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cobalt</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: cobalt"> <meta name="keywords" content="cobalt"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="cobalt"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 200</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: cobalt</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">200</span> Investigation on Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Gadolinium Catalyst</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Huang">Jian Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weixin%20Qian"> Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cobalt-gadolinium catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was prepared by impregnation method with commercial silica gel, and its texture properties were characterized by BET, XRD, and TPR. The catalytic performance of the catalyst was tested in a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that the addition of gadolinium to the cobalt catalyst might decrease the size of cobalt particles, and increased the dispersion of catalytic active cobalt phases. The carbon number distributions for the catalysts was calculated by ASF equation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%20synthesis" title="Fischer-Tropsch synthesis">Fischer-Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt-based%20catalysts" title=" cobalt-based catalysts"> cobalt-based catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gadolinium" title=" gadolinium"> gadolinium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20number%20distributions" title=" carbon number distributions"> carbon number distributions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48437/investigation-on-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-over-cobalt-gadolinium-catalyst" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">199</span> Synthesize of Cobalt Oxide Nanoballs/Carbon Aerogel Nanostructures: Towards High-Performance Materials for Supercapacitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bahadoran">A. Bahadoran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zomorodian"> M. Zomorodian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The synthesizer of cobalt oxide nanoballs (length 3−4 μm, width 250−400 nm) was achieved by a simple high-temperature supercritical solution method. Multiwalled carbon aerogels are a step towards high-density nanometer-scale nanostructures. Cobalt oxide nanoballs were prepared by supercritical solution method. Synthesis in an aqueous solution containing cobalt hydroxide at ∼80 °C without any further heat treatment at high temperature. The formation of cobalt oxide nanoballs on carbon aerogel was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The FE-SEM images showed the presence of cobalt oxide nanoballs. The reaction mechanism of the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of cobalt oxide nanostructures was proposed on the basis of the XRD, X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis and FE-SEM observation of the reaction products taken during the course of the synthesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20oxide%20nano%20balls" title="cobalt oxide nano balls">cobalt oxide nano balls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20aerogel" title=" carbon aerogel"> carbon aerogel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesize" title=" synthesize"> synthesize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructure" title=" nanostructure"> nanostructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37845/synthesize-of-cobalt-oxide-nanoballscarbon-aerogel-nanostructures-towards-high-performance-materials-for-supercapacitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> Cobalt Ions Adsorption by Quartz and Illite and Calcite from Waste Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20A.%20Aljlil">Saad A. Aljlil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adsorption of cobalt ions on quartz and illite and calcite from waste water was investigated. The effect of pH on the adsorption of cobalt ions was studied. The maximum capacities of cobalt ions of the three adsorbents increase with increasing cobalt solution temperature. The maximum capacities were (4.66) mg/g for quartz, (3.94) mg/g for illite, and (3.44) mg/g for calcite. The enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, and entropy for adsorption of cobalt ions on the three adsorbents were calculated. It was found that the adsorption process of the cobalt ions of the adsorbent was an endothermic process. consequently increasing the temperature causes the increase of the cobalt ions adsorption of the adsorbents. Therefore, the adsorption process is preferred at high temperature levels. The equilibrium adsorption data were correlated using Langmuir model, Freundlich model. The experimental data of cobalt ions of the adsorbents correlated well with Freundlich model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Langmuir" title=" Langmuir"> Langmuir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Freundlich" title=" Freundlich"> Freundlich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quartz" title=" quartz"> quartz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illite" title=" illite"> illite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcite" title=" calcite"> calcite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20water" title=" waste water"> waste water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25552/cobalt-ions-adsorption-by-quartz-and-illite-and-calcite-from-waste-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Green Synthesis of Copper Oxide and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles Using Spinacia Oleracea Leaf Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yameen%20Ahmed">Yameen Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamshid%20Hussain"> Jamshid Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farman%20Ullah"> Farman Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohaib%20Asif"> Sohaib Asif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The investigation aims at the synthesis of copper oxide and cobalt oxide nanoparticles using Spinacia oleracea leaf extract. These nanoparticles have many properties and applications. They possess antimicrobial catalytic properties and also they can be used in energy storage materials, gas sensors, etc. The Spinacia oleracea leaf extract behaves as a reducing agent in nanoparticle synthesis. The plant extract was first prepared and then treated with copper and cobalt salt solutions to get the precipitate. The salt solutions used for this purpose are copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄.5H₂O) and cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl₂.6H₂O). The UV-Vis, XRD, EDX, and SEM techniques are used to find the optical, structural, and morphological properties of copper oxide and cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The UV absorption peaks are at 326 nm and 506 nm for copper oxide and cobalt oxide nanoparticles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20oxide" title="cobalt oxide">cobalt oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20oxide" title=" copper oxide"> copper oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20synthesis" title=" green synthesis"> green synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142865/green-synthesis-of-copper-oxide-and-cobalt-oxide-nanoparticles-using-spinacia-oleracea-leaf-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> Parameters Affecting the Removal of Copper and Cobalt from Aqueous Solution onto Clinoptilolite by Ion-Exchange Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Kabuba">John Kabuba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilary%20Rutto"> Hilary Rutto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ion exchange is one of the methods used to remove heavy metal such as copper and cobalt from wastewaters. Parameters affecting the ion-exchange of copper and cobalt aqueous solutions using clinoptilolite are the objectives of this study. Synthetic solutions were prepared with the concentration of 0.02M, 0.06M and 0.1M. The cobalt solution was maintained to 0.02M while varying the copper solution to the above stated concentrations. The clinoptilolite was activated with HCl and H2SO4 for removal efficiency. The pHs of the solutions were found to be acidic hence enhancing the copper and cobalt removal. The natural clinoptilolite performance was also found to be lower compared to the HCl and H2SO4 activated one for the copper removal ranging from 68% to 78% of Cu2+ uptake with the natural clinoptilolite to 66% to 51% with HCl and H2SO4 respectively. It was found that the activated clinoptilolite removed more copper and cobalt than the natural one and found that the electronegativity of the metal plays a role in the metal removal and the clinoptilolite selectivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinoptilolite" title="clinoptilolite">clinoptilolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20and%20copper" title=" cobalt and copper"> cobalt and copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion-exchange" title=" ion-exchange"> ion-exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20dosage" title=" mass dosage"> mass dosage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13100/parameters-affecting-the-removal-of-copper-and-cobalt-from-aqueous-solution-onto-clinoptilolite-by-ion-exchange-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> Designing Active Sites on Amicyanin Using Histidine S Plus Cobalt, and Measuring Their Functional Activity </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han-Bin%20Kim">Han-Bin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sooim%20Shin"> Sooim Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moonsung%20Choi"> Moonsung Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a growing interest in introducing a desired functional group on enzymes in the field of protein engineering. In here, various redox centers were newly created using histidine tag, which is widely used for protein purification, plus cobalt in one of cupredoxins, amicyanin. The coordination of Cobalt-His tag and reactivity of the Co²⁺ loaded His-tag also were characterized. 3xHis-tag, 6xHis-tag, and 9xHis-tag were introduced on amicyanin by site-directed mutagenesis, and then Co²⁺ was loaded on each His-tagged amicyanin. The spectral changes at 330 nm corresponding to cobalt binding on His-tag site indicated the binding ratio of 3xHis-tag, 6xHis-tag, and 9xHis-tag to cobalt as 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 respectively. Based on kinetic studies of binding cobalt to 3xHis-tag, 6xHis-tag, and 9xHis-tagged amicyanin, the nature of the sites was elucidated. In addition, internal electron transfer properties between Cu¹⁺ site and engineered site of amicyanin were determined. These results provide insight into improvement of metal coordination and alternation of the redox properties of metal as a new catalytic site on proteins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amicyanin" title="amicyanin">amicyanin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title=" cobalt"> cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histidine" title=" histidine"> histidine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20engineering" title=" protein engineering"> protein engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77448/designing-active-sites-on-amicyanin-using-histidine-s-plus-cobalt-and-measuring-their-functional-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Assessment of Cobalt Concentrations in Wastewater and Vegetable Samples Grown along Kubanni Stream Channels in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20D.%20Saeed">M. D. Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20O.%20Oladeji"> S. O. Oladeji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The level of cobalt was determined in wastewater and vegetable (carrot, lettuce, onion, spinach, cabbage, tomato and okro) samples collected on seasonal basis from December, 2012 to September 2014 along Kubanni stream channels in Zaria. The results showed cobalt concentrations in wastewater were in the range of 3.77 – 15.20 mg/L for the year 2013 and 4.74 – 15.20 mg/L in 2014 while the vegetable had concentrations in the range of 1.25 – 8.75 mg/Kg for the year 2013 and 2.76 – 12.45 mg/Kg in 2014. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in cobalt levels across the locations for wastewater and vegetables whereas seasons (harmattan, dry and rainy) showed no significant difference in wastewater and vegetables analyzed. Pearson correlation revealed substantial (r = 0.726) relationship between cobalt levels in wastewater for the year 2013 and 2014 likewise, substantial (r = 0.750) relationship was also obtained for vegetables cultivated in 2013 and 2014 respectively. Cobalt concentrations obtained in this study was higher than Maximum Contaminant Levels set by Standard Organization such as W.H.O. and F.A.O. for wastewater; however, vegetables indicated no contamination with cobalt metal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title="cobalt">cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration" title=" concentration"> concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable" title=" vegetable"> vegetable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32711/assessment-of-cobalt-concentrations-in-wastewater-and-vegetable-samples-grown-along-kubanni-stream-channels-in-zaria-kaduna-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Reuse of Spent Lithium Battery for the Production of Environmental Catalysts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh-Cherng%20Chen">Jyh-Cherng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Shiang%20You"> Chih-Shiang You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie-Shian%20Cheng"> Jie-Shian Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to recycle and reuse of spent lithium-cobalt battery and lithium-iron battery in the production of environmental catalysts. The characteristics and catalytic activities of synthesized catalysts for different air pollutants are analyzed and tested. The results show that the major metals in spent lithium-cobalt batteries are lithium 5%, cobalt 50%, nickel 3%, manganese 3% and the major metals in spent lithium-iron batteries are lithium 4%, iron 27%, and copper 4%. The catalytic activities of metal powders in the anode of spent lithium batteries are bad. With using the precipitation-oxidation method to prepare the lithium-cobalt catalysts from spent lithium-cobalt batteries, their catalytic activities for propane decomposition, CO oxidation, and NO reduction are well improved and excellent. The conversion efficiencies of the regenerated lithium-cobalt catalysts for those three gas pollutants are all above 99% even at low temperatures 200-300 °C. However, the catalytic activities of regenerated lithium-iron catalysts from spent lithium-iron batteries are unsatisfied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalyst" title="catalyst">catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-cobalt%20battery" title=" lithium-cobalt battery"> lithium-cobalt battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-iron%20battery" title=" lithium-iron battery"> lithium-iron battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycle%20and%20reuse" title=" recycle and reuse"> recycle and reuse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52788/reuse-of-spent-lithium-battery-for-the-production-of-environmental-catalysts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> Removal Cobalt (II) and Copper (II) by Solvent Extraction from Sulfate Solutions by Capric Acid in Chloroform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bara">A. Bara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Barkat"> D. Barkat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Liquid-liquid extraction is one of the most useful techniques for selective removal and recovery of metal ions from aqueous solutions, applied in purification processes in numerous chemical and metallurgical industries. In this work, The liquid-liquid extraction of cobalt (II) and copper (II) from aqueous solution by capric acid (HL) in chloroform at 25°C has been studied. Our interest in this paper is to study the effect of concentration of capric acid on the extraction of Co(II) and Cu(II) to see the complexes could be formed in the organic phase using various concentration of capric acid. The extraction of cobalt (II) and copper (II) is extracted as the complex CoL2 (HL )2, CuL2 (HL)2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capric%20acid" title="capric acid">capric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cobalt%28II%29" title=" Cobalt(II)"> Cobalt(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%28II%29" title=" copper(II)"> copper(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-liquid%20extraction" title=" liquid-liquid extraction "> liquid-liquid extraction </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27656/removal-cobalt-ii-and-copper-ii-by-solvent-extraction-from-sulfate-solutions-by-capric-acid-in-chloroform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> Caught in the Crossfire : Natural Resources, Energy Transition, and Conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koami%20West%20Togbetse">Koami West Togbetse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The global shift towards clean and sustainable energy sources, known as the energy transition, is compelling numerous countries to transition from polluting energy systems to cleaner alternatives, commonly referred to as green energies. In this context, cobalt holds significant importance as a crucial mineral in facilitating this energy transition due to its pivotal role in electric batteries. Considering the Democratic Republic of Congo’s reputation for political instability and its position as the largest producer of cobalt, possessing over 50% of the world’s reserves, we have assessed the potential conflicts that may arise as a result of the rapid increase in cobalt demand. The results show that cobalt does not appear to be a determinant contributing to all past conflicts over the study period in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Gold, on the other hand, stands out as one of the coveted metals for rebel groups engaged in rampant exploitation, increasing the likelihood of conflicts occurring. However, a more in-depth analysis reveals a shift in the relationship between cobalt production and conflict events around 2006. Prior to 2006, increased cobalt production was significantly associated with a reduction in conflict events. However, after 2006, this relationship became positive, indicating that higher cobalt production is now linked to a slight increase in conflict events. This suggests a change in the dynamics affecting conflicts related to cobalt production before and after 2006. According to our predictive model, cobalt has the potential to emerge increasingly as a contributing factor, just like gold. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflicts" title="conflicts">conflicts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20resources" title=" natural resources"> natural resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20transition" title=" energy transition"> energy transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolitics" title=" geopolitics"> geopolitics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187402/caught-in-the-crossfire-natural-resources-energy-transition-and-conflict-in-the-democratic-republic-of-congo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> Selectivity Mechanism of Cobalt Precipitation by an Imidazole Linker From an Old Battery Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna-Caroline%20Lavergne-Bril">Anna-Caroline Lavergne-Bril</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois%20Colin"> Jean-François Colin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Peralta"> David Peralta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascale%20Maldivi"> Pascale Maldivi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cobalt is a critical material, widely used in Li-ion batteries. Due to the planned electrification of European vehicles, cobalt needs are expending – and resources are limited. To meet the needs in cobalt to come, it is necessary to develop new efficient ways to recycle cobalt. One of the biggest sources comes from old electrical vehicles batteries (batteries sold in 2019: 500 000 tons of waste to be). A closed loop process of cobalt recycling has been developed and this presentation aims to present the selectivity mechanism of cobalt over manganese and nickel in solution. Cobalt precipitation as a ZIF material (Zeolitic Imidazolate framework) from a starting solution composed of equimolar nickel, manganese and cobalt is studied. A 2-MeIm (2-methylimidazole) linker is introduced in a multimetallic Ni, Mn, Co solution and the resulting ZIF-67 is 100% pure Co among its metallic centers. Selectivity of Co over Ni is experimentally studied and DFT modelisation calculation are conducted to understand the geometry of ligand-metal-solvent complexes in solution. Selectivity of Co over Mn is experimentally studied, and DFT modelisation calcucation are conducted to understand the link between pKa of the ligand and precipitration of Mn impurities within the final material. Those calculation open the way to other ligand being used in the same process, with more efficiency. Experimental material are synthetized from bimetallic (Ni²⁺/Co²⁺, Mn²⁺/Co²⁺, Mn²⁺/Ni²⁺) solutions. Their crystallographic structure is analysed by XRD diffraction (Brüker AXS D8 diffractometer, Cu anticathode). Morphology is studied by scanning electron microscopy, using a LEO 1530 FE-SEM microscope. The chemical analysis is performed by using ICP-OES (Agilent Technologies 700 series ICP-OES). Modelisation calculation are DFT calculation (density functional theory), using B3LYP, conducted with Orca 4.2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOFs" title="MOFs">MOFs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZIFs" title=" ZIFs"> ZIFs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed-loop" title=" closed-loop"> closed-loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title=" cobalt"> cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=li-ion%20batteries" title=" li-ion batteries"> li-ion batteries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154201/selectivity-mechanism-of-cobalt-precipitation-by-an-imidazole-linker-from-an-old-battery-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> Effect of the Support Shape on Fischer-Tropsch Cobalt Catalyst Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Huang">Jian Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weixin%20Qian"> Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongfang%20Ma"> Hongfang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cobalt catalysts were supported on extruded silica carrier and different-type (SiO<sub>2</sub>, γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) commercial supports with different shapes and sizes to produce heavy hydrocarbons for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The catalysts were characterized by N<sub>2</sub> physisorption and H<sub>2</sub>-TPR. The catalytic performance of the catalysts was tested in a fixed bed reactor. The results of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis performance showed that the cobalt catalyst supported on spherical silica supports displayed a higher activity and a higher selectivity to C<sub>5</sub><sup>+</sup> products, due to the fact that the active components were only distributed in the surface layer of spherical carrier, and the influence of gas diffusion restriction on catalytic performance was weakened. Therefore, it can be concluded that the eggshell cobalt catalyst was superior to precious metals modified catalysts in the synthesis of heavy hydrocarbons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fischer-tropsch%20synthesis" title="fischer-tropsch synthesis">fischer-tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20catalyst" title=" cobalt catalyst"> cobalt catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20shape" title=" support shape"> support shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20hydrocarbons" title=" heavy hydrocarbons"> heavy hydrocarbons</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86645/effect-of-the-support-shape-on-fischer-tropsch-cobalt-catalyst-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">188</span> Synergistic Extraction Study of Cobalt (II) from Sulfate Medium by Mixtures of Capric Acid and Tri-N-Octylphosphine Oxide in Chloroform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Adjel">F. Adjel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Almi"> S. Almi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Barkat"> D. Barkat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The synergistic solvent extraction of cobalt (II) from 0.33 mol dm-3 Na2SO4 aqueous solutions with capric acid (HL) in the absence and presence of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in chloroform at 25°C, has been studied. The extracted species when the capric acid compound was used alone, is CoL2(HL)2. In the presence of TOPO, a remarkable enhancement on the extraction of nickel (II) with 0.02 mol dm-3 capric acid was observed upon the addition of 0.0025 to 0.01 mol dm-3 TOPO in chloroform. From an synergistic extraction- equilibrium study, the synergistic enhancement was ascribed to the adduct formation CoL2(HL)2 n(TOPO). The TOPO-HL interaction strongly influences the synergistic extraction efficiency. The synergistic extraction stoichiometry of cobalt (II) with capric acid and TOPO is studied with the methods of slope analysis. The equilibrium constants were determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvent%20extraction" title="solvent extraction">solvent extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20%28II%29" title=" cobalt (II)"> cobalt (II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capric%20acid" title=" capric acid"> capric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOPO" title=" TOPO"> TOPO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergism" title=" synergism"> synergism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22568/synergistic-extraction-study-of-cobalt-ii-from-sulfate-medium-by-mixtures-of-capric-acid-and-tri-n-octylphosphine-oxide-in-chloroform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">187</span> Synergistic Extraction of Cobalt (II) from Sulfate Medium by Mixtures of Capric Acid and Methyl Isobutyl Cétone in Chloroform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Adjel">F. Adjel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Bensmail"> C. Bensmail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Almi"> S. Almi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Barkat"> D. Barkat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The synergistic solvent extraction of cobalt (II) from 0.33 mol dm^-3 Na2SO4 aqueous solutions with capric acid (HL) in the absence and presence of methyl isobutyl cétone (MIBK) in chloroform at 25°C, has been studied. The extracted species when the capric acid compound was used alone, is CoL2(HL)2. In the presence of MIBK, a remarkable enhancement on the extraction of nickel (II) with 0.02 mol dm^-3 capric acid was observed upon the addition of 0.0025 to 0.01 mol dm^-3 MIBK in chloroform. From a synergistic extraction-equilibrium study, the synergistic enhancement was ascribed to the adduct formation CoL2(HL)2 n(MIBK). The MIBK-HL interaction strongly influences the synergistic extraction efficiency. The synergistic extraction stoichiometry of cobalt (II) with capric acid and MIBK is studied with the methods of slope analysis. The equilibrium constants were determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvent%20extraction" title="solvent extraction">solvent extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20%28II%29" title=" cobalt (II)"> cobalt (II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capric%20acid" title=" capric acid"> capric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIBK" title=" MIBK"> MIBK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergism" title=" synergism"> synergism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24809/synergistic-extraction-of-cobalt-ii-from-sulfate-medium-by-mixtures-of-capric-acid-and-methyl-isobutyl-cetone-in-chloroform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">186</span> The Effect of Diluents in the Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Cobalt(II) with Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phosphoric Acid </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Ghebghoub">Fatima Ghebghoub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The solvent extraction of cobalt (II) from sulfate medium using di(2-ethylhexy1) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA, HL) at 25°C has been investigated. The influence of the following parameters was studied: the equilibrium pH, the concentration of the extractant and the nature of diluent. The effect of the diluent using polar and non-polar solvents in the extraction of nickel(II) is discussed. The extracted nickel (II species were found to be CoL2 in 1-octanol and methyl isobutyl ketone and CoL2.2HL in toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and cyclohexane. The extraction constants are evaluated for the different diluents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-liquid%20extraction" title="liquid-liquid extraction">liquid-liquid extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%28II%29" title=" cobalt(II)"> cobalt(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=di%282-ethylhexyl%29%20phosphoric%20acid" title=" di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid"> di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diluent%20effect" title=" diluent effect"> diluent effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22488/the-effect-of-diluents-in-the-liquid-liquid-extraction-of-cobaltii-with-di2-ethylhexyl-phosphoric-acid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">544</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">185</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt Oxide and Cu-Doped Cobalt Oxide as Photocatalyst for Model Dye Degradation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vrinda%20P.%20S.%20Borker">Vrinda P. S. Borker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Major water pollutants are dyes from effluents of industries. Different methods have been tried to degrade or treat the effluent before it is left to the environment. In order to understand the degradation process and later apply it to effluents, solar degradation study of methylene blue (MB) and methyl red (MR), the model dyes was carried out in the presence of photo-catalysts, the oxides of cobalt oxide Co₃O₄, and copper doped cobalt oxides (Co₀.₉Cu₀.₁)₃O₄ and (Co₀.₉₅Cu₀.₀₅)₃O₄. They were prepared from oxalate complex and hydrazinated oxalate complex of cobalt as well as mix metals, copper, and cobalt. The complexes were synthesized and characterized by FTIR. Complexes were decomposed to form oxides and were characterized by XRD. They were found to be monophasic. Solar degradation of MR and MB was carried out in presence of these oxides in acidic and basic medium. Degradation was faster in alkaline medium in the presence of Co₃O₄ obtained from hydrazinated oxalate. Doping of nanomaterial oxides modifies their characteristics. Doped cobalt oxides are found to photo-decolourise MR in alkaline media efficiently. In the absence of photocatalyst, solar degradation of alkaline MR does not occur. In acidic medium, MR is minimally decolorized even in the presence of photocatalysts. The industrial textile effluent contains chemicals like NaCl and Na₂CO₃ along with the unabsorbed dye. It is reported that these two chemicals hamper the degradation of dye. The chemicals like K₂S₂O₈ and H₂O₂ are reported to enhance degradation. The solar degradation study of MB in presence of photocatalyst (Co₀.₉Cu₀.₁)₃O₄ and these four chemicals reveals that presence of K₂S₂O₈ and H₂O₂ enhances degradation. It proves that H₂O₂ generates hydroxyl ions required for degradation of dye and the sulphate anion radical being strong oxidant attacks dye molecules leading to its fragmentation rapidly. Thus addition of K₂S₂O₈ and H₂O₂ during solar degradation in presence of (Co₀.₉Cu₀.₁)₃O₄ helps to break the organic moiety efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20oxides" title="cobalt oxides">cobalt oxides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu-doped%20cobalt%20oxides" title=" Cu-doped cobalt oxides"> Cu-doped cobalt oxides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H%E2%82%82O%E2%82%82%20in%20dye%20degradation" title=" H₂O₂ in dye degradation"> H₂O₂ in dye degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photo-catalyst" title=" photo-catalyst"> photo-catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20dye%20degradation" title=" solar dye degradation"> solar dye degradation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88283/synthesis-and-characterization-of-cobalt-oxide-and-cu-doped-cobalt-oxide-as-photocatalyst-for-model-dye-degradation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">184</span> Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Co (II) Ternary Complexes Involving N-(2-Acetamido) Iminodiacete and Some Amino Acids Acid by Periodate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20Abdel-Khalek">Ahmed A. Abdel-Khalek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reham%20A.%20Mohamed"> Reham A. Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The kinetics of oxidation of the cobalt (II) complexes, [CoII(ADA)(Gly)(H2O)2]-, (ADA = N-(2-acetamido) iminodi-acetic acid and (Gly = Glycine) by periodate in aqueous acetate medium to cobalt (III) have been studied spectrophotometrically at 530 nm over the 30–50°C and a variety pH 4.57-5.25 range and I = 0.50 mol dm-3 under pseudo first order condition by taking large excess of oxidant [IO4-] and it obeys the following rate law: Rate=[CoII(ADA)(Gly)(H2O)2]-[H5IO6]{k4K6+(k5K7K5/[H+])}. Also, the kinetics of oxidation of the cobalt(II) complexes, [CoII(ADA)(Val)(H2O)2]- (ADA = N-(2-acetamido) iminodi-acetic acid and (Val = valine) by periodate in aqueous medium to cobalt (III) have been studied spectrophotometrically at 580 nm over the 30–50°C and a variety pH 4.3-5.12 range and I = 0.50 mol dm-3 under pseudo first order condition by taking large excess of oxidant [IO4-] and it obeys the following rate law: Rate=[CoII(ADA)(Val)(H2O)2]-[H5IO6]{k4K6+(k5K7K5/[H+])} <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periodate" title="periodate">periodate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation" title=" oxidation"> oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20%28II%29" title=" cobalt (II)"> cobalt (II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycine" title=" glycine"> glycine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valine%20acid" title=" valine acid"> valine acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-%282-acetamido%20imino-diacetato%29" title=" n-(2-acetamido imino-diacetato)"> n-(2-acetamido imino-diacetato)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10841/kinetics-and-mechanism-of-oxidation-of-co-ii-ternary-complexes-involving-n-2-acetamido-iminodiacete-and-some-amino-acids-acid-by-periodate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">183</span> Analytical Study of Cobalt(II) and Nickel(II) Extraction with Salicylidene O-, M-, and P-Toluidine in Chloroform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Almi">Sana Almi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamel%20Barkat"> Djamel Barkat </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The solvent extraction of cobalt (II) and nickel (II) from aqueous sulfate solutions were investigated with the analytical methods of slope analysis using salicylidene aniline and the three isomeric o-, m- and p-salicylidene toluidine diluted with chloroform at 25°C. By a statistical analysis of the extraction data, it was concluded that the extracted species are CoL2 with CoL2(HL) and NiL2 (HL denotes HSA, HSOT, HSMT, and HSPT). The extraction efficiency of Co(II) was higher than Ni(II). This tendency is confirmed from numerical extraction constants for each metal cations. The best extraction was according to the following order: HSMT > HSPT > HSOT > HSA for Co2+ and Ni2+. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvent%20extraction" title="solvent extraction">solvent extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel%28II%29" title=" nickel(II)"> nickel(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%28II%29" title=" cobalt(II)"> cobalt(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salicylidene%20aniline" title=" salicylidene aniline"> salicylidene aniline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=o-" title=" o-"> o-</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=m-" title=" m-"> m-</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20p-salicylidene%20toluidine" title=" and p-salicylidene toluidine"> and p-salicylidene toluidine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21677/analytical-study-of-cobaltii-and-nickelii-extraction-with-salicylidene-o-m-and-p-toluidine-in-chloroform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">182</span> Removal of Heavy Metals by KOH Activated Diplotaxis harra Biomass: Experimental Design Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Tounsadi">H. Tounsadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Khalidi"> A. Khalidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdennouri"> M. Abdennouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Barka"> N. Barka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to produce high quality activated carbons from Diplotaxis harra biomass by potassium hydroxide activation and their application for heavy metals removal. To reduce the number of experiments, full factorial experimental design at two levels were carried out to occur optimal preparation conditions and better conditions for the removal of cadmium and cobalt ions from aqueous solutions. The influence of different variables during the activation process, such as carbonization temperature, activation temperature, activation time and impregnation ratio (g KOH/g carbon) have been investigated, and the best production conditions were determined. The experimental results showed that removal of cadmium and cobalt ions onto activated carbons was more sensitive to methylene blue index instead of iodine number. Although, the removal of cadmium and cobalt ions is more influenced by activation temperature with a negative effect followed by the impregnation ratio with a positive impact. Based on the statistical data, the best conditions for the removal of cadmium and cobalt by prepared activated carbons have been established. The maximum iodine number and methylene blue index obtained under these conditions and the greater sorption capacities for cadmium and cobalt were investigated. These sorption capacities were greater than those of a commercial activated carbon used in water treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title="activated carbon">activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title=" cadmium"> cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title=" cobalt"> cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diplotaxis%20harra" title=" Diplotaxis harra"> Diplotaxis harra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20design" title=" experimental design"> experimental design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potassium%20hydroxide" title=" potassium hydroxide"> potassium hydroxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48982/removal-of-heavy-metals-by-koh-activated-diplotaxis-harra-biomass-experimental-design-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">181</span> Mesoporous Carbon Ceramic SiO2/C Prepared by Sol-Gel Method and Modified with Cobalt Phthalocyanine and Used as an Electrochemical Sensor for Nitrite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdur%20Rahim">Abdur Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lauro%20Tatsuo%20Kubota"> Lauro Tatsuo Kubota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshitaka%20Gushikem"> Yoshitaka Gushikem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon ceramic mesoporous SiO2/50wt%C (SBET= 170 m2g-1), where C is graphite, was prepared by the sol gel method. Scanning electron microscopy images and the respective element mapping showed that, within the magnification used, no phase segregation was detectable. It presented the electric conductivities of 0.49 S cm-1. This material was used to support cobalt phthalocyanine, prepared in situ, to assure a homogeneous dispersion of the electro active complex in the pores of the matrix. The surface density of cobalt phthalocyanine, on the matrix surfaces was 0.015 mol cm-2. Pressed disk, made with SiO2/50wt%C/CoPc, was used to fabricate an electrode and tested as sensors for nitrite determination by electro chemical technique. A linear response range between 0.039 and 0.42 mmol l−1,and correlation coefficient r=0.9996 was obtained. The electrode was chemically very stable and presented very high sensitivity for this analyte, with a limit of detection, LOD = 1.087 x 10-6 mol L-1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiO2%2FC%2FCoPc" title="SiO2/C/CoPc">SiO2/C/CoPc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel%20method" title=" sol-gel method"> sol-gel method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20sensor" title=" electrochemical sensor"> electrochemical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrite%20oxidation" title=" nitrite oxidation"> nitrite oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20ceramic%20material" title=" carbon ceramic material"> carbon ceramic material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20phthalocyanine" title=" cobalt phthalocyanine"> cobalt phthalocyanine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18924/mesoporous-carbon-ceramic-sio2c-prepared-by-sol-gel-method-and-modified-with-cobalt-phthalocyanine-and-used-as-an-electrochemical-sensor-for-nitrite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">180</span> Study of the Impact of Synthesis Method and Chemical Composition on Photocatalytic Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Catalysts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20Zaharieva">Katerina Zaharieva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vicente%20Rives"> Vicente Rives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Tsvetkov"> Martin Tsvetkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20Trujillano"> Raquel Trujillano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boris%20Kunev"> Boris Kunev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Mitov"> Ivan Mitov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Milanova"> Maria Milanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zara%20Cherkezova-Zheleva"> Zara Cherkezova-Zheleva </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nanostructured cobalt ferrite-type materials Sample A - Co0.25Fe2.75O4, Sample B - Co0.5Fe2.5O4, and Sample C - CoFe2O4 were prepared by co-precipitation in our previous investigations. The co-precipitated Sample B and Sample C were mechanochemically activated in order to produce Sample D - Co0.5Fe2.5O4 and Sample E- CoFe2O4. The PXRD, Moessbauer and FTIR spectroscopies, specific surface area determination by the BET method, thermal analysis, element chemical analysis and temperature-programmed reduction were used to investigate the prepared nano-sized samples. The changes of the Malachite green dye concentration during reaction of the photocatalytic decolorization using nanostructured cobalt ferrite-type catalysts with different chemical composition are included. The photocatalytic results show that the increase in the degree of incorporation of cobalt ions in the magnetite host structure for co-precipitated cobalt ferrite-type samples results in an increase of the photocatalytic activity: Sample A (4 х10-3 min-1) < Sample B (5 х10-3 min-1) < Sample C (7 х10-3 min-1). Mechanochemically activated photocatalysts showed a higher activity than the co-precipitated ferrite materials: Sample D (16 х10-3 min-1) > Sample E (14 х10-3 min-1) > Sample C (7 х10-3 min-1) > Sample B (5 х10-3 min-1) > Sample A (4 х10-3 min-1). On decreasing the degree of substitution of iron ions by cobalt ones a higher sorption ability of the dye after the dark period for the co-precipitated cobalt ferrite materials was observed: Sample C (72 %) < Sample B (78 %) < Sample A (80 %). Mechanochemically treated ferrite catalysts and co-precipitated Sample B possess similar sorption capacities, Sample D (78 %) ~ Sample E (78 %) ~ Sample B (78 %). The prepared nano-sized cobalt ferrite-type materials demonstrate good photocatalytic and sorption properties. Mechanochemically activated Sample D - Co0.5Fe2.5O4 (16х10-3 min-1) and Sample E-CoFe2O4 (14х10-3 min-1) possess higher photocatalytic activity than that of the most common used UV-light catalyst Degussa P25 (12х10-3 min-1). The dependence of the photo-catalytic activity and sorption properties on the preparation method and different degree of substitution of iron ions by cobalt ions in synthesized cobalt ferrite samples is established. The mechanochemical activation leads to formation of nano-structured cobalt ferrite-type catalysts (Sample D and Sample E) with higher rate constants than those of the ferrite materials (Sample A, Sample B, and Sample C) prepared by the co-precipitation procedure. The increase in the degree of substitution of iron ions by cobalt ones leads to improved photocatalytic properties and lower sorption capacities of the co-precipitated ferrite samples. The good sorption properties between 72 and 80% of the prepared ferrite-type materials show that they could be used as potential cheap absorbents for purification of polluted waters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanodimensional%20cobalt%20ferrites" title="nanodimensional cobalt ferrites">nanodimensional cobalt ferrites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalyst" title=" photocatalyst"> photocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanochemical%20activation" title=" mechanochemical activation "> mechanochemical activation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7240/study-of-the-impact-of-synthesis-method-and-chemical-composition-on-photocatalytic-properties-of-cobalt-ferrite-catalysts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">179</span> Microwave Absorption Properties of Low Density Polyethelene-Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Fazaeli">Reza Fazaeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Eslami-Farsani"> Reza Eslami-Farsani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Targhagh"> Hamid Targhagh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low density polyethylene (LDPE) nanocomposites with 3, 5 and 7 wt. % cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanopowder fabricated with extrusion mixing and followed up by hot press to reach compact samples. The transmission/reflection measurements were carried out with a network analyzer in the frequency range of 8-12 GHz. By increasing the percent of CoFe2O4 nanopowder, reflection loss (S11) increases, while transferring loss (S21) decreases. Reflectivity (R) calculations made using S11 and S21. Increase in percent of CoFe2O4 nanopowder up to 7 wt. % in composite leaded to higher reflectivity amount, and revealed that increasing the percent of CoFe2O4 nanopowder up to 7 wt. % leads to further microwave absorption in 8-12 GHz range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title="nanocomposite">nanocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20ferrite" title=" cobalt ferrite"> cobalt ferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20density%20polyethylene" title=" low density polyethylene"> low density polyethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20absorption" title=" microwave absorption"> microwave absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39612/microwave-absorption-properties-of-low-density-polyethelene-cobalt-ferrite-nanocomposite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">178</span> Prediction of a Nanostructure Called Porphyrin-Like Buckyball, Using Density Functional Theory and Investigating Electro Catalytic Reduction of Co₂ to Co by Cobalt– Porphyrin-Like Buckyball</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Asadpour">Mohammad Asadpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Sadeghi"> Maryam Sadeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Jafari"> Mahmoud Jafari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The transformation of carbon dioxide into fuels and commodity chemicals is considered one of the most attractive methods to meet energy demands and reduce atmospheric CO₂ levels. Cobalt complexes have previously shown high faradaic efficiency in the reduction of CO₂ to CO. In this study, a nanostructure, referred to as a porphyrin-like buckyball, is simulated and analyzed for its electrical properties. The investigation aims to understand the unique characteristics of this material and its potential applications in electronic devices. Through computational simulations and analysis, the electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to CO by Cobalt-porphyrin-like buckyball is explored. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the electrocatalytic properties of this predicted structure, paving the way for further research and development in the field of nanotechnology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porphyrin-like%20buckyball" title="porphyrin-like buckyball">porphyrin-like buckyball</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title=" DFT"> DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title=" nanomaterials"> nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20to%20CO" title=" CO₂ to CO"> CO₂ to CO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186943/prediction-of-a-nanostructure-called-porphyrin-like-buckyball-using-density-functional-theory-and-investigating-electro-catalytic-reduction-of-co2-to-co-by-cobalt-porphyrin-like-buckyball" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">177</span> Selective Solvent Extraction of Co from Ni and Mn through Outer-Sphere Interactions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Korban%20Oosthuizen">Korban Oosthuizen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20C.%20Luckay"> Robert C. Luckay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the growing popularity of electric vehicles and the importance of cobalt as part of the cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, demand for this metal is on the rise. Recycling of the cathode materials by means of solvent extraction is an attractive means of recovering cobalt and easing the pressure on limited natural resources. In this study, a series of straight chain and macrocyclic diamine ligands were developed for the selective recovery of cobalt from the solution containing nickel and manganese by means of solvent extraction. This combination of metals is the major cathode material used in electric vehicle batteries. The ligands can be protonated and function as ion-pairing ligands targeting the anionic [CoCl₄]²⁻, a species which is not observed for Ni or Mn. Selectivity for Co was found to be good at very high chloride concentrations and low pH. Longer chains or larger macrocycles were found to enhance selectivity, and linear chains on the amide side groups also resulted in greater selectivity over the branched groups. The cation of the chloride salt used for adjusting chloride concentrations seems to play a major role in extraction through salting-out effects. The ligands developed in this study show good selectivity for Co over Ni and Mn but require very high chloride concentrations to function. This research does, however, open the door for further investigations into using diamines as solvent extraction ligands for the recovery of cobalt from spent lithium-ion batteries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrometallurgy" title="hydrometallurgy">hydrometallurgy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvent%20extraction" title=" solvent extraction"> solvent extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title=" cobalt"> cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20batteries" title=" lithium-ion batteries"> lithium-ion batteries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178956/selective-solvent-extraction-of-co-from-ni-and-mn-through-outer-sphere-interactions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">176</span> Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Cobalt, Nickel, Lithium, and Manganese from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20K.%20Hardwick">E. K. Hardwick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20B.%20Siwela"> L. B. Siwela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20G.%20Falconer"> J. G. Falconer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20E.%20Mathibela"> M. E. Mathibela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Rolfe"> W. Rolfe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lithium-ion battery (LiB) demand has increased with the advancement in technologies. The applications include electric vehicles, cell phones, laptops, and many more devices. Typical components of the cathodes include lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese. Recycling the spent LiBs is necessary to reduce the ecological footprint of their production and use and to have a secondary source of valuable metals. A hydrometallurgical method was investigated for the recovery of cobalt and nickel from LiB cathodes. The cathodes were leached using a chloride solution. Ion exchange was then used to recover the chloro-complexes of the metals. The aim of the research was to determine the efficiency of a chloride leach, as well as ion exchange operating capacities that can be achieved for LiB recycling, and to establish the optimal operating conditions (ideal pH, temperature, leachate and eluant, flowrate, and reagent concentrations) for the recovery of the cathode metals. It was found that the leaching of the cathodes could be hindered by the formation of refractory metal oxides of cathode components. A reducing agent was necessary to improve the leaching rate and efficiency. Leaching was achieved using various chloride-containing solutions. The chloro-complexes were absorbed by the ion exchange resin and eluted to produce concentrated cobalt, nickel, lithium, and manganese streams. Chromatographic separation of these elements was achieved. Further work is currently underway to determine the optimal operating conditions for the recovery by ion exchange. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title="cobalt">cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20exchange" title=" ion exchange"> ion exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leachate%20formation" title=" leachate formation"> leachate formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20batteries" title=" lithium-ion batteries"> lithium-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manganese" title=" manganese"> manganese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel" title=" nickel"> nickel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150918/hydrometallurgical-recovery-of-cobalt-nickel-lithium-and-manganese-from-spent-lithium-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">175</span> An Experimental Investigation on the Fuel Characteristics of Nano-Aluminium Oxide and Nano-Cobalt Oxide Particles Blended in Diesel Fuel </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Singh">S. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Patel"> P. Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Kachhadiya"> D. Kachhadiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swapnil%20Dharaskar"> Swapnil Dharaskar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research objective is to integrate nanoparticles into fuels- i.e. diesel, biodiesel, biodiesel blended with diesel, plastic derived fuels, etc. to increase the fuel efficiency. The metal oxide nanoparticles will reduce the carbon monoxide emissions by donating oxygen atoms from their lattices to catalyze the combustion reactions and to aid complete combustion; due to this, there will be an increase in the calorific value of the blend (fuel + metal nanoparticles). Aluminium oxide and cobalt oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by sol-gel method. The characterization was done by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The size of the particles was determined by XRD to be 28.6 nm and 28.06 nm for aluminium oxide and cobalt oxide nanoparticles respectively. Different concentration blends- 50, 100, 150 ppm were prepared by adding the required weight of metal oxides in 1 liter of diesel and sonicating for 30 minutes at 500W. The blend properties- calorific value, viscosity, and flash point were determined by bomb calorimeter, Brookfield viscometer and pensky-martin apparatus. For the aluminum oxide blended diesel, there was a maximum increase of 5.544% in the calorific value, but at the same time, there was an increase in the flash point from 43°C to 58.5°C and an increase in the viscosity from 2.45 cP to 3.25 cP. On the other hand, for the cobalt oxide blended diesel there was a maximum increase of 2.012% in the calorific value while the flash point increased from 43°C to 51.5°C and the viscosity increased from 2.45 cP to 2.94 cP. There was a linear increase in the calorific value, viscosity and flash point when the concentration of the metal oxide nanoparticles in the blend was increased. For the 50 ppm Al₂O₃ and 50 ppm Co₃O₄ blend the increasing the calorific value was 1.228 %, and the viscosity changed from 2.45 cP to 2.64 cP and the flash point increased from 43°C to 50.5°C. Clearly the aluminium oxide nanoparticles increase the calorific value but at the cost of flash point and viscosity, thus it is better to use the 50 ppm aluminium oxide, and 50 ppm cobalt oxide blended diesel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20oxide%20nanoparticles" title="aluminium oxide nanoparticles">aluminium oxide nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%20oxide%20nanoparticles" title=" cobalt oxide nanoparticles"> cobalt oxide nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20additives" title=" fuel additives"> fuel additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20characteristics" title=" fuel characteristics"> fuel characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72707/an-experimental-investigation-on-the-fuel-characteristics-of-nano-aluminium-oxide-and-nano-cobalt-oxide-particles-blended-in-diesel-fuel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">174</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Mass Catalysts Based on Cobalt and Molybdenum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassira%20Ouslimani">Nassira Ouslimani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The electronic structure of transition metals gives them many catalytic possibilities in many types of reactions, particularly cobalt and molybdenum. It is in this context that this study is part of the synthesis and characterization of mass catalysts based on cobalt and molybdenum Co1₋xMoO4 (X=0 and X=0.5 and X=1). The two catalysts were prepared by Co-precipitation using ammonia as a precipitating agent and one by precipitation. The samples obtained were analyzed by numerous physic-chemical analysis techniques: ATG-ATD-DSC, DRX-HT, SEM-EDX, and the elemental composition of the catalysts was verified by SAA as well as the FTIR. The ATG-DSC shows a mass loss for all the catalysts of approximately 8%, corresponding to the loss of water and the decomposition of nitrates. The DRX-HT analysis allows the detection of the two CoMoO4 phases with diffraction peaks which increase with the increase in temperature. The results of the FTIR analysis made it possible to highlight the vibration modes of the bonds of the structure of the prepared catalysts. The SEM images of the solids show very different textures with almost homogeneous surfaces with a more regular particle size distribution and a more defined grain shape. The EDX analysis showed the presence of the elements Co, Mo, and O in proportions very close to the nominal proportions. Finally, the actual composition, evaluated by SAA, is close to the theoretical composition fixed during the preparation. This testifies to the good conditions for the preparation of the catalysts by the co-precipitation method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalytic" title="catalytic">catalytic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molybdenum" title=" molybdenum"> molybdenum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coprecipitation" title=" coprecipitation"> coprecipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title=" cobalt"> cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ammonia" title=" ammonia"> ammonia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156522/synthesis-and-characterization-of-mass-catalysts-based-on-cobalt-and-molybdenum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">173</span> Selective Extraction of Couple Nickel(II) / Cobalt(II) by a Series of Schiff Bases in Sulfate Medium, in the Chloroforme-Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Belhadj">N. Belhadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hadj%20Youcef"> M. Hadj Youcef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Benabdallah"> T. Benabdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belbachir%20Ibtissem"> Belbachir Ibtissem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Boceiri"> N. Boceiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work deals with the synthesis, the structural elucidation and the exploration the extracting properties of a series of ortho-hydroxy Schiff base in sulfate medium. After the synthesis and characterization of their structures, the study of their behavior in solution was carried out by pH-metric titration in different media homogeneous and heterogeneous solution. This allowed to explore and to quantify in each of these media, some of their properties in solution such as, their acid-base behavior (determination and comparison of pKa), their distribution powers (determination and comparison of logKd), and their thermodynamic constants (determining ∆H°, ΔS° and ∆G°moy) by optimizing both the temperature and ionic strength. Study of the extraction of nickel (II) and cobalt(II) separately was undertaken in the aqueous-organic system, chloroform-water. Different extraction parameters have been thus optimized such, the pH, the concentration of extractant and the ionic strength, and the extraction constants established in each case. The extracted metal complexes have been isolated and their spatial configurations elucidated. The selective extraction of the couple cobalt (II)/nickel (II) was finally performed by our series of Schiff base in the chloroforme/water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=selective%20extraction" title="selective extraction">selective extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schiff%20base" title=" Schiff base"> Schiff base</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt%28II%29" title=" cobalt(II)"> cobalt(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel%28II%29" title=" nickel(II)"> nickel(II)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43695/selective-extraction-of-couple-nickelii-cobaltii-by-a-series-of-schiff-bases-in-sulfate-medium-in-the-chloroforme-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">172</span> The Improved Biofuel Cell for Electrical Power Generation from Wastewaters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Kilic">M. S. Kilic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Korkut"> S. Korkut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Hazer"> B. Hazer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Newly synthesized Polypropylene-g-Polyethylene glycol polymer was first time used for a compartment-less enzymatic fuel cell. Working electrodes based on Polypropylene-g-Polyethylene glycol were operated as unmediated and mediated system (with ferrocene and gold/cobalt oxide nanoparticles). Glucose oxidase and bilirubin oxidase was selected as anodic and cathodic enzyme, respectively. Glucose was used as fuel in a single-compartment and membrane-less cell. Maximum power density was obtained as 0.65 nW cm-2, 65 nW cm-2, and 23500 nW cm-2 from the unmediated, ferrocene and gold/cobalt oxide modified polymeric film, respectively. Power density was calculated to be ~16000 nW cm-2 for undiluted wastewater sample with gold/cobalt oxide nanoparticles including system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilirubin%20oxidase" title="bilirubin oxidase">bilirubin oxidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20fuel%20cell" title=" enzymatic fuel cell"> enzymatic fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20oxidase" title=" glucose oxidase"> glucose oxidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16725/the-improved-biofuel-cell-for-electrical-power-generation-from-wastewaters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">171</span> Examining of Tool Wear in Cryogenic Machining of Cobalt-Based Haynes 25 Superalloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Sar%C4%B1kaya">Murat Sarıkaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20G%C3%BCll%C3%BC"> Abdulkadir Güllü</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Haynes 25 alloy (also known as L-605 alloy) is cobalt based super alloy which has widely applications such as aerospace industry, turbine and furnace parts, power generators and heat exchangers and petroleum refining components due to its excellent characteristics. However, the workability of this alloy is more difficult compared to normal steels or even stainless. In present work, an experimental investigation was performed under cryogenic cooling to determine cutting tool wear patterns and obtain optimal cutting parameters in turning of cobalt based superalloy Haynes 25. In experiments, uncoated carbide tool was used and cutting speed (V) and feed rate (f) were considered as test parameters. Tool wear (VBmax) were measured for process performance indicators. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the importance of machining parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryogenic%20machining" title="cryogenic machining">cryogenic machining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=difficult-to-cut%20alloy" title=" difficult-to-cut alloy"> difficult-to-cut alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20wear" title=" tool wear"> tool wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turning" title=" turning"> turning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28703/examining-of-tool-wear-in-cryogenic-machining-of-cobalt-based-haynes-25-superalloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">592</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt&page=7">7</a></li> <li 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