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id="toc-Systemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Systemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Systemic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Systemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Signs_and_symptoms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Signs_and_symptoms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Signs and symptoms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Signs_and_symptoms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Causes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Causes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Causes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Causes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Causes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Causes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Risk_factors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Risk_factors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Risk factors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Risk_factors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>COVID-19</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mechanism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mechanism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mechanism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mechanism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diagnosis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diagnosis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Diagnosis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Diagnosis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Diagnosis subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Diagnosis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Differential_diagnosis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Differential_diagnosis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Differential diagnosis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Differential_diagnosis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prevention" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prevention"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Prevention</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prevention-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treatment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treatment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Treatment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Treatment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epidemiology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epidemiology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Epidemiology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epidemiology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-SARS_2003" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SARS_2003"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>SARS 2003</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SARS_2003-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Other animals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fungal infection</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%89_%D9%81%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="عدوى فطرية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عدوى فطرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikozlar" title="Mikozlar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mikozlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3" title="ছত্রাক সংক্রমণ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ছত্রাক সংক্রমণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Мікоз – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мікоз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Мікоз – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мікоз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Гъбички – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гъбички" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micosi" title="Micosi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Micosi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myk%C3%B3za" title="Mykóza – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mykóza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A6rsvampesygdomme" title="Gærsvampesygdomme – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gærsvampesygdomme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mykose" title="Mykose – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mykose" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCkoos" title="Mükoos – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mükoos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micosis" title="Micosis – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Micosis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikozo" title="Mikozo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mikozo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikosi" title="Mikosi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mikosi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86%DB%8C" title="عفونت قارچی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عفونت قارچی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycose" title="Mycose – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mycose" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionfhabht%C3%BA_fungasach" title="Ionfhabhtú fungasach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ionfhabhtú fungasach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EA%B7%A0%EC%A6%9D" title="진균증 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="진균증" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%A6" title="Միկոզ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միկոզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikosis" title="Mikosis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikosis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micosi" title="Micosi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Micosi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%AA" title="פטרת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פטרת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="მიკოზი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მიკოზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Микоздар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Микоздар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Микоздор – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Микоздор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomb%C3%A1s_fert%C5%91z%C3%A9sek" title="Gombás fertőzések – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gombás fertőzések" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="მიკოზი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მიკოზი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikosis" title="Mikosis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mikosis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycose" title="Mycose – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mycose" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%87" title="真菌症 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="真菌症" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikozlar" title="Mikozlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mikozlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grzybica" title="Grzybica – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grzybica" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micose" title="Micose – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Micose" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micoz%C4%83" title="Micoză – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Micoză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Микозы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Микозы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%DA%AA%D8%B4%D9%86" title="فنگس جو انفيڪشن – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="فنگس جو انفيڪشن" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myk%C3%B3za" title="Mykóza – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mykóza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glivna_bolezen" title="Glivna bolezen – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glivna bolezen" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AE%DB%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%95%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="نەخۆشیی کەڕوویی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نەخۆشیی کەڕوویی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mycosis&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycosis">Mycosis</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Disease caused by fungi to animals or humans</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mycoses" redirects here. For the journal, see <a href="/wiki/Mycoses_(journal)" title="Mycoses (journal)"><i>Mycoses</i> (journal)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Mycosis</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">Mycoses,<sup id="cite_ref-John2017_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> fungal disease,<sup id="cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCFungalAbout-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> fungal infection<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">ICD-10</a>CM codes: Mycoses B35-B49 <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg/220px-Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg/330px-Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg/440px-Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Micrograph" title="Micrograph">Micrograph</a> showing a mycosis (<a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">aspergillosis</a>). The <i><a href="/wiki/Aspergillus" title="Aspergillus">Aspergillus</a></i> (which is <a href="/wiki/Spaghetti" title="Spaghetti">spaghetti</a>-like) is seen in the center and surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Inflammatory_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Inflammatory cell">inflammatory cells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Necrosis" title="Necrosis">necrotic</a> debris. <a href="/wiki/H%26E_stain" title="H&E stain">H&E stain</a>.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infectious_Diseases" class="mw-redirect" title="Infectious Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a><sup id="cite_ref-ICD-11_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICD-11-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Types</th><td class="infobox-data">Systemic, superficial, subcutaneous<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Causes</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pathogenic_fungus" title="Pathogenic fungus">Pathogenic fungus</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dermatophytes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dermatophytes">dermatophytes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yeasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeasts">yeasts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mold" title="Mold">molds</a><sup id="cite_ref-Presterl1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Risk_factor" title="Risk factor">Risk factors</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Immunodeficiency" title="Immunodeficiency">Immunodeficiency</a>, cancer treatment, large surface area wounds/burns,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Organ_transplant" class="mw-redirect" title="Organ transplant">organ transplant</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Presterl1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CDCF_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCF-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_diagnosis" title="Medical diagnosis">Diagnostic method</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Based on symptoms, <a href="/wiki/Microbial_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Microbial culture">culture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microscopy" title="Microscopy">microscopic examination</a><sup id="cite_ref-Presterl1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Treatment</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Antifungal" title="Antifungal">Antifungals</a><sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Common<sup id="cite_ref-Rai2020_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rai2020-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data">1.7 million (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-Kainz2020_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kainz2020-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Fungal infection</b>, also known as <b>mycosis</b>, is <a href="/wiki/Infection" title="Infection">a disease</a> caused by <a href="/wiki/Pathogenic_fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathogenic fungi">fungi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ICD-11_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICD-11-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rich2012_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rich2012-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Different types are traditionally divided according to the part of the body affected: superficial, <a href="/wiki/Subcutaneous_tissue" title="Subcutaneous tissue">subcutaneous</a>, and systemic.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Presterl1_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Superficial fungal infections include common <a href="/wiki/Dermatophytoses" class="mw-redirect" title="Dermatophytoses">tinea of the skin</a>, such as tinea of the <a href="/wiki/Tinea_corporis" title="Tinea corporis">body</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinea_cruris" title="Tinea cruris">groin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinea_manuum" title="Tinea manuum">hands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinea_pedis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinea pedis">feet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tinea_barbae" title="Tinea barbae">beard</a>, and yeast infections such as <a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_versicolor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pityriasis versicolor">pityriasis versicolor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subcutaneous types include <a href="/wiki/Eumycetoma" title="Eumycetoma">eumycetoma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chromoblastomycosis" title="Chromoblastomycosis">chromoblastomycosis</a>, which generally affect tissues in and beneath the skin.<sup id="cite_ref-John2017_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Systemic fungal infections are more serious and include <a href="/wiki/Cryptococcosis" title="Cryptococcosis">cryptococcosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">histoplasmosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pneumocystis_pneumonia" title="Pneumocystis pneumonia">pneumocystis pneumonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">aspergillosis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mucormycosis" title="Mucormycosis">mucormycosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Signs and symptoms range widely.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is usually a rash with superficial infection.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCFungalAbout-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fungal infection within the skin or under the skin may present with a <a href="/wiki/Nodule_(medicine)" title="Nodule (medicine)">lump</a> and skin changes.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">Pneumonia</a>-like symptoms or <a href="/wiki/Meningitis" title="Meningitis">meningitis</a> may occur with a deeper or systemic infection.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCFungalAbout-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fungi are everywhere, but only some cause disease.<sup id="cite_ref-Rich2012_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rich2012-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fungal infection occurs after <a href="/wiki/Spore" title="Spore">spores</a> are either <a href="/wiki/Inhalation" title="Inhalation">breathed in</a>, come into contact with skin or enter the body through the skin such as via a <a href="/wiki/Laceration" class="mw-redirect" title="Laceration">cut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wound" title="Wound">wound</a> or <a href="/wiki/Drug_misuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug misuse">injection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is more likely to occur in people with a <a href="/wiki/Immunodeficiency" title="Immunodeficiency">weak immune system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCwho_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCwho-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This includes people with illnesses such as <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a>, and people taking medicines such as <a href="/wiki/Corticosteroids" class="mw-redirect" title="Corticosteroids">steroids</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chemotherapy" title="Chemotherapy">cancer treatments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCwho_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCwho-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pathogenic_fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathogenic fungi">Fungi</a> that cause infections in people include <a href="/wiki/Yeast" title="Yeast">yeasts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mold" title="Mold">molds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dimorphic_fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimorphic fungi">fungi that are able to exist as both a mold and yeast</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The yeast <i><a href="/wiki/Candida_albicans" title="Candida albicans">Candida albicans</a></i> can live in people without producing symptoms, and is able to cause both superficial <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">mild candidiasis</a> in healthy people, such as <a href="/wiki/Oral_candidiasis" title="Oral candidiasis">oral thrush</a> or <a href="/wiki/Vaginal_yeast_infection" title="Vaginal yeast infection">vaginal yeast infection</a>, and severe <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis#Invasive_infection" title="Candidiasis">systemic candidiasis</a> in those who cannot fight infection themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Diagnosis is generally based on signs and symptoms, <a href="/wiki/Microscopy" title="Microscopy">microscopy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microbial_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Microbial culture">culture</a>, sometimes requiring a <a href="/wiki/Biopsy" title="Biopsy">biopsy</a> and the aid of <a href="/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging">medical imaging</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Presterl1_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some superficial fungal infections of the skin can appear similar to other skin conditions such as <a href="/wiki/Eczema" class="mw-redirect" title="Eczema">eczema</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">lichen planus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Treatment is generally performed using <a href="/wiki/Antifungal" title="Antifungal">antifungal medicines</a>, usually in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Topical_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Topical drug">cream</a> or <a href="/wiki/Systemic_administration" title="Systemic administration">by mouth or injection</a>, depending on the specific infection and its extent.<sup id="cite_ref-Presterl3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some require <a href="/wiki/Surgical_debridement" class="mw-redirect" title="Surgical debridement">surgically cutting out infected tissue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fungal infections have a world-wide distribution and are common, affecting more than one billion people every year.<sup id="cite_ref-Rai2020_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rai2020-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An estimated 1.7 million deaths from fungal disease were reported in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-Kainz2020_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kainz2020-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several, including <a href="/wiki/Sporotrichosis" title="Sporotrichosis">sporotrichosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chromoblastomycosis" title="Chromoblastomycosis">chromoblastomycosis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mycetoma" title="Mycetoma">mycetoma</a> are <a href="/wiki/Neglected_tropical_diseases" title="Neglected tropical diseases">neglected</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Queiroz2017_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Queiroz2017-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A wide range of fungal infections occur in other animals, and some can be transmitted from animals to people.<sup id="cite_ref-Sey2018_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sey2018-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mycoses are traditionally divided into <a href="/wiki/Keratin" title="Keratin">superficial</a>, subcutaneous, or systemic, where infection is deep, more widespread and involving internal body organs.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rai2020_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rai2020-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can affect the <a href="/wiki/Onychomycosis" title="Onychomycosis">nails</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vaginal_thrush" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaginal thrush">vagina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinea_corporis" title="Tinea corporis">skin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oral_thrush" class="mw-redirect" title="Oral thrush">mouth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCTypes_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCTypes-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some types such as <a href="/wiki/Blastomycosis" title="Blastomycosis">blastomycosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cryptococcus" title="Cryptococcus">cryptococcus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis" title="Coccidioidomycosis">coccidioidomycosis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">histoplasmosis</a>, affect people who live in or visit certain parts of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCTypes_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCTypes-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others such as <a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">aspergillosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pneumocystis_pneumonia" title="Pneumocystis pneumonia">pneumocystis pneumonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">candidiasis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mucormycosis" title="Mucormycosis">mucormycosis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talaromycosis" title="Talaromycosis">talaromycosis</a>, tend to affect people who are unable to fight infection themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCTypes_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCTypes-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mycoses might not always conform strictly to the three divisions of superficial, subcutaneous and systemic.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some superficial fungal infections can cause systemic infections in people who are immunocompromised.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some subcutaneous fungal infections can invade into deeper structures, resulting in systemic disease.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Candida_albicans" title="Candida albicans">Candida albicans</a></i> can live in people without producing symptoms, and is able to cause both <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">mild candidiasis</a> in healthy people and severe <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis#Invasive_infection" title="Candidiasis">invasive candidiasis</a> in those who <a href="/wiki/Immunodeficiency" title="Immunodeficiency">cannot fight infection themselves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ICD-11_codes">ICD-11 codes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: ICD-11 codes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/ICD-11" title="ICD-11">ICD-11</a> codes include:<sup id="cite_ref-ICD-11_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICD-11-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 15em"> <ul><li>1F20 <a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">Aspergillosis</a></li> <li>1F21 <a href="/wiki/Basidiobolomycosis" title="Basidiobolomycosis">Basidiobolomycosis</a></li> <li>1F22 <a href="/wiki/Blastomycosis" title="Blastomycosis">Blastomycosis</a></li> <li>1F23 <a href="/wiki/Candidosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Candidosis">Candidosis</a></li> <li>1F24 <a href="/wiki/Chromoblastomycosis" title="Chromoblastomycosis">Chromoblastomycosis</a></li> <li>1F25 <a href="/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis" title="Coccidioidomycosis">Coccidioidomycosis</a></li> <li>1F26 <a href="/wiki/Conidiobolomycosis" title="Conidiobolomycosis">Conidiobolomycosis</a></li> <li>1F27 <a href="/wiki/Cryptococcosis" title="Cryptococcosis">Cryptococcosis</a></li> <li>1F28 <a href="/wiki/Dermatophytosis" title="Dermatophytosis">Dermatophytosis</a></li> <li>1F29 <a href="/wiki/Eumycetoma" title="Eumycetoma">Eumycetoma</a></li> <li>1F2A <a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">Histoplasmosis</a></li> <li>1F2B <a href="/wiki/Lobomycosis" title="Lobomycosis">Lobomycosis</a></li> <li>1F2C <a href="/wiki/Mucormycosis" title="Mucormycosis">Mucormycosis</a></li> <li>1F2D Non-dermatophyte superficial dermatomycoses</li> <li>1F2E <a href="/wiki/Paracoccidioidomycosis" title="Paracoccidioidomycosis">Paracoccidioidomycosis</a></li> <li>1F2F <a href="/wiki/Phaeohyphomycosis" title="Phaeohyphomycosis">Phaeohyphomycosis</a></li> <li>1F2G <a href="/wiki/Pneumocystosis" title="Pneumocystosis">Pneumocystosis</a></li> <li>1F2H <a href="/wiki/Scedosporiosis" title="Scedosporiosis">Scedosporiosis</a></li> <li>1F2J <a href="/wiki/Sporotrichosis" title="Sporotrichosis">Sporotrichosis</a></li> <li>1F2K <a href="/wiki/Talaromycosis" title="Talaromycosis">Talaromycosis</a></li> <li>1F2L <a href="/wiki/Emmonsiosis" title="Emmonsiosis">Emmonsiosis</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Superficial_mycoses">Superficial mycoses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Superficial mycoses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Superficial mycoses include <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">candidiasis</a> in healthy people, common <a href="/wiki/Dermatophytoses" class="mw-redirect" title="Dermatophytoses">tinea of the skin</a>, such as tinea of the <a href="/wiki/Tinea_corporis" title="Tinea corporis">body</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinea_cruris" title="Tinea cruris">groin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinea_manuum" title="Tinea manuum">hands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinea_pedis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinea pedis">feet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tinea_barbae" title="Tinea barbae">beard</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Malassezia" title="Malassezia">malassezia</a></i> infections such as <a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_versicolor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pityriasis versicolor">pityriasis versicolor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_tongue_infected_with_oral_candidiasis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oral candidiasis"><img alt="Oral candidiasis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Human_tongue_infected_with_oral_candidiasis.jpg/250px-Human_tongue_infected_with_oral_candidiasis.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Human_tongue_infected_with_oral_candidiasis.jpg/330px-Human_tongue_infected_with_oral_candidiasis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1934" data-file-height="2513" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Oral candidiasis</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dermatophytosis_20190815-02ASD.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tinea corporis"><img alt="Tinea corporis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Dermatophytosis_20190815-02ASD.jpg/250px-Dermatophytosis_20190815-02ASD.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Dermatophytosis_20190815-02ASD.jpg/330px-Dermatophytosis_20190815-02ASD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Dermatophytosis_20190815-02ASD.jpg/500px-Dermatophytosis_20190815-02ASD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tinea corporis</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pityriasis_versicolor_frontal_retouche.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pityriasis versicolor"><img alt="Pityriasis versicolor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Pityriasis_versicolor_frontal_retouche.jpg/250px-Pityriasis_versicolor_frontal_retouche.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Pityriasis_versicolor_frontal_retouche.jpg/330px-Pityriasis_versicolor_frontal_retouche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Pityriasis_versicolor_frontal_retouche.jpg/500px-Pityriasis_versicolor_frontal_retouche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1414" data-file-height="1129" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pityriasis versicolor</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toefungus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Onychomycosis"><img alt="Onychomycosis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Toefungus.jpg/150px-Toefungus.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Toefungus.jpg/225px-Toefungus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Toefungus.jpg/300px-Toefungus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Onychomycosis" title="Onychomycosis">Onychomycosis</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subcutaneous">Subcutaneous</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Subcutaneous"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madura_foot..JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Madura_foot..JPG/220px-Madura_foot..JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Madura_foot..JPG/330px-Madura_foot..JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Madura_foot..JPG/440px-Madura_foot..JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eumycetoma" title="Eumycetoma">Eumycetoma</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Subcutaneous fungal infections include <a href="/wiki/Sporotrichosis" title="Sporotrichosis">sporotrichosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chromoblastomycosis" title="Chromoblastomycosis">chromoblastomycosis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eumycetoma" title="Eumycetoma">eumycetoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Systemic">Systemic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Systemic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Systemic fungal infections include <a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">histoplasmosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cryptococcosis" title="Cryptococcosis">cryptococcosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis" title="Coccidioidomycosis">coccidioidomycosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blastomycosis" title="Blastomycosis">blastomycosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mucormycosis" title="Mucormycosis">mucormycosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">aspergillosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pneumocystis_pneumonia" title="Pneumocystis pneumonia">pneumocystis pneumonia</a> and systemic candidiasis.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Systemic mycoses due to primary pathogens originate normally in the <a href="/wiki/Lung" title="Lung">lungs</a> and may spread to other organ systems. Organisms that cause systemic mycoses are inherently <a href="/wiki/Virulent" class="mw-redirect" title="Virulent">virulent</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (April 2021)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Systemic mycoses due to opportunistic pathogens are infections of people with immune deficiencies who would otherwise not be infected. Examples of immunocompromised conditions include <a href="/wiki/AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a>, alteration of normal flora by antibiotics, <a href="/wiki/Immunosuppressive_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunosuppressive therapy">immunosuppressive therapy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Metastatic_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Metastatic cancer">metastatic cancer</a>. Examples of opportunistic mycoses include <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">Candidiasis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cryptococcosis" title="Cryptococcosis">Cryptococcosis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">Aspergillosis</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Signs_and_symptoms">Signs and symptoms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Signs and symptoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most common mild mycoses often present with a rash.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCFungalAbout-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Infections within the skin or under the skin may present with a <a href="/wiki/Nodule_(medicine)" title="Nodule (medicine)">lump</a> and skin changes.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Less common deeper fungal infections may present with pneumonia like symptoms or <a href="/wiki/Meningitis" title="Meningitis">meningitis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCFungalAbout-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mycoses are caused by certain <a href="/wiki/Pathogenic_fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathogenic fungi">fungi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Yeast" title="Yeast">yeasts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mold" title="Mold">molds</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Dimorphic_fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimorphic fungi">fungi that can exist as both a mold and yeast</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Presterl1_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are everywhere and infection occurs after spores are either <a href="/wiki/Inhalation" title="Inhalation">breathed in</a>, come into contact with skin or enter the body through the skin such as via a cut, wound or injection.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Candida albicans</i> is the most common cause of fungal infection in people, particularly as oral or vaginal thrush, often following taking antibiotics.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Risk_factors">Risk factors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Risk factors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fungal infections are more likely in people with <a href="/wiki/Immunodeficiency" title="Immunodeficiency">weak immune systems</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCwho_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCwho-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This includes people with illnesses such as HIV/AIDS, and people taking medicines such as <a href="/wiki/Corticosteroids" class="mw-redirect" title="Corticosteroids">steroids</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chemotherapy" title="Chemotherapy">cancer treatments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCwho_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCwho-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People with <a href="/wiki/Diabetes" title="Diabetes">diabetes</a> also tend to develop fungal infections.<sup id="cite_ref-NHS_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHS-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Very young and very old people, also, are groups at risk.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Individuals being treated with <a href="/wiki/Antibiotic" title="Antibiotic">antibiotics</a> are at higher risk of fungal infections.<sup id="cite_ref-Acute_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Acute-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Children whose <a href="/wiki/Immune_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Immune systems">immune systems</a> are not functioning properly (such as children with cancer) are at risk of invasive fungal infections.<sup id="cite_ref-Blyth_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blyth-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COVID-19">COVID-19</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: COVID-19"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> some fungal infections have been associated with <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCF_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCF-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hoenigl_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoenigl-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gangneux2020_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gangneux2020-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fungal infections can mimic COVID-19, occur at the same time as COVID-19 and more serious fungal infections can <a href="/wiki/COVID-19#Prognosis_and_risk_factors" title="COVID-19">complicate</a> COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCF_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCF-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A fungal infection may occur after <a href="/wiki/Antibiotics" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibiotics">antibiotics</a> for a bacterial infection which has occurred following COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-Saxena_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saxena-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most common serious fungal infections in people with COVID-19 include <a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">aspergillosis</a> and invasive <a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">candidiasis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> COVID-19–associated <a href="/wiki/Mucormycosis" title="Mucormycosis">mucormycosis</a> is generally less common, but in 2021 was noted to be significantly more prevalent in India.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCF_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCF-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Qu2021_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qu2021-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mechanism">Mechanism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Mechanism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fungal infections occur after spores are either <a href="/wiki/Inhalation" title="Inhalation">breathed in</a>, come into contact with skin or enter the body through a wound.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mycology_algorithm.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mycology_algorithm.png/220px-Mycology_algorithm.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mycology_algorithm.png/330px-Mycology_algorithm.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mycology_algorithm.png/440px-Mycology_algorithm.png 2x" data-file-width="2889" data-file-height="2477" /></a><figcaption>Workup algorithm of fungal infection at a microbiology lab at a <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> community hospital.</figcaption></figure> <p>Diagnosis is generally by signs and symptoms, <a href="/wiki/Microscopy" title="Microscopy">microscopy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biopsy" title="Biopsy">biopsy</a>, culture and sometimes with the aid of <a href="/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging">medical imaging</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Presterl1_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Differential_diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Differential diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some tinea and candidiasis infections of the skin can appear similar to <a href="/wiki/Eczema" class="mw-redirect" title="Eczema">eczema</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">lichen planus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pityriasis versicolor can look like seborrheic dermatitis, <a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_rosea" title="Pityriasis rosea">pityriasis rosea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_alba" title="Pityriasis alba">pityriasis alba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vitiligo" title="Vitiligo">vitiligo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some fungal infections such as <a href="/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis" title="Coccidioidomycosis">coccidioidomycosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">histoplasmosis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Blastomycosis" title="Blastomycosis">blastomycosis</a> can present with <a href="/wiki/Fever" title="Fever">fever</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cough" title="Cough">cough</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shortness_of_breath" title="Shortness of breath">shortness of breath</a>, thereby resembling <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCCOVID_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCCOVID-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevention">Prevention</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Prevention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Keeping the skin clean and dry, as well as maintaining good <a href="/wiki/Hygiene" title="Hygiene">hygiene</a>, will help larger topical mycoses. Because some fungal infections are contagious, it is important to wash hands after touching other people or animals. Sports clothing should also be washed after use.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (June 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treatment">Treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Treatment depends on the type of fungal infection, and usually requires <a href="/wiki/Topical_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Topical drug">topical</a> or <a href="/wiki/Systemic_administration" title="Systemic administration">systemic</a> <a href="/wiki/Antifungal" title="Antifungal">antifungal medicines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Presterl3_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presterl3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pneumocystosis" title="Pneumocystosis">Pneumocystosis</a> that does not respond to anti-fungals is treated with <a href="/wiki/Co-trimoxazole" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-trimoxazole">co-trimoxazole</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC/DPDx_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC/DPDx-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sometimes, infected tissue needs to be <a href="/wiki/Surgical_debridement" class="mw-redirect" title="Surgical debridement">surgically cut away</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Epidemiology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Worldwide, every year fungal infections affect more than one billion people.<sup id="cite_ref-Rai2020_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rai2020-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An estimated 1.6 million deaths from fungal disease were reported in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-deaths_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deaths-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The figure has been rising, with an estimated 1.7 million deaths from fungal disease reported in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-Kainz2020_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kainz2020-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fungal infections also constitute a significant cause of <a href="/wiki/Morbidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Morbidity">illness</a> and mortality in children.<sup id="cite_ref-Sehgal_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sehgal-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Global_Action_Fund_for_Fungal_Infections" title="Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections">Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections</a>, every year there are over 10 million cases of fungal asthma, around 3 million cases of long-term aspergillosis of lungs, 1 million cases of blindness due to <a href="/wiki/Fungal_keratitis" title="Fungal keratitis">fungal keratitis</a>, more than 200,000 cases of meningitis due to cryptococcus, 700,000 cases of invasive candidiasis, 500,000 cases of pneumocystosis of lungs, 250,000 cases of invasive aspergillosis, and 100,000 cases of histoplasmosis.<sup id="cite_ref-Rod2020_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rod2020-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 500BC, an apparent account of ulcers in the mouth by <a href="/wiki/Hippocrates" title="Hippocrates">Hippocrates</a> may have been thrush.<sup id="cite_ref-Homei2013_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Homei2013-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hungarian microscopist based in Paris <a href="/wiki/David_Gruby" title="David Gruby">David Gruby</a> first reported that human disease could be caused by fungi in the early 1840s.<sup id="cite_ref-Homei2013_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Homei2013-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SARS_2003">SARS 2003</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: SARS 2003"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/2002%E2%80%932004_SARS_outbreak" title="2002–2004 SARS outbreak">2003 SARS outbreak</a>, fungal infections were reported in 14.8–33% of people affected by SARS, and it was the cause of death in 25–73.7% of people with SARS.<sup id="cite_ref-Song2020_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song2020-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_animals">Other animals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Other animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A wide range of fungal infections occur in other animals, and some can be transmitted from animals to people, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Microsporum_canis" title="Microsporum canis">Microsporum canis</a></i> from cats.<sup id="cite_ref-Sey2018_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sey2018-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fungal_infection_in_plants#Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungal infection in plants">Fungal infection in plants § Fungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actinomycosis" title="Actinomycosis">Actinomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_and_infectious_diseases" title="Climate change and infectious diseases">Climate change and infectious diseases</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungal_infection&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-John2017-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-John2017_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-John2017_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJohnstone2017" class="citation book cs1">Johnstone RB (2017). "25. Mycoses and Algal infections". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NTE_DAAAQBAJ"><i>Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials</i></a> (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. <span class="nowrap">438–</span>465. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-6830-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-6830-0"><bdi>978-0-7020-6830-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=25.+Mycoses+and+Algal+infections&rft.btitle=Weedon%27s+Skin+Pathology+Essentials&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E438-%3C%2Fspan%3E465&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-7020-6830-0&rft.aulast=Johnstone&rft.aufirst=RB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNTE_DAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFungal+infection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDCFungalAbout-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CDCFungalAbout_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/index.html">"Fungal Diseases Homepage | CDC"</a>. <i>www.cdc.gov</i>. 29 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cdc.gov&rft.atitle=Fungal+Diseases+Homepage+%7C+CDC&rft.date=2021-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Ffungal%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFungal+infection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kumar2020-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumar2020_3-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarlowIrvingMoss2020" class="citation book cs1">Barlow G, Irving WL, Moss PJ (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sl3sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA559">"20. Infectious diseases"</a>. In Feather A, Randall D, Waterhouse M (eds.). <i>Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine</i> (10th ed.). Elsevier. pp. <span class="nowrap">559–</span>563. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-7870-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-7870-5"><bdi>978-0-7020-7870-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=20.+Infectious+diseases&rft.btitle=Kumar+and+Clark%27s+Clinical+Medicine&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E559-%3C%2Fspan%3E563&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0-7020-7870-5&rft.aulast=Barlow&rft.aufirst=G&rft.au=Irving%2C+WL&rft.au=Moss%2C+PJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsl3sDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA559&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFungal+infection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFICD-10CM" class="citation book cs1">ICD-10CM. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B35-B49"><i>mycoses B35-B49</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=mycoses+B35-B49&rft.au=ICD-10CM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icd10data.com%2FICD10CM%2FCodes%2FA00-B99%2FB35-B49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFungal+infection" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICD-11-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ICD-11_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICD-11_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICD-11_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f1939815950">"ICD-11 - ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics"</a>. <i>icd.who.int</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=icd.who.int&rft.atitle=ICD-11+-+ICD-11+for+Mortality+and+Morbidity+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ficd.who.int%2Fbrowse11%2Fl-m%2Fen%23%2Fhttp%253a%252f%252fid.who.int%252ficd%252fentity%252f1939815950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFungal+infection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Presterl1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Presterl1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presterl1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presterl1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presterl1_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presterl1_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presterl1_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presterl1_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWillinger2019" class="citation book cs1">Willinger B (2019). 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Germany: Springer. pp. <span class="nowrap">3–</span>19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-92299-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-92299-7"><bdi>978-3-319-92299-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1.+What+is+the+target%3F+Clinical+mycology+and+diagnostics&rft.btitle=Clinically+Relevant+Mycoses%3A+A+Practical+Approach&rft.place=Germany&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E3-%3C%2Fspan%3E19&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-3-319-92299-7&rft.aulast=Willinger&rft.aufirst=B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-nSADwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFungal+infection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kutzner2021-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kutzner2021_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKutznerKempfFeitSangueza2021" class="citation book cs1">Kutzner H, Kempf W, Feit J, Sangueza O (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M30REAAAQBAJ&pg=PA77">"2. 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href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=110">110</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=118.99">118.99</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009181">D009181</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb28821.htm">28821</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Infectious_disease_and_microbiology82" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse 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title="Mycosis">fungi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasitology" title="Parasitology">Parasitology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protozoa" title="Protozoa">protozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helminths" class="mw-redirect" title="Helminths">helminths</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_entomology" title="Medical entomology">Entomology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ectoparasite" class="mw-redirect" title="Ectoparasite">ectoparasites</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fungal_infection_and_mesomycetozoea496" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mycosis#Superficial_mycoses" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycosis">Superficial</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Mycosis#Cutaneous_mycoses" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycosis">cutaneous</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Dermatomycosis" title="Dermatomycosis">dermatomycosis</a>):<br /> <a href="/wiki/Tinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinea">Tinea</a> = <a href="/wiki/Human_skin" title="Human skin">skin</a>;<br /><a href="/wiki/Piedra" title="Piedra">Piedra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exothrix" title="Exothrix">exothrix</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Endothrix" title="Endothrix">endothrix</a>) = <a href="/wiki/Hair" title="Hair">hair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ascomycota" title="Ascomycota">Ascomycota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dermatophyte" title="Dermatophyte">Dermatophyte</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Dermatophytosis" title="Dermatophytosis">Dermatophytosis</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_barbae" title="Tinea barbae">Tinea barbae</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tinea_capitis" title="Tinea capitis">tinea capitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerion" title="Kerion">Kerion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_corporis" title="Tinea corporis">Tinea corporis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dermatophytosis" title="Dermatophytosis">Ringworm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatophytid" title="Dermatophytid">Dermatophytids</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_cruris" title="Tinea cruris">Tinea cruris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_manuum" title="Tinea manuum">Tinea manuum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athlete%27s_foot" title="Athlete's foot">Tinea pedis (athlete's foot)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychomycosis" title="Onychomycosis">Tinea unguium/onychomycosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_superficial_onychomycosis" title="White superficial onychomycosis">White superficial onychomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distal_subungual_onychomycosis" title="Distal subungual onychomycosis">Distal subungual onychomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proximal_subungual_onychomycosis" title="Proximal subungual onychomycosis">Proximal subungual onychomycosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_corporis_gladiatorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinea corporis gladiatorum">Tinea corporis gladiatorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_faciei" title="Tinea faciei">Tinea faciei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_imbricata" title="Tinea imbricata">Tinea imbricata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_incognito" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinea incognito">Tinea incognito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Favus" title="Favus">Favus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By organism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Epidermophyton_floccosum" title="Epidermophyton floccosum">Epidermophyton floccosum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microsporum_canis" title="Microsporum canis">Microsporum canis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microsporum_audouinii" title="Microsporum audouinii">Microsporum audouinii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichophyton_interdigitale" title="Trichophyton interdigitale">Trichophyton interdigitale/mentagrophytes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichophyton_tonsurans" title="Trichophyton tonsurans">Trichophyton tonsurans</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichophyton" title="Trichophyton">Trichophyton schoenleini</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichophyton_rubrum" title="Trichophyton rubrum">Trichophyton rubrum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichophyton_verrucosum" title="Trichophyton verrucosum">Trichophyton verrucosum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hortaea_werneckii" title="Hortaea werneckii">Hortaea werneckii</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_nigra" title="Tinea nigra">Tinea nigra</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piedraia_hortae" title="Piedraia hortae">Piedraia hortae</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_piedra" class="mw-redirect" title="Black piedra">Black piedra</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Basidiomycota" title="Basidiomycota">Basidiomycota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Malassezia" title="Malassezia">Malassezia furfur</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_versicolor" title="Tinea versicolor">Tinea versicolor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malassezia_folliculitis" title="Malassezia folliculitis">Malassezia folliculitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichosporon" title="Trichosporon">Trichosporon</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_piedra" title="White piedra">White piedra</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mycosis#Subcutaneous_mycoses" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycosis">Subcutaneous</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Mycosis#Systemic_mycoses_due_to_primary_pathogens" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycosis">systemic</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Mycosis#Systemic_mycoses_due_to_opportunistic_pathogens" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycosis">opportunistic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ascomycota" title="Ascomycota">Ascomycota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dimorphic_fungus" title="Dimorphic fungus">Dimorphic</a><br />(yeast+mold)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Onygenales" title="Onygenales">Onygenales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Coccidioides_immitis" title="Coccidioides immitis">Coccidioides immitis</a>/<a href="/wiki/Coccidioides_posadasii" title="Coccidioides posadasii">Coccidioides posadasii</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis" title="Coccidioidomycosis">Coccidioidomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disseminated_coccidioidomycosis" title="Disseminated coccidioidomycosis">Disseminated coccidioidomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_cutaneous_coccidioidomycosis" title="Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis">Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis</a>. <a href="/wiki/Primary_pulmonary_coccidioidomycosis" title="Primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis">Primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Histoplasma_capsulatum" title="Histoplasma capsulatum">Histoplasma capsulatum</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">Histoplasmosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_cutaneous_histoplasmosis" title="Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis">Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_pulmonary_histoplasmosis" title="Primary pulmonary histoplasmosis">Primary pulmonary histoplasmosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_disseminated_histoplasmosis" title="Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis">Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Histoplasma_duboisii" title="Histoplasma duboisii">Histoplasma duboisii</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_histoplasmosis" title="African histoplasmosis">African histoplasmosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lacazia" title="Lacazia">Lacazia loboi</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lobomycosis" title="Lobomycosis">Lobomycosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paracoccidioides_brasiliensis" title="Paracoccidioides brasiliensis">Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paracoccidioidomycosis" title="Paracoccidioidomycosis">Paracoccidioidomycosis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blastomyces_dermatitidis" title="Blastomyces dermatitidis">Blastomyces dermatitidis</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blastomycosis" title="Blastomycosis">Blastomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blastomycosis" title="Blastomycosis">North American blastomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracoccidioidomycosis" title="Paracoccidioidomycosis">South American blastomycosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sporothrix_schenckii" title="Sporothrix schenckii">Sporothrix schenckii</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sporotrichosis" title="Sporotrichosis">Sporotrichosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Talaromyces_marneffei" title="Talaromyces marneffei">Talaromyces marneffei</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Talaromycosis" title="Talaromycosis">Talaromycosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scedosporiosis" title="Scedosporiosis">Scedosporiosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmonsiosis" title="Emmonsiosis">Emmonsiosis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emmonsia_parva" title="Emmonsia parva">Emmonsia parva</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adiaspiromycosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adiaspiromycosis (page does not exist)">Adiaspiromycosis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yeast" title="Yeast">Yeast</a>-like</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Candida_albicans" title="Candida albicans">Candida albicans</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">Candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_candidiasis" title="Oral candidiasis">Oral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esophageal_candidiasis" title="Esophageal candidiasis">Esophageal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidal_vulvovaginitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Candidal vulvovaginitis">Vulvovaginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_mucocutaneous_candidiasis" title="Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis">Chronic mucocutaneous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antibiotic_candidiasis" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibiotic candidiasis">Antibiotic candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidal_intertrigo" title="Candidal intertrigo">Candidal intertrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidal_onychomycosis" title="Candidal onychomycosis">Candidal onychomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paronychia" title="Paronychia">Candidal paronychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidid" title="Candidid">Candidid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaper_candidiasis" class="mw-redirect" title="Diaper candidiasis">Diaper candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_cutaneous_candidiasis" title="Congenital cutaneous candidiasis">Congenital cutaneous candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perianal_candidiasis" class="mw-redirect" title="Perianal candidiasis">Perianal candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systemic_candidiasis" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic candidiasis">Systemic candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erosio_interdigitalis_blastomycetica" title="Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica">Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Candida_auris" title="Candida auris">C. auris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Candida_glabrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Candida glabrata">C. glabrata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Candida_lusitaniae" class="mw-redirect" title="Candida lusitaniae">C. lusitaniae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Candida_tropicalis" title="Candida tropicalis">C. tropicalis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pneumocystis_jirovecii" title="Pneumocystis jirovecii">Pneumocystis jirovecii</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pneumocystosis" title="Pneumocystosis">Pneumocystosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumocystis_pneumonia" title="Pneumocystis pneumonia">Pneumocystis pneumonia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mold_(fungus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mold (fungus)">Mold</a>-like</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aspergillus" title="Aspergillus">Aspergillus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aspergillosis" title="Aspergillosis">Aspergillosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspergilloma" title="Aspergilloma">Aspergilloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis" title="Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis">Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_cutaneous_aspergillosis" title="Primary cutaneous aspergillosis">Primary cutaneous aspergillosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Exophiala_jeanselmei" title="Exophiala jeanselmei">Exophiala jeanselmei</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eumycetoma" title="Eumycetoma">Eumycetoma</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fonsecaea_pedrosoi" title="Fonsecaea pedrosoi">Fonsecaea pedrosoi</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fonsecaea_compacta" title="Fonsecaea compacta">Fonsecaea compacta</a>/<a href="/wiki/Phialophora_verrucosa" title="Phialophora verrucosa">Phialophora verrucosa</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromoblastomycosis" title="Chromoblastomycosis">Chromoblastomycosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geotrichum_candidum" title="Geotrichum candidum">Geotrichum candidum</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geotrichosis" title="Geotrichosis">Geotrichosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudallescheria_boydii" title="Pseudallescheria boydii">Pseudallescheria boydii</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pseudallescheria_boydii" title="Pseudallescheria boydii">Allescheriasis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Basidiomycota" title="Basidiomycota">Basidiomycota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryptococcus_neoformans" title="Cryptococcus neoformans">Cryptococcus neoformans</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cryptococcosis" title="Cryptococcosis">Cryptococcosis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichosporon" title="Trichosporon">Trichosporon</a></i> spp</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichosporonosis" title="Trichosporonosis">Trichosporonosis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zygomycota" title="Zygomycota">Zygomycota</a><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Zygomycosis" title="Zygomycosis">Zygomycosis</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mucorales" title="Mucorales">Mucorales</a><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Mucormycosis" title="Mucormycosis">Mucormycosis</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhizopus_oryzae" title="Rhizopus oryzae">Rhizopus oryzae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mucor_indicus" title="Mucor indicus">Mucor indicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lichtheimia_corymbifera" title="Lichtheimia corymbifera">Lichtheimia corymbifera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Syncephalastrum_racemosum" title="Syncephalastrum racemosum">Syncephalastrum racemosum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apophysomyces_variabilis" title="Apophysomyces variabilis">Apophysomyces variabilis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Entomophthorales" title="Entomophthorales">Entomophthorales</a><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Entomophthoramycosis" title="Entomophthoramycosis">Entomophthoramycosis</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Basidiobolus_ranarum" title="Basidiobolus ranarum">Basidiobolus ranarum</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basidiobolomycosis" title="Basidiobolomycosis">Basidiobolomycosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conidiobolus_coronatus" title="Conidiobolus coronatus">Conidiobolus coronatus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Conidiobolus_incongruus" title="Conidiobolus incongruus">Conidiobolus incongruus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conidiobolomycosis" title="Conidiobolomycosis">Conidiobolomycosis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsporidia" title="Microsporidia">Microsporidia</a><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Microsporidiosis" title="Microsporidiosis">Microsporidiosis</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Enterocytozoon_bieneusi" title="Enterocytozoon bieneusi">Enterocytozoon bieneusi</a>/<a href="/wiki/Encephalitozoon_intestinalis" title="Encephalitozoon intestinalis">Encephalitozoon intestinalis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mesomycetozoea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesomycetozoea">Mesomycetozoea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhinosporidium_seeberi" title="Rhinosporidium seeberi">Rhinosporidium seeberi</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhinosporidiosis" title="Rhinosporidiosis">Rhinosporidiosis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ungrouped</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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