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id="toc-A_Brief_History_of_Time_and_Fast_Cheap_&_Out_of_Control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_Brief_History_of_Time_and_Fast_Cheap_&_Out_of_Control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span><i>A Brief History of Time</i> and <i>Fast Cheap & Out of Control</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_Brief_History_of_Time_and_Fast_Cheap_&_Out_of_Control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Fog_of_War_and_later_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Fog_of_War_and_later_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span><i>The Fog of War</i> and later films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Fog_of_War_and_later_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercials"> <div 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Filmography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Feature_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feature_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Feature films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feature_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Short_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Short films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Accolades</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Accolades subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Honorary_degrees" 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class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="غاستون موريس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غاستون موريس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="ارول موریس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ارول موریس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1" title="ארול מוריס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארול מוריס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="جاستون موريس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاستون موريس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81,_%D0%AD%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Моррис, Эррол – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Моррис, Эррол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%86%D9%84_%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="ئێرۆل مۆریس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئێرۆل مۆریس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="Errol Morris – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Errol Morris" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF" title="埃洛·莫里斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="埃洛·莫里斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q977546#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Errol_Morris" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American film director (born 1948)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Errol Morris</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Errol_Morris_by_Bridget_Laudien.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Errol_Morris_by_Bridget_Laudien.jpg/220px-Errol_Morris_by_Bridget_Laudien.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Errol_Morris_by_Bridget_Laudien.jpg/330px-Errol_Morris_by_Bridget_Laudien.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Errol_Morris_by_Bridget_Laudien.jpg/440px-Errol_Morris_by_Bridget_Laudien.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1805" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Morris in <a href="/wiki/Morristown,_New_Jersey" title="Morristown, New Jersey">Morristown, New Jersey</a> in 2008</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Errol Mark Morris</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1948-02-05</span>) </span>February 5, 1948<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 77)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Hewlett,_New_York" title="Hewlett, New York">Hewlett, New York</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Film director</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1978–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Heaven" title="Gates of Heaven">Gates of Heaven</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(1988_film)" title="The Thin Blue Line (1988 film)">The Thin Blue Line</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fast,_Cheap_%26_Out_of_Control" title="Fast, Cheap & Out of Control">Fast, Cheap & Out of Control</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Julia Sheehan</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1984)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Morris" title="Hamilton Morris">Hamilton Morris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://errolmorris.com">ErrolMorris.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Errol Mark Morris</b> (born February 5, 1948) is an American film director known for documentaries that interrogate the <a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">epistemology</a> of their subjects, and the invention of the <a href="/wiki/Interrotron" title="Interrotron">Interrotron</a>. In 2003, his <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara</a></i> won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Feature" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature">Best Documentary Feature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(1988_film)" title="The Thin Blue Line (1988 film)">The Thin Blue Line</a></i> placed fifth on a <i><a href="/wiki/Sight_and_Sound" title="Sight and Sound">Sight & Sound</a></i> poll of the greatest documentaries ever made.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morris is known for making films about unusual subjects; <i><a href="/wiki/Fast,_Cheap_%26_Out_of_Control" title="Fast, Cheap & Out of Control">Fast, Cheap & Out of Control</a></i> interweaves the stories of an <a href="/wiki/Animal_trainer" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal trainer">animal trainer</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Topiary" title="Topiary">topiary</a> gardener, a robot scientist, and a <a href="/wiki/Naked_mole-rat" title="Naked mole-rat">naked mole-rat</a> specialist.<sup id="cite_ref-Ebert_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ebert-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morris was born on February 5, 1948,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> into a Jewish family in <a href="/wiki/Hewlett,_New_York" title="Hewlett, New York">Hewlett</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father died when he was two and he was raised by his mother, a piano teacher.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had one older brother, Noel, who was a computer programmer.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After being treated for <a href="/wiki/Strabismus" title="Strabismus">strabismus</a> in childhood, Morris refused to wear an eye patch. As a consequence, he has limited sight in one eye and lacks normal stereoscopic vision.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 10th grade, Morris attended <a href="/wiki/The_Putney_School" title="The Putney School">The Putney School</a>, a boarding school in Vermont. He began playing the <a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">cello</a>, spending a summer in France studying music under the acclaimed <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Boulanger" title="Nadia Boulanger">Nadia Boulanger</a>, who also taught Morris's future collaborator <a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a>. Describing Morris as a teenager, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Singer_(journalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Singer (journalist)">Mark Singer</a> wrote that he "read with a passion the 14-odd <a href="/wiki/List_of_Oz_books" title="List of Oz books"><i>Oz</i> books</a>, watched a lot of television, and on a regular basis went with a doting but not quite right maiden aunt ('I guess you'd have to say that Aunt Roz was somewhat demented') to Saturday matinées, where he saw such films as <i><a href="/wiki/This_Island_Earth" title="This Island Earth">This Island Earth</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Creature_from_the_Black_Lagoon" title="Creature from the Black Lagoon">Creature from the Black Lagoon</a></i>—horror movies that, viewed again 30 years later, still seem scary to him."<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="College">College</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: College"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morris attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>, graduating in 1969 with a Bachelor of Arts in history. For a brief time, Morris held small jobs, first as a cable-television salesman, and then as a term-paper writer. His unorthodox approach to applying for graduate school included "trying to get accepted at different graduate schools just by showing up on their doorstep."<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having unsuccessfully approached both the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, Morris was able to talk his way into <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, where he began studying the history of science, a topic in which he had "absolutely no background." His concentration was in the history of physics, and he was bored and unsuccessful in the prerequisite physics classes he had to take. This, together with his antagonistic relationship with his advisor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kuhn" title="Thomas Kuhn">Thomas Kuhn</a> ('You won't even look through my telescope.' And his response was 'Errol, it's not a telescope, it's a kaleidoscope.')<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ensured that his stay at Princeton would be short. </p><p>Morris left Princeton in 1972, enrolling at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">Berkeley</a> as a doctoral student in philosophy. At Berkeley, he once again found that he was not well-suited to his subject. "Berkeley was just a world of pedants. It was truly shocking. I spent two or three years in the philosophy program. I have very bad feelings about it", he later said.<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After leaving UC Berkeley, he became a regular at the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Art_Museum_and_Pacific_Film_Archive" title="Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive">Pacific Film Archive</a>. As <a href="/wiki/Tom_Luddy" title="Tom Luddy">Tom Luddy</a>, the director of the archive at the time, later remembered: "He was a <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a> nut. He claimed we weren't showing the real film noir. So I challenged him to write the program notes. Then, there was his habit of sneaking into the films and denying that he was sneaking in. I told him if he was sneaking in he should at least admit he was doing it."<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unfinished_project_on_Ed_Gein">Unfinished project on Ed Gein</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Unfinished project on Ed Gein"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Inspired by <a href="/wiki/Hitchcock" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Psycho_(1960_film)" title="Psycho (1960 film)">Psycho</a></i>, Morris visited <a href="/wiki/Plainfield,_Wisconsin" title="Plainfield, Wisconsin">Plainfield, Wisconsin</a> in 1975, where he conducted multiple interviews with <a href="/wiki/Ed_Gein" title="Ed Gein">Ed Gein</a>, the infamous <a href="/wiki/Body_snatching" title="Body snatching">body snatcher</a> who resided at <a href="/wiki/Mendota_Mental_Health_Institute" title="Mendota Mental Health Institute">Mendota State Hospital</a> in Madison. He later made plans with German film director <a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog" title="Werner Herzog">Werner Herzog</a>, whom Tom Luddy had introduced to Morris, to return in the summer of 1975 to secretly open the grave of Gein's mother to test their theory that Gein himself had already dug her up. Herzog arrived on schedule, but Morris had second thoughts and was not there. Herzog did not open the grave. Morris later returned to Plainfield, this time staying for almost a year, conducting hundreds of hours of interviews. Despite this, his plans to either write a book or make a film (which he would call <i>Digging up the Past</i>) were left unfinished at the time. In an October 2023 interview with <a href="/wiki/Letterboxd" title="Letterboxd">Letterboxd</a>, Morris mentioned that he has since returned to the project, saying "I started rewatching <i>Psycho</i>, because I’m making a movie about Ed Gein."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fall of 1976, Herzog visited Plainfield again, this time to shoot part of his film <i><a href="/wiki/Stroszek" title="Stroszek">Stroszek</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_films">First films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: First films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morris accepted $2,000 from Herzog and used it to take a trip to <a href="/wiki/Vernon,_Florida" title="Vernon, Florida">Vernon, Florida</a>. Vernon was nicknamed "Nub City" because its residents supposedly participated in a particularly gruesome form of insurance fraud in which they deliberately amputated a limb to collect the insurance money. Morris's second documentary was about the town and bore its name, although it made no mention of Vernon as "Nub City", but instead explored other idiosyncrasies of the town's residents. Morris made this omission because he received death threats while doing research; the town's residents were afraid that Morris would reveal their secret.<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After spending two weeks in Vernon, Morris returned to Berkeley and began working on a script for a work of fiction that he called <i>Nub City.</i> After a few unproductive months, he happened upon a headline in the <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i> that read, "450 Dead Pets Going to Napa Valley." Morris left for Napa Valley and began working on the film that would become his first feature, <i><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Heaven" title="Gates of Heaven">Gates of Heaven</a></i>, which premiered in 1978. Herzog had said he would eat his shoe if Morris completed the documentary. After the film premiered, Herzog publicly followed through on the bet by cooking and eating his shoe, which was documented in the short film <i><a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog_Eats_His_Shoe" title="Werner Herzog Eats His Shoe">Werner Herzog Eats His Shoe</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Les_Blank" title="Les Blank">Les Blank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Gates of Heaven</i> was given a limited release in the spring of 1981. <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> was a champion of the film, including it on his ballot in the 1992 <i><a href="/wiki/Sight_%26_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Sight & Sound">Sight & Sound</a></i> critics' poll.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morris returned to Vernon in 1979 and again in 1980, renting a house in town and conducting interviews with the town's citizens. <i><a href="/wiki/Vernon,_Florida_(film)" title="Vernon, Florida (film)">Vernon, Florida</a></i> premiered at the 1981 <a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Festival" title="New York Film Festival">New York Film Festival</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i> called it, "a film as odd and mysterious as its subjects, and quite unforgettable." The film, like <i>Gates of Heaven</i>, suffered from poor distribution. It was released on video in 1987, and DVD in 2005. </p><p>After finishing <i>Vernon, Florida</i>, Morris tried to get funding for a variety of projects. The <i>Road</i> story was about an interstate highway in Minnesota; one project was about Robert Golka, the creator of laser-induced fireballs in Utah; and another story was about <a href="/wiki/Centralia,_Pennsylvania" title="Centralia, Pennsylvania">Centralia, Pennsylvania</a>, the coal town in which an inextinguishable subterranean fire ignited in 1962. He eventually got funding in 1983 to write a script about John and Jim Pardue, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> bank robbers who had killed their father and grandmother and robbed five banks. Morris's pitch went, "The great bank-robbery sprees always take place at a time when something is going wrong in the country. <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_and_Clyde" title="Bonnie and Clyde">Bonnie and Clyde</a> were apolitical, but it's impossible to imagine them without <a href="/wiki/The_Depression" class="mw-redirect" title="The Depression">the Depression</a> as a backdrop. The Pardue brothers were apolitical, but it's impossible to imagine them without Vietnam."<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morris wanted <a href="/wiki/Tom_Waits" title="Tom Waits">Tom Waits</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rourke" title="Mickey Rourke">Mickey Rourke</a> to play the brothers, and he wrote the script, but the project eventually failed. Morris worked on writing scripts for various other projects, including a pair of ill-fated <a href="/wiki/Stephen_King" title="Stephen King">Stephen King</a> adaptations. </p><p>In 1984, Morris married Julia Sheehan, whom he had met in Wisconsin while researching Ed Gein and other serial killers. He would later recall an early conversation with Julia: "I was talking to a mass murderer but I was thinking of you," he said, and instantly regretted it, afraid that it might not have sounded as affectionate as he had wished. But Julia was actually flattered: "I thought, really, that was one of the nicest things anyone ever said to me. It was hard to go out with other guys after that."<sup id="cite_ref-singer1_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Thin_Blue_Line"><i>The Thin Blue Line</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Thin Blue Line"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(1988_film)" title="The Thin Blue Line (1988 film)">The Thin Blue Line (1988 film)</a></div> <p>In 1985, Morris became interested in Dr. <a href="/wiki/James_Grigson" title="James Grigson">James Grigson</a>, a psychiatrist in <a href="/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas</a>. Under <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> law, the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">death penalty</a> can only be issued if the jury is convinced that the defendant is not only guilty, but will commit further violent crimes in the future if he is not put to death. Grigson had spent 15 years testifying for such cases, and he almost invariably gave the same damning testimony, often saying that it is "one hundred per cent certain" that the defendant would kill again.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led to Grigson being nicknamed "Dr. Death."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through Grigson, Morris met the subject of his next film, 36-year-old <a href="/wiki/Randall_Dale_Adams" title="Randall Dale Adams">Randall Dale Adams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Adams was serving a life sentence that had been commuted from a death sentence on a legal technicality for the 1976 murder of Robert Wood, a Dallas police officer. Adams told Morris that he had been framed, and that David Harris, who was present at the time of the murder and was the principal witness for the prosecution, had in fact killed Wood. Morris began researching the case because it related to Dr. Grigson. He was at first unconvinced of Adams's innocence. After reading the transcripts of the trial and meeting David Harris at a bar, however, Morris was no longer so sure. </p><p>At the time, Morris had been making a living as a <a href="/wiki/Private_investigator" title="Private investigator">private investigator</a> for a well-known private detective agency that specialized in <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a> cases. Bringing together his talents as an investigator and his obsessions with murder, narration, and epistemology, Morris went to work on the case in earnest. Unedited interviews in which the prosecution's witnesses systematically contradicted themselves were used as testimony in Adams's 1986 <i><a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus" title="Habeas corpus">habeas corpus</a></i> hearing to determine if he would receive a new trial. David Harris famously confessed, in a roundabout manner, to killing Wood. </p><p>Although Adams was finally found innocent after years of being processed by the legal system, the judge in the <i>habeas corpus</i> hearing officially stated that, "much could be said about those videotape interviews, but nothing that would have any bearing on the matter before this court." Regardless, <i>The Thin Blue Line</i>, as Morris's film would be called, was popularly accepted as the main force behind getting its subject, Randall Adams, out of prison. As Morris said of the film, "<i>The Thin Blue Line</i> is two movies grafted together. On one simple level is the question, Did he do it, or didn't he? And on another level, <i>The Thin Blue Line</i>, properly considered, is an <a href="/wiki/Essay#Film" title="Essay">essay</a> on false history. A whole group of people, literally everyone, believed a version of the world that was entirely wrong, and my accidental investigation of the story provided a different version of what happened."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>The Thin Blue Line</i> ranks among the most critically acclaimed documentaries ever made. According to a survey by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, the film made dozens of critics' top ten lists for 1988, more than any other film that year. It won the documentary of the year award from both the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle" title="New York Film Critics Circle">New York Film Critics Circle</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics" title="National Society of Film Critics">National Society of Film Critics</a>. Despite its widespread acclaim, it was not nominated for an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a>, which created a small scandal regarding the nomination practices of the academy. The academy cited the film's genre of "non-fiction", arguing that it was not actually a documentary. It was the first of Morris's films to be scored by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A_Brief_History_of_Time_and_Fast_Cheap_&_Out_of_Control"><span id="A_Brief_History_of_Time_and_Fast_Cheap_.26_Out_of_Control"></span><i>A Brief History of Time</i> and <i>Fast Cheap & Out of Control</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: A Brief History of Time and Fast Cheap & Out of Control"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morris wanted to make a film about <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein%27s_brain" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Einstein's brain">Albert Einstein's brain</a> and approached <a href="/wiki/Amblin_Entertainment" title="Amblin Entertainment">Amblin Entertainment</a> about it. Gordon Freeman had acquired the rights to <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a>'s bestseller <i><a href="/wiki/A_Brief_History_of_Time" title="A Brief History of Time">A Brief History of Time</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> suggested Morris direct it. After reading Hawking's book, Morris agreed to direct a documentary adaptation of it, having studied the philosophy of science at Princeton. Morris's film <i><a href="/wiki/A_Brief_History_of_Time_(film)" title="A Brief History of Time (film)">A Brief History of Time</a></i> is less an adaptation of Hawking's book than a portrait of the scientist. It combines interviews with Hawking, his colleagues and his family with computer animations and clips from movies like Disney's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Hole_(1979_film)" title="The Black Hole (1979 film)">The Black Hole</a></i>. Morris said he was "very moved by Hawking as a man", calling him "immensely likable, perverse, funny...and yes, he's a genius."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Morris's <i><a href="/wiki/Fast,_Cheap_%26_Out_of_Control" title="Fast, Cheap & Out of Control">Fast, Cheap & Out of Control</a></i> interweaves interviews with a wild animal trainer, a topiary gardener, a robot scientist and a naked mole rat specialist with stock footage, cartoons and clips from film serials. <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> said of it, "If I had to describe it, I'd say it's about people who are trying to control things - to take upon themselves the mantle of God." Morris agreed there was a "Frankenstein element", adding "They're all involved in some very odd inquiry about life. It sounds horribly pretentious laid out that way, but there's something mysterious in each of the stories, something melancholy as well as funny. And there's an edge of mortality. For the end of the movie I showed the gardener clipping the top of his camel, clipping in a heavenly light, and then walking away in the rain. You know that this garden is not going to last much longer than the gardener's lifetime."<sup id="cite_ref-Ebert_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ebert-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was scored by Caleb Sampson of the <a href="/wiki/Alloy_Orchestra" title="Alloy Orchestra">Alloy Orchestra</a> and photographed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Richardson_(cinematographer)" title="Robert Richardson (cinematographer)">Robert Richardson</a>. Morris dedicated the film to his mother and stepfather, who had recently died. It was named by several critics as one of the best films of 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, Morris was commissioned to make a short film<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the <a href="/wiki/75th_Academy_Awards" title="75th Academy Awards">75th Academy Awards</a>. He was hired based on his advertising resume, not his career as a director of feature-length documentaries. Those interviewed ranged from <a href="/wiki/Laura_Bush" title="Laura Bush">Laura Bush</a> to <a href="/wiki/Iggy_Pop" title="Iggy Pop">Iggy Pop</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth Arrow</a> to Morris's 15-year-old son Hamilton. Morris was nominated for an <a href="/wiki/Emmy" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy">Emmy</a> for this short film. He considered editing this footage into a feature-length film, focusing<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> discussing <i><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane</a></i> (this segment was later released on the second issue of <i><a href="/wiki/Wholphin_(DVD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wholphin (DVD)">Wholphin</a></i>). Morris went on to make a second short for the <a href="/wiki/79th_Academy_Awards" title="79th Academy Awards">79th Academy Awards</a> in 2007, this time interviewing the various nominees and asking them about their Oscar experiences.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Fog_of_War_and_later_films"><i>The Fog of War</i> and later films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: The Fog of War and later films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War</a></div> <p>In 2003, Morris won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Feature" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature">Oscar for Best Documentary</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War</a></i>, a film about the career of <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._McNamara" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert S. McNamara">Robert S. McNamara</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> under Presidents <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>. In the haunting opening about McNamara's relationship with U.S. General <a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a> during World War II, Morris brings out complexities in the character of McNamara, which shaped McNamara's positions in the <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis">Cuban Missile Crisis</a> and the Vietnam War. Like his earlier documentary, <i>The Thin Blue Line,</i> <i>The Fog of War</i> included extensive use of re-enactments, a technique which many had believed was inappropriate for documentaries prior to his Oscar win. </p><p>In early 2010, a new Morris documentary was submitted to several film festivals, including <a href="/wiki/Toronto_International_Film_Festival" title="Toronto International Film Festival">Toronto International Film Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Telluride_Film_Festival" title="Telluride Film Festival">Telluride Film Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film, <i><a href="/wiki/Tabloid_(film)" title="Tabloid (film)">Tabloid</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> features interviews with <a href="/wiki/Joyce_McKinney" class="mw-redirect" title="Joyce McKinney">Joyce McKinney</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/Miss_Wyoming" title="Miss Wyoming">Miss Wyoming</a>, who was convicted <i>in absentia</i> for the kidnap and indecent assault of a <a href="/wiki/Mormon_sex_in_chains_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon sex in chains case">Mormon missionary</a> in England during 1977. </p><p>Subsequently, Morris has made documentaries such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Unknown_Known" title="The Unknown Known">The Unknown Known</a></i> (2013), <i><a href="/wiki/American_Dharma" title="American Dharma">American Dharma</a></i> (2018), and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pigeon_Tunnel" title="The Pigeon Tunnel">The Pigeon Tunnel</a></i> (2023), revolving around interviews conducted with <a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Bannon" title="Steve Bannon">Steve Bannon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_le_Carr%C3%A9" title="John le Carré">John le Carré</a>, respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercials">Commercials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Commercials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Morris has achieved fame as a documentary filmmaker, he is also an accomplished director of <a href="/wiki/Television_commercial" class="mw-redirect" title="Television commercial">television commercials</a>. In 2002, Morris directed a series of television ads for <a href="/wiki/Apple_Computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Computer">Apple Computer</a> as part of a popular "Switch" campaign. The commercials featured ex-<a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> users discussing their various bad experiences that motivated their own personal switches to Macintosh. One commercial in the series, starring Ellen Feiss, a high-schooler friend of his son <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Morris" title="Hamilton Morris">Hamilton Morris</a>, became an Internet meme. Morris has directed hundreds of commercials for various companies and products, including <a href="/wiki/Adidas" title="Adidas">Adidas</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_International_Group" title="American International Group">AIG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cisco_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Cisco Systems">Cisco Systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citibank" title="Citibank">Citibank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kimberly-Clark" title="Kimberly-Clark">Kimberly-Clark</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Depend_(undergarment)" title="Depend (undergarment)">Depend brand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levi%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Levi's">Levi's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miller_High_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Miller High Life">Miller High Life</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nike,_Inc." title="Nike, Inc.">Nike</a>, <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Quaker_Oats_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The Quaker Oats Company">The Quaker Oats Company</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Comfort" title="Southern Comfort">Southern Comfort</a>, <a href="/wiki/EA_Sports" title="EA Sports">EA Sports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a>. Many of these commercials are available on his website.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2004, Morris directed another series of commercials in the style of the "Switch" ads. This campaign featured <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a> who voted for <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Bush</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000 election</a> giving their personal reasons for voting for <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a> in 2004. Upon completing more than 50 commercials, Morris had difficulty getting them on the air. Eventually, the liberal advocacy group <a href="/wiki/MoveOn" title="MoveOn">MoveOn</a> <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">PAC</a> paid to air a few of the commercials. Morris also wrote an editorial<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> discussing the commercials and Kerry's losing campaign. </p><p>In late 2004, Morris directed a series of noteworthy commercials for <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Electronics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharp Electronics">Sharp Electronics</a>. The commercials enigmatically depicted various scenes from what appeared to be a short narrative that climaxed with a car crashing into a swimming pool. Each commercial showed a slightly different perspective on the events, and each ended with a cryptic weblink. The weblink was to a fake webpage advertising a prize offered to anyone who could discover the secret location of some valuable urns. It was in fact an <a href="/wiki/Alternate_reality_game" title="Alternate reality game">alternate reality game</a>. The original commercials can be found on Morris's website.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Morris directed a series of commercials for <a href="/wiki/Reebok" title="Reebok">Reebok</a> that featured six prominent National Football League (NFL) players. The 30-second promotional videos were aired during the 2006 NFL season.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Morris stated that he has made around 1,000 commercials during his career.<sup id="cite_ref-Fast_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fast-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then he has continued in the field, including a 2019 campaign for Chipotle.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Morris made commercials for medical technology firm <a href="/wiki/Theranos" title="Theranos">Theranos</a>, and interviewed its founder, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Holmes" title="Elizabeth Holmes">Elizabeth Holmes</a>. After the company fell in disgrace, Morris was criticized by <i>The Telegraph</i> for seeming "captivated" by Holmes, and for contributing to Holmes' mythical persona as a visionary.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 2019 <i>New Yorker</i> interview, Morris reflected, "To me, what really is interesting about Elizabeth [Holmes] ... did she really see herself as a fraud? Was it calculation? I have a hard time squaring that with my own experience. Could I have been self-deceived, delusional? You betcha. I'm no different than the next guy. I'd like to think I'm a little different. But I'm still fascinated by her."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writings_and_documentary_shorts">Writings and documentary shorts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Writings and documentary shorts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morris has also written long-form journalism, exploring different areas of interest and published on <i>The New York Times</i> website.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A collection of these essays, titled <i>Believing is Seeing: Observations on the Mysteries of Photography,</i> was published by Penguin Press on September 1, 2011. In November 2011, Morris premiered a documentary short titled "The Umbrella Man"—featuring <a href="/wiki/Josiah_Thompson" title="Josiah Thompson">Josiah "Tink" Thompson</a>—about the Kennedy assassination on <i>The New York Times</i> website.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, Morris published his second book, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Wilderness_of_Error" title="A Wilderness of Error">A Wilderness of Error: The Trials of Jeffrey MacDonald</a></i>, about <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_MacDonald" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeffrey MacDonald">Jeffrey MacDonald</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Green_Berets" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Berets">Green Beret</a> physician convicted of killing his wife and two daughters on February 17, 1970. Morris first became interested in the case in the early 1990s and believes that MacDonald is not guilty after undertaking extensive research.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morris explained in a July 2013 interview, prior to the reopening of the case: "What happened here is wrong. It's wrong to convict a man under these circumstances. And if I can help correct that, I will be a happy camper."<sup id="cite_ref-Fast_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fast-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He now states that he does not believe that Macdonald is guilty, but thinks it possible that Macdonald is guilty.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Style_and_legacy">Style and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Style and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To conduct interviews, Morris invented a machine, called the Interrotron, which allows the interviewer and his subject to make eye-contact with each other while both staring through the camera lens itself. He explains the device as follows: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><a href="/wiki/Teleprompters" class="mw-redirect" title="Teleprompters">Teleprompters</a> are used to project an image on a two-way mirror. Politicians and newscasters use them so that they can read text and look into the lens of the camera at the same time. What interests me is that nobody thought of using them for anything other than to display text: read a speech or read the news and look into the lens of the camera. I changed that. I put my face on the Teleprompter or, strictly speaking, my live video image. For the first time, I could be talking to someone, and they could be talking to me and at the same time looking directly into the lens of the camera. Now, there was no looking off slightly to the side. No more faux first person. This was the true first person.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Author Marsha McCreadie, in her book <i>Documentary Superstars: How Today's Filmmakers Are Reinventing the Form</i>, had paired Morris with <a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog" title="Werner Herzog">Werner Herzog</a> as practitioners and visionaries in their approach in documentary filmmaking.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Morris employs the use of narrative elements within his films. These include but are not limited to: stylized lighting, musical score, and re-enactment. The use of these elements is rejected by many documentary filmmakers who followed the cinema vérité style of the previous generations. Cinema vérité is characterized by its rejection of artistic additions to documentary film. While Morris faced backlash from many of the older-era filmmakers, his style has been embraced by the younger generations of filmmakers, as the use of re-enactment is present in many contemporary documentary films. </p><p>Morris advocates the reflexive style of documentary filmmaking. In <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nichols_(film_critic)" title="Bill Nichols (film critic)">Bill Nichols</a>'s book <i>Introduction to Documentary</i> he states that reflexive documentary "[speaks] not only about the historical world but about the problems and issues of representing it as well." Morris uses his films not only to portray social issues and non-fiction events but also to comment on the reliability of documentary making itself.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His style has been spoofed in the mockumentary series <i><a href="/wiki/Documentary_Now" class="mw-redirect" title="Documentary Now">Documentary Now</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Even when interviewing controversial figures, Morris does not generally believe in adversarial interviews:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I don't really believe in adversarial interviews. I don't think you learn very much. You create a theater, a gladiatorial theater, which may be satisfying to an audience, but if the goal is to learn something that you don't know, that's not the way to go about doing it. In fact, it's the way to destroy the possibility of ever hearing anything interesting or new. .... the most interesting and most revealing comments have come not as a result of a question at all, but having set up a situation where people actually want to talk to you, and want to reveal something to you.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feature_films">Feature films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Feature films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Heaven" title="Gates of Heaven">Gates of Heaven</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vernon,_Florida_(film)" title="Vernon, Florida (film)">Vernon, Florida</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(1988_film)" title="The Thin Blue Line (1988 film)">The Thin Blue Line</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Wind_(1991_film)" title="The Dark Wind (1991 film)">The Dark Wind</a></i> (1991), fiction movie</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Brief_History_of_Time_(film)" title="A Brief History of Time (film)">A Brief History of Time</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fast,_Cheap_%26_Out_of_Control" title="Fast, Cheap & Out of Control">Fast, Cheap & Out of Control</a></i> (1997) <sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Death:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Fred_A._Leuchter,_Jr." title="Mr. Death: The Rise and Fall of Fred A. Leuchter, Jr.">Mr. Death: The Rise and Fall of Fred A. Leuchter, Jr.</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Standard_Operating_Procedure_(film)" title="Standard Operating Procedure (film)">Standard Operating Procedure</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tabloid_(film)" title="Tabloid (film)">Tabloid</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Act_of_Killing" title="The Act of Killing">The Act of Killing</a></i> (executive producer) (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Unknown_Known" title="The Unknown Known">The Unknown Known</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Look_of_Silence" title="The Look of Silence">The Look of Silence</a></i> (executive producer) (2014)</li> <li><i>Happy Father's Day</i> (video) (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Nick" title="Uncle Nick">Uncle Nick</a></i> (executive producer) (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_B-Side:_Elsa_Dorfman%27s_Portrait_Photography" title="The B-Side: Elsa Dorfman's Portrait Photography">The B-Side: Elsa Dorfman's Portrait Photography</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Bird_(film)" title="National Bird (film)">National Bird</a></i> (executive producer) (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Dharma" title="American Dharma">American Dharma</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Enemies_of_the_State" title="Enemies of the State">Enemies of the State</a></i> (executive producer) (2020)</li> <li><i>My Psychedelic Love Story</i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pigeon_Tunnel" title="The Pigeon Tunnel">The Pigeon Tunnel</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tune_Out_the_Noise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tune Out the Noise (page does not exist)">Tune Out the Noise</a></i> (2024)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Separated_(film)" title="Separated (film)">Separated</a></i> (2024)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Short_films">Short films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Short films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Survivors</i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/They_Were_There" title="They Were There">They Were There</a></i> (Documentary short) (2011)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>El Wingador</i> (Documentary short) (2012)</li> <li><i>Three Short Films About Peace</i> (2014)</li> <li><i>Leymah Gbowee: The Dream</i> (Documentary short) (2014)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Errol Morris Interrotron Stories: Digging Up the Past</i> (TV miniseries documentary) (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Person_(2000_TV_series)" title="First Person (2000 TV series)">First Person</a></i> (TV series documentary) (17 episodes) (2000)</li> <li><i>Op-Docs</i> (TV series documentary trilogy) <ul><li><i>The Umbrella Man</i> about <a href="/wiki/Umbrella_man_(JFK_assassination)" title="Umbrella man (JFK assassination)">Umbrella man (JFK assassination)</a> (2011)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>November 22, 1963</i> (2013)</li> <li><i>A Demon in the Freezer</i> (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>P.O.V.</i> (executive producer) (2014–2016)</li> <li><i>It's Not Crazy, It's Sports</i> (TV documentary series) (2015) <ul><li><i>The Subterranean Stadium</i> (TV movie) (2015)</li> <li><i>The Streaker</i> (TV movie) (2015)</li> <li><i>The Heist</i> (TV movie) (2015)</li> <li><i>Most Valuable Whatever</i> (TV movie) (2015)</li> <li><i>Chrome</i> (TV movie) (2015)</li> <li><i>Being Mr. Met</i> (TV movie) (2015)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Zillow Hiram's Home</i> (TV movie) (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wormwood_(miniseries)" title="Wormwood (miniseries)">Wormwood</a></i> (miniseries) (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Wilderness_of_Error_(TV_series)" title="A Wilderness of Error (TV series)">A Wilderness of Error</a></i> (docuseries on FX) (2020)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accolades">Accolades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Accolades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Heaven" title="Gates of Heaven">Gates of Heaven</a></i> (1978) was long featured on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19971109/REVIEWS08/401010320/1023">Roger Ebert's list</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051226155137/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19971109%2FREVIEWS08%2F401010320%2F1023">Archived</a> 2005-12-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> of the ten greatest films ever made.</li> <li>Golden Horse for Best Foreign Film at the Taiwan International Film Festival for <i>The Thin Blue Line</i> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle" title="New York Film Critics Circle">New York Film Critics Circle</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics" title="National Society of Film Critics">National Society of Film Critics</a> Best Documentary for <i>The Thin Blue Line</i> (1988)</li> <li>Washington Post Best Film of the Year for <i>The Thin Blue Line</i> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar Award">Edgar Award</a> for Best Motion Picture, from the <a href="/wiki/Mystery_Writers_of_America" title="Mystery Writers of America">Mystery Writers of America</a>, for <i>The Thin Blue Line</i> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellowship</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellowship">MacArthur Fellowship</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmy" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy">Emmy</a> for Best Commercial for <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> commercial "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.errolmorris.com/commercials/pbs/pbs_photobooth.html">Photobooth</a>" (2001)</li> <li>In December 2001, the United States' <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Preservation_Foundation" title="National Film Preservation Foundation">National Film Preservation Foundation</a> announced that Morris's <i>The Thin Blue Line</i> would be one of the 25 films selected that year for preservation in the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, bringing the total at the time to 325.</li> <li>2002 International Documentary Association list of the 20 all-time best documentaries: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(1988_film)" title="The Thin Blue Line (1988 film)">The Thin Blue Line</a></i> (#2), <i><a href="/wiki/Fast,_Cheap_%26_Out_of_Control" title="Fast, Cheap & Out of Control">Fast, Cheap & Out of Control</a></i> (#14)<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Best Documentary of the Year awards for <i>The Fog of War</i> (2003): the National Board of Review, the Los Angeles Film Critics Association, the Chicago Film Critics, and the Washington D.C. Area Film Critics.</li> <li>In 2003, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> put him seventh in its list of the world's 40 best active directors.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Documentary_Feature" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Documentary Feature">Academy Award for Documentary Feature</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War</a></i> (2004)</li> <li>Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jury Grand Prix Silver Bear at the 2008 <a href="/wiki/Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="Berlin International Film Festival">Berlin International Film Festival</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Standard_Operating_Procedure_(film)" title="Standard Operating Procedure (film)">Standard Operating Procedure</a></i></li> <li>Columbia Journalism Award (2013)</li> <li>In 2019, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War</a></i> was selected by the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> for preservation in the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".<sup id="cite_ref-Chow_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chow-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_degrees">Honorary degrees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Honorary degrees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middlebury_College" title="Middlebury College">Middlebury College</a>, Hon. D.F.A. (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandeis_University" title="Brandeis University">Brandeis University</a>, Hon. D.H.L. (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>, Hon. D.H.L. (2013)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMorris,_Errol2011" class="citation book cs1">Morris, Errol (2011). <i>Believing Is Seeing: Observations on the Mysteries of Photography</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Penguin Press">Penguin Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0143124252" title="Special:BookSources/978-0143124252"><bdi>978-0143124252</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Believing+Is+Seeing%3A+Observations+on+the+Mysteries+of+Photography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0143124252&rft.au=Morris%2C+Errol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Wilderness_of_Error:_The_Trials_of_Jeffrey_MacDonald" class="mw-redirect" title="A Wilderness of Error: The Trials of Jeffrey MacDonald">A Wilderness of Error: The Trials of Jeffrey MacDonald</a></i> (Penguin Press, 4 September 2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ashtray_(Or_the_Man_Who_Denied_Reality)" title="The Ashtray (Or the Man Who Denied Reality)">The Ashtray (Or the Man Who Denied Reality)</a></i> (University of Chicago Press, 2018)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles">Articles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Articles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris,_Errol2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Morris, Errol (April 20, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/3814981/truth-and-consequences-in-north-charleston/">"What photography can't prove"</a>. United States. Crime. <i>Time</i>. Vol. 185, no. 14 (South Pacific ed.). p. 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=What+photography+can%27t+prove&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=14&rft.pages=23&rft.date=2015-04-20&rft.au=Morris%2C+Errol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F3814981%2Ftruth-and-consequences-in-north-charleston%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutka2004" class="citation news cs1">Dutka, Elaine (March 1, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-mar-01-et-elaine1-story.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Fog of War' lifts Morris to his first Oscar victory"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=%27Fog+of+War%27+lifts+Morris+to+his+first+Oscar+victory&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.aulast=Dutka&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2004-mar-01-et-elaine1-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2014" class="citation magazine cs1">James, Nick (September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sight-sound-magazine/greatest-docs">"The Greatest Documentaries of All Time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sight_and_Sound" title="Sight and Sound">Sight & Sound</a></i>. Vol. 24, no. 9. <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sight+%26+Sound&rft.atitle=The+Greatest+Documentaries+of+All+Time&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=9&rft.date=2014-09&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.bfi.org.uk%2Fsight-sound-magazine%2Fgreatest-docs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ebert-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ebert_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ebert_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert1997" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ebert" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Ebert">Ebert, Roger</a> (November 9, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/roger-ebert/way-out-and-in-control">"Way out and in control"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=Way+out+and+in+control&rft.date=1997-11-09&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Froger-ebert%2Fway-out-and-in-control&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAitken2013" class="citation book cs1">Aitken, Ian, ed. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4r8cRrzOavEC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>The Concise Routledge Encyclopedia of the Documentary Film</i></a>. New York: Routledge. p. 660. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415596428" title="Special:BookSources/9780415596428"><bdi>9780415596428</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Routledge+Encyclopedia+of+the+Documentary+Film&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=660&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780415596428&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4r8cRrzOavEC%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShapiro2012" class="citation web cs1">Shapiro, Laurie Gwen (September 21, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forward.com/schmooze/163179/into-wilderness-of-errol/">"Into Wilderness of Errol"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Daily_Forward" class="mw-redirect" title="The Jewish Daily Forward">The Jewish Daily Forward</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Daily+Forward&rft.atitle=Into+Wilderness+of+Errol&rft.date=2012-09-21&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Laurie+Gwen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Fschmooze%2F163179%2Finto-wilderness-of-errol%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBermanErrol2011" class="citation web cs1">Berman, Benjamin; Errol, Morris (June 17, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2011/06/20/opinion/20110620-who-invented-email.html">"Errol Morris: Did My Brother Invent E-Mail With Tom Van Vleck?"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Errol+Morris%3A+Did+My+Brother+Invent+E-Mail+With+Tom+Van+Vleck%3F&rft.date=2011-06-17&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.au=Errol%2C+Morris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2011%2F06%2F20%2Fopinion%2F20110620-who-invented-email.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchulz2011" class="citation news cs1">Schulz, Kathryn (September 4, 2011). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/04/books/review/believing-is-seeing-by-errol-morris-book-review.html">"Errol Morris Looks for the Truth in Photography"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Errol+Morris+Looks+for+the+Truth+in+Photography&rft.date=2011-09-04&rft.aulast=Schulz&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F04%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Fbelieving-is-seeing-by-errol-morris-book-review.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-singer1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singer1_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger1989" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Singer_(journalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Singer (journalist)">Singer, Mark</a> (February 2, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.errolmorris.com/content/profile/singer_predilections.html">"Predilections"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i>. Errol Moriss. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240112224404/http://www.errolmorris.com/content/profile/singer_predilections.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Predilections&rft.date=1989-02-02&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.errolmorris.com%2Fcontent%2Fprofile%2Fsinger_predilections.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKemp2023" class="citation web cs1">Kemp, Ella (October 20, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://letterboxd.com/journal/the-pigeon-tunnel-errol-morris-life-in-film-interview/">"Feel Bad Inc: Errol Morris on true crime, real horror and ridiculous habits"</a>. <i>Journal</i>. Letterboxd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231116184804/https://letterboxd.com/journal/the-pigeon-tunnel-errol-morris-life-in-film-interview/">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Journal&rft.atitle=Feel+Bad+Inc%3A+Errol+Morris+on+true+crime%2C+real+horror+and+ridiculous+habits&rft.date=2023-10-20&rft.aulast=Kemp&rft.aufirst=Ella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fletterboxd.com%2Fjournal%2Fthe-pigeon-tunnel-errol-morris-life-in-film-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.austinfilm.org/2016/10/1976-flashback-werner-herzog-errol-morris-plot-to-dig-up-ed-geins-mothers-grave/">"1976 Flashback: Werner Herzog and Errol Morris Plot to Dig Up Ed Gein's Mother's Grave"</a>. <i>Austin Film Society</i>. October 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Austin+Film+Society&rft.atitle=1976+Flashback%3A+Werner+Herzog+and+Errol+Morris+Plot+to+Dig+Up+Ed+Gein%27s+Mother%27s+Grave&rft.date=2016-10-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.austinfilm.org%2F2016%2F10%2F1976-flashback-werner-herzog-errol-morris-plot-to-dig-up-ed-geins-mothers-grave%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert1991" class="citation news cs1">Ebert, Roger (April 1, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/roger-ebert/ten-greatest-films-of-all-time">"Ten Greatest Films of All Time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200605174332/https://www.rogerebert.com/roger-ebert/ten-greatest-films-of-all-time">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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July 26, 1995. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccadp.org/DrDeath.htm">the original</a> on March 7, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dallas+Morning+News&rft.atitle=Groups+Expel+Psychiatrist+Known+for+Murder+Cases%3B+Witness+nicknamed+%27Dr.+Death%27+says+license+won%27t+be+affected+by+allegations&rft.date=1995-07-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccadp.org%2FDrDeath.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.newsbank.com/g/GooglePM/ST/lib00154,101B1DBE87233DDC.html">"Study: State relies too much on 'killer shrinks'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth_Star-Telegram" title="Fort Worth Star-Telegram">Fort Worth Star-Telegram</a></i>. March 31, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 11,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fort+Worth+Star-Telegram&rft.atitle=Study%3A+State+relies+too+much+on+%27killer+shrinks%27&rft.date=2004-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.newsbank.com%2Fg%2FGooglePM%2FST%2Flib00154%2C101B1DBE87233DDC.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111031150121/http://bombsite.com/issues/69/articles/2258">"BOMB Magazine — Errol Morris by Margot Livesey"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bombsite.com/issues/69/articles/2258">the original</a> on October 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BOMB+Magazine+%E2%80%94+Errol+Morris+by+Margot+Livesey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbombsite.com%2Fissues%2F69%2Farticles%2F2258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7FBb_B5J5c"><i>Errol Morris on Meeting Stephen Hawking</i></a>, March 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Errol+Morris+on+Meeting+Stephen+Hawking&rft.date=2014-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dd7FBb_B5J5c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorhead1997" class="citation news cs1">Moorhead, M. 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September 11, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Errol+Morris%27s+Oscar+Short+Film%3A+2002+Oscars&rft.date=2014-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DBEsoSR2npes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120708034453/http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/08/04/bruce-springsteen-errol-morris-and-werner-herzog-in-3-d-as-tiff-unveils-2010-docs/">"TIFF unveils 2010 docs: Bruce Springsteen, Errol Morris and Werner Herzog in 3D"</a>. <i>National Post</i>. August 4, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/08/04/bruce-springsteen-errol-morris-and-werner-herzog-in-3-d-as-tiff-unveils-2010-docs/">the original</a> on July 8, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=TIFF+unveils+2010+docs%3A+Bruce+Springsteen%2C+Errol+Morris+and+Werner+Herzog+in+3D&rft.date=2010-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farts.nationalpost.com%2F2010%2F08%2F04%2Fbruce-springsteen-errol-morris-and-werner-herzog-in-3-d-as-tiff-unveils-2010-docs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100819180140/http://www.collider.com/2010/03/30/new-details-on-errol-morris-next-documentary-tabloid">"New Details on Errol Morris' Next Documentary, TABLOID"</a>. <i>Collider</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.collider.com/2010/03/30/new-details-on-errol-morris-next-documentary-tabloid/">the original</a> on August 19, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collider&rft.atitle=New+Details+on+Errol+Morris%27+Next+Documentary%2C+TABLOID&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collider.com%2F2010%2F03%2F30%2Fnew-details-on-errol-morris-next-documentary-tabloid%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.errolmorris.com/commercials.html">"Errol Morris: Commercials"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Errol+Morris%3A+Commercials&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.errolmorris.com%2Fcommercials.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.errolmorris.com/content/editorial/nytimes105.html">"Errol Morris: Editorial"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Errol+Morris%3A+Editorial&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.errolmorris.com%2Fcontent%2Feditorial%2Fnytimes105.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.errolmorris.com/commercials/sharp.html">"Errol Morris: Commercials"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Errol+Morris%3A+Commercials&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.errolmorris.com%2Fcommercials%2Fsharp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJane_Levere2006" class="citation news cs1">Jane Levere (July 24, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/24/business/media/24adco.html">"Football Calls, and Reebok Responds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/category/errol-morris/">the original</a> on August 17, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopinionator.blogs.nytimes.com%2Fcategory%2Ferrol-morris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErrol_Morris2011" class="citation news cs1">Errol Morris (November 21, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/video/2011/11/21/opinion/100000001183275/the-umbrella-man.html">"The Umbrella Man"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=A+Jury+Said+Jeffrey+MacDonald+Killed+His+Wife+and+Kids.+So+Did+%2760+Minutes%27+and+a+Bestseller.+40+Years+Later%2C+Errol+Morris+Counters+With+500+Pages+of+Awkward+Questions.&rft.date=2012-09-04&rft.au=Jesse+Kornbluth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fjesse-kornbluth%2Fa-jury-said-jeffrey-macdo_b_1852292.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2020" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Laura (October 3, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/culture/2020/10/wilderness-of-error-finale-ending-errol-morris-interview.html">"Errol Morris Responds to the Wilderness of Error Finale"</a>. <i>Slate Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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New York, NY<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=See+the+25+New+Additions+to+the+National+Film+Registry%2C+From+Purple+Rain+to+Clerks&rft.date=2019-12-11&rft.aulast=Chow&rft.aufirst=Andrew+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F5747503%2Fnational-film-registry-2019-additions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErrol+Morris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Errol_Morris" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Errol Morris">Errol Morris</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.errolmorris.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001554/">Errol Morris</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://charlierose.com/videos/1390">Errol Morris</a> on <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Rose_(talk_show)" title="Charlie Rose (talk show)"><i>Charlie Rose</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://7thavenueproject.com/post/29494340948/errol-morris-confidential-part1">Errol Morris discusses his career on the 7th Avenue Project radio show</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/topic/person/errol-morris">Errol Morris</a> collected news and commentary at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/errol_morris">Errol Morris</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715031043/http://www.allrovi.com/name/errol-morris-p103562">Errol Morris</a> (Jonathan Crow, <a href="/wiki/Allmovie" class="mw-redirect" title="Allmovie">Allmovie</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060922114812/http://www.greencine.com/article?action=view&articleID=81">Errol Morris</a> (Nina Rehfeld, <a href="/wiki/GreenCine" title="GreenCine">GreenCine</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071226115908/http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/voices/transcript/?content=20070816"><i>Voices on Antisemitism</i> Interview with Errol Morris</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Holocaust_Memorial_Museum" title="United States Holocaust Memorial Museum">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebeliever.net/an-interview-with-werner-herzog/">Werner Herzog in conversation with Errol Morris</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Believer_(magazine)" title="The Believer (magazine)">The Believer</a></i>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracynow.org/2014/3/27/the_unknown_known_errol_morris_new">The Unknown Known: Errol Morris's New Doc Tackles Unrepentant Iraq War Architect Donald Rumsfeld</a>, a video interview on <i><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Now!" title="Democracy Now!">Democracy Now!</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cafe.com/bannon-the-f-you-presidency-with-errol-morris/">Bannon & The F You Presidency (with Errol Morris)</a> (Stay Tuned with Preet)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Errol_Morris" title="Template:Errol Morris"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Errol_Morris" title="Template talk:Errol Morris"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Errol_Morris" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Errol Morris"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Errol_Morris51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Errol Morris</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentary films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Heaven" title="Gates of Heaven">Gates of Heaven</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vernon,_Florida_(film)" title="Vernon, Florida (film)">Vernon, Florida</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(1988_film)" title="The Thin Blue Line (1988 film)">The Thin Blue Line</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Brief_History_of_Time_(film)" title="A Brief History of Time (film)">A Brief History of Time</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fast,_Cheap_%26_Out_of_Control" title="Fast, Cheap & Out of Control">Fast, Cheap & Out of Control</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Death:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Fred_A._Leuchter,_Jr." title="Mr. Death: The Rise and Fall of Fred A. Leuchter, Jr.">Mr. Death</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fog_of_War" title="The Fog of War">The Fog of War</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Standard_Operating_Procedure_(film)" title="Standard Operating Procedure (film)">Standard Operating Procedure</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tabloid_(film)" title="Tabloid (film)">Tabloid</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Unknown_Known" title="The Unknown Known">The Unknown Known</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_B-Side:_Elsa_Dorfman%27s_Portrait_Photography" title="The B-Side: Elsa Dorfman's Portrait Photography">The B-Side: Elsa Dorfman's Portrait Photography</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Dharma" title="American Dharma">American Dharma</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pigeon_Tunnel" title="The Pigeon Tunnel">The Pigeon Tunnel</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Separated_(film)" title="Separated (film)">Separated</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Feature films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Wind_(1991_film)" title="The Dark Wind (1991 film)">The Dark Wind</a></i> (1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Person_(2000_TV_series)" title="First Person (2000 TV series)">First Person</a></i> (TV series, 2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/They_Were_There" title="They Were There">They Were There</a></i> (short film, 2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Wilderness_of_Error" title="A Wilderness of Error">A Wilderness of Error</a></i> (book, 2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wormwood_(miniseries)" title="Wormwood (miniseries)">Wormwood</a></i> (miniseries, 2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ashtray_(Or_the_Man_Who_Denied_Reality)" title="The Ashtray (Or the Man Who Denied Reality)">The Ashtray (Or the Man Who Denied Reality)</a></i> (book, 2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Errol_Morris90" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Errol_Morris90" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Errol Morris</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Edgar_Allan_Poe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_Screenplay168" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Edgar_Allan_Poe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_Screenplay" title="Template:Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Edgar_Allan_Poe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Edgar_Allan_Poe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Edgar_Allan_Poe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_Screenplay168" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Edgar_Allan_Poe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_Screenplay_winners" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay winners">Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Paxton" title="John Paxton">John Paxton</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Veiller" title="Anthony Veiller">Anthony Veiller</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paxton" title="John Paxton">John Paxton</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Cady" title="Jerome Cady">Jerome Cady</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Dratler" title="Jay Dratler">Jay Dratler</a>, Leonard Hoffman, and <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Reynolds" title="Quentin Reynolds">Quentin Reynolds</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Dinelli" title="Mel Dinelli">Mel Dinelli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cornell_Woolrich" title="Cornell Woolrich">Cornell Woolrich</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Maddow" title="Ben Maddow">Ben Maddow</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otto_Lang_(film_producer)" title="Otto Lang (film producer)">Otto Lang</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Boehm" title="Sydney Boehm">Sydney Boehm</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Hayes" title="John Michael Hayes">John Michael Hayes</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hayes_(author)" title="Joseph Hayes (author)">Joseph Hayes</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Rose" title="Reginald Rose">Reginald Rose</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedrick_Young" title="Nedrick Young">Nathan E. Douglas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Jacob_Smith" title="Harold Jacob Smith">Harold Jacob Smith</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lehman" title="Ernest Lehman">Ernest Lehman</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stefano" title="Joseph Stefano">Joseph Stefano</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Archibald_(playwright)" title="William Archibald (playwright)">William Archibald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Truman_Capote" title="Truman Capote">Truman Capote</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Stone_(writer)" title="Peter Stone (writer)">Peter Stone</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Farrell" title="Henry Farrell">Henry Farrell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lukas_Heller" title="Lukas Heller">Lukas Heller</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dehn" title="Paul Dehn">Paul Dehn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guy_Trosper" title="Guy Trosper">Guy Trosper</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Goldman" title="William Goldman">William Goldman</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Silliphant" title="Stirling Silliphant">Stirling Silliphant</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Kleiner" title="Harry Kleiner">Harry Kleiner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Trustman" title="Alan Trustman">Alan Trustman</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa Gavras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Sempr%C3%BAn" title="Jorge Semprún">Jorge Semprún</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elio_Petri" title="Elio Petri">Elio Petri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ugo_Pirro" title="Ugo Pirro">Ugo Pirro</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Tidyman" title="Ernest Tidyman">Ernest Tidyman</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Shaffer_(writer)" title="Anthony Shaffer (writer)">Anthony Shaffer</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Perkins" title="Anthony Perkins">Anthony Perkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Towne" title="Robert Towne">Robert Towne</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Rayfiel" title="David Rayfiel">David Rayfiel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Semple_Jr." title="Lorenzo Semple Jr.">Lorenzo Semple, Jr.</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lehman" title="Ernest Lehman">Ernest Lehman</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Goldman" title="William Goldman">William Goldman</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Crichton" title="Michael Crichton">Michael Crichton</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wambaugh" title="Joseph Wambaugh">Joseph Wambaugh</a> (1981)</li> <li>Jeffrey Alan Fiskin (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrie_Keeffe" title="Barrie Keeffe">Barrie Keeffe</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Potter" title="Dennis Potter">Dennis Potter</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fuller" title="Charles Fuller">Charles Fuller</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kelley_(screenwriter)" title="William Kelley (screenwriter)">William Kelley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Earl_W._Wallace" title="Earl W. Wallace">Earl W. Wallace</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Max_Frye" title="E. Max Frye">E. Max Frye</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Kouf" title="Jim Kouf">Jim Kouf</a> (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Errol Morris</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Waters_(screenwriter)" title="Daniel Waters (screenwriter)">Daniel Waters</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_E._Westlake" title="Donald E. Westlake">Donald E. Westlake</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Tally" title="Ted Tally">Ted Tally</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Tolkin" title="Michael Tolkin">Michael Tolkin</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebbe_Roe_Smith" title="Ebbe Roe Smith">Ebbe Roe Smith</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_McQuarrie" title="Christopher McQuarrie">Christopher McQuarrie</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Bob_Thornton" title="Billy Bob Thornton">Billy Bob Thornton</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Frank" title="Scott Frank">Scott Frank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elmore_Leonard" title="Elmore Leonard">Elmore Leonard</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Ritchie" title="Guy Ritchie">Guy Ritchie</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gaghan" title="Stephen Gaghan">Stephen Gaghan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Simon_Moore_(writer)" title="Simon Moore (writer)">Simon Moore</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Condon" title="Bill Condon">Bill Condon</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Knight" title="Steven Knight">Steven Knight</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Jeunet" title="Jean-Pierre Jeunet">Jean-Pierre Jeunet</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Japrisot" title="Sébastien Japrisot">Sébastien Japrisot</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gaghan" title="Stephen Gaghan">Stephen Gaghan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Baer" title="Robert Baer">Robert Baer</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Monahan" title="William Monahan">William Monahan</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gilroy" title="Tony Gilroy">Tony Gilroy</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McDonagh" title="Martin McDonagh">Martin McDonagh</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Screenplay66" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #DCC09B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Screenplay" title="Template:Writers Guild of America Award for Best Documentary Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Writers Guild of America Award for Best Documentary Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Writers Guild of America Award for Best Documentary Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Screenplay66" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Screenplay" title="Writers Guild of America Award for Best Documentary Screenplay">Writers Guild of America Award for Best Documentary Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Spurlock" title="Morgan Spurlock">Morgan Spurlock</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gibney" title="Alex Gibney">Alex Gibney</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_J._Berg" title="Amy J. Berg">Amy J. Berg</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gibney" title="Alex Gibney">Alex Gibney</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ari_Folman" title="Ari Folman">Ari Folman</a> (2008)</li> <li>Mark Monroe (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ferguson_(filmmaker)" title="Charles Ferguson (filmmaker)">Charles Ferguson</a>, Chad Beck & Adam Bolt (2010)</li> <li>Katie Galloway & Kelly Duane de la Vega (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Bendjelloul" title="Malik Bendjelloul">Malik Bendjelloul</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Polley" title="Sarah Polley">Sarah Polley</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Knappenberger" title="Brian Knappenberger">Brian Knappenberger</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gibney" title="Alex Gibney">Alex Gibney</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kenner" title="Robert Kenner">Robert Kenner</a>, Brian Pearle, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Roberts_(filmmaker)" title="Kim Roberts (filmmaker)">Kim Roberts</a> & <a href="/wiki/Eric_Schlosser" title="Eric Schlosser">Eric Schlosser</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Morgen" title="Brett Morgen">Brett Morgen</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozzy_Inguanzo" title="Ozzy Inguanzo">Ozzy Inguanzo</a> & Dava Whisenant (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gibney" title="Alex Gibney">Alex Gibney</a> (2019)</li> <li>Mark Monroe & <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Fogel" title="Bryan Fogel">Bryan Fogel</a> (2020)</li> <li>Marc Shaffer (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Morgen" title="Brett Morgen">Brett Morgen</a> (2022)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Errol Morris</a> (2023)</li> <li>Mark Monroe (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977546#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2605" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977546#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2605" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977546#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000078399307">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/1181689">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/345036/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhddDwV6wJGVgFbtK4THC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/132735091">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no94030802">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14020291t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14020291t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0180961&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1553691">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p095913122">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90896657">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201229476">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810672683505606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007301177905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA18728158?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500114655">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/44450">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/agent/gnd_132735091">FID</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/132735091.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/132735091">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/057122415">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60q4m58">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&oldid=1274382419">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Errol_Morris&oldid=1274382419</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1948_births" 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