CINXE.COM

The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"/><meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"/><title>The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups</title><meta name="description" content="Is public cloud storage the right solution for your data center backups? Weigh the benefits of flexibility and cost savings against the potential risks."/><meta property="og:title" content="The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups"/><meta property="og:description" content="Is public cloud storage the right solution for your data center backups? Weigh the benefits of flexibility and cost savings against the potential risks."/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg?disable=upscale&amp;width=1200&amp;height=630&amp;fit=crop"/><meta property="oc:keywords" content="Data Storage, Cloud, Uptime"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"/><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","datePublished":"2024-09-23T10:54:43.000Z","dateModified":"2024-11-15T13:28:14.681Z","headline":"The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg","caption":"Public cloud storage can provide data centers with scalable backup solutions to meet growing demand.","creditText":"Image: Alamy"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Tozzi","image":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg","url":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/author/christopher-tozzi"}]}</script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Data Storage","item":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/infrastructure/data-storage"}]}</script><link rel="preload" href="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg?width=1280&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=10&amp;format=jpg&amp;disable=upscale&amp;blur=40" as="image"/><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary"/><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {"agent":"","beacon":"bam.eu01.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.eu01.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87","applicationID":"514059305","agentToken":null,"applicationTime":17.842964,"transactionName":"MhBSZQoZWEEDU0ZaXgtac0QLDFlfTR9WUkUEWENFFwpXVQcfRltUSAVCXgtVV1wGHVFcXxZYX1dVCENQDllRHlIJGkVVVQtCXRBRVVYcAxpCHBwZQlNPU1ddRQAHHVMZG11HEkM=","queueTime":0,"ttGuid":"0d836a4b5e3bb195"}; (window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.eu01.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"538480682",accountID:"3936348",trustKey:"3288925",xpid:"Vw8EV1VXABAFVVVSAggEVlE=",licenseKey:"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87",applicationID:"514059305"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script><link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.cookielaw.org"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/build/_assets/styles.generated-IVZR5GKI.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/build/_assets/brand.generated-MBTKZUSI.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100;200;300;400;500;600;700;800;900&amp;display=swap"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100;200;300;400;500;600;700;800;900&amp;display=swap"/><link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/build/_assets/datacenterknowledge-VGNLPH4P.ico"/><noscript><style type="text/css">.gptHideContent { opacity: 1!important; }</style></noscript><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/48779144-0274-45bc-a3a3-47e45bd4a638/OtAutoBlock.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-domain-script="48779144-0274-45bc-a3a3-47e45bd4a638"></script><script> function OptanonWrapper() { const isClosed = OneTrust.IsAlertBoxClosed() const allowPersonalised = /,C0004,/.test(OnetrustActiveGroups) console.log('cookieBannerConsentChanged emit', isClosed, allowPersonalised) const event = new CustomEvent('cookieBannerConsentChanged', { detail: { allowPersonalised, isClosed } }) window.dispatchEvent(event) }</script><link rel="preconnect" href="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com"/><script type="text/javascript" id="vwoCode">window._vwo_code = window._vwo_code || (function () { var account_id = 734041, version = 1.5, settings_tolerance = 2000, library_tolerance = 2500, use_existing_jquery = false, is_spa = 1, hide_element = 'body', hide_element_style = 'opacity:0 !important;filter:alpha(opacity=0) !important;background:none !important',/* DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE */ f = false, d = document, vwoCodeEl = d.querySelector('#vwoCode'), code = { use_existing_jquery: function () { return use_existing_jquery }, library_tolerance: function () { return library_tolerance }, hide_element_style: function () { return '{' + hide_element_style + '}' }, finish: function () { if (!f) { f = true; var e = d.getElementById('_vis_opt_path_hides'); if (e) e.parentNode.removeChild(e) } }, finished: function () { return f }, load: function (e) { var t = d.createElement('script'); t.fetchPriority = 'high'; t.src = e; t.type = 'text/javascript'; t.onerror = function () { _vwo_code.finish() }; d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(t) }, getVersion: function () { return version }, getMatchedCookies: function (e) { var t = []; if (document.cookie) { t = document.cookie.match(e) || [] } return t }, getCombinationCookie: function () { var e = code.getMatchedCookies(/(?:^|;)\s?(_vis_opt_exp_\d+_combi=[^;$]*)/gi); e = e.map(function (e) { try { var t = decodeURIComponent(e); if (!/_vis_opt_exp_\d+_combi=(?:\d+,?)+\s*$/.test(t)) { return '' } return t } catch (e) { return '' } }); var i = []; e.forEach(function (e) { var t = e.match(/([\d,]+)/g); t && i.push(t.join('-')) }); return i.join('|') }, init: function () { if (d.URL.indexOf('__vwo_disable__') > -1) return; window.settings_timer = setTimeout(function () { _vwo_code.finish() }, settings_tolerance); var e = d.createElement('style'), t = hide_element ? hide_element + '{' + hide_element_style + '}' : '', i = d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; e.setAttribute('id', '_vis_opt_path_hides'); vwoCodeEl && e.setAttribute('nonce', vwoCodeEl.nonce); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/css'); if (e.styleSheet) e.styleSheet.cssText = t; else e.appendChild(d.createTextNode(t)); i.appendChild(e); var n = this.getCombinationCookie(); this.load('https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/j.php?a=' + account_id + '&u=' + encodeURIComponent(d.URL) + '&f=' + +is_spa + '&vn=' + version + (n ? '&c=' + n : '')); return settings_timer } }; window._vwo_settings_timer = code.init(); return code; }()); </script><script async="" src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" type="text/javascript"></script></head><body class="brand-datacenterknowledge gptHideContent"><noscript></noscript><div id="bigsky_v"></div><div id="fb-root"></div><div id="welcome_v"></div><main data-theme="theme1" class="Provider"><div data-testid="ad_blocker" class="ads ad adsbox doubleclick ad-placement carbon-ads" style="height:1px;width:1px;position:absolute;left:-999em;top:-999em"></div><div><div data-template="layout" class="Layout"><nav data-module="navigation" aria-label="navigation" class="Navigation"><div data-testid="header" class="Navigation-HeaderWrapper"><div class="FullScreenBackground Navigation-HeaderBackground"></div><div class="Navigation-Header"><div class="InformaBar" data-component="informa-bar"><div class="InformaBar-ContentSection InformaBar-ContentSection_hidden" data-testid="informa-bar-content-section"><div class="InformaBar-LeftSection" data-testid="informa-bar-left-section"><div>Data Center Knowledge is part of the Informa Tech Division of Informa PLC</div><div><a class="InformaBar-SubMenuItem" data-testid="informa-bar-sub-menu-item" href="https://informa.com/" title="INFORMA PLC" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">INFORMA PLC</a><span class="InformaBar-Delimiter">|</span><a class="InformaBar-SubMenuItem" data-testid="informa-bar-sub-menu-item" href="https://informa.com/about-us/" title="ABOUT US" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">ABOUT US</a><span class="InformaBar-Delimiter">|</span><a class="InformaBar-SubMenuItem" data-testid="informa-bar-sub-menu-item" href="https://informa.com/investors/" title="INVESTOR RELATIONS" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">INVESTOR RELATIONS</a><span class="InformaBar-Delimiter">|</span><a class="InformaBar-SubMenuItem" data-testid="informa-bar-sub-menu-item" href="https://informa.com/talent/" title="TALENT" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">TALENT</a></div></div><div class="InformaBar-RightSection" data-testid="informa-bar-right-section">This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. Informa PLC&#x27;s registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Registered in England and Wales. Number 8860726.</div></div><div class="InformaBar-LogoSection" data-testid="informa-bar-logo-section" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Open Informa bar"><div class="InformaBar-LogoWrapper"><img class="InformaBar-Logo" src="/build/_assets/informaLogoWhite-RZAE7EJI.png" alt="Logo Informa"/></div><span class="InformaBar-IconWrapper InformaBar-IconWrapper_closed"><svg viewBox="0 0 320 512" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" xml:space="preserve" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" fill="currentColor" height="100%"><path fill="#ffffff" d="M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z"></path></svg></span></div></div></div></div><div class="Navigation-SecondaryMenuWrapper"><div class="FullScreenBackground Navigation-SecondaryMenuBackground"></div><div class="Navigation-SecondaryMenu"><nav data-testid="SecondaryMenu" class="SecondaryMenu"><a class="SecondaryMenu-Link" target="_blank" href="https://datacenterworld.com/?_mc=%20itme_x_x_le_tsprtsnr_dckr_x_x-DCW20">Data Center World</a><a class="SecondaryMenu-Link" data-discover="true" href="/documents">Documents</a><a class="SecondaryMenu-Link" data-discover="true" href="/resources?page=1&amp;types=Virtual+Event&amp;types=Webinar">Online Events</a><a class="SecondaryMenu-Link" data-discover="true" href="/advertise">Advertise</a></nav></div></div><div style="padding-top:0px"></div><div id="navigation-header" class="Navigation-NavBase"><div data-testid="navBase" class="NavBase"><div class="NavBase-Content"><div class="FullScreenBackground NavBase-SecondaryMenuBackground"></div><div class="NavBase-HeaderWrapper"><div class="NavBase-IconsWrapper"><button data-testid="navBase-megaMenuButton" class="NavBase-MegaMenuButton" aria-label="Open Mega menu"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Bars" class="NavBase-MegaMenuIcon NavBase-MegaMenuIcon_iconVariant_small NavBase-MegaMenuIcon_iconType_bars" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Bars-F4G2A5NO.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Bars-F4G2A5NO.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button><button data-testid="SearchButtonDesktop" class="NavBase-SearchButtonDesktop" aria-label="Open Search"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Search" class="NavBase-SearchIcon NavBase-SearchIcon_iconVariant_large NavBase-SearchIcon_iconType_search" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button><button data-testid="SearchButtonTablet" class="NavBase-SearchButtonTablet" aria-label="Open Search in MegaMenu"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Search" class="NavBase-SearchIcon NavBase-SearchIcon_iconVariant_small NavBase-SearchIcon_iconType_search" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button></div><div class="NavBase-LogoWrapper"><button data-testid="navBase-LogoMegaMenuButton" class="NavBase-LogoMegaMenuButton" aria-label="Open Mega menu"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Bars" class="NavBase-LogoMegaMenuIcon NavBase-LogoMegaMenuIcon_iconVariant_small NavBase-LogoMegaMenuIcon_iconType_bars" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Bars-F4G2A5NO.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Bars-F4G2A5NO.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button><a class="NavBase-Logo" data-discover="true" href="/"><img data-testid="logo-image" data-component="image" class="NavBase-LogoImage" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt6f4dd7e78c61f672/65dc57bd546de0040adbc09d/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge.svg?width=476&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt6f4dd7e78c61f672/65dc57bd546de0040adbc09d/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge.svg?width=476&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Data Center Knowledge Logo" title="Data Center Knowledge Logo"/></a></div><div class="NavBase-RegisterWrapper"><div data-module="newsletter-signup-promo"><div class="NewsletterSignupPromo-Button NewsletterSignupPromo-Button_small NewsletterSignupButton"><a data-component="button" data-testid="headerSmallNewsletterButton" class="Button Button_size_small Button_variant_primaryFilled" href="https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&amp;sr=pp&amp;_t=pp:&amp;qf=w_dats36&amp;ch=dcksitebtn" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-name="subscribe-nav" data-action-type="sign-up"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Email" class="Button-Icon Button-Icon_position_left" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><span class="Button-ContentWrapper">Newsletter Sign-Up</span></a></div><div class="NewsletterSignupPromo-Button NewsletterSignupPromo-Button_medium NewsletterSignupButton"><div data-component="social-share" class="SocialShare SocialShare_variant_layout Layout-SocialShare"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Facebook" class="Layout-SocialLink" href="https://www.facebook.com/DataCenterKnowledge/"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Facebook" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_facebook" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Twitter" class="Layout-SocialLink" href="http://twitter.com/datacenter"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Twitter" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_twitter" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin" class="Layout-SocialLink" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/data-center-knowledge/"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Linkedin" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_linkedin" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="GoogleNews" class="Layout-SocialLink" href="https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqNQgKIi9DQklTSFFnTWFoa0tGMlJoZEdGalpXNTBaWEpyYm05M2JHVmtaMlV1WTI5dEtBQVAB?ceid=US:en&amp;oc=3"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="GoogleNews" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_googleNews" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/GoogleNews-6O72APW7.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/GoogleNews-6O72APW7.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a rel="noreferrer" aria-label="RSS" class="Layout-SocialLink" data-discover="true" href="/rss.xml" target="_blank"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="RSS" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_rss" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/RSS-3XFHIVCK.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/RSS-3XFHIVCK.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a></div><a data-component="button" data-testid="headerMediumNewsletterButton" class="Button Button_size_medium Button_variant_primaryFilled" href="https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&amp;sr=pp&amp;_t=pp:&amp;qf=w_dats36&amp;ch=dcksitebtn" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-name="subscribe-nav" data-action-type="sign-up"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Email" class="Button-Icon Button-Icon_position_left" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><span class="Button-ContentWrapper">Newsletter Sign-Up</span></a></div></div><button data-testid="RegisterSearchButton" class="NavBase-RegisterSearchButton" aria-label="Open Search in MegaMenu"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Search" class="NavBase-SearchIcon NavBase-SearchIcon_iconVariant_large NavBase-SearchIcon_iconType_search" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button></div></div><div class="NavBase-SearchWrapper"><div class="FullScreenBackground NavBase-SearchBackground"></div><button data-testid="SearchCloseButton" class="NavBase-SearchCloseButton" aria-label="Close Search"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Close" class="NavBase-SearchIcon NavBase-SearchIcon_iconVariant_medium NavBase-SearchIcon_iconType_close" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Close-KKOYAUD6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Close-KKOYAUD6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button></div></div></div><div class="Navigation-MainMenu"><div data-testid="mainMenu"><div class="FullScreenBackground MainMenu-BackgroundSubmenu"></div><div class="FullScreenBackground MainMenu-BackgroundMenuItem"></div><div class="MainMenu-Content"><div class="MainMenu-MegaMenuButtonWrapper"><button data-testid="mainMenu-MegaMenuButton" aria-label="Open MegaMenu" class="MainMenu-MegaMenuButton"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Bars" class="MainMenu-MegaMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Bars-F4G2A5NO.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Bars-F4G2A5NO.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button></div><div class="MainMenu-ItemsWrapper" role="menu"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of Infrastructure"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">Infrastructure<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/data-center-hardware">Hardware</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/networking">Networking</a></li></ul><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/cooling">Cooling</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/data-storage">Data Storage</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentHeading"><h4 data-testid="recent-title" class="SubMenu-RecentText">Recent in <a class="SubMenu-RecentTopicTerm" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure">Infrastructure</a></h4><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">See All Infrastructure</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div><div class="SubMenu-ContentWrapper"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">manual heating controller with red and blue arrows in fire and ice background</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_cooling ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/cooling">Cooling</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers">Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers">Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi">Christopher Tozzi</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 20, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>4 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Red, yellow, green, and black shield graphics symbolizing cybersecurity levels and safety margin.</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_infrastructure ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure">Infrastructure</a><a class="ContentPreview-IconWrapper" title="Link to all video" data-testid="content-preview-icon-link" data-discover="true" href="/videos"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Play" class="ContentPreview-Icon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Play-CLWHZVKX.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Play-CLWHZVKX.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce">Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce">Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/brandon-taylor">Brandon Taylor</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 18, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>5 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->View</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of Build &amp; Design"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">Build &amp; Design<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/data-center-construction">Construction</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/data-center-site-selection">Site Selection</a></li></ul><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/energy-power-supply">Energy &amp; Power Supply</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/modular-data-centers">Modular Data Centers</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentHeading"><h4 data-testid="recent-title" class="SubMenu-RecentText">Recent in <a class="SubMenu-RecentTopicTerm" data-discover="true" href="/build-design">Build &amp; Design</a></h4><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent" data-discover="true" href="/build-design"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">See All Build &amp; Design</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div><div class="SubMenu-ContentWrapper"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/data-center-news-roundup-global-updates-ai-highlights-from-ignite-2024"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Data Center News Roundup</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt44ca27a66fa407e3/6659f3c84bcb3c6bce786307/Data-Center-News-Roundup.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt44ca27a66fa407e3/6659f3c84bcb3c6bce786307/Data-Center-News-Roundup.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_buildDesign ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/build-design">Build &amp; Design</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/data-center-news-roundup-global-updates-ai-highlights-from-ignite-2024">Data Center News Roundup: Global Updates, AI Highlights From Ignite 2024</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/data-center-news-roundup-global-updates-ai-highlights-from-ignite-2024">Data Center News Roundup: Global Updates, AI Highlights From Ignite 2024</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/james-walker">James Walker</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 22, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>4 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Server room at the Yotta data center in Navi Mumbai, India.</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3f455c1d5917fbef/673f3edb9d8a1d12d4065547/Yotta_Server_Room.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3f455c1d5917fbef/673f3edb9d8a1d12d4065547/Yotta_Server_Room.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_investing ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/business/investing">Investing</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout">Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout">Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/bloomberg-news">Bloomberg News</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 21, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>2 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of Ops &amp; Mgmt"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">Ops &amp; Mgmt<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/data-center-software">Data Center Software</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/hyperscalers">Hyperscalers</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/cloud">Cloud</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/colocation">Colocation</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/management">Management</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/data-observability">Observability</a></li></ul><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/supply-chain">Supply Chain</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/uptime">Uptime</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/data-center-career-development">Career Development</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/diversity-inclusion">DEI</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/training-certifications">Training &amp; Certs</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentHeading"><h4 data-testid="recent-title" class="SubMenu-RecentText">Recent in <a class="SubMenu-RecentTopicTerm" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management">Ops &amp; Mgmt</a></h4><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">See All Ops &amp; Mgmt</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div><div class="SubMenu-ContentWrapper"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Red, yellow, green, and black shield graphics symbolizing cybersecurity levels and safety margin.</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_infrastructure ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure">Infrastructure</a><a class="ContentPreview-IconWrapper" title="Link to all video" data-testid="content-preview-icon-link" data-discover="true" href="/videos"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Play" class="ContentPreview-Icon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Play-CLWHZVKX.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Play-CLWHZVKX.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce">Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce">Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/brandon-taylor">Brandon Taylor</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 18, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>5 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->View</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Data center financing strategies are evolving</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt744fdaba0d534819/673794ac6ed05c827a557019/Data-Center-Financing.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt744fdaba0d534819/673794ac6ed05c827a557019/Data-Center-Financing.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_business ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/business">Business</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide">Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide">Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/patrick-lam">Patrick Lam</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 18, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>7 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of Business"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">Business<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/business/regulations">Regulations</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/business/compliance">Compliance</a></li></ul><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/business/investing">Investing</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/business/deals">Deals</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentHeading"><h4 data-testid="recent-title" class="SubMenu-RecentText">Recent in <a class="SubMenu-RecentTopicTerm" data-discover="true" href="/business">Business</a></h4><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent" data-discover="true" href="/business"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">See All Business</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div><div class="SubMenu-ContentWrapper"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Server room at the Yotta data center in Navi Mumbai, India.</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3f455c1d5917fbef/673f3edb9d8a1d12d4065547/Yotta_Server_Room.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3f455c1d5917fbef/673f3edb9d8a1d12d4065547/Yotta_Server_Room.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_investing ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/business/investing">Investing</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout">Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout">Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/bloomberg-news">Bloomberg News</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 21, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>2 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Data center financing strategies are evolving</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt744fdaba0d534819/673794ac6ed05c827a557019/Data-Center-Financing.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt744fdaba0d534819/673794ac6ed05c827a557019/Data-Center-Financing.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_business ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/business">Business</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide">Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide">Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/patrick-lam">Patrick Lam</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 18, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>7 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of Security"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">Security<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management/physical-security">Physical Security</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</a></li></ul><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management/outages">Outages</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management/data-breaches">Data Breaches</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentHeading"><h4 data-testid="recent-title" class="SubMenu-RecentText">Recent in <a class="SubMenu-RecentTopicTerm" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management">Security</a></h4><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">See all Security &amp; Risk Mgmt</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div><div class="SubMenu-ContentWrapper"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Red, yellow, green, and black shield graphics symbolizing cybersecurity levels and safety margin.</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_infrastructure ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure">Infrastructure</a><a class="ContentPreview-IconWrapper" title="Link to all video" data-testid="content-preview-icon-link" data-discover="true" href="/videos"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Play" class="ContentPreview-Icon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Play-CLWHZVKX.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Play-CLWHZVKX.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce">Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce">Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/brandon-taylor">Brandon Taylor</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 18, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>5 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->View</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management/managing-risk-is-your-data-center-insurance-up-to-the-test"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Foreboding photograph of a locked server rack.</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt7ac6bbeafac1aa58/66fc06c9b154d0d37c394669/Data-Center-Insurance.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt7ac6bbeafac1aa58/66fc06c9b154d0d37c394669/Data-Center-Insurance.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_securityRiskManagement ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management">Security &amp; Risk Management</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management/managing-risk-is-your-data-center-insurance-up-to-the-test">Managing Risk: Is Your Data Center Insurance up to the Test?</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/security-and-risk-management/managing-risk-is-your-data-center-insurance-up-to-the-test">Managing Risk: Is Your Data Center Insurance up to the Test?</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/industry-perspectives">Industry Perspectives</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Oct 1, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>8 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of Next-Gen"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">Next-Gen<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/next-gen-data-centers/supercomputers">Supercomputers</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/next-gen-data-centers/ai-data-centers">AI</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/next-gen-data-centers/edge-data-centers">Edge</a></li></ul><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/next-gen-data-centers/iot">IoT</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/next-gen-data-centers/automation">Automation</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentHeading"><h4 data-testid="recent-title" class="SubMenu-RecentText">Recent in <a class="SubMenu-RecentTopicTerm" data-discover="true" href="/next-gen-data-centers">Next-Gen</a></h4><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent" data-discover="true" href="/next-gen-data-centers"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">See All Next-Gen</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div><div class="SubMenu-ContentWrapper"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/switches-routers/next-gen-networking-exploring-the-utility-of-smart-routers-in-data-centers"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">Smart router in a data center</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt17007e93e9eeb318/6743d44eeb49707dc7b37ba9/Smart-Router-Data-Center.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt17007e93e9eeb318/6743d44eeb49707dc7b37ba9/Smart-Router-Data-Center.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_switchesRouters ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/data-center-hardware/switches-routers">Switches &amp; Routers</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/switches-routers/next-gen-networking-exploring-the-utility-of-smart-routers-in-data-centers">Next-Gen Networking: Exploring the Utility of Smart Routers in Data Centers</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/switches-routers/next-gen-networking-exploring-the-utility-of-smart-routers-in-data-centers">Next-Gen Networking: Exploring the Utility of Smart Routers in Data Centers</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi">Christopher Tozzi</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 25, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>4 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/energy-power-supply/altman-backed-oklo-inks-nuclear-power-deal-to-feed-data-centers"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">thumbnail</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt73885f1bfdec1f54/67367176fedfc6f702f4b486/Oklo-Nuclear.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt73885f1bfdec1f54/67367176fedfc6f702f4b486/Oklo-Nuclear.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_energyPowerSupply ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/build-design/energy-power-supply">Energy &amp; Power Supply</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/energy-power-supply/altman-backed-oklo-inks-nuclear-power-deal-to-feed-data-centers">Altman-Backed Oklo Inks Nuclear Power Deal to Feed Data Centers</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/energy-power-supply/altman-backed-oklo-inks-nuclear-power-deal-to-feed-data-centers">Altman-Backed Oklo Inks Nuclear Power Deal to Feed Data Centers</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName Contributors-ContributorName_showComma" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/untitled">Will Wade<!-- -->, </a><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/bloomberg-news">Bloomberg News</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 14, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>1 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of Sustainability"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">Sustainability<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/sustainability/green-materials">Green Materials</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentHeading"><h4 data-testid="recent-title" class="SubMenu-RecentText">Recent in <a class="SubMenu-RecentTopicTerm" data-discover="true" href="/sustainability">Sustainability</a></h4><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent" data-discover="true" href="/sustainability"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">See All Sustainability</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div><div class="SubMenu-ContentWrapper"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">manual heating controller with red and blue arrows in fire and ice background</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_cooling ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/cooling">Cooling</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers">Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers">Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi">Christopher Tozzi</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 20, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>4 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-vertical"><div class="ContentPreview-Wrapper ContentPreview-Wrapper_variant_cardVertical"><a data-testid="thumbnail" data-discover="true" href="/data-center-chips/advancing-diamond-semiconductors-for-sustainable-efficient-data-center-power"><div class="ContentPreview-ImageContainer"><span data-testid="content-preview-screen-reader-text" class="ContentPreview-ImageScreenReaderText">diamond semiconductors can meet the increasing demands of data centers and other technology sectors</span><img data-testid="content-preview-image" data-component="image" class="ContentPreview-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbe16fb0bbf2fc49f/6737ca2513899360cb3a7ce7/Diamond-Semiconductor.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbe16fb0bbf2fc49f/6737ca2513899360cb3a7ce7/Diamond-Semiconductor.jpg?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></div></a><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_standard Keyword_title_dataCenterChips ContentPreview-Category" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/data-center-hardware/data-center-chips">Data Center Chips</a><div class="VerticalCard"><div class="VerticalCard-Body"><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_default" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/data-center-chips/advancing-diamond-semiconductors-for-sustainable-efficient-data-center-power">Advancing Diamond Semiconductors for Sustainable, Efficient Data Center Power</a><a class="VerticalCard-Title VerticalCard-Title_displayOption_mobile" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/data-center-chips/advancing-diamond-semiconductors-for-sustainable-efficient-data-center-power">Advancing Diamond Semiconductors for Sustainable, Efficient Data Center Power</a><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_slimline VerticalCard-ContributorsWrapper" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><span class="Contributors-ByText" data-testid="by-text">by</span><a class="Contributors-ContributorName Contributors-ContributorName_showComma" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/untitled">Adam Khan<!-- -->, </a><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/industry-perspectives">Industry Perspectives</a></div></div></div><div class="VerticalCard-Footer"><span class="VerticalCard-Date" data-testid="vertical-card-date">Nov 15, 2024</span><div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>3 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-MenuItemWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-MenuItem" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" data-testid="openSubMenu" aria-label="Open Sub menu of More"><span class="MainMenu-MainTitle">More<span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronDown" class="MainMenu-SubMenuIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronDown-PF4EH6J6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuWrapper"><div class="MainMenu-SubMenuContent"><div data-module="sub-menu" class="SubMenu MainMenu-SubMenu" role="presentation"><div class="SubMenu-Container"><div class="SubMenu-RelatedTopicsWrapper"><h4 class="SubMenu-RelatedTopics">Related Topics</h4><div class="SubMenu-CasualLinkWrapper" data-testid="related"><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&amp;sr=pp&amp;_t=pp:&amp;qf=w_dats36&amp;ch=dcknav">Newsletters</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/latest-how-to">How To</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/program/industry-perspectives">Industry Perspectives</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/resources?page=1&amp;types=Guide&amp;types=eBook">Reports/Research</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/resources?page=1&amp;types=Virtual+Event&amp;types=Webinar">Online Events</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/events">Live Events</a></li></ul><ul class="SubMenu-CasualLinkList"><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" target="_blank" href="https://leaders.afcom.com/ll19/Public/Enter.aspx">AFCOM Leaders Lab</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/resources?page=1&amp;types=White+Paper">White Papers</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/keyword/fastchat">FastChats</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/advertise">Advertise With Us</a></li><li class="SubMenu-CasualLinkItem"><a class="SubMenu-ItemLink" data-testid="sub-menu-item-link" data-discover="true" href="/about-us">About Us</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="SubMenu-RecentContentWrapper" data-testid="recent"><div data-testid="see-more" class="SubMenu-SeeMore"><a class="SubMenu-MoreContent SubMenu-MoreContent_noRecent" data-discover="true" href="/resources"><span class="SubMenu-SeeMoreText">Resource Library</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="SubMenu-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MainMenu-SearchButtonWrapper"><button data-testid="mainMenu-SearchButton" aria-label="Open Search" class="MainMenu-SearchButton"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Search" class="MainMenu-SearchButtonIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Search-T2ANYVG5.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button></div></div><div class="MainMenu-SearchWrapper"><div class="FullScreenBackground MainMenu-SearchBackground MainMenu-SearchBackground_withSearchBar"></div><button data-testid="mainMenu-SearchCloseButton" class="MainMenu-SearchCloseButton" aria-label="Close Search"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Close" class="MainMenu-SearchCloseIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Close-KKOYAUD6.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Close-KKOYAUD6.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></button></div></div></div></div></nav><section class="Layout-Section"><div id="iiris-identity" data-testid="iris-identity"></div><div data-template="article"><div class="TwoColumnLayout"><div id="portal-root"></div><div class="TwoColumnLayout-Head"><div class="ArticleBase-Header"><ul class="ArticleBase-Topics" data-testid="article-topics"><li class="ArticleBase-Topic"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_category Keyword_title_dataStorage" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/data-storage">Data Storage</a></li><li class="ArticleBase-Topic"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_category Keyword_title_cloud" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/cloud">Cloud</a></li><li class="ArticleBase-Topic"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_category Keyword_title_uptime" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/uptime">Uptime</a></li></ul><div><h1 class="ArticleBase-HeaderTitle"><noscript><span class="ArticleBase-LargeTitle">The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups</span></noscript><span class="ArticleBase-DefaultTitle" data-testid="article-default-title">The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups</span></h1><p class="ArticleBase-HeaderSummary" data-testid="article-summary">Is public cloud storage the right solution for your data center backups? Weigh the benefits of flexibility and cost savings against the potential risks.</p></div></div></div><div class="TwoColumnLayout-Content"><div class="TwoColumnLayout-Body"><div class="ArticleBase-Body" data-testid="article-base-body"><div class="ArticleBase-Contributors" data-testid="article-base-contributors"><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_normal Contributors_hasAvatar" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-AvatarWrapper"><a class="Contributors-AvatarLink" aria-label="Christopher Tozzi" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi"><img aria-hidden="true" data-testid="contributor-avatar" data-component="image" class="Contributors-Avatar" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg?width=100&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg?width=100&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Picture of Christopher Tozzi" title="Picture of Christopher Tozzi"/></a></div><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi">Christopher Tozzi</a><span class="Contributors-ContributorTitle" data-testid="contributor-title">, <!-- -->Technology Analyst</span><p class="Contributors-Date" data-testid="contributors-date">September 23, 2024</p></div></div><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_normal"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Clock" class="ArticleReadTime-Icon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Clock-MSX4SBCD.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Clock-MSX4SBCD.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><span>4 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div><div class="ArticleBase-FeaturedImageWrapper" data-testid="featured-image"><div data-component="captioned-content" class="CaptionedContent"><div class="CaptionedContent-Content"><img data-component="image" class="ArticleBase-FeaturedImage" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg?width=1280&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=95&amp;format=jpg&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg?width=1280&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=95&amp;format=jpg&amp;disable=upscale" loading="eager" alt="Data center public cloud storage illustration" title="Data center public cloud storage illustration"/></div><div class="CaptionedContent-Caption" data-testid="captioned-content-caption">Public cloud storage can provide data centers with scalable backup solutions to meet growing demand.<span class="CaptionedContent-CreditTo">Image: Alamy</span></div></div></div><div class="SocialShare"><div data-component="social-share" class="SocialShare SocialShare_variant_button ArticleBase-SocialShare ArticleBase-SocialShare_first"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Facebook" href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Facebook" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_facebook" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Linkedin" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_linkedin" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Twitter" href="http://www.twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Twitter" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_twitter" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Reddit" href="https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups&amp;title=The%20Pros%20and%20Cons%20of%20Public%20Cloud%20Storage%20for%20Data%20Center%20Backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Reddit" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_reddit" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Reddit-5TRN6TDE.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Reddit-5TRN6TDE.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Email" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#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"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Email" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_email" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><div data-component="print"><span role="button" aria-label="print" data-testid="print-button" tabindex="0" class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Printer" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Printer-U5RDBVFZ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Printer-U5RDBVFZ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div></div></div><div class="ArticleBase-BodyContent ArticleBase-BodyContent_Article" data-testid="article-base-body-content"><div data-module="content" class="ContentModule-Wrapper"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Data backups can quickly consume large amounts of storage space, especially when running workloads in a private data center or colocation facility with limited capacity. In such cases, public cloud storage may seem like an ideal solution for data center backups – and often, it is. However, using the cloud for backup storage can also present challenges.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">If you’re considering whether public cloud </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/infrastructure/data-storage">storage</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> is the right solution for your data center backups, it’s important to weigh both the benefits and potential drawbacks. While the cloud can offer flexible storage options, it may not always be the best fit.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Here’s a breakdown of how cloud backup strategies work and when they can deliver the best results.</span></p><h2 class="ContentText ContentText_variant_h2 ContentText_align_left" data-testid="content-text" id="How Can the Cloud Help with Data Center Backups?" style="scroll-margin-top:10rem;scroll-snap-margin-top:10rem">How Can the Cloud Help with Data Center Backups?</h2><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Let&#x27;s begin by clarifying what we mean when discussing using the public cloud to store data center backup data.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/outages/rethinking-old-fashioned-backup-strategies-for-the-cloud-age">Backing up workloads</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> hosted in a private data center or colocation facility requires copying data from a production environment to backup storage. If something goes wrong with your production environment – such as a cyber-attack that wipes out your data or a </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/uptime/data-center-disaster-recovery-essential-measures-for-business-continuity">natural disaster</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> that destroys your servers – you can use the backups to restore your systems.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">If you want, you can store backup data inside the same data center that hosts your production workloads. But you can also choose to store the data inside a public cloud, like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, or </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/developers-practitioners/introducing-new-homepage-google-cloud">Google Cloud</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">. This is a form of cloud backup.</span></p><p data-component="related-article" class="RelatedArticle"><span data-testid="related-article-title" class="RelatedArticle-Title">Related:</span><a class="RelatedArticle-RelatedContent" data-discover="true" href="/data-breaches/primary-storage-cyber-protection-solutions-that-thwart-ransomware-attacks" target="_self">Primary Storage Cyber Protection Solutions That Thwart Ransomware Attacks</a></p><div><img data-testid="content-image" data-component="image" class="ContentImage-Image ContentImage-Image_align_left" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt17ff2cfcc9b35f0a/66f14bc1cf0d9c0b5525fd8e/Public-Cloud-Data-Center.jpg?width=NaN&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt17ff2cfcc9b35f0a/66f14bc1cf0d9c0b5525fd8e/Public-Cloud-Data-Center.jpg?width=NaN&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Public-Cloud-Data-Center.jpg" title="Public-Cloud-Data-Center.jpg"/><p class="ContentImage-Link">Understanding how public cloud storage integrates with your data center can help optimize backup solutions and resource management.</p></div><h2 class="ContentText ContentText_variant_h2 ContentText_align_left" data-testid="content-text" id="The Advantages of Cloud Backups for Data Centers" style="scroll-margin-top:10rem;scroll-snap-margin-top:10rem">The Advantages of Cloud Backups for Data Centers</h2><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Why would you want to copy backup data into the </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/operations-and-management/cloud">cloud</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> instead of keeping it in your data center? There are three main reasons:</span></p><div data-component="basic-list" class="BasicList BasicList_nestedLevel_0 BasicList_variant_unordered BasicList_limited"><ul data-testid="basic-list-unordered" class="BasicList-UnorderedList"><li><div class="BasicList-ListItem BasicList-ListItem_variant_unordered"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Circle" class="BasicList-ListIcon BasicList-ListIcon_variant_unordered" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><div class="BasicList-Item"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">The cloud offers virtually infinite storage capacity. This means you can store as much backup data as you need, without having to scale up the storage infrastructure inside your own data center.</span></p></div></div></li><li><div class="BasicList-ListItem BasicList-ListItem_variant_unordered"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Circle" class="BasicList-ListIcon BasicList-ListIcon_variant_unordered" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><div class="BasicList-Item"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Cloud data services are typically low in price, costing just pennies per gigabyte per month. In some cases, this may be more cost-effective than building and managing your own backup storage infrastructure.</span></p></div></div></li><li><div class="BasicList-ListItem BasicList-ListItem_variant_unordered"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Circle" class="BasicList-ListIcon BasicList-ListIcon_variant_unordered" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><div class="BasicList-Item"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Storing backup data in the cloud means that your data will remain </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/operations-and-management/uptime">safe</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> even if your data center is compromised.</span></p></div></div></li></ul></div><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">In short, the cloud may offer a scalable, cost-effective, low-risk way to store backup data.</span></p><div><img data-testid="content-image" data-component="image" class="ContentImage-Image ContentImage-Image_align_left" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltccea5f345e41b474/66f14b2ac79c94cfb59562c6/AWS-Google-Cloud-Azure.jpg?width=NaN&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltccea5f345e41b474/66f14b2ac79c94cfb59562c6/AWS-Google-Cloud-Azure.jpg?width=NaN&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="AWS-Google-Cloud-Azure.jpg" title="AWS-Google-Cloud-Azure.jpg"/><p class="ContentImage-Link">Top public cloud storage providers include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure.</p></div><h2 class="ContentText ContentText_variant_h2 ContentText_align_left" data-testid="content-text" id="The Downsides of Public Cloud Storage for Backups" style="scroll-margin-top:10rem;scroll-snap-margin-top:10rem">The Downsides of Public Cloud Storage for Backups</h2><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">While there are numerous potential benefits, moving backup data to the public cloud could lead to some challenges, including:</span></p><div data-component="basic-list" class="BasicList BasicList_nestedLevel_0 BasicList_variant_unordered BasicList_limited"><ul data-testid="basic-list-unordered" class="BasicList-UnorderedList"><li><div class="BasicList-ListItem BasicList-ListItem_variant_unordered"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Circle" class="BasicList-ListIcon BasicList-ListIcon_variant_unordered" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><div class="BasicList-Item"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/business/compliance">Compliance</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> and data privacy challenges. While the cloud is not any less inherently secure than a private data center, moving data to the cloud may lead to compliance issues in instances where an organization must keep sensitive information within a specific geographic region, for example.</span></p></div></div></li><li><div class="BasicList-ListItem BasicList-ListItem_variant_unordered"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Circle" class="BasicList-ListIcon BasicList-ListIcon_variant_unordered" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><div class="BasicList-Item"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">The risk that over the long term, cloud storage costs will exceed what you’d pay to store data on your own infrastructure.</span></p></div></div></li><li><div class="BasicList-ListItem BasicList-ListItem_variant_unordered"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Circle" class="BasicList-ListIcon BasicList-ListIcon_variant_unordered" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><div class="BasicList-Item"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">The fact that, although cloud backups provide some reliability benefits by ensuring that your data center backups are stored off-site, there is still a chance that cloud backup data could be deleted. For instance, an employee might accidentally delete cloud backups.</span></p></div></div></li><li><div class="BasicList-ListItem BasicList-ListItem_variant_unordered"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Circle" class="BasicList-ListIcon BasicList-ListIcon_variant_unordered" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Circle-MTZTA6VT.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><div class="BasicList-Item"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Slower data recovery, since you&#x27;d be relying on the internet to move data from the cloud into a private data center if you need to restore your systems to private infrastructure. If you have many terabytes of data to restore, transferring it over the web could take days – whereas it might take just hours if your backup data and recovery infrastructure reside in the same facility, and you can transfer information over a local network.</span></p></div></div></li></ul></div><p data-component="related-article" class="RelatedArticle"><span data-testid="related-article-title" class="RelatedArticle-Title">Related:</span><a class="RelatedArticle-RelatedContent" data-discover="true" href="/data-storage/on-premises-vs-cloud-storage-choosing-the-right-solution" target="_self">On-Premises vs. Cloud Storage: Choosing the Right Solution</a></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">The cloud is not always a cheaper and more reliable way to store backups. It might complicate your </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/compliance/an-introductory-guide-to-data-center-compliance">data center compliance</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> strategy and slow down data recovery.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_center" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link ContentText-BodyTextChunk_bold" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/infrastructure/data-storage">Read more of the latest data center storage news and analysis</a></span></p><p data-component="related-article" class="RelatedArticle"><span data-testid="related-article-title" class="RelatedArticle-Title">Related:</span><a class="RelatedArticle-RelatedContent" data-discover="true" href="/outages/a-guide-to-cloud-resilience-maximize-security-minimize-downtime" target="_self">A Guide to Cloud Resilience: Maximize Security, Minimize Downtime</a></p><h2 class="ContentText ContentText_variant_h2 ContentText_align_left" data-testid="content-text" id="Going Public: When Cloud Backups Make Sense" style="scroll-margin-top:10rem;scroll-snap-margin-top:10rem">Going Public: When Cloud Backups Make Sense</h2><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Whether the cloud is the right storage solution for your data center backups depends on several factors, including what it would cost you to store the backups on your own infrastructure, whether you are subject to compliance rules that make cloud backups complicated, and how fast you need to restore data in the event of an </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/uptime/the-biggest-threats-to-data-center-uptime-and-how-to-overcome-them">outage</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">We can’t tell you what these considerations mean for your organization. But we can tell you that, while cloud backups have clear advantages, you’ll want to consider the potential downsides before assuming that the cloud is necessarily the best place for your backup data to reside.</span></p></div></div><div class="SocialShare"><div data-component="social-share" class="SocialShare SocialShare_variant_button ArticleBase-SocialShare ArticleBase-SocialShare_second"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Facebook" href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Facebook" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_facebook" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Linkedin" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_linkedin" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Twitter" href="http://www.twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Twitter" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_twitter" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Reddit" href="https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups&amp;title=The%20Pros%20and%20Cons%20of%20Public%20Cloud%20Storage%20for%20Data%20Center%20Backups"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Reddit" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_reddit" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Reddit-5TRN6TDE.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Reddit-5TRN6TDE.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Email" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#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"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Email" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_email" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Email-47H7P533.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><div data-component="print"><span role="button" aria-label="print" data-testid="print-button" tabindex="0" class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Printer" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Printer-U5RDBVFZ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Printer-U5RDBVFZ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div></div></div><div class="ArticleBase-ContributorsWrapper"><h2 class="ArticleBase-ContributorsTitle">About the Author</h2><div class="ArticleBase-ContributorsSummary"><div data-component="contributor-summary" class="ContributorSummary ContributorSummary_variant_author"><div class="ContributorSummary-ImageWrapper ContributorSummary-ImageWrapper_variant_author"><a data-testid="contributor-summary-img-link" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi"><img data-component="image" class="ContributorSummary-Image ContributorSummary-Image_variant_author" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg?width=400&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg?width=400&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Christopher Tozzi" title="Christopher Tozzi"/></a></div><div class="ContributorSummary-InfoWrapper ContributorSummary-InfoWrapper_variant_author"><div class="ContributorSummary-TitleWrapper"><a data-testid="contributor-summary-title-link" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi"><p class="ContributorSummary-Title ContributorSummary-Title_variant_author" data-testid="contributor-summary-title">Christopher Tozzi</p></a></div><div class="ContributorSummary-SubTitleWrapper ContributorSummary-SubTitleWrapper_variant_author"><p class="ContributorSummary-SubTitle ContributorSummary-SubTitle_variant_author" data-testid="contributor-summary-subtitle">Technology Analyst, Fixate.IO</p></div><div class="ContributorSummary-ContentWrapper ContributorSummary-ContentWrapper_variant_author"><div class="ContributorSummary-Content ContributorSummary-Content_variant_author" data-testid="contributor-summary-content"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNoneStyle" data-testid="content-text">Christopher Tozzi is a technology analyst with subject matter expertise in cloud computing, application development, open source software, virtualization, containers and more. He also lectures at a major university in the Albany, New York, area. His book, “</span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNoneStyle" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/fun-and-profit">For Fun and Profit: A History of the Free and Open Source Software Revolution</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNoneStyle" data-testid="content-text">,” was published by MIT Press.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="ContributorSummary-SeeMore"><a data-component="button" class="Button Button_size_medium Button_variant_textLink" rel="" data-discover="true" href="/author/christopher-tozzi"><span class="Button-ContentWrapper"><span class="ContributorSummary-SeeMoreText"><span>See more from <!-- -->Christopher Tozzi</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="ContributorSummary-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></span></a></div></div></div></div><div data-module="newsletter-signup-promo"><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage SubscribeBannerTopicPage_mode_dark SubscribeBannerTopicPage_variant_vertical ArticleBase-Newsletter"><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage-Content"><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage-Title" data-testid="subscribeBannerTopicPage_title">Subscribe to the Data Center Knowledge Newsletter</div><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage-Message" data-testid="subscribeBannerTopicPage_message">Get analysis and expert insight on the latest in data center business and technology delivered to your inbox daily.</div><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage-Button" data-testid="subscribe-banner-topic-page-button"><a data-component="button" data-testid="bannerTopicPageNewsletterButton" class="Button Button_size_medium Button_variant_secondaryFilled" href="https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&amp;sr=pp&amp;_t=pp:&amp;qf=w_dats36&amp;ch=dcksitebtn" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-name="subscribe-banner" data-action-type="sign-up"><span class="Button-ContentWrapper">Newsletter Sign-Up</span></a></div></div></div></div><p class="IirisRecommendation-Title">You May Also Like</p><hr class="IirisRecommendation-TitleHr"/><div bordercolor="#e6e6e6" borderRadius="4" brandName="datacknowledge" brand_family="enterpriseit" cardwidth="210px" class="iris-recommend iris-recommend-non-sticky" columns="2" data-component="iris-recommendation" division="it" dropShadow="#FFEB00" entity="content" entitytagbackground="#333333BF" entitytagbordercolor="#333333" entitytagfont="#ffffff" id="widget-1717150900358" imageHeight="182" imagePosition="vertical" imageWidth="324" recipe="related-items" redirectmode="same" rows="2" showborder="yes" showby="" showentitytag="yes" showtime="" title="" widgetType="grid" brand="datacknowledge" itemUrl="" style="max-width:1100px"></div><div><div class="ArticleBase-AdSponsored"></div></div></div></div><div class="TwoColumnLayout-Sidebar"><div class="Sidebar" data-module="sidebar"><div class="Sidebar-SidebarItem" data-testid="sidebar-item"><div data-module="content-cards" class="ContentCards ContentCards_sidebar"><div class="ContentCards-CardsWrapper ContentCards-CardsWrapper_default"><div class="ContentCards-Header ContentCards-Header_default" data-testid="content-cards-header"><h3 class="ContentCards-Title" data-testid="contentCardsTitle">Editor's Choice</h3></div><div class="ContentCards-Content ContentCards-Content_default"><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText">manual heating controller with red and blue arrows in fire and ice background</span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_cooling HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/cooling">Cooling</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers">Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers">Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers</a></div><p class="HorizontalCard-Date" data-testid="horizontalCardDate">Nov 20, 2024</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/cloud/microsoft-ignite-2024-new-azure-data-center-chips-unveiled"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText">Azure Boost DPU launched at Microsoft Ignite 2024</span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt10d5b890298bdcf7/673be057992849bb85a21a8b/Microsoft-Azure-DPU.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt10d5b890298bdcf7/673be057992849bb85a21a8b/Microsoft-Azure-DPU.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_cloud HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/cloud">Cloud</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/cloud/microsoft-ignite-2024-new-azure-data-center-chips-unveiled">Microsoft Ignite 2024: New Azure Data Center Chips Unveiled</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/cloud/microsoft-ignite-2024-new-azure-data-center-chips-unveiled">Microsoft Ignite 2024: New Azure Data Center Chips Unveiled</a></div><p class="HorizontalCard-Date" data-testid="horizontalCardDate">Nov 19, 2024</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/regulations/how-a-second-trump-presidency-could-shape-the-data-center-industry"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText">Image of the White House and a database computing icon</span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt826044c26faea376/67326b5e9fcdcd379f5ffda7/Data-Center-White-House.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt826044c26faea376/67326b5e9fcdcd379f5ffda7/Data-Center-White-House.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_regulations HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/business/regulations">Regulations</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/regulations/how-a-second-trump-presidency-could-shape-the-data-center-industry">How a Second Trump Presidency Could Shape the Data Center Industry</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/regulations/how-a-second-trump-presidency-could-shape-the-data-center-industry">How a Second Trump Presidency Could Shape the Data Center Industry</a></div><p class="HorizontalCard-Date" data-testid="horizontalCardDate">Nov 12, 2024</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="Sidebar-SidebarItem" data-testid="sidebar-item"><div data-component="content-list" class="ContentList"><div class="ContentList-Header"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Document" class="ContentList-Icon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Document-NG4YMZFA.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Document-NG4YMZFA.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><span class="ContentList-Title" data-testid="content-list-title">Exclusive DCK Resources</span></div><ul class="ContentList-List"><li class="ContentList-ListItem"><a data-testid="content-list-item-title" data-discover="true" href="/data-center-career-development/data-center-knowledge-s-2024-salary-report" target=""><p class="ContentList-ListItemTitle">Data Center Knowledge’s 2024 Salary Report</p></a><span class="ContentList-ListItemDate" data-testid="content-list-item-date">Aug 26, 2024<div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><span class="CardTime-SeparatorLine">|</span><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>1 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></span></li><li class="ContentList-ListItem"><a data-testid="content-list-item-title" data-discover="true" href="/data-storage/deep-dive-optimizing-ai-data-storage-management" target=""><p class="ContentList-ListItemTitle">Deep Dive: Optimizing AI Data Storage Management</p></a><span class="ContentList-ListItemDate" data-testid="content-list-item-date">Jul 12, 2024<div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><span class="CardTime-SeparatorLine">|</span><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>8 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></span></li><li class="ContentList-ListItem"><a data-testid="content-list-item-title" data-discover="true" href="/sustainability/strategies-for-sustainable-water-consumption-in-data-centers" target=""><p class="ContentList-ListItemTitle">Strategies for Sustainable Water Consumption in Data Centers</p></a><span class="ContentList-ListItemDate" data-testid="content-list-item-date">Jun 27, 2024<div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><span class="CardTime-SeparatorLine">|</span><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>1 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></span></li><li class="ContentList-ListItem"><a data-testid="content-list-item-title" data-discover="true" href="/cybersecurity/crucial-cybersecurity-skills-for-today-s-it-pros" target=""><p class="ContentList-ListItemTitle">Crucial Cybersecurity Skills for Today's IT Pros</p></a><span class="ContentList-ListItemDate" data-testid="content-list-item-date">Jun 13, 2024<div data-module="card-time" class="CardTime"><span class="CardTime-SeparatorLine">|</span><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_small CardTime-ReadTime"><span>1 Min<!-- --> <!-- -->Read</span></div></div></span></li></ul><div class="ContentList-CTAButton"><span data-component="button" role="presentation" class="Button Button_size_medium Button_variant_textLink"><span class="Button-ContentWrapper"><a class="ContentList-CTAText" rel="noreferrer" data-discover="true" href="/documents" target="_blank">See all DCK Resources</a></span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="Button-Icon Button-Icon_position_right" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></div></div></div><div class="Sidebar-SidebarItem" data-testid="sidebar-item"><div data-module="content-cards" class="ContentCards ContentCards_sidebar"><div class="ContentCards-CardsWrapper ContentCards-CardsWrapper_default"><div class="ContentCards-Header ContentCards-Header_default" data-testid="content-cards-header"><h3 class="ContentCards-Title" data-testid="contentCardsTitle">Industry Voices</h3></div><div class="ContentCards-Content ContentCards-Content_default"><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/sustainability/behind-the-meter-energy-powering-data-centers-for-a-sustainable-future"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText">Data centers can reduce their grid dependence by utilizing behind-the-meter renewable energy systems</span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt96fe289dc16c6a8a/67464cc466cff5252579d624/Data-Center-Behind-the-Meter-Energy.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt96fe289dc16c6a8a/67464cc466cff5252579d624/Data-Center-Behind-the-Meter-Energy.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_sustainability HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/sustainability">Sustainability</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/sustainability/behind-the-meter-energy-powering-data-centers-for-a-sustainable-future">Behind-the-Meter Energy: Powering Data Centers for a Sustainable Future</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/sustainability/behind-the-meter-energy-powering-data-centers-for-a-sustainable-future">Behind-the-Meter Energy: Powering Data Centers for a Sustainable Future</a></div><p class="HorizontalCard-Date" data-testid="horizontalCardDate">Nov 27, 2024</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/data-center-chips/untitled"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText"></span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt06f0127db75f4fed/67460ce470829718c44d054e/Intel-Santa-Clara.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt06f0127db75f4fed/67460ce470829718c44d054e/Intel-Santa-Clara.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_dataCenterChips HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/infrastructure/data-center-hardware/data-center-chips">Data Center Chips</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/data-center-chips/untitled">US Finalizes $11B for Intel as Time Runs Out on Biden’s Chip Plan</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/data-center-chips/untitled">US Finalizes $11B for Intel as Time Runs Out on Biden’s Chip Plan</a></div><p class="HorizontalCard-Date" data-testid="horizontalCardDate">Nov 26, 2024</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="Sidebar-SidebarItem" data-testid="sidebar-item"><div data-module="newsletter-signup-promo"><div class="SubscribeBanner SubscribeBanner_mode_dark SubscribeBanner_variant_vertical"><div class="SubscribeBanner-Wrapper"><div class="SubscribeBanner-Title" data-testid="subscribeBanner_title">Subscribe to the Data Center Knowledge Newsletter</div><div class="SubscribeBanner-Message" data-testid="subscribeBanner_message">Get analysis and expert insight on the latest in data center business and technology delivered to your inbox daily.</div><div class="SubscribeBanner-Button"><a data-component="button" data-testid="bannerNewsletterbutton" class="Button Button_size_medium Button_variant_secondaryFilled" href="https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&amp;sr=pp&amp;_t=pp:&amp;qf=w_dats36&amp;ch=dcksitebtn" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-name="subscribe-banner" data-action-type="sign-up"><span class="Button-ContentWrapper">Newsletter Sign-Up</span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="Sidebar-SidebarItem" data-testid="sidebar-item"><div data-module="content-cards" class="ContentCards ContentCards_sidebar"><div class="ContentCards-CardsWrapper ContentCards-CardsWrapper_default"><div class="ContentCards-Header ContentCards-Header_default" data-testid="content-cards-header"><h3 class="ContentCards-Title" data-testid="contentCardsTitle">Featured Technical Explainers</h3></div><div class="ContentCards-Content ContentCards-Content_default"><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/cloud/cloud-vs-on-prem-ai-accelerators-choosing-the-best-fit-for-your-ai-workloads"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText">AI Chip</span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt251b35edd1b27ec1/673e3f1cfc6a3a41d70aaf50/AI-chip-1716x965_-_2024-11-18.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt251b35edd1b27ec1/673e3f1cfc6a3a41d70aaf50/AI-chip-1716x965_-_2024-11-18.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_cloud HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/cloud">Cloud</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/cloud/cloud-vs-on-prem-ai-accelerators-choosing-the-best-fit-for-your-ai-workloads">Cloud vs. On-Prem AI Accelerators: Choosing the Best Fit for Your AI Workloads</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/cloud/cloud-vs-on-prem-ai-accelerators-choosing-the-best-fit-for-your-ai-workloads">Cloud vs. On-Prem AI Accelerators: Choosing the Best Fit for Your AI Workloads</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/open-source-software/optimize-text-search-master-the-grep-command-in-linux"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText">Data center server configuration command lines on a computer monitor.</span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt549c646c774d290d/67227ce406606cee110c86d0/grep_command_line.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt549c646c774d290d/67227ce406606cee110c86d0/grep_command_line.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_openSourceSoftware HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/operations-and-management/data-center-software/open-source-software">Open Source Software</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/open-source-software/optimize-text-search-master-the-grep-command-in-linux">Optimize Text Search: Master the grep Command in Linux</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/open-source-software/optimize-text-search-master-the-grep-command-in-linux">Optimize Text Search: Master the grep Command in Linux</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentCards-ContentPreview ContentCards-ContentPreview_default" data-testid="content-preview-default"><div class="ContentPreview" data-module="content-preview" data-variant="card-horizontal"><div class="HorizontalCard"><div class="HorizontalCard-ImageWrapper"><a data-discover="true" href="/investing/data-center-etfs-an-introductory-guide-to-boosting-your-portfolio"><span class="HorizontalCard-ImageScreenReaderText">Data center ETF stock chart illustration</span><img data-component="image" class="HorizontalCard-Image" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt0fc30e07961e1d9d/66a235d0a70b0a45ebbc513c/Data-Center-ETF.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt0fc30e07961e1d9d/66a235d0a70b0a45ebbc513c/Data-Center-ETF.jpg?width=300&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="" title=""/></a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-ContentWrapper"><div class="HorizontalCard-KeywordWrapper"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_alternate Keyword_title_investing HorizontalCard-Keyword" data-discover="true" href="/business/investing">Investing</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-TitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-default-title" data-discover="true" href="/investing/data-center-etfs-an-introductory-guide-to-boosting-your-portfolio">Data Center ETFs: An Introductory Guide to Boosting Your Portfolio</a></div><div class="HorizontalCard-MobileTitleWrapper"><a class="HorizontalCard-Title" data-testid="preview-mobile-title" data-discover="true" href="/investing/data-center-etfs-an-introductory-guide-to-boosting-your-portfolio">Data Center ETFs: An Introductory Guide to Boosting Your Portfolio</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><footer data-module="footer" class="Footer"><div class="Footer-Background"></div><div data-testid="logo" class="Footer-LogoContainer Footer-LogoContainer_length_2"><a data-discover="true" href="/"><img title="Data Center Knowledge Logo" data-component="image" class="Footer-LogoImage Footer-LogoImage_length_2" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Data Center Knowledge Logo"/></a></div><div data-testid="LinkSection" class="LinkSection LinkSection_length_2"><h5 class="LinkSection-Title" data-testid="link-section-title">Discover More</h5><div class="LinkSection-LinksWrapper"><a class="LinkSection-Link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://datacenterworld.com/?_mc=itme_x_x_le_tsprtsnr_dckr_x_x-DCW20">Data Center World</a><a class="LinkSection-Link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://afcom.com/">AFCOM</a><a class="LinkSection-Link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.itprotoday.com/">ITPro Today</a><a class="LinkSection-Link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.informationweek.com/">InformationWeek</a><a class="LinkSection-Link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.networkcomputing.com">Network Computing</a></div></div><div data-testid="LinkSection" class="LinkSection LinkSection_length_2"><h5 class="LinkSection-Title" data-testid="link-section-title">Working With Us</h5><div class="LinkSection-LinksWrapper"><a class="LinkSection-Link" data-discover="true" href="/about-us" target="_self">About Us</a><a class="LinkSection-Link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://info.wrightsmedia.com/informa-licensing-reprints-request">Reprints</a><a class="LinkSection-Link" data-discover="true" href="/advertise" target="_self">Advertise</a><a class="LinkSection-Link" data-discover="true" href="/contact-us" target="_self">Contact Us</a></div></div><div data-testid="registration" class="Footer-RegistrationWrapper"><div class="RegistrationSection RegistrationSection_linkSectionLength_2"><h5 class="RegistrationSection-Title">Join Us</h5><div class="Layout-Register Layout-Register_variant_footer"></div><div class="Layout-NewsLetter Layout-NewsLetter_variant_footer"><div data-module="newsletter-signup-promo"><a data-component="button" data-testid="footerNewsletterButton" class="Button Button_size_medium Button_variant_primaryFilled" href="https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&amp;sr=pp&amp;_t=pp:&amp;qf=w_dats36&amp;ch=dcksitebtn" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-name="subscribe-footer" data-action-type="sign-up"><span class="Button-ContentWrapper">Newsletter Sign-Up</span></a></div></div></div></div><div data-testid="social" class="SocialSection SocialSection_linkSectionLength_2"><h5 class="SocialSection-Title">Follow Us</h5><div data-component="social-share" class="SocialShare SocialShare_variant_layout"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/DataCenterKnowledge/"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Facebook" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_facebook" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Facebook-CJB5G2HY.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Twitter" href="http://twitter.com/datacenter"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Twitter" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_twitter" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Twitter-WD5AOEQ7.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/data-center-knowledge/"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Linkedin" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_linkedin" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="GoogleNews" href="https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqNQgKIi9DQklTSFFnTWFoa0tGMlJoZEdGalpXNTBaWEpyYm05M2JHVmtaMlV1WTI5dEtBQVAB?ceid=US:en&amp;oc=3"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="GoogleNews" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_googleNews" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/GoogleNews-6O72APW7.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/GoogleNews-6O72APW7.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a rel="noreferrer" aria-label="RSS" data-discover="true" href="/rss.xml" target="_blank"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_layout"><span data-component="icon" data-name="RSS" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_layout SocialShare-Icon_type_rss" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/RSS-3XFHIVCK.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/RSS-3XFHIVCK.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a></div></div><div class="CopyrightsSection"><div class="CopyrightsSection-Background"></div><div data-testid="copyrights" class="CopyrightsSection-Wrapper"><a data-testid="businessUnit" class="CopyrightsSection-BusinessLink" target="_blank" href="https://www.informatech.com/"><img title="Informa Tech" data-component="image" class="CopyrightsSection-BusinessImage" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt6446244bcc5b6339/65d73a2312508e040a3efc15/InformaTechBTYB_240x60.png?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt6446244bcc5b6339/65d73a2312508e040a3efc15/InformaTechBTYB_240x60.png?width=700&amp;auto=webp&amp;quality=80&amp;disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Informa Tech"/></a><div class="CopyrightsSection-TextWrapper"><p data-testid="copyrightText" class="CopyrightsSection-Text"><span class="CopyrightsSection-TextBlock"></span>Copyright © 2024 Informa PLC Informa UK Limited is a company registered in England and Wales with company number 1072954 whose registered office is 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.</p><div data-testid="copyrightLinks" class="CopyrightsSection-LinksWrapper CopyrightsSection-LinksWrapper_hasLinks"><a class="CopyrightsSection-Link" target="_blank" href="https://www.informatech.com/">Home<span class="CopyrightsSection-LinkSeparator">|</span></a><a class="CopyrightsSection-Link" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://privacyportal-eu-cdn.onetrust.com/dsarwebform/c1f53e84-9f05-4169-a854-85052b63c50b/5f26b553-52cc-4973-a761-295d5634a6b6.html">CCPA: Do not sell my personal info<span class="CopyrightsSection-LinkSeparator">|</span></a><a class="CopyrightsSection-Link" rel="noreferrer" data-discover="true" href="/cookie-policy" target="_blank">Cookies<span class="CopyrightsSection-LinkSeparator">|</span></a><a class="CopyrightsSection-Link" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://informa.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy<span class="CopyrightsSection-LinkSeparator">|</span></a><a class="CopyrightsSection-Link" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://tech.informa.com/terms-and-conditions">Terms</a></div></div></div></div></footer></div></div></main><script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script>((STORAGE_KEY, restoreKey) => { if (!window.history.state || !window.history.state.key) { let key = Math.random().toString(32).slice(2); window.history.replaceState({ key }, ""); } try { let positions = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY) || "{}"); let storedY = positions[restoreKey || window.history.state.key]; if (typeof storedY === "number") { window.scrollTo(0, storedY); } } catch (error) { console.error(error); sessionStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_KEY); } })("positions", null)</script><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/manifest-A2F38A42.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/entry.client-SFHSSSEN.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-RVHE4U6B.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-SJXV5VAW.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-63EVRDSK.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-ADMCF34Z.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-QLNIWV7P.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-VAILQJN5.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-RZRUW7QG.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-3MIG7PUI.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-B7M2L5OV.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-JWYSME77.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-JRHR4PP4.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-WTDTITBY.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-VZQVWFLO.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-4PCUPHYO.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-JERMOH2I.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-265XATAY.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-5JUJG2OP.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-BC6KZFPP.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-QVUW3IXO.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-ALTNKHHR.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-HMGGHMSJ.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-IW54JVOH.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/root-TPDAOOC5.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-BEXYKDRS.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-ED7QE4BI.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-JSR73AOE.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-2GCGBGJC.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-V2OXSPCY.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-TMZP7SNL.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-67BSXSX4.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-AZ4H7HW6.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-WJRCTNP6.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-RF3GAYWA.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-7IHSV4VV.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-PLHCH5TH.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-6GCYGCGB.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-WGLVXOTX.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-WXVEBWE3.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-7WX3BG7O.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-S6Q7UVRU.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-2Q3IQPTU.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-B765HE7O.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-4DPVJM62.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-PHSYQFSR.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-GGO4FWBQ.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-N3DN6AS5.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-IJ353W5V.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-C5UGRRW5.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-KNORYGJC.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/_shared/chunk-TDM4RAGW.js"/><link rel="modulepreload" href="/build/routes/$topic.$slug._index-J4IJ2FVO.js"/><script>window.__remixContext = {"future":{"v3_fetcherPersist":false,"v3_relativeSplatPath":false,"v3_throwAbortReason":false},"state":{"loaderData":{"root":{"brand":"datacenterknowledge","authenticationStatus":"anonymous","siteName":"DataCenterKnowledge","ads":{"networkId":3834,"parentAdUnit":"dcknowledge.home","enabledAds":"all","checkClientIP":false,"disableSponsorBar":true},"authConfig":{"enabled":false,"disableCaptcha":false},"vwo":{"enabled":true,"accountId":"734041"},"isDctsTurnOn":false,"oneTrust":{"siteId":"48779144-0274-45bc-a3a3-47e45bd4a638"},"gtmIds":{"primary":"GTM-5523ZCM","secondary":"GTM-MTN2X7K"},"ui":{"brand":"datacenterknowledge","theme":"theme1","font":{"primary":{"name":"Inter","url":"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100;200;300;400;500;600;700;800;900\u0026display=swap"},"secondary":{"name":"Inter","url":"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100;200;300;400;500;600;700;800;900\u0026display=swap"}}},"environment":"prod","featureToggles":{"elnNewsletter":false,"elnWithoutNewsletter":false,"iirisAuthentication":false,"subBrand":false,"useSettingsRedirectAPIVersion1":false,"gatingEnabled":false,"iirisRecommendationDisabled":false,"iasPetEnabled":false,"bridgedMediaEnabled":false,"ecommerceEnabled":false,"iirisRecommendationVer":"version4","weather3MonthForecastEnabled":false},"layout":{"socialLinks":[{"type":"Facebook","url":"https://www.facebook.com/DataCenterKnowledge/"},{"type":"Twitter","url":"http://twitter.com/datacenter"},{"type":"Linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/company/data-center-knowledge/"},{"type":"GoogleNews","url":"https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqNQgKIi9DQklTSFFnTWFoa0tGMlJoZEdGalpXNTBaWEpyYm05M2JHVmtaMlV1WTI5dEtBQVAB?ceid=US:en\u0026oc=3"},{"type":"RSS","url":"/rss.xml"}],"informaBar":{"enabled":true,"leftSection":{"description":"Data Center Knowledge is part of the Informa Tech Division of Informa PLC","subMenu":[{"title":"INFORMA PLC","url":"https://informa.com/"},{"title":"ABOUT US","url":"https://informa.com/about-us/"},{"title":"INVESTOR RELATIONS","url":"https://informa.com/investors/"},{"title":"TALENT","url":"https://informa.com/talent/"}]},"rightSection":{"description":"This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Registered in England and Wales. Number 8860726."}},"nav":{"mainMenuItems":[{"title":"Infrastructure","url":"/infrastructure","seeAllLink":"See All Infrastructure","seeAllLinkUrl":"/infrastructure","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Hardware","url":"/infrastructure/data-center-hardware"},{"title":"Networking","url":"/infrastructure/networking"},{"title":"Cooling","url":"/infrastructure/cooling"},{"title":"Data Storage","url":"/infrastructure/data-storage"}],"recentContents":[{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg","alt":"manual heating controller with red and blue arrows in fire and ice background"},"articleName":"Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers","mobileHeadline":"Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers","articleSummary":"Liquid cooling not only cuts energy use in data centers but also unlocks heat reuse opportunities – benefiting operators and local communities alike.","articleUrl":"/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 20, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Cooling","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure/cooling","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Christopher Tozzi","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg"}],"timeRead":4,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"},{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg","alt":"Red, yellow, green, and black shield graphics symbolizing cybersecurity levels and safety margin."},"articleName":"Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce","mobileHeadline":"Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce","articleSummary":"This session reveals today’s tools, technologies, and methods to keep operations online and prevent the next crisis at your enterprise.","articleUrl":"/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce","listPageUrl":"/videos","date":"Nov 18, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Infrastructure","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure","contentType":"Video","contributors":[{"name":"Brandon Taylor","link":"/author/brandon-taylor","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9d2c09edb67d4fff/670fdd1c83ff5584504b72f0/BT_Headshot_cropped.webp"}],"timeRead":5,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"}]},{"title":"Build \u0026 Design","url":"/build-design","seeAllLink":"See All Build \u0026 Design","seeAllLinkUrl":"/build-design","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Construction","url":"/build-design/data-center-construction"},{"title":"Site Selection","url":"/build-design/data-center-site-selection"},{"title":"Energy \u0026 Power Supply","url":"/build-design/energy-power-supply"},{"title":"Modular Data Centers","url":"/build-design/modular-data-centers"}],"recentContents":[{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt44ca27a66fa407e3/6659f3c84bcb3c6bce786307/Data-Center-News-Roundup.jpg","alt":"Data Center News Roundup"},"articleName":"Data Center News Roundup: Global Updates, AI Highlights From Ignite 2024","mobileHeadline":"Data Center News Roundup: Global Updates, AI Highlights From Ignite 2024","articleSummary":"In this week’s top data center news, Meta plans a new Louisiana facility while Microsoft upgrades its Azure hardware lineup at Ignite 2024.","articleUrl":"/build-design/data-center-news-roundup-global-updates-ai-highlights-from-ignite-2024","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 22, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Build \u0026 Design","categoryUrl":"/build-design","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"James Walker","link":"/author/james-walker","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9851b0ada8bcd690/6647614173b1531f06eb1c36/James-Walker-Profile-2023-Square.jpg"}],"timeRead":4,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"},{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3f455c1d5917fbef/673f3edb9d8a1d12d4065547/Yotta_Server_Room.jpg","alt":"Server room at the Yotta data center in Navi Mumbai, India."},"articleName":"Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout","mobileHeadline":"Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout","articleSummary":"Blackstone's investment will cover Lancium's capital requirements to bring the data centers online by approximately 2028, reports Bloomberg.","articleUrl":"/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 21, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Investing","categoryUrl":"/business/investing","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Bloomberg News","link":"/author/bloomberg-news","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blta004e7e3859c3d5d/6658963a2764d03ba36f5ee9/bloomberg-logo-4.jpg"}],"timeRead":2,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"}]},{"title":"Ops \u0026 Mgmt","url":"/operations-and-management","seeAllLink":"See All Ops \u0026 Mgmt","seeAllLinkUrl":"/operations-and-management","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Data Center Software","url":"/operations-and-management/data-center-software"},{"title":"Hyperscalers","url":"/operations-and-management/hyperscalers"},{"title":"Cloud","url":"/operations-and-management/cloud"},{"title":"Colocation","url":"/operations-and-management/colocation"},{"title":"Management","url":"/operations-and-management/management"},{"title":"Observability","url":"/operations-and-management/data-observability"},{"title":"Supply Chain","url":"/operations-and-management/supply-chain"},{"title":"Uptime","url":"/operations-and-management/uptime"},{"title":"Career Development","url":"/operations-and-management/data-center-career-development"},{"title":"DEI","url":"/operations-and-management/diversity-inclusion"},{"title":"Training \u0026 Certs","url":"/operations-and-management/training-certifications"}],"recentContents":[{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg","alt":"Red, yellow, green, and black shield graphics symbolizing cybersecurity levels and safety margin."},"articleName":"Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce","mobileHeadline":"Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce","articleSummary":"This session reveals today’s tools, technologies, and methods to keep operations online and prevent the next crisis at your enterprise.","articleUrl":"/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce","listPageUrl":"/videos","date":"Nov 18, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Infrastructure","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure","contentType":"Video","contributors":[{"name":"Brandon Taylor","link":"/author/brandon-taylor","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9d2c09edb67d4fff/670fdd1c83ff5584504b72f0/BT_Headshot_cropped.webp"}],"timeRead":5,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"},{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt744fdaba0d534819/673794ac6ed05c827a557019/Data-Center-Financing.jpg","alt":"Data center financing strategies are evolving"},"articleName":"Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide","mobileHeadline":"Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide","articleSummary":"Explore financing strategies tailored to data center operations, from traditional loans to emerging options like yieldcos.","articleUrl":"/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 18, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Business","categoryUrl":"/business","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Patrick Lam","link":"/author/patrick-lam","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltd4ba75f7699c1097/66c72a6b8e2de36384a204be/Patrick-Lam.jpg"}],"timeRead":7,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"}]},{"title":"Business","url":"/business","seeAllLink":"See All Business","seeAllLinkUrl":"/business","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Regulations","url":"/business/regulations"},{"title":"Compliance","url":"/business/compliance"},{"title":"Investing","url":"/business/investing"},{"title":"Deals","url":"/business/deals"}],"recentContents":[{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3f455c1d5917fbef/673f3edb9d8a1d12d4065547/Yotta_Server_Room.jpg","alt":"Server room at the Yotta data center in Navi Mumbai, India."},"articleName":"Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout","mobileHeadline":"Blackstone Invests $500M in Lancium AI Buildout","articleSummary":"Blackstone's investment will cover Lancium's capital requirements to bring the data centers online by approximately 2028, reports Bloomberg.","articleUrl":"/investing/blackstone-invests-500-million-in-lancium-ai-buildout","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 21, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Investing","categoryUrl":"/business/investing","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Bloomberg News","link":"/author/bloomberg-news","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blta004e7e3859c3d5d/6658963a2764d03ba36f5ee9/bloomberg-logo-4.jpg"}],"timeRead":2,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"},{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt744fdaba0d534819/673794ac6ed05c827a557019/Data-Center-Financing.jpg","alt":"Data center financing strategies are evolving"},"articleName":"Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide","mobileHeadline":"Financing Strategies for Data Center Operations: A Comprehensive Guide","articleSummary":"Explore financing strategies tailored to data center operations, from traditional loans to emerging options like yieldcos.","articleUrl":"/business/financing-strategies-for-data-center-operations-a-comprehensive-guide","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 18, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Business","categoryUrl":"/business","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Patrick Lam","link":"/author/patrick-lam","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltd4ba75f7699c1097/66c72a6b8e2de36384a204be/Patrick-Lam.jpg"}],"timeRead":7,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"}]},{"title":"Security","url":"/security-and-risk-management","seeAllLink":"See all Security \u0026 Risk Mgmt","seeAllLinkUrl":"/security-and-risk-management","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Physical Security","url":"/security-and-risk-management/physical-security"},{"title":"Cybersecurity","url":"/security-and-risk-management/cybersecurity"},{"title":"Outages","url":"/security-and-risk-management/outages"},{"title":"Data Breaches","url":"/security-and-risk-management/data-breaches"}],"recentContents":[{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt435f81cc629269aa/67379ff64f8742b7c0653b0d/Cybersecurity_Levels_Andrii_Yalanskyi_via_Alamy_Stock.jpg","alt":"Red, yellow, green, and black shield graphics symbolizing cybersecurity levels and safety margin."},"articleName":"Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce","mobileHeadline":"Infrastructure Insight: Resilience is Uptime’s Secret Sauce","articleSummary":"This session reveals today’s tools, technologies, and methods to keep operations online and prevent the next crisis at your enterprise.","articleUrl":"/infrastructure/resilience-is-uptime-s-secret-sauce","listPageUrl":"/videos","date":"Nov 18, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Infrastructure","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure","contentType":"Video","contributors":[{"name":"Brandon Taylor","link":"/author/brandon-taylor","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9d2c09edb67d4fff/670fdd1c83ff5584504b72f0/BT_Headshot_cropped.webp"}],"timeRead":5,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"},{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt7ac6bbeafac1aa58/66fc06c9b154d0d37c394669/Data-Center-Insurance.jpg","alt":"Foreboding photograph of a locked server rack."},"articleName":"Managing Risk: Is Your Data Center Insurance up to the Test?","mobileHeadline":"Managing Risk: Is Your Data Center Insurance up to the Test?","articleSummary":"Insurance experts Stephen Raptis and Amy Koss review the types of insurance coverage data centers can purchase to protect against risk and ensure maximum protection.","articleUrl":"/security-and-risk-management/managing-risk-is-your-data-center-insurance-up-to-the-test","listPageUrl":"","date":"Oct 1, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Security \u0026 Risk Management","categoryUrl":"/security-and-risk-management","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Industry Perspectives","link":"/author/industry-perspectives","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt597bab584f8380cc/6659dd5ca827970e09f7a97a/DCK_IP.png"}],"timeRead":8,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"}]},{"title":"Next-Gen","url":"/next-gen-data-centers","seeAllLink":"See All Next-Gen","seeAllLinkUrl":"/next-gen-data-centers","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Supercomputers","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/supercomputers"},{"title":"AI","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/ai-data-centers"},{"title":"Edge","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/edge-data-centers"},{"title":"IoT","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/iot"},{"title":"Automation","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/automation"}],"recentContents":[{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt17007e93e9eeb318/6743d44eeb49707dc7b37ba9/Smart-Router-Data-Center.jpg","alt":"Smart router in a data center"},"articleName":"Next-Gen Networking: Exploring the Utility of Smart Routers in Data Centers","mobileHeadline":"Next-Gen Networking: Exploring the Utility of Smart Routers in Data Centers","articleSummary":"Do smart routers really fulfill the promise of improved performance and simplified network management for data centers?","articleUrl":"/switches-routers/next-gen-networking-exploring-the-utility-of-smart-routers-in-data-centers","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 25, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Switches \u0026 Routers","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure/data-center-hardware/switches-routers","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Christopher Tozzi","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg"}],"timeRead":4,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"},{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt73885f1bfdec1f54/67367176fedfc6f702f4b486/Oklo-Nuclear.jpg","alt":""},"articleName":"Altman-Backed Oklo Inks Nuclear Power Deal to Feed Data Centers","mobileHeadline":"Altman-Backed Oklo Inks Nuclear Power Deal to Feed Data Centers","articleSummary":"Oklo’s pipeline of data center power deals amounts to about 2.1 GW.","articleUrl":"/energy-power-supply/altman-backed-oklo-inks-nuclear-power-deal-to-feed-data-centers","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 14, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Energy \u0026 Power Supply","categoryUrl":"/build-design/energy-power-supply","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Will Wade","link":"/author/untitled","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt15c4983c2ed36fe7/66ec8e7334a539c3c693a780/dck_contributor_icon(2).png"},{"name":"Bloomberg News","link":"/author/bloomberg-news","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blta004e7e3859c3d5d/6658963a2764d03ba36f5ee9/bloomberg-logo-4.jpg"}],"timeRead":1,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"}]},{"title":"Sustainability","url":"/sustainability","seeAllLink":"See All Sustainability","seeAllLinkUrl":"/sustainability","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Green Materials","url":"/sustainability/green-materials"}],"recentContents":[{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg","alt":"manual heating controller with red and blue arrows in fire and ice background"},"articleName":"Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers","mobileHeadline":"Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers","articleSummary":"Liquid cooling not only cuts energy use in data centers but also unlocks heat reuse opportunities – benefiting operators and local communities alike.","articleUrl":"/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 20, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Cooling","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure/cooling","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Christopher Tozzi","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg"}],"timeRead":4,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"},{"thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbe16fb0bbf2fc49f/6737ca2513899360cb3a7ce7/Diamond-Semiconductor.jpg","alt":"diamond semiconductors can meet the increasing demands of data centers and other technology sectors"},"articleName":"Advancing Diamond Semiconductors for Sustainable, Efficient Data Center Power","mobileHeadline":"Advancing Diamond Semiconductors for Sustainable, Efficient Data Center Power","articleSummary":"Recent advancements in diamond semiconductors position these chips to meet the increasing demands of data centers and other technology sectors.","articleUrl":"/data-center-chips/advancing-diamond-semiconductors-for-sustainable-efficient-data-center-power","listPageUrl":"","date":"Nov 15, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Data Center Chips","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure/data-center-hardware/data-center-chips","contentType":"Article","contributors":[{"name":"Adam Khan","link":"/author/untitled","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blte7c36ffd40ffac53/6737cb217bfb2a75b743fb60/Adam-Khan-Diamond-Quanta.jpg"},{"name":"Industry Perspectives","link":"/author/industry-perspectives","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt597bab584f8380cc/6659dd5ca827970e09f7a97a/DCK_IP.png"}],"timeRead":3,"variant":"card-vertical","layoutVariant":"vertical"}]},{"title":"More","url":"/resources","seeAllLink":"Resource Library","seeAllLinkUrl":"/resources","hasSubMenu":true,"subMenu":[{"title":"Newsletters","url":"https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1\u0026sr=pp\u0026_t=pp:\u0026qf=w_dats36\u0026ch=dcknav"},{"title":"How To","url":"/latest-how-to"},{"title":"Industry Perspectives","url":"/program/industry-perspectives"},{"title":"Reports/Research","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=Guide\u0026types=eBook"},{"title":"Online Events","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=Virtual+Event\u0026types=Webinar"},{"title":"Live Events","url":"/events"},{"title":"AFCOM Leaders Lab","url":"https://leaders.afcom.com/ll19/Public/Enter.aspx"},{"title":"Podcasts","url":"/podcasts"},{"title":"White Papers","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=White+Paper"},{"title":"FastChats","url":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/keyword/fastchat"},{"title":"Advertise With Us","url":"/advertise"},{"title":"About Us","url":"/about-us"}],"recentContents":[]}],"secondaryMenu":[{"title":"Data Center World","url":"https://datacenterworld.com/?_mc=%20itme_x_x_le_tsprtsnr_dckr_x_x-DCW20"},{"title":"Documents","url":"/documents"},{"title":"Online Events","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=Virtual+Event\u0026types=Webinar"},{"title":"Advertise","url":"/advertise"}]},"megaMenu":{"largeMenu":[{"title":"Infrastructure","url":"/infrastructure","subMenu":[{"title":"Hardware","url":"/infrastructure/data-center-hardware"},{"title":"Networking","url":"/infrastructure/networking"},{"title":"Cooling","url":"/infrastructure/cooling"},{"title":"Data Storage","url":"/infrastructure/data-storage"}],"seeAllLink":"See All Infrastructure","seeAllLinkUrl":"/infrastructure"},{"title":"Build \u0026 Design","url":"/build-design","subMenu":[{"title":"Construction","url":"/build-design/data-center-construction"},{"title":"Site Selection","url":"/build-design/data-center-site-selection"},{"title":"Energy \u0026 Power Supply","url":"/build-design/energy-power-supply"},{"title":"Modular Data Centers","url":"/build-design/modular-data-centers"}],"seeAllLink":"See All Build \u0026 Design","seeAllLinkUrl":"/build-design"},{"title":"Ops \u0026 Mgmt","url":"/operations-and-management","subMenu":[{"title":"Data Center Software","url":"/operations-and-management/data-center-software"},{"title":"Hyperscalers","url":"/operations-and-management/hyperscalers"},{"title":"Cloud","url":"/operations-and-management/cloud"},{"title":"Colocation","url":"/operations-and-management/colocation"},{"title":"Management","url":"/operations-and-management/management"},{"title":"Observability","url":"/operations-and-management/data-observability"},{"title":"Supply Chain","url":"/operations-and-management/supply-chain"},{"title":"Uptime","url":"/operations-and-management/uptime"},{"title":"Career Development","url":"/operations-and-management/data-center-career-development"},{"title":"DEI","url":"/operations-and-management/diversity-inclusion"},{"title":"Training \u0026 Certs","url":"/operations-and-management/training-certifications"}],"seeAllLink":"See All Ops \u0026 Mgmt","seeAllLinkUrl":"/operations-and-management"},{"title":"Business","url":"/business","subMenu":[{"title":"Regulations","url":"/business/regulations"},{"title":"Compliance","url":"/business/compliance"},{"title":"Investing","url":"/business/investing"},{"title":"Deals","url":"/business/deals"}],"seeAllLink":"See All Business","seeAllLinkUrl":"/business"},{"title":"Security","url":"/security-and-risk-management","subMenu":[{"title":"Physical Security","url":"/security-and-risk-management/physical-security"},{"title":"Cybersecurity","url":"/security-and-risk-management/cybersecurity"},{"title":"Outages","url":"/security-and-risk-management/outages"},{"title":"Data Breaches","url":"/security-and-risk-management/data-breaches"}],"seeAllLink":"See all Security \u0026 Risk Mgmt","seeAllLinkUrl":"/security-and-risk-management"},{"title":"Next-Gen","url":"/next-gen-data-centers","subMenu":[{"title":"Supercomputers","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/supercomputers"},{"title":"AI","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/ai-data-centers"},{"title":"Edge","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/edge-data-centers"},{"title":"IoT","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/iot"},{"title":"Automation","url":"/next-gen-data-centers/automation"}],"seeAllLink":"See All Next-Gen","seeAllLinkUrl":"/next-gen-data-centers"},{"title":"Sustainability","url":"/sustainability","subMenu":[{"title":"Green Materials","url":"/sustainability/green-materials"}],"seeAllLink":"See All Sustainability","seeAllLinkUrl":"/sustainability"},{"title":"More","url":"/resources","subMenu":[{"title":"Newsletters","url":"https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1\u0026sr=pp\u0026_t=pp:\u0026qf=w_dats36\u0026ch=dcknav"},{"title":"How To","url":"/latest-how-to"},{"title":"Industry Perspectives","url":"/program/industry-perspectives"},{"title":"Reports/Research","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=Guide\u0026types=eBook"},{"title":"Online Events","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=Virtual+Event\u0026types=Webinar"},{"title":"Live Events","url":"/events"},{"title":"AFCOM Leaders Lab","url":"https://leaders.afcom.com/ll19/Public/Enter.aspx"},{"title":"Podcasts","url":"/podcasts"},{"title":"White Papers","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=White+Paper"},{"title":"FastChats","url":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/keyword/fastchat"},{"title":"Advertise With Us","url":"/advertise"},{"title":"About Us","url":"/about-us"}],"seeAllLink":"Resource Library","seeAllLinkUrl":"/resources"}],"smallMenu":[{"title":"Browse","url":"","subMenu":[{"title":"Documents","url":"/documents"},{"title":"Online Events","url":"/resources?page=1\u0026types=Virtual+Event\u0026types=Webinar"},{"title":"Live Events","url":"/events"},{"title":"How To","url":"/latest-how-to"},{"title":"Podcasts","url":"/podcasts"},{"title":"Industry Perspectives","url":"/program/industry-perspectives"},{"title":"AFCOM Leaders Lab","url":"https://leaders.afcom.com/ll19/Public/Enter.aspx"}]},{"title":"Advertise","url":"","subMenu":[{"title":"Explore Marketing Solutions","url":"/advertise"}]},{"title":"Discover More","url":"","subMenu":[{"title":"Data Center World","url":"https://datacenterworld.com/?_mc=itme_x_x_le_tsprtsnr_dckr_x_x-DCW20"},{"title":"AFCOM","url":"https://afcom.com/"},{"title":"ITPro Today","url":"https://www.itprotoday.com/"},{"title":"InformationWeek","url":"https://www.informationweek.com/"},{"title":"Network Computing","url":"https://www.networkcomputing.com/"}]}],"sideNavSections":[{"title":"Communicate","url":"","subMenu":[{"title":"About Us","url":"/about-us"},{"title":"Contact Us","url":"/contact-us"},{"title":"Submit Your News","url":"/submit-your-news"},{"title":"Submit Thought Leadership","url":"/industry-perspectives-thought-leadership"}],"seeAllLink":"","seeAllLinkUrl":""}]},"navBase":{"logo":{"url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt6f4dd7e78c61f672/65dc57bd546de0040adbc09d/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge.svg","altText":"Data Center Knowledge Logo"}},"footer":{"logo":{"url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png","altText":"Data Center Knowledge Logo"},"linkSections":[{"links":[{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"Data Center World","url":"https://datacenterworld.com/?_mc=itme_x_x_le_tsprtsnr_dckr_x_x-DCW20"},{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"AFCOM","url":"https://afcom.com/"},{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"ITPro Today","url":"https://www.itprotoday.com/"},{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"InformationWeek","url":"https://www.informationweek.com/"},{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"Network Computing","url":"https://www.networkcomputing.com"}],"title":"Discover More","type":"1"},{"links":[{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":false,"title":"About Us","url":"/about-us"},{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"Reprints","url":"https://info.wrightsmedia.com/informa-licensing-reprints-request"},{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":false,"title":"Advertise","url":"/advertise"},{"image":{"altText":"","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltbf422dfbeeb2c7e7/65def9f2125e10040a304c7f/Logo_-_Data_Center_Knowledge@2x.png"},"openInNewTab":false,"title":"Contact Us","url":"/contact-us"}],"title":"Working With Us","type":"1"}],"brandLinks":[],"copyright":{"businessUnit":{"url":"https://www.informatech.com/","name":"Informa Tech","logoUrl":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt6446244bcc5b6339/65d73a2312508e040a3efc15/InformaTechBTYB_240x60.png"},"links":[{"image":{"altText":"Home","url":"https://www.informatech.com/"},"openInNewTab":false,"title":"Home","url":"https://www.informatech.com/"},{"image":{"altText":"CCPA: Do not sell my personal info","url":"https://privacyportal-eu-cdn.onetrust.com/dsarwebform/c1f53e84-9f05-4169-a854-85052b63c50b/5f26b553-52cc-4973-a761-295d5634a6b6.html"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"CCPA: Do not sell my personal info","url":"https://privacyportal-eu-cdn.onetrust.com/dsarwebform/c1f53e84-9f05-4169-a854-85052b63c50b/5f26b553-52cc-4973-a761-295d5634a6b6.html"},{"image":{"altText":"Cookies","url":"/cookie-policy"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"Cookies","url":"/cookie-policy"},{"image":{"altText":"Privacy","url":"https://informa.com/privacy-policy/"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"Privacy","url":"https://informa.com/privacy-policy/"},{"image":{"altText":"Terms","url":"https://tech.informa.com/terms-and-conditions"},"openInNewTab":true,"title":"Terms","url":"https://tech.informa.com/terms-and-conditions"}],"title":" Informa PLC Informa UK Limited is a company registered in England and Wales with company number 1072954 whose registered office is 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG."}},"isSponsorBarEnabled":true,"isPaidContent":false},"newRelicJs":"window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {\"agent\":\"\",\"beacon\":\"bam.eu01.nr-data.net\",\"errorBeacon\":\"bam.eu01.nr-data.net\",\"licenseKey\":\"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87\",\"applicationID\":\"514059305\",\"agentToken\":null,\"applicationTime\":17.842964,\"transactionName\":\"MhBSZQoZWEEDU0ZaXgtac0QLDFlfTR9WUkUEWENFFwpXVQcfRltUSAVCXgtVV1wGHVFcXxZYX1dVCENQDllRHlIJGkVVVQtCXRBRVVYcAxpCHBwZQlNPU1ddRQAHHVMZG11HEkM=\",\"queueTime\":0,\"ttGuid\":\"0d836a4b5e3bb195\"}; (window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:[\"bam.eu01.nr-data.net\"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:\"538480682\",accountID:\"3936348\",trustKey:\"3288925\",xpid:\"Vw8EV1VXABAFVVVSAggEVlE=\",licenseKey:\"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87\",applicationID:\"514059305\"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */\n(()=\u003e{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{a:()=\u003ei});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||\"object\"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||\"object\"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])\u0026\u0026Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):\"object\"==typeof e[a]\u0026\u0026\"object\"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Vp:()=\u003ec,fn:()=\u003es,x1:()=\u003eu});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey\u0026\u0026!!t.errorBeacon\u0026\u0026!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All info objects require an agent identifier!\");if(!a[e])throw new Error(\"Info for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All info objects require an agent identifier!\");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r\u0026\u0026(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{D0:()=\u003eh,gD:()=\u003eg,xN:()=\u003ep});var n=r(993);const i=e=\u003e{if(!e||\"string\"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u=\"[data-nr-mask]\",d=()=\u003e{const e={mask_selector:\"*\",block_selector:\"[data-nr-block]\",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,\"datetime-local\":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector=\"\".concat(t,\",\").concat(u):\"\"===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return\"nr-block\"},get ignore_class(){return\"nr-ignore\"},get mask_text_class(){return\"nr-mask\"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=\",\".concat(t):\"\"!==t\u0026\u0026(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t\u0026\u0026\"object\"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f=\"All configuration objects require an agent identifier!\";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error(\"Configuration for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r\u0026\u0026(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split(\".\"),i=0;i\u003cn.length-1;i++)if(\"object\"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{a:()=\u003ec,o:()=\u003es});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!\");if(!a[e])throw new Error(\"LoaderConfig for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!\");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r\u0026\u0026(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{V:()=\u003ef,f:()=\u003el});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All runtime objects require an agent identifier!\");if(!d[e])throw new Error(\"Runtime for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All runtime objects require an agent identifier!\");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],\"harvestCount\")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],\"harvestCount\",{get:()=\u003e++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r\u0026\u0026(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{F3:()=\u003ei,Xs:()=\u003eo,Yq:()=\u003ea,xv:()=\u003en});const n=\"1.274.0\",i=\"PROD\",o=\"CDN\",a=\"^2.0.0-alpha.17\"},6154:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{A4:()=\u003es,OF:()=\u003ed,RI:()=\u003ei,WN:()=\u003eh,bv:()=\u003eo,gm:()=\u003ea,lR:()=\u003ef,m:()=\u003eu,mw:()=\u003ec,sb:()=\u003el});var n=r(1863);const i=\"undefined\"!=typeof window\u0026\u0026!!window.document,o=\"undefined\"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope\u0026\u0026(\"undefined\"!=typeof self\u0026\u0026self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope\u0026\u0026self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||\"undefined\"!=typeof globalThis\u0026\u0026globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope\u0026\u0026globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:\"undefined\"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope\u0026\u0026(\"undefined\"!=typeof self\u0026\u0026self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope\u0026\u0026self||\"undefined\"!=typeof globalThis\u0026\u0026globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope\u0026\u0026globalThis),s=\"complete\"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean(\"hidden\"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=\"\"+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d\u0026\u0026\"undefined\"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=\u003e{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\\s](\\d+\\.\\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)\u0026\u0026e.length\u003e=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Xv:()=\u003ea,gX:()=\u003ei,iW:()=\u003eo});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t\u003cn.length;t++){var r=n[t];if(\"*\"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)\u0026\u0026c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e\u0026\u0026e.length)for(var t=0;t\u003ce.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf(\"http://\")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf(\"https://\")\u0026\u0026(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf(\"/\");let o,a;i\u003e0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a=\"\");let[s]=o.split(\":\");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length\u003et.length)\u0026\u0026t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf(\"/\")\u0026\u0026(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf(\"/\")\u0026\u0026(t=t.substring(1)),\"\"===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Ak:()=\u003ec,Ze:()=\u003el,x3:()=\u003eu});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e\u0026\u0026s[e]\u0026\u0026(s[e].get(t)\u0026\u0026s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size\u0026\u0026f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"agentIdentifier required\");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e=\"\",t=\"feature\",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=\u003et.staged))\u0026\u0026(t.sort(((e,t)=\u003ee[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=\u003e{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted\u0026\u0026o.backlog\u0026\u0026s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e\u0026\u0026t\u003ce.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=\u003e{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=\u003e{t[0]?.on\u0026\u0026t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y\u0026\u0026t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit(\"drain-\"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=\u003e{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{P:()=\u003ec,ee:()=\u003eu});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c=\"nr@context:\".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length\u0026\u0026(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i\u003cr.length;i++)r[i]===t\u0026\u0026r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o\u0026\u0026(o=!0);if(u.aborted\u0026\u0026!i)return;t\u0026\u0026o\u0026\u0026t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l\u003cd;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p\u0026\u0026p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||\"feature\",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=\u003e{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=\u003e{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t\u0026\u0026\"object\"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,\"aborted\",{get:()=\u003e{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t\u0026\u0026(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e\u0026\u0026e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=\u003enew a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,\"globalEE\"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{y:()=\u003en});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{d:()=\u003en,p:()=\u003ei});var n=r(7836).ee.get(\"handle\");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{i:()=\u003eo});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o=\"feature\"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=\u003eo,jT:()=\u003en,sp:()=\u003ei})},5607:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{W:()=\u003en});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{LA:()=\u003es,ZF:()=\u003ec,bz:()=\u003ea,el:()=\u003eu});var n=r(6154);const i=\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\";function o(e,t){return e?15\u0026e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e\u0026\u0026e.getRandomValues\u0026\u0026(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split(\"\").map((e=\u003e\"x\"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):\"y\"===e?(3\u0026o()|8).toString(16):e)).join(\"\")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t\u0026\u0026t.getRandomValues\u0026\u0026(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s\u003ce;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join(\"\")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{BB:()=\u003ea,H3:()=\u003en,g:()=\u003eu,iL:()=\u003ec,tS:()=\u003es,uh:()=\u003ei,wk:()=\u003eo});const n=\"NRBA\",i=\"SESSION\",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:\"session-started\",PAUSE:\"session-pause\",RESET:\"session-reset\",RESUME:\"session-resume\",UPDATE:\"session-update\"},c={SAME_TAB:\"same-tab\",CROSS_TAB:\"cross-tab\"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=\u003en})},7485:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{D:()=\u003ei});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||\"\").indexOf(\"data:\"))return{protocol:\"data\"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(\":\")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol\u0026\u0026t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port\u0026\u0026\"\"!==r.port||(\"http:\"===t.protocol\u0026\u0026(r.port=\"80\"),\"https:\"===t.protocol\u0026\u0026(r.port=\"443\")),r.pathname\u0026\u0026\"\"!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith(\"/\")||(r.pathname=\"/\".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname=\"/\",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";function n(e,t){\"function\"==typeof console.debug\u0026\u0026console.debug(\"New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#\".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=\u003en})},5284:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{t:()=\u003ec,B:()=\u003es});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o=\"newrelic\";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e\u0026\u0026\"object\"==typeof e\u0026\u0026(a.has(t)||(r.emit(\"rumresp\",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{I:()=\u003ei});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty\u0026\u0026Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=\u003e{n\u0026\u0026void 0===i\u0026\u0026(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=\u003e{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=\u003e{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=\u003e{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=\u003ei,s:()=\u003en})},3304:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{A:()=\u003eo});var n=r(7836);const i=()=\u003e{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=\u003e{if(\"object\"==typeof r\u0026\u0026null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??\"\"}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit(\"internal-error\",[e])}catch(e){}return\"\"}}},5289:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{GG:()=\u003eo,sB:()=\u003ea});var n=r(3878);function i(){return\"undefined\"==typeof document||\"complete\"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)(\"load\",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)(\"DOMContentLoaded\",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{NT:()=\u003eo,US:()=\u003ed,Zm:()=\u003ea,bQ:()=\u003ec,dV:()=\u003es,nY:()=\u003eu,pV:()=\u003el});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:\"bam.nr-data.net\",errorBeacon:\"bam.nr-data.net\"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic\u0026\u0026(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{u:()=\u003ei});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)(\"visibilitychange\",(function(){if(t)return void(\"hidden\"===document.visibilityState\u0026\u0026e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{u:()=\u003ef});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u=\"addEventListener\",d=\"removeEventListener\",l=\"nr@wrapped:\".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get(\"events\")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],\"-\",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return\"getPrototypeOf\"in Object\u0026\u0026(a.RI\u0026\u0026h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+\"-start\",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n\u0026\u0026(\"function\"==typeof n||\"object\"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if(\"function\"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,\"fn-\",null,e.name||\"anonymous\"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+\"-start\",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;\"object\"==typeof n\u0026\u0026!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n\u0026\u0026t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Jt:()=\u003eo,YM:()=\u003ec});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o=\"nr@original:\".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n=\"\");const a=\"-\"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s\u003ct.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=\"\"),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty\u0026\u0026Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)\u0026\u0026(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d=\"function\"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,\"\",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+\"start\",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+\"err\",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+\"end\",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit(\"internal-error\",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e\u0026\u0026\"function\"==typeof e\u0026\u0026e.apply\u0026\u0026!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=\u003en});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{TZ:()=\u003en,Zp:()=\u003ei,mq:()=\u003es,nf:()=\u003ea,qN:()=\u003eo});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=[\"auxclick\",\"click\",\"copy\",\"keydown\",\"paste\",\"scrollend\"],o=[\"focus\",\"blur\"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=\u003en});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{ET:()=\u003eo,TZ:()=\u003ea,p_:()=\u003ei});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:\"ERROR\",WARN:\"WARN\",INFO:\"INFO\",DEBUG:\"DEBUG\",TRACE:\"TRACE\"},o=\"log\",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{R:()=\u003ec,b:()=\u003eu});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,[\"API/logging/\".concat(c.toLowerCase(),\"/called\")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return\"string\"==typeof e\u0026\u0026Object.values(s.p_).some((t=\u003et===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{TZ:()=\u003en,XG:()=\u003es,rs:()=\u003ei,xV:()=\u003ea,z_:()=\u003eo});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i=\"sm\",o=\"cm\",a=\"storeSupportabilityMetrics\",s=\"storeEventMetrics\"},6630:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=\u003en});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=\u003en});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{BB:()=\u003ed,G4:()=\u003eo,Qb:()=\u003el,TZ:()=\u003ei,Ug:()=\u003ea,_s:()=\u003es,bc:()=\u003eu,yP:()=\u003ec});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:\"recordReplay\",PAUSE:\"pauseReplay\",REPLAY_RUNNING:\"replayRunning\",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:\"errorDuringReplay\"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:\"Session was reset\",sm:\"Reset\"},IMPORT:{message:\"Recorder failed to import\",sm:\"Import\"},TOO_MANY:{message:\"429: Too Many Requests\",sm:\"Too-Many\"},TOO_BIG:{message:\"Payload was too large\",sm:\"Too-Big\"},CROSS_TAB:{message:\"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab\",sm:\"Cross-Tab\"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:\"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started\",sm:\"Entitlement\"}},d=5e3,l={API:\"api\"}},5270:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Aw:()=\u003ec,CT:()=\u003eu,SR:()=\u003es});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO\u0026\u0026(0,o.V)(e)\u0026\u0026!0===(0,i.gD)(e,\"session_trace.enabled\")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,\"session_replay.preload\")\u0026\u0026s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{He:()=\u003ei,Kp:()=\u003es,Lc:()=\u003eu,Rz:()=\u003ed,TZ:()=\u003en,bD:()=\u003eo,d3:()=\u003ea,jx:()=\u003el,uP:()=\u003ec});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i=\"bstResource\",o=\"resource\",a=\"-start\",s=\"-end\",c=\"fn\"+a,u=\"fn\"+s,d=\"pushState\",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{AM:()=\u003eo,O2:()=\u003es,Qu:()=\u003ec,TZ:()=\u003ea,ih:()=\u003eu,tC:()=\u003ei});var n=r(860);const i=[\"click\",\"keydown\",\"submit\"],o=\"api\",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:\"\",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:\"in progress\",FIN:\"finished\",CAN:\"cancelled\"}},7378:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{$p:()=\u003ex,BR:()=\u003eb,Kp:()=\u003eR,L3:()=\u003ey,Lc:()=\u003ec,NC:()=\u003eo,SG:()=\u003ed,TZ:()=\u003ei,U6:()=\u003ep,UT:()=\u003em,d3:()=\u003ew,dT:()=\u003ef,e5:()=\u003eA,gx:()=\u003ev,l9:()=\u003el,oW:()=\u003eh,op:()=\u003eg,rw:()=\u003eu,tH:()=\u003eE,uP:()=\u003es,wW:()=\u003eT,xq:()=\u003ea});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=[\"click\",\"submit\",\"keypress\",\"keydown\",\"keyup\",\"change\"],a=999,s=\"fn-start\",c=\"fn-end\",u=\"cb-start\",d=\"api-ixn-\",l=\"remaining\",f=\"interaction\",h=\"spaNode\",p=\"jsonpNode\",g=\"fetch-start\",m=\"fetch-done\",v=\"fetch-body-\",b=\"jsonp-end\",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w=\"-start\",R=\"-end\",x=\"-body\",T=\"cb\"+R,A=\"jsTime\",E=\"fetch\"},4234:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{W:()=\u003eo});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{V:()=\u003eo});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=\u003ei.RI\u0026\u0026!0===(0,n.gD)(e,\"privacy.cookies_enabled\")},425:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{j:()=\u003ej});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=[\"setErrorHandler\",\"finished\",\"addToTrace\",\"addRelease\",\"addPageAction\",\"setCurrentRouteName\",\"setPageViewName\",\"setCustomAttribute\",\"interaction\",\"noticeError\",\"setUserId\",\"setApplicationVersion\",\"start\",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,\"log\",\"wrapLogger\"],m=[\"setErrorHandler\",\"finished\",\"addToTrace\",\"addRelease\"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if(\"object\"!=typeof t||!t||\"string\"!=typeof r||!r||\"function\"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get(\"logger\")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],\"wrap-logger-\",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=\u003e{e[t]=(...r)=\u003efunction(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=\u003e{e\u0026\u0026e.api?e.exposed\u0026\u0026e.api[t]\u0026\u0026n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length\u003e1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=\u003e{const t=e.startsWith(\"http\");e+=\"/\",r.p=t?e:\"https://\"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv\u0026\u0026(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets\u0026\u0026(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon\u0026\u0026D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)(\"activatedFeatures\",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa\u0026\u0026=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled\u0026\u0026H.feature_flags.includes(\"soft_nav\")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api\u0026\u0026(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,\"api\");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get(\"tracer\");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=\u003e{E[e]=t}));var A=\"api-\",S=A+\"ixn-\";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?\"session\":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/log/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=\u003e{(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/wrapLogger/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=\u003e{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,\"api\")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,\"addPageAction\",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if(\"string\"==typeof t)return\"/\"!==t.charAt(0)\u0026\u0026(t=\"/\"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||\"http://custom.transaction\")+t,I(A,\"setPageViewName\",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if(\"string\"==typeof e){if([\"string\",\"number\",\"boolean\"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,\"setCustomAttribute\",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if(\"string\"==typeof e||null===e)return N(\"enduser.id\",e,\"setUserId\",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if(\"string\"==typeof e||null===e)return N(\"application.version\",e,\"setApplicationVersion\",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=\u003e{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/start/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit(\"manual-start-all\")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/recordReplay/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/pauseReplay/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get(\"object\"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o=\"function\"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/createTracer/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+\"tracer\",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?\"\":\"no-\")+\"fn-start\",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t=\"string\"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit(\"fn-err\",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit(\"fn-end\",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/\"+t+\"/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i\u0026\u0026(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=\u003e{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,\"api\")})).catch((e=\u003e{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return[\"actionText\",\"setName\",\"setAttribute\",\"save\",\"ignore\",\"onEnd\",\"getContext\",\"end\",\"get\"].forEach((e=\u003e{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,\"routeName\",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,\"routeName\",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){\"string\"==typeof t\u0026\u0026(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/noticeError/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(\"err\",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=\u003ej()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed\u0026\u0026(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=\u003e{r.nc=(()=\u003e{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return\"\"})()},860:(e,t,r)=\u003e{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{$J:()=\u003eo,K7:()=\u003en,P3:()=\u003ei});const n={ajax:\"ajax\",genericEvents:\"generic_events\",jserrors:\"jserrors\",logging:\"logging\",metrics:\"metrics\",pageAction:\"page_action\",pageViewEvent:\"page_view_event\",pageViewTiming:\"page_view_timing\",sessionReplay:\"session_replay\",sessionTrace:\"session_trace\",softNav:\"soft_navigations\",spa:\"spa\"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:\"events\",[n.ajax]:\"events\",[n.spa]:\"events\",[n.softNav]:\"events\",[n.metrics]:\"jserrors\",[n.jserrors]:\"jserrors\",[n.sessionTrace]:\"browser/blobs\",[n.sessionReplay]:\"browser/blobs\",[n.logging]:\"browser/logs\",[n.genericEvents]:\"ins\"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=\u003e{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)\u0026\u0026!i.o(e,r)\u0026\u0026Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=\u003ePromise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=\u003e(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=\u003e({212:\"nr-spa-compressor\",249:\"nr-spa-recorder\",478:\"nr-spa\"}[e]+\"-1.274.0.min.js\"),i.o=(e,t)=\u003eObject.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t=\"NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:\",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=\u003e{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName(\"script\"),d=0;d\u003cu.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute(\"src\")==r||l.getAttribute(\"data-webpack\")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:\"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==\",249:\"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==\",212:\"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw==\"};(s=document.createElement(\"script\")).charset=\"utf-8\",s.timeout=120,i.nc\u0026\u0026s.setAttribute(\"nonce\",i.nc),s.setAttribute(\"data-webpack\",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+\"/\")\u0026\u0026(s.crossOrigin=\"anonymous\"),f[a]\u0026\u0026(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=\u003e{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode\u0026\u0026s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i\u0026\u0026i.forEach((e=\u003ee(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:\"timeout\",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c\u0026\u0026document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=\u003e{\"undefined\"!=typeof Symbol\u0026\u0026Symbol.toStringTag\u0026\u0026Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:\"Module\"}),Object.defineProperty(e,\"__esModule\",{value:!0})},i.p=\"https://js-agent.newrelic.com/\",(()=\u003e{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=\u003e{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=\u003en=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=\u003e{if(i.o(e,t)\u0026\u0026(0!==(n=e[t])\u0026\u0026(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r\u0026\u0026(\"load\"===r.type?\"missing\":r.type),a=r\u0026\u0026r.target\u0026\u0026r.target.src;s.message=\"Loading chunk \"+t+\" failed.\\n(\"+o+\": \"+a+\")\",s.name=\"ChunkLoadError\",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),\"chunk-\"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=\u003e{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=\u003e0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)\u0026\u0026(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t\u0026\u0026t(r);u\u003ca.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)\u0026\u0026e[o]\u0026\u0026e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self[\"webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD\"]=self[\"webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD\"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=\u003e{\"use strict\";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if(\"function\"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e(\"addPageAction\",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e(\"setPageViewName\",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e(\"setCustomAttribute\",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e(\"noticeError\",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e(\"setUserId\",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e(\"setApplicationVersion\",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e(\"setErrorHandler\",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e(\"addRelease\",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e(\"log\",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if(\"function\"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e(\"start\")}finished(e){return this.#e(\"finished\",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e(\"addToTrace\",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e(\"setCurrentRouteName\",e)}interaction(){return this.#e(\"interaction\")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e(\"wrapLogger\",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=\u003e{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,\"\".concat(e,\".enabled\"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart\u0026\u0026(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on(\"manual-start-all\",(0,v.J)((()=\u003e{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=\u003e{n=e}));const o=async()=\u003e{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit(\"internal-error\",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay\u0026\u0026this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,\"aggregate\");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee\u0026\u0026this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=\u003eo()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)\u0026\u0026!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI\u0026\u0026((0,T.u)((()=\u003e(0,x.p)(\"docHidden\",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)(\"pagehide\",(()=\u003e(0,x.p)(\"winPagehide\",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name=\"UncaughtError\",this.message=\"string\"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t=\"Unhandled Promise Rejection\";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+\": \"+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+\": \"+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError\u0026\u0026!/:\\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error\u0026\u0026!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on(\"internal-error\",(e=\u003e{this.abortHandler\u0026\u0026(0,x.p)(\"ierr\",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=\u003e{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener(\"unhandledrejection\",(e=\u003e{this.abortHandler\u0026\u0026(0,x.p)(\"err\",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener(\"error\",(e=\u003e{this.abortHandler\u0026\u0026(0,x.p)(\"err\",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U=\"nr@id\";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||\"object\"!==t\u0026\u0026\"function\"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if(\"string\"==typeof e\u0026\u0026e.length)return e.length;if(\"object\"==typeof e){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof ArrayBuffer\u0026\u0026e instanceof ArrayBuffer\u0026\u0026e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if(\"undefined\"!=typeof Blob\u0026\u0026e instanceof Blob\u0026\u0026e.size)return e.size;if(!(\"undefined\"!=typeof FormData\u0026\u0026e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=[\"open\",\"send\"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"xhr\")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u=\"readystatechange\",d=[\"onload\",\"onerror\",\"onabort\",\"onloadstart\",\"onloadend\",\"onprogress\",\"ontimeout\"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit(\"new-xhr\",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState\u003e3\u0026\u0026!s.resolved\u0026\u0026(s.resolved=!0,n.emit(\"xhr-resolved\",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,\"fn-\",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit(\"internal-error\",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,[\"onreadystatechange\"],\"fn-\",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,\"-xhr-\",y),n.on(\"send-xhr-start\",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a\u0026\u0026(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on(\"open-xhr-start\",h),a){var g=s\u0026\u0026s.resolve();if(!c\u0026\u0026!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on(\"fn-end\",(function(e){e[0]\u0026\u0026e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e\u003cl.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length\u0026\u0026(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y=\"fetch-\",X=Y+\"body-\",J=[\"arrayBuffer\",\"blob\",\"json\",\"text\",\"formData\"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te=\"prototype\";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"fetch\")}(e);if(!(Q\u0026\u0026ee\u0026\u0026p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];\"function\"==typeof i\u0026\u0026(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+\"before-start\",[r],o),o[B.P]\u0026\u0026o[B.P].dt\u0026\u0026(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+\"start\",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+\"end\",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+\"end\",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=\u003e{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,\"fetch\",Y),t.on(Y+\"end\",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get(\"content-length\");null!==i\u0026\u0026(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+\"done\",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+\"done\",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||\"\").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||\"\").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||\"\").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)\u0026\u0026this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())\u0026\u0026(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin\u0026\u0026!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin\u0026\u0026this.isAllowedOrigin(e)\u0026\u0026this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())\u0026\u0026(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return\"00-\"+t+\"-\"+e+\"-01\"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+\"@nr=0-1-\"+r+\"-\"+n+\"-\"+e+\"----\"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!(\"function\"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:\"Browser\",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o\u0026\u0026n!==o\u0026\u0026(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()\u0026\u0026this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,\"distributed_tracing\")\u0026\u0026(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n\u003cr.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname\u0026\u0026e.protocol===i.protocol\u0026\u0026e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,\"distributed_tracing\");return!!e\u0026\u0026!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,\"distributed_tracing\");return!!e\u0026\u0026!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,\"distributed_tracing\");return!!e\u0026\u0026!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,\"distributed_tracing\");return!!e\u0026\u0026!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=[\"load\",\"error\",\"abort\",\"timeout\"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=\u003e(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:\"xhr\",fetch:\"fetch\",beacon:\"beacon\"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType(\"resource\").forEach((t=\u003e{if(t.initiatorType in e\u0026\u00260!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler(\"xhr\",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener(\"load\",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener(\"progress\",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid\u0026\u0026this.sameOrigin\u0026\u0026r.setRequestHeader(\"X-NewRelic-ID\",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader\u0026\u0026(r.setRequestHeader(\"newrelic\",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader\u0026\u0026(r.setRequestHeader(\"traceparent\",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader\u0026\u0026r.setRequestHeader(\"tracestate\",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o\u0026\u0026(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n\u0026\u0026i){var a=G(i);a\u0026\u0026(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{\"abort\"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),(\"load\"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs\u0026\u0026(o.onloadCalled||\"function\"!=typeof r.onload)\u0026\u0026\"function\"==typeof o.end)\u0026\u0026o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit(\"internal-error\",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s\u003cde;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled\u0026\u0026\"function\"==typeof r.onload||\"function\"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=\"\"+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids\u0026\u0026!this.xhrGuids[r]\u0026\u0026(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=\"\"+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids\u0026\u0026this.xhrGuids[r]\u0026\u0026(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe\u0026\u0026\"load\"===e[0]\u0026\u0026t.emit(\"xhr-load-added\",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe\u0026\u0026\"load\"===e[0]\u0026\u0026t.emit(\"xhr-load-removed\",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe\u0026\u0026(\"onload\"===r\u0026\u0026(this.onload=!0),(\"load\"===(e[0]\u0026\u0026e[0].type)||this.onload)\u0026\u0026(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart\u0026\u0026t.emit(\"xhr-cb-time\",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if(\"string\"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length\u0026\u0026p.RI\u0026\u0026(t=\"\"+p.gm.location.href):e[0]\u0026\u0026e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL\u0026\u0026e[0]\u0026\u0026e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:\"function\"==typeof e[0].toString\u0026\u0026(t=e[0].toString()),\"string\"==typeof t\u0026\u00260!==t.length){t\u0026\u0026(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i\u0026\u0026(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]\u0026\u0026e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)\u0026\u0026(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)\u0026\u0026(this.dt=i),e.length\u003e1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader\u0026\u0026(e.set(\"newrelic\",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader\u0026\u0026(e.set(\"traceparent\",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader\u0026\u0026e.set(\"tracestate\",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length\u003e=1\u0026\u0026(this.target=e[0]),e.length\u003e=2\u0026\u0026(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;\"string\"==typeof i?r=i:\"object\"==typeof i\u0026\u0026i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL\u0026\u0026\"object\"==typeof i\u0026\u0026i instanceof URL\u0026\u0026(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(\"\"+(i\u0026\u0026i instanceof le\u0026\u0026i.method||n.method||\"GET\")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,\"string\"==typeof this.rxSize\u0026\u0026this.rxSize.length\u003e0\u0026\u0026(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r(\"xhr\",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,\"fetch\"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t\u003cde;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status\u0026\u0026(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r(\"xhr\",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,\"xhr\"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return\"json\"===r\u0026\u0026null!==t?t:\"arraybuffer\"===r||\"blob\"===r||\"json\"===r?G(e.response):\"text\"===r||\"\"===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n\u0026\u0026(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader(\"X-NewRelic-App-Data\");i\u0026\u0026((0,x.p)(O.rs,[\"Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen\"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(\", \").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on(\"new-xhr\",i),t.on(\"open-xhr-start\",o),t.on(\"open-xhr-end\",s),t.on(\"send-xhr-start\",c),t.on(\"xhr-cb-time\",u),t.on(\"xhr-load-added\",d),t.on(\"xhr-load-removed\",l),t.on(\"xhr-resolved\",f),t.on(\"addEventListener-end\",h),t.on(\"removeEventListener-end\",g),t.on(\"fn-end\",v),t.on(\"fetch-before-start\",b),t.on(\"fetch-start\",y),t.on(\"fn-start\",m),t.on(\"fetch-done\",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+\":\"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=[\"pushState\",\"replaceState\"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"history\")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,\"-\")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)(\"bst\",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)(\"bstHist\",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=\u003e{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(\"\".concat(Oe.H3,\"_\").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)\u0026\u0026this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=\u003ethis.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on(\"err\",(e=\u003e{this.replayRunning\u0026\u0026(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=\u003e{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e\u0026\u0026(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL\u0026\u0026this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder\u0026\u0026this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL\u0026\u0026(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=\u003e{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=\u003e{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=\u003e(0,x.p)(\"newURL\",[(0,S.t)(),\"\"+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on(\"pushState-end\",n),r.on(\"replaceState-end\",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)(\"popstate\",(e=\u003e(0,x.p)(\"newURL\",[e.timeStamp,\"\"+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=\u003e{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=\u003e{(0,x.p)(\"newDom\",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=\u003e{(0,x.p)(\"newUIEvent\",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=[\"appendChild\",\"insertBefore\",\"replaceChild\"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"jsonp\")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?\u0026](?:callback|cb)=([^\u0026#]+)/,i=/(.*)\\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\\w+)(\\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,\"dom-\"),t.on(\"dom-start\",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||\"string\"!=typeof e.nodeName||\"script\"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if(\"function\"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t\u0026\u0026t.length\u003e=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if(\"function\"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit(\"jsonp-end\",[],d),e.removeEventListener(\"load\",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener(\"error\",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit(\"jsonp-error\",[],d),t.emit(\"jsonp-end\",[],d),e.removeEventListener(\"load\",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener(\"error\",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],\"cb-\",d),e.addEventListener(\"load\",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener(\"error\",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit(\"new-jsonp\",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"promise\")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i\u0026\u0026function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,\"executor-\",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,\"name\",{value:\"Promise\"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),[\"all\",\"race\"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=\u003e{this.resolve(e).then(a(\"all\"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit(\"propagate\",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),[\"resolve\",\"reject\"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r\u0026\u0026t.emit(\"propagate\",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],\"cb-\",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],\"cb-\",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit(\"propagate\",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on(\"executor-start\",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],\"resolve-\",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],\"resolve-\",this,null,!1)})),t.on(\"executor-err\",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on(\"cb-end\",(function(e,r,n){t.emit(\"propagate\",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on(\"propagate\",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx\u0026\u0026!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r\u0026\u0026r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke=\"setTimeout\",Ue=\"setInterval\",Ve=\"clearTimeout\",Ge=\"-start\",Fe=[Ke,\"setImmediate\",Ue,Ve,\"clearImmediate\"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"timer\")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+\"-\"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+\"-\"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+\"-\"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],\"fn-\",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],\"fn-\",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"mutation\")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n\u0026\u0026(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,\"fn-\")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get(\"tracer\"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get(\"events\"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit(\"newURL\",[\"\"+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r\u0026\u0026h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on(\"fn-err\",((...t)=\u003e{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)(\"function-err\",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,\"xhr-resolved\"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer([\"setTimeout\"+Ye,\"clearTimeout\"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,\"new-xhr\",\"send-xhr\"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+\"-done\",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer([\"newURL\"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer([\"propagate\",tt,Je,\"executor-err\",\"resolve\"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,\"no-\"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer([\"new-jsonp\",\"cb-start\",\"jsonp-error\",\"jsonp-end\"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+\"-done\"),v(o,\"new-jsonp\"),v(o,\"jsonp-end\"),v(o,\"cb-start\"),l.on(\"pushState-end\",h),l.on(\"replaceState-end\",h),window.addEventListener(\"hashchange\",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener(\"load\",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener(\"popstate\",(function(){h(0,n\u003e1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI\u0026\u0026e.init.user_actions.enabled\u0026\u0026(it.Zp.forEach((e=\u003e(0,A.sp)(e,(e=\u003e(0,x.p)(\"ua\",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=\u003e(0,A.sp)(e,(e=\u003e(0,x.p)(\"ua\",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=\u003ee))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on(\"wrap-logger-end\",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=\u003ee.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||\"agent\"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=\u003ea.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=\u003e{if(!t[r.featureName]\u0026\u0026r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa\u0026\u0026r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa\u0026\u0026r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=\u003e!(e in this.features)));n.length\u003e0\u0026\u0026(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:\"spa\"})})()})();","testAutomationFlags":{"disableAds":false,"disableIirisAuth":false,"disableWelcomeAd":false,"disableBigskyAd":false,"disableIirisRecommend":false,"disableDcts":false,"disableWeatherWidget":false,"disableCashGrainWidget":false,"disableCommoditiesWidget":false,"disableCaptcha":false,"disableCookieBanner":false,"overrideBrandStyling":"","overrideThemeStyling":""},"configState":{"font":{"primary":{"name":"Inter","url":"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100;200;300;400;500;600;700;800;900\u0026display=swap"},"secondary":{"name":"Inter","url":"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100;200;300;400;500;600;700;800;900\u0026display=swap"}},"theme":"theme1","uiBrand":"datacenterknowledge","isMarketsDivision":false,"image":{"brand":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt2fce11e66db3fbf1/65defa07aca640040a5a01f7/Placeholder_image_(1).svg","contributor":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt7cebc0c4d9d9e378/6584b77f22995e040a5bde28/theme1_placeholder_avatar.png"},"media":{"brightcoveAccountId":""},"newsletterSignupPromo":{"unbounceURL":"https://dck-resources.datacenterknowledge.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1\u0026sr=pp\u0026_t=pp:\u0026qf=w_dats36\u0026ch=dcksitebtn","elnConfig":{"newsletter":{"subscribeForm":{"title":"Subscribe to Our Newsletters","subtitle":"Subtitle"},"subscribeConfirm":{"title":"Subscribe to Our Newsletters","subtitle":"Subtitle"}}}},"isOneTrustLoaded":false}},"routes/$topic.$slug._index":{"isRequestedByGoogleBot":false,"iirisRecommendationConfig":{"id":"widget-1717150900358","division":"it","brandFamily":"enterpriseit","entityTagBackground":"#333333BF","showBy":"","showTime":"","borderRadius":"4","imageWidth":"324","imageHeight":"182","imagePosition":"vertical","dropShadow":"#FFEB00","entityTagBorderColor":"#333333","borderColor":"#e6e6e6","redirectMode":"same","recipe":"related-items","brandName":"datacknowledge"},"isUserEntitled":false,"isGatedAsPaid":false,"metadata":{"type":"article","uid":"blt020bce6b24e91f88","aid":"64107","reg":"anonymous","pterm":{"main":"Data Storage","parent":"Infrastructure","grandparent":{"title":""},"additional":[{"type":"TopicSecondary","title":"Cloud","url":"/operations-and-management/cloud","parentTopic":{"type":"TopicPrimary","title":"Operations \u0026 Management"}},{"type":"TopicSecondary","title":"Uptime","url":"/operations-and-management/uptime","parentTopic":{"type":"TopicPrimary","title":"Operations \u0026 Management"}}]},"contentFormat":"Commentary","buyersJourney":"consideration","contributor":[{"title":"Christopher Tozzi","name":"Christopher Tozzi","companyName":"Fixate.IO","role":"Technology Analyst","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","tagLine":"Technology Analyst, Fixate.IO","summary":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Christopher Tozzi is a technology analyst with subject matter expertise in cloud computing, application development, open source software, virtualization, containers and more. He also lectures at a major university in the Albany, New York, area. His book, “"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/fun-and-profit","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"For Fun and Profit: A History of the Free and Open Source Software Revolution"},{"type":"text","text":",” was published by MIT Press."}]}]}],"gatedWithExternalForm":false,"gatedWithSiteReg":false,"paidGating":false,"sponsorName":""},"template":{"breadcrumbs":[{"url":"/","title":"Home"},{"url":"/infrastructure/data-storage","title":"Data Storage"}],"topics":[{"__typename":"TopicSecondary","title":"Data Storage","url":"/infrastructure/data-storage","parentTopic":{"title":"Infrastructure"}},{"__typename":"TopicSecondary","title":"Cloud","url":"/operations-and-management/cloud","parentTopic":{"title":"Operations \u0026 Management"}},{"__typename":"TopicSecondary","title":"Uptime","url":"/operations-and-management/uptime","parentTopic":{"title":"Operations \u0026 Management"}}],"subBrand":null,"searchParams":{},"summary":"Is public cloud storage the right solution for your data center backups? Weigh the benefits of flexibility and cost savings against the potential risks.","title":"The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups","mobileHeadline":"The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups","authoredBy":"","authoredOn":"","oldUrl":"","buyersJourney":"consideration","contributors":[{"title":"Christopher Tozzi","name":"Christopher Tozzi","companyName":"Fixate.IO","role":"Technology Analyst","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","tagLine":"Technology Analyst, Fixate.IO","summary":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Christopher Tozzi is a technology analyst with subject matter expertise in cloud computing, application development, open source software, virtualization, containers and more. He also lectures at a major university in the Albany, New York, area. His book, “"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/fun-and-profit","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"For Fun and Profit: A History of the Free and Open Source Software Revolution"},{"type":"text","text":",” was published by MIT Press."}]}]}],"readTime":4,"newsletterSignUpPromo":{"title":"Subscribe to the Data Center Knowledge Newsletter","message":"Get analysis and expert insight on the latest in data center business and technology delivered to your inbox daily.","newsletterId":"blt1e535db6f3d3256f","buttonText":"Newsletter Sign-Up","variant":"vertical","mode":"dark"},"socialShare":[{"type":"Facebook","url":"http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"},{"type":"Linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"},{"type":"Twitter","url":"http://www.twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"},{"type":"Reddit","url":"https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups\u0026title=The%20Pros%20and%20Cons%20of%20Public%20Cloud%20Storage%20for%20Data%20Center%20Backups"},{"type":"Email","url":"mailto:?subject=The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups\u0026body=I%20thought%20the%20following%20from%20DataCenterKnowledge%20might%20interest%20you.%0D%0A%0D%0A%20The%20Pros%20and%20Cons%20of%20Public%20Cloud%20Storage%20for%20Data%20Center%20Backups%0D%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.datacenterknowledge.com%2Fdata-storage%2Fthe-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups"},{"type":"Print","url":"/"}],"publishedDate":"2024-09-23T10:54:43.000Z","keywords":[],"atAGlance":[],"bodyJson":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Data backups can quickly consume large amounts of storage space, especially when running workloads in a private data center or colocation facility with limited capacity. In such cases, public cloud storage may seem like an ideal solution for data center backups – and often, it is. However, using the cloud for backup storage can also present challenges."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"If you’re considering whether public cloud "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/infrastructure/data-storage","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"storage"},{"type":"text","text":" is the right solution for your data center backups, it’s important to weigh both the benefits and potential drawbacks. While the cloud can offer flexible storage options, it may not always be the best fit."}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"300_1v_article"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Here’s a breakdown of how cloud backup strategies work and when they can deliver the best results."}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"How Can the Cloud Help with Data Center Backups?"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Let's begin by clarifying what we mean when discussing using the public cloud to store data center backup data."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/outages/rethinking-old-fashioned-backup-strategies-for-the-cloud-age","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"Backing up workloads"},{"type":"text","text":" hosted in a private data center or colocation facility requires copying data from a production environment to backup storage. If something goes wrong with your production environment – such as a cyber-attack that wipes out your data or a "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/uptime/data-center-disaster-recovery-essential-measures-for-business-continuity","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"natural disaster"},{"type":"text","text":" that destroys your servers – you can use the backups to restore your systems."}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"native_1v"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"If you want, you can store backup data inside the same data center that hosts your production workloads. But you can also choose to store the data inside a public cloud, like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, or "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/developers-practitioners/introducing-new-homepage-google-cloud","target":"_blank","rel":"nofollow","class":null}}],"text":"Google Cloud"},{"type":"text","text":". This is a form of cloud backup."}]},{"type":"relatedArticle","content":[{"title":"Primary Storage Cyber Protection Solutions That Thwart Ransomware Attacks","url":"/data-breaches/primary-storage-cyber-protection-solutions-that-thwart-ransomware-attacks","target":"_self"}],"title":"Related"},{"type":"figure","attrs":{"figcaption":"Understanding how public cloud storage integrates with your data center can help optimize backup solutions and resource management."},"content":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt17ff2cfcc9b35f0a/66f14bc1cf0d9c0b5525fd8e/Public-Cloud-Data-Center.jpg","alt":"Public-Cloud-Data-Center.jpg","title":null,"style":{"float":"left","display":"inline-block","margin":"0","width":"auto","max-width":"auto","text-align":"left"}}},{"type":"text","text":"Understanding how public cloud storage integrates with your data center can help optimize backup solutions and resource management."}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"The Advantages of Cloud Backups for Data Centers"}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"video_v"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Why would you want to copy backup data into the "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/operations-and-management/cloud","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"cloud"},{"type":"text","text":" instead of keeping it in your data center? There are three main reasons:"}]},{"type":"bulletList","content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"The cloud offers virtually infinite storage capacity. This means you can store as much backup data as you need, without having to scale up the storage infrastructure inside your own data center."}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Cloud data services are typically low in price, costing just pennies per gigabyte per month. In some cases, this may be more cost-effective than building and managing your own backup storage infrastructure."}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Storing backup data in the cloud means that your data will remain "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/operations-and-management/uptime","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"safe"},{"type":"text","text":" even if your data center is compromised."}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"In short, the cloud may offer a scalable, cost-effective, low-risk way to store backup data."}]},{"type":"figure","attrs":{"figcaption":"Top public cloud storage providers include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure."},"content":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltccea5f345e41b474/66f14b2ac79c94cfb59562c6/AWS-Google-Cloud-Azure.jpg","alt":"AWS-Google-Cloud-Azure.jpg","title":null,"style":{"float":"left","display":"inline-block","margin":"0","width":"auto","max-width":"auto","text-align":"left"}}},{"type":"text","text":"Top public cloud storage providers include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure."}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"The Downsides of Public Cloud Storage for Backups"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"While there are numerous potential benefits, moving backup data to the public cloud could lead to some challenges, including:"}]},{"type":"bulletList","content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/business/compliance","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"Compliance"},{"type":"text","text":" and data privacy challenges. While the cloud is not any less inherently secure than a private data center, moving data to the cloud may lead to compliance issues in instances where an organization must keep sensitive information within a specific geographic region, for example."}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"The risk that over the long term, cloud storage costs will exceed what you’d pay to store data on your own infrastructure."}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"The fact that, although cloud backups provide some reliability benefits by ensuring that your data center backups are stored off-site, there is still a chance that cloud backup data could be deleted. For instance, an employee might accidentally delete cloud backups."}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Slower data recovery, since you'd be relying on the internet to move data from the cloud into a private data center if you need to restore your systems to private infrastructure. If you have many terabytes of data to restore, transferring it over the web could take days – whereas it might take just hours if your backup data and recovery infrastructure reside in the same facility, and you can transfer information over a local network."}]}]}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"native_2v"},{"type":"relatedArticle","content":[{"title":"On-Premises vs. Cloud Storage: Choosing the Right Solution","url":"/data-storage/on-premises-vs-cloud-storage-choosing-the-right-solution","target":"_self"}],"title":"Related"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"The cloud is not always a cheaper and more reliable way to store backups. It might complicate your "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/compliance/an-introductory-guide-to-data-center-compliance","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"data center compliance"},{"type":"text","text":" strategy and slow down data recovery."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"center"},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/infrastructure/data-storage","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Read more of the latest data center storage news and analysis"}]},{"type":"relatedArticle","content":[{"title":"A Guide to Cloud Resilience: Maximize Security, Minimize Downtime","url":"/outages/a-guide-to-cloud-resilience-maximize-security-minimize-downtime","target":"_self"}],"title":"Related"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Going Public: When Cloud Backups Make Sense"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Whether the cloud is the right storage solution for your data center backups depends on several factors, including what it would cost you to store the backups on your own infrastructure, whether you are subject to compliance rules that make cloud backups complicated, and how fast you need to restore data in the event of an "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/uptime/the-biggest-threats-to-data-center-uptime-and-how-to-overcome-them","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"outage"},{"type":"text","text":"."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"We can’t tell you what these considerations mean for your organization. But we can tell you that, while cloud backups have clear advantages, you’ll want to consider the potential downsides before assuming that the cloud is necessarily the best place for your backup data to reside."}]}],"contentType":"Article","uid":"blt020bce6b24e91f88","sponsored":{"logoUrl":"","url":"","alt":"","title":"","campaignURL":"","isSponsored":false,"gateWithSiteReg":false,"gateWithExternalForm":"None","externalFormID":""},"featuredImage":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg","alt":"Data center public cloud storage illustration","caption":"Public cloud storage can provide data centers with scalable backup solutions to meet growing demand.","creditTo":"Image: Alamy"},"contentFormat":{"title":"Commentary"},"seriesTaxonomy":[],"programTaxonomy":[],"sidebarModules":[{"type":"module_content_cards","data":{"title":"Editor's Choice","moduleLabel":"Editor's Choice","variant":"default","contents":[{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt647badd7b260090a/673d040c62399cf27e15a59e/heat-reuse-liquid-cooling.jpg","alt":"manual heating controller with red and blue arrows in fire and ice background"},"articleName":"Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers","mobileHeadline":"Heat Reuse Strategies for Liquid-Cooled Data Centers","articleUrl":"/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers","listPageUrl":"/cooling/heat-reuse-strategies-for-liquid-cooled-data-centers","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 20, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Cooling","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure/cooling","contributors":[{"name":"Christopher Tozzi","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg"}],"timeRead":4,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}},{"type":"ad","data":{"pos":"native_right_1v"}},{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt10d5b890298bdcf7/673be057992849bb85a21a8b/Microsoft-Azure-DPU.jpg","alt":"Azure Boost DPU launched at Microsoft Ignite 2024"},"articleName":"Microsoft Ignite 2024: New Azure Data Center Chips Unveiled","mobileHeadline":"Microsoft Ignite 2024: New Azure Data Center Chips Unveiled","articleUrl":"/cloud/microsoft-ignite-2024-new-azure-data-center-chips-unveiled","listPageUrl":"/cloud/microsoft-ignite-2024-new-azure-data-center-chips-unveiled","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 19, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Cloud","categoryUrl":"/operations-and-management/cloud","contributors":[{"name":"Wylie Wong","link":"/author/wylie-wong","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt812f49c426023747/665a10ba8b8aad8c12a578ea/wylie-wong_256x256.jpg"}],"timeRead":6,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}},{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt826044c26faea376/67326b5e9fcdcd379f5ffda7/Data-Center-White-House.jpg","alt":"Image of the White House and a database computing icon"},"articleName":"How a Second Trump Presidency Could Shape the Data Center Industry","mobileHeadline":"How a Second Trump Presidency Could Shape the Data Center Industry","articleUrl":"/regulations/how-a-second-trump-presidency-could-shape-the-data-center-industry","listPageUrl":"/regulations/how-a-second-trump-presidency-could-shape-the-data-center-industry","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 12, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Regulations","categoryUrl":"/business/regulations","contributors":[{"name":"Nathan Eddy","link":"/author/nathan-eddy","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltdc29b2fe8d3613be/66a0fe9ed398d27affd6139c/nathan-eddy-pic_(1).webp"}],"timeRead":6,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}},{"type":"ad","data":{"pos":"native_right_2v"}},{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3d9aef1ac711fa2e/672e5a8c8e28daa321f00b7f/Malaysia-Data-Center.jpg","alt":"Malaysia is on the path to become a powerhouse in the Asian data center market"},"articleName":"Malaysia’s Data Center Bet: New Planning Guidelines Set to Drive Growth","mobileHeadline":"Malaysia’s Data Center Bet: New Planning Guidelines Set to Drive Growth","articleUrl":"/data-center-site-selection/malaysia-s-data-center-bet-new-planning-guidelines-set-to-drive-growth","listPageUrl":"/data-center-site-selection/malaysia-s-data-center-bet-new-planning-guidelines-set-to-drive-growth","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 11, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Data Center Site Selection","categoryUrl":"/build-design/data-center-site-selection","contributors":[{"name":"Sean Michael Kerner","link":"/author/sean-michael-kerner","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt7e483d2c2bfd1ee0/6669f66aea3b2af1fedf5f5e/SM-kerner.webp"}],"timeRead":5,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}},{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltf6ab0ad5b4077627/672a64f03c6e986537d72a74/Data-Center-Regulations-2025.jpg","alt":"New data center regulations are emerging globally, with new standards for sustainability and resilience shaping the industry’s future."},"articleName":"Data Center Regulation Trends to Watch in 2025","mobileHeadline":"Data Center Regulation Trends to Watch in 2025","articleUrl":"/regulations/data-center-regulation-trends-to-watch-in-2025","listPageUrl":"/regulations/data-center-regulation-trends-to-watch-in-2025","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 6, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Regulations","categoryUrl":"/business/regulations","contributors":[{"name":"Wylie Wong","link":"/author/wylie-wong","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt812f49c426023747/665a10ba8b8aad8c12a578ea/wylie-wong_256x256.jpg"}],"timeRead":15,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}}],"dateDisplay":"show","contributorDisplay":"show"},"adConfig":{"nativeAdOption":true}},{"type":"module_link_list","data":{"listOption":"Dynamic","listTitle":"Exclusive DCK Resources","icon":"Document","externalFeed":"","ctaButton":{"ctaButtonLink":"/documents","ctaButtonText":"See all DCK Resources"},"openInNewTab":false,"articles":[{"contentType":"Document","title":"Data Center Knowledge’s 2024 Salary Report","url":"/data-center-career-development/data-center-knowledge-s-2024-salary-report","isExternalLink":false,"readTime":1,"publishedDate":"2024-08-26T17:50:03.000Z","eventDate":"","webinarStartTime":""},{"contentType":"Document","title":"Deep Dive: Optimizing AI Data Storage Management","url":"/data-storage/deep-dive-optimizing-ai-data-storage-management","isExternalLink":false,"readTime":8,"publishedDate":"2024-07-12T09:45:00.000Z","eventDate":"","webinarStartTime":""},{"contentType":"Document","title":"Strategies for Sustainable Water Consumption in Data Centers","url":"/sustainability/strategies-for-sustainable-water-consumption-in-data-centers","isExternalLink":false,"readTime":1,"publishedDate":"2024-06-27T13:45:00.000Z","eventDate":"","webinarStartTime":""},{"contentType":"Document","title":"Crucial Cybersecurity Skills for Today's IT Pros","url":"/cybersecurity/crucial-cybersecurity-skills-for-today-s-it-pros","isExternalLink":false,"readTime":1,"publishedDate":"2024-06-13T07:33:50.000Z","eventDate":"","webinarStartTime":""}]}},{"type":"module_content_cards","data":{"title":"Industry Voices","moduleLabel":"Industry Voices","variant":"default","contents":[{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt96fe289dc16c6a8a/67464cc466cff5252579d624/Data-Center-Behind-the-Meter-Energy.jpg","alt":"Data centers can reduce their grid dependence by utilizing behind-the-meter renewable energy systems"},"articleName":"Behind-the-Meter Energy: Powering Data Centers for a Sustainable Future","mobileHeadline":"Behind-the-Meter Energy: Powering Data Centers for a Sustainable Future","articleUrl":"/sustainability/behind-the-meter-energy-powering-data-centers-for-a-sustainable-future","listPageUrl":"/sustainability/behind-the-meter-energy-powering-data-centers-for-a-sustainable-future","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 27, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Sustainability","categoryUrl":"/sustainability","contributors":[{"name":"Tim Foster","link":"/author/untitled","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb487cc1dd00fcffc/67464582a8aa13085baf5cad/Tim-Foster-Conrad-Energy.jpg"}],"timeRead":5,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}},{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt06f0127db75f4fed/67460ce470829718c44d054e/Intel-Santa-Clara.jpg","alt":""},"articleName":"US Finalizes $11B for Intel as Time Runs Out on Biden’s Chip Plan","mobileHeadline":"US Finalizes $11B for Intel as Time Runs Out on Biden’s Chip Plan","articleUrl":"/data-center-chips/untitled","listPageUrl":"/data-center-chips/untitled","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 26, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Data Center Chips","categoryUrl":"/infrastructure/data-center-hardware/data-center-chips","contributors":[{"name":"Gerrit De Vynck","link":"/author/untitled","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt15c4983c2ed36fe7/66ec8e7334a539c3c693a780/dck_contributor_icon(2).png"},{"name":"The Washington Post","link":"/author/the-washington-post","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt3bf7f145c2354f66/6613d8d7cf6caa2228d33275/wapo-logo.jpg"}],"timeRead":3,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}}],"dateDisplay":"show","contributorDisplay":"show"},"adConfig":{"nativeAdOption":false}},{"type":"module_newsletter_promo","uid":"blt1e535db6f3d3256f","data":{"title":"Subscribe to the Data Center Knowledge Newsletter","message":"Get analysis and expert insight on the latest in data center business and technology delivered to your inbox daily.","newsletterId":"blt1e535db6f3d3256f","buttonText":"Newsletter Sign-Up","variant":"vertical","mode":"dark","isOnHomepage":false,"moduleLocation":"sidebar"}},{"type":"module_content_cards","data":{"title":"Featured Technical Explainers","moduleLabel":"Featured Technical Explainers","variant":"default","contents":[{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt251b35edd1b27ec1/673e3f1cfc6a3a41d70aaf50/AI-chip-1716x965_-_2024-11-18.jpg","alt":"AI Chip"},"articleName":"Cloud vs. On-Prem AI Accelerators: Choosing the Best Fit for Your AI Workloads","mobileHeadline":"Cloud vs. On-Prem AI Accelerators: Choosing the Best Fit for Your AI Workloads","articleUrl":"/cloud/cloud-vs-on-prem-ai-accelerators-choosing-the-best-fit-for-your-ai-workloads","listPageUrl":"/cloud/cloud-vs-on-prem-ai-accelerators-choosing-the-best-fit-for-your-ai-workloads","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 21, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Cloud","categoryUrl":"/operations-and-management/cloud","contributors":[{"name":"Christopher Tozzi","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg"},{"name":"ITPro Today","link":"/author/it-pro-today","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt20256feca45e59f9/6647102a1bf9d635ca0389ed/ITP_ContributorPlaceholder.png"}],"timeRead":4,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}},{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt549c646c774d290d/67227ce406606cee110c86d0/grep_command_line.jpg","alt":"Data center server configuration command lines on a computer monitor."},"articleName":"Optimize Text Search: Master the grep Command in Linux","mobileHeadline":"Optimize Text Search: Master the grep Command in Linux","articleUrl":"/open-source-software/optimize-text-search-master-the-grep-command-in-linux","listPageUrl":"/open-source-software/optimize-text-search-master-the-grep-command-in-linux","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Nov 1, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Open Source Software","categoryUrl":"/operations-and-management/data-center-software/open-source-software","contributors":[{"name":"Jack Vaughan","link":"/author/jack-vaughan","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt607287c35c75a555/666859254644072eaeb307f0/Jack_Vaughan_sm.jpg"}],"timeRead":4,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}},{"type":"contentPreview","data":{"contentType":"Article","variant":"card-horizontal","thumbnail":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt0fc30e07961e1d9d/66a235d0a70b0a45ebbc513c/Data-Center-ETF.jpg","alt":"Data center ETF stock chart illustration"},"articleName":"Data Center ETFs: An Introductory Guide to Boosting Your Portfolio","mobileHeadline":"Data Center ETFs: An Introductory Guide to Boosting Your Portfolio","articleUrl":"/investing/data-center-etfs-an-introductory-guide-to-boosting-your-portfolio","listPageUrl":"/investing/data-center-etfs-an-introductory-guide-to-boosting-your-portfolio","linkAttrs":{},"date":"Jul 25, 2024","webinarStartTime":"","categoryName":"Investing","categoryUrl":"/business/investing","contributors":[{"name":"Christopher Tozzi","link":"/author/christopher-tozzi","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg"}],"timeRead":5,"paidGating":{"paidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomy":[]}}}],"dateDisplay":"hide","contributorDisplay":"show"},"adConfig":{"nativeAdOption":false}}],"relatedEvents":[],"topicSelector":{"mainTopic":{"type":"TopicSecondary","title":"Data Storage","url":"/infrastructure/data-storage","parentTopic":{"type":"TopicPrimary","title":"Infrastructure"}},"additionalTopics":[{"type":"TopicSecondary","title":"Cloud","url":"/operations-and-management/cloud","parentTopic":{"type":"TopicPrimary","title":"Operations \u0026 Management"}},{"type":"TopicSecondary","title":"Uptime","url":"/operations-and-management/uptime","parentTopic":{"type":"TopicPrimary","title":"Operations \u0026 Management"}}]},"disclaimer":[],"paidGating":{"isPaidContent":false,"paidProductTaxonomies":[]},"errorModal":{"showErrorModal":false,"errorTitle":"Oops! An error has occurred","errorDescription":"The connection on our end has been interrupted. Please refresh the page and try again."},"additionalGatingSettings":{"gatingCharacterLength":750,"gatingTitle":"","gatingDescriptionMessage":""},"isGatedAsPaid":false},"schema":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","datePublished":"2024-09-23T10:54:43.000Z","dateModified":"2024-11-15T13:28:14.681Z","headline":"The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg","caption":"Public cloud storage can provide data centers with scalable backup solutions to meet growing demand.","creditText":"Image: Alamy"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Tozzi","image":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/bltb80c8a754e05f0af/6613d88533fe26f3ee4e5204/christophertozzi_2.jpg","url":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/author/christopher-tozzi"}]},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Data Storage","item":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/infrastructure/data-storage"}]}],"seo":{"canonicalUrl":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups","metaDescription":"Is public cloud storage the right solution for your data center backups? Weigh the benefits of flexibility and cost savings against the potential risks.","metaTitle":"The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups","noIndex":false,"imageUrl":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt9b28e3cdbbf5c8d7/66f14dfa2aaa34a0718fcb2e/Data-Center-Public-Cloud-Storage.jpg?disable=upscale\u0026width=1200\u0026height=630\u0026fit=crop","noArchive":false,"keywords":"Data Storage, Cloud, Uptime"},"gtm":{"loadEvent":{"attributes":{"events":[],"subBrand":"","seo":{"canonicalURL":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups","hideFromSearchEngines":false},"sponsored":{"name":"","campaignURL":"","isSponsored":false,"gateWithSiteReg":false,"gateWithExternalForm":"None","externalFormID":""},"legacy":{"destinationPath":"","issueDate":"","contributor":""}},"category":{"buyerJourney":"consideration","contentFormat":"Commentary","pageType":"article","keyword":[],"series":[],"primaryTerm":{"parent":"Infrastructure","child":"Data Storage","grandchild":""},"secondaryTerm":[{"parent":"Operations \u0026 Management","child":"Cloud","grandchild":""},{"parent":"Operations \u0026 Management","child":"Uptime","grandchild":""}]},"pageInfo":{"pageID":"blt020bce6b24e91f88","pageName":"The Pros and Cons of Public Cloud Storage for Data Center Backups","destinationURL":"https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-storage/the-pros-and-cons-of-public-cloud-storage-for-data-center-backups","issueDate":"Sep 23, 2024","contributor":[{"companyName":"Fixate.IO","displayName":"Christopher Tozzi","jobTitle":"Technology Analyst","name":"Christopher Tozzi"}]}}},"siteSetting":{"placeholderImages":{"brand":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt2fce11e66db3fbf1/65defa07aca640040a5a01f7/Placeholder_image_(1).svg","contributor":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt8eb3cdfc1fce5194/blt7cebc0c4d9d9e378/6584b77f22995e040a5bde28/theme1_placeholder_avatar.png"},"defaultGatingTitle":"","defaultGatingDescriptionMessage":""},"isLivePreview":false}},"actionData":null,"errors":null}};</script><script type="module" async="">import "/build/manifest-A2F38A42.js"; import * as route0 from "/build/root-TPDAOOC5.js"; import * as route1 from "/build/routes/$topic.$slug._index-J4IJ2FVO.js"; window.__remixRouteModules = {"root":route0,"routes/$topic.$slug._index":route1}; import("/build/entry.client-SFHSSSEN.js");</script><script async="" defer="" src="https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js#xfbml=1&amp;version=v3.2"></script><script async="" defer="" src="https://www.instagram.com/embed.js"></script></body></html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10