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</label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">反宗教改革</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="去睇另一種語文嘅文章。有76種語言版本。" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenhervorming" title="Teenhervorming – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Teenhervorming" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gegenreformation" title="Gegenreformation – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gegenreformation" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="الإصلاح المضاد – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإصلاح المضاد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrarreforma" title="Contrarreforma – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Contrarreforma" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fksreformasiya" title="Əksreformasiya – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əksreformasiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Контррэфармацыя – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Контррэфармацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Контрарэфармацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Контрарэфармацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Контрареформация – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Контрареформация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enepdisivouderezh" title="Enepdisivouderezh – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Enepdisivouderezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protivreformacija" title="Protivreformacija – 波士尼亞文" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Protivreformacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波士尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrareforma" title="Contrareforma – 加泰羅尼亞文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Contrareforma" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰羅尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protireformace" title="Protireformace – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Protireformace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwrth-Ddiwygiad" title="Gwrth-Ddiwygiad – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwrth-Ddiwygiad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modreformationen" title="Modreformationen – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Modreformationen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gegenreformation" title="Gegenreformation – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gegenreformation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%81%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Αντιμεταρρύθμιση – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντιμεταρρύθμιση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Counter-Reformation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontra%C5%ADreformacio" title="Kontraŭreformacio – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kontraŭreformacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrarreforma" title="Contrarreforma – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Contrarreforma" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastureformatsioon" title="Vastureformatsioon – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vastureformatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrarreforma" title="Kontrarreforma – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kontrarreforma" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="اصلاح کاتولیک – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اصلاح کاتولیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastauskonpuhdistus" title="Vastauskonpuhdistus – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vastauskonpuhdistus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastareformats%27uun" title="Vastareformats'uun – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vastareformats'uun" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contre-R%C3%A9forme" title="Contre-Réforme – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Contre-Réforme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrareformaasje" title="Kontrareformaasje – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kontrareformaasje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frith-Reifeirm%C3%A9isean" title="Frith-Reifeirméisean – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Frith-Reifeirméisean" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrarreforma" title="Contrarreforma – 加里西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Contrarreforma" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%94-%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="קונטרה-רפורמציה – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קונטרה-רפורמציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8" title="धर्मसुधार-विरोधी आंदोलन – 北印度文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="धर्मसुधार-विरोधी आंदोलन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="北印度文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protureformacija" title="Protureformacija – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Protureformacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellenreform%C3%A1ci%C3%B3" title="Ellenreformáció – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ellenreformáció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A5%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Հակառեֆորմացիա – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հակառեֆորմացիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformasi_Katolik" title="Reformasi Katolik – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Reformasi Katolik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrereformo" title="Kontrereformo – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kontrereformo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagnsi%C3%B0b%C3%B3tin" title="Gagnsiðbótin – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gagnsiðbótin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controriforma" title="Controriforma – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Controriforma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%BE%E6%8A%97%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="対抗宗教改革 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="対抗宗教改革" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81" title="반종교개혁 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="반종교개혁" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrareformatio" title="Contrareformatio – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Contrareformatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9igereformatioun" title="Géigereformatioun – 盧森堡文" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Géigereformatioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="盧森堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrarifformatie" title="Contrarifformatie – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Contrarifformatie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controriforma" title="Controriforma – 利古里亞文" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Controriforma" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrareforma" title="Contrareforma – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Contrareforma" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrreformacija" title="Kontrreformacija – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kontrreformacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrreform%C4%81cija" title="Kontrreformācija – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kontrreformācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanoheram-panavaozana" title="Fanoheram-panavaozana – 馬拉加什文" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fanoheram-panavaozana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="馬拉加什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontra-Reformasi" title="Kontra-Reformasi – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kontra-Reformasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrareformatie" title="Contrareformatie – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Contrareformatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motreformasjon" title="Motreformasjon – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Motreformasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motreformasjonen" title="Motreformasjonen – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Motreformasjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B2ntra-Reforma" title="Còntra-Reforma – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Còntra-Reforma" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrreformacja" title="Kontrreformacja – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kontrreformacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrarreforma" title="Contrarreforma – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Contrarreforma" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuntrarefurma" title="Cuntrarefurma – 羅曼斯文" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Cuntrarefurma" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="羅曼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrareforma" title="Contrareforma – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Contrareforma" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Контрреформация – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Контрреформация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrareformacija" title="Kontrareformacija – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kontrareformacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Counter-Reformation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protireform%C3%A1cia" title="Protireformácia – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Protireformácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protireformacija" title="Protireformacija – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Protireformacija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kund%C3%ABr-Reforma" title="Kundër-Reforma – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kundër-Reforma" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Контрареформација – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Контрареформација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juunreformation" title="Juunreformation – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Juunreformation" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motreformationen" title="Motreformationen – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Motreformationen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urekebisho_wa_Kikatoliki" title="Urekebisho wa Kikatoliki – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Urekebisho wa Kikatoliki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="கத்தோலிக்க மறுமலர்ச்சி – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கத்தோலிக்க மறுமலர்ச்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="การปฏิรูปคาทอลิก – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การปฏิรูปคาทอลิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontra-Reporma" title="Kontra-Reporma – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kontra-Reporma" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1_Reformasyon" title="Karşı Reformasyon – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karşı Reformasyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Контрреформація – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Контрреформація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_tr%C3%A0o_Ph%E1%BA%A3n_C%E1%BA%A3i_c%C3%A1ch" title="Phong trào Phản Cải cách – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phong trào Phản Cải cách" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontra-Repormasyon" title="Kontra-Repormasyon – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kontra-Repormasyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E8%AA%93%E5%8F%8D%E8%A3%82%E6%95%8E" title="反誓反裂敎 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="反誓反裂敎" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="反宗教改革 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="反宗教改革" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B9i-ho%C3%A1n_K%C3%A1i-kek" title="Tùi-hoán Kái-kek – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tùi-hoán Kái-kek" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q128168#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="改跨語言拎" class="wbc-editpage">改拎</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="空間名"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="睇吓內容頁[c]" accesskey="c"><span>文章</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="關於內容頁嘅討論 (無呢版)[t]" accesskey="t"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="改語言變體" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">粵語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="外觀"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9"><span>閱</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit" title="改呢版嘅代碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>改</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=history" title="呢一頁之前嘅修訂[h]" accesskey="h"><span>睇返紀錄</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="架撐" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">架撐</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" 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id="原因"><span id=".E5.8E.9F.E5.9B.A0"></span>原因</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯小節: 原因"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>天主教對宗教改革忌對應做法，因為立場毋同，所以亦都毋同忌名，有尐新教徒將天主教會忌反應叫做「反宗教改革」，天主教徒就將渠叫做「天主教忌改革」。爾兩種用法都反映咗某尐相關事件忌真相。1517年，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%B8%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7" title="馬丁路德">馬丁路德</a>向威登堡釘上渠忌九十五信條嗰時，義大利有心改革忌人向羅馬成立「聖愛會」(Oratory of Divine Love)，爾個團體由六十個天主教領袖組成，志在崇拜同彼此扶持。聖愛會延伸出其他組織同修會，發展都好蓬勃；天主教忌改革，動機係改革生命而毋系改革教義。嗰時最有影響力忌修會—<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E6%9C%83" title="耶穌會">耶穌會</a>。約莫一世紀之前，西班牙由<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E8%BF%AA%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="斐迪南二世">斐迪南二世</a>國王同<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%8E%E8%B2%9D%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="伊莎貝拉一世">伊莎貝拉一世</a>女王聯合當權，搞一種宗教覺醒忌改革，鼓勵方濟會會士<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%A7%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西麥內斯 (無呢版)">西麥內斯</a>樞機(Gonzalez, or Francisco, Ximenes de Cisneros)改革教會事務、資助學問研究，最值得注意忌結果：《康普路屯仙聖經》(Complatensian Polyglot, Alcala)向1522年，分別用希伯來文、希臘文、拉丁文出版。天主教能夠重新振興，由西班牙忌熱心改革教會開始。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="耶穌會"><span id=".E8.80.B6.E7.A9.8C.E6.9C.83"></span>耶穌會</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯小節: 耶穌會"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">内文：<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E6%9C%83" title="耶穌會">耶穌會</a></div> <p>領導天主教改革忌傑出人物<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E7%B4%8D%E7%88%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="依納爵">聖依納爵·羅耀拉</a>係<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E6%9C%83" title="耶穌會">耶穌會</a>忌創立人。渠係斐迪南同伊莎貝拉忌宮廷見習騎士，1521年法軍打<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%98%E6%99%AE%E6%B4%9B%E7%B4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="潘普洛納">潘普洛納</a>嗰時，堅守，傷得好重，而毋能夠再去打仗。向修養嗰時，讀有關基督忌書，受影響好深。之後成日得到異象，爾種經驗幫佢發展出一本手冊《神操》(Spiritual Exercises)。爾本書幫助、引導讀者默想、禱告、自省同認罪。 </p><p>書入邊忌設計要用四個禮拜做完：第一個禮拜專門講罪、第二個禮拜研討基督生平、第三個禮拜係基督受苦、第四個禮拜係復活同得勝，一切忌默想同指導，將爾四大主題當成主軸。最重要忌係幫信徒戰勝苦難，將自己全部獻畀天主。<a href="/wiki/1528%E5%B9%B4" title="1528年">1528年</a>來到巴黎大學，無撞到加爾文，反而結交咗六個<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E6%9C%83" title="耶穌會">耶穌會</a>忌核心拍檔。其中一個係<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E6%96%B9%E6%BF%9F%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E5%8B%BF%E7%95%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖方濟·沙勿略 (無呢版)">聖方濟·沙勿略</a>，渠等七個人向1534年8月15日創立<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E6%9C%83" title="耶穌會">耶穌會</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯小節: 參考"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2020813">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="書目"><span id=".E6.9B.B8.E7.9B.AE"></span>書目</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&section=4" title="編輯小節: 書目"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>郝伯爾《歷史的軌跡》，李林靜芝譯，校園書房出版社，台北，1986。</li> <li>黃孕祺《基督教史話》，香港教會書室有限公司，香港，1985。</li> <li>葛麥福《基督教神學原典精華》，楊長慧譯，校園書房出版社，台北，2003。</li> <li>沈介山《基督教會史大綱》，中華福音神學院出版社，台北，1986。</li> <li>唐納德‧特雷德戈德《基督教史》，孫慧民譯，桂冠圖書(股)，台北，1992。</li> <li>比爾‧奧斯丁《基督教發展史》，馬傑偉譯，種子出版社，香港，2002。</li> <li>陶理《基督教二千年史》，李伯明、林牧野譯，海天書樓出版，香港，1997。</li> <li>奧爾森《神學的故事》，吳瑞誠、徐成德譯，校園書房出版社，台北，2002。</li> <li>麥可‧柯林斯、馬修‧普瑞斯《基督教的故事》，謝青峰譯，台灣麥克股份有限公司，台北，2005。</li> <li>華爾克《基督教會史》，謝受靈、趙毅之譯，基督教文藝出版社，香港，2005。</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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