%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips(k) 5.991 Copyright 2011 Radical Eye Software %%Title: arXiv:1602.07250v1 [cs.IT] 23 Feb 2016 %%CreationDate: Thu Oct 8 19:34:23 2020 %%Pages: 4 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%DocumentFonts: Times-Roman Times-Italic Times-BoldItalic Times-Bold %%DocumentPaperSizes: Letter %%EndComments %DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com) %DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -R2 -P pk -z YigitCommLetter_ready.dvi -o %DVIPSParameters: dpi=600, compressed %DVIPSSource: TeX output 2020.10.08:1934 %%BeginProcSet: texc.pro 0 0 %! /TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S N}B/A{dup}B/TR{translate}N/isls false N/vsize 11 72 mul N/hsize 8.5 72 mul N/landplus90{false}def/@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1}ifelse 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale isls{ landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 div hsize mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul TR[ matrix currentmatrix{A A round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if}forall round exch round exch]setmatrix}N/@landscape{/isls true N}B/@manualfeed{ statusdict/manualfeed true put}B/@copies{/#copies X}B/FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0] N/FBB[0 0 0 0]N/nn 0 N/IEn 0 N/ctr 0 N/df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin /FontType 3 N/FontMatrix fntrx N/FontBBox FBB N string/base X array /BitMaps X/BuildChar{CharBuilder}N/Encoding IEn N end A{/foo setfont}2 array copy cvx N load 0 nn put/ctr 0 N[}B/sf 0 N/df{/sf 1 N/fntrx FMat N df-tail}B/dfs{div/sf X/fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0]N df-tail}B/E{pop nn A definefont setfont}B/Cw{Cd A length 5 sub get}B/Ch{Cd A length 4 sub get }B/Cx{128 Cd A length 3 sub get sub}B/Cy{Cd A length 2 sub get 127 sub} B/Cdx{Cd A length 1 sub get}B/Ci{Cd A type/stringtype ne{ctr get/ctr ctr 1 add N}if}B/id 0 N/rw 0 N/rc 0 N/gp 0 N/cp 0 N/G 0 N/CharBuilder{save 3 1 roll S A/base get 2 index get S/BitMaps get S get/Cd X pop/ctr 0 N Cdx 0 Cx Cy Ch sub Cx Cw add Cy setcachedevice Cw Ch true[1 0 0 -1 -.1 Cx sub Cy .1 sub]/id Ci N/rw Cw 7 add 8 idiv string N/rc 0 N/gp 0 N/cp 0 N{ rc 0 ne{rc 1 sub/rc X rw}{G}ifelse}imagemask restore}B/G{{id gp get/gp gp 1 add N A 18 mod S 18 idiv pl S get exec}loop}B/adv{cp add/cp X}B /chg{rw cp id gp 4 index getinterval putinterval A gp add/gp X adv}B/nd{ /cp 0 N rw exit}B/lsh{rw cp 2 copy get A 0 eq{pop 1}{A 255 eq{pop 254}{ A A add 255 and S 1 and or}ifelse}ifelse put 1 adv}B/rsh{rw cp 2 copy get A 0 eq{pop 128}{A 255 eq{pop 127}{A 2 idiv S 128 and or}ifelse} ifelse put 1 adv}B/clr{rw cp 2 index string putinterval adv}B/set{rw cp fillstr 0 4 index getinterval putinterval adv}B/fillstr 18 string 0 1 17 {2 copy 255 put pop}for N/pl[{adv 1 chg}{adv 1 chg nd}{1 add chg}{1 add chg nd}{adv lsh}{adv lsh nd}{adv rsh}{adv rsh nd}{1 add adv}{/rc X nd}{ 1 add set}{1 add clr}{adv 2 chg}{adv 2 chg nd}{pop nd}]A{bind pop} forall N/D{/cc X A type/stringtype ne{]}if nn/base get cc ctr put nn /BitMaps get S ctr S sf 1 ne{A A length 1 sub A 2 index S get sf div put }if put/ctr ctr 1 add N}B/I{cc 1 add D}B/bop{userdict/bop-hook known{ bop-hook}if/SI save N @rigin 0 0 moveto/V matrix currentmatrix A 1 get A mul exch 0 get A mul add .99 lt{/QV}{/RV}ifelse load def pop pop}N/eop{ SI restore userdict/eop-hook known{eop-hook}if showpage}N/@start{ userdict/start-hook known{start-hook}if pop/VResolution X/Resolution X 1000 div/DVImag X/IEn 256 array N 2 string 0 1 255{IEn S A 360 add 36 4 index cvrs cvn put}for pop 65781.76 div/vsize X 65781.76 div/hsize X}N /dir 0 def/dyy{/dir 0 def}B/dyt{/dir 1 def}B/dty{/dir 2 def}B/dtt{/dir 3 def}B/p{dir 2 eq{-90 rotate show 90 rotate}{dir 3 eq{-90 rotate show 90 rotate}{show}ifelse}ifelse}N/RMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N/BDot 260 string N/Rx 0 N/Ry 0 N/V{}B/RV/v{/Ry X/Rx X V}B statusdict begin/product where{pop false[(Display)(NeXT)(LaserWriter 16/600)]{A length product length le{A length product exch 0 exch getinterval eq{pop true exit}if}{pop}ifelse} forall}{false}ifelse end{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR 1 1 scale Rx Ry false RMat{ BDot}imagemask grestore}}{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR Rx Ry scale 1 1 false RMat {BDot}imagemask grestore}}ifelse B/QV{gsave newpath transform round exch round exch itransform moveto Rx 0 rlineto 0 Ry neg rlineto Rx neg 0 rlineto fill grestore}B/a{moveto}B/delta 0 N/tail{A/delta X 0 rmoveto}B /M{S p delta add tail}B/b{S p tail}B/c{-4 M}B/d{-3 M}B/e{-2 M}B/f{-1 M} B/g{0 M}B/h{1 M}B/i{2 M}B/j{3 M}B/k{4 M}B/w{0 rmoveto}B/l{p -4 w}B/m{p -3 w}B/n{p -2 w}B/o{p -1 w}B/q{p 1 w}B/r{p 2 w}B/s{p 3 w}B/t{p 4 w}B/x{ 0 S rmoveto}B/y{3 2 roll p a}B/bos{/SS save N}B/eos{SS restore}B end %%EndProcSet %%BeginProcSet: 8r.enc 0 0 % File 8r.enc TeX Base 1 Encoding Revision 2.0 2002-10-30 % % @@psencodingfile@{ % author = "S. 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85.04042 lineto 99.21382 58.57022 lineto pgfstr save [0.0 -1.0 1.0 0.0 99.21382 58.57022 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save 107.71799 19.92554 145.94467 -11.33878 pgfe pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 151.43176 13.89249 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -108 744 a gsave currentpoint currentpoint translate 90 neg rotate neg exch neg exch translate -108 744 a Ft(Demultiple)o(x)o(er)369 744 y currentpoint grestore moveto 369 744 a -164 744 a pgfr restore restore 123.96408 42.5202 moveto 144.8388 42.5202 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 144.8388 42.5202 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save restore save restore 166.2687 82.60431 moveto 180.44211 82.60431 lineto pgfstr save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 175.36041 74.59572 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a Fj(x)-117 756 y Fn(1)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore save restore save restore 166.2687 2.4361 moveto 180.44211 2.4361 lineto pgfstr save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 172.53783 -5.57248 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a Fj(x)-117 756 y Fk(N)-64 764 y Fi(t)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 180.44211 30.7829 moveto 181.57578 30.7829 moveto 181.57578 31.40901 181.06822 31.91658 180.44211 31.91658 curveto 179.816 31.91658 179.30844 31.40901 179.30844 30.7829 curveto 179.30844 30.1568 179.816 29.64923 180.44211 29.64923 curveto 181.06822 29.64923 181.57578 30.1568 181.57578 30.7829 curveto closepath 180.44211 30.7829 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 180.44211 42.12144 moveto 181.57578 42.12144 moveto 181.57578 42.74756 181.06822 43.25513 180.44211 43.25513 curveto 179.816 43.25513 179.30844 42.74756 179.30844 42.12144 curveto 179.30844 41.49535 179.816 40.98778 180.44211 40.98778 curveto 181.06822 40.98778 181.57578 41.49535 181.57578 42.12144 curveto closepath 180.44211 42.12144 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 180.44211 53.46042 moveto 181.57578 53.46042 moveto 181.57578 54.08653 181.06822 54.5941 180.44211 54.5941 curveto 179.816 54.5941 179.30844 54.08653 179.30844 53.46042 curveto 179.30844 52.83432 179.816 52.32675 180.44211 52.32675 curveto 181.06822 52.32675 181.57578 52.83432 181.57578 53.46042 curveto closepath 180.44211 53.46042 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 180.44211 64.79898 moveto 181.57578 64.79898 moveto 181.57578 65.4251 181.06822 65.93266 180.44211 65.93266 curveto 179.816 65.93266 179.30844 65.4251 179.30844 64.79898 curveto 179.30844 64.17288 179.816 63.66531 180.44211 63.66531 curveto 181.06822 63.66531 181.57578 64.17288 181.57578 64.79898 curveto closepath 180.44211 64.79898 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore 180.45311 91.1139 moveto 184.7054 98.4791 lineto 176.20084 98.4791 lineto closepath pgfstr 180.45311 82.60933 moveto 180.45311 98.4791 lineto pgfstr 180.45311 10.9408 moveto 184.7054 18.30598 lineto 176.20084 18.30598 lineto closepath pgfstr 180.45311 2.43623 moveto 180.45311 18.30598 lineto pgfstr save restore save restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 203.11964 30.7829 moveto 204.25331 30.7829 moveto 204.25331 31.40901 203.74576 31.91658 203.11964 31.91658 curveto 202.49353 31.91658 201.98598 31.40901 201.98598 30.7829 curveto 201.98598 30.1568 202.49353 29.64923 203.11964 29.64923 curveto 203.74576 29.64923 204.25331 30.1568 204.25331 30.7829 curveto closepath 203.11964 30.7829 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 203.11964 42.12144 moveto 204.25331 42.12144 moveto 204.25331 42.74756 203.74576 43.25513 203.11964 43.25513 curveto 202.49353 43.25513 201.98598 42.74756 201.98598 42.12144 curveto 201.98598 41.49535 202.49353 40.98778 203.11964 40.98778 curveto 203.74576 40.98778 204.25331 41.49535 204.25331 42.12144 curveto closepath 203.11964 42.12144 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 203.11964 53.46042 moveto 204.25331 53.46042 moveto 204.25331 54.08653 203.74576 54.5941 203.11964 54.5941 curveto 202.49353 54.5941 201.98598 54.08653 201.98598 53.46042 curveto 201.98598 52.83432 202.49353 52.32675 203.11964 52.32675 curveto 203.74576 52.32675 204.25331 52.83432 204.25331 53.46042 curveto closepath 203.11964 53.46042 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore save /pgffc{0 setgray}def 203.11964 64.79898 moveto 204.25331 64.79898 moveto 204.25331 65.4251 203.74576 65.93266 203.11964 65.93266 curveto 202.49353 65.93266 201.98598 65.4251 201.98598 64.79898 curveto 201.98598 64.17288 202.49353 63.66531 203.11964 63.66531 curveto 203.74576 63.66531 204.25331 64.17288 204.25331 64.79898 curveto closepath 203.11964 64.79898 moveto gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore 203.13203 91.1139 moveto 207.38432 98.4791 lineto 198.87975 98.4791 lineto closepath pgfstr 203.13203 82.60933 moveto 203.13203 98.4791 lineto pgfstr 203.13203 10.9408 moveto 207.38432 18.30598 lineto 198.87975 18.30598 lineto closepath pgfstr 203.13203 2.43623 moveto 203.13203 18.30598 lineto pgfstr save 227.65863 2.4361 moveto 227.65863 5.02983 225.55605 7.13242 222.96231 7.13242 curveto 220.36859 7.13242 218.266 5.02983 218.266 2.4361 curveto 218.266 -0.15762 220.36859 -2.26021 222.96231 -2.26021 curveto 225.55605 -2.26021 227.65863 -0.15762 227.65863 2.4361 curveto closepath 222.96231 2.4361 moveto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 222.96231 2.4361 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a pgfr restore restore 220.12747 2.4361 moveto 225.79716 2.4361 lineto pgfstr 222.96231 -0.39874 moveto 222.96231 5.27095 lineto pgfstr save 227.65863 82.60431 moveto 227.65863 85.19803 225.55605 87.30063 222.96231 87.30063 curveto 220.36859 87.30063 218.266 85.19803 218.266 82.60431 curveto 218.266 80.01057 220.36859 77.90799 222.96231 77.90799 curveto 225.55605 77.90799 227.65863 80.01057 227.65863 82.60431 curveto closepath 222.96231 82.60431 moveto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 222.96231 82.60431 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a pgfr restore restore 220.12747 82.60431 moveto 225.79716 82.60431 lineto pgfstr 222.96231 79.76945 moveto 222.96231 85.43915 lineto pgfstr 203.11964 2.4361 moveto 217.8675 2.4361 lineto pgfstr 203.11964 82.60431 moveto 217.8675 82.60431 lineto pgfstr save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 214.56044 20.80489 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a Fj(n)-114 756 y Fk(N)-61 764 y Fi(r)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore 222.96231 14.59515 moveto 222.96231 8.23828 lineto pgfstr save [0.0 -1.0 1.0 0.0 222.96231 8.23828 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 217.73761 100.47496 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a Fj(n)-114 756 y Fn(1)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore 222.96231 95.2615 moveto 222.96231 88.4065 lineto pgfstr save [0.0 -1.0 1.0 0.0 222.96231 88.4065 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save restore 228.05714 2.4361 moveto 240.94788 2.4361 lineto 240.94788 42.5202 lineto pgfstr save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 233.09372 -5.57248 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a Fj(y)-123 756 y Fk(N)-70 764 y Fi(r)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore 228.05714 82.60431 moveto 240.94788 82.60431 lineto 240.94788 42.5202 lineto pgfstr save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 236.27087 88.26056 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a Fj(y)-123 756 y Fn(1)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore save restore 240.94788 42.5202 moveto 255.12128 42.5202 lineto pgfstr save 29.8883 54.23262 264.8559 -14.94415 pgfe pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 268.17647 -9.23553 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -158 644 a Ft(Base)g(Layer)-164 744 y(Cancelation)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore save 29.8883 53.85878 265.04282 70.09625 pgfe pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 274.46782 75.73518 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -141 644 a Ft(MMSE)-164 744 y(Recei)n(v)o(er)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore 255.12128 42.5202 moveto 255.12128 0.0 lineto 263.75003 0.0 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 263.75003 0.0 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore 255.12128 42.5202 moveto 255.12128 85.0404 lineto 263.93695 85.0404 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 263.93695 85.0404 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save 29.8883 89.68799 332.16864 -14.94415 pgfe pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 335.48921 -8.29648 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -103 644 a Ft(LLR)g(Calculation)-164 744 y(\(ML\))f Fq(&)g Ft(Multiple)o(x)o(er)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore save 29.8883 87.8753 333.07498 70.09625 pgfe pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 342.89053 76.74393 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 644 a Ft(LLR)h(Calculation) -122 744 y Fq(&)g Ft(Multiple)o(x)o(er)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore 319.48703 0.0 moveto 331.06277 0.0 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 331.06277 0.0 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore 319.30011 85.0404 moveto 331.96912 85.0404 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 331.96912 85.0404 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save 29.8883 55.48831 434.30891 -14.94415 pgfe pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 437.62949 -8.29648 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 644 a Ft(Decoder)e(for)-149 744 y(Enh.)g(Layer)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore save 29.8883 55.48831 434.30891 70.09625 pgfe pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 437.62949 76.74393 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 644 a Ft(Decoder)g(for)-153 744 y(Base)j(Layer)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore 422.25514 0.0 moveto 433.20305 0.0 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 433.20305 0.0 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore 421.3488 85.0404 moveto 433.20305 85.0404 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 433.20305 85.0404 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 512.87326 0.0 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 497.78923 5.72282 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -160 743 a Fq(^)-164 744 y Fm(x)-114 756 y Fk(e)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 512.87326 85.0404 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -164 744 a pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 497.92744 90.76324 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray -160 743 a Fq(^)-164 744 y Fm(x)-114 756 y Fk(b)-164 744 y pgfr restore restore 490.19574 0.0 moveto 508.44682 0.0 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 508.44682 0.0 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore 490.19574 85.0404 moveto 508.44682 85.0404 lineto pgfstr save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 508.44682 85.0404 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore save restore save restore 493.03058 85.0404 moveto 493.03058 42.5202 lineto pgfstr 493.03058 42.5202 moveto 291.97221 42.5202 lineto 291.97221 16.05002 lineto pgfstr save [0.0 -1.0 1.0 0.0 291.97221 16.05002 ] concat save 0.6376 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin -1.55415 2.0722 moveto -1.42464 1.29512 0.0 0.1295 0.38852 0.0 curveto 0.0 -0.1295 -1.42464 -1.29512 -1.55415 -2.0722 curveto pgfstr restore restore restore newpath restore pgfc -192 1021 a Fu(Fig.)23 b(1.)56 1021 y SDict begin H.S end 56 1021 a 56 1021 a SDict begin H.R end 56 1021 a 56 1021 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (figure.1) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 56 1021 a Fu(System)h(structure)h(of)f(our)g(proposed)h(recei)n(v)o (er)l(.)p 0 TeXcolorgray -192 1304 a Ft(where)44 b Fm(x)23 b Fq(=)g([)p Fj(x)287 1316 y Fn(1)324 1304 y Fj(;)14 b(:::;)g(x)514 1316 y Fk(N)567 1324 y Fi(t)599 1304 y Fq(])622 1274 y FA(T)685 1304 y Fp(2)23 b Fl(C)817 1274 y Fk(N)870 1282 y Fi(t)903 1274 y Fo(\002)p Fn(1)1037 1304 y Ft(is)45 b(the)g(transmitted)e(signal)-192 1404 y(v)o(ector)50 b(with)i Fq(E[)p Fm(xx)446 1374 y FA(H)493 1404 y Fq(])66 b(=)f Fm(I)p Ft(,)52 b Fm(n)66 b Fp(2)g Fl(C)1115 1374 y Fk(N)1168 1382 y Fi(r)1207 1374 y Fo(\002)p Fn(1)1348 1404 y Ft(is)53 b(the)f(indepen-)-192 1503 y(dent)57 b(and)f(identically)g(distrib)n(uted,)g(zero-mean,)f(proper)h (addi-)-192 1603 y(ti)n(v)o(e)f(white)h(Gaussian)g(noise)f(v)o(ector)g (with)h(v)n(ariance)e Fj(N)1687 1615 y Fn(0)1780 1603 y Ft(and)-192 1703 y Fm(H)23 b Fq(=)f([)p Fm(h)69 1715 y Fn(1)107 1703 y Fj(;)14 b(:::;)g Fm(h)303 1715 y Fk(N)356 1723 y Fi(t)387 1703 y Fq(])23 b Fp(2)h Fl(C)566 1673 y Fk(N)619 1681 y Fi(r)658 1673 y Fo(\002)p Fk(N)763 1681 y Fi(t)827 1703 y Ft(is)33 b(the)g(channel)e(matrix)g(with)i(unit) -192 1802 y(v)n(ariance.)43 b(Each)h(column)g(v)o(ector)f(of)h Fm(H)h Ft(is)h(represented)d(by)h Fm(h)1854 1814 y Fh(i)1879 1802 y Ft(.)-192 1902 y(In)d(this)i(w)o(ork,)d(the)i(channel)f(matrix)g Fm(H)g Ft(is)i(perfectly)d(kno)n(wn)h(to)-192 2002 y(the)e(recei)n(v)o (er)f(and)h(\003at)h(Rayleigh)e(f)o(ading.)g(The)h(total)h(transmitted) -192 2101 y(ener)o(gy)21 b(is)j(set)g(to)g(unity)e(and)h(equally)f (shared)g(by)h(transmit)g(antennas,)-192 2201 y Fq(tr)-113 2134 y Fg(\000)-75 2201 y Fq(E[)p Fm(xx)105 2171 y FA(H)151 2201 y Fq(])174 2134 y Fg(\016)236 2201 y Fj(N)303 2213 y Fk(t)332 2201 y Fq(\))g(=)g(1)p Ft(.)h(The)g(transmitted)g(v)o(ector) f Fm(x)i Ft(can)g(be)f(written)-192 2300 y(as)37 b(the)f(sum)h(of)f (the)g(base)h(layer)e(v)o(ector)g(and)h(enhancement)e(layer)-192 2400 y(v)o(ector)m(,)k Fm(x)46 b Fq(=)e Fm(x)327 2412 y Fk(b)388 2400 y Fq(+)27 b Fm(x)530 2412 y Fk(e)566 2400 y Ft(.)40 b(The)g(recei)n(v)o(ed)f(signal)h(v)o(ector)f(in)h(\() 1735 2400 y SDict begin H.S end 1735 2400 a 0 TeXcolorgray Ft(1)p 0 TeXcolorgray 1776 2343 a SDict begin H.R end 1776 2343 a 1776 2400 a SDict begin [/Color [1 0 0]/H /I/Border [0 0 1]BorderArrayPatch/BS <</S/S/W 1>>/Subtype /Link/Dest (equation.2.1) cvn H.B /ANN pdfmark end 1776 2400 a Ft(\))h(is)-192 2500 y(re)n(written)28 b(as)289 2663 y Fm(y)c Fq(=)523 2607 y(1)p 461 2644 166 4 v 461 2660 a Fp(p)p 530 2660 96 4 v 64 x Fj(N)597 2736 y Fk(t)636 2663 y Fm(Hx)761 2675 y Fk(b)813 2663 y Fq(+)968 2607 y(1)p 906 2644 166 4 v 906 2660 a Fp(p)p 975 2660 96 4 v 64 x Fj(N)1042 2736 y Fk(t)1081 2663 y Fm(Hx)1206 2675 y Fk(e)1260 2663 y Fq(+)18 b Fm(n)p Fj(;)1803 2663 y SDict begin H.S end 1803 2663 a 1803 2663 a SDict begin 15 H.A end 1803 2663 a 1803 2663 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (equation.2.2) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 1803 2663 a Ft(\(2\))-192 2862 y(where)31 b Fm(x)93 2874 y Fk(b)156 2862 y Fq(=)e([)p Fj(x)320 2874 y Fk(b)349 2882 y Ff(1)386 2862 y Fj(;)14 b(:::;)g(x)576 2874 y Fk(b)605 2882 y Fi(N)650 2893 y(t)687 2862 y Fq(])710 2832 y FA(T)779 2862 y Fp(2)29 b Fl(C)917 2832 y Fk(N)970 2840 y Fi(t)1003 2832 y Fo(\002)p Fn(1)1125 2862 y Ft(is)k(the)f(transmitted)f(base)-192 2963 y(layer)39 b(v)o(ector)f(with)i(the)f(property)e Fq(E[)p Fm(x)1040 2975 y Fk(b)1073 2963 y Fm(x)1123 2975 y Fk(b)1157 2933 y FA(H)1203 2963 y Fq(])23 b(=)g Fj(E)1398 2975 y Fk(x)1436 2984 y Fi(b)1470 2963 y Fm(I)41 b Ft(and)d Fm(x)1756 2975 y Fk(e)1836 2963 y Fq(=)-192 3063 y([)p Fj(x)-122 3075 y Fk(e)-91 3083 y Ff(1)-53 3063 y Fj(;)14 b(:::;)g(x)137 3075 y Fk(e)168 3083 y Fi(N)213 3094 y(t)249 3063 y Fq(])272 3032 y FA(T)335 3063 y Fp(2)23 b Fl(C)467 3032 y Fk(N)520 3040 y Fi(t)553 3032 y Fo(\002)p Fn(1)667 3063 y Ft(is)i(the)f 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182.22763 -101.91002 lineto 182.22763 -103.90257 moveto 184.12268 -103.28682 lineto 182.22763 -103.90257 moveto 183.39882 -105.51459 lineto 182.22763 -103.90257 moveto 181.05644 -105.51459 lineto 182.22763 -103.90257 moveto 180.33258 -103.28682 lineto pgfstr 212.5989 -110.23712 moveto 212.5989 -108.24457 lineto 212.5989 -110.23712 moveto 214.49394 -109.62138 lineto 212.5989 -110.23712 moveto 213.7701 -111.84914 lineto 212.5989 -110.23712 moveto 211.4277 -111.84914 lineto 212.5989 -110.23712 moveto 210.70386 -109.62138 lineto pgfstr save 0 0.49804 0 setrgbcolor [ 2.98883 2.98883 ] 0.0 setdash 0.99628 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash pgfstr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 87.01054 -155.86595 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2593 1049 a Fk(E)2642 1058 y Fi(b)2672 1049 y Fk(=)l(N)2755 1057 y Ff(0)2808 1049 y FA(\(dB\))2593 1049 y pgfr restore restore save save [0.0 1.0 -1.0 0.0 -27.58763 -74.67256 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2593 1049 a FA(BER)2593 1049 y pgfr restore restore save /pgffc{1 setgray}def 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save [ ] 0.0 setdash 8.50412 0.0 moveto 8.50412 1.99255 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 10.39917 0.61574 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 9.67531 -1.61201 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 7.33293 -1.61201 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 6.60907 0.61574 lineto pgfstr restore restore restore pgfc 2741 963 a 2741 963 a 2741 963 a pgfo save save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.1918 -1.6743 ] concat pgfs /pgfsc{}def/pgffc{}def 0 setgray 2741 963 a FA(Base,)f(16-HQAM,)h Fk(d)p FA(=8)2741 963 y pgfr restore restore restore pgfc 2597 1049 a 2597 1049 a 2597 1049 a pgfo save save /pgfsc{}def/pgffc{}def 0 0.49804 0 setrgbcolor [ 2.98883 2.98883 ] 0.0 setdash 0.99628 pgfw 0.0 0.0 moveto 8.50412 0.0 lineto 17.00826 0.0 lineto pgfstr save [ ] 0.0 setdash 8.50412 0.0 moveto 8.50412 1.99255 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 10.39917 0.61574 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 9.67531 -1.61201 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 7.33293 -1.61201 lineto 8.50412 0.0 moveto 6.60907 0.61574 lineto pgfstr restore restore restore pgfc 2741 1049 a 2741 1049 a 2741 1049 a pgfo save save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.1918 -1.6743 ] concat pgfs /pgfsc{}def/pgffc{}def 0 setgray 2741 1049 a FA(Enh.,)f(16-HQAM,)h Fk(d)p FA(=8)2741 1049 y pgfr restore restore restore pgfc 2593 1049 a pgfr restore restore restore newpath restore pgfc 2296 2390 a pgfr restore save restore restore newpath restore pgfc 2000 2749 a Fu(Fig.)28 b(2.)2267 2749 y SDict begin H.S end 2267 2749 a 2267 2749 a SDict begin H.R end 2267 2749 a 2267 2749 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (figure.2) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 2267 2749 a Fu(BER)g(for)h(uncoded)h(\226)e (block)i(f)o(ading)g(channel)h(model)e(is)f(not)h(utilized)j(\226)2000 2823 y Fd(2)16 b Fc(\002)f Fd(2)24 b Fu(MIMO)f(system,)h(where)g(ML)f (recei)n(v)o(ers)j(operate)g(in)e(both)g(layers.)p 0 TeXcolorgray 2000 3191 a Ft(base)g(layer)g(detection.)f(After)h(base)h (layer)f(detection,)f(the)h(base)h(layer)2000 3291 y(ideally)i(has)h (no)f(interference)e(in\003uencing)h(the)i(enhancement)d(layer)2000 3390 y(so)f(that)f(enhancement)f(layer)h(can)g(be)h(smoothly)e (detected)h(with)h(ML.)2000 3777 y SDict begin H.S end 2000 3777 a 2000 3777 a SDict begin 12 H.A end 2000 3777 a 2000 3777 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (subsection.3.2) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 2000 3777 a 113 x Fr(B.)41 b(Why)28 b(Bloc)n(k)h(F)-6 b(ading)26 b(Channel?)2083 4127 y Ft(Under)33 b(a)i(spatial)g(multiple)o(xing)d(transmitter)h (structure,)g(MMSE)2000 4226 y(recei)n(v)o(er)26 b(al)o(w)o(ays)j(has)f (di)n(v)o(ersity)f Fj(N)3072 4238 y Fk(r)3126 4226 y Fp(\000)17 b Fj(N)3275 4238 y Fk(t)3321 4226 y Fq(+)h(1)28 b Ft([)3502 4227 y SDict begin H.S end 3502 4227 a 0 TeXcolorgray -1 x Ft(7)p 0 TeXcolorgray 3543 4171 a SDict begin H.R end 3543 4171 a 3543 4226 a SDict begin [/Color [0 1 0]/H /I/Border [0 0 1]BorderArrayPatch/BS <</S/S/W 1>>/Subtype /Link/Dest (cite.hedayat) cvn H.B /ANN pdfmark end 3543 4226 a Ft(],)g(so)g(that)g(spatial)2000 4326 y(di)n(v)o(ersity)40 b(is)j(not)e(obtained)f(for)h(the)g(case)h Fj(N)3437 4338 y Fk(t)3513 4326 y Fq(=)47 b Fj(N)3692 4338 y Fk(r)3729 4326 y Ft(,)42 b(which)f(is)2000 4426 y(our)i(focus)g(here.)g(Di)n(v)o (ersity)g(of)h(MMSE)g(recei)n(v)o(er)e(is)j(limited)e(to)2000 4525 y(unity)20 b(unless)g(another)f(di)n(v)o(ersity)h(domain)f(\(e.g.) h(frequenc)o(y)d(di)n(v)o(ersity)-5 b(,)2000 4625 y(time)43 b(di)n(v)o(ersity\))f(is)j(present)e(in)g(the)h(system.)f(W)m(ith)h (the)g(help)f(of)2000 4725 y(multiple)28 b(independently)e(f)o(ading)i (blocks,)g(some)g(le)n(v)o(el)h(of)g(di)n(v)o(ersity)2000 4824 y(can)43 b(be)f(attained)h(along)f(with)h(coding.)e(Hence,)h(a)i (block)e(f)o(ading)2000 4924 y(channel)g(model)h([)2582 4925 y SDict begin H.S end 2582 4925 a 0 TeXcolorgray -1 x Ft(8)p 0 TeXcolorgray 2623 4867 a SDict begin H.R end 2623 4867 a 2623 4924 a SDict begin [/Color [0 1 0]/H /I/Border [0 0 1]BorderArrayPatch/BS <</S/S/W 1>>/Subtype /Link/Dest (cite.knopp) cvn H.B /ANN pdfmark end 2623 4924 a Ft(])h(is)g(utilized)f (to)h(achie)n(v)o(e)e(di)n(v)o(ersity)h(with)h(an)2000 5023 y(MMSE)37 b(recei)n(v)o(er)f(in)i(this)g(w)o(ork.)e(A)i(single)f (frame)g(is)h(partitioned)2000 5123 y(into)22 b Fj(F)35 b Ft(blocks)21 b(that)h(are)h(transmitted)e(o)o(v)o(er)g(dif)n(ferent)g (independently)2000 5223 y(f)o(ading)43 b(carrier)g(frequencies,)f (therefore,)g(frequenc)o(y)f(di)n(v)o(ersity)i(is)2000 5322 y(obtained.)36 b(Channels)i(are)g(constant)f(within)h(a)h(block)e (and)h(change)2000 5422 y(independently)d(between)i(blocks,)g(which)h (is)h(a)f(v)n(alid)g(assumption)2000 5522 y(for)c(v)n(arious)f (communication)f(systems,)j(such)f(as)h(slo)n(w)g(frequenc)o(y)2000 5621 y(hopping)26 b(systems,)j(multi-carrier)d(schemes,)i(etc.)p 0 TeXcolorgray 0 TeXcolorgray eop end end %%Page: 3 3 TeXDict begin HPSdict begin 3 2 bop 0 TeXcolorgray 0 0 a SDict begin /product where{pop product(Distiller)search{pop pop pop version(.)search{exch pop exch pop(3011)eq{gsave newpath 0 0 moveto closepath clip/Courier findfont 10 scalefont setfont 72 72 moveto(.)show grestore}if}{pop}ifelse}{pop}ifelse}if end 0 0 a -200 -415 a SDict begin H.S end -200 -415 a -200 -415 a SDict begin H.R end -200 -415 a -200 -415 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (page.3) cvn /DEST pdfmark end -200 -415 a 0 TeXcolorgray -192 -307 a FA(SUBMITTED)19 b(T)o(O)h(IEEE)f(COMMUNICA)-6 b(TIONS)19 b(LETTERS)2855 b(3)p 0 TeXcolorgray -192 -157 a SDict begin H.S end -192 -157 a -192 -157 a SDict begin 12 H.A end -192 -157 a -192 -157 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (subsection.3.3) cvn /DEST pdfmark end -192 -157 a 99 x Fr(C.)42 b(Lo)o(g)28 b(Lik)o(elihood)f(Ratio)h(Computation)-109 71 y Ft(The)j(MMSE)h(equalization)e(\002lter)h(is)i(found)d(by)h (minimizing)f(the)-192 170 y(mean)e(square)g(error)f(as)165 385 y Fm(W)265 350 y FA(H)334 385 y Fq(=)448 329 y Fj(E)509 341 y Fk(x)547 350 y Fi(b)p 432 366 166 4 v 432 382 a Fp(p)p 501 382 96 4 v 64 x Fj(N)568 458 y Fk(t)607 385 y Fm(H)682 350 y FA(H)742 268 y Fg(\022)840 329 y Fq(1)p 813 366 V 813 442 a Fj(N)880 454 y Fk(t)919 385 y Fm(HH)1069 350 y FA(H)1133 385 y Fq(+)18 b Fj(N)1283 397 y Fn(0)1320 385 y Fm(I)1356 268 y Fg(\023)1417 285 y Fo(\000)p Fn(1)1520 385 y Fj(;)1803 385 y SDict begin H.S end 1803 385 a 1803 385 a SDict begin 15 H.A end 1803 385 a 1803 385 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (equation.3.3) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 1803 385 a Ft(\(3\))-192 579 y(and)28 b(the)g(Hermitian)g (transpose)f(of)h(the)h(MMSE)f(\002lter)h(is)g(written)f(as)473 738 y Fm(W)c Fq(=)f([)p Fm(g)755 750 y Fn(1)792 738 y Fj(;)14 b Fm(g)877 750 y Fn(2)914 738 y Fj(;)g(:::;)g Fm(g)1105 750 y Fk(N)1158 758 y Fi(t)1189 738 y Fq(])p Fj(;)1803 738 y SDict begin H.S end 1803 738 a 1803 738 a SDict begin 15 H.A end 1803 738 a 1803 738 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (equation.3.4) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 1803 738 a Ft(\(4\))-192 897 y(where)25 b Fm(g)85 909 y Fk(i)139 897 y Ft(is)h(the)g(\002lter)g(v)o(ector)e(which)h (produces)f(the)i Fj(i)p Ft(-th)f(output)f(of)-192 997 y(the)29 b(MMSE)f(\002lter)-5 b(.)29 b(The)f(\002lter)h(v)o(ector)e(is) j(represented)d(as)221 1211 y Fm(g)269 1223 y Fk(i)319 1211 y Fq(=)432 1155 y Fj(E)493 1167 y Fk(x)531 1176 y Fi(b)p 417 1192 166 4 v 417 1208 a Fp(p)p 486 1208 96 4 v 65 x Fj(N)553 1285 y Fk(t)606 1094 y Fg(\022)704 1155 y Fq(1)p 677 1192 V 677 1268 a Fj(N)744 1280 y Fk(t)783 1211 y Fm(HH)933 1177 y FA(H)997 1211 y Fq(+)18 b Fj(N)1147 1223 y Fn(0)1184 1211 y Fm(I)1220 1094 y Fg(\023)1281 1111 y Fo(\000)p Fn(1)1384 1211 y Fm(h)1437 1223 y Fk(i)1464 1211 y Fj(:)1803 1211 y SDict begin H.S end 1803 1211 a 1803 1211 a SDict begin 15 H.A end 1803 1211 a 1803 1211 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (equation.3.5) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 1803 1211 a Ft(\(5\))-192 1406 y(P)o(assing)29 b(the)f(recei)n(v)o(ed)f(v)o(ector)g(through)g(the)h(\002lter)h(v)o (ectors)f(yields)419 1564 y Fj(z)458 1576 y Fk(b)491 1581 y(i)541 1564 y Fq(=)23 b Fm(g)677 1576 y Fk(i)704 1530 y FA(H)751 1564 y Fm(y)h Fq(=)f Fj(\014)960 1576 y Fk(i)988 1564 y Fj(x)1035 1576 y Fk(b)1068 1581 y(i)1114 1564 y Fq(+)18 b Fj(\021)1238 1576 y Fk(i)1266 1564 y Fj(;)1803 1564 y SDict begin H.S end 1803 1564 a 1803 1564 a SDict begin 15 H.A end 1803 1564 a 1803 1564 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (equation.3.6) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 1803 1564 a Ft(\(6\))-192 1724 y(where)34 b Fj(\014)93 1736 y Fk(i)156 1724 y Fq(=)316 1691 y Fn(1)p 265 1705 135 4 v 265 1713 a Fo(p)p 320 1713 81 3 v 46 x Fk(N)373 1767 y Fi(t)410 1724 y Fm(g)458 1736 y Fk(i)485 1693 y FA(H)531 1724 y Fm(h)584 1736 y Fk(i)647 1724 y Ft(and)h Fj(\021)844 1736 y Fk(i)907 1724 y Ft(is)h(the)f (interference-plus-noise)-192 1825 y(term)d(modeled)e(as)i(a)h(comple)o (x)d(Gaussian)h(random)f(v)n(ariable)h(gi)n(v)o(en)-192 1925 y(by)4 2114 y Fj(\021)45 2126 y Fk(i)96 2114 y Fq(=)255 2058 y(1)p 193 2095 166 4 v 193 2112 a Fp(p)p 263 2112 96 4 v 263 2176 a Fj(N)330 2188 y Fk(t)368 2114 y Fm(g)416 2126 y Fk(i)444 2080 y FA(H)490 2114 y Fm(h)543 2126 y Fk(i)571 2114 y Fj(x)618 2126 y Fk(e)654 2131 y(i)700 2114 y Fq(+)783 2035 y Fg(X)787 2214 y Fk(k)q Fo(6)p Fn(=)p Fk(i)988 2058 y Fq(1)p 927 2095 166 4 v 927 2112 a Fp(p)p 996 2112 96 4 v 64 x Fj(N)1063 2188 y Fk(t)1102 2114 y Fm(g)1150 2126 y Fk(i)1177 2080 y FA(H)1223 2114 y Fm(h)1276 2126 y Fk(k)1317 2114 y Fj(x)1364 2126 y Fk(k)1424 2114 y Fq(+)18 b Fm(g)1555 2126 y Fk(i)1582 2080 y FA(H)1628 2114 y Fm(n)p Fj(:)1803 2114 y SDict begin H.S end 1803 2114 a 1803 2114 a SDict begin 15 H.A end 1803 2114 a 1803 2114 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (equation.3.7) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 1803 2114 a Ft(\(7\))-192 2349 y(At)39 b(the)f Fj(i)p Ft(-th)g(MMSE)g(recei)n(v)o (er)f(output,)g(the)h(log)g(lik)o(elihood)f(ratio)-192 2449 y(\(LLR\))28 b(corresponding)d(the)k Fj(j)5 b Ft(-th)28 b(base)h(layer)f(bit)g(is)i(calculated)d(as)115 2651 y Fq(\003)173 2608 y Fn(\()p Fk(j;i)p Fn(\))173 2676 y Fk(b)322 2651 y Fq(=)c(ln)503 2595 y(Pr)o(\()p Fj(b)660 2565 y Fk(j)718 2595 y Fq(=)f(1)p Fp(j)p Fj(z)909 2607 y Fk(b)938 2615 y Fi(i)968 2595 y Fj(;)14 b(\014)1052 2607 y Fk(i)1079 2595 y Fj(;)g(\021)1157 2607 y Fk(i)1185 2595 y Fq(\))p 503 2632 715 4 v 503 2708 a(Pr)o(\()p Fj(b)660 2684 y Fk(j)718 2708 y Fq(=)22 b(0)p Fp(j)p Fj(z)909 2720 y Fk(b)938 2728 y Fi(i)968 2708 y Fj(;)14 b(\014)1052 2720 y Fk(i)1079 2708 y Fj(;)g(\021)1157 2720 y Fk(i)1185 2708 y Fq(\))322 2893 y(=)23 b(ln)503 2753 y Fg(P)594 2843 y Fn(~)-37 b Fk(x)628 2852 y Fi(b)658 2843 y Fo(2)p Fk(B)756 2815 y Fi(j)753 2861 y Ff(1)805 2816 y Fq(Pr)o(\()p Fj(z)965 2828 y Fk(b)994 2836 y Fi(i)1048 2816 y Fp(j)28 b Fq(~)-47 b Fj(x)1141 2828 y Fk(b)1175 2816 y Fj(;)14 b(\014)1259 2828 y Fk(i)1286 2816 y Fj(;)g(\021)1364 2828 y Fk(i)1392 2816 y Fq(\))p 503 2874 922 4 v 503 2888 a Fg(P)594 2978 y Fn(~)-37 b Fk(x)628 2987 y Fi(b)658 2978 y Fo(2)p Fk(B)756 2950 y Fi(j)753 2996 y Ff(0)805 2950 y Fq(Pr)o(\()p Fj(z)965 2962 y Fk(b)994 2970 y Fi(i)1048 2950 y Fp(j)28 b Fq(~)-47 b Fj(x)1141 2962 y Fk(b)1175 2950 y Fj(;)14 b(\014)1259 2962 y Fk(i)1286 2950 y Fj(;)g(\021)1364 2962 y Fk(i)1392 2950 y Fq(\))322 3202 y(=)23 b(ln)503 3054 y Fg(P)594 3143 y Fn(~)-37 b Fk(x)628 3152 y Fi(b)658 3143 y Fo(2)p Fk(B)756 3115 y Fi(j)753 3161 y Ff(1)805 3116 y Fq(exp)946 3024 y Fg(\020)995 3116 y Fp(\000)1070 3076 y Fo(j)p Fk(\014)1128 3084 y Fi(i)1153 3076 y Fn(\()p Fk(x)1217 3085 y Fi(b)1247 3089 y(i)1274 3076 y Fo(\000)t Fn(~)g Fk(x)1364 3085 y Fi(b)1394 3076 y Fn(\))p Fo(j)1439 3051 y Ff(2)p 1070 3097 403 4 v 1205 3145 a Fk(\033)1243 3153 y Fi(\021)1274 3166 y(i)1305 3128 y Ff(2)1482 3024 y Fg(\021)p 503 3183 1029 4 v 503 3227 a(P)594 3316 y Fn(~)g Fk(x)628 3325 y Fi(b)658 3316 y Fo(2)p Fk(B)756 3288 y Fi(j)753 3334 y Ff(0)805 3289 y Fq(exp)946 3197 y Fg(\020)995 3289 y Fp(\000)1070 3249 y Fo(j)p Fk(\014)1128 3257 y Fi(i)1153 3249 y Fn(\()p Fk(x)1217 3258 y Fi(b)1247 3262 y(i)1274 3249 y Fo(\000)t Fn(~)g Fk(x)1364 3258 y Fi(b)1394 3249 y Fn(\))p Fo(j)1439 3225 y Ff(2)p 1070 3270 403 4 v 1205 3317 a Fk(\033)1243 3325 y Fi(\021)1274 3338 y(i)1305 3301 y Ff(2)1482 3197 y Fg(\021)1570 3202 y Fj(;)1803 3202 y SDict begin H.S end 1803 3202 a 1803 3202 a SDict begin 15 H.A end 1803 3202 a 1803 3202 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (equation.3.8) cvn /DEST pdfmark end 1803 3202 a Ft(\(8\))-192 3480 y(where)48 b Fj(B)127 3440 y Fk(j)123 3502 y Fn(1)211 3480 y Ft(and)f Fj(B)446 3440 y Fk(j)442 3502 y Fn(0)530 3480 y Ft(are)h(the)h(the)f (subsets)h(of)f(the)g(base)g(layer)-192 3580 y(constellation)22 b(points)g(with)h Fj(j)5 b Ft(-th)22 b(bit)h(equal)f(to)h Fq(1)g Ft(and)f Fq(0)p Ft(,)g(respecti)n(v)o(ely)-192 3680 y([)-164 3682 y SDict begin H.S end -164 3682 a 0 TeXcolorgray -2 x Ft(9)p 0 TeXcolorgray -123 3623 a SDict begin H.R end -123 3623 a -123 3680 a SDict begin [/Color [0 1 0]/H /I/Border [0 0 1]BorderArrayPatch/BS <</S/S/W 1>>/Subtype /Link/Dest (cite.kim) cvn H.B /ANN pdfmark end -123 3680 a Ft(].)28 b(After)f(LLRs)i(for)e(the)g(base)h(layer)f(are) h(determined)e(and)h(passed)-192 3779 y(into)32 b(the)h(base)g(layer)f (decoder)m(,)e(hard)i(decisions)g(are)h(made)f(for)g(the)-192 3879 y(base)d(layer)g(symbols)g(and)g(then)f(cancellation)g(of)h(the)h (base)f(layer)g(is)-192 3978 y(performed.)34 b(Finally)k(LLRs)g(based)e (on)h(the)h(ML)f(recei)n(v)o(er)f(for)h(the)-192 4078 y(enhancement)31 b(layer)h(are)h(calculated)f([)1012 4079 y SDict begin H.S end 1012 4079 a 0 TeXcolorgray -1 x Ft(10)p 0 TeXcolorgray 1095 4021 a SDict begin H.R end 1095 4021 a 1095 4078 a SDict begin [/Color [0 1 0]/H /I/Border [0 0 1]BorderArrayPatch/BS <</S/S/W 1>>/Subtype /Link/Dest (cite.butler) cvn H.B /ANN pdfmark end 1095 4078 a Ft(])h(and)f(then)h(gi) n(v)o(en)f(to)h(the)-192 4178 y(decoder)-5 b(.)-192 4296 y SDict begin H.S end -192 4296 a -192 4296 a SDict begin 12 H.A end -192 4296 a -192 4296 a SDict begin [/View [/XYZ H.V]/Dest (section.4) cvn /DEST pdfmark end -192 4296 a 94 4395 a Ft(I)t(V)e(.)46 b(E)t Fu(R)t(R)q(O)t(R)26 b Ft(R)t Fu(A)m(T)t(E)e Ft(P)t Fu(E)t(R)t(F)t(O)t(R)t(M)t(A)t(N)t(C)t (E)i Ft(R)t 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concat pgfs 0 setgray 2002 -313 a Fn(14)2002 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 279.49574 -159.67 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2002 -313 a Fn(16)2002 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 50.1195 -154.81961 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2002 -313 a Fn(10)2068 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(5)2002 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 50.1195 -124.48843 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2002 -313 a Fn(10)2068 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(4)2002 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 50.1195 -94.15726 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2002 -313 a Fn(10)2068 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(3)2002 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 50.1195 -63.82608 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2002 -313 a Fn(10)2068 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(2)2002 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 50.1195 -33.4949 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 2002 -313 a Fn(10)2068 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(1)2002 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 55.51605 -3.10837 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 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-87.24094 moveto 297.63953 -87.24094 lineto 85.03986 -84.23877 moveto 297.63953 -84.23877 lineto 85.03986 -81.70067 moveto 297.63953 -81.70067 lineto 85.03986 -79.502 moveto 297.63953 -79.502 lineto 85.03986 -77.56259 moveto 297.63953 -77.56259 lineto 85.03986 -75.82773 moveto 297.63953 -75.82773 lineto 85.03986 -64.41454 moveto 297.63953 -64.41454 lineto 85.03986 -57.73811 moveto 297.63953 -57.73811 lineto 85.03986 -53.00133 moveto 297.63953 -53.00133 lineto 85.03986 -49.32707 moveto 297.63953 -49.32707 lineto 85.03986 -46.3249 moveto 297.63953 -46.3249 lineto 85.03986 -43.78679 moveto 297.63953 -43.78679 lineto 85.03986 -41.58812 moveto 297.63953 -41.58812 lineto 85.03986 -39.64873 moveto 297.63953 -39.64873 lineto 85.03986 -37.91386 moveto 297.63953 -37.91386 lineto 85.03986 -26.50066 moveto 297.63953 -26.50066 lineto 85.03986 -19.82423 moveto 297.63953 -19.82423 lineto 85.03986 -15.08743 moveto 297.63953 -15.08743 lineto 85.03986 -11.4132 moveto 297.63953 -11.4132 lineto 85.03986 -8.41103 moveto 297.63953 -8.41103 lineto 85.03986 -5.87291 moveto 297.63953 -5.87291 lineto 85.03986 -3.67424 moveto 297.63953 -3.67424 lineto 85.03986 -1.73486 moveto 297.63953 -1.73486 lineto 85.03986 0.0 moveto 297.63953 0.0 lineto pgfstr 0 TeXcolorgray restore save 0.3985 pgfw 0.75 TeXcolorgray 85.03986 -151.65547 moveto 297.63953 -151.65547 lineto 85.03986 -113.74161 moveto 297.63953 -113.74161 lineto 85.03986 -75.82773 moveto 297.63953 -75.82773 lineto 85.03986 -37.91386 moveto 297.63953 -37.91386 lineto 85.03986 0.0 moveto 297.63953 0.0 lineto pgfstr 0 TeXcolorgray restore restore save 85.03986 -293.37839 moveto 297.63953 -293.37839 lineto 297.63953 141.72289 lineto 85.03986 141.72289 lineto clip newpath save 0.19925 pgfw 0.5 TeXcolorgray 85.03986 -151.65547 moveto 85.03986 -147.4041 lineto 85.03986 0.0 moveto 85.03986 -4.25136 lineto 106.29982 -151.65547 moveto 106.29982 -147.4041 lineto 106.29982 0.0 moveto 106.29982 -4.25136 lineto 127.5598 -151.65547 moveto 127.5598 -147.4041 lineto 127.5598 0.0 moveto 127.5598 -4.25136 lineto 148.81976 -151.65547 moveto 148.81976 -147.4041 lineto 148.81976 0.0 moveto 148.81976 -4.25136 lineto 170.07973 -151.65547 moveto 170.07973 -147.4041 lineto 170.07973 0.0 moveto 170.07973 -4.25136 lineto 191.33969 -151.65547 moveto 191.33969 -147.4041 lineto 191.33969 0.0 moveto 191.33969 -4.25136 lineto 212.59966 -151.65547 moveto 212.59966 -147.4041 lineto 212.59966 0.0 moveto 212.59966 -4.25136 lineto 233.85963 -151.65547 moveto 233.85963 -147.4041 lineto 233.85963 0.0 moveto 233.85963 -4.25136 lineto 255.1196 -151.65547 moveto 255.1196 -147.4041 lineto 255.1196 0.0 moveto 255.1196 -4.25136 lineto 276.37956 -151.65547 moveto 276.37956 -147.4041 lineto 276.37956 0.0 moveto 276.37956 -4.25136 lineto 297.63953 -151.65547 moveto 297.63953 -147.4041 lineto 297.63953 0.0 moveto 297.63953 -4.25136 lineto pgfstr 0 TeXcolorgray restore restore save -56.72078 -151.65547 moveto -56.72078 0.0 lineto 439.40018 0.0 lineto 439.40018 -151.65547 lineto clip newpath save 0.19925 pgfw 0.5 TeXcolorgray 85.03986 -151.65547 moveto 87.87521 -151.65547 lineto 297.63953 -151.65547 moveto 294.80415 -151.65547 lineto 85.03986 -140.24228 moveto 87.87521 -140.24228 lineto 297.63953 -140.24228 moveto 294.80415 -140.24228 lineto 85.03986 -133.56586 moveto 87.87521 -133.56586 lineto 297.63953 -133.56586 moveto 294.80415 -133.56586 lineto 85.03986 -128.82907 moveto 87.87521 -128.82907 lineto 297.63953 -128.82907 moveto 294.80415 -128.82907 lineto 85.03986 -125.15482 moveto 87.87521 -125.15482 lineto 297.63953 -125.15482 moveto 294.80415 -125.15482 lineto 85.03986 -122.15265 moveto 87.87521 -122.15265 lineto 297.63953 -122.15265 moveto 294.80415 -122.15265 lineto 85.03986 -119.61453 moveto 87.87521 -119.61453 lineto 297.63953 -119.61453 moveto 294.80415 -119.61453 lineto 85.03986 -117.41586 moveto 87.87521 -117.41586 lineto 297.63953 -117.41586 moveto 294.80415 -117.41586 lineto 85.03986 -115.47647 moveto 87.87521 -115.47647 lineto 297.63953 -115.47647 moveto 294.80415 -115.47647 lineto 85.03986 -113.74161 moveto 87.87521 -113.74161 lineto 297.63953 -113.74161 moveto 294.80415 -113.74161 lineto 85.03986 -102.3284 moveto 87.87521 -102.3284 lineto 297.63953 -102.3284 moveto 294.80415 -102.3284 lineto 85.03986 -95.65198 moveto 87.87521 -95.65198 lineto 297.63953 -95.65198 moveto 294.80415 -95.65198 lineto 85.03986 -90.91519 moveto 87.87521 -90.91519 lineto 297.63953 -90.91519 moveto 294.80415 -90.91519 lineto 85.03986 -87.24094 moveto 87.87521 -87.24094 lineto 297.63953 -87.24094 moveto 294.80415 -87.24094 lineto 85.03986 -84.23877 moveto 87.87521 -84.23877 lineto 297.63953 -84.23877 moveto 294.80415 -84.23877 lineto 85.03986 -81.70067 moveto 87.87521 -81.70067 lineto 297.63953 -81.70067 moveto 294.80415 -81.70067 lineto 85.03986 -79.502 moveto 87.87521 -79.502 lineto 297.63953 -79.502 moveto 294.80415 -79.502 lineto 85.03986 -77.56259 moveto 87.87521 -77.56259 lineto 297.63953 -77.56259 moveto 294.80415 -77.56259 lineto 85.03986 -75.82773 moveto 87.87521 -75.82773 lineto 297.63953 -75.82773 moveto 294.80415 -75.82773 lineto 85.03986 -64.41454 moveto 87.87521 -64.41454 lineto 297.63953 -64.41454 moveto 294.80415 -64.41454 lineto 85.03986 -57.73811 moveto 87.87521 -57.73811 lineto 297.63953 -57.73811 moveto 294.80415 -57.73811 lineto 85.03986 -53.00133 moveto 87.87521 -53.00133 lineto 297.63953 -53.00133 moveto 294.80415 -53.00133 lineto 85.03986 -49.32707 moveto 87.87521 -49.32707 lineto 297.63953 -49.32707 moveto 294.80415 -49.32707 lineto 85.03986 -46.3249 moveto 87.87521 -46.3249 lineto 297.63953 -46.3249 moveto 294.80415 -46.3249 lineto 85.03986 -43.78679 moveto 87.87521 -43.78679 lineto 297.63953 -43.78679 moveto 294.80415 -43.78679 lineto 85.03986 -41.58812 moveto 87.87521 -41.58812 lineto 297.63953 -41.58812 moveto 294.80415 -41.58812 lineto 85.03986 -39.64873 moveto 87.87521 -39.64873 lineto 297.63953 -39.64873 moveto 294.80415 -39.64873 lineto 85.03986 -37.91386 moveto 87.87521 -37.91386 lineto 297.63953 -37.91386 moveto 294.80415 -37.91386 lineto 85.03986 -26.50066 moveto 87.87521 -26.50066 lineto 297.63953 -26.50066 moveto 294.80415 -26.50066 lineto 85.03986 -19.82423 moveto 87.87521 -19.82423 lineto 297.63953 -19.82423 moveto 294.80415 -19.82423 lineto 85.03986 -15.08743 moveto 87.87521 -15.08743 lineto 297.63953 -15.08743 moveto 294.80415 -15.08743 lineto 85.03986 -11.4132 moveto 87.87521 -11.4132 lineto 297.63953 -11.4132 moveto 294.80415 -11.4132 lineto 85.03986 -8.41103 moveto 87.87521 -8.41103 lineto 297.63953 -8.41103 moveto 294.80415 -8.41103 lineto 85.03986 -5.87291 moveto 87.87521 -5.87291 lineto 297.63953 -5.87291 moveto 294.80415 -5.87291 lineto 85.03986 -3.67424 moveto 87.87521 -3.67424 lineto 297.63953 -3.67424 moveto 294.80415 -3.67424 lineto 85.03986 -1.73486 moveto 87.87521 -1.73486 lineto 297.63953 -1.73486 moveto 294.80415 -1.73486 lineto 85.03986 0.0 moveto 87.87521 0.0 lineto 297.63953 0.0 moveto 294.80415 0.0 lineto pgfstr 0 TeXcolorgray restore save 0.19925 pgfw 0.5 TeXcolorgray 85.03986 -151.65547 moveto 89.29247 -151.65547 lineto 297.63953 -151.65547 moveto 293.38692 -151.65547 lineto 85.03986 -113.74161 moveto 89.29247 -113.74161 lineto 297.63953 -113.74161 moveto 293.38692 -113.74161 lineto 85.03986 -75.82773 moveto 89.29247 -75.82773 lineto 297.63953 -75.82773 moveto 293.38692 -75.82773 lineto 85.03986 -37.91386 moveto 89.29247 -37.91386 lineto 297.63953 -37.91386 moveto 293.38692 -37.91386 lineto 85.03986 0.0 moveto 89.29247 0.0 lineto 297.63953 0.0 moveto 293.38692 0.0 lineto pgfstr 0 TeXcolorgray restore restore 85.03986 -151.65547 moveto 85.03986 0.0 lineto 297.63953 0.0 lineto 297.63953 -151.65547 lineto 85.03986 -151.65547 lineto pgfstr save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 83.05423 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(4)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 104.3142 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(5)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 125.57416 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(6)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 146.83412 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(7)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 168.09409 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(8)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 189.35405 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(9)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 208.62837 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(10)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 229.88834 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(11)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 251.1483 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(12)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 272.40826 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(13)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 293.66824 -159.66962 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(14)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 64.2926 -154.81921 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(10)1950 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(4)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 64.2926 -116.90535 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(10)1950 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(3)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 64.2926 -78.99149 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(10)1950 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(2)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 64.2926 -41.0776 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(10)1950 -338 y Fe(\000)p Ff(1)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 69.68916 -3.10837 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a Fn(10)1950 -338 y Ff(0)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore 85.03986 -151.65547 moveto 297.63953 -151.65547 lineto 297.63953 0.0 lineto 85.03986 0.0 lineto clip newpath save 1 0 0 setrgbcolor [ ] 0.0 setdash 0.99628 pgfw 0.0 -0.79971 moveto 21.25996 -3.79283 lineto 42.51993 -10.99864 lineto 63.77989 -22.92891 lineto 85.03986 -44.4315 lineto 106.29982 -63.3824 lineto 127.5598 -88.77858 lineto 148.81976 -115.79782 lineto 170.07973 -142.27336 lineto pgfstr restore save 0 0 1 setrgbcolor [ 2.98883 2.98883 ] 0.0 setdash 0.99628 pgfw 0.0 0.0 moveto 21.25996 0.0 lineto 42.51993 0.0 lineto 63.77989 -0.32938 lineto 85.03986 -5.89177 lineto 106.29982 -28.93977 lineto 127.5598 -71.21632 lineto 148.81976 -111.87936 lineto 170.07973 -141.55179 lineto pgfstr restore save 0 0.49804 0 setrgbcolor [ ] 0.0 setdash 0.99628 pgfw 0.0 0.0 moveto 21.25996 0.0 lineto 42.51993 0.0 lineto 63.77989 0.0 lineto 85.03986 0.0 lineto 106.29982 -1.26175 lineto 127.5598 -4.24055 lineto 148.81976 -11.04034 lineto 170.07973 -21.41664 lineto 191.33969 -35.8202 lineto 212.59966 -50.82576 lineto 233.85963 -68.07521 lineto 255.1196 -85.87213 lineto 276.37956 -102.0867 lineto 297.63953 -122.59207 lineto pgfstr restore restore save 0 0.49804 0 setrgbcolor [ ] 0.0 setdash 0.99628 pgfw [ ] 0.0 setdash 87.03241 0.0 moveto 87.03241 1.10046 86.14034 1.99255 85.03986 1.99255 curveto 83.93939 1.99255 83.0473 1.10046 83.0473 0.0 curveto 83.0473 -1.10046 83.93939 -1.99255 85.03986 -1.99255 curveto 86.14034 -1.99255 87.03241 -1.10046 87.03241 0.0 curveto closepath 85.03986 0.0 moveto pgfstr 108.29237 -1.26175 moveto 108.29237 -0.16129 107.4003 0.73079 106.29982 0.73079 curveto 105.19936 0.73079 104.30727 -0.16129 104.30727 -1.26175 curveto 104.30727 -2.36223 105.19936 -3.2543 106.29982 -3.2543 curveto 107.4003 -3.2543 108.29237 -2.36223 108.29237 -1.26175 curveto closepath 106.29982 -1.26175 moveto pgfstr 129.55235 -4.24055 moveto 129.55235 -3.14008 128.66026 -2.248 127.5598 -2.248 curveto 126.45932 -2.248 125.56725 -3.14008 125.56725 -4.24055 curveto 125.56725 -5.34102 126.45932 -6.23311 127.5598 -6.23311 curveto 128.66026 -6.23311 129.55235 -5.34102 129.55235 -4.24055 curveto closepath 127.5598 -4.24055 moveto pgfstr 150.81232 -11.04034 moveto 150.81232 -9.93987 149.92023 -9.04779 148.81976 -9.04779 curveto 147.71928 -9.04779 146.82721 -9.93987 146.82721 -11.04034 curveto 146.82721 -12.14081 147.71928 -13.0329 148.81976 -13.0329 curveto 149.92023 -13.0329 150.81232 -12.14081 150.81232 -11.04034 curveto closepath 148.81976 -11.04034 moveto pgfstr 172.07228 -21.41664 moveto 172.07228 -20.31618 171.18019 -19.42409 170.07973 -19.42409 curveto 168.97925 -19.42409 168.08717 -20.31618 168.08717 -21.41664 curveto 168.08717 -22.51712 168.97925 -23.4092 170.07973 -23.4092 curveto 171.18019 -23.4092 172.07228 -22.51712 172.07228 -21.41664 curveto closepath 170.07973 -21.41664 moveto pgfstr 193.33224 -35.8202 moveto 193.33224 -34.71973 192.44017 -33.82765 191.33969 -33.82765 curveto 190.23923 -33.82765 189.34714 -34.71973 189.34714 -35.8202 curveto 189.34714 -36.92067 190.23923 -37.81276 191.33969 -37.81276 curveto 192.44017 -37.81276 193.33224 -36.92067 193.33224 -35.8202 curveto closepath 191.33969 -35.8202 moveto pgfstr 214.59221 -50.82576 moveto 214.59221 -49.72528 213.70013 -48.8332 212.59966 -48.8332 curveto 211.49919 -48.8332 210.6071 -49.72528 210.6071 -50.82576 curveto 210.6071 -51.92622 211.49919 -52.81831 212.59966 -52.81831 curveto 213.70013 -52.81831 214.59221 -51.92622 214.59221 -50.82576 curveto closepath 212.59966 -50.82576 moveto pgfstr 235.85219 -68.07521 moveto 235.85219 -66.97475 234.9601 -66.08266 233.85963 -66.08266 curveto 232.75916 -66.08266 231.86708 -66.97475 231.86708 -68.07521 curveto 231.86708 -69.17569 232.75916 -70.06776 233.85963 -70.06776 curveto 234.9601 -70.06776 235.85219 -69.17569 235.85219 -68.07521 curveto closepath 233.85963 -68.07521 moveto pgfstr 257.11215 -85.87213 moveto 257.11215 -84.77167 256.22006 -83.87958 255.1196 -83.87958 curveto 254.01912 -83.87958 253.12704 -84.77167 253.12704 -85.87213 curveto 253.12704 -86.97261 254.01912 -87.86469 255.1196 -87.86469 curveto 256.22006 -87.86469 257.11215 -86.97261 257.11215 -85.87213 curveto closepath 255.1196 -85.87213 moveto 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restore save save [0.0 1.0 -1.0 0.0 57.45222 -82.22278 ] concat pgfs 0 setgray 1884 -313 a FA(FER)1884 -313 y pgfr restore restore save /pgffc{1 setgray}def /pgfsc{0 setgray}def /pgfsc{0 setgray}def /pgffc{1 setgray}def save /pgffc{1 setgray}def /pgfsc{0 setgray}def /pgfsc{0 setgray}def /pgffc{1 setgray}def 34.87497 101.32379 196.11647 -35.07422 pgfe gsave pgffc pgffill grestore gsave pgfsc pgfstr grestore newpath restore save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 199.1053 -27.95918 ] concat pgfs 1888 -485 a 1888 -485 a 1888 -485 a pgfo save save /pgfsc{}def/pgffc{}def 1 0 0 setrgbcolor [ ] 0.0 setdash 0.99628 pgfw 0.0 0.0 moveto 8.50412 0.0 lineto 17.00826 0.0 lineto pgfstr restore restore pgfc 2032 -485 a 2032 -485 a 2032 -485 a pgfo save save save [1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.1918 -1.6743 ] concat pgfs /pgfsc{}def/pgffc{}def 0 setgray 2032 -485 a FA(Base,)19 b Fk(d)p FA(=2,)g Fk(R)2361 -476 y Fi(b)2392 -485 y FA(=2/3)2032 -485 y pgfr restore restore restore pgfc 1888 -399 a 1888 -399 a 1888 -399 a pgfo save save 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