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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Artesian well</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A6%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بئر أرتوازية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بئر أرتوازية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artezian_suyu" title="Artezian suyu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Artezian suyu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AA" title="আর্টেসীয় কূপ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আর্টেসীয় কূপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Артэзіянскія воды – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Артэзіянскія воды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%81" title="पातालतोड़ कुआँ – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पातालतोड़ कुआँ" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Артезиански води – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Артезиански води" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pou_artesi%C3%A0" title="Pou artesià – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pou artesià" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%C3%A9sk%C3%A1_voda" title="Artéská voda – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Artéská voda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artesisk_br%C3%B8nd" title="Artesisk brønd – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Artesisk brønd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artesischer_Brunnen" title="Artesischer Brunnen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Artesischer Brunnen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteesia_kaev" title="Arteesia kaev – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arteesia kaev" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C_%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C" title="Αρτεσιανό νερό – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρτεσιανό νερό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozo_artesiano" title="Pozo artesiano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pozo artesiano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteza_puto" title="Arteza puto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arteza puto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putzu_artesiar" title="Putzu artesiar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Putzu artesiar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86" title="چاه آرتزین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چاه آرتزین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puits_art%C3%A9sien" title="Puits artésien – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Puits artésien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artezyske_boarne" title="Artezyske boarne – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Artezyske boarne" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imchuach_airt%C3%A9iseach" title="Imchuach airtéiseach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Imchuach airtéiseach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B3_%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE" title="પાતાળ કૂવા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પાતાળ કૂવા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%B6%84_%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%B8%B5" title="자분 대수층 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자분 대수층" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BB%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Արտեզյան ջրեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արտեզյան ջրեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82" title="आर्टेसियन कुएं – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आर्टेसियन कुएं" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte%C5%A1ki_bunar" title="Arteški bunar – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arteški bunar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artezo-puteo" title="Artezo-puteo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Artezo-puteo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akuifer_artesis" title="Akuifer artesis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Akuifer artesis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozzo_artesiano" title="Pozzo artesiano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pozzo artesiano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%96%D7%99%D7%AA" title="באר ארטזית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="באר ארטזית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuk_umbul" title="Tuk umbul – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tuk umbul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಚಿಲುಮೆ ಬಾವಿಗಳು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಚಿಲುಮೆ ಬಾವಿಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="არტეზიული წყლები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არტეზიული წყლები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Артезиан суы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Артезиан суы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwi_atezyen" title="Pwi atezyen – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Pwi atezyen" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Артезиан суулары – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Артезиан суулары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua_artesiana" title="Aqua artesiana – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aqua artesiana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%C4%93ziskie_%C5%ABde%C5%86i" title="Artēziskie ūdeņi – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Artēziskie ūdeņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artezinis_vanduo" title="Artezinis vanduo – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Artezinis vanduo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%C3%A9zi_forr%C3%A1s" title="Artézi forrás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Artézi forrás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%BC" title="ആർട്ടീസിയൻ കിണർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആർട്ടീസിയൻ കിണർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%81" title="Артезийн ус – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Артезийн ус" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artesische_bron" title="Artesische bron – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Artesische bron" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%99%B4" title="自噴 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="自噴" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artesisk_br%C3%B8nn" title="Artesisk brønn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Artesisk brønn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potz_artesian" title="Potz artesian – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Potz artesian" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artezian_suvlari" title="Artezian suvlari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Artezian suvlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wody_artezyjskie" title="Wody artezyjskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wody artezyjskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C3%A7o_artesiano" title="Poço artesiano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Poço artesiano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A2nt%C3%A2n%C4%83_artezian%C4%83" title="Fântână arteziană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fântână arteziană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Артезианские воды – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Артезианские воды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uj%C3%ABrat_arteziane" title="Ujërat arteziane – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ujërat arteziane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artesian_aquifer" title="Artesian aquifer – Simple English" lang="en-simple" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Confined aquifer containing groundwater under positive pressure</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the water source in Australia, see <a href="/wiki/Great_Artesian_Basin" title="Great Artesian Basin">Great Artesian Basin</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Artesian_aquifer_scheme.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Artesian_aquifer_scheme.svg/300px-Artesian_aquifer_scheme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Artesian_aquifer_scheme.svg/450px-Artesian_aquifer_scheme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Artesian_aquifer_scheme.svg/600px-Artesian_aquifer_scheme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="393" /></a><figcaption>Artesian aquifer scheme: <div><ol><li><a href="/wiki/Aquifer" title="Aquifer">Aquifer</a></li><li>Impervious strata</li><li>Infiltration area</li><li>Artesian well</li><li>Saturation level</li><li>Subartesian well</li><li>Artesian spring</li></ol></div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Artesian_Well.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Artesian_Well.svg/300px-Artesian_Well.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Artesian_Well.svg/450px-Artesian_Well.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Artesian_Well.svg/600px-Artesian_Well.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Geological <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">strata</a> giving rise to an artesian well</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Artesian_Well_(PSF).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Artesian_Well_%28PSF%29.png/300px-Artesian_Well_%28PSF%29.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Artesian_Well_%28PSF%29.png/450px-Artesian_Well_%28PSF%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Artesian_Well_%28PSF%29.png/600px-Artesian_Well_%28PSF%29.png 2x" data-file-width="904" data-file-height="734" /></a><figcaption>Schematic of an artesian well</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_091231-N-1572M-001_Seabees_tap_new_water_well.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/US_Navy_091231-N-1572M-001_Seabees_tap_new_water_well.jpg/170px-US_Navy_091231-N-1572M-001_Seabees_tap_new_water_well.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/US_Navy_091231-N-1572M-001_Seabees_tap_new_water_well.jpg/255px-US_Navy_091231-N-1572M-001_Seabees_tap_new_water_well.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/US_Navy_091231-N-1572M-001_Seabees_tap_new_water_well.jpg/340px-US_Navy_091231-N-1572M-001_Seabees_tap_new_water_well.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Navy <a href="/wiki/Seabee" title="Seabee">Seabees</a> tapping an artesian well in <a href="/wiki/Helmand_Province" title="Helmand Province">Helmand Province</a>, Afghanistan</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>artesian well</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Well" title="Well">well</a> that brings <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a> to the surface without pumping because it is under pressure within a body of rock or sediment known as an <a href="/wiki/Aquifer" title="Aquifer">aquifer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When trapped water in an aquifer is surrounded by layers of <a href="/wiki/Permeability_(earth_sciences)" class="mw-redirect" title="Permeability (earth sciences)">impermeable</a> rock or clay, which apply positive pressure to the water, it is known as an <b>artesian aquifer</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If a well were to be sunk into an artesian aquifer, water in the well-pipe would rise to a height corresponding to the point where <a href="/wiki/Hydrostatic_equilibrium" title="Hydrostatic equilibrium">hydrostatic equilibrium</a> is reached.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A well drilled into such an aquifer is called an <i>artesian well</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If water reaches the ground surface under the natural pressure of the aquifer, the well is termed a <i>flowing artesian well</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fossil_water" title="Fossil water">Fossil water</a> aquifers can also be artesian if they are under sufficient pressure from the surrounding rocks, similar to how many newly tapped <a href="/wiki/Oil_well" title="Oil well">oil wells</a> are pressurized. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Artesian_well_Virttaa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Artesian_well_Virttaa.JPG/220px-Artesian_well_Virttaa.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Artesian_well_Virttaa.JPG/330px-Artesian_well_Virttaa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Artesian_well_Virttaa.JPG/440px-Artesian_well_Virttaa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Artesian well near the Myllylähde spring in <a href="/wiki/Alastaro" title="Alastaro">Alastaro</a>, Finland</figcaption></figure> <p>Not all aquifers are artesian (i.e., water table aquifers occur where the groundwater level at the top of the aquifer is at equilibrium with atmospheric pressure). Aquifers recharge when the water table at its recharge zone is at a higher <a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">elevation</a> than the head of the well. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artesian_well&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first mechanically accurate explanation for artesian wells was given by <a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni">Al-Biruni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artesian wells were named after <a href="/wiki/Artois" title="Artois">Artois</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, where many artesian wells were drilled by <a href="/wiki/Carthusian" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian">Carthusian</a> monks from 1126.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artesian_well&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fluid_mechanics" title="Fluid mechanics">Fluid mechanics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Artesian_Basin" title="Great Artesian Basin">Great Artesian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogeology" title="Hydrogeology">Hydrogeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qanat" title="Qanat">Qanat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artesian_wells_in_the_United_States" title="List of artesian wells in the United States">List of artesian wells in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well#Drilled_wells" title="Well">Drilled wells</a> (for bore water mechanics)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artesian_well&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/artesian-water-and-artesian-wells?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects">"Artesian Water and Artesian Wells"</a>. <i>www.usgs.gov</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.usgs.gov&rft.atitle=Artesian+Water+and+Artesian+Wells&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fspecial-topic%2Fwater-science-school%2Fscience%2Fartesian-water-and-artesian-wells%3Fqt-science_center_objects%3D0%23qt-science_center_objects&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArtesian+well" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler,_H._W1980" class="citation cs2">Wheeler, H. W (1980), <i>Artesian bores of South Australia : an annotated photographic record, 1939-1948</i>, Pioneer Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-908065-06-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-908065-06-6"><bdi>978-0-908065-06-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Artesian+bores+of+South+Australia+%3A+an+annotated+photographic+record%2C+1939-1948&rft.pub=Pioneer+Books&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-908065-06-6&rft.au=Wheeler%2C+H.+W&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArtesian+well" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Water_Resources_Assistance_Program_(Australia)New_South_Wales._Department_of_Water_Resources._Technical_Services_DivisionAustralian_Water_Resources_Council._Interstate_Working_Group_on_the_Great_Artesian_Basin1990" class="citation cs2">Federal Water Resources Assistance Program (Australia); New South Wales. Department of Water Resources. Technical Services Division; Australian Water Resources Council. Interstate Working Group on the Great Artesian Basin (1990), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/6766983"><i>Specification for construction, reconditioning or plugging of bores tapping recognised aquifers of the Great Artesian Basin in New South Wales</i></a> (1st ed.), Dept. of Water Resources, Technical Services Division<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Specification+for+construction%2C+reconditioning+or+plugging+of+bores+tapping+recognised+aquifers+of+the+Great+Artesian+Basin+in+New+South+Wales&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Dept.+of+Water+Resources%2C+Technical+Services+Division&rft.date=1990&rft.au=Federal+Water+Resources+Assistance+Program+%28Australia%29&rft.au=New+South+Wales.+Department+of+Water+Resources.+Technical+Services+Division&rft.au=Australian+Water+Resources+Council.+Interstate+Working+Group+on+the+Great+Artesian+Basin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fwork%2F6766983&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArtesian+well" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davis and De Wiest, Hydrogeolagy, 1966, pp.9-10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Gies_and_Joseph_Gies" class="mw-redirect" title="Frances Gies and Joseph Gies">Frances Gies and Joseph Gies</a>, <i>Cathedral, Forge, and Waterwheel</i> subtitled "Technology and Invention in the Middle Ages". Harper Perennial, 1995 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-016590-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-016590-1">0-06-016590-1</a>, page 112.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artesian_well&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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