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href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ku"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wîkîpediya Atom Feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:Guhertin%C3%AAn_daw%C3%AE&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Roma rootpage-Roma skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Here naverokê</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Malper"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menuya esasî" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menuya esasî</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menuya esasî</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navîgasyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Destp%C3%AAk" title="Here Destpêkê [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Destpêk · Sereta</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:B%C3%BByer%C3%AAn_rojane" title="Der barê bûyerên dawî de agahiyên nûjen bibîne"><span>Bûyerên rojane</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:R%C3%BBpela_tesaduf%C3%AE" title="Rûpeleke ketober bar bike [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rûpeleke ketober</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Beşdarî" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Beşdarî" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beşdarî </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:Portala_kom%C3%AA" title="Agahdarî li ser projeyê, tu dikarî çi bikî, tu dikarî tiştan li ku bibînî"><span>Portala komê</span></a></li><li id="n-Dîwana-Wîkîpediyayê" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:D%C3%AEwan"><span>Dîwana Wîkîpediyayê</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:Guhertin%C3%AAn_daw%C3%AE" title="Lîsteya guhartinên dawî di vê wîkiyê de [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Guhartinên dawî</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:Al%C3%AEkar%C3%AE" title="Bersivên ji bo pirsên te."><span>Alîkarî</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Destp%C3%AAk" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wîkîpediya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ku.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensîklopediya azad" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ku.svg" width="112" height="14" style="width: 7em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:L%C3%AAger%C3%AEn" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Lêgerîn</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere" aria-label="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Taybet:Lêgerîn"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Lêgerîn</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Amûrên kesane"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Xuyakirin"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Xuyakirin" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Xuyakirin</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ku.wikipedia.org&uselang=ku" class=""><span>Bexş bike</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CreateAccount&returnto=Roma&returntoquery=section%3D1%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Em pêşniyar dikin ku tu ji xwe re hesabek çêbikî û bi wê hesabê têkevî, lêbelê ev ne mecbûrî ye." class=""><span>Hesabekî çêke</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UserLogin&returnto=Roma&returntoquery=section%3D1%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Têketina we dê baş be; lê belê, lê pêwîstî tune ye. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Têkeve</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Zêdetir opsiyon" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Amûrên kesane" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Amûrên kesane</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ku.wikipedia.org&uselang=ku"><span>Bexş bike</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CreateAccount&returnto=Roma&returntoquery=section%3D1%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Em pêşniyar dikin ku tu ji xwe re hesabek çêbikî û bi wê hesabê têkevî, lêbelê ev ne mecbûrî ye."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesabekî çêke</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UserLogin&returnto=Roma&returntoquery=section%3D1%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Têketina we dê baş be; lê belê, lê pêwîstî tune ye. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Têkeve</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Rûpelên ji bo edîtorên derketî <a href="/wiki/Al%C3%AEkar%C3%AE:Gav%C3%AAn_p%C3%AA%C5%9F%C3%AEn" aria-label="Di derbarê guhartinê de zêdetir hîn bibe"><span>Zêdetir hîn bibe</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:MyContributions" title="Lîsteyeke guhartinên ji vê IP adresê [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Beşdariyên min</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Gotûbêj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Malper"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Naverok" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Naverok</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Destpêk</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etîmolojî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etîmolojî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etîmolojî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etîmolojî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dîrok" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dîrok"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dîrok</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dîrok-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Dîrok bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dîrok-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Serdema_herî_pêşîn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_herî_pêşîn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Serdema herî pêşîn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_herî_pêşîn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efsaneya_avabûna_Romayê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efsaneya_avabûna_Romayê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Efsaneya avabûna Romayê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efsaneya_avabûna_Romayê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_monarşî_û_komarê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_monarşî_û_komarê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Serdema monarşî û komarê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_monarşî_û_komarê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_împeratoriyê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_împeratoriyê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Serdema împeratoriyê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_împeratoriyê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_navîn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_navîn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Serdema navîn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_navîn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_nûjen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_nûjen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Serdema nûjen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_nûjen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erdnîgarî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erdnîgarî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Erdnîgarî</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Erdnîgarî-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Erdnîgarî bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Erdnîgarî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dîmenên_ji_Romayê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dîmenên_ji_Romayê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Dîmenên ji Romayê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dîmenên_ji_Romayê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Avhewa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avhewa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Avhewa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avhewa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çavkanî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çavkanî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Çavkanî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çavkanî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Girêdanên_derve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Girêdanên_derve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Girêdanên derve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Girêdanên_derve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Naverok" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tabloya naverokê bigre/veke" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tabloya naverokê bigre/veke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Roma</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Here gotareke bi zimanekî din. Bi 263 zimanan heye." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-263" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bi 263 zimanên din</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – abxazî" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abxazî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – açehî" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="açehî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D" title="Ромэ – adîgeyî" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Ромэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adîgeyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – afrîkansî" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrîkansî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – elmanîşî" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="elmanîşî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AE%E1%88%9B" title="ሮማ – amharî" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሮማ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – aragonî" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – angîkayî" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angîkayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="روما – erebî" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="erebî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AA%DC%97%DC%98%DC%A1%DC%90_(%DC%A1%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܪܗܘܡܐ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܪܗܘܡܐ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="روما – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="روما" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="روما – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روما" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – astûrî" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astûrî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Рум – avarî" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Рум" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – awadhî" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – aymarayî" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymarayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – azerî" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="روم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="روم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – başkîrî" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="başkîrî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – balînî" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruoma" title="Ruoma – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ruoma" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Рым – belarusî" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рым" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Рым – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рым" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – betawî" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – bulgarî" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – bîslamayî" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bîslamayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – bambarayî" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambarayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE" title="রোম – bengalî" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রোম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="རོ་མ། – tîbetî" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རོ་མ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tîbetî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – bretonî" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim – bosnî" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – katalanî" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2%CC%A4-m%C4%81" title="Lò̤-mā – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lò̤-mā" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Рум – çeçenî" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Рум" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="çeçenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – sebwanoyî" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebwanoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – çamoroyî" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="çamoroyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – çeyenî" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="çeyenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ڕۆما – soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆما" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – korsîkayî" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsîkayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%ADm" title="Řím – çekî" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Řím" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="çekî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rzim" title="Rzim – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Rzim" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8A" title="Римъ – slaviya kenîseyî" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Римъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slaviya kenîseyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – çuvaşî" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="çuvaşî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhufain" title="Rhufain – weylsî" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhufain" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="weylsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – danmarkî" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danmarkî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – almanî" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="almanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – sorbiya jêrîn" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="sorbiya jêrîn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – eweyî" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="eweyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8E%CE%BC%CE%B7" title="Ρώμη – yewnanî" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρώμη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="yewnanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A5mma" title="Råmma – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Råmma" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – îngilîzî" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="îngilîzî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romo" title="Romo – esperantoyî" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Romo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – spanî" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma – estonî" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rooma" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma – baskî" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erroma" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%85" title="رم – farisî" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="farisî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – fulahî" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fulahî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma – fînî" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rooma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Rooma" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – fîjî" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fîjî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3m" title="Róm – ferî" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Róm" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="ferî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – fransî" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room_(St%C3%A4%C3%A4d)" title="Room (Stääd) – frîsiya bakur" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Room (Stääd)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frîsiya bakur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – friyolî" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friyolî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – frîsî" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frîsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_R%C3%B3imh" title="An Róimh – îrlendî" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Róimh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="îrlendî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" title="羅馬 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="羅馬" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B2m" title="Ròm – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ròm" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_R%C3%B2imh" title="An Ròimh – gaelîka skotî" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Ròimh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelîka skotî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – galîsî" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galîsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rr%C3%B3ma" title="Rróma – guwaranî" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Rróma" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guwaranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Raue" title="Yn Raue – manksî" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Raue" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manksî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rum" title="Rum – hawsayî" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Rum" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hawsayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2-m%C3%A2" title="Lò-mâ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lò-mâ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loma" title="Loma – hawayî" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Loma" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90" title="רומא – îbranî" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רומא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="îbranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – hindî" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim – xirwatî" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xirwatî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – sorbiya jorîn" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="sorbiya jorîn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%B2m_(Itali)" title="Wòm (Itali) – haîtî" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Wòm (Itali)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haîtî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3ma" title="Róma – mecarî" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Róma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mecarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%BC%D5%B8%D5%B4" title="Հռոմ – ermenî" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հռոմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ermenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%BC%D5%B8%D5%B4" title="Հռոմ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հռոմ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – endonezî" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="endonezî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – înterlîngue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="înterlîngue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – îlokanoyî" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="îlokanoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Рум – îngûşî" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Рум" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="îngûşî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – îdoyî" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="îdoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3m" title="Róm – îzlendî" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Róm" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="îzlendî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="gotarên baş"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – îtalî" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="îtalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%95%89%E1%92%A5" title="ᕉᒥ – înuîtî" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᕉᒥ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="înuîtî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E" title="ローマ – japonî" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ローマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruom" title="Ruom – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ruom" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/romas" title="romas – lojbanî" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="romas" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojbanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – javayî" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="რომი – gurcî" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რომი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gurcî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – kabîlî" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabîlî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D_(%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8D)" title="Ромэ (Къалэ) – kabardî" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Ромэ (Къалэ)" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room" title="Room – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Room" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – qazaxî" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qazaxî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%98" title="ទីក្រុងរ៉ូម – ximêrî" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទីក្រុងរ៉ូម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="ximêrî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ರೋಮ್ – kannadayî" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರೋಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88" title="로마 – koreyî" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – karaçay-balkarî" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaçay-balkarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – rîpwarî" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="rîpwarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – komî" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – kornî" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – kirgizî" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – latînî" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – ladînoyî" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladînoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roum" title="Roum – luksembûrgî" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Roum" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksembûrgî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – lezgînî" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – lugandayî" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="lugandayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roeme" title="Roeme – lîmbûrgî" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Roeme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="lîmbûrgî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romma" title="Romma – lîgûrî" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Romma" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="lîgûrî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – lombardî" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – lingalayî" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingalayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%A1" title="ໂຣມ – lawsî" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂຣມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lawsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – lîtwanî" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lîtwanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – latviyayî" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latviyayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – mokşayî" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokşayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B4ma" title="Rôma – malagasî" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rôma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%8Dma" title="Rōma – maorî" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rōma" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maorî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – mînangkabawî" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="mînangkabawî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – makedonî" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%82" title="റോം – malayalamî" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalamî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Ром – mongolî" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ром" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – maratî" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – malezî" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malezî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruma" title="Ruma – maltayî" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ruma" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – mîrandî" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mîrandî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ရောမမြို့ – burmayî" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရောမမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Рим ош – erzayî" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Рим ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%85" title="رم – mazenderanî" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenderanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romma" title="Romma – napolîtanî" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Romma" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolîtanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – nedersaksî" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedersaksî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – nepalî" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="रोम – newarî" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रोम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome_(stad)" title="Rome (stad) – holendî" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rome (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holendî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – norwecî (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norwecî (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – norwecî (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norwecî (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – çîçewayî" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="çîçewayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – oksîtanî" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksîtanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riimu" title="Riimu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Riimu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AE" title="ରୋମ – oriyayî" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରୋମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriyayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Ром – osetî" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ром" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE" title="ਰੋਮ – puncabî" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੋਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="puncabî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – papyamentoyî" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papyamentoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaa" title="Romaa – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Romaa" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rzym" title="Rzym – polonî" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rzym" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="روم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="روم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8E%CE%BC%CE%B7" title="Ρώμη – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ρώμη" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="روم – peştûyî" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="روم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="peştûyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – portugalî" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruma" title="Ruma – keçwayî" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ruma" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="keçwayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – romancî" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romancî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – rundî" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="rundî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – romanî" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – aromanî" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – rûsî" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rûsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – kînyariwandayî" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kînyariwandayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE-%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="रोम-नगरम् – sanskrîtî" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रोम-नगरम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrîtî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – yakutî" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="yakutî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱨᱳᱢ – santalî" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱨᱳᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – sardînî" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – sicîlî" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicîlî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roum" title="Roum – skotî" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Roum" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="روم – sindhî" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="روم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – samiya bakur" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="samiya bakur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – sangoyî" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="sangoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruma" title="Ruma – taşelhitî" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ruma" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="taşelhitî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA_(%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA)" title="රෝමය (නගරය) – kîngalî" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රෝමය (නගරය)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="kîngalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADm" title="Rím – slovakî" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rím" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim – slovenî" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – samoayî" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma – samiya înarî" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Rooma" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="samiya înarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – şonayî" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="şonayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – somalî" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – elbanî" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="elbanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="gotarên baş"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – sirbî" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sirbî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – sirananî" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sirananî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – sotoyiya başûr" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sotoyiya başûr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room_(St%C3%A4%C3%A4d)" title="Room (Stääd) – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Room (Stääd)" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – sundanî" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – swêdî" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="swêdî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – swahîlî" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahîlî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rzim" title="Rzim – silesî" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Rzim" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo-ma" title="Lo-ma – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Lo-ma" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உரோம் – tamîlî" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உரோம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamîlî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="రోమ్ – telûgûyî" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రోమ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telûgûyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – tetûmî" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetûmî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Рум – tacikî" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рум" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tacikî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="โรม – tayî" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โรม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim – tirkmenî" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="tirkmenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – tokpisinî" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tokpisinî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – tirkî" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tirkî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – teterî" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="teterî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – tumbukayî" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbukayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – tahîtî" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="tahîtî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – udmurtî" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%85" title="رىم – oygurî" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="رىم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="oygurî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим – ukraynî" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рим" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraynî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="روم – urdûyî" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdûyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim – ozbekî" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbekî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – venîsî" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venîsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – viyetnamî" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="viyetnamî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome_(stee)" title="Rome (stee) – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Rome (stee)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – volapûkî" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapûkî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – walonî" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="walonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – warayî" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom" title="Rom – wolofî" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Rom" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolofî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="罗马 – çîniya wuyî" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗马" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="çîniya wuyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERoma" title="ERoma – xosayî" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="ERoma" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xosayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="რომი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რომი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9D" title="רוים – yidîşî" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="רוים" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yidîşî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3m%C3%B9" title="Rómù – yorubayî" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Rómù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yorubayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Rome" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%95%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵕⵓⵎⴰ – amazîxiya fasî" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵕⵓⵎⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazîxiya fasî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="罗马 – çînî" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗马" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="çînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" title="羅馬 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="羅馬" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B4-m%C3%A1" title="Lô-má – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lô-má" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" title="羅馬 – kantonî" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅馬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q220#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Girêdanên navzimanî sererast bike" class="wbc-editpage">Girêdanan biguhêre</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Valahiya nav"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Li rûpela naverokê binêre [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Gotar</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAj:Roma" rel="discussion" title="Gotûbêj li ser rûpela naverokê [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Gotûbêj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Varyanta zimanî biguhêre" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kurdî/کوردی</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-ku mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&variant=ku&section=1&veaction=edit" lang="ku" hreflang="ku"><span>Kurdî/کوردی</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-ku-Arab mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&variant=ku-arab&section=1&veaction=edit" lang="ku-Arab" hreflang="ku-Arab"><span>Tîpên erebî</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-ku-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&variant=ku-latn&section=1&veaction=edit" lang="ku-Latn" hreflang="ku-Latn"><span>Tîpên latînî</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Dîtin"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Roma"><span>Bixwîne</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit" title="Vê rûpelê biguhêre [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit" title="Koda çavkaniya vê rûpelê biguhêre [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=history" title="Guhartoyên berê yên vê rûpelê [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Dîrokê bibîne</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Amûrên rûpelê"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Qutiya amûran" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Qutiya amûran</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Amûr</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Aksiyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Roma"><span>Bixwîne</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit" title="Vê rûpelê biguhêre [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit" title="Koda çavkaniya vê rûpelê biguhêre [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=history"><span>Dîrokê bibîne</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Giştî </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:Gir%C3%AAdan%C3%AAn_li_ser_vir/Roma" title="Lîsteya hemû rûpelên ku pê ve girêdayî ne [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Girêdanên li ser vê rûpelê</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:RecentChangesLinked/Roma" rel="nofollow" title="Guhartinên dawî di rûpelên ku ji vê rûpelê ve hatine girêdan de [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Guhartinên têkildar</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ku" title="Dosyeyan bar bike [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Wêneyekî bar bike</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:SpecialPages" title="Lîsteya hemû rûpelên taybetî [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Rûpelên taybet</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&oldid=1828893" title="Lînka daîmî yê ji bo vê revizyona rûpelê"><span>Girêdana daîmî</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=info" title="Bêhtir agahî di derbarê vê rûpelê de"><span>Agahiyên rûpelê</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CiteThisPage&page=Roma&id=1828893&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Agahdariya li ser qalkirina rûpelê"><span>Qalkirina rûpelê bibîne</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fku.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DRoma%26section%3D1%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>URLya kurt çêke</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fku.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DRoma%26section%3D1%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Koda QRyê daxîne</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çap bike/derxîne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:DownloadAsPdf&page=Roma&action=show-download-screen"><span>Wek PDF daxe</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Guhartoya çapkirinê ya vê rûpelê [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Guhartoya çapkirinê</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Di projeyên din de </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Roma" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q220" title="Girêdana ji hêmana eleqedar yê di embara daneyan de re [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Hêmana Wîkîdaneyê</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Amûrên rûpelê"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Xuyakirin"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Xuyakirin</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" style="font-size:11px;text-indent:0;text-transform:none;white-space:nowrap"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=ku&pagename=Roma&params=41_53_35_N_12_28_58_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê"><span class="latitude">41°53′35″Bk</span> <span class="longitude">12°28′58″Rh</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê">41.89306°Bk 12.48278°Rh</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.89306; 12.48278</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ji Wîkîpediya, ensîklopediya azad.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ku" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1122105">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1121466">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Roma</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1138413">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Bajar</li><li>Paytext</li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Roma_dall%27aereo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Roma_dall%27aereo.JPG/250px-Roma_dall%27aereo.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Roma_dall%27aereo.JPG/375px-Roma_dall%27aereo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Roma_dall%27aereo.JPG/500px-Roma_dall%27aereo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1122889">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Flag_of_Rome.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Flag_of_Rome.svg/100px-Flag_of_Rome.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Flag_of_Rome.svg/150px-Flag_of_Rome.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Flag_of_Rome.svg/200px-Flag_of_Rome.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Ala</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Roma-Stemma-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Roma-Stemma-2.svg/64px-Roma-Stemma-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Roma-Stemma-2.svg/97px-Roma-Stemma-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Roma-Stemma-2.svg/129px-Roma-Stemma-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="495" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Navê(n) din: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">la città eterna <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P1449" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Roma li ser nexşeyê</b><br /><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_9ba83a4969d625f887c023b750f8b0f584dcfdd0"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,270x200.png?lang=ku&domain=ku.wikipedia.org&title=Roma&revid=1828893&groups=_9ba83a4969d625f887c023b750f8b0f584dcfdd0" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=ku&domain=ku.wikipedia.org&title=Roma&revid=1828893&groups=_9ba83a4969d625f887c023b750f8b0f584dcfdd0 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="center"><div style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Italy_provincial_location_map_2015.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roma li ser nexşeya Îtalya nîşan dide"><img alt="Roma li ser nexşeya Îtalya nîşan dide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Italy_provincial_location_map_2015.svg/250px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2015.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Italy_provincial_location_map_2015.svg/375px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2015.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Italy_provincial_location_map_2015.svg/500px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2015.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:45.512%;left:49.084%"><div style="position:absolute;left:-3px;top:-3px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Roma"><img alt="Roma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size:90%;line-height:110%;position:absolute;width:6em;top:-0.75em;left:4px;text-align:left"><div style="display:inline;padding:1px;float:left">Roma</div></div></div></div><div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Koordînat: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=ku&pagename=Roma&params=41_53_35_N_12_28_58_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê"><span class="latitude">41°53′35″Bk</span> <span class="longitude">12°28′58″Rh</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê">41.89306°Bk 12.48278°Rh</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.89306; 12.48278</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parzemîn</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ewropa" title="Ewropa">Ewropa</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P30" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dewlet</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Etalya" title="Îtalya">Îtalya</a>, Dewleta Papayî, Kingdom of Italy, Ostrogothic Kingdom, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_B%C3%AEzans%C3%AA" title="Împeratoriya Bîzansê">Împeratoriya Bîzansê</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keyaniya_%C3%8Etalyay%C3%AA" title="Keyaniya Îtalyayê">Keyaniya Îtalyayê</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keyaniya_Romay%C3%AA" title="Keyaniya Romayê">Keyaniya Romayê</a>, Roman Republic, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Rom%C3%AA" title="Împeratoriya Romê">Împeratoriya Romê</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Rom%C3%AA_ya_Rojava" title="Împeratoriya Romê ya Rojava">Împeratoriya Romê ya Rojava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vat%C3%AEkan" title="Vatîkan">Vatîkan</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P17" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Li beşa îdarî</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><ul><li>Province of Rome (1870–2010)</li><li>Dewleta Papayî (752–1870)</li><li>Rome (1810–1814)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Romaya_kevnare" title="Romaya kevnare">Romaya Kevnare</a> (753 <a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%AE_zay%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Berî zayînê">b.z.</a> – 509 <a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%AE_zay%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Berî zayînê">b.z.</a>)</li><li>Roman Republic (509 <a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%AE_zay%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Berî zayînê">b.z.</a> – 27 <a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%AE_zay%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Berî zayînê">b.z.</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Rom%C3%AA" title="Împeratoriya Romê">Împeratoriya Romê</a> (27 <a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%AE_zay%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Berî zayînê">b.z.</a> – 395)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Rom%C3%AA_ya_Rojava" title="Împeratoriya Romê ya Rojava">Împeratoriya Romê ya Rojava</a> (395–476)</li><li>Metropolitan City of Rome (2010–) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P131" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Paytexta</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><ul><li>Metropolitan City of Rome</li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Etalya" title="Îtalya">Îtalya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a></li><li>Province of Rome</li><li>Dewleta Papayî</li><li>Rome</li><li>Tibre</li><li><a href="/wiki/Romaya_kevnare" title="Romaya kevnare">Romaya Kevnare</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Keyaniya_%C3%8Etalyay%C3%AA" title="Keyaniya Îtalyayê">Keyaniya Îtalyayê</a> (1871–1946)</li><li>Roma Capitale</li><li>Roman Republic</li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Rom%C3%AA" title="Împeratoriya Romê">Împeratoriya Romê</a></li><li>Roman Republic <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P1376" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dema avabûnê</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 21 nîsan 753 <a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%AE_zay%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Berî zayînê">b.z.</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P571" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Damezrîner</th><td class="infobox-data">Romulus, Remus <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P112" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Îdarî<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Şaredar</th><td class="infobox-data">Roberto Gualtieri (2021–) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P6" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Qada rûerdê<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Giştî</th><td class="infobox-data">1287.36 km<sup>2</sup> (49.705 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bilindahî<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">21 m (69 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nifûs<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2.748.109 (2023) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P1082" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Nav%C3%A7eya_saet%C3%AE" title="Navçeya saetî">Dem</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1138413"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P421" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Koda telefonê</th><td class="infobox-data">06 <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P473" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Plakeya_tiromb%C3%AAl%C3%AA" title="Plakeya tirombêlê">Plakaya erebeyê</a></th><td class="infobox-data">RM <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P395" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Malper</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comune.roma.it">comune<wbr />.roma<wbr />.it</a></span> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220?uselang=ku#P856" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:80%; float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=0"><span style="color:#555">biguhêre</span></a> - <a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ItemByTitle?site=kuwiki&page=Roma"><span style="color:#555">Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre</span></a></span><span style="float:right;" title="Şablon:Agahîdank wargeh/wîkîdane"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Agah%C3%AEdank_wargeh/w%C3%AEk%C3%AEdane" title="Belge"><img alt="Belge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Roma</b> (bi <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Etal%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Îtalî">îtalî</a>: <i>Roma</i>) paytexta <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Etalya" title="Îtalya">Îtalyayê</a> ye ku di heman demê de serbajarê herêma Lazyoyê ye. Bajêr 2.860.009 şênî li bi belavbûna 1.285 km² yê Roma komuna herî qerebalix a <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Etalya" title="Îtalya">Îtalyayê</a> û ji hêla nifûsê di nav sînorên bajêr de sêyem bajarê herî qerebalix ê <a href="/wiki/Yek%C3%AEtiya_Ewropay%C3%AA" title="Yekîtiya Ewropayê">Yekîtiya Ewropayê</a> ye.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roma li beşa navendî rojavayê <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%AEvgirava_%C3%8Etal%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nîvgirava Îtalî (rûpel hê tune)">Nîvgirava Îtalî</a>, di nav herêma Lazyoyê (Latium) de, li ser peravên <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87em%C3%AA_T%C3%AEber%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çemê Tîberê (rûpel hê tune)">Çemê Tîberê</a> hatiye avakirin. Bajarê Vatîkan (welatê herî biçûk ê cîhanê) ku welatekî serbixwe ye di nava sinorên bajarê Romayê de ye ku tenê mînaka heyî ya welatekî ye ku di nava bajarekî de hatiye damezrandin. Roma ji ber cihê xwe yê erdnîgarî bi gelemperî wekî Bajarê Heft Giran û hinek caran jî wekî "Bajarê Timheyî" tê binavkirin. Roma bi gelemperî wekî "dergûşa şaristaniya rojavayî û çanda <a href="/wiki/Xiristiyan%C3%AE" title="Xiristiyanî">xiristiyan</a>" û navenda Dêra Katolîk hatiye hesibandin. </p><p>Dîroka Romayê 28 sedsal e. Bi vegotina mîtolojiya Romayê ku damezrandina bajêr li dora 753 <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de vedibêje, niştecih bûna Romayê pir kevintir e ku nêzîkî sê hezar sal e bajêr bûye niştecihek sereke ya mirovî û yek ji kevintirîn bajarên <a href="/wiki/Ewropa" title="Ewropa">Ewropayê</a> ye ku bi domdarî mirovan li bajêr jiyan xwe berdewam kirine. Nifûsa destpêkê ya bajêr ji tevliheviya Latînî, Etrûsk û Sabineyiyan pêk dihat. Di dawiyê de bajar li pey hev dibe paytexta Padîşahiya Romayê, Komara Roma û Împeratoriya Romayê ku ji aliyê gelek kesan ve wekî yekem bajar û metropolê Împeratorî tê dîtin. Bajêr ji aliyê helbestvanê romî Tibullus ve di sedsala 1ê berî zayînê yekem car bi navê Bajarê Timheyî (bi latînî: Urbs Aeterna; bi îtalî: La Città Eterna) hate binavkirin û ev nav ji aliyê Ovid, Virgil û Livî yê ve jî hatiye xwedîderketin. Navek din ê bajêr jî "Caput Mundi" ye ku wateya "Paytexta Cîhanê". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etîmolojî"><span id="Et.C3.AEmoloj.C3.AE"></span>Etîmolojî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Beşê biguhêre: Etîmolojî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Etîmolojî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Li gorî efsaneya damezrandina bajarê Romayên kevnar, navê Roma ji damezrînerê bajêr û padîşahê yekem Romulus hatiye.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lê dibe ku navê Romulus jî ji navê Romayê hatiye wergirtin ku di roja îro de jî di warê mitolojiya nav de tevlîheviyeke heye. Di sedsala 4an de, teoriyên alternatîf li ser koka navê Romayê hatine pêşniyar kirin. Çend hîpotezên ku li ser kokên nav ya zimanî disekinin hatine pêşve xistin ku ne diyar in: </p> <ul><li>Peyva Romon yan jê Romen ku navê kevnar a Çemê Tîberê ye ku di encamê de bi lêkera yewnanî ῥέω (rhéō) ku tê wateya "herikîn"ê û bi lêkera latînî ya ruō ku bi "lezandin" yan jî "bazdan"ê ve girêdayî ye;</li></ul> <ul><li>Peyva Etrûskan 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) ku koka navê *rum-"teat" e ku bi referansa mûhtemel yan gurê totem ê ku cêwîyên bi navê Romulus û Remus qebûl kiriye û <a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%AEr" title="Şîr">şîr</a> daye, yan jî navên Girên Palatîn û Aventînê ye ku tîne bîranîn.</li></ul> <ul><li>Peyva yewnanî ῥώμη (rhṓmē), ku tê wateya hêzê.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dîrok"><span id="D.C3.AErok"></span>Dîrok</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Beşê biguhêre: Dîrok" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dîrok"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_herî_pêşîn"><span id="Serdema_her.C3.AE_p.C3.AA.C5.9F.C3.AEn"></span>Serdema herî pêşîn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema herî pêşîn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema herî pêşîn"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Digel ku ji nêzikî 14.000 sal berê vedîtinên delîlên arkeolojîk ên bicihkirina mirovan li herêma Romayê hatine dîtin, tebeqeyên girsê bermahiyên pir ciwanên ji şûnwarên <a href="/wiki/Paleol%C3%AEt%C3%AEk" title="Paleolîtîk">Paleolîtîk</a> û <a href="/wiki/Neol%C3%AEt%C3%AEk" title="Neolîtîk">Neolîtîk</a> vedişêre. Delîlên amûrên kevir, dîz û çekên kevirî hebûna mirovan li bajêr bi qasî 10.000 sal berê destnîşan dike. Çend kolandin piştgirî dide dîtina ku Roma ji niştecihên şivanan ên li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gir%C3%AA_Palat%C3%AEn%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Girê Palatînê (rûpel hê tune)">Girê Palatînê</a> ku li jorê qada Foruma Romayê ya pêşerojê hatiye çêkirin mezin bûye. Di navbera dawiya <a href="/wiki/Serdema_bronz%C3%AE" title="Serdema bronzî">Serdema bronzî</a> û di destpêka <a href="/wiki/Serdema_hesin%C3%AE" title="Serdema hesinî">Serdema hesinî</a> de, li ser her girekî di navbera deryayê û Kapîtolê de gundekî hatiye avakirin (li ser Girê Kapîtol, gundek ji dawiya sedsala 14an berî zayînê ve hatiye pejirandin). Lêbelê yek ji wan hêj ne xwediyê kalîteya bajarî bû. Niha lihevhatinek berfireh heye ku bajar hêdî hêdî bi berhevkirina ("sînoesîzm") çend gundên herî mezin ên ku li jora Palatînê hatine avakirin pêşketiye. Bi kombûnê re zêdekirina berhemdariya çandiniyê li ser asta debara jiyanê hêsan dibe ku di heman demê de rê dide damezrandina çalakiyên din ên jiyanê. Ev yek di encamê de, pêşkevtina bazirganiyê bi koloniyên yewnanî yên başûrê Îtalyayê re (bi giranî Iskiya û Komeya) geş dike. Ev pêşketinên ku li gorî delîlên arkeolojîk di berî zayînê de ye di nîveka sedsala heştan de pêk hatine û wekî "rojbûna" bajêr tê dîtin. Tevî kolandinên dawiyên li Girê Palatînê, nêrîna ku Roma di nîveka sedsala heştan a <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de hatiye damezrandin, wekî ku efsaneya <a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%BBl%C3%BBs_%C3%BB_Rem%C3%BBs" title="Romûlûs û Remûs">Romûlûs</a> destnîşan dike wekê hîpotezek dûr dimîne.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Efsaneya_avabûna_Romayê"><span id="Efsaneya_avab.C3.BBna_Romay.C3.AA"></span>Efsaneya avabûna Romayê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Beşê biguhêre: Efsaneya avabûna Romayê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Efsaneya avabûna Romayê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Çîrokên kevneşopî yên ku ji hêla romayiyên kevnar ve hatine neqilkirin kirin bi xwe dîroka herî kevn a bajarê xwe di warê efsane û mitolojiyê de rave dikin. Di nav van efsaneyan de ya herî naskirî û dibe ku di nav hemê efsaneyên Romayê ya herî navdar, çîroka birayên cêwî <a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%BBl%C3%BBs_%C3%BB_Rem%C3%BBs" title="Romûlûs û Remûs">Romûlûs û Remûs</a> e ku ji aliyê gurekî ve hatine mijandin û hatine xwedî kirin. Piştî ku her du bira mezin dibin biryar didin ku bajarekî ava bikin. Lê piştî nîqaşê, Romûlûs birayê xwe Remûs dikuje û bajêr navê wî werdigire. Li gorî salixgerên romayî ev bûyer di 21ê nîsana 753 salên <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de qewimiye.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Strabo behsa çîrokek kevntir dike ku bajar koloniyek Arkadiyan bû ku bajêr ji aliyê Evander ve hatiye avakirin. Strabo di nivîsên xwe de dinivîse ku Lucius Coelius Antipater bawer dikir ku Roma ji aliyê yewnanan ve hatiye damezrandin.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_monarşî_û_komarê"><span id="Serdema_monar.C5.9F.C3.AE_.C3.BB_komar.C3.AA"></span>Serdema monarşî û komarê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema monarşî û komarê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema monarşî û komarê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Li gorî efsaneyê piştî ku Romulus bajêr ava dike di destpêkê de bi serwerên ku bi eslê xwe Latînî û Sabînî ne û piştre jî ji hêla padîşahên Etrûskan ve, Roma bi serdemek 244 salan bi pergalek monarşîk hatiye birêvebirin. Ev kevneşopî bi destê heft keyên wekê Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius, Ancus Marcius, Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius û Lucius Tarquinius Superbus hatiye birêvebirin.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Palatino_(Palatine_Hill,_Rome).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Palatino_%28Palatine_Hill%2C_Rome%29.jpg/220px-Palatino_%28Palatine_Hill%2C_Rome%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Palatino_%28Palatine_Hill%2C_Rome%29.jpg/330px-Palatino_%28Palatine_Hill%2C_Rome%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Palatino_%28Palatine_Hill%2C_Rome%29.jpg/440px-Palatino_%28Palatine_Hill%2C_Rome%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2196" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Qesrên kevnarê împeratoriyên Palatînê, rêze qesrên ku li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gir%C3%AA_Palat%C3%AEn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Girê Palatîn (rûpel hê tune)">Girê Palatîn</a> cih digirin ku hêz û dewlemendiya împeratoran ji Augustus heya sedsala 4an diyar dikin.</figcaption></figure> <p>Di sala 509 sala <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de romayiyan padîşahê dawî ji bajarê xwe xistin der û komarek olîgarşîk ava kirin. Piştre re li Romayê serdemek nû dest pê kir ku bi şerên navxweyî yên di navbera pratîsyenan (aristokrat) û plebeyan (ku xwediyên axên piçûk bûn) rû dide ku bi şerekî domdar li dijî gelên îtalyaya navendî: Etrûskan, Latînî, Volskî, Aequi û Marsî dewam dike.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piştî ku bû serwerê Latium, li Romayê rê li gelek şeran girt (li dijî Galîyan, Oskî-Samnîtan û koloniya yewnanî ya Taranto ku bi Pîrhus ku padîşahê Epirus re hevalbend bû) ku encama wî dagirkirina nîvgirava îtalyanî bû ku ji devera navendî heya Magna Graesiya dagir bike.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sedsalên sêyem û duyemê berî zayînê bi sê Şerên Punîk (264-146 BZ) li dijî bajarê Kartacayê û sê Şerên Makedonî (212-168 BZ) li dijî Makedonyayê, hegemonyaya Romayê li ser <a href="/wiki/Deryaya_Nav%C3%AEn" title="Deryaya Navîn">Deryaya Navîn</a> û <a href="/wiki/Balkan" title="Balkan">Balkanan</a> hate damezrandin.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di vê demê de yekem eyaletên Romayê wekê Sîcîlya, <a href="/wiki/Sard%C3%AEnya" title="Sardînya">Sardînya</a>, Korsîka, Hispanya, Makedonya, Akhiya û Afrîkaê hatiye damezrandin.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ji destpêka sedsala 2yemê berî zayînê ve desthilatdarî di navbera du komên arîstokratan de hate dihate kişandin. Optîmat ku nûnertiya beşa muhafezekar a Senatoyê dikin û gelên populerê ku xwe dispêrin alîkariya pleban (çîna jêrîn a bajarî) ji bo bidestxistina desthilatdariyê. Di heman serdemê de îflasa cotkarên biçûk û avakirina avahiyên koleyan ên mezin dibe sedema koçberiyeke mezin ê ber bi bajêr ve. Şerê domdar dibe sedema damezrandina artêşek profesyonel ku derket holê ku ji komarê bêtir dilsozê generalên xwe ne. Ji ber vê yekê di nîvê sedsala duyem de û di sedsala yekem a berî zayînê de hem li derve û hem jî li hindur pevçûn derketin: piştî hewldana têkçûyî ya reforma civakî ya navdarên Tîberiyus û Gaiyus Grakhus û şerê li dijî Jugurtha, şerekî navxweyî bû ku general Sulla ji vê şerê bi awayekî serkevtî derket. Serhildanek mezin a koleyan di bin destê Spartakus de rû dide û piştre jî damezrandina Triyumvêrata yekem bi Kaesar, Pompe û Krassus re pêk tê.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bidestxistina Gaulayê, Kaesar pir bi hêz û populer kir ku dibe sedema şerê navxweyî yê duyemê li dijî Senato û Pompeyê. Piştî serkevtina xwe, Kaesar xwe wekî dîktatorek destnîşan kir. Kuştina wî dibe sedema Triyumvîratê ya duyem şer navxweyî di navbera Oktaviyan (nevî û mîratgirê Kaesar) Mark Antony û Lepîdus, ku şer di navbera Oktavî û Antonan de dertê.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_împeratoriyê"><span id="Serdema_.C3.AEmperatoriy.C3.AA"></span>Serdema împeratoriyê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema împeratoriyê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema împeratoriyê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png/220px-Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png/330px-Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png/440px-Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png 2x" data-file-width="2534" data-file-height="1614" /></a><figcaption><span style="margin:0px; padding-bottom:1px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:#b23938 solid 1px;; background-color:#b23938; color:#b23938">    </span> Nexşeya Împeratoriya Romayê ku di sala 117an de, bi qasî 6,5 milyon kîlomêtre çarçik rûerd werdigire û digihîje asta xwe ya herî berfireh.</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Di sala 27ê berî zayînê de, Oktaviyan bû princeps civitatis (kesên sereke) û sernavê <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> wergirtin ku padîşahek diyarşî di navbera prens û senatoyê de damezrandin.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di dema serweriya Neron de, piştî <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agir%C3%AA_Mezin_a_Romay%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agirê Mezin a Romayê (rûpel hê tune)">Agirê Mezin a Romayê</a> du ji sê parên bajêr wêran dibe û zilma li dijî xiristiyanên bajêr dest pê dike.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roma wekî împeratoriyek de facto hate damezrandin ku di sedsala duyem de di bin desthilatdariya împerator Trajan de gihîştiye berfirehbûna xwe ya herî mezin. Roma wekî caput Mundi, yan jî paytexta cîhana naskirî hate pejirandin ku gotinek berê ya di serdema Komarê de hatiye bikar anîn.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di du sedsalên xwe yên pêşîn de, împeratorî ji hêla împeratorên Juliyo-Klaudiyan, Flaviyan (ku di heman demê de amfîtheatreyek binavûdengên ku wekî Colosseum dihatin zanîn jî ava kir) û xanedanên Antonînê ve hate rêvebirin.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ev dem bi belavbûna dînê xirîstiyanî ku ji aliyê Îsa Mesîh ve li Cihûstanê di nîvê sedsala yekem de (di bin desthilatdariya Tîberiyus de) hate ragihandin û ji hêla şandiyên wî ve di nav împeratoriyê û derveyî de hate belav kirin, hate diyar kirin. Serdema Antonîn wek asta herî bilind ê împeratoriyê tê dîtin ku împeratoriyê axa wê ji <a href="/wiki/Okyan%C3%BBsa_Atlant%C3%AEk" title="Okyanûsa Atlantîk">Okyanûsa Atlantîk</a> heya <a href="/wiki/Firat" title="Firat">Firatê</a> û ji <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%AEtanya" class="mw-disambig" title="Brîtanya">Brîtanya</a> heya <a href="/wiki/Misir" title="Misir">Misirê</a> berfireh kiriye.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Piştî bidawîhatina Xanedaniya Severan ê di sala 235an de, împeratorî ket nav serdemek 50-salî ya ku bi navê Krîza Sedsala Sêyemîn tê zanîn ku tê de gelek derbeyên generalan hebûn ku van generalan ji ber lawazbûna desthilatdariya navendî ya Romayê dixwestin ku ewlekariya herêma xwe yê ku jê berbirsbûn biparêzin. Ji sala 260an heya sala 274an împeratoriya Galî hebû û ji nîvê salên 260an de serhildanên Zenobiya û bavê wê hebûn ku dixwestin împeratoriya ji êrîşên farisan dûr bixin. Hinek herêm - Brîtanya, Spanya û Afrîkaya Bakur - bi dijwarî jiber tevlîheviyan bi bandor bûn. Ji ber ku hikûmet belavkirina dravê kêm dike ku lêçûn peyda bike, ev yek dibe sedema xirabûna aborî û zêdebûnek bi lez a enflasyonê. Eşîrên alman ên li ser peravên Çemê Renê û bakurê balkanan di salên 250 û 280an de êrişê nekoordînasyonî kirin ku zêdetir dişibiya êrişkarên kom ên mezin. Împeratoriya Farisî di navbera salên 230 û 260an de çend caran ji rojhilat ve êrîş kir lê di dawiyê de têk çûn.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Împerator Diokletiyan (284) dest bi ji nûve avakirina dewletê kir û rêvebiriya padîşahiyê bi dawî kir û bi rêveberiya tetrarşîya ku wî dixwest pê hêza dewletê zêde bike destnîşan kir. Taybetmendiya wî ya herî berbiçav destwerdana nedîtî ya dewletê heta asta bajêr bû: desthilatdariyê dema ku ji bajarekî re daxwaza bacê kiribû û destûr dabû ku ew bajêr bacê bide, di dema desthilatdariya wî de daxwaza bacê heta asta gundan hatibû. Bi hewildanek vala wî ji bo kontrolkirina enflasyonê, kontrola bihayê ku nayê dewam kirin bikaranî. Wî yan jî Konstantîn rêveberiya împaratoriyê bi avakirina dioksên herêmî avakir ku bi bingeh de awayê rêvebirina împeratoriyê guherand. Hebûna yekîneyên darayî yên herêmî ji sala 286an ve wekî modelek nûbûniya bêhempa bû. Qeyser pêvajoya rakirina fermandariya leşkerî ji ku waliyan distîne bilez kir. Ji wê demê û pê ve rêveberiya sivîl û fermandariya leşkerî ji hev cuda dibin. Wî zêdetir erkên darayî dan parêzgaran û berpirsiyariya vê sîstemê da parêzgaran ku ev wek hewldanek ji bo ku kontrolkirina sîstema piştevaniya lojistîkî ya artêşê ji bin kontrola xwe derîne.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Romaya ku rola xwe ya navendî di rêvebirina împeratoriyê de winda kiribû, di sala 410an de ji aliyê Vîsîgothên bi serokatiya Alaric I ve hat talankirin. Jiber ku zirara fizîkî pir hindik bû, bi piranî carek din ji nûve hate temîr kirin. Tiştê ku ew qas hêsan nedihat guheztin, tiştên barkêş ên wekî karên hunerî yên ji metalên hêja û tiştên ji bo karanîna navmalî talan bûn. Papayan bajêr bi bazilîkên mezin (bi hevkariya împeratoran) xemilandin. Bajêr di sala 455an de ji hêla Genserîk, padîşahê vandalan ve hate talan kirin, nifûsa bajêr ji 800.000 kesan dadikeve 450-500.000 kesan. Împeratorên qels ên sedsala pêncan nekarîn hilweşînan rawestînin ev dibe sedema hilweşandina Romulus Augustus ku di 22ê tebaxa sala 476an de ku dawiya Împeratoriya Romaya Rojava tîne û ji bo gelek dîroknasan, destpêka Serdema Navîn nîşan dide. Kêmbûna nifûsa bajêr ji ber windakirina barkirina genimên ji Afrîkaya Bakur bû, ji sala 440an û pê ve nexwestiya pola senatoran ji bo domandina bexşan ji bo piştgirîkirina nifûsa ku ji çavkaniyên berdest pir mezin bû. Di gel vê yekê, ji bo domandina navenda rêveberiyê hewildanên dijwar hatin kirin ku ev hewldanên parastinê heta dorpêçkirina Gothîka sala 537an berdewam kir.<sup id="cite_ref-Schadendorf1964_7-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schadendorf1964-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_navîn"><span id="Serdema_nav.C3.AEn"></span>Serdema navîn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema navîn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema navîn"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Sack_of_Rome_by_Alaric_-_sacred_vessels_are_brought_to_a_church_for_safety_(2nd_of_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Sack_of_Rome_by_Alaric_-_sacred_vessels_are_brought_to_a_church_for_safety_%282nd_of_2%29.jpg/220px-Sack_of_Rome_by_Alaric_-_sacred_vessels_are_brought_to_a_church_for_safety_%282nd_of_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Sack_of_Rome_by_Alaric_-_sacred_vessels_are_brought_to_a_church_for_safety_%282nd_of_2%29.jpg/330px-Sack_of_Rome_by_Alaric_-_sacred_vessels_are_brought_to_a_church_for_safety_%282nd_of_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Sack_of_Rome_by_Alaric_-_sacred_vessels_are_brought_to_a_church_for_safety_%282nd_of_2%29.jpg/440px-Sack_of_Rome_by_Alaric_-_sacred_vessels_are_brought_to_a_church_for_safety_%282nd_of_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="543" /></a><figcaption>Wêneyê sedsala 15an ku Talankirina Romayê (410) ji hêla padîşahê Vîsîgotîk Alarîk 1 ve pêk tê nîşan dide.</figcaption></figure> <p>Berî ku bajêr vegere kontrola Romaya Rojhilat piştî Şerê Gotîkê ku bajêr di sala 546 û 550an de bahu hate wêran kir, piştî hilweşîna Împeratoriya Romaya Rojava yê di sala 476 <abbr title="piştî zayînê">p.z.</abbr> de, Roma pêşî di bin kontrola Odoaser de bû û piştre jî dibe beşek ji Padîşahiya Ostrogotîk. Nifûsa bajêr ji milyonek zêdetir bû ku di sala 210an de dadikeve 500.000 kesê û di 273an de, piştî Şerê Gotîkê (535-554) nifûsa bajêr heta 35.000 kesan dadikeve.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Piştî dagirkirina Lombard a Îtalyayê (569–572), bajêr bi navî Bîzansî ma, lê di rastiyê de, papayan di navbera Bîzans, Frank û Lombardan de polîtîkaya hevsengiyê meşandin.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di 729an de, padîşahê Lombard Lîutprand bajarê bakurê Latiyum Sutrî diyarî Dêrê kir û dest bi hêza xwe ya demkî kir.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 756an de, Pepinê Kurt, piştî ku Lombardan têk bir, dadrêsiya demkî da Papayan û bi vî rengî Dewletên Papayan hate ava kirin.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ji vê serdemê ve sê hêz hewl dane ku bajêr birêve bibin evin: papa, esilzade (bi serokên mîlîsan, dadwer, senato û bi gel re) û padîşahê Frankîs, wekî padîşahê Lombard, patrîrukus û Împrrator. Ev her sê partî (teokratîk, komarî û împaratorî) taybetmendiya jiyana Romayê ya di tevahiya Serdema Navîn de bû.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_nûjen"><span id="Serdema_n.C3.BBjen"></span>Serdema nûjen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema nûjen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema nûjen"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Desthilatdariya Papayan ku ji aliyê Komara Roma ya demkurt (1798–1800) ve ku di bin bandora Şoreşa Frensî de hate damezrandin, hate bidawîkirin. Dewletên Papa di hezîrana sala 1800an de hatin vegerandin lê di dema serdestiya Napolyon de Roma wekî departementek Împeratoriya Frensî hate girêdan ku pêşî wekî Departementa du Tibre (1808-1810) û piştre wekî Departementa Rome (1810-1814). Piştî hilweşîna Napolyon, Dewletên Papa bi biryara Kongreya Viyanayê ya 1814an ji nû ve hatin avakirin. </p><p>Di sala 1849an de, Komara Roma ya duyem di sala 1848an de di nav salek ku gelek şoreşan de pêk hatiye, hate ragihandin. Du ji kesayetiyên herî bibandor ên yekbûna îtalyanî Giuseppe Mazzini û Giuseppe Garibaldi ji bo komara demkurt şer kirin. </p><p>Piştî ku mayî ya îtalya di sala 1861an de wekî Padîşahiya Îtalî bi paytexta demkî li Florensê hate yek kirin, Roma ji bo yekbûna îtalî dibe hêvî. Tevî ku ew hîn di bin kontrola Papa de bû, di wê salê de Roma paytexta Îtalyayê hate îlankirin. Di salên 1860an de, paşmayiyên paşîn ên Dewletên Papa de bi saya siyaseta derve ya <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napolyon</a> III di bin parastina Fransa de bûn. Leşkerên Fransî li herêma di bin kontrola Papa de bi cih bûn. Di sala 1870an de leşkerên fransî ji ber derketina Şerê Franko-Prusyan ji bajêr vekişiyan. Leşkerên îtalî Romayê bidestxistin û nav deriyek li nêzî Porta Pia de ketin bajêr. Papa Piyus IX li <a href="/wiki/Vat%C3%AEkan" title="Vatîkan">Vatîkanê</a> xwe wekê kesek girtî ragihand. Di sala 1871ê de paytexta Îtalyayê ji Firansayê derbasî Romayê dibe.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di 1870an de nifûsa bajêr ji 212.000 kesê pêk dihat ku hemî li devera ku ji hêla bajarê kevnar ve hatiye dorpêç kirin dijiyan û di sala 1920an de nifûsa bajêr digihîje 660.000 kasê. Beşek girîngê ji nifûsa bajêr li derveyî dîwarên li bakur û li seranserê Çemê Tîber li herêma Vatîkanê dijiyan. </p><p>Bi awayekî bilez piştî Şerê Cîhanê yê Yekem di dawiya sala 1922an de Roma bû şahidê mezinbûna faşîzma îtalî ya bi pêşengiya <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benîto Mussolînî</a> ku li bajêr pêşengiya meşekê dikir. Wî di sala 1926an de demokrasiyê ji holê rakir ku di dawiyê de Împeratoriyek nû ya îtalî ragihand û di sala 1938an de Îtalya bi <a href="/wiki/Almanyaya_Naz%C3%AE" title="Almanyaya Nazî">Almanyaya Nazî</a> re hevalbendî dike. <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolînî</a> ji bo pîrozkirina rejîma faşîst, vejîn û pîrozkirina Romaya klasîk, ji bo ku rê û qadên berfireh ava bike beşên mezin ên navenda bajêr hilweşand. Di serdema navbera şer de zêdebûnek bilez di nifûsa bajêr de pêk hatiye ku zû piştî sala 1930an hêjmara şêniyên bajêr milyonek derbas kir. Di dema <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eer%C3%AA_C%C3%AEhan%C3%AE_y%C3%AA_Duyem" title="Şerê Cîhanî yê Duyem">Şerê Cîhanê yê Duyem</a> de, ji ber xezîneyên hunerî û hebûna Vatîkanê, Roma bi giranî ji çarenûsa trajîk a bajarên din ên ewropî xilas bû. Lê di 19 tîrmeha sala 1943an de, navçeya San Lorenzo rastî êrîşên bombeyî yên hevalbendan hat ku di encamê de nêzîkî 3.000 kes kuştî û 11.000 kes jî birîndar bûn û ji wan 1.500 kesê din jî dimirin.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mussolini di 25ê tîrmeha sala 1943an de hate girtin. Di roja agirbesta Îtalyayê, di 8ê îlona sala 1943an de li bajêr ji aliyê almanan ve hate dagirkirin. Papa Roma bajarekî vekirî ragihand. Di 4ê hezîrana sala 1944an de bajêr hate rizgarkirin. </p><p>Piştî şer Roma wekî beşek ji "mucîzeya aborî ya îtalî" ya nûavakirin û nûjenkirina piştî şer di salên 1950an û destpêka 1960an de pir pêş ket. Di vê serdemê de, salên <i>la dolce vita</i> ("jiyana şîrîn"), di gel fîlmên klasîk ên populer ên wekî <i>Ben Hur</i>, <i>Quo Vadis</i>, <i>Roman Holiday</i> û <i>La Dolce Vita</i> ku li Stûdyoyên Cinecittà ya navdar ên bajêr hatine kişandin, Roma dibe bajarek stîlê. Rêjeya zêdebûna nifûsa bajêr heya nîvê salên 1980an berdewam kir ku nifûsa komunê ji 2.8 milyon kesê derbas bûye. Ji ber ku mirovan dest bi koçkirina bajar û komunên derûdora bajêr kiriye nifûsa bajêr hêdî hêdî kêm bûye. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erdnîgarî"><span id="Erdn.C3.AEgar.C3.AE"></span>Erdnîgarî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Beşê biguhêre: Erdnîgarî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Erdnîgarî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roma li herêma Laziyo ya ku li navendî ya Îtalyayê li ser peravê <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87em%C3%AA_T%C3%AEber%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çemê Tîberê (rûpel hê tune)">Çemê Tîberê</a> (bi îtalî: <i>Tevere</i>) hatiye avakirin. Niştecihbûna despêkê li ser girên ku rû bi rûyê li tenişta Girava Tiberê ku yekane çemê xwezayî yê çemê li vê deverê ye pêşve çûye. Romaya Padîşahan li ser van heft girên bi navê Girê Aventine, Girê Caelian, Girê Capitoline, Girê Esquiline, Girê Palatine, Girê Quirinal û Girê Viminal hatiye avakirin. Romaya nûjen di heman demê de çemek din, Çemê Aniene ku dikeve bakurê navenda Çemê Tîberê ya dîrokî derbas dibe hatiye avakirin. </p><p>Her çend navenda bajêr bi qasî 24 kîlomêtre ji <a href="/wiki/Deryaya_T%C3%AEren%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Deryaya Tîrenî">Deryaya Tîrenî</a> dûr be jî, axa bajêr heya peravê deryayê dirêj dibe ku navçeya başûrê rojavayê Ostiya li ser peravê deryayê ye. Bilindahiya beşa navendî ya Romayê ji 13 mêtre bi ser asta deryayê ve ye. Komuna Romayê qadeke giştî yê bi qasî 1,285 km² rûerd werdigire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dîmenên_ji_Romayê"><span id="D.C3.AEmen.C3.AAn_ji_Romay.C3.AA"></span>Dîmenên ji Romayê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Beşê biguhêre: Dîmenên ji Romayê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Dîmenên ji Romayê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Piazza_del_Popolo_Obelisco_Flaminio_a_Roma.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flaminio Obelisk, Piazza del Popolo."><img alt="Flaminio Obelisk, Piazza del Popolo." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Piazza_del_Popolo_Obelisco_Flaminio_a_Roma.jpg/270px-Piazza_del_Popolo_Obelisco_Flaminio_a_Roma.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Piazza_del_Popolo_Obelisco_Flaminio_a_Roma.jpg/405px-Piazza_del_Popolo_Obelisco_Flaminio_a_Roma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Piazza_del_Popolo_Obelisco_Flaminio_a_Roma.jpg/540px-Piazza_del_Popolo_Obelisco_Flaminio_a_Roma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4912" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 160px"><div class="gallerytext">Flaminio Obelisk, Piazza del Popolo.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 173.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 171.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Colosseo_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Colosseum, dîtina ji derketina metroyê."><img alt="Colosseum, dîtina ji derketina metroyê." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Colosseo_2020.jpg/257px-Colosseo_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="172" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Colosseo_2020.jpg/386px-Colosseo_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Colosseo_2020.jpg/514px-Colosseo_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="12051" data-file-height="8442" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 152px"><div class="gallerytext">Colosseum, dîtina ji derketina metroyê.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Chateau-saint-ange-tibre.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dîmenek ji Castel Sant'Angelo."><img alt="Dîmenek ji Castel Sant'Angelo." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Chateau-saint-ange-tibre.jpg/240px-Chateau-saint-ange-tibre.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Chateau-saint-ange-tibre.jpg/360px-Chateau-saint-ange-tibre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Chateau-saint-ange-tibre.jpg/480px-Chateau-saint-ange-tibre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Dîmenek ji Castel Sant'Angelo.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 223.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 221.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Trevi_Fountain_-_Roma.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Şîpa Trevî."><img alt="Şîpa Trevî." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Trevi_Fountain_-_Roma.jpg/332px-Trevi_Fountain_-_Roma.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Trevi_Fountain_-_Roma.jpg/498px-Trevi_Fountain_-_Roma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Trevi_Fountain_-_Roma.jpg/664px-Trevi_Fountain_-_Roma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8734" data-file-height="4738" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 202px"><div class="gallerytext">Şîpa Trevî.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Sant%27Angelo_bridge,_dusk,_Rome,_Italy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Di dema êvarê de, Pira Sant'Angelo."><img alt="Di dema êvarê de, Pira Sant'Angelo." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Sant%27Angelo_bridge%2C_dusk%2C_Rome%2C_Italy.jpg/358px-Sant%27Angelo_bridge%2C_dusk%2C_Rome%2C_Italy.jpg" decoding="async" width="239" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Sant%27Angelo_bridge%2C_dusk%2C_Rome%2C_Italy.jpg/537px-Sant%27Angelo_bridge%2C_dusk%2C_Rome%2C_Italy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Sant%27Angelo_bridge%2C_dusk%2C_Rome%2C_Italy.jpg/716px-Sant%27Angelo_bridge%2C_dusk%2C_Rome%2C_Italy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4508" data-file-height="2268" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 219px"><div class="gallerytext">Di dema êvarê de, Pira Sant'Angelo.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 232px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bazîlîka St. Petrûs li Vatîkanê."><img alt="Bazîlîka St. Petrûs li Vatîkanê." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/345px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/518px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/690px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13066" data-file-height="6823" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 210px"><div class="gallerytext">Bazîlîka St. Petrûs li Vatîkanê.</div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Avhewa">Avhewa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Beşê biguhêre: Avhewa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Avhewa"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Avhewaya Romayê xwedî avhewaya Deryaya Navîn (Köppen dabeşkirina avhewayê:Csa) ku bi havînan germ e û bi zivistanan jî nerm û şil e. </p><p>Germahiya navîn bajêr salane bi roj ji 21 °C û bi şev jî 9 °C (santîgrat) e. Di meha herî sar a meha çileyê de, germahiya navîn bi roj 12,6 °C û bi şev 2,1 °C e. Meha herî germ, germahiya meha Tebaxê, germahiya navîn bi roj 31,7 °C û bi şev 17,3 °C e. </p><p>Mehên Kanûn, Rêbendan û Sibat mehên herî sar in ku germahiya navînî ya rojane bi qasî 8 °C e. Germahiya di van mehan de bi gelemperî di navbera 10 û 15 °C de bi roj û di navbera 3 û 5 °C de ye. Germahî bi şev diguhere, ku pir caran sar yan jî germtir dibe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çavkanî"><span id=".C3.87avkan.C3.AE"></span>Çavkanî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çavkanî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Çavkanî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1068480">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1850135">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCIS_POPRES1">"Popolazione residente al 1° gennaio"</a>. <i>dati.istat.it</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Roja gihiştinê 11 hezîran 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=Strabo%2C+Geography%2C+book+5%2C+chapter+3%2C+section+3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3Durn%3Acts%3AgreekLit%3Atlg0099.tlg001.perseus-grc1%3A5.3.3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/5C*.html">"Strabo's Geography"</a>. <i>penelope.uchicago.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. rr. 101–132. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-3-540-79687-9" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-3-540-79687-9"><bdi>978-3-540-79687-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Entwicklungsmerkmale+unehelicher+Kinder&rft.place=Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.pages=101-132&rft.pub=Springer+Berlin+Heidelberg&rft.date=1964&rft.isbn=978-3-540-79687-9&rft.aulast=Schadendorf&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-3-642-88558-7_4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFHeil2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Heil, Meredith (29 gulan 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/great-fire-rome-background/1446/">"The Great Fire of Rome ~ Background | Secrets of the Dead | PBS"</a>. <i>Secrets of the Dead</i> (bi îngilîziya amerîkî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 11 hezîran 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Secrets+of+the+Dead&rft.atitle=The+Great+Fire+of+Rome+~+Background+%7C+Secrets+of+the+Dead+%7C+PBS&rft.date=2014-05-29&rft.aulast=Heil&rft.aufirst=Meredith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwnet%2Fsecrets%2Fgreat-fire-rome-background%2F1446%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/great-fire-rome">"Great Fire of Rome"</a>. <i>education.nationalgeographic.org</i> (bi îngilîzî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 11 hezîran 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=education.nationalgeographic.org&rft.atitle=Great+Fire+of+Rome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feducation.nationalgeographic.org%2Fresource%2Fgreat-fire-rome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFTellier2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tellier, Luc-Normand (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cXuCjDbxC1YC&pg=PA185"><i>Urban World History: An Economic and Geographical Perspective</i></a> (bi îngilîzî). PUQ. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-2-7605-2209-1" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-2-7605-2209-1"><bdi>978-2-7605-2209-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Urban+World+History%3A+An+Economic+and+Geographical+Perspective&rft.pub=PUQ&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-2-7605-2209-1&rft.aulast=Tellier&rft.aufirst=Luc-Normand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcXuCjDbxC1YC%26pg%3DPA185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130130090938/http://www.mandatory.com/2013/01/24/the-16-greatest-cities-in-human-history/9">"travel, history, civilizations, greatest cities, largest cities, Rome - Mandatory"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 30 kanûna paşîn 2013. Ji <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mandatory.com/2013/01/24/the-16-greatest-cities-in-human-history/9">orîjînalê</a> di 30 kanûna paşîn 2013 de hat arşîvkirin<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 11 hezîran 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=travel%2C+history%2C+civilizations%2C+greatest+cities%2C+largest+cities%2C+Rome+-+Mandatory&rft.date=2013-01-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mandatory.com%2F2013%2F01%2F24%2Fthe-16-greatest-cities-in-human-history%2F9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12134b.htm">"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Pius IX"</a>. <i>www.newadvent.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 11 hezîran 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.newadvent.org&rft.atitle=CATHOLIC+ENCYCLOPEDIA%3A+Pope+Pius+IX&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F12134b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFBaily2015" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Baily, Virginia (25 tîrmeh 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/25/liberation-of-rome-italian-imagination">"How the Nazi occupation of Rome has gripped Italy's cultural imagination"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i> (bi îngilîziya brîtanî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 11 hezîran 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+the+Nazi+occupation+of+Rome+has+gripped+Italy%E2%80%99s+cultural+imagination&rft.date=2015-07-25&rft.aulast=Baily&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2015%2Fjul%2F25%2Fliberation-of-rome-italian-imagination&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Girêdanên_derve"><span id="Gir.C3.AAdan.C3.AAn_derve"></span>Girêdanên derve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Beşê biguhêre: Girêdanên derve" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Girêdanên derve"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject plainlinks" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Li <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> medyayên di warê <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rome?uselang=ku-latn">Roma</a></b></i> de hene.</div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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otorîte">Danegehên kontrola otorîteyê</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220#identifiers" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navneteweyî</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204500/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/251380480">VIAF</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/6280157416838916710001">2</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/445149106006268490419">3</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/243431474">4</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqfPdVkJT8KqM83krFMyd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neteweyî</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX450803">Spanya</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Rome (Italie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932804j">Fransa</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Rome (Italie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932804j">BnF data</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Roma (Itàlia)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058615463106706">Ketelonya</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4050471-2">Almanya</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Roma"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV001723">Îtalya</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007554809305171">Îsraêl</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79018704">DYA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00660798">Japon</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Řím (Itálie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge131746&CON_LNG=ENG">Komara Çekî</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Rome (Italy)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35841915">Awistralya</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record10657">Yewnanistan</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810569243005606">Polonya</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Roma"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/18130">Vatîkan</a></abbr></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cografî</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/dccd77b2-bd3d-49eb-a98f-fd58e87f481e">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/423025">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Însan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Rome Italy."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1111594">Trove</a></abbr></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yên din</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/006605">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044604">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Rome (Italie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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