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3.162-1.179.633 1.581.23 2.76.115 3.048.733.805 1.179 1.825 1.179 3.09 0 4.413-2.688 5.39-5.247 5.678.417.36.776 1.05.776 2.128 0 1.538-.014 2.774-.014 3.162 0 .302.216.662.79.547C20.709 21.637 24 17.324 24 12.25 24 5.896 18.854.75 12.5.75Z"></path> </svg> </a> <div class="flex-1 flex-order-2 text-right"> <a href="/login?return_to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fresources%2Farticles%2Fsoftware-development%2Finnersource" class="HeaderMenu-link HeaderMenu-button d-inline-flex d-lg-none flex-order-1 f5 no-underline border color-border-default rounded-2 px-2 py-1 color-fg-inherit js-prevent-focus-on-mobile-nav" data-hydro-click="{"event_type":"authentication.click","payload":{"location_in_page":"site header menu","repository_id":null,"auth_type":"SIGN_UP","originating_url":"https://github.com/resources/articles/software-development/innersource","user_id":null}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="0a7622c6bbfe9c9716ffb9a3f87664aaab6c692ed6ee7561ae5c15bf0cabdf69" data-analytics-event="{"category":"Marketing 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data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copilot color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M23.922 16.992c-.861 1.495-5.859 5.023-11.922 5.023-6.063 0-11.061-3.528-11.922-5.023A.641.641 0 0 1 0 16.736v-2.869a.841.841 0 0 1 .053-.22c.372-.935 1.347-2.292 2.605-2.656.167-.429.414-1.055.644-1.517a10.195 10.195 0 0 1-.052-1.086c0-1.331.282-2.499 1.132-3.368.397-.406.89-.717 1.474-.952 1.399-1.136 3.392-2.093 6.122-2.093 2.731 0 4.767.957 6.166 2.093.584.235 1.077.546 1.474.952.85.869 1.132 2.037 1.132 3.368 0 .368-.014.733-.052 1.086.23.462.477 1.088.644 1.517 1.258.364 2.233 1.721 2.605 2.656a.832.832 0 0 1 .053.22v2.869a.641.641 0 0 1-.078.256ZM12.172 11h-.344a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355.508C10.703 12.455 9.555 13 7.965 13c-1.725 0-2.989-.359-3.782-1.259a2.005 2.005 0 0 1-.085-.104L4 11.741v6.585c1.435.779 4.514 2.179 8 2.179 3.486 0 6.565-1.4 8-2.179v-6.585l-.098-.104s-.033.045-.085.104c-.793.9-2.057 1.259-3.782 1.259-1.59 0-2.738-.545-3.508-1.492a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355-.508h-.016.016Zm.641-2.935c.136 1.057.403 1.913.878 2.497.442.544 1.134.938 2.344.938 1.573 0 2.292-.337 2.657-.751.384-.435.558-1.15.558-2.361 0-1.14-.243-1.847-.705-2.319-.477-.488-1.319-.862-2.824-1.025-1.487-.161-2.192.138-2.533.529-.269.307-.437.808-.438 1.578v.021c0 .265.021.562.063.893Zm-1.626 0c.042-.331.063-.628.063-.894v-.02c-.001-.77-.169-1.271-.438-1.578-.341-.391-1.046-.69-2.533-.529-1.505.163-2.347.537-2.824 1.025-.462.472-.705 1.179-.705 2.319 0 1.211.175 1.926.558 2.361.365.414 1.084.751 2.657.751 1.21 0 1.902-.394 2.344-.938.475-.584.742-1.44.878-2.497Z"></path><path d="M14.5 14.25a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-5 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">GitHub Copilot</div> Write better code with AI </div> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" 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</a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"actions","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"actions_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/features/actions"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-workflow color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M1 3a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6.5a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v6.5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7v4.063C7 16.355 7.644 17 8.438 17H12.5v-2.5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2H21a2 2 0 0 1 2 2V21a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-6.5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-2.5H8.437A2.939 2.939 0 0 1 5.5 15.562V11.5H3a2 2 0 0 1-2-2Zm2-.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V3a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5ZM14.5 14a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5V21a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5H21a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Actions</div> Automate any 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1.75h-9.69l-3.573 3.573A1.458 1.458 0 0 1 5 21.043V18.5H3.25a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75-1.75ZM3.25 4a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v12.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v3.19l3.72-3.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .53-.22h10a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V4.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Code Review</div> Manage code changes </div> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"discussions","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"discussions_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/features/discussions"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-comment-discussion color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M1.75 1h12.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v9.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 14H8.061l-2.574 2.573A1.458 1.458 0 0 1 3 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class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 pb-2 pb-lg-4 px-lg-4"> <div class="HeaderMenu-column"> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 pb-lg-3 mb-3 mb-lg-0 mb-lg-3"> <ul class="list-style-none f5" > <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"github_sponsors","context":"open_source","tag":"link","label":"github_sponsors_link_open_source_navbar"}" href="/sponsors"> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">GitHub Sponsors</div> Fund open source developers </div> </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 pb-lg-3 mb-3 mb-lg-0 mb-lg-3"> <ul class="list-style-none f5" > <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" 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viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1"> <path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path> </svg> </button> <div class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 pb-2 pb-lg-4 px-lg-4"> <div class="HeaderMenu-column"> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 pb-lg-3 mb-3 mb-lg-0 mb-lg-3"> <ul class="list-style-none f5" > <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"enterprise_platform","context":"enterprise","tag":"link","label":"enterprise_platform_link_enterprise_navbar"}" href="/enterprise"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-stack color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M11.063 1.456a1.749 1.749 0 0 1 1.874 0l8.383 5.316a1.751 1.751 0 0 1 0 2.956l-8.383 5.316a1.749 1.749 0 0 1-1.874 0L2.68 9.728a1.751 1.751 0 0 1 0-2.956Zm1.071 1.267a.25.25 0 0 0-.268 0L3.483 8.039a.25.25 0 0 0 0 .422l8.383 5.316a.25.25 0 0 0 .268 0l8.383-5.316a.25.25 0 0 0 0-.422Z"></path><path d="M1.867 12.324a.75.75 0 0 1 1.035-.232l8.964 5.685a.25.25 0 0 0 .268 0l8.964-5.685a.75.75 0 0 1 .804 1.267l-8.965 5.685a1.749 1.749 0 0 1-1.874 0l-8.965-5.685a.75.75 0 0 1-.231-1.035Z"></path><path d="M1.867 16.324a.75.75 0 0 1 1.035-.232l8.964 5.685a.25.25 0 0 0 .268 0l8.964-5.685a.75.75 0 0 1 .804 1.267l-8.965 5.685a1.749 1.749 0 0 1-1.874 0l-8.965-5.685a.75.75 0 0 1-.231-1.035Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Enterprise platform</div> AI-powered developer platform </div> </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 border-bottom-0"> <span 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method="post"><input type="hidden" data-csrf="true" name="authenticity_token" value="5OW6VVXKN8hbrFGYz5RFQfbcfsYRNbHHmC6qYn+1NyDzG3Lrx+k/pSLHLS3uWY72cb3e8oAUbGSaMClK18Tx0g==" /> <p>We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously.</p> <textarea name="feedback" class="form-control width-full mb-2" style="height: 120px" id="feedback"></textarea> <input name="include_email" id="include_email" aria-label="Include my email address so I can be contacted" class="form-control mr-2" type="checkbox"> <label for="include_email" style="font-weight: normal">Include my email address so I can be contacted</label> </form></div> </scrollable-region> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-footer Overlay-footer--alignEnd"> <button data-close-dialog-id="feedback-dialog" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="btn"> Cancel </button> <button form="code-search-feedback-form" data-action="click:qbsearch-input#submitFeedback" type="submit" data-view-component="true" 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see innersource as a way to improve efficiency through code reuse. But even beyond that, it's an amazing conduit for learning and exchanging ideas and facilitating innovation within IBM.","quote":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"We see innersource as a way to improve efficiency through code reuse. 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But understanding the principles, and potential challenges, is critical to success.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Many companies use the word “innersource” to describe how their engineering teams work together on code. Innersource is a development methodology where engineers build proprietary software using best practices from large-scale ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://github.com/resources/articles/software-development/what-is-open-source-software"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"open source","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" projects, like Kubernetes or Microsoft’s Visual Studio Code.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Large-scale open source projects require coordination and teamwork across thousands of contributors. The most successful ones are driven by a vision for their future, in addition to day-to-day user needs: speed, reliability, and functionality. The scale at which these operate can teach us a few lessons—and help your business build better software, faster using innersource.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"In this article, we’ll cover the basics of how teams use innersource in their daily workflows and apply open source practices to work collaboratively and efficiently.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"How to get started with innersource","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Beginning your journey to adopt innersource practices requires careful planning and a cultural shift. Start by identifying a pilot project that embodies the principles of collaboration and transparency. Define clear success criteria to measure progress, and encourage feedback from all participants.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Set Up the Foundations","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Establish Repository Settings","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Configure your repositories to ensure appropriate access for internal contributors. This promotes a culture of collaboration and makes code visible to all employees.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Automate Processes","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Use tools that automate tasks such as issue triage, code reviews, and release management to save time and reduce manual errors.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What makes a project open source?","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"GitHub is home to the largest open source community in the world. What our community builds spans the interests and skillsets of millions of contributors. Together, they work on programming languages like Apple’s Swift and frameworks like Facebook’s React.js—and they don’t just write code. Datasets, legal documentation, and more can also be open sourced.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Anyone can use open source software. They can also view, modify, and distribute a project for any purpose—as enforced by ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://opensource.org/licenses"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"open source licenses","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":". Similarly, anyone can help build open source software. In general, projects are developed by a community of distributed contributors who share code, feedback, bug reports, and more.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Best practices for this kind of open collaboration are fundamental to innersource, and we’ll spend the rest of this article going through a few key learnings, tools, and terms.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"To learn more about how people start and contribute to open source projects, check out ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://opensource.guide/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"our guides","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":".","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Lessons learned from the open source community","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your team builds software, you’re probably already building with or on someone else’s open source project. The community is rich with lessons on how to collaborate across time zones, rally contributors, and manage large, complex projects. Here are a few to keep in mind as you set up an innersource practice:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Open collaboration encourages more contributions","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"More contributions mean more opportunities. Open source projects can accept changes from anybody in the world. That’s a lot of brainpower dedicated to advancing a project, meeting user needs, and finding and fixing bugs.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Similarly, innersource brings more ideas to the table. Teams can more easily innovate—and with more people inspecting code for errors and inconsistencies, they can build securer, more reliable software. Problems are found and fixed before the wrong person discovers them.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Developers don’t always have to start from scratch","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Anyone can discover and reuse open source projects for nearly any reason. People can even use them to build other things or modify them to suit their specific needs.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Similarly, innersource code helps your team discover, customize, and reuse existing internal projects. They can also establish and build on a shared set of documented processes to optimize the way your company deploys and uses software. This can lead to lower cost, greater flexibility, and an end to vendor lock-in.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Transparent decision-making builds process, trust, and alignment","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Successful open source maintainers document their decisions by default. Because each conversation has its own URL and a history of comments for context, time zones matter less, and developers can work asynchronously without skipping a beat.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Opening up your projects brings a new level of transparency to your organization. Not only is the code visible but also the process and decision-making behind it. Well-documented conversations help developers on distributed teams get up to speed and start building. And with work happening in the open, collaboration can also include product managers, designers, security teams, and more.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Participation is critical","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The success of any open source project depends on participation. There are many built-in reasons to contribute—to improve skills, find a mentor, or build a reputation, for example—but project maintainers also need to create a community culture that welcomes and encourages participation.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Within an enterprise, individual developers can pursue their interests, share ideas on a level playing field, and more easily learn from their peers. However, innersource also requires a cultural shift. Your team’s culture will need to encourage knowledge sharing and welcome contributions from across your organization.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Core development teams strengthen a project’s process","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Open source projects may have thousands of contributors and community members, but a much smaller team is usually responsible for the project’s overall direction. This speeds up decision-making and ensures that someone’s always responsible.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"For innersource projects, distributing control across a smaller group of participants frequently makes approvals and reviews more effective. Creating a small, cross-functional team of decision makers can also help teams stick to quality standards and gain executive support.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"An open source community behind your firewall","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Innersource has been described in a variety of ways and developers in organizations that already engage with large open source communities may not use the term innersource at all. Instead, they think of it simply as the way they apply open source methodologies to software development behind their firewall.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Innersource does not imply reduced security or privacy. You don’t necessarily have to share proprietary software publicly or invite any outside individuals to view source code or access innersource projects. Companies can rest assured that any nonpublic code will remain securely within their environment—and only developers with appropriate permissions will be able to contribute.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"embedded-entry-block","data":{"target":{"sys":{"id":"1nPbwt1GAHhncnnIAlQpXC","type":"Link","linkType":"Entry"}}},"content":[]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Adopting innersource practices is like starting an open source community within your organization. As with open source, transparent collaboration mobilizes a community’s collective knowledge and skills to create better software. An innersource community, in contrast, contains the knowledge, skills, and abilities of people and tools within a single enterprise.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Enhancing Collaboration","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Encourage participation to foster a collaborative environment, ensure that all employees can raise bugs and feature requests. Create a culture where contributions from any team member are welcomed, regardless of their role.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Make all internal software projects accessible to everyone within the organization. This transparency encourages knowledge sharing and allows teams to leverage existing solutions rather than reinventing the wheel.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Why do companies adopt it?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"As businesses evolve and differentiate their products and services with software and data—or recognize software and data is their product or service—they quickly realize that traditional development methods and tooling don’t quite work. The slow, systematic practice of gathering requirements, holding meetings, and developing in silos is not in step with the pace of technology today—or even the pace of customer demands. So how can businesses keep up?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Innersource helps teams build software faster and work better together—resulting in higher-quality development and better documentation. It also can help companies become more efficient by:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Making it easy to find and reuse code on a broad scale, avoiding wasted resources and duplication","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Driving rapid development, regardless of company size","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Reducing silos and simplifying collaboration throughout the entire organization—inside and between teams and functions, as well as across teams and business lines","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Increasing clarity between engineers and management, as well as anyone else who’s interested","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Creating a culture of openness, a precursor to open source participation","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Reinforcing the pride, growth, and job satisfaction felt by team members who help wherever there is a need","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Leading companies like PayPal, Bloomberg, and Walmart use innersource to build software for their teams and their customers. It provides them with a unique competitive advantage and helps them stay relevant by adopting recognized best practices.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"embedded-entry-block","data":{"target":{"sys":{"id":"564jBTXoyLjcRgUWwW87ug","type":"Link","linkType":"Entry"}}},"content":[]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Rewarding Contributions","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Create mechanisms to reward collaboration, such as acknowledging contributions in team meetings or including collaboration metrics in performance reviews. Recognition can motivate team members to engage more actively in innersource projects.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Encourage developers to share their knowledge and skills by organizing regular workshops or coding sessions. This not only improves team cohesion but also enhances the overall developer experience.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The anatomy of an innersource project","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The right mix of individuals, teams, and resources can ensure a project’s success. Many open source projects follow a similar organizational structure—one you may want to consider when setting up cross-functional teams to manage your company’s innersource projects. A typical open source project has the following types of people:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Maintainers","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Contributors who are responsible for driving the vision and managing the organizational aspects of the project. 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They might be active in conversations or express their opinion on the project’s direction.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Bigger projects may also have subcommittees or working groups focused on different tasks, such as tooling, triage, and community moderation.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Innersource projects are likely to follow a similar structure. Many engineering organizations sort developers into teams like application engineering, platform engineering, and web development. Structuring organizations in this way can leave blind spots that exclude qualified people. Organizing a core decision-making group supported by teams across your organization can help rally the expertise necessary to solve a given problem faster.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Within an enterprise, “contributors” are developers across your company, while “maintainers” are a project’s leaders and key decision makers.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Maintainers","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Developers, product managers, and other key decision makers within your company who are responsible for driving a project’s vision and for managing day-to-day contributions.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Contributors","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Developers, data scientists, product managers, marketers, and other roles within your company that help drive software forward. Contributors are not necessarily part of the direct project team but help build software by contributing code, submitting bug fixes, and more.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tools of the trade","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Here are a few tools that drive open source development on GitHub. They’ll also be key components of any innersource project.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Issues","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Issues are where developers bring up topics and start conversations. If someone finds a bug or has an idea for a new feature, an issue is a great place to start—and anyone with access to it can join in on the discussion. ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://help.github.com/articles/about-issues/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Learn more about issues","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":".","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Pull requests","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Pull requests are living conversations about changes that developers would like to make to a project. They’re where people start working on solutions and review changes that are in progress. ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://help.github.com/articles/about-pull-requests/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Learn more about pull requests","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":".","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Synchronous chat channels","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Sometimes teams need to make quick decisions. Synchronous chat channels like Slack are complementary to discussions and comments on GitHub and great for talking through problems in real time.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"There are hundreds of tools available to use with GitHub that can help your team work better, from project management to ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://resources.github.com/ci-cd"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"continuous integration and deployment","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" services. ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://github.com/marketplace"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"See them all","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":".","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"embedded-entry-block","data":{"target":{"sys":{"id":"6t4n6iOMc8tOpmWsVV6xwp","type":"Link","linkType":"Entry"}}},"content":[]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Is it right for your organization?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Innersourcing is as much a cultural shift as it is a technological one—and it’s important not to underestimate what a challenge this can pose to some organizations. Like their open source counterparts, innersource projects thrive in places where efforts naturally lean toward discoverability and reuse. It also helps to have small, cross-functional communities of the organization that share similar interests and expertise.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"In general, there are a few factors to look for that can help you decide whether to start innersourcing your work—and kickstart the planning process:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Your company has a vision for your projects that is both realistic and shared across teams. Projects should have clearly defined problems and opportunities to be addressed.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Key participants (initiators, catalysts, evangelists) in projects you plan to innersource have experience working collaboratively.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"You have a plan to onboard and acclimate new “contributors” and other participants into your process.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Your team has the tools and processes to communicate openly and build consistently.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"You’re able to start with an intra-organizational group of people with defined shared goals.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Innersource can shift how individuals see themselves and their responsibilities, making organizational structure an important consideration. An effective innersource process should be informal, mentored, self-selecting, and supportive of its participants.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"To effectively adopt innersource practices, contributors need to be able to work easily across silos and other organizational divisions. The degree to which an organization supports knowledge-sharing initiatives can be a good indication of how well they’ll be able to adapt.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"These are just a few questions to help assess how ready your team is. If you’re answering “yes” to many of these, you may be ready to start an innersource program at your company:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Does our organization have an open and transparent culture?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Do we develop software on a single, open platform?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Are our engineering initiatives well resourced and supported by leadership teams?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Do developers at our organization have enough autonomy to contribute to projects outside their immediate teams?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Does our company participate in the open source community?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Does our engineering team use continuous integration tools?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Are there pre-existing, cross-functional communities that work across teams at our company?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If yes, do these communities have built-in leadership?","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Every company is different, and none of these should be seen as prerequisites for an organization to adopt innersource. In general, you should start innersource practices when you feel there’s enough trust between teams across your organization to have others view, contribute to, and give feedback on their work. Many companies choose to begin with a pilot program and then decide what’s best for them.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"embedded-entry-block","data":{"target":{"sys":{"id":"7pTgIwLacBhdn3Jhc1bnqw","type":"Link","linkType":"Entry"}}},"content":[]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Measuring Success","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Implement metrics to track the activity and quality of innersource contributions. Monitor the number of contributions, pull requests, and feedback received to assess the effectiveness of your innersource initiatives.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Regularly review the success of your innersource programs. Gather feedback from participants and adjust your strategies as needed to improve collaboration and efficiency.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Real-World Examples","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"3M","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Utilizes GitHub to streamline innersource initiatives, promoting collaboration and reducing redundancy across teams.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Otto Group","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Advances innersource practices across 18 group companies, enhancing collective knowledge sharing and software improvement.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Societe Generale","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Embraces innersource alongside self-service strategies to accelerate their software development processes.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Booz Allen Hamilton","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Creates an innersource culture","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Ready to get started?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Companies often kick off their innersource programs by starting small. Pilot projects can help teams experiment with more open processes, democratize access to code, and document best practices before applying innersource more widely. Small successes can help show your internal community of developers how to make the most of their code and ship better software, faster.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The way software is built is fundamentally different than it was a decade ago. Innersource is one approach to modernizing your processes, speeding up development, overcoming organizational barriers, and improving the quality of your software. As the largest open source community in the world, GitHub is where open source best practices start. Together, we can change the way your team builds.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}}},{"metadata":{"tags":[],"concepts":[]},"sys":{"space":{"sys":{"type":"Link","linkType":"Space","id":"8aevphvgewt8"}},"id":"5sEPhpN099ICQhS2FnAjYB","type":"Entry","createdAt":"2024-07-12T19:08:33.630Z","updatedAt":"2024-07-29T11:22:42.057Z","environment":{"sys":{"id":"master","type":"Link","linkType":"Environment"}},"publishedVersion":5,"revision":2,"contentType":{"sys":{"type":"Link","linkType":"ContentType","id":"pageSeo"}},"locale":"en-US"},"fields":{"title":"/resources/articles/software-development/innersource","description":"Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own 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market.","quote":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Innersource is not new to Bloomberg … our competitive advantage is really in being able to innovate come up with new ideas and get them out to our specialized consumers on a regular basis at the speed that they require it to be competitive in the market.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"caption":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Panna Pavangadkar, Global Head of Engineering Developer Experience, Bloomberg","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}}},{"metadata":{"tags":[],"concepts":[]},"sys":{"space":{"sys":{"type":"Link","linkType":"Space","id":"8aevphvgewt8"}},"id":"7pTgIwLacBhdn3Jhc1bnqw","type":"Entry","createdAt":"2024-07-12T19:08:33.594Z","updatedAt":"2024-07-12T19:08:33.594Z","environment":{"sys":{"id":"master","type":"Link","linkType":"Environment"}},"publishedVersion":3,"revision":1,"contentType":{"sys":{"type":"Link","linkType":"ContentType","id":"primerComponentBlockquote"}},"locale":"en-US"},"fields":{"title":"Once you embrace it [innersource] and see new teams come on, you show examples of places where not only can people contribute, you unlock bottlenecks.","quote":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Once you embrace it [innersource] and see new teams come on, you show examples of places where not only can people contribute, you unlock 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6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="TableofContents-module__tableOfContentsNav--m47_w "><ol class="TableofContents-module__tableOfContentsList--si7P_"><li><a data-analytics-event="{"action":"how_to_get_started_with_innersource","tag":"link","context":"anchor_link","location":"table_of_contents","label":"how_to_get_started_with_innersource_link_anchor_link_table_of_contents"}" data-ref="table-of-contents-list-item-link-5iCwNEq0Um6oCEi4PYxrZc-how-to-get-started-with-innersource" href="#how-to-get-started-with-innersource" class="TableofContents-module__linkButton--NFOgJ TableofContents-module__tableOfContentsListItem--zoxo4"><span class="Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text___pecHN Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text-font--mona-sans___GpzSG Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--muted___lTaVa Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--100___csEom Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--weight-normal___siVLX TableofContents-module__listItemText--ihBEh">How to get started with innersource</span></a></li><li><a data-analytics-event="{"action":"lessons_learned_from_the_open_source_community","tag":"link","context":"anchor_link","location":"table_of_contents","label":"lessons_learned_from_the_open_source_community_link_anchor_link_table_of_contents"}" data-ref="table-of-contents-list-item-link-5iCwNEq0Um6oCEi4PYxrZc-lessons-learned-from-the-open-source-community" href="#lessons-learned-from-the-open-source-community" class="TableofContents-module__linkButton--NFOgJ TableofContents-module__tableOfContentsListItem--zoxo4"><span class="Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text___pecHN Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text-font--mona-sans___GpzSG Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--muted___lTaVa Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--100___csEom Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--weight-normal___siVLX TableofContents-module__listItemText--ihBEh">Lessons learned from the open source community</span></a></li><li><a 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Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--100___csEom Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--weight-normal___siVLX TableofContents-module__listItemText--ihBEh">Ready to get started?</span></a></li></ol></div></div><div class="Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-paddingBlockStart--8___TNzCC Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-borderBlockStartWidth--thin___y3sZf Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-borderColor--muted___S3wPy Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-borderStyle--solid___ejOCw TableofContents-module__tableOfContentsFeaturesBox--dKTWP"><h3 class="Primer_Brand__Heading-module__Heading___IVpmp Primer_Brand__Heading-module__Heading-font--monospace___dFpiK Primer_Brand__Heading-module__Heading--subhead-medium___Pik5E Primer_Brand__Heading-module__Heading--weight-medium___II172 FeaturedContent-module__asideHeading--dlmfU">Featured</h3><div class="Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-marginBlockStart--24___puxKK"><div class="Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-marginBlockEnd--4___uZDEK"><h4 class="Primer_Brand__Heading-module__Heading___IVpmp Primer_Brand__Heading-module__Heading-font--mona-sans___SCnTx Primer_Brand__Heading-module__Heading--subhead-medium___Pik5E">GitHub’s DevOps Solution</h4></div><p class="Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text___pecHN Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text-font--mona-sans___GpzSG Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--muted___lTaVa Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--100___csEom">Learn why 90% of the Fortune 100 use GitHub to build, scale, and deliver secure software.</p></div><div class="Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-marginBlockStart--16___plaHc"><a class="Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button___lDruK Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button--primary___xIC7G Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button--size-small___iNTn1" data-analytics-event="{"action":"start_your_journey_with_github","tag":"button","context":"featured_CTA","location":"table_of_contents","label":"start_your_journey_with_github_button_featured_CTA_table_of_contents"}" data-ref="featured-content-cta-6ZAuiUwR9hiOyLxprdTRJ5" href="https://github.com/solutions/devops"><span class="Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button__text___Z3ocU"><span class="Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text___pecHN Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text-font--mona-sans___GpzSG Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--default___DChoE Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--100___csEom Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--weight-semibold___Ns19j Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button--label___lUBc0 Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button--label-primary___Leisi">Start your journey with GitHub</span></span><span class="Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button__trailing-visual___zg8jd"><svg class="Primer_Brand__ExpandableArrow-module__ExpandableArrow___rkfek Primer_Brand__Button-module__Button-arrow___SkJXQ" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-testid="Button-expandable-arrow"><path fill="currentColor" d="M7.28033 3.21967C6.98744 2.92678 6.51256 2.92678 6.21967 3.21967C5.92678 3.51256 5.92678 3.98744 6.21967 4.28033L7.28033 3.21967ZM11 8L11.5303 8.53033C11.8232 8.23744 11.8232 7.76256 11.5303 7.46967L11 8ZM6.21967 11.7197C5.92678 12.0126 5.92678 12.4874 6.21967 12.7803C6.51256 13.0732 6.98744 13.0732 7.28033 12.7803L6.21967 11.7197ZM6.21967 4.28033L10.4697 8.53033L11.5303 7.46967L7.28033 3.21967L6.21967 4.28033ZM10.4697 7.46967L6.21967 11.7197L7.28033 12.7803L11.5303 8.53033L10.4697 7.46967Z"></path><path class="Primer_Brand__ExpandableArrow-module__ExpandableArrow-stem___g4mdy" stroke="currentColor" d="M1.75 8H11" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></span></a></div></div></div></nav></aside></div><div class="Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column___HTpsw Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column--xsmall-span-12___brXS7 Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column--large-span-9___aamnY Article-module__articleCol--oHHFj"><div class="Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid___q48mT" data-testid="Grid-:R3dtb:"><div class="Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column___HTpsw Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column--xsmall-span-12___brXS7 Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column--large-span-11___mDo3B"><div class="Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-narrow-marginBlockEnd--24___oh65t Primer_Brand__Box-module__Box-wide-marginBlockEnd--48___X5ONp"><header><p class="Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text___pecHN Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text-font--hubot-sans___l0tzF Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--default___DChoE Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--500___orDRu Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--weight-medium___E0iQL Lede-module__lede--Z6dMJ">Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software.</p><p class="Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text___pecHN Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text-font--hubot-sans___l0tzF Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--default___DChoE Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--500___orDRu Primer_Brand__Text-module__Text--weight-medium___E0iQL Lede-module__lede--Z6dMJ"></p></header></div></div></div><div><div class="Primer_Brand__Prose-module__Prose___X2BXE Primer_Brand__Prose-module__Prose--lineLength___ws7gn Primer_Brand__Prose-module__Prose--editorial___DtuDo"><p>Adopting this modern approach to software development can be transformative—enabling collaboration and fostering the creation of high quality code. But understanding the principles, and potential challenges, is critical to success.</p><p>Many companies use the word “innersource” to describe how their engineering teams work together on code. Innersource is a development methodology where engineers build proprietary software using best practices from large-scale <a href="https://github.com/resources/articles/software-development/what-is-open-source-software" data-analytics-event={"action":"open_source","tag":"hyperlink","label":"open_source_hyperlink_null_null"} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">open source</a> projects, like Kubernetes or Microsoft’s Visual Studio Code.</p><p>Large-scale open source projects require coordination and teamwork across thousands of contributors. The most successful ones are driven by a vision for their future, in addition to day-to-day user needs: speed, reliability, and functionality. The scale at which these operate can teach us a few lessons—and help your business build better software, faster using innersource.</p><p>In this article, we’ll cover the basics of how teams use innersource in their daily workflows and apply open source practices to work collaboratively and efficiently.</p><h2 id="how-to-get-started-with-innersource">How to get started with innersource</h2><p>Beginning your journey to adopt innersource practices requires careful planning and a cultural shift. Start by identifying a pilot project that embodies the principles of collaboration and transparency. Define clear success criteria to measure progress, and encourage feedback from all participants.</p><p><b>Set Up the Foundations</b></p><ul><li><p><b>Establish Repository Settings</b>: Configure your repositories to ensure appropriate access for internal contributors. This promotes a culture of collaboration and makes code visible to all employees.</p></li><li><p><b>Automate Processes</b>: Use tools that automate tasks such as issue triage, code reviews, and release management to save time and reduce manual errors.</p></li></ul><p><b>What makes a project open source?</b></p><p>GitHub is home to the largest open source community in the world. What our community builds spans the interests and skillsets of millions of contributors. Together, they work on programming languages like Apple’s Swift and frameworks like Facebook’s React.js—and they don’t just write code. Datasets, legal documentation, and more can also be open sourced.</p><p>Anyone can use open source software. They can also view, modify, and distribute a project for any purpose—as enforced by <a href="https://opensource.org/licenses" data-analytics-event={"action":"open_source_licenses","tag":"hyperlink","label":"open_source_licenses_hyperlink_null_null"} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">open source licenses</a>. Similarly, anyone can help build open source software. In general, projects are developed by a community of distributed contributors who share code, feedback, bug reports, and more.</p><p>Best practices for this kind of open collaboration are fundamental to innersource, and we’ll spend the rest of this article going through a few key learnings, tools, and terms.</p><p><b>To learn more about how people start and contribute to open source projects, check out </b><a href="https://opensource.guide/" data-analytics-event={"action":"our_guides","tag":"hyperlink","label":"our_guides_hyperlink_null_null"} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><b>our guides</b></a>.</p><h2 id="lessons-learned-from-the-open-source-community">Lessons learned from the open source community</h2><p>If your team builds software, you’re probably already building with or on someone else’s open source project. The community is rich with lessons on how to collaborate across time zones, rally contributors, and manage large, complex projects. Here are a few to keep in mind as you set up an innersource practice:</p><p><b>Open collaboration encourages more contributions</b></p><p>More contributions mean more opportunities. Open source projects can accept changes from anybody in the world. That’s a lot of brainpower dedicated to advancing a project, meeting user needs, and finding and fixing bugs.</p><p>Similarly, innersource brings more ideas to the table. Teams can more easily innovate—and with more people inspecting code for errors and inconsistencies, they can build securer, more reliable software. Problems are found and fixed before the wrong person discovers them.</p><p><b>Developers don’t always have to start from scratch</b></p><p>Anyone can discover and reuse open source projects for nearly any reason. People can even use them to build other things or modify them to suit their specific needs.</p><p>Similarly, innersource code helps your team discover, customize, and reuse existing internal projects. They can also establish and build on a shared set of documented processes to optimize the way your company deploys and uses software. This can lead to lower cost, greater flexibility, and an end to vendor lock-in.</p><p><b>Transparent decision-making builds process, trust, and alignment</b></p><p>Successful open source maintainers document their decisions by default. Because each conversation has its own URL and a history of comments for context, time zones matter less, and developers can work asynchronously without skipping a beat.</p><p>Opening up your projects brings a new level of transparency to your organization. Not only is the code visible but also the process and decision-making behind it. Well-documented conversations help developers on distributed teams get up to speed and start building. And with work happening in the open, collaboration can also include product managers, designers, security teams, and more.</p><p><b>Participation is critical</b></p><p>The success of any open source project depends on participation. There are many built-in reasons to contribute—to improve skills, find a mentor, or build a reputation, for example—but project maintainers also need to create a community culture that welcomes and encourages participation.</p><p>Within an enterprise, individual developers can pursue their interests, share ideas on a level playing field, and more easily learn from their peers. However, innersource also requires a cultural shift. Your team’s culture will need to encourage knowledge sharing and welcome contributions from across your organization.</p><p><b>Core development teams strengthen a project’s process</b></p><p>Open source projects may have thousands of contributors and community members, but a much smaller team is usually responsible for the project’s overall direction. This speeds up decision-making and ensures that someone’s always responsible.</p><p>For innersource projects, distributing control across a smaller group of participants frequently makes approvals and reviews more effective. Creating a small, cross-functional team of decision makers can also help teams stick to quality standards and gain executive support.</p><h2 id="an-open-source-community-behind-your-firewall">An open source community behind your firewall</h2><p>Innersource has been described in a variety of ways and developers in organizations that already engage with large open source communities may not use the term innersource at all. Instead, they think of it simply as the way they apply open source methodologies to software development behind their firewall.</p><p>Innersource does not imply reduced security or privacy. You don’t necessarily have to share proprietary software publicly or invite any outside individuals to view source code or access innersource projects. Companies can rest assured that any nonpublic code will remain securely within their environment—and only developers with appropriate permissions will be able to contribute.</p><figure><blockquote><p>What we're seeing now is the technology has caught up with all these ideas of innovation and collaboration, and that's really critical for us.</p><figcaption>Joan Watson, Research and Development IT, Emerging Tech and Business Engagement, DXC Technology</figcaption></blockquote></figure><p>Adopting innersource practices is like starting an open source community within your organization. As with open source, transparent collaboration mobilizes a community’s collective knowledge and skills to create better software. An innersource community, in contrast, contains the knowledge, skills, and abilities of people and tools within a single enterprise.</p><p><b>Enhancing Collaboration</b></p><p>Encourage participation to foster a collaborative environment, ensure that all employees can raise bugs and feature requests. Create a culture where contributions from any team member are welcomed, regardless of their role.</p><p>Make all internal software projects accessible to everyone within the organization. This transparency encourages knowledge sharing and allows teams to leverage existing solutions rather than reinventing the wheel.</p><h2 id="why-do-companies-adopt-it">Why do companies adopt it?</h2><p>As businesses evolve and differentiate their products and services with software and data—or recognize software and data is their product or service—they quickly realize that traditional development methods and tooling don’t quite work. The slow, systematic practice of gathering requirements, holding meetings, and developing in silos is not in step with the pace of technology today—or even the pace of customer demands. So how can businesses keep up?</p><p>Innersource helps teams build software faster and work better together—resulting in higher-quality development and better documentation. It also can help companies become more efficient by:</p><ul><li><p>Making it easy to find and reuse code on a broad scale, avoiding wasted resources and duplication</p></li><li><p>Driving rapid development, regardless of company size</p></li><li><p>Reducing silos and simplifying collaboration throughout the entire organization—inside and between teams and functions, as well as across teams and business lines</p></li><li><p>Increasing clarity between engineers and management, as well as anyone else who’s interested</p></li><li><p>Creating a culture of openness, a precursor to open source participation</p></li><li><p>Reinforcing the pride, growth, and job satisfaction felt by team members who help wherever there is a need</p></li></ul><p>Leading companies like PayPal, Bloomberg, and Walmart use innersource to build software for their teams and their customers. It provides them with a unique competitive advantage and helps them stay relevant by adopting recognized best practices.</p><figure><blockquote><p>We see innersource as a way to improve efficiency through code reuse. But even beyond that, it's an amazing conduit for learning and exchanging ideas and facilitating innovation within IBM.</p><figcaption>Jeff Jagoda, Senior Software Engineer, IBM</figcaption></blockquote></figure><p><b>Rewarding Contributions</b></p><p>Create mechanisms to reward collaboration, such as acknowledging contributions in team meetings or including collaboration metrics in performance reviews. Recognition can motivate team members to engage more actively in innersource projects.</p><p>Encourage developers to share their knowledge and skills by organizing regular workshops or coding sessions. This not only improves team cohesion but also enhances the overall developer experience.</p><h2 id="the-anatomy-of-an-innersource-project">The anatomy of an innersource project</h2><p>The right mix of individuals, teams, and resources can ensure a project’s success. Many open source projects follow a similar organizational structure—one you may want to consider when setting up cross-functional teams to manage your company’s innersource projects. A typical open source project has the following types of people:</p><ul><li><p><b>Maintainers</b>: Contributors who are responsible for driving the vision and managing the organizational aspects of the project. They are not necessarily the original owners or authors of the code.</p></li><li><p><b>Contributors</b>: Everyone who has contributed something back to the project.</p></li><li><p><b>Community members</b>: People who use the project. They might be active in conversations or express their opinion on the project’s direction.</p></li></ul><p>Bigger projects may also have subcommittees or working groups focused on different tasks, such as tooling, triage, and community moderation.</p><p>Innersource projects are likely to follow a similar structure. Many engineering organizations sort developers into teams like application engineering, platform engineering, and web development. Structuring organizations in this way can leave blind spots that exclude qualified people. Organizing a core decision-making group supported by teams across your organization can help rally the expertise necessary to solve a given problem faster.</p><p>Within an enterprise, “contributors” are developers across your company, while “maintainers” are a project’s leaders and key decision makers.</p><ul><li><p><b>Maintainers</b>: Developers, product managers, and other key decision makers within your company who are responsible for driving a project’s vision and for managing day-to-day contributions.</p></li><li><p><b>Contributors</b>: Developers, data scientists, product managers, marketers, and other roles within your company that help drive software forward. Contributors are not necessarily part of the direct project team but help build software by contributing code, submitting bug fixes, and more.</p></li></ul><h2 id="tools-of-the-trade">Tools of the trade</h2><p>Here are a few tools that drive open source development on GitHub. They’ll also be key components of any innersource project.</p><ul><li><p><b>Issues</b>: Issues are where developers bring up topics and start conversations. If someone finds a bug or has an idea for a new feature, an issue is a great place to start—and anyone with access to it can join in on the discussion. <a href="https://help.github.com/articles/about-issues/" data-analytics-event={"action":"learn_more_about_issues","tag":"hyperlink","label":"learn_more_about_issues_hyperlink_null_null"} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Learn more about issues</a>.</p></li><li><p><b>Pull requests</b>: Pull requests are living conversations about changes that developers would like to make to a project. They’re where people start working on solutions and review changes that are in progress. <a href="https://help.github.com/articles/about-pull-requests/" data-analytics-event={"action":"learn_more_about_pull_requests","tag":"hyperlink","label":"learn_more_about_pull_requests_hyperlink_null_null"} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Learn more about pull requests</a>.</p></li><li><p><b>Synchronous chat channels</b>: Sometimes teams need to make quick decisions. Synchronous chat channels like Slack are complementary to discussions and comments on GitHub and great for talking through problems in real time.</p></li></ul><p>There are hundreds of tools available to use with GitHub that can help your team work better, from project management to <a href="https://resources.github.com/ci-cd" data-analytics-event={"action":"continuous_integration_and_deployment","tag":"hyperlink","label":"continuous_integration_and_deployment_hyperlink_null_null"} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">continuous integration and deployment</a> services. <a href="https://github.com/marketplace" data-analytics-event={"action":"see_them_all","tag":"hyperlink","label":"see_them_all_hyperlink_null_null"} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">See them all</a>.</p><figure><blockquote><p>Innersource is not new to Bloomberg … our competitive advantage is really in being able to innovate come up with new ideas and get them out to our specialized consumers on a regular basis at the speed that they require it to be competitive in the market.</p><figcaption>Panna Pavangadkar, Global Head of Engineering Developer Experience, Bloomberg</figcaption></blockquote></figure><h2 id="is-it-right-for-your-organization">Is it right for your organization?</h2><p>Innersourcing is as much a cultural shift as it is a technological one—and it’s important not to underestimate what a challenge this can pose to some organizations. Like their open source counterparts, innersource projects thrive in places where efforts naturally lean toward discoverability and reuse. It also helps to have small, cross-functional communities of the organization that share similar interests and expertise.</p><p>In general, there are a few factors to look for that can help you decide whether to start innersourcing your work—and kickstart the planning process:</p><ul><li><p>Your company has a vision for your projects that is both realistic and shared across teams. Projects should have clearly defined problems and opportunities to be addressed.</p></li><li><p>Key participants (initiators, catalysts, evangelists) in projects you plan to innersource have experience working collaboratively.</p></li><li><p>You have a plan to onboard and acclimate new “contributors” and other participants into your process.</p></li><li><p>Your team has the tools and processes to communicate openly and build consistently.</p></li><li><p>You’re able to start with an intra-organizational group of people with defined shared goals.</p></li></ul><p>Innersource can shift how individuals see themselves and their responsibilities, making organizational structure an important consideration. An effective innersource process should be informal, mentored, self-selecting, and supportive of its participants.</p><p>To effectively adopt innersource practices, contributors need to be able to work easily across silos and other organizational divisions. The degree to which an organization supports knowledge-sharing initiatives can be a good indication of how well they’ll be able to adapt.</p><p>These are just a few questions to help assess how ready your team is. If you’re answering “yes” to many of these, you may be ready to start an innersource program at your company:</p><ul><li><p>Does our organization have an open and transparent culture?</p></li><li><p>Do we develop software on a single, open platform?</p></li><li><p>Are our engineering initiatives well resourced and supported by leadership teams?</p></li><li><p>Do developers at our organization have enough autonomy to contribute to projects outside their immediate teams?</p></li><li><p>Does our company participate in the open source community?</p></li><li><p>Does our engineering team use continuous integration tools?</p></li><li><p>Are there pre-existing, cross-functional communities that work across teams at our company?</p></li><li><p>If yes, do these communities have built-in leadership?</p></li></ul><p>Every company is different, and none of these should be seen as prerequisites for an organization to adopt innersource. In general, you should start innersource practices when you feel there’s enough trust between teams across your organization to have others view, contribute to, and give feedback on their work. Many companies choose to begin with a pilot program and then decide what’s best for them.</p><figure><blockquote><p>Once you embrace it [innersource] and see new teams come on, you show examples of places where not only can people contribute, you unlock bottlenecks.</p><figcaption>Jeremy King, Executive Vice President & Chief Technology Officer for Global eCommerce, Walmart</figcaption></blockquote></figure><h2 id="measuring-success">Measuring Success</h2><p>Implement metrics to track the activity and quality of innersource contributions. Monitor the number of contributions, pull requests, and feedback received to assess the effectiveness of your innersource initiatives.</p><p>Regularly review the success of your innersource programs. Gather feedback from participants and adjust your strategies as needed to improve collaboration and efficiency.</p><h3 id="breal-world-examplesb"><b>Real-World Examples</b></h3><ul><li><p><b>3M</b>: Utilizes GitHub to streamline innersource initiatives, promoting collaboration and reducing redundancy across teams.</p></li><li><p><b>Otto Group</b>: Advances innersource practices across 18 group companies, enhancing collective knowledge sharing and software improvement.</p></li><li><p><b>Societe Generale</b>: Embraces innersource alongside self-service strategies to accelerate their software development processes.</p></li><li><p><b>Booz Allen Hamilton</b>: Creates an innersource culture</p></li></ul><h2 id="ready-to-get-started">Ready to get started?</h2><p>Companies often kick off their innersource programs by starting small. Pilot projects can help teams experiment with more open processes, democratize access to code, and document best practices before applying innersource more widely. Small successes can help show your internal community of developers how to make the most of their code and ship better software, faster.</p><p>The way software is built is fundamentally different than it was a decade ago. Innersource is one approach to modernizing your processes, speeding up development, overcoming organizational barriers, and improving the quality of your software. As the largest open source community in the world, GitHub is where open source best practices start. Together, we can change the way your team builds.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid___q48mT" data-testid="Grid-:R7tb:"><div class="Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column___HTpsw Primer_Brand__Grid-module__Grid__column--span-12___Tn1Hg"></div></div></div></article></div></section></div></div><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"An introduction to innersource","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GitHub","logo":"https://github.githubassets.com/images/modules/open_graph/github-logo.png"},"author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GitHub","url":"https://www.github.com"}}</script></div><script type="application/json" id="__PRIMER_DATA_:R0:__">{"resolvedServerColorMode":"day"}</script></div> </react-app> </main> </div> <footer role="contentinfo" class="footer pt-6 position-relative" data-analytics-visible="{"category":"Footer","action":"visible","label":"text: Marketing footer"}" > <h2 class="sr-only">Site-wide Links</h2> <div class="container-xl p-responsive"> <div class="d-flex flex-wrap py-5 mb-5"> <section class="col-12 col-lg-4 mb-5"> <a href="/" data-analytics-event="{"category":"Footer","action":"go to home","label":"text:home"}" class="color-fg-default d-inline-block" aria-label="Go to GitHub homepage"> <svg height="30" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 68 24" version="1.1" width="85" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-logo-github footer-logo-mktg width-auto d-block"> <path d="M27.8 17.908h-.03c.013 0 .022.014.035.017l.01-.002-.016-.015Zm.005.017c-.14.001-.49.073-.861.073-1.17 0-1.575-.536-1.575-1.234v-4.652h2.385c.135 0 .24-.12.24-.283V9.302c0-.133-.12-.252-.24-.252H25.37V5.913c0-.119-.075-.193-.21-.193h-3.24c-.136 0-.21.074-.21.193V9.14s-1.636.401-1.741.416a.255.255 0 0 0-.195.253v2.021c0 .164.12.282.255.282h1.665v4.876c0 3.627 2.55 3.998 4.29 3.998.796 0 1.756-.252 1.906-.327.09-.03.135-.134.135-.238v-2.23a.264.264 0 0 0-.219-.265Zm35.549-3.272c0-2.69-1.095-3.047-2.25-2.928-.9.06-1.62.505-1.62.505v5.232s.735.506 1.83.536c1.545.044 2.04-.506 2.04-3.345ZM67 14.415c0 5.099-1.665 6.555-4.576 6.555-2.46 0-3.78-1.233-3.78-1.233s-.06.683-.135.773c-.045.089-.12.118-.21.118h-2.22c-.15 0-.286-.119-.286-.252l.03-16.514a.26.26 0 0 1 .255-.252h3.196a.26.26 0 0 1 .255.252v5.604s1.23-.788 3.03-.788l-.015-.03c1.8 0 4.456.67 4.456 5.767ZM53.918 9.05h-3.15c-.165 0-.255.119-.255.282v8.086s-.826.58-1.95.58c-1.126 0-1.456-.506-1.456-1.62v-7.06a.262.262 0 0 0-.255-.254h-3.21a.262.262 0 0 0-.256.253v7.596c0 3.27 1.846 4.087 4.381 4.087 2.085 0 3.78-1.145 3.78-1.145s.076.58.12.67c.03.074.136.133.24.133h2.011a.243.243 0 0 0 .255-.253l.03-11.103c0-.133-.12-.252-.285-.252Zm-35.556-.015h-3.195c-.135 0-.255.134-.255.297v10.91c0 .297.195.401.45.401h2.88c.3 0 .375-.134.375-.401V9.287a.262.262 0 0 0-.255-.252ZM16.787 4.01c-1.155 0-2.07.907-2.07 2.051 0 1.145.915 2.051 2.07 2.051a2.04 2.04 0 0 0 2.04-2.05 2.04 2.04 0 0 0-2.04-2.052Zm24.74-.372H38.36a.262.262 0 0 0-.255.253v6.08H33.14v-6.08a.262.262 0 0 0-.255-.253h-3.196a.262.262 0 0 0-.255.253v16.514c0 .133.135.252.255.252h3.196a.262.262 0 0 0 .255-.253v-7.06h4.966l-.03 7.06c0 .134.12.253.255.253h3.195a.262.262 0 0 0 .255-.253V3.892a.262.262 0 0 0-.255-.253Zm-28.31 7.313v8.532c0 .06-.015.163-.09.193 0 0-1.875 1.323-4.966 1.323C4.426 21 0 19.84 0 12.2S3.87 2.986 7.651 3c3.27 0 4.59.728 4.8.862.06.075.09.134.09.208l-.63 2.646c0 .134-.134.297-.3.253-.54-.164-1.35-.49-3.255-.49-2.205 0-4.575.623-4.575 5.543s2.25 5.5 3.87 5.5c1.38 0 1.875-.164 1.875-.164V13.94H7.321c-.165 0-.285-.12-.285-.253v-2.735c0-.134.12-.252.285-.252h5.61c.166 0 .286.118.286.252Z"></path> </svg> </a> <h3 class="h5 mt-4 mb-0" id="subscribe-to-newsletter">Subscribe to our developer newsletter</h3> <p class="f5 color-fg-muted mb-3">Get tips, technical guides, and best practices. 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aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-check js-clipboard-check-icon color-fg-success d-none m-2"> <path d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path> </svg> </clipboard-copy> </div> </template> <template id="snippet-clipboard-copy-button-unpositioned"> <div class="zeroclipboard-container"> <clipboard-copy aria-label="Copy" class="ClipboardButton btn btn-invisible js-clipboard-copy m-2 p-0 d-flex flex-justify-center flex-items-center" data-copy-feedback="Copied!" data-tooltip-direction="w"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copy js-clipboard-copy-icon"> <path d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 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