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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Latar_belakang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latar_belakang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Latar belakang</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Latar_belakang-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Latar belakang</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Latar_belakang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Enam_sumber" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enam_sumber"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Enam sumber</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enam_sumber-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ucapan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ucapan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ucapan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ucapan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pautan_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pautan_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pautan luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pautan_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Majlis Clermont</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 40 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsili_Clermont" title="Konsili Clermont – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konsili Clermont" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Клермонскі сабор – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Клермонскі сабор" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klermonski_sabor" title="Klermonski sabor – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Klermonski sabor" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Клермонски събор – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Клермонски събор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concili_de_Clarmont_(1095)" title="Concili de Clarmont (1095) – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Concili de Clarmont (1095)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clermontsk%C3%BD_koncil" title="Clermontský koncil – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Clermontský koncil" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synode_von_Clermont" title="Synode von Clermont – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Synode von Clermont" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Clermont" title="Council of Clermont – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Council of Clermont" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concilio_de_Clermont" title="Concilio de Clermont – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Concilio de Clermont" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koncilio_de_Clermont" title="Koncilio de Clermont – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Koncilio de Clermont" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clermonteko_Kontzilioa" title="Clermonteko Kontzilioa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Clermonteko Kontzilioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="شورای کلرمون – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شورای کلرمون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concile_de_Clermont_(1095)" title="Concile de Clermont (1095) – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Concile de Clermont (1095)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concilio_de_Clermont" title="Concilio de Clermont – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Concilio de Clermont" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A0%88%EB%A5%B4%EB%AA%BD_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C" title="클레르몽 공의회 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="클레르몽 공의회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabor_u_Clermontu" title="Sabor u Clermontu – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sabor u Clermontu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concilio_di_Clermont" title="Concilio di Clermont – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Concilio di Clermont" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%93%D7%AA_%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F" title="ועידת קלרמון – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ועידת קלרמון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="კლერმონის საეკლესიო კრება – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კლერმონის საეკლესიო კრება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clermont-i_zsinat" title="Clermont-i zsinat – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Clermont-i zsinat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Собор во Клермон – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Собор во Клермон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4nsily_tao_Clermont_tamin%27_ny_taona_1095" title="Kônsily tao Clermont tamin' ny taona 1095 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kônsily tao Clermont tamin' ny taona 1095" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synode_van_Clermont" title="Synode van Clermont – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Synode van Clermont" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A%E4%BC%9A%E8%AD%B0" title="クレルモン教会会議 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クレルモン教会会議" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Клермонан собор – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Клермонан собор" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsilet_i_Clermont" title="Konsilet i Clermont – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Konsilet i Clermont" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synod_w_Clermont" title="Synod w Clermont – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Synod w Clermont" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conc%C3%ADlio_de_Clermont" title="Concílio de Clermont – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Concílio de Clermont" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conciliul_de_la_Clermont" title="Conciliul de la Clermont – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Conciliul de la Clermont" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Клермонский собор – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Клермонский собор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clermontsk%C3%BD_koncil" title="Clermontský koncil – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Clermontský koncil" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koncil_v_Clermontu" title="Koncil v Clermontu – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Koncil v Clermontu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Сабор у Клермону – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сабор у Клермону" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koncil_u_Clermontu" title="Koncil u Clermontu – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Koncil u Clermontu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clermontin_kirkolliskokous" title="Clermontin kirkolliskokous – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Clermontin kirkolliskokous" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%87" title="การประชุมที่แกลร์มง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การประชุมที่แกลร์มง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clermont_Konsili" title="Clermont Konsili – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Clermont Konsili" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Клермонський собор – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Клермонський собор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E8%8A%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="克莱芒会议 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="克莱芒会议" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E8%8A%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="克莱芒会议 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克莱芒会议" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Rencana ini <b>memerlukan <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sumber_petikan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Sumber petikan">petikan</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sumber_yang_boleh_dipercayai" title="Wikipedia:Sumber yang boleh dipercayai">rujukan</a> tambahan untuk <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pengesahan" title="Wikipedia:Pengesahan">pengesahan</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Sila bantu <a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&action=edit">memperbaiki rencana ini</a> dengan menambahkan petikan ke <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sumber_yang_boleh_dipercayai" title="Wikipedia:Sumber yang boleh dipercayai">sumber-sumber yang boleh dipercayai</a>. Bahan yang tidak disahkan mungkin akan dipertikai dan <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pengesahan" title="Wikipedia:Pengesahan">dipadam</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Cari sumber:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Majlis+Clermont%22">"Majlis Clermont"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Majlis+Clermont%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">berita</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Majlis+Clermont%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">akhbar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Majlis+Clermont%22+-wikipedia">buku</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Majlis+Clermont%22">sarjana</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Majlis+Clermont%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" class="extiw" title="en:Help:Maintenance template removal">Ketahui cara dan masa untuk membuang pesanan templat ini</a>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:CouncilofClermont.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CouncilofClermont.jpg/300px-CouncilofClermont.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CouncilofClermont.jpg/450px-CouncilofClermont.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CouncilofClermont.jpg/600px-CouncilofClermont.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1072" data-file-height="1035" /></a><figcaption>Paus Urban II pada Majlis Clermont, lukisan diberikan sekitaran <a href="/wiki/Seni_bina_Goth" title="Seni bina Goth">Goth lewat</a> dalam hiasan manuskrip berwarni-warni yang diambil daripada <i>Livre des Passages d'Outre-mer</i>, lebih kurang tahun 1490 <a href="/wiki/Tahun_Masihi" title="Tahun Masihi">M</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_National&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliothèque National (laman tidak wujud)">Bibliothèque National</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:B_Urban_II2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/B_Urban_II2.jpg/220px-B_Urban_II2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/B_Urban_II2.jpg/330px-B_Urban_II2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/B_Urban_II2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="566" /></a><figcaption>Paus Urban II berkhutbah tentang <a href="/wiki/Perang_Salib_Pertama" title="Perang Salib Pertama">Perang Salib Pertama</a> di Majlis Clermont.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Majlis Clermont</b> ialah sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Synod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Synod (laman tidak wujud)">synod</a> <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Roman_Katolik" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Roman Katolik">Gereja Roman Katolik</a> yang dihadiri campuran para ahli agama dan orang awam. Majlis diadakan pada 18 hingga 28 November 1095 <a href="/wiki/Tahun_Masihi" title="Tahun Masihi">M</a> di <a href="/wiki/Clermont-Ferrand" title="Clermont-Ferrand">Clermont</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perancis" title="Perancis">Perancis</a>. Ucapan <a href="/wiki/Paus_Urban_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Paus Urban II">Paus Urban II</a> pada 27 November menjadi titik tolak <a href="/wiki/Perang_Salib_Pertama" title="Perang Salib Pertama">Perang Salib Pertama</a>. </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latar_belakang">Latar belakang</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Latar belakang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Latar belakang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam tahun 1095 M, <a href="/wiki/Maharaja_Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharaja Byzantine">Maharaja Byzantine</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexius_I_Comnenus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexius I Comnenus (laman tidak wujud)">Alexius I Comnenus</a> menghantar duta-duta ke Barat bagi meminta bantuan ketenteraan untuk menentang <a href="/wiki/Seljuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuk">Turk Seljuk</a>. Utusan telah diterima Paus Urban II pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Piacenza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majlis Piacenza (laman tidak wujud)">Majlis Piacenza</a>. Kemudian dalam tahun yang sama, yakni pada bulan November, Urban membuat persidangan Majlis Clermont untuk membincangakan perkara itu lebih lanjut. Dengan pemanggilan persidangan majlis, Urban menyeru para <a href="/wiki/Uskup" title="Uskup">uskup</a> dan <i>abbot</i> (paderi), yang diseru secara langsung, untuk membawa pembesar-pembesar di wilayah masing-masing bersama-sama. </p><p>Majlis berjalan dari 19 November hingga 28 November, dan dihadiri hampir 300 orang paderi dari seluruh pelusuk Perancis. Urban membincangkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reformasi_Cluny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reformasi Cluny (laman tidak wujud)">reformasi Cluny</a> terhadap Gereja, dan juga melakukan <a href="/wiki/Pengucilan" title="Pengucilan">pengucilan</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> terhadap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_I_dari_Perancis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip I dari Perancis (laman tidak wujud)">Philip I dari Perancis</a> kerana perkahwinan semula raja itu dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertrade_dari_Montfort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertrade dari Montfort (laman tidak wujud)">Bertrade dari Montfort</a>, yang dikira penzinaan. Pada 27 November, Urban berucap buat kali pertamanya tentang masalah-masalah di Timur. Beliau mengetengahkan perjuangan Kristian Barat terhadap <a href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> yang telah menduduki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanah_Suci_(Bible)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanah Suci (Bible) (laman tidak wujud)">Tanah Suci</a> dan yang sedang menyerang <a href="/wiki/Empayar_Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Empayar Byzantine">Empayar Rom Timur</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enam_sumber">Enam sumber</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Enam sumber" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Enam sumber"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Terdapat enam sumber maklumat utama tentang bahagian Majlis ini: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gesta_Francorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gesta Francorum (laman tidak wujud)">Gesta Francorum</a></i> ("Perbuatan-perbuatan Faranj" bertarikh lebih kurang 1100/1101 M) yang awanama,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang mempengaruhi semua versi ucapan Urban melainkan versi yang ditulis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulcher_dari_Chartres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fulcher dari Chartres (laman tidak wujud)">Fulcher dari Chartres</a>, yang hadir pada majlis tersebut—versi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_si_Rahib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert si Rahib (laman tidak wujud)">Robert si Rahib</a>, yang mungkin hadir; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baldric,_ketua_uskup_Dol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baldric, ketua uskup Dol (laman tidak wujud)">Baldric, ketua uskup Dol</a>; dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guibert_de_Nogent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guibert de Nogent (laman tidak wujud)">Guibert de Nogent</a>, yang kesemuanya tidak hadir pada Majlis. Kesemua periwayatan ini ditulis pada masa selepas Majlis diadakan; riwayat-riwayat ini mengikut tradisi persuratan yang berlainan dan oleh sebab itu berbeza-beza antara satu sama yang lain.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lebih penting daripada lima ucapan yang digubah daripada sumber-sumber terkemudian, yang sering dipengaruhi oleh sikap penulis terhadap peperangan agama, ialah sepucuk surat yang ditulis oleh Urban sendiri pada bulan Disember 1095 yang merujuk kepada Majlis Clermont. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ucapan">Ucapan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Ucapan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Ucapan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mengikut Fulcher dari Chartres yang menulis sebuah versi ucapan dalam <i>Gesta Francorum Jerusalem Expugnantium</i>, Urban bercakap tentang beberapa penyalahgunaan gereja seprti <i>simony</i> (membayar untuk mendapatkan sakramen) dan ketidakpatuhan pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kedamaian_Tuhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kedamaian Tuhan (laman tidak wujud)">Kedamaian Tuhan</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6366573">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 50px;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.5em;padding-top:1.0em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Biarlah sesiapa yang sudah biasa dengan zalimnya berperang dengan orang yang beriman [Kristian] sekarang pergi berperang menentang kafir [Muslim] dan akhiri peperangan ini, yang sepatutnya sudah dimulakan dahulu lagi, dengan kemenangan. Biarlah mereka yang sudah lama menjadi perompak, sekarang menjadi kesatria. Biarlah mereka yang sedang berperang dengan saudara-saudara mereka sekarang pergi berperang dengan cara yang betul menentang orang gusar. Biarlah mereka yang sedang berkhidmat sebagai askar upahan dengan upah yang kecil sekarang dapat ganjaran kekal. Biarlah mereka yang sudah jerih tubuh dan roh sekarang berusaha untuk mendapatkan penghormatan berganda.<sup id="cite_ref-ford_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ford-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Urban tidak menyebut <a href="/wiki/Baitulmaqdis" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitulmaqdis">Jerusalem</a> (Baitulmaqdis) langsung dalam ucapan yang dicatat Fulcher. Walau bagaimanapun, Urban ada bercakap tentang bantuan yang diperlukan <a href="/wiki/Empayar_Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Empayar Byzantine">Empayar Byzantine</a> untuk menangani serangan <a href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6366573"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Dengan ketangkasan yang baru ekoran keinsafan yang dikurniakan Tuhan, anda mesti gunakan kekeutan kebenaran terhadap satu perkara yang berkaitan dengan anda dan juga Tuhan. Ini kerana saudara-saudara anda yang tinggal di Timur sangat memerlukan bantuan anda, dan anda mesti bergegas memberi bantuan yang sering kalai dijanjikan kepada mereka. Kerana, seperti kebanyakan anda sudahpun maklum, orang Turk dan Arab telah menyerang mereka dan sudahpun manakluki wilayah Romania [Empayar Byzantine/Yunani] jauh ke barat hingga ke pantai Mediterranean dan Hellespont, yang dipanggil Lengan St. George. Bertambah-tambah tanah orang Kristian yang sudah mereka duduki, dan sudah tertewas mereka [orang Kristian] dalam tujuh pertempuran. Mereka telahpun membunuh dan menawan ramai orang, dan sudah membinaksan gereja-gereja dan meranapkan empayar. Jika anda benarkan mereka untuk bertindak sedemikian sejenak  [<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sic (laman tidak wujud)">sic</a></i>] tanpa balasan, lebih ramai lagi orang yang beriman dengan Tuhan akan diserang mereka. Oleh sebab ini saya, atau lebih tepat lagi Tuhan, menyeru kalian sebagai utusan Christ agar menyebarkan berita ini ke mana-mana tempat dan meyakinkan semua orang dengan tidak mengira pangkat, soldadu biasa atau kesatria, miskin atau kaya, agar segera membantu orang Kristian dan menghapuskan bangsa yang keji itu dari tanah sahabat-sahabat kita.<sup id="cite_ref-ford_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ford-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><br /> Pada hari terakhir Majlis, sebuah panggilan am dihantar kepada para kesatria dan pembesar di Perancis. Urban nampaknya sudah tahu lebih awal lagi akan hari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_IV_dari_Toulouse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond IV dari Toulouse (laman tidak wujud)">Raymond IV dari Toulouse</a>, luar biasa oleh sebab keberanian dan kewarakannya, bersedia untuk mengangkat senjata. Urban sendiri menghabiskan beberapa bulan bercakap tentang Perang Salib di Perancis, sementara wakil-wakil peribadi paus menyebarkan seruan di seltan Itali; dalam tempoh itu tumpuan berubah daripada membantu Alexius kepada menawan Jerusalem. Boleh jadi yang masyarakat umum, yang mendengar tentang Majlis, memahami bahawa inilah matlamat sebenar Perang Salib. </p><p>Surat Urban, yang dialamatkan kepada orang beriman "yang menunggu di <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a>," ada meratapi hakikat yang orang Turk, selain meranapkan "gereja-geraja Tuhan di wilayah timur," telah merampas "Kota Suci Christ, yang dihiasi oleh penderitaan dan kebangkitannya—dan kufur jika mengatakannya—sudah menjualnya beserta gereja-gerejanya ke dalam kehambaan yang terkutuk." Namun demikian, beliau tidak menyeru penaklukan Jerusalem secara jelas. Sebaliknya, beliau secara jelasnya menyeru kepada "pembebasan" <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Timur" title="Kristian Timur">Gereja Timur</a>, dan melantik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adhemar_dari_Le_Puy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adhemar dari Le Puy (laman tidak wujud)">Adhemar dari Le Puy</a> sebagai ketua Perang Salib, yang akan mula mara pada hari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_diangkat_ke_Langit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary diangkat ke Langit (laman tidak wujud)">Mary diangkat ke Langit</a> (<i>Assumption of Mary</i>), 15 Ogos.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6173370">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perihal tindakan yang memencilkan seseorang daripada menyertai gereja Kristian atau diberikan pengkebumian oleh gereja sekiranya dia mati kecuali setelah dia mengaku segala dosanya serta mendapat pengampunan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Search.aspx?k=excommunication">takrif DBP</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-5vers.html#gesta">http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-5vers.html#gesta</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Georg Strack, The sermon of Urban II in Clermont 1095 and the Tradition of Papal Oratory, in: Medieval Sermon Studies 56 (2012), S. 30-45. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.mag.geschichte.uni-muenchen.de/downloads/strack_urban.pdf">http://www.mag.geschichte.uni-muenchen.de/downloads/strack_urban.pdf</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ford-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ford_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ford_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-5vers.html">http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-5vers.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quotes from Urban's letter in <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFRiley-SmithRiley-Smith1981" class="citation book cs1">Riley-Smith, Louise; Riley-Smith, Johnathan, penyunting (1981). <i>The Crusades: Idea and Reality, 1095-1274</i>. Documents of Medieval History. <b>4</b>. London: E. Arnold. m/s. 38. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/0-7131-6348-8" title="Khas:Sumber buku/0-7131-6348-8"><bdi>0-7131-6348-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crusades%3A+Idea+and+Reality%2C+1095-1274&rft.place=London&rft.series=Documents+of+Medieval+History&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=E.+Arnold&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-7131-6348-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMajlis+Clermont" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pautan_luar">Pautan luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bahagian: Pautan luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pautan luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-5vers.html">Medieval Sourcebook:</a> Five versions of Urban's sermon</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.famoushistoricalevents.net/council-clermont/">Council Of Clermont - Paradoxically, the Crusades Enlarge the Life and Culture of Western Europe</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&oldid=6042342">https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Clermont&oldid=6042342</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Perang_Salib" title="Kategori:Perang Salib">Perang Salib</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:1095" title="Kategori:1095">1095</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori-kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Rencana_yang_memerlukan_rujukan_tambahan_dari_November_2010" title="Kategori:Rencana yang memerlukan rujukan tambahan dari November 2010">Rencana yang memerlukan rujukan tambahan dari November 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Semua_rencana_yang_memerlukan_rujukan_tambahan" title="Kategori:Semua rencana yang memerlukan rujukan tambahan">Semua rencana yang memerlukan rujukan tambahan</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Laman ini kali terakhir disunting pada 23:41, 3 Disember 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks disediakan di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms">Lesen Creative Commons Pengiktirafan/Perkongsian Serupa</a>; terma tambahan mungkin digunapakai. 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