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id="toc-January–March" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ongoing_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ongoing_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Ongoing events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ongoing_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Births-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Births subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deaths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>January–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>July–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1848</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 176 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-176" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">176 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1848 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1848 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1848 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1848 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B4%DB%B8_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۸۴۸ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۸۴۸ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AE" title="১৮৪৮ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৮৪৮" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_n%C3%AE" title="1848 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1848 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1848 йыл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="1848 йыл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848." title="1848. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1848." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1848 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1848 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B4%DB%B8" title="۱۸۴۸ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۸۴۸" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%E5%B9%B4" title="1848年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1848年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%EB%85%84" title="1848년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1848년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%AE" title="१८४८ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१८४८" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848." title="1848. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1848." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AE" title="মারি ১৮৪৮ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৮৪৮" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1848-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1848-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AE%E0%B3%AA%E0%B3%AE" title="೧೮೪೮ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೮೪೮" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1848 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1848 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1848 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1848 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="1848-ӧд во – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1848-ӧд во" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1848 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1848 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B8" title="1848 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1848 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848._gads" title="1848. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1848. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1848 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1848 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_m." title="1848 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1848 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848moi" title="1848moi – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="1848moi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%AE" title="१८४८ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१८४८" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%AE" title="इ.स. १८४८ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १८४८" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B4%DB%B8" title="۱۸۴۸ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۸۴۸" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1848 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1848 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="1848 он – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="1848 он" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%88%E1%81%84%E1%81%88" title="၁၈၄၈ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၈၄၈" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%AE" title="ई सं १८४८ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ई सं १८४८" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%E5%B9%B4" title="1848年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1848年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1848 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1848 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%AA%E0%AD%AE" title="୧୮୪୮ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୮୪୮" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%AE" title="१८४८ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१८४८" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_1848" title="Joohr 1848 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 1848" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1848 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1848 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%AE" title="१८४८ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१८४८" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%D8%B9" title="1848ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1848ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A8%D9%A4%D9%A8" title="١٨٤٨ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٨٤٨" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848." title="1848. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1848." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1848 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1848 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2391" title="พ.ศ. 2391 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2391" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1848" title="Соли 1848 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1848" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%D8%A1" title="1848ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1848ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848_nienz" title="1848 nienz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="1848 nienz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%E5%B9%B4" title="1848年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1848年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%E5%B9%B4" title="1848年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1848年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848%E5%B9%B4" title="1848年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1848年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848" title="1848 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1848" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7647#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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For the film, see <a href="/wiki/1848_(film)" title="1848 (film)">1848 (film)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1820s" title="1820s">1820s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1830s" title="1830s">1830s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1840s" title="1840s">1840s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1850s" title="1850s">1850s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860s" title="1860s">1860s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1845" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1845">1845</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1846" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1846">1846</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1847" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1847">1847</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1848" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1848">1848</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1849" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1849">1849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1850" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1850">1850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1851" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1851">1851</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1848" title="Category:1848">1848 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Humanities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_archaeology" title="1848 in archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_architecture" title="1848 in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_art" title="1848 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_literature" title="1848 in literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_poetry" title="1848 in poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_music" title="1848 in music">Music</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> By country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Australia" title="1848 in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Belgium" title="1848 in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Brazil" title="1848 in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Canada" title="1848 in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_China" title="1848 in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Denmark" title="1848 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_France" title="1848 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Germany" title="1848 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="1848 in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Mexico" title="1848 in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_New_Zealand" title="1848 in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Norway" title="1848 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Russia" title="1848 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_South_Africa" title="1848 in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Spain" title="1848 in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_Sweden" title="1848 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1848 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_the_United_States" title="1848 in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Other topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_rail_transport" title="1848 in rail transport">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_science" title="1848 in science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_sports" title="1848 in sports">Sports</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Lists of leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_entities_in_the_19th_century" title="List of political entities in the 19th century">Sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1848" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1848">Sovereign state leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_19th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century">Territorial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_19th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 19th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1848_in_law" title="Category:1848 in law">Law</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1848_births" title="Category:1848 births">Births</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1848_deaths" title="Category:1848 deaths">Deaths</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1848_establishments" title="Category:1848 establishments">Establishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1848_disestablishments" title="Category:1848 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1848_works" title="Category:1848 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1848 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1848<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCCCXLVIII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2601</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1297<br />ԹՎ ՌՄՂԷ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6598</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí calendar</a></td><td>4–5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1769–1770</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1254–1255</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2798</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">British Regnal year</a></td><td>11 <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Vict. 1</a> – 12 <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Vict. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2392</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1210</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7356–7357</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">丁未</a>年 (Fire <a href="/wiki/Goat_(zodiac)" title="Goat (zodiac)">Goat</a>)<br />4545 or 4338<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />戊申年 (Earth <a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />4546 or 4339</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1564–1565</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>3014</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1840–1841</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5608–5609</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1904–1905</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1769–1770</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4948–4949</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11848</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>848–849</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1226–1227</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1264–1265</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dka" title="Kōka">Kōka</a> 5 / <a href="/wiki/Kaei" title="Kaei">Kaei</a> 1<br />(嘉永元年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1775–1777</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 12 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>4181</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>64 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前64年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>380</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2390–2391</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴火羊年<br />(female Fire-<a href="/wiki/Goat_(zodiac)" title="Goat (zodiac)">Goat</a>)<br />1974 or 1593 or 821<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳土猴年<br />(male Earth-<a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />1975 or 1594 or 822</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1848" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1848">1848</a></span>.</div></div> </div><p><b>1848</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCCCXLVIII</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Saturday" title="Leap year starting on Saturday">leap year starting on Saturday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Thursday" title="Leap year starting on Thursday">leap year starting on Thursday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1848th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 848th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 48th year of the <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a>, and the 9th year of the <a href="/wiki/1840s" title="1840s">1840s</a> decade. As of the start of 1848, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <p>1848 is historically famous for the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">wave of revolutions</a>, a series of widespread struggles for more <a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">liberal</a> governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the political and philosophical landscape and had major ramifications throughout the rest of the century. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ereignisblatt_aus_den_revolution%C3%A4ren_M%C3%A4rztagen_18.-19._M%C3%A4rz_1848_mit_einer_Barrikadenszene_aus_der_Breiten_Strasse,_Berlin_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cheering revolutionaries in Berlin, on March 19, 1848, with the new flag of Germany"><img alt="Cheering revolutionaries in Berlin, on March 19, 1848, with the new flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ereignisblatt_aus_den_revolution%C3%A4ren_M%C3%A4rztagen_18.-19._M%C3%A4rz_1848_mit_einer_Barrikadenszene_aus_der_Breiten_Strasse%2C_Berlin_01.jpg/250px-Ereignisblatt_aus_den_revolution%C3%A4ren_M%C3%A4rztagen_18.-19._M%C3%A4rz_1848_mit_einer_Barrikadenszene_aus_der_Breiten_Strasse%2C_Berlin_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ereignisblatt_aus_den_revolution%C3%A4ren_M%C3%A4rztagen_18.-19._M%C3%A4rz_1848_mit_einer_Barrikadenszene_aus_der_Breiten_Strasse%2C_Berlin_01.jpg/330px-Ereignisblatt_aus_den_revolution%C3%A4ren_M%C3%A4rztagen_18.-19._M%C3%A4rz_1848_mit_einer_Barrikadenszene_aus_der_Breiten_Strasse%2C_Berlin_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="899" data-file-height="705" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cheering <a href="/wiki/German_revolutions_of_1848%E2%80%9349" class="mw-redirect" title="German revolutions of 1848–49">revolutionaries</a> in Berlin, on March 19, 1848, with the new <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Germany" title="Flag of Germany">flag of Germany</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippoteaux_-_Lamartine_in_front_of_the_Town_Hall_of_Paris_rejects_the_red_flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="French Revolution of 1848: Republican riots force King Louis-Philippe to abdicate"><img alt="French Revolution of 1848: Republican riots force King Louis-Philippe to abdicate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Philippoteaux_-_Lamartine_in_front_of_the_Town_Hall_of_Paris_rejects_the_red_flag.jpg/250px-Philippoteaux_-_Lamartine_in_front_of_the_Town_Hall_of_Paris_rejects_the_red_flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Philippoteaux_-_Lamartine_in_front_of_the_Town_Hall_of_Paris_rejects_the_red_flag.jpg/330px-Philippoteaux_-_Lamartine_in_front_of_the_Town_Hall_of_Paris_rejects_the_red_flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Philippoteaux_-_Lamartine_in_front_of_the_Town_Hall_of_Paris_rejects_the_red_flag.jpg/500px-Philippoteaux_-_Lamartine_in_front_of_the_Town_Hall_of_Paris_rejects_the_red_flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5619" data-file-height="2900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">French Revolution of 1848: Republican riots force King <a href="/wiki/Louis-Philippe" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Philippe">Louis-Philippe</a> to abdicate</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeitgen%C3%B6ssige_Lithografie_der_Nationalversammlung_in_der_Paulskirche.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="German National Assembly's meeting in St. Paul's Church"><img alt="German National Assembly's meeting in St. Paul's Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zeitgen%C3%B6ssige_Lithografie_der_Nationalversammlung_in_der_Paulskirche.jpg/180px-Zeitgen%C3%B6ssige_Lithografie_der_Nationalversammlung_in_der_Paulskirche.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zeitgen%C3%B6ssige_Lithografie_der_Nationalversammlung_in_der_Paulskirche.jpg/270px-Zeitgen%C3%B6ssige_Lithografie_der_Nationalversammlung_in_der_Paulskirche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zeitgen%C3%B6ssige_Lithografie_der_Nationalversammlung_in_der_Paulskirche.jpg/360px-Zeitgen%C3%B6ssige_Lithografie_der_Nationalversammlung_in_der_Paulskirche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3364" data-file-height="2229" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Parliament">German National Assembly's</a> meeting in St. Paul's Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C3%A1kozdi_csata.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Battle of Pákozd in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848"><img alt="Battle of Pákozd in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/P%C3%A1kozdi_csata.jpg/180px-P%C3%A1kozdi_csata.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/P%C3%A1kozdi_csata.jpg/270px-P%C3%A1kozdi_csata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/P%C3%A1kozdi_csata.jpg/360px-P%C3%A1kozdi_csata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3550" data-file-height="2308" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%C3%A1kozd" title="Battle of Pákozd">Battle of Pákozd</a> in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848</div> </li> </ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Texas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/220px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/330px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/440px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo" title="Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo">Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo</a> is signed, ending the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a> and ceding all the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</a>'s territorial claims to the United States for $15m.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Communist-manifesto.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Communist-manifesto.png/220px-Communist-manifesto.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Communist-manifesto.png/330px-Communist-manifesto.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Communist-manifesto.png/440px-Communist-manifesto.png 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="815" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/February_21" title="February 21">February 21</a>: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a> publishes <i><a href="/wiki/The_Communist_Manifesto" title="The Communist Manifesto">The Communist Manifesto</a></i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chartist_meeting,_Kennington_Common.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chartist_meeting%2C_Kennington_Common.jpg/220px-Chartist_meeting%2C_Kennington_Common.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chartist_meeting%2C_Kennington_Common.jpg/330px-Chartist_meeting%2C_Kennington_Common.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chartist_meeting%2C_Kennington_Common.jpg/440px-Chartist_meeting%2C_Kennington_Common.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1499" data-file-height="1073" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a>: "Monster Rally" of <a href="/wiki/Chartism" title="Chartism">Chartists</a> held on <a href="/wiki/Kennington_Common" title="Kennington Common">Kennington Common</a> in London; the first photograph of a crowd depicts it.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">January 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Jenkins_Roberts" title="Joseph Jenkins Roberts">Joseph Jenkins Roberts</a> is sworn in as the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Liberia" title="President of Liberia">president</a> of the independent African <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Liberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Liberia">Republic of Liberia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_12" title="January 12">January 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_revolution_of_1848" title="Sicilian revolution of 1848">Sicilian revolution of 1848</a>: The Palermo rising erupts in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> against the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">Bourbon</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/California_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="California Gold Rush">California Gold Rush</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_W._Marshall" title="James W. Marshall">James W. Marshall</a> finds <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sutter%27s_Mill" title="Sutter's Mill">Sutter's Mill</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Coloma,_California" title="Coloma, California">Coloma, California</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">January 31</a> – In the United States: <ul><li>Construction of the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Monument" title="Washington Monument">Washington Monument</a> begins in Washington, D.C.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">John C. Frémont</a> is court-martialed on grounds of mutiny and disobeying orders. The verdict is set aside by U.S. President <a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a>, but Frémont retires to <a href="/wiki/California_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="California Territory">California Territory</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a>: <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo" title="Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo">Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo</a> – Mexico cedes virtually all of what becomes the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a> to the U.S. The unincorporated <a href="/wiki/California_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="California Territory">California Territory</a> becomes a provisional official possession; it is never organized by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">territory</a>, but directly passes the requirements for statehood in <a href="/wiki/1850" title="1850">1850</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">John Henry Newman</a> founds the first <a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_Saint_Philip_Neri" title="Oratory of Saint Philip Neri">Oratory</a> in the English-speaking world, when he establishes the <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Oratory" title="Birmingham Oratory">Birmingham Oratory</a> at 'Maryvale', <a href="/wiki/Old_Oscott" title="Old Oscott">Old Oscott</a>, England.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Bird_Sumner" title="John Bird Sumner">John Bird Sumner</a> is nominated as <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_21" title="February 21">February 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a> publish <i><a href="/wiki/The_Communist_Manifesto" title="The Communist Manifesto">The Communist Manifesto</a></i> (<i>Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei</i>) in London.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_23" title="February 23">February 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution_of_1848" title="French Revolution of 1848">French Revolution of 1848</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Guizot" title="François Guizot">François Guizot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_France" title="Prime Minister of France">Prime Minister of France</a>, resigns; 52 people from the Paris mob are killed by soldiers guarding public buildings.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a>, King of the French, abdicates in favour of his grandson, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippe,_Count_of_Paris" title="Prince Philippe, Count of Paris">Prince Philippe, Count of Paris</a>, and flees to England after days of revolution in Paris. The <a href="/wiki/French_Second_Republic" title="French Second Republic">French Second Republic</a> is later proclaimed by <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_de_Lamartine" title="Alphonse de Lamartine">Alphonse de Lamartine</a>, in the name of the provisional government elected by the Chamber, under the pressure of the mob.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2" title="March 2">March 2</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Marsoroligheterna" class="mw-redirect" title="Marsoroligheterna">March Unrest</a> breaks out in Sweden.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_4" title="March 4">March 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_of_Savoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Albert of Savoy">Carlo Alberto di Savoia</a> signs the <i><a href="/wiki/Statuto_Albertino" title="Statuto Albertino">Statuto Albertino</a></i> that will later represent the first <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy" title="Constitution of Italy">constitution</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Regno d'Italia</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">March 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Comptoir_national_d%27escompte_de_Paris" title="Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris">Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris</a>, predecessor of European bank <a href="/wiki/BNP_Paribas" title="BNP Paribas">BNP Paribas</a>, is founded by decree of the <a href="/wiki/French_Provisional_Government_of_1848" title="French Provisional Government of 1848">French Provisional Government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">March 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis-Hippolyte_Lafontaine" title="Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine">Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Baldwin" title="Robert Baldwin">Robert Baldwin</a> become the first <a href="/wiki/Joint_Premiers_of_the_Province_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada">Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada</a> to be democratically elected under a system of <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">responsible government</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">March 13</a> – Prince <a href="/wiki/Klemens_von_Metternich" title="Klemens von Metternich">Klemens von Metternich</a> gives up office as <a href="/wiki/State_Chancellor_of_the_Austrian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="State Chancellor of the Austrian Empire">State Chancellor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Minister_of_the_Austrian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Minister of the Austrian Empire">Foreign Minister of the Austrian Empire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">March 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a>: The Hungarian young revolutionary intellectuals, led by <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Pet%C5%91fi" title="Sándor Petőfi">Sándor Petőfi</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3r_J%C3%B3kai" title="Mór Jókai">Mór Jókai</a> and others, called the Márciusi Ifjak (Young men of March) organize peaceful mass demonstrations in Pest, forcing the city's Habsburg authorities to accept the <a href="/wiki/12_points_of_the_Hungarian_Revolutionaries_of_1848" title="12 points of the Hungarian Revolutionaries of 1848">12 Points</a>: the Hungarian claim for freedom and <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Habsburg Empire</a>. On the same day, <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Kossuth" title="Lajos Kossuth">Lajos Kossuth</a> and representatives of the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet of Hungary</a> go to <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, and force the emperor and Hungarian king <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand I of Austria</a> to accept Hungarian claims for self-determination within the empire.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> <ul><li>At a <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> barricade, fighting between revolutionaries and royalist forces marks the culmination of the <a href="/wiki/German_revolutions_of_1848%E2%80%9349" class="mw-redirect" title="German revolutions of 1848–49">German revolutions of 1848–49</a>. As a result, King <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_IV_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William IV of Prussia">Frederick William IV of Prussia</a> is forced to appoint a liberal government.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a> is founded by an act of the <a href="/wiki/Great_and_General_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Great and General Court">Great and General Court</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">March 22</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_San_Marco" title="Republic of San Marco">Republic of San Marco</a> comes into existence in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_23" title="March 23">March 23</a> – The settlement of <a href="/wiki/Dunedin" title="Dunedin">Dunedin</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> is founded, with the arrival of settlers from Scotland on board the <i><a href="/wiki/John_Wickliffe_(ship)" title="John Wickliffe (ship)">John Wickliffe</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_24" title="March 24">March 24</a> – The <a href="/wiki/First_Schleswig_War" title="First Schleswig War">First Schleswig War</a> (German: <i lang="de">Schleswig-Holsteinischer Krieg</i>, or Three Years' War (Danish: <i lang="da">Treårskrigen</i>)), a military conflict in southern Denmark and northern Germany rooted in the <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Schleswig-Holstein Question">Schleswig-Holstein Question</a>, contesting the issue of who should control the Duchies of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Schleswig" title="Duchy of Schleswig">Schleswig</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holstein" title="Holstein">Holstein</a>, begins.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">March 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_College,_London" title="Queen's College, London">Queen's College, London</a>, founded, the world's first school to award academic qualifications to young women.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_3" title="April 3">April 3</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Board_of_Trade" title="Chicago Board of Trade">Chicago Board of Trade</a> is founded by 82 <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> merchants and business leaders.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> <ul><li>A <a href="/wiki/Chartism" title="Chartism">Chartist</a> 'Monster Rally' is held in <a href="/wiki/Kennington_Park" title="Kennington Park">Kennington Park</a> London, headed by <a href="/wiki/Feargus_O%27Connor" title="Feargus O'Connor">Feargus O'Connor</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Chartism#1848_petition" title="Chartism">petition demanding the franchise</a> is presented to the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Illinois_and_Michigan_Canal" title="Illinois and Michigan Canal">Illinois and Michigan Canal</a> is completed.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_11" title="April 11">April 11</a> – The first Hungarian national government is formed, under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Batthy%C3%A1ny" title="Lajos Batthyány">Lajos Batthyány</a>. The <a href="/wiki/April_Laws" title="April Laws">April Laws</a>, the first democratic revolutionary laws in <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, are promulgated, putting an end to the <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudal privileges of the nobility</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serfdom" title="Serfdom">serfdom</a>; proclaiming the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">freedom of religion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">freedom of the press</a> and foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a>; and organising the first democratic <a href="/wiki/Election" title="Election">election</a> in Hungary based in popular representation, a national guard and reunion of <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a> with Hungary. The Habsburg emperor, and Hungarian king <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand I of Austria</a>, ratify these laws, which form the basis of modern Hungary.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a> breaks out in the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab (region)">Punjab</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_25" title="April 25">April 25</a> – Captain <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crozier" title="Francis Crozier">Francis Crozier</a> and Commander <a href="/wiki/James_Fitzjames" title="James Fitzjames">James Fitzjames</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> deposit the final formal record ever recovered from the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Expedition">Franklin Expedition</a> in a cairn on <a href="/wiki/King_William_Island" title="King William Island">King William Island</a>, after deserting their ships, HMS <i>Erebus</i> and HMS <i>Terror</i>, with their surviving 105 crew members on April 22 to attempt to march to the mainland of North America.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – The second abolition of slavery in France and its colonies initiated by <a href="/wiki/Victor_Sch%C5%93lcher" title="Victor Schœlcher">Victor Schœlcher</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_29" title="April 29">April 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a> publishes an allocution announcing his refusal to support Piedmont-Sardinia in its war with Austria, and dispelling hopes that he might serve as ruler of a pan-Italian republic. The allocution, by which Pius is seen to withdraw his moral support for the <a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">Italian unification</a> movement, is a key first step in the soon-to-be crushing reaction against the revolutions of 1848.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">May 3</a> – The boar-crested <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon">Anglo-Saxon</a> <a href="/wiki/Benty_Grange_helmet" title="Benty Grange helmet">Benty Grange helmet</a> is discovered in a <a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">barrow</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Benty_Grange" title="Benty Grange">Benty Grange</a> farm in <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_13" title="May 13">May 13</a> – "<a href="/wiki/Maamme" title="Maamme">Maamme</a>", the <a href="/wiki/National_anthem" title="National anthem">national anthem</a> of Finland written by German composer <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Pacius" title="Fredrik Pacius">Fredrik Pacius</a> and Finnish poet <a href="/wiki/Johan_Ludvig_Runeberg" title="Johan Ludvig Runeberg">Johan Ludvig Runeberg</a>, was performed for the first time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15" title="May 15">May 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radicalism_(historical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Radicalism (historical)">Radicals</a> invade the French <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(France)" title="Chamber of Deputies (France)">Chamber of Deputies</a>.</li> <li>40,000 <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a> meet at <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2mpia_Libert%C4%83%C8%9Bii" title="Câmpia Libertății">Câmpia Libertății</a> in <a href="/wiki/Blaj" title="Blaj">Blaj</a>, to protest <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a> becoming a part of Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-Stoica1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stoica1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_18" title="May 18">May 18</a> – The '<a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Parliament">Frankfurt Parliament</a>' (<i>Nationalversammlung</i>), the first German National Assembly, opens in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_19" title="May 19">May 19</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo" title="Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo">Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo</a> of February 2, ending the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a>, is ratified by the Mexican government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_29" title="May 29">May 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> is admitted as the 30th <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Prudential_plc" title="Prudential plc">Prudential</a> Mutual Assurance Investment and Loan Association is established at <a href="/wiki/Hatton_Garden" title="Hatton Garden">Hatton Garden</a> in London (England) to provide loans to professional and working people, origin of the multinational life <a href="/wiki/Insurance" title="Insurance">insurance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Financial" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial">financial</a> services group.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June" title="June">June</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Serbians" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbians">Serbians</a> from <a href="/wiki/Vojvodina" title="Vojvodina">Vojvodina</a> start a rebellion against the Hungarian government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2" title="June 2">June 2</a>–<a href="/wiki/June_12" title="June 12">12</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Prague_Slavic_Congress,_1848" title="Prague Slavic Congress, 1848">Prague Slavic Congress</a> brings together members of the <a href="/wiki/Pan-Slavism" title="Pan-Slavism">Pan-Slavism</a> movement.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_17" title="June 17">June 17</a> – The Austrian army bombards <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, and crushes a working-class revolt.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wallachian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Wallachian Revolution of 1848">Wallachian Revolution of 1848</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Islaz" title="Proclamation of Islaz">Proclamation of Islaz</a> is made public, and a <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanian</a> revolutionary government led by <a href="/wiki/Ion_Heliade_R%C4%83dulescu" title="Ion Heliade Rădulescu">Ion Heliade Rădulescu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Tell" title="Christian Tell">Christian Tell</a> is created.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_22" title="June 22">June 22</a> – The French government dissolves the <a href="/wiki/National_Workshops" title="National Workshops">national workshops</a> in Paris, giving the workers the choice of joining the army or going to workshops in the provinces. The following day, the <a href="/wiki/June_Days_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="June Days Uprising">June Days Uprising</a> begins in response.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1948matalerebellion.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/1948matalerebellion.JPG/220px-1948matalerebellion.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/1948matalerebellion.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="282" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a>: <a href="/wiki/Matale_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Matale Rebellion">Matale Rebellion</a> begins in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gedenkblatt_1874.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gedenkblatt_1874.jpg/250px-Gedenkblatt_1874.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gedenkblatt_1874.jpg/330px-Gedenkblatt_1874.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gedenkblatt_1874.jpg/500px-Gedenkblatt_1874.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3343" data-file-height="4219" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Confederation" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss Confederation">Swiss Confederation</a> reconstitutes itself as a <a href="/wiki/Federal_republic" title="Federal republic">federal republic</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July" title="July">July</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Public_Health_Act_1848" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Health Act 1848">Public Health Act</a> establishes <a href="/wiki/Local_board_of_health" title="Local board of health">Boards of Health</a> across <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a>, the nation's first public health law, giving cities broad authority to build modern sanitary systems.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_3" title="July 3">July 3</a> – Governor-General <a href="/wiki/Peter_von_Scholten" title="Peter von Scholten">Peter von Scholten</a> emancipates all remaining slaves in the <a href="/wiki/Danish_West_Indies" title="Danish West Indies">Danish West Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_5" title="July 5">July 5</a> – The Hungarian national revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> starts to work.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">July 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterloo station">Waterloo</a> railway station in London opens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_19" title="July 19">July 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Seneca_Falls_Convention" title="Seneca Falls Convention">Seneca Falls Convention</a>: The 2-day <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a> convention opens in <a href="/wiki/Seneca_Falls,_New_York" title="Seneca Falls, New York">Seneca Falls, New York</a>; "<a href="/wiki/Bloomers_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomers (clothing)">Bloomers</a>" are introduced.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Matale_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Matale Rebellion">Matale Rebellion</a> breaks out against <a href="/wiki/British_Ceylon" title="British Ceylon">British rule</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a> is founded.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Young_Irelander_Rebellion_of_1848" class="mw-redirect" title="Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848">Young Irelander Rebellion</a>: A nationalist revolt in <a href="/wiki/County_Tipperary" title="County Tipperary">County Tipperary</a>, against British rule, is put down by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Irish_Constabulary" title="Royal Irish Constabulary">Irish Constabulary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/HMS_Daedalus_(1826)" title="HMS Daedalus (1826)">HMS <i>Daedalus</i></a> reports a sighting of a sea serpent.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_14" title="August 14">August 14</a> – American President <a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a> annexes the <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Country" title="Oregon Country">Oregon Country</a>, and renames it the <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Territory" title="Oregon Territory">Oregon Territory</a> as part of the United States.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_17" title="August 17">August 17</a> – The Independent <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Republic of Yucatán">Republic of Yucatán</a> officially unites with Mexico, in exchange for Mexican help in suppressing a revolt by the indigenous <a href="/wiki/Maya_peoples" title="Maya peoples">Maya</a> population.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/California_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="California Gold Rush">California Gold Rush</a>: The <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a></i> breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States that there is a <a href="/wiki/Gold_rush" title="Gold rush">gold rush</a> in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> (although the rush started in January).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24</a> – The U.S. <a href="/wiki/Barque" title="Barque">barque</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Monarch_(barque)" title="Ocean Monarch (barque)">Ocean Monarch</a></i> is burnt out off the <a href="/wiki/Great_Orme" title="Great Orme">Great Orme</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Wales" title="North Wales">North Wales</a>, with the loss of 178, chiefly emigrants.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_28" title="August 28">August 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louisy_Mathieu" title="Louisy Mathieu">Louisy Mathieu</a> becomes the first black member to join the <a href="/wiki/French_Parliament" title="French Parliament">French Parliament</a>, as a representative of <a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">September 10</a> – The Austrian commander <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Urban" title="Karl von Urban">Karl von Urban</a> makes the first stand against the Revolution in Hungary, assembling in his headquarters in Năsăud hundreds of delegates from all districts of the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1711%E2%80%931867)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867)">Principality of Transylvania</a>. As a result, 918 communities in the region distance themselves from the Revolution.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">September 11</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatian</a> army of <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a>, encouraged in secret by the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburg</a> government, crosses the <a href="/wiki/Drava" title="Drava">Drava</a> River and attacks Hungary, with the goal of ending the revolution in that country.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a> – One of the successes of the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Federal_Constitution" title="Swiss Federal Constitution">Swiss Federal Constitution</a>, patterned on the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution of the United States</a>, enters into force, creating a <a href="/wiki/Federal_republic" title="Federal republic">federal republic</a>, and one of the first modern <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democratic</a> states in Europe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> railroad worker <a href="/wiki/Phineas_Gage" title="Phineas Gage">Phineas Gage</a> survives a 3-foot-plus iron rod being driven through his head.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">September 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Cranch_Bond" title="William Cranch Bond">William Cranch Bond</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Lassell" title="William Lassell">William Lassell</a> discover <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(moon)" title="Hyperion (moon)">Hyperion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">moon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">September 25</a> – The Hungarian king and <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburg</a> emperor <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand V</a> refuses to recognise the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian government">Hungarian government</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Batthy%C3%A1ny" title="Lajos Batthyány">Lajos Batthyány</a>. The Batthyány government resigns and the National Defence Committee is formed, which is a temporary crisis government, totally independent from Vienna, under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Kossuth" title="Lajos Kossuth">Lajos Kossuth</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">September 26</a> – The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ottawa" title="University of Ottawa">University of Ottawa</a> is founded in Canada as the College of Bytown, a Roman Catholic institution.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_29" title="September 29">September 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%C3%A1kozd" title="Battle of Pákozd">Battle of Pákozd</a>: The Hungarian revolutionary army, led by János Móga, defeats the <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatian</a> army of <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a>, forcing him to retreat towards <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_2" title="October 2">October 2</a> – The National Defence Committee (<i>Országos Honvédelmi Bizottmány</i>), led by <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Kossuth" title="Lajos Kossuth">Lajos Kossuth</a>, becomes the executive power in Hungary, after the resignation of the <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Batthy%C3%A1ny" title="Lajos Batthyány">Lajos Batthyány</a> government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">October 3</a> – General Anton Puchner, commander of the Austrian armies of <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>, declares insurrection against Hungary, and, together with <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Urban" title="Karl von Urban">Karl von Urban</a> in the north and the <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> insurgents led by <a href="/wiki/Avram_Iancu" title="Avram Iancu">Avram Iancu</a>, attacks and chases away the Hungarian armed forces occupying Transylvania.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_18" title="October 18">October 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell">Elizabeth Gaskell</a>'s first novel, <i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Barton" title="Mary Barton">Mary Barton</a>: A Tale of Manchester Life</i>, is published anonymously in London.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_24" title="October 24">October 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanian</a> bands massacre 640 Hungarian civilians at the town of <a href="/wiki/Zlatna" title="Zlatna">Zlatna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MagyarNemzet_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MagyarNemzet-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The massacre <a href="/wiki/1848%E2%80%931849_massacres_in_Transylvania" title="1848–1849 massacres in Transylvania">continues into 1849</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pallas_Akadémia_Könyvkiadó_2010._p._517_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pallas_Akadémia_Könyvkiadó_2010._p._517-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">October 28</a> – In <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, Spain, the <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>–<a href="/wiki/Matar%C3%B3" title="Mataró">Mataró</a> railroad route (the first to be constructed in the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>) is inaugurated.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">October 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schwechat" title="Battle of Schwechat">Battle of Schwechat</a>: Hungarian forces which crossed the Austrian border, in order to unite with the Viennese revolutionaries, are defeated by the imperial army, led by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_I,_Prince_of_Windisch-Gr%C3%A4tz" title="Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz">Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_31" title="October 31">October 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> is occupied by the imperial forces led by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_I,_Prince_of_Windisch-Gr%C3%A4tz" title="Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz">Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz</a>, who crushes the <a href="/wiki/Revolution" title="Revolution">revolution</a> here.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – In <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Medical_school" title="Medical school">medical school</a> for women, the Boston Female Medical School (which later merges with <a href="/wiki/Boston_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Boston University School of Medicine">Boston University School of Medicine</a>), opens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – A new <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Netherlands" title="Constitution of the Netherlands">Constitution of the Netherlands</a> (drafted by <a href="/wiki/Johan_Rudolph_Thorbecke" title="Johan Rudolph Thorbecke">Johan Rudolph Thorbecke</a>), severely limiting the power of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">monarchy</a> and introducing <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative democracy</a>, is proclaimed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – France ratifies a new constitution. The <a href="/wiki/French_Second_Republic" title="French Second Republic">French Second Republic</a> is set up, ending the state of temporary government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_7" title="November 7">November 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848 United States presidential election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a> <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Lewis Cass</a> of <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, in the first <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">U.S. presidential election</a> held in every state on the same day.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">November 13</a> – At the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gherla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Gherla (page does not exist)">Battle of Gherla</a>, the Austrian commander <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Urban" title="Karl von Urban">Karl von Urban</a> wins a victory with his force of 3.000 against the 12.000-strong Hungarian Revolutionary Army led by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Man%C3%B3_Baldacci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manó Baldacci (page does not exist)">Manó Baldacci</a>, the Hungarian commander-in-chief in Transylvania.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_17" title="November 17">November 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Urban" title="Karl von Urban">Karl von Urban</a> liberates <a href="/wiki/Cluj-Napoca" title="Cluj-Napoca">Klausenburg (Cluj-Napoca/Kolozsvár)</a>, the capital of the Principality of Transylvania, during the Hungarian Revolutionary War.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a> flees Rome in disguise for <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>.</li> <li>At the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Second_Battle_of_Dej&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Second Battle of Dej (page does not exist)">Battle of Des</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Urban" title="Karl von Urban">Karl von Urban</a>, with 1.500 men, defeates a Hungarian army of 10.000 led by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katona_Mikl%C3%B3s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katona Miklós (page does not exist)">Katona Miklós</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> – Emperor <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand I of Austria</a> abdicates in favor of his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph</a>, who will serve as <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Austria" title="Emperor of Austria">Emperor of Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">King of Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Bohemian_monarchs" title="List of Bohemian monarchs">Bohemia</a>, until his death in <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – The Austrian imperial army, led by <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schlik" title="Franz Schlik">Franz Schlik</a>, attacks Hungary.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – Prince <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte</a> is elected first president of the <a href="/wiki/French_Second_Republic" title="French Second Republic">French Second Republic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_16" title="December 16">December 16</a> – The main Austrian imperial forces, led by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_I,_Prince_of_Windisch-Gr%C3%A4tz" title="Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz">Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz</a>, cross the Hungarian border.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">December 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a>, the first major settlement in the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Magellan" title="Strait of Magellan">Strait of Magellan</a>, is founded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> <ul><li>President <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a> takes his <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_office" title="Oath of office">oath of office</a> in front of the <a href="/wiki/French_National_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="French National Assembly">French National Assembly</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">Slavery</a> is abolished in <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a> (this day is celebrated every year from <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a>).</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> – Hungarian forces, led by <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Bem" title="Józef Bem">Józef Bem</a>, enter <a href="/wiki/Kolozsv%C3%A1r" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolozsvár">Kolozsvár</a> (Cluj), after defeating the Austrian armies in northern <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_30" title="December 30">December 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%B3r" title="Battle of Mór">Battle of Mór</a>: The imperial army, led by <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a>, defeats the Hungarian army, led by <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3r_Perczel" title="Mór Perczel">Mór Perczel</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>British, Dutch, and German governments lay claim to <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Gennady_Nevelskoy" title="Gennady Nevelskoy">Nevelskoy</a> demonstrates that the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Tartary" title="Strait of Tartary">Strait of Tartary</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Strait" title="Strait">strait</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan" title="Crown Colony of Labuan">Labuan</a> is made a British <a href="/wiki/Crown_colony" title="Crown colony">Crown colony</a>.</li> <li>The city of <a href="/wiki/Joensuu" title="Joensuu">Joensuu</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/North_Karelia" title="North Karelia">North Karelia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> by <a href="/wiki/Czar" class="mw-redirect" title="Czar">Czar</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nicholas I of Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Mississippi" title="University of Mississippi">University of Mississippi</a> admits its first students.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_College" title="Geneva College">Geneva College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>) is founded as Geneva Hall in <a href="/wiki/Northwood,_Logan_County,_Ohio" title="Northwood, Logan County, Ohio">Northwood, Logan County, Ohio</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_College" title="Rhodes College">Rhodes College</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Tennessee" title="Clarksville, Tennessee">Clarksville, Tennessee</a>, as the Masonic University of Tennessee.</li> <li>The Shaker song "<a href="/wiki/Simple_Gifts" title="Simple Gifts">Simple Gifts</a>" is written by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brackett" title="Joseph Brackett">Joseph Brackett</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Maine" title="Alfred, Maine">Alfred, Maine</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a> begins writing the <a href="/wiki/Libretto" title="Libretto">libretto</a> that will become <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Ring_des_Nibelungen" title="Der Ring des Nibelungen">Der Ring des Nibelungen</a></i> ("The Ring of the Nibelung").</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watch" title="Watch">Watch</a> brand <a href="/wiki/Omega_SA" title="Omega SA">Omega</a> is founded by Louis Brandt in <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ongoing_events">Ongoing events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ongoing events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Famine (Ireland)</a> (1845–52).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March_2"><span id="January.E2.80.93March_2"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wyatt_Earp_portrait.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wyatt_Earp_portrait.png/110px-Wyatt_Earp_portrait.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wyatt_Earp_portrait.png/165px-Wyatt_Earp_portrait.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wyatt_Earp_portrait.png/220px-Wyatt_Earp_portrait.png 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="1012" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wyatt_Earp" title="Wyatt Earp">Wyatt Earp</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Otto-lilienthal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Otto-lilienthal.jpg/110px-Otto-lilienthal.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Otto-lilienthal.jpg/165px-Otto-lilienthal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Otto-lilienthal.jpg/220px-Otto-lilienthal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Otto_Lilienthal" title="Otto Lilienthal">Otto Lilienthal</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Gauguin_1891.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Paul_Gauguin_1891.png/120px-Paul_Gauguin_1891.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Paul_Gauguin_1891.png/250px-Paul_Gauguin_1891.png 1.5x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="4502" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Paul Gauguin</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_4" title="January 4">January 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura Tarō</a>, 6th prime minister of Japan (d. <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev" title="Hristo Botev">Hristo Botev</a>, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. <a href="/wiki/1876" title="1876">1876</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_21" title="January 21">January 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henri_Duparc_(composer)" title="Henri Duparc (composer)">Henri Duparc</a>, French composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Surikov" title="Vasily Surikov">Vasily Surikov</a>, Russian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dg%C5%8D_Heihachir%C5%8D" title="Tōgō Heihachirō">Tōgō Heihachirō</a>, Japanese admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">February 5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joris-Karl_Huysmans" title="Joris-Karl Huysmans">Joris-Karl Huysmans</a>, French author (d. <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Starr" title="Belle Starr">Belle Starr</a>, American outlaw (d. <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">February 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Eichhorn" title="Hermann von Eichhorn">Hermann von Eichhorn</a>, German field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">February 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Baillaud" title="Benjamin Baillaud">Benjamin Baillaud</a>, French astronomer (d. <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_16" title="February 16">February 16</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Octave_Mirbeau" title="Octave Mirbeau">Octave Mirbeau</a>, French art critic, novelist (d. <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_de_Vries" title="Hugo de Vries">Hugo de Vries</a>, Dutch botanist and geneticist (d. 1935)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Comfort_Tiffany" title="Louis Comfort Tiffany">Louis Comfort Tiffany</a>, American glass artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Allen" title="Grant Allen">Grant Allen</a>, Canadian author (d. <a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Inglis_Clark" title="Andrew Inglis Clark">Andrew Inglis Clark</a>, Australian jurist and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_25" title="February 25">February 25</a> – King <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="William II of Württemberg">William II of Württemberg</a> (d. 1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_27" title="February 27">February 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Parry" title="Hubert Parry">Sir Hubert Parry</a>, English composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_3" title="March 3">March 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Neilson" title="Adelaide Neilson">Adelaide Neilson</a>, English actress (d. <a href="/wiki/1880" title="1880">1880</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princess_Louise,_Duchess_of_Argyll" title="Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll">Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll</a>, daughter of Queen Victoria (d. <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">March 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wyatt_Earp" title="Wyatt Earp">Wyatt Earp</a>, American lawman and gunfighter (d. <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">March 21</a> – David McNair, Scottish plasterer and amateur footballer (Falkirk F.C.) (d.<a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">March 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Kuropatkin" title="Aleksey Kuropatkin">Aleksey Kuropatkin</a>, Russian general, Imperial Russian Minister of War (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Waldorf_Astor" title="William Waldorf Astor">William Waldorf Astor</a>, American-born British financier and statesman (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June_2"><span id="April.E2.80.93June_2"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_3" title="April 3">April 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arturo_Prat" title="Arturo Prat">Arturo Prat</a>, Chilean lawyer and navy officer (d. <a href="/wiki/1879" title="1879">1879</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Randall_Davidson" title="Randall Davidson">Randall Davidson</a>, British <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hubertine_Auclert" title="Hubertine Auclert">Hubertine Auclert</a>, French feminist (d. <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Otto,_King_of_Bavaria" title="Otto, King of Bavaria">Otto of Bavaria</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">May 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Teixeira_de_Queiroz" title="Francisco Teixeira de Queiroz">Francisco Teixeira de Queiroz</a>, Portuguese writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_10" title="May 10">May 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lipton" title="Thomas Lipton">Sir Thomas Lipton</a>, Scottish retailer and yachtsman (d. <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Vernon_(Australian_actor)" title="Howard Vernon (Australian actor)">Howard Vernon</a>, Australian actor (d. <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_23" title="May 23">May 23</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Lilienthal" title="Otto Lilienthal">Otto Lilienthal</a>, German engineer, aviation pioneer (d. <a href="/wiki/1896" title="1896">1896</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helmuth_von_Moltke_the_Younger" title="Helmuth von Moltke the Younger">Helmuth von Moltke the Younger</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_7" title="June 7">June 7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Paul Gauguin</a>, French artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Jim%C3%A9nez_y_Muro" title="Dolores Jiménez y Muro">Dolores Jiménez y Muro</a>, Mexican revolutionary and educator (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_13" title="June 13">June 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Corn%C3%A9lie_Huygens" title="Cornélie Huygens">Cornélie Huygens</a>, Dutch writer, social democrat and feminist (d. <a href="/wiki/1902" title="1902">1902</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">June 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sol_Smith_Russell" title="Sol Smith Russell">Sol Smith Russell</a>, American stage comedian (d. <a href="/wiki/1902" title="1902">1902</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">June 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mary_R._Platt_Hatch" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary R. Platt Hatch">Mary R. Platt Hatch</a>, American author (d. <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September_2"><span id="July.E2.80.93September_2"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Susie_King_Taylor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Susie_King_Taylor.jpg/120px-Susie_King_Taylor.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Susie_King_Taylor.jpg/250px-Susie_King_Taylor.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="1186" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Susie_Taylor" class="mw-redirect" title="Susie Taylor">Susie Taylor</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_3" title="July 3">July 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lothar_von_Trotha" title="Lothar von Trotha">Lothar von Trotha</a>, German military commander (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_6" title="July 6">July 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1bor_Baross" title="Gábor Baross">Gábor Baross</a>, Hungarian statesman (d. <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Paula_Rodrigues_Alves" title="Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves">Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves</a>, 5th president of Brazil (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_I,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Robert I, Duke of Parma">Robert I, Duke of Parma</a>, last ruling Duke of Parma (d. <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_10" title="July 10">July 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Stessel" title="Anatoly Stessel">Anatoly Stessel</a>, Russian baron and general (d. <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto" title="Vilfredo Pareto">Vilfredo Pareto</a>, Italian economist (d. <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">July 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/W._G._Grace" title="W. G. Grace">W. G. Grace</a>, English cricketer (d. <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_22" title="July 22">July 22</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Frederick_V,_Grand_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Stratton" title="Winfield Scott Stratton">Winfield Scott Stratton</a>, American miner (d. <a href="/wiki/1902" title="1902">1902</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Arthur Balfour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_31" title="July 31">July 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Olive" title="Jean-Baptiste Olive">Jean-Baptiste Olive</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Susie_Taylor" class="mw-redirect" title="Susie Taylor">Susie Taylor</a>, African American nurse and first nurse in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops" title="United States Colored Troops">Black Army</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1912" title="1912">1912</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">August 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Jos%C3%A9_Enes" title="António José Enes">António Enes</a>, Portuguese writer and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Caillebotte" title="Gustave Caillebotte">Gustave Caillebotte</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kate_Claxton" title="Kate Claxton">Kate Claxton</a>, American actress (d. <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Bengescu" title="Gheorghe Bengescu">Gheorghe Bengescu</a>, Romanian diplomat and man of letters (d. <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emory_Speer" title="Emory Speer">Emory Speer</a>, American politician, jurist, and United States district judge from 1885 until 1918 (d. <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temulji_Bhicaji_Nariman" title="Temulji Bhicaji Nariman">Temulji Bhicaji Nariman</a>, Indian physician and <a href="/wiki/Obstetrician" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstetrician">obstetrician</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_4" title="September 4">September 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Howard_Latimer" title="Lewis Howard Latimer">Lewis Howard Latimer</a>, African-American inventor (d. <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">September 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Meyer" title="Viktor Meyer">Viktor Meyer</a>, German chemist (d. <a href="/wiki/1897" title="1897">1897</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Soennecken" title="Friedrich Soennecken">Friedrich Soennecken</a>, German entrepreneur, inventor of the hole punch and ringbinder (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December_2"><span id="October.E2.80.93December_2"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">October 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Lerolle" title="Henry Lerolle">Henry Lerolle</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">October 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Liborius_Ritter_von_Frank" title="Liborius Ritter von Frank">Liborius Ritter von Frank</a>, Austro-Hungarian general (d. <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">October 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Harmon_Northrop_Morse" title="Harmon Northrop Morse">Harmon Northrop Morse</a>, American chemist (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_8" title="November 8">November 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gottlob_Frege" title="Gottlob Frege">Gottlob Frege</a>, German logician (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_11" title="November 11">November 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Zinovy_Rozhestvensky" title="Zinovy Rozhestvensky">Zinovy Rozhestvensky</a>, Russian admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1909" title="1909">1909</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_12" title="November 12">November 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eduard_M%C3%BCller_(Swiss_politician)" title="Eduard Müller (Swiss politician)">Eduard Müller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Swiss_Federal_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Swiss Federal Council">member of the Swiss Federal Council</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">November 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Albert_I,_Prince_of_Monaco" title="Albert I, Prince of Monaco">Albert I, Prince of Monaco</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">November 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Wekerle" title="Sándor Wekerle">Sándor Wekerle</a>, 3-time prime minister of Hungary (d. <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_M._Spangler" title="James M. Spangler">James M. Spangler</a>, American inventor (d. <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Peilun" title="Zhang Peilun">Zhang Peilun</a>, Chinese naval commander and government official (d. <a href="/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">November 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Abigail_Cleaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret Abigail Cleaves">Margaret Abigail Cleaves</a>, American physician and writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">November 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_von_Prittwitz" title="Maximilian von Prittwitz">Maximilian von Prittwitz</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">November 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Pau" title="Paul Pau">Paul Pau</a>, French general (d. <a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Palisa" title="Johann Palisa">Johann Palisa</a>, Austrian astronomer (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">December 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Wynn_Westcott" title="William Wynn Westcott">William Wynn Westcott</a>, British freemason (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_2">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bedward" title="Alexander Bedward">Alexander Bedward</a>, Jamaican preacher (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Williams_Brotherton" title="Alice Williams Brotherton">Alice Williams Brotherton</a>, American author (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryana_Marrash" title="Maryana Marrash">Maryana Marrash</a>, Syrian writer, salonist (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADrz%C3%A1_Mihd%C3%AD" title="Mírzá Mihdí">Mírzá Mihdí</a>, youngest child of Baháʼí founder Baháʼu'lláh (d. <a href="/wiki/1870" title="1870">1870</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Sakharov" title="Viktor Sakharov">Viktor Sakharov</a>, Russian general (d. <a href="/wiki/1905" title="1905">1905</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Thomas_(labor_leader)" title="Mary Thomas (labor leader)">Mary Thomas (labor leader)</a>, (d. <a href="/wiki/1905" title="1905">1905</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June"><span id="January.E2.80.93June"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christianviiidenmark.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Christianviiidenmark.jpg/110px-Christianviiidenmark.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Christianviiidenmark.jpg/165px-Christianviiidenmark.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Christianviiidenmark.jpg/220px-Christianviiidenmark.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2220" data-file-height="3770" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">Christian VIII. of Denmark</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg/120px-Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg/250px-Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1926" data-file-height="2381" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Annette_von_Droste-H%C3%BClshoff" title="Annette von Droste-Hülshoff">Annette von Droste-Hülshoff</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_9" title="January 9">January 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Herschel" title="Caroline Herschel">Caroline Herschel</a>, German astronomer (b. <a href="/wiki/1750" title="1750">1750</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">January 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Petrobey_Mavromichalis" title="Petrobey Mavromichalis">Petrobey Mavromichalis</a>, Prime Minister of Greece (b. <a href="/wiki/1765" title="1765">1765</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_19" title="January 19">January 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isaac_D%27Israeli" title="Isaac D'Israeli">Isaac D'Israeli</a>, English author (b. <a href="/wiki/1766" title="1766">1766</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">Christian VIII</a>, King of Denmark (b. <a href="/wiki/1786" title="1786">1786</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_15" title="February 15">February 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Boyen" title="Hermann von Boyen">Hermann von Boyen</a>, Prussian field marshal (b. <a href="/wiki/1771" title="1771">1771</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_22" title="February 22">February 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmine_Reichard" title="Wilhelmine Reichard">Wilhelmine Reichard</a>, first German woman balloonist (b. <a href="/wiki/1788" title="1788">1788</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_23" title="February 23">February 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a>, 6th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1767" title="1767">1767</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">March 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor" title="John Jacob Astor">John Jacob Astor</a>, American businessman (b. <a href="/wiki/1763" title="1763">1763</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_8" title="April 8">April 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Gaetano Donizetti</a>, Italian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24" title="May 24">May 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Annette_von_Droste-H%C3%BClshoff" title="Annette von Droste-Hülshoff">Annette von Droste-Hülshoff</a>, German writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_11" title="June 11">June 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Parashuramrao_Shrinivas_I" title="Parashuramrao Shrinivas I">Parashuramrao Shrinivas I</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1777" title="1777">1777</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">June 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Archduchess_Maria_Leopoldine_of_Austria-Este" title="Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este">Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_27" title="June 27">June 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Denis_Auguste_Affre" title="Denis Auguste Affre">Denis Auguste Affre</a>, Archbishop of Paris (b. <a href="/wiki/1793" title="1793">1793</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December"><span id="July.E2.80.93December"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GeorgeStephenson.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/GeorgeStephenson.PNG/120px-GeorgeStephenson.PNG" decoding="async" width="110" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/GeorgeStephenson.PNG/250px-GeorgeStephenson.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="1094" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Stephenson" title="George Stephenson">George Stephenson</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">July 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">François-René de Chateaubriand</a>, French writer, diplomat (b. <a href="/wiki/1768" title="1768">1768</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jaime_Balmes" title="Jaime Balmes">Jaime Balmes</a>, Spanish philosopher, theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1810" title="1810">1810</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_10" title="July 10">July 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karoline_Jagemann" title="Karoline Jagemann">Karoline Jagemann</a>, German actor (b. 1777)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">July 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_R._Shunk" title="Francis R. Shunk">Francis R. Shunk</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1788" title="1788">1788</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_3" title="August 3">August 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Baines_(1774%E2%80%931848)" title="Edward Baines (1774–1848)">Edward Baines</a>, British newspaperman, politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1774" title="1774">1774</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_5" title="August 5">August 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pedro_V%C3%A9lez" title="Pedro Vélez">Pedro Vélez</a>, Mexican politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1787" title="1787">1787</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">August 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jacob_Berzelius" title="Jöns Jacob Berzelius">Jöns Jacob Berzelius</a>, Swedish chemist (b. <a href="/wiki/1779" title="1779">1779</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Puran_Appu" title="Puran Appu">Puran Appu</a>, Sri Lankan hero who led the <a href="/wiki/Matale_rebellion" title="Matale rebellion">Matale rebellion</a> against the British (b. <a href="/wiki/1812" title="1812">1812</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">August 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Marryat" title="Frederick Marryat">Frederick Marryat</a>, British novelist (b. <a href="/wiki/1792" title="1792">1792</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Stephenson" title="George Stephenson">George Stephenson</a>, English locomotive pioneer (<i><a href="/wiki/Locomotion_No._1" title="Locomotion No. 1">Locomotion No. 1</a></i> & <a href="/wiki/Stephenson%27s_Rocket" title="Stephenson's Rocket"><i>Rocket</i></a>) (b. <a href="/wiki/1781" title="1781">1781</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_14" title="August 14">August 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Fuller_Flower_Adams" title="Sarah Fuller Flower Adams">Sarah Fuller Flower Adams</a>, English hymnwriter (b. <a href="/wiki/1805" title="1805">1805</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Simon_Willard" title="Simon Willard">Simon Willard</a>, celebrated American horologist (b. <a href="/wiki/1753" title="1753">1753</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Branwell_Bront%C3%AB" title="Branwell Brontë">Branwell Brontë</a>, English painter, poet, brother of novelists Charlotte, Emily and Anne (b. <a href="/wiki/1817" title="1817">1817</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">October 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Gray_Otis_(politician)" title="Harrison Gray Otis (politician)">Harrison Gray Otis</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1765" title="1765">1765</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_8" title="November 8">November 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Moseley_Baker" title="Moseley Baker">Moseley Baker</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1802" title="1802">1802</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">November 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Blum" title="Robert Blum">Robert Blum</a>, German politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1810" title="1810">1810</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_10" title="November 10">November 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Pasha_of_Egypt" title="Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt">Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt</a>, military leader (b. <a href="/wiki/1789" title="1789">1789</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Barrow,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Barrow, 1st Baronet">Sir John Barrow</a>, English statesman (b. <a href="/wiki/1764" title="1764">1764</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1779" title="1779">1779</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kyokutei_Bakin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyokutei Bakin">Kyokutei Bakin</a>, Japanese author (b. <a href="/wiki/1767" title="1767">1767</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">December 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bolzano" title="Bernard Bolzano">Bernard Bolzano</a>, Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher and theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1781" title="1781">1781</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_19" title="December 19">December 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%AB" title="Emily Brontë">Emily Brontë</a>, English author (b. <a href="/wiki/1818" title="1818">1818</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_architecture" title="1848 in architecture">1848 in architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_literature" title="1848 in literature">1848 in literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_in_science" title="1848 in science">1848 in science</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStoskopf2002" class="citation journal cs1">Stoskopf, Nicolas (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/hes_0752-5702_2002_num_21_3_2310">"La fondation du comptoir national d'escompte de Paris, banque révolutionnaire (1848)"</a>. <i>Histoire, Économie et Société</i>. <b>21</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">395–</span>411. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fhes.2002.2310">10.3406/hes.2002.2310</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Histoire%2C+%C3%89conomie+et+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9&rft.atitle=La+fondation+du+comptoir+national+d%27escompte+de+Paris%2C+banque+r%C3%A9volutionnaire+%281848%29&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E395-%3C%2Fspan%3E411&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fhes.2002.2310&rft.aulast=Stoskopf&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fweb%2Frevues%2Fhome%2Fprescript%2Farticle%2Fhes_0752-5702_2002_num_21_3_2310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stoica1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stoica1_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStoica1919" class="citation book cs1">Stoica, Vasile (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7314/view/1/23/"><i>The Roumanian Question: The Roumanians and their Lands</i></a>. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh Printing Company. p. 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roumanian+Question%3A+The+Roumanians+and+their+Lands&rft.place=Pittsburgh&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Pittsburgh+Printing+Company&rft.date=1919&rft.aulast=Stoica&rft.aufirst=Vasile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wdl.org%2Fen%2Fitem%2F7314%2Fview%2F1%2F23%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100813232819/http://www.prudential.co.uk/prudential-plc/aboutpru/ourhistory/timeline/1826_1901/1826/">"Timeline 1826–1901"</a>. Prudential plc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prudential.co.uk/prudential-plc/aboutpru/ourhistory/timeline/1826_1901/1826/">the original</a> on August 13, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+1826%E2%80%931901&rft.pub=Prudential+plc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prudential.co.uk%2Fprudential-plc%2Faboutpru%2Fourhistory%2Ftimeline%2F1826_1901%2F1826%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBH-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBH_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBH_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalmerPalmer1992" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). <i>The Chronology of British History</i>. 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Pallas Akadémia Könyvkiadó, Csíkszereda 2010. p. 517 (Hungarian)"Végeredményben úgy látjuk, hogy a háborúskodások során és a polgárháborúban Erdély polgári népességéből körülbelül 14 000–15 000 személy pusztulhatott el; nemzetiségük szerint: mintegy 7500–8500 magyar, 4400–6000 román, s körülbelül 500 lehetett a szász, zsidó, örmény lakosság vesztesége."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.joensuu.fi/web/english/history">"History"</a>. <i>english</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=english&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.joensuu.fi%2Fweb%2Fenglish%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYaran2017" class="citation web cs1">Yaran, Mary Clingerman (July 11, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200813102848/https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/university-of-mississippi/">"University of Mississippi"</a>. <i>Mississippi Encyclopedia</i>. Center for Study of Southern Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/university-of-mississippi/">the original</a> on August 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 13,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mississippi+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=University+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2017-07-11&rft.aulast=Yaran&rft.aufirst=Mary+Clingerman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmississippiencyclopedia.org%2Fentries%2Funiversity-of-mississippi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFConklin2006" class="citation book cs1">Conklin, David W. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ppjam4YUSiUC&pg=PA52"><i>Cases in the Environment of Business: International Perspectives</i></a>. SAGE. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-1436-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-1436-9"><bdi>978-1-4129-1436-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cases+in+the+Environment+of+Business%3A+International+Perspectives&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=SAGE&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-1436-9&rft.aulast=Conklin&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPpjam4YUSiUC%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Emily-Bronte">"Emily Bronte | Biography, Works, & Facts"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Emily+Bronte+%7C+Biography%2C+Works%2C+%26+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FEmily-Bronte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLouis_Heilprin1885" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Heilprin" title="Louis Heilprin">Louis Heilprin</a> (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89097349187?urlappend=%3Bseq=169">"Chronological Table of Universal History"</a>. <i>Historical Reference Book</i>. New York: D. Appleton and Company. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fwu.89097349187?urlappend=%3Bseq=169">2027/wu.89097349187</a> – via Hathi Trust. <q>1848</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chronological+Table+of+Universal+History&rft.btitle=Historical+Reference+Book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=D.+Appleton+and+Company&rft.date=1885&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fwu.89097349187%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D169&rft.au=Louis+Heilprin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fwu.89097349187%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohio.edu/chastain/index.htm">"Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions" new articles by scholars; comprehensive coverage</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers/search?query=&year=1848">European newspapers from 1848</a> – The European Library</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140605161908/http://dp.la/timeline%231870#1848">"1848"</a>. <i>Timeline</i>. US: <a href="/wiki/Digital_Public_Library_of_America" title="Digital Public Library of America">Digital Public Library of America</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dp.la/timeline#1848">the original</a> on June 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Timeline&rft.atitle=1848&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdp.la%2Ftimeline%231848&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1848" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1848&oldid=1273389768">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1848&oldid=1273389768</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1848" title="Category:1848">1848</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leap_years_in_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar">Leap years in the Gregorian calendar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Hungarian-language_sources_(hu)" title="Category:CS1 Hungarian-language sources (hu)">CS1 Hungarian-language sources (hu)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Danish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Danish-language text">Articles containing Danish-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 February 2025, at 02:15<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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