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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Datazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Datazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Datazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Datazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suddivisione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suddivisione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Suddivisione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suddivisione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Definizioni_stratigrafiche_e_GSSP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definizioni_stratigrafiche_e_GSSP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Definizioni stratigrafiche e GSSP</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Definizioni_stratigrafiche_e_GSSP-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Definizioni stratigrafiche e GSSP</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Definizioni_stratigrafiche_e_GSSP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-GSSP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#GSSP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>GSSP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-GSSP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Flora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paleogeografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paleogeografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Paleogeografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paleogeografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_fine_dell'Ordoviciano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_fine_dell'Ordoviciano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>La fine dell'Ordoviciano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_fine_dell'Ordoviciano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'Ordoviciano_in_Italia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'Ordoviciano_in_Italia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>L'Ordoviciano in Italia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'Ordoviciano_in_Italia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ordoviciano</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 84 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisium" title="Ordovisium - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ordovisium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="العصر الأوردوفيشي - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العصر الأوردوفيشي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcicu" title="Ordovícicu - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ordovícicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik_d%C3%B6vr%C3%BC" title="Ordovik dövrü - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ordovik dövrü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Ардовікскі перыяд - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ардовікскі перыяд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Ардовік - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ардовік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ордовик - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ордовик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="অর্ডোভিশিয়ান - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অর্ডোভিশিয়ান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisian" title="Ordovisian - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ordovisian" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovici%C3%A0" title="Ordovicià - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ordovicià" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93%CC%A4-d%C3%B2%CC%A4-g%C4%AB" title="Ó̤-dò̤-gī - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ó̤-dò̤-gī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik" title="Ordovik - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ordovik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordofigaidd" title="Ordofigaidd - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ordofigaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ορδοβίκια περίοδος - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ορδοβίκια περίοδος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicio" title="Ordovicio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ordovicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcico" title="Ordovícico - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ordovícico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviitsium" title="Ordoviitsium - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ordoviitsium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviziar" title="Ordoviziar - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ordoviziar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اردویسین - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اردویسین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovikikausi" title="Ordovikikausi - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ordovikikausi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicien" title="Ordovicien - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ordovicien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcico" title="Ordovícico - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ordovícico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A7" title="אורדוביק - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אורדוביק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="ओर्डोविशी कल्प - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ओर्डोविशी कल्प" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcium" title="Ordovícium - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ordovícium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B7%D6%80%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Օրդովիկի ժամանակաշրջան - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օրդովիկի ժամանակաշրջան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisium" title="Ordovisium - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ordovisium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ord%C3%B3vis%C3%ADumt%C3%ADmabili%C3%B0" title="Ordóvisíumtímabilið - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ordóvisíumtímabilið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9%E7%B4%80" title="オルドビス紀 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オルドビス紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ორდოვიციული სისტემა - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ორდოვიციული სისტემა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96" title="Ордовик кезеңі - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ордовик кезеңі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%EB%8F%84%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%EA%B8%B0" title="오르도비스기 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오르도비스기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Ордовик мезгили - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ордовик мезгили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovikas" title="Ordovikas - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ordovikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviks" title="Ordoviks - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ordoviks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ордовик - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ордовик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisi" title="Ordovisi - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ordovisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوردویسین - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اوردویسین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97" title="अवरप्रवाल युग - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अवरप्रवाल युग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordowik" title="Ordowik - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ordowik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - piemontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اورڈوویشین - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اورڈوویشین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviciano" title="Ordoviciano - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ordoviciano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ордовикский период - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ордовикский период" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik" title="Ordovik - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ordovik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordofisiyaan" title="Ordofisiyaan - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ordofisiyaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Ордовицијум - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ордовицијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஓர்டோவிசியக் காலம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஓர்டோவிசியக் காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ยุคออร์โดวิเชียน - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุคออร์โดวิเชียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisiyen" title="Ordovisiyen - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ordovisiyen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ордовицький період - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ордовицький період" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="آردو ویسی دور - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آردو ویسی دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik_sistemasi" title="Ordovik sistemasi - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ordovik sistemasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BB%B7_Ordovic" title="Kỷ Ordovic - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kỷ Ordovic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordovig" title="Lordovig - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lordovig" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="奥陶纪 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奥陶纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cgb%C3%A0_%E1%BB%8C%CC%80rd%C3%B2f%C3%ADs%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Ìgbà Ọ̀rdòfísíà - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìgbà Ọ̀rdòfísíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="奥陶纪 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥陶纪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%99%B6%E7%B4%80" title="奧陶紀 - cinese classico" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="奧陶紀" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="cinese classico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LibertyFormationSlab092313.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/LibertyFormationSlab092313.jpg/220px-LibertyFormationSlab092313.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/LibertyFormationSlab092313.jpg/330px-LibertyFormationSlab092313.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/LibertyFormationSlab092313.jpg/440px-LibertyFormationSlab092313.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2872" data-file-height="2376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b>Ordoviciano</b> è il secondo dei sei (sette in <a href="/wiki/Nord_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Nord America">Nord America</a>) periodi <a href="/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia">geologici</a> in cui è suddivisa l'<a href="/wiki/Era_geologica" title="Era geologica">era geologica</a> <a href="/wiki/Paleozoico" title="Paleozoico">paleozoica</a> e copre il periodo di tempo tra 485,4±1,9 e 443,8±1,5 milioni di anni fa.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ics2009_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ics2009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chart2014_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chart2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Segue il periodo <a href="/wiki/Cambriano" title="Cambriano">Cambriano</a> ed è seguito dal periodo <a href="/wiki/Siluriano" title="Siluriano">Siluriano</a>. </p><p>L'Ordoviciano, il cui nome deriva da una tribù <a href="/wiki/Galles" title="Galles">gallese</a> (gli <a href="/wiki/Ordovici" title="Ordovici">Ordovici</a>), fu definito da <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lapworth" title="Charles Lapworth">Charles Lapworth</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1879" title="1879">1879</a> per risolvere una disputa tra i seguaci di <a href="/wiki/Adam_Sedgwick" title="Adam Sedgwick">Adam Sedgwick</a> e di <a href="/wiki/Roderick_Murchison" class="mw-redirect" title="Roderick Murchison">Roderick Murchison</a> che avevano attribuito le stesse <a href="/wiki/Roccia" title="Roccia">rocce</a> del nord del Galles rispettivamente al Cambriano ed al Siluriano. Lapworth risolse la contesa proponendo un nuovo periodo, perché aveva riconosciuto che la <a href="/wiki/Fauna" title="Fauna">fauna</a> <a href="/wiki/Fossile" title="Fossile">fossile</a> negli <a href="/wiki/Strato_(geologia)" title="Strato (geologia)">strati</a> oggetto della disputa era diversa sia da quella del Cambriano che da quella del Siluriano. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/Regno_Unito" title="Regno Unito">Regno Unito</a> l'adozione del nuovo periodo fu lenta, mentre nelle altre parti del mondo l'Ordoviciano fu accettato velocemente. Esso ricevette il riconoscimento internazionale nel <a href="/wiki/1906" title="1906">1906</a>, quando fu adottato ufficialmente come periodo del <a href="/wiki/Paleozoico" title="Paleozoico">Paleozoico</a> dal Congresso Internazionale di Geologia. I <a href="/wiki/Sedimento" title="Sedimento">sedimenti</a> dell'Ordoviciano contengono abbondanti <a href="/wiki/Fossile" title="Fossile">fossili</a>, in particolare: <a href="/wiki/Trilobita" title="Trilobita">trilobiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brachiopoda" title="Brachiopoda">brachiopodi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cephalopoda" title="Cephalopoda">cefalopodi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crinoidea" title="Crinoidea">crinoidi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graptolithina" title="Graptolithina">graptoliti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthozoa" title="Anthozoa">coralli</a>. In talune regioni i sedimenti ordoviciani contengono giacimenti di <a href="/wiki/Idrocarburi" title="Idrocarburi">idrocarburi</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Datazione">Datazione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Datazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Datazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'Ordoviciano iniziò con un evento minore di <a href="/wiki/Estinzione" title="Estinzione">estinzione</a> circa 485,4 milioni di anni fa. La fine dell'Ordoviciano, 443,8 milioni di anni fa, coincide con uno dei maggiori eventi di <a href="/wiki/Estinzione_di_massa" title="Estinzione di massa">estinzione di massa</a>, che portò alla scomparsa di circa il 60% dei generi di animali marini. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suddivisione">Suddivisione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Suddivisione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Suddivisione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Commissione_Internazionale_di_Stratigrafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissione Internazionale di Stratigrafia">Commissione Internazionale di Stratigrafia</a><sup id="cite_ref-ics2009_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ics2009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> riconosce per l'Ordoviciano una suddivisione in tre <a href="/wiki/Epoca_geologica" title="Epoca geologica">epoche</a> e sette <a href="/wiki/Et%C3%A0_(geocronologia)" title="Età (geocronologia)">piani</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_superiore" title="Ordoviciano superiore">Ordoviciano superiore</a> che comprende tre <a href="/wiki/Piano_(geologia)" title="Piano (geologia)">piani</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirnantiano" title="Hirnantiano">Hirnantiano</a>, (445,2 ± 1,4 - 443,8 ± 1,5 Ma)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katiano" title="Katiano">Katiano</a>, (453,0 ± 0,7 - 445,2 ± 1,4 Ma)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandbiano" title="Sandbiano">Sandbiano</a>, (458,4 ± 0,9 - 453,0 ± 0,7 Ma)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_medio" title="Ordoviciano medio">Ordoviciano medio</a> che comprende due <a href="/wiki/Piano_(geologia)" title="Piano (geologia)">piani</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darriwiliano" title="Darriwiliano">Darriwiliano</a>, (467,3 ± 1,1 - 458,4 ± 0,9 Ma)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapingiano" title="Dapingiano">Dapingiano</a>, (470,0 ± 1,1 - 467,3 ± 1,1 Ma)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_inferiore" title="Ordoviciano inferiore">Ordoviciano inferiore</a> che comprende due <a href="/wiki/Piano_(geologia)" title="Piano (geologia)">piani</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Floiano" title="Floiano">Floiano</a>, (477,7 ± 1,4 - 470,0 ± 1,1 Ma)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremadociano" title="Tremadociano">Tremadociano</a>, (485,4 ± 1,9 - 477,7 ± 1,4 Ma)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definizioni_stratigrafiche_e_GSSP">Definizioni stratigrafiche e GSSP</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Definizioni stratigrafiche e GSSP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Definizioni stratigrafiche e GSSP"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La base dell'Ordoviciano, che coincide anche con quella dell'Ordoviciano inferiore, nonché del suo primo piano, il Tremadociano, è data dalla prima comparsa negli orizzonti stratigrafici dei <a href="/wiki/Conodonti" class="mw-redirect" title="Conodonti">conodonti</a> della specie <i>Iapetognathus fluctivagus</i>. Questo limite inferiore è posizionato appena sopra la prima comparsa della zona conodontica del <i>Cordylodus lindstromi</i> e appena al di sotto della comparsa dei primi <a href="/wiki/Graptoliti" class="mw-redirect" title="Graptoliti">graptoliti</a> planctonici. </p><p>Il limite superiore, che è anche il limite dell'<a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_superiore" title="Ordoviciano superiore">Ordoviciano superiore</a> e del suo ultimo piano, l'<a href="/wiki/Hirnantiano" title="Hirnantiano">Hirnantiano</a>, nonché base del successivo <a href="/wiki/Siluriano" title="Siluriano">Siluriano</a>, è dato dalla prima comparsa dei graptoliti della specie <i>Akidograptus ascensus</i>, a poca distanza dalla prima comparsa del <i>Parakidograptus acuminatus</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="GSSP">GSSP</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione GSSP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: GSSP"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il <a href="/wiki/GSSP" title="GSSP">GSSP</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerato1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerato1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> il profilo stratigrafico di riferimento della <a href="/wiki/Commissione_Internazionale_di_Stratigrafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissione Internazionale di Stratigrafia">Commissione Internazionale di Stratigrafia</a>, è stato identificato nella sezione <i>Green Point</i>, situata nel <a href="/wiki/Parco_nazionale_Gros_Morne" title="Parco nazionale Gros Morne">Parco nazionale Gros Morne</a>, circa 70 km dall'aeroporto di Deer Lake e circa 10 km a nord di Rocky Harbour, nella parte occidentale dell'isola di <a href="/wiki/Terranova" title="Terranova">Terranova</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DN1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DN1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fauna">Fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Fauna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Fauna"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'Ordoviciano fu caratterizzato da una <a href="/wiki/Radiazione_adattativa" title="Radiazione adattativa">radiazione adattativa</a> molto importante, anche se meno famosa dell'<a href="/wiki/Esplosione_cambriana" title="Esplosione cambriana">esplosione cambriana</a>; i <a href="/wiki/Genere_(tassonomia)" title="Genere (tassonomia)">generi</a> della fauna marina in pratica si quadruplicarono, dando vita al 12% di tutta la fauna marina conosciuta del <a href="/wiki/Fanerozoico" title="Fanerozoico">Fanerozoico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dixon2001_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dixon2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ai <a href="/wiki/Trilobiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Trilobiti">Trilobiti</a>, ai <a href="/wiki/Brachiopodi" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachiopodi">Brachiopodi</a> non articolati, agli <a href="/wiki/Archeociatidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Archeociatidi">Archeociatidi</a> e alla fauna eocrinoide del Cambriano, subentrarono le specie destinate a dominare il rimanente periodo del <a href="/wiki/Paleozoico" title="Paleozoico">Paleozoico</a>, come i <a href="/wiki/Rhynchonelliformea" title="Rhynchonelliformea">brachiopodi articolati</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Cefalopodi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cefalopodi">cefalopodi</a> e i <a href="/wiki/Crinoidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Crinoidi">crinoidi</a>. I brachiopodi articolati in particolare, rimpiazzarono i trilobiti nelle comunità di <a href="/wiki/Piattaforma_continentale" title="Piattaforma continentale">piattaforma continentale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooper1986_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooper1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il loro successo è esemplificativo della grande crescita registratasi nell'Ordoviciano da tutti gli organismi in grado di secernere una conchiglia di natura <a href="/wiki/Carbonato_di_calcio" title="Carbonato di calcio">carbonatica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooper1986_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooper1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/America_settentrionale" title="America settentrionale">Nord America</a> ed in <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> l'Ordoviciano fu caratterizzato da mari continentali poco profondi e ricchi di vita. <a href="/wiki/Trilobita" title="Trilobita">Trilobiti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Brachiopoda" title="Brachiopoda">brachiopodi</a> in particolare furono numerosi e differenziati. I primi <a href="/wiki/Bryozoa" title="Bryozoa">Briozoi</a> e le prime <a href="/wiki/Barriera_corallina" title="Barriera corallina">barriere coralline</a> apparvero nel corso dell'Ordoviciano, incrementando la <a href="/wiki/Biodiversit%C3%A0" title="Biodiversità">biodiversità</a> delle comunità di <a href="/wiki/Piattaforma_carbonatica" title="Piattaforma carbonatica">piattaforma carbonatica</a>. I <a href="/wiki/Mollusca" title="Mollusca">Molluschi</a>, che apparvero già nel <a href="/wiki/Cambriano" title="Cambriano">Cambriano</a> come i <a href="/wiki/Anthozoa" title="Anthozoa">coralli</a> aermatipici (non biocostruttori), divennero comuni e differenziati, specialmente <a href="/wiki/Bivalvia" title="Bivalvia">bivalvi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gasteropodi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasteropodi">gasteropodi</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nautilus_(mollusco)" title="Nautilus (mollusco)">nautiloidi</a> <a href="/wiki/Cefalopodi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cefalopodi">cefalopodi</a>. Fu a lungo ritenuto che il primo vero <a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata">vertebrato</a> (pesce - <a href="/wiki/Agnati" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnati">Ostracoderma</a>) apparve nell'Ordoviciano ma recenti scoperte in <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Cina</a> hanno rivelato che essi probabilmente si originarono all'inizio del Cambriano. Organismi marini ora estinti chiamati <a href="/wiki/Graptolita" class="mw-redirect" title="Graptolita">graptoliti</a> prosperavano negli oceani e apparve qualche <a href="/wiki/Crinoidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Crinoidi">crinoide</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cistoidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cistoidi (la pagina non esiste)">cistoide</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OrdovicianEdrio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cystaster stellatus, Corynotrypa"><img alt="Cystaster stellatus, Corynotrypa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/OrdovicianEdrio.jpg/120px-OrdovicianEdrio.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/OrdovicianEdrio.jpg/180px-OrdovicianEdrio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/OrdovicianEdrio.jpg/240px-OrdovicianEdrio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Cystaster stellatus</i>, <i>Corynotrypa</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FossilMtnUT.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="La Fossil Mountain, nell'Utah (USA)."><img alt="La Fossil Mountain, nell'Utah (USA)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/FossilMtnUT.jpg/120px-FossilMtnUT.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/FossilMtnUT.jpg/180px-FossilMtnUT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/FossilMtnUT.jpg/240px-FossilMtnUT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1125" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">La Fossil Mountain, nell'Utah (USA).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OrdOutcropTN.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Affioramenti calacarei e scisti argillose dell'Ordoviciano superiore nell'Indiana (USA)."><img alt="Affioramenti calacarei e scisti argillose dell'Ordoviciano superiore nell'Indiana (USA)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/OrdOutcropTN.JPG/103px-OrdOutcropTN.JPG" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/OrdOutcropTN.JPG/154px-OrdOutcropTN.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/OrdOutcropTN.JPG/205px-OrdOutcropTN.JPG 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="818" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Affioramenti calacarei e scisti argillose dell'Ordoviciano superiore nell'Indiana (USA).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LibertyBorings.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Trypanites"><img alt="Trypanites" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/LibertyBorings.jpg/120px-LibertyBorings.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/LibertyBorings.jpg/180px-LibertyBorings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/LibertyBorings.jpg/240px-LibertyBorings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Trypanites</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Petroxestes_borings_Ordovician.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Petroxestes"><img alt="Petroxestes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Petroxestes_borings_Ordovician.jpg/82px-Petroxestes_borings_Ordovician.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Petroxestes_borings_Ordovician.jpg/123px-Petroxestes_borings_Ordovician.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Petroxestes_borings_Ordovician.jpg/164px-Petroxestes_borings_Ordovician.jpg 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="786" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Petroxestes</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Briozoi"><img alt="Briozoi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg/120px-OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg/180px-OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg/240px-OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="525" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Briozoi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OrdFossilsMN.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Brachiopoda, Briozoi"><img alt="Brachiopoda, Briozoi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/OrdFossilsMN.JPG/120px-OrdFossilsMN.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/OrdFossilsMN.JPG/180px-OrdFossilsMN.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/OrdFossilsMN.JPG/240px-OrdFossilsMN.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Brachiopoda, Briozoi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PlatystrophiaOrdovician.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Platystrophia ponderosa"><img alt="Platystrophia ponderosa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/PlatystrophiaOrdovician.jpg/120px-PlatystrophiaOrdovician.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/PlatystrophiaOrdovician.jpg/180px-PlatystrophiaOrdovician.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/PlatystrophiaOrdovician.jpg/240px-PlatystrophiaOrdovician.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1844" data-file-height="1452" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Platystrophia ponderosa</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Echinosphaerites.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Echinosphaerites"><img alt="Echinosphaerites" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Echinosphaerites.JPG/120px-Echinosphaerites.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Echinosphaerites.JPG/180px-Echinosphaerites.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Echinosphaerites.JPG/240px-Echinosphaerites.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1648" data-file-height="1548" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Echinosphaerites</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prasopora.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Prasopora"><img alt="Prasopora" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Prasopora.JPG/120px-Prasopora.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Prasopora.JPG/180px-Prasopora.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Prasopora.JPG/240px-Prasopora.JPG 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="454" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Prasopora</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EncrustedStroph.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Brachiopoda, Briozoi"><img alt="Brachiopoda, Briozoi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/EncrustedStroph.JPG/120px-EncrustedStroph.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/EncrustedStroph.JPG/180px-EncrustedStroph.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/EncrustedStroph.JPG/240px-EncrustedStroph.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Brachiopoda, Briozoi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Protaraea.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coralli di Protaraea richmondensis"><img alt="Coralli di Protaraea richmondensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Protaraea.jpg/120px-Protaraea.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Protaraea.jpg/180px-Protaraea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Protaraea.jpg/240px-Protaraea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1788" data-file-height="1348" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coralli di <i>Protaraea richmondensis</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ZygospiraAttached.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zygospira modesta"><img alt="Zygospira modesta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/ZygospiraAttached.jpg/84px-ZygospiraAttached.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/ZygospiraAttached.jpg/127px-ZygospiraAttached.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/ZygospiraAttached.jpg/169px-ZygospiraAttached.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="1584" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Zygospira modesta</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DiplograptusCaneySprings.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Amplexograptus"><img alt="Amplexograptus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/DiplograptusCaneySprings.jpg/120px-DiplograptusCaneySprings.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/DiplograptusCaneySprings.jpg/180px-DiplograptusCaneySprings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/DiplograptusCaneySprings.jpg/240px-DiplograptusCaneySprings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1989" data-file-height="1515" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Amplexograptus</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cameroceras.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cameroceras"><img alt="Cameroceras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Cameroceras.jpg/120px-Cameroceras.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Cameroceras.jpg/180px-Cameroceras.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Cameroceras.jpg/240px-Cameroceras.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1217" data-file-height="369" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Cameroceras" title="Cameroceras">Cameroceras</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astraspis_desiderata.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Astrapis"><img alt="Astrapis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Astraspis_desiderata.jpg/84px-Astraspis_desiderata.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Astraspis_desiderata.jpg/127px-Astraspis_desiderata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Astraspis_desiderata.jpg/169px-Astraspis_desiderata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astrapis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astrapis (la pagina non esiste)">Astrapis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacabambaspis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sacabambaspis"><img alt="Sacabambaspis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sacabambaspis.jpg/86px-Sacabambaspis.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sacabambaspis.jpg/129px-Sacabambaspis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sacabambaspis.jpg/172px-Sacabambaspis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2298" data-file-height="3204" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Sacabambaspis" title="Sacabambaspis">Sacabambaspis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arandaspis_NT.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arandaspis"><img alt="Arandaspis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Arandaspis_NT.jpg/120px-Arandaspis_NT.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Arandaspis_NT.jpg/180px-Arandaspis_NT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Arandaspis_NT.jpg/240px-Arandaspis_NT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Arandaspis" class="mw-redirect" title="Arandaspis">Arandaspis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orthoceras_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthoceras"><img alt="Orthoceras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Orthoceras_BW.jpg/120px-Orthoceras_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Orthoceras_BW.jpg/180px-Orthoceras_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Orthoceras_BW.jpg/240px-Orthoceras_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="444" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthoceras_regulare" title="Orthoceras regulare">Orthoceras</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flora">Flora</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Flora" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Flora"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lunularia_cruciata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Lunularia_cruciata.jpg/220px-Lunularia_cruciata.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Lunularia_cruciata.jpg/330px-Lunularia_cruciata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Lunularia_cruciata.jpg/440px-Lunularia_cruciata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1644" data-file-height="1242" /></a><figcaption>Lunularia cruciata.</figcaption></figure> <p>Le <a href="/wiki/Alga_verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Alga verde">alghe verdi</a> erano piuttosto comuni nel Tardo Cambriano e nell'Ordoviciano e dalla loro evoluzione ebbero origine le piante. Le piante terrestri si svilupparono dapprima come muschi non vascolari simili alle <a href="/wiki/Epatiche" class="mw-redirect" title="Epatiche">epatiche</a> del tipo <a href="/wiki/Marchantiophyta" title="Marchantiophyta">Marchantiophyta</a>. Spore fossili di piante terrestri sono state identificate nei sedimenti dell'<a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_superiore" title="Ordoviciano superiore">Ordoviciano superiore</a>. </p><p>Le prime forme di funghi terrestri erano del tipo <a href="/wiki/Micorriza" title="Micorriza">micorriza</a> arbuscolare e hanno giocato un ruolo importante nel facilitare la colonizzazione della terra da parte delle piante attraverso la <a href="/wiki/Simbiosi_(ecologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Simbiosi (ecologia)">simbiosi</a> micorrizica, che mette i nutrienti del terreno a disposizione delle cellule vegetali. Sono stati ritrovati fossili di <a href="/wiki/Ife" class="mw-redirect" title="Ife">Ife</a> e <a href="/wiki/Spore" class="mw-redirect" title="Spore">spore</a> fungine dell'Ordoviciano risalenti a 460 milioni di anni fa, quando la flora terrestre doveva consistere essenzialmente di <a href="/wiki/Briofite" class="mw-redirect" title="Briofite">briofite</a> non vascolari.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Paleogeografia">Paleogeografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Paleogeografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Paleogeografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Durante l'Ordoviciano il livello marino fu elevato, infatti durante il <a href="/wiki/Tremadociano" title="Tremadociano">Tremadociano</a> l'ingressione marina in tutto il mondo fu una delle maggiori mai registrate. </p><p>I continenti meridionali erano uniti in un singolo <a href="/wiki/Supercontinente" title="Supercontinente">supercontinente</a> chiamato <a href="/wiki/Gondwana" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a>. All'inizio del periodo la Gondwana si trovava ad una <a href="/wiki/Latitudine" title="Latitudine">latitudine</a> <a href="/wiki/Equatore" title="Equatore">equatoriale</a>: successivamente cominciò man mano a migrare verso il <a href="/wiki/Polo_Sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Polo Sud">Polo Sud</a>. L'inizio dell'Ordoviciano è ritenuto essere un periodo caldo, almeno ai <a href="/wiki/Tropico_(geografia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropico (geografia)">tropici</a>, mentre nella parte conclusiva i <a href="/wiki/Ghiacciaio" title="Ghiacciaio">ghiacci</a> furono largamente estesi. Durante l'Ordoviciano la Gondwana fu estesamente coperta da mari poco profondi che favorirono la crescita di organismi che fissavano il <a href="/wiki/Carbonato_di_calcio" title="Carbonato di calcio">carbonato di calcio</a> nei loro gusci (<a href="/wiki/Conchiglia" title="Conchiglia">conchiglie</a>) o nelle loro parti solide del corpo. </p><p>Le rocce dell'Ordoviciano sono principalmente <a href="/wiki/Rocce_sedimentarie" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocce sedimentarie">sedimentarie</a>. A causa dell'area ristretta e della limitata elevazione delle terre emerse, caratteristiche che limitavano l'<a href="/wiki/Erosione" title="Erosione">erosione</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Sedimento" title="Sedimento">sedimenti</a> marini che compongono una gran parte dell'Ordoviciano consistono in <a href="/wiki/Calcare" title="Calcare">calcari</a>. Le <a href="/wiki/Argilla" title="Argilla">argille</a> e le <a href="/wiki/Arenaria" title="Arenaria">arenarie</a> sono meno rappresentate. </p><p>Un rilevante episodio di sollevamento fu l'<a href="/wiki/Orogenesi_taconiana" title="Orogenesi taconiana">orogenesi taconiana</a> che era già in corso durante il <a href="/wiki/Cambriano" title="Cambriano">Cambriano</a>. All'inizio dell'Ordoviciano superiore, tra 460 e 450 milioni di anni fa, i vulcani lungo la costa dell'oceano Giapeto eruttarono nell'atmosfera enormi quantità di <a href="/wiki/Anidride_carbonica" title="Anidride carbonica">anidride carbonica</a>, trasformando il pianeta in una serra caldissima. Quando le isole di questo <a href="/wiki/Arco_vulcanico" title="Arco vulcanico">arco vulcanico</a> entrarono in collisione con il Nord America, diedero luogo alla catena dei <a href="/wiki/Monti_Appalachi" class="mw-redirect" title="Monti Appalachi">Monti Appalachi</a>. Alla fine dell'Ordoviciano superiore le emissioni vulcaniche si fermarono. Nel frattempo la <a href="/wiki/Gondwana" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a> si era spostata verso il Polo sud e si era ricoperta di ghiaccio. </p><p>Nei mari la <a href="/wiki/Calcite" title="Calcite">calcite</a> a basso tenore di magnesio era la forma predominante nei precipitati di <a href="/wiki/Carbonato_di_calcio" title="Carbonato di calcio">carbonato di calcio</a> marino, permettendo lo sviluppo di fauna invertebrata dotata di scheletri calcitici.<sup id="cite_ref-Stanley_and_Hardie_1998_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stanley_and_Hardie_1998-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stanley_and_Hardie_1999_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stanley_and_Hardie_1999-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_fine_dell'Ordoviciano"><span id="La_fine_dell.27Ordoviciano"></span>La fine dell'Ordoviciano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione La fine dell'Ordoviciano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: La fine dell'Ordoviciano"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'Ordoviciano si concluse con una serie di <a href="/wiki/Estinzione" title="Estinzione">estinzioni</a> che, considerate collettivamente, compongono la seconda tra le cinque maggiori estinzioni della <a href="/wiki/Storia_della_Terra" title="Storia della Terra">storia della Terra</a> in termini di percentuale di <a href="/wiki/Specie" title="Specie">specie</a> scomparse. L'unica maggiore fu quella occorsa nel passaggio tra il <a href="/wiki/Permiano_(geologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Permiano (geologia)">Permiano</a> ed il <a href="/wiki/Triassico" title="Triassico">Triassico</a>. </p><p>L'estinzione avvenne circa fra 444-447 milioni di anni fa e segna la separazione tra l'Ordoviciano e il seguente periodo, il <a href="/wiki/Siluriano" title="Siluriano">Siluriano</a>. A quel tempo molti organismi complessi multicellulari che vivevano nel mare (circa il 49% delle specie della fauna) scomparirono per sempre; <a href="/wiki/Brachiopode" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachiopode">brachiopodi</a> e <a href="/wiki/Briozoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Briozoi">briozoi</a> furono decimati, insieme a molte famiglie di <a href="/wiki/Trilobite" class="mw-redirect" title="Trilobite">trilobiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conodonte" class="mw-redirect" title="Conodonte">conodonti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Graptolite" class="mw-redirect" title="Graptolite">graptoliti</a>. </p><p>La teoria più accettata è che, a causa di imponenti <a href="/wiki/Glaciazione" title="Glaciazione">glaciazioni</a>, il livello marino si abbassò drasticamente, la composizione chimica degli oceani mutò e si ebbe l'<a href="/wiki/Estinzione_di_massa#Ordoviciano-Siluriano_(circa_450_milioni_di_anni_fa)" title="Estinzione di massa">estinzione</a> di molte specie marine fra cui i <a href="/wiki/Graptolithina" title="Graptolithina">graptoliti</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Depositi glaciali di questo periodo sono stati trovati nel <a href="/wiki/Deserto_del_Sahara" title="Deserto del Sahara">deserto del Sahara</a>. Si pensa infatti che, a causa delle <a href="/wiki/Deriva_dei_continenti" title="Deriva dei continenti">deriva dei continenti</a>, il supercontinente <a href="/wiki/Gondwana" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a> transitando vicino al <a href="/wiki/Polo_Sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Polo Sud">Polo Sud</a> abbia causato una prolungata glaciazione. Gli impulsi glaciali furono almeno due, separati da 500.000-1.000.000 di anni durante i quali il <a href="/wiki/Livello_del_mare" title="Livello del mare">livello del mare</a> risalì rapidamente. </p><p>Secondo una ipotesi avanzata da A. Melott della Kansas University, questa estinzione di massa sarebbe stata causata da <a href="/wiki/Lampo_gamma" title="Lampo gamma">lampi di raggi gamma</a> dovuti all'esplosione di una <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova</a> "<a href="/wiki/Supernova_vicina_alla_Terra" title="Supernova vicina alla Terra">vicina</a>" (qualche migliaio di anni luce) particolarmente massiccia.<sup id="cite_ref-Melott2006_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melott2006-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. In generale però si ritiene che gli eventi di estinzione abbiano una genesi piuttosto complessa e dipendano una elevata serie di concause. Una teoria prevede che la glaciazione sia stata causata dai primi <a href="/wiki/Bryophyta" title="Bryophyta">muschi</a> che colonizzarono la terraferma e che sottrassero CO₂ all'aria<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Commenta <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Kolbert" title="Elizabeth Kolbert">Elizabeth Kolbert</a>: «Se così fosse, la prima estinzione di massa degli animali sarebbe stata causata dalle piante»<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L'Ordoviciano_in_Italia"><span id="L.27Ordoviciano_in_Italia"></span>L'Ordoviciano in Italia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione L'Ordoviciano in Italia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: L'Ordoviciano in Italia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I terreni ordoviciani in <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> non sono molto diffusi. Sono rappresentati solo in <a href="/wiki/Sardegna" title="Sardegna">Sardegna</a> (metaconglomerati a matrice argillosa, detti "puddinghe", nella zona costiera dell'<a href="/wiki/Iglesiente" title="Iglesiente">Iglesiente</a>) e nelle <a href="/wiki/Alpi_Carniche" title="Alpi Carniche">Alpi Carniche</a> (calcari marnosi, in quota). Le puddinghe sarde sono il risultato di una fase di continentalità dell'Iglesiente, limitata all'Ordoviciano medio, detta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fase_Sarda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fase Sarda (la pagina non esiste)">Fase Sarda</a>, in cui si ebbe l'erosione di gran parte dei preesistenti depositi cambriani e la rideposizione dei prodotti erosi in una matrice argillosa, in <a href="/wiki/Discordanza_stratigrafica" class="mw-redirect" title="Discordanza stratigrafica">discordanza stratigrafica</a> sui depositi preesistenti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Gradstein, Felix M.; Ogg, J. G.; Smith, A. G. (2004). A Geologic Time Scale 2004. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0521786738" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-78673-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ics2009-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-ics2009_2-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-ics2009_2-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stratigraphy.science.purdue.edu/gssp/">Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the International Commission of Stratigraphy</a>, Status on 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chart2014-3"><a href="#cite_ref-chart2014_3-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Commissione internazionale di stratigrafia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stratigraphy.org/chart"><span style="font-style:italic;">International Chronostratigraphic Chart</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">stratigraphy.org</span>, Unione internazionale di scienze geologiche. <small>URL consultato l'8 marzo 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerato1-4"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerato1_4-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stratigraphy.science.purdue.edu/gssp/">Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the International Commission of Stratigraphy</a>, Status on 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Roger A. Cooper, Godfrey S. Nowlan and S. Henry Williams: <i>Global Stratotype Section and Point for base of the Ordovician System.</i> Episodes, 24(1): 19-28, Beijing 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DN1-6"><a href="#cite_ref-DN1_6-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stratigraphy.science.purdue.edu/gssp/index.php?parentid=77">GSSP for Tremadocian Stage</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dixon2001-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Dixon2001_7-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Dougal Dixon <i>et al.</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/atlasoflifeonear0000unse"><span style="font-style:italic;">Atlas of Life on Earth</span></a>, New York, Barnes & Noble Books, 2001, p. 87, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7607-1957-8" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7607-1957-8">0-7607-1957-8</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooper1986-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Cooper1986_8-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Cooper1986_8-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> John D. Cooper, Miller, Richard H.; Patterson, Jacqueline, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tripthroughtimep0000coop"><span style="font-style:italic;">A Trip Through Time: Principles of Historical Geology</span></a>, Columbus, Merrill Publishing Company, 1986, pp. 247, 255–259, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-675-20140-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-675-20140-3">0-675-20140-3</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> D. Redecker, Kodner, R. ; Graham, L. E., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oadoi.org/10.1126/science.289.5486.1920"><span style="font-style:italic;">Glomalean fungi from the Ordovician</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Science</a></span>, vol. 289, n. 5486, 2000, pp. 1920–1921, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.289.5486.1920">10.1126/science.289.5486.1920</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10988069">10988069</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stanley_and_Hardie_1998-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Stanley_and_Hardie_1998_10-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> S. M. Stanley, Hardie, L. A., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oadoi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00109-6"><span style="font-style:italic;">Secular oscillations in the carbonate mineralogy of reef-building and sediment-producing organisms driven by tectonically forced shifts in seawater chemistry</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</span>, vol. 144, 1998, pp. 3–19, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0031-0182%2898%2900109-6">10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00109-6</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stanley_and_Hardie_1999-11"><a href="#cite_ref-Stanley_and_Hardie_1999_11-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> S. M. Stanley, Hardie, L. A., <span style="font-style:italic;">Hypercalcification; paleontology links plate tectonics and geochemistry to sedimentology</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">GSA Today</span>, vol. 9, 1999, pp. 1–7.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Wolfgang Kiessling e Carl Simpson, <span style="font-style:italic;">Global Change Biology</span>, New York, Oxford Printing Press, 2011, pp. 56–67, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0199214983" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0199214983">978-0199214983</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melott2006-13"><a href="#cite_ref-Melott2006_13-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Adrian Melott <i>et al.</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oadoi.org/10.1017/S1473550404001910"><span style="font-style:italic;">Did a gamma-ray burst initiate the late Ordovician mass extinction?</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">International Journal of Astrobiology</span>, vol. 3, 2004, pp. 55–61, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS1473550404001910">10.1017/S1473550404001910</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Timothy M. Lenton e al., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oadoi.org/10.1038/ngeo1390"><span style="font-style:italic;">First plants cooled the Ordovician</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Nature Geoscience</span>, vol. 5, February 2012, pp. 86–89, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fngeo1390">10.1038/ngeo1390</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Elizabeth Kolbert, <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/La_sesta_estinzione:_una_storia_innaturale" title="La sesta estinzione: una storia innaturale">La sesta estinzione: una storia innaturale</a></span> [<span style="font-style:italic;">The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History</span>], traduzione di Cristiano Peddis, Vicenza, Neri Pozza Editore, 2014, p. 130, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-545-0860-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-545-0860-6">978-88-545-0860-6</a>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>B. D. Webby, F. Paris, M. L. Droser und I. G. Percival (Herausgeber): <i>The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event</i>, S.41-47, Columbia University Press, New York 2004 <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0231126786" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-231-12678-6</a>.</li> <li>Roger A. Cooper, Godfrey S. Nowlan und S. Henry Williams: <i>Global Stratotype Section and Point for base of the Ordovician System.</i> Episodes, 24(1): 19-28, Beijing 2001 <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> 0705-3797<span class="noprint" style="font-size:90%"> (<span title="Ricerca su WorldCat"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0705-3797&lang=it">WC</a></span><b> ·</b> <span title="Ricerca su ACNP (Italia)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acnpsearch.unibo.it/search?issn=0705-3797">ACNP</a></span>)</span></li> <li>Roland Walter: <i>Erdgeschichte Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane.</i> 5. Aufl., 325 S., de Gruyter, Berlin & New York 2003. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/3110176971" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-11-017697-1</a></li> <li>L. R. M. Cocks und T. H. Torsvik: <i>European geography in a global context from the Vendian to the end of the Palaeozoic.</i> In: D. G. Gee und R. A. Stephenson (Hrsg.): <i>European Lithosphere Dynamics.</i> Geological Society London Memoirs, 32: 83-95, London 2006 <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> 0435-4052<span class="noprint" style="font-size:90%"> (<span title="Ricerca su WorldCat"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0435-4052&lang=it">WC</a></span><b> ·</b> <span title="Ricerca su ACNP (Italia)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acnpsearch.unibo.it/search?issn=0435-4052">ACNP</a></span>)</span></li> <li>Gérard M. Stampfli, Jürgen F. von Raumer und Gilles D. Borel: <i>Paleozoic evolution of pre-Variscan terranes: From Gondwana to the Variscan collision.</i>Geological Society of America Special Paper, 364: 263-280, Boulder 2002 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unil.ch/webdav/site/mcg/users/gborel/public/Peri-Gond_GSA.pdf">PDF</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scala_dei_tempi_geologici" title="Scala dei tempi geologici">Scala dei tempi geologici</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/ordoviciano" class="extiw" title="wikt:ordoviciano">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Ordovician"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ordovician?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/ordoviciano" class="extiw" title="wikt:ordoviciano">ordoviciano</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ordovician?uselang=it">ordoviciano</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Steven M. Holland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Ordovician-Period"><span style="font-style:italic;">Ordovician Period</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62100#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stratigraphy.org">International Commission on Stratigraphy</a> (ICS)</li></ul> <table class="noprint toccolours" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#B3E2D1" colspan="11" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Fanerozoico" title="Fanerozoico">eone Fanerozoico</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#80B5D5" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Paleozoico" title="Paleozoico">era Paleozoica</a> </th> <th style="background:#7FAD51" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Mesozoico" title="Mesozoico">era Mesozoica</a> </th> <th style="background:#FFFF00" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Cenozoico" title="Cenozoico">era Cenozoica</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="noprint toccolours" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#80B5D5" colspan="6" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Paleozoico" title="Paleozoico">era Paleozoica</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FB805F"><a href="/wiki/Cambriano" title="Cambriano">periodo Cambriano</a> </th> <th style="background:#F981A6"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">periodo Ordoviciano</a> </th> <th style="background:#B172B6"><a href="/wiki/Siluriano" title="Siluriano">periodo Siluriano</a> </th> <th style="background:#9999C9"><a href="/wiki/Devoniano" title="Devoniano">periodo Devoniano</a> </th> <th style="background:#99BDDA"><a href="/wiki/Carbonifero" title="Carbonifero">periodo Carbonifero</a> </th> <th style="background:#67C6DD"><a href="/wiki/Permiano" title="Permiano">periodo Permiano</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="toccolours" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#F981A6" colspan="3">periodo Ordoviciano </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#E67DA4"><a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_inferiore" title="Ordoviciano inferiore">Ordoviciano inferiore</a> </th> <th style="background:#FA9AB1"><a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_medio" title="Ordoviciano medio">Ordoviciano medio</a> </th> <th style="background:#FBB4BD"><a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano_superiore" title="Ordoviciano superiore">Ordoviciano superiore</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Tremadociano" title="Tremadociano">Tremadociano</a> | <a href="/wiki/Floiano" title="Floiano">Floiano</a> | </th> <th style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Dapingiano" title="Dapingiano">Dapingiano</a> | <a href="/wiki/Darriwiliano" title="Darriwiliano">Darriwiliano</a> | </th> <th style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Sandbiano" title="Sandbiano">Sandbiano</a> | <a href="/wiki/Katiano" title="Katiano">Katiano</a> | <a href="/wiki/Hirnantiano" title="Hirnantiano">Hirnantiano</a> | </th></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=37589">37589</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95010914">sh95010914</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4172743-5">4172743-5</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119442931">cb119442931</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119442931">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007537114305171">987007537114305171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00568938">00568938</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jordens_inre.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scienze della Terra"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Jordens_inre.svg/24px-Jordens_inre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Jordens_inre.svg/36px-Jordens_inre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Jordens_inre.svg/48px-Jordens_inre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="833" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Scienze_della_Terra" title="Portale:Scienze della Terra">Portale Scienze della Terra</a></b>: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di Scienze della Terra</div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&oldid=139769646">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ordoviciano&oldid=139769646</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ordoviciano" title="Categoria:Ordoviciano">Ordoviciano</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie nascoste: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_modulo_citazione_e_parametro_pagine" title="Categoria:Voci con modulo citazione e parametro pagine">Voci con modulo citazione e parametro pagine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_modulo_citazione_e_parametro_coautori" title="Categoria:Voci con modulo citazione e parametro coautori">Voci con modulo citazione e parametro coautori</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pagine_che_utilizzano_collegamenti_magici_ISBN" title="Categoria:Pagine che utilizzano collegamenti magici ISBN">Pagine che utilizzano collegamenti magici ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P1417_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P1417 letta da Wikidata">P1417 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_Thesaurus_BNCF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF">Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_GND" title="Categoria:Voci con codice GND">Voci con codice GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_J9U" title="Categoria:Voci con codice J9U">Voci con codice J9U</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_NDL" title="Categoria:Voci con codice NDL">Voci con codice NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_non_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 15 giu 2024 alle 18:12.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; 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