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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deaths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1615</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 152 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-152" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">152 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1615 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1615 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1615 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1615 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B1%DB%B5_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۱۵ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۶۱۵ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB" title="১৬১৫ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৬১৫" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_n%C3%AE" title="1615 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1615 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615." title="1615. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1615." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B1%DB%B5_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۱۵ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۶۱۵ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%E5%B9%B4" title="1615年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1615年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%EB%85%84" title="1615년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1615년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB" title="१६१५ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१६१५" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615." title="1615. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1615." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB" title="মারি ১৬১৫ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৬১৫" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1615-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1615-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AC%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AB" title="೧೬೧೫ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೬೧೫" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1615 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1615 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1615 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1615 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1615 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1615 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%D0%B8" title="1615 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1615 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615._gads" title="1615. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1615. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1615 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1615 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_m." title="1615 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1615 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB" title="१६१५ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१६१५" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB" title="इ.स. १६१५ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १६१५" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B1%DB%B5" title="۱۶۱۵ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۶۱۵" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1615 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1615 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%86%E1%81%81%E1%81%85" title="၁၆၁၅ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၆၁၅" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB" title="सन् १६१५ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १६१५" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%E5%B9%B4" title="1615年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1615年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AC%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AB" title="୧୬୧୫ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୬୧୫" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB" title="१६१५ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१६१५" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_1615" title="Joohr 1615 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 1615" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1615 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1615 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB" title="१६१५ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१६१५" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%D8%B9" title="1615ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1615ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A6%D9%A1%D9%A5" title="١٦١٥ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٦١٥" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1615 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1615 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2158" title="พ.ศ. 2158 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2158" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1615" title="Соли 1615 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1615" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%D8%A1" title="1615ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1615ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%E5%B9%B4" title="1615年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1615年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%E5%B9%B4" title="1615年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1615年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615%E5%B9%B4" title="1615年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1615年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615" title="1615 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1615" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6784#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1615" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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href="/wiki/1600s_(decade)" title="1600s (decade)">1600s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1610s" title="1610s">1610s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1620s" title="1620s">1620s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1630s" title="1630s">1630s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1612" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1612">1612</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1613" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1613">1613</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1614" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1614">1614</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1615" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1615">1615</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1616" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1616">1616</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1617" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1617">1617</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1618" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1618">1618</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osakagunki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Osakagunki.jpg/300px-Osakagunki.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Osakagunki.jpg/450px-Osakagunki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Osakagunki.jpg/600px-Osakagunki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">June 3</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_D%C5%8Dmy%C5%8Dji" title="Battle of Dōmyōji">Battle of Dōmyōji</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1615" title="Category:1615">1615 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Arts and science</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1610s_in_architecture" title="1610s in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1615_in_art" title="1615 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1615_in_literature" title="1615 in literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1615_in_music" title="1615 in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1615_in_science" title="1615 in science">Science</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1615" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1615">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_17th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 17th century">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_17th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 17th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1615_births" title="Category:1615 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1615_deaths" title="Category:1615 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1615_establishments" title="Category:1615 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1615_disestablishments" title="Category:1615 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1615_works" title="Category:1615 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1615 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1615<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCXV</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2368</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1064<br />ԹՎ ՌԿԴ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6365</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1536–1537</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1022</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2565</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>12 <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">Ja. 1</a> – 13 <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">Ja. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2159</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>977</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7123–7124</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">甲寅</a>年 (Wood <a href="/wiki/Tiger_(zodiac)" title="Tiger (zodiac)">Tiger</a>)<br />4312 or 4105<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />乙卯年 (Wood <a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />4313 or 4106</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1331–1332</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2781</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1607–1608</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5375–5376</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1671–1672</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1536–1537</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4715–4716</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11615</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>615–616</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>993–994</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1023–1024</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Keich%C5%8D" title="Keichō">Keichō</a> 20 / <a href="/wiki/Genna" title="Genna">Genna</a> 1<br />(元和元年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1535–1536</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 10 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3948</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>297 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前297年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>147</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2157–2158</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阳木虎年<br />(male Wood-<a href="/wiki/Tiger_(zodiac)" title="Tiger (zodiac)">Tiger</a>)<br />1741 or 1360 or 588<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阴木兔年<br />(female Wood-<a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />1742 or 1361 or 589</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>1615</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCXV</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Thursday" title="Common year starting on Thursday">common year starting on Thursday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Sunday" title="Common year starting on Sunday">common year starting on Sunday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1615th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 615th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 15th year of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>, and the 6th year of the <a href="/wiki/1610s" title="1610s">1610s</a> decade. As of the start of 1615, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – The <a href="/wiki/New_Netherland_Company" title="New Netherland Company">New Netherland Company</a> is granted a three-year <a href="/wiki/Monopoly" title="Monopoly">monopoly</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North American</a> trade, between the <a href="/wiki/40th_parallel_north" title="40th parallel north">40th</a> and <a href="/wiki/45th_parallel_north" title="45th parallel north">45th</a> <a href="/wiki/Circle_of_latitude" title="Circle of latitude">parallels</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_30" title="January 30">January 30</a> – Japan's diplomatic mission to Europe, led by <a href="/wiki/Hasekura_Tsunenaga" title="Hasekura Tsunenaga">Hasekura Tsunenaga</a>, meets with <a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">King Philip III of Spain</a> at <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> and presents an offer of a treaty.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Roe" title="Thomas Roe">Thomas Roe</a> sets out to become the first ambassador from the court of the <a href="/wiki/King_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="King of England">King of England</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Cassell's_Chronology_243248_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassell's_Chronology_243248-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> departing from Tilbury Hope on the ship <i>Lyon</i> under the command of captain <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Newport" title="Christopher Newport">Christopher Newport</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – Japan's envoy to Europe, Hasekura Tsunenaga, receives a Christian baptism by the royal chaplain, Diego de Guzmán, and receives the European name Felipe Francisco Hasekura. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_10" title="March 10">March 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Ogilvie_(saint)" title="John Ogilvie (saint)">John Ogilvie</a>, a Jesuit priest, is <a href="/wiki/Hanged,_drawn_and_quartered" title="Hanged, drawn and quartered">hanged and drawn</a> at <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Cross" title="Glasgow Cross">Glasgow Cross</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland</a> for refusing to pledge allegiance to <a href="/wiki/King_James_VI_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="King James VI of Scotland">King James VI of Scotland</a>; he will be <a href="/wiki/Canonised" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonised">canonised</a> in 1976, becoming the only post-<a href="/wiki/Scottish_Reformation" title="Scottish Reformation">Reformation</a> Scottish saint.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Wignacourt_Aqueduct" title="Wignacourt Aqueduct">Wignacourt Aqueduct</a> is inaugurated in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Malta_under_the_Order_of_Saint_John" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Malta under the Order of Saint John">Malta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_6" title="May 6">May 6</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Tyrnau" title="Peace of Tyrnau">Peace of Tyrnau</a> is signed between <a href="/wiki/Matthias,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor">Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1bor_Bethlen" class="mw-redirect" title="Gábor Bethlen">Gábor Bethlen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2" title="June 2">June 2</a> – The first <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9collet" class="mw-redirect" title="Récollet">Récollet</a> <a href="/wiki/Missionaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Missionaries">missionaries</a> arrive at <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">June 3</a> – The Eastern Army of <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a> and the Osaka Army of <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyori" title="Toyotomi Hideyori">Toyotomi Hideyori</a> clash during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_D%C5%8Dmy%C5%8Dji" title="Battle of Dōmyōji">Battle of Dōmyōji</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tenn%C5%8Dji" title="Battle of Tennōji">Battle of Tennōji</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_4" title="June 4">June 4</a> – Forces under shōgun <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a> take <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Castle" title="Osaka Castle">Osaka Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, beginning a period of peace which lasts nearly 250 years. Bands of Christian samurai support Ieyasu's enemies at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Osaka">Battle of Osaka</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Asti" title="Peace of Asti">Peace of Asti</a> is concluded between the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Savoy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> – In Japan, the <i>Buke shohatto</i>, a 19-section law setting a standard of conduct for individual warlords (daimyo) and their responsibilities to the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a>, is proclaimed by the shogun Tokugawa Hidetada before the assembled daimyo at Fushimi Castle in Kyoto. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">August 9</a> – Swedish troops led by King <a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus" title="Gustavus Adolphus">Gustavus Adolphus</a> begin the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pskov_(1615)" title="Siege of Pskov (1615)">siege of the Russian city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a>, but fail to take the fortress after 12 weeks. The siege ends on October 27.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_20" title="August 20">August 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_III_of_Kongo" title="Álvaro III of Kongo">Alvaro III Nimi a Mpanzu</a> becomes the new ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kongo" title="Kingdom of Kongo">Kingdom of Kongo</a> (located in southwestern Africa in what is now Angola) upon the death of his brother, <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_II_of_Kongo" title="Bernardo II of Kongo">Bernardo II Nimi a Nkanga</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – A <a href="/wiki/Spanish_treasure_fleet" title="Spanish treasure fleet">Spanish treasure fleet</a> of 41 ships is struck in the Gulf of Mexico by a powerful storm that sinks the ship <i>San Miguel</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlantic_hurricanes_in_the_17th_century#1600–1624" title="List of Atlantic hurricanes in the 17th century">The San Leoncio Day hurricane</a> strikes the islands of Puerto Rico and Hispaniola.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">September 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/1615_Arica_earthquake" title="1615 Arica earthquake">An estimated 7.5 magnitude earthquake</a> strikes <a href="/wiki/Arica" title="Arica">Arica</a> (now part of <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> in the Spanish colonial <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Viceroyalty of Peru</a> and collapses the city's fort, but causes no deaths.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">September 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Los_Ba%C3%B1os,_Laguna" title="Los Baños, Laguna">Los Baños, Laguna</a>, is founded by Spanish colonists on <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a> island in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – Japanese diplomat <a href="/wiki/Hasekura_Tsunenaga" title="Hasekura Tsunenaga">Hasekura Tsunenaga</a> and his entourage become the first officials from Japan to visit Italy, and are received in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> by Cardinal Burgecio</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">October 5</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Slaying_of_the_Spaniards" title="Slaying of the Spaniards">Spánverjavígin</a>, the last massacre to be carried out in Iceland, begins as 14 <a href="/wiki/History_of_Basque_whaling" title="History of Basque whaling">Basque Whalers</a> from <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> are murdered at <a href="/wiki/Thingeyri" title="Thingeyri">Thingeyri</a> while sleeping. Another 18 are killed on October 13, including Captain Martín de Villafranca. The 31 had been survivors of a shipwreck on Iceland in September.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_27" title="October 27">October 27</a> – In Russia, the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pskov_(1615)" title="Siege of Pskov (1615)">siege of Pskov</a> ends with the withdrawal of Swedish Army troops. The siege is the last battle of the <a href="/wiki/Ingrian_War" title="Ingrian War">Ingrian War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – Japanese diplomat <a href="/wiki/Hasekura_Tsunenaga" title="Hasekura Tsunenaga">Hasekura Tsunenaga</a> and his delegation are received by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_V" title="Pope Paul V">Pope Paul V</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, and present a request for trade between the Roman Catholic Church and the Japanese shogunate<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_7" title="November 7">November 7</a> – The Portuguese freighter <i>Nossa Senhora da Luz</i>, carrying 150 crew and a cargo of Chinese and Burmese goods, sinks in a storm near the Azores.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">November 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Movil%C4%83" title="Alexandru Movilă">Alexandru Movilă</a> is installed as <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Moldavia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Moldavia">Prince of Moldavia</a> by Poland as Prince <a href="/wiki/%C8%98tefan_IX_Tom%C8%99a" title="Ștefan IX Tomșa">Ștefan IX Tomșa</a> is driven from the throne.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">King Louis XIII of France</a> marries <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Austria" title="Anne of Austria">Princess Ana María Mauricia</a>, the 14-year-old daughter of <a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">King Philip III of Spain</a>. The two had been legally united in a marriage by proxy on October 18.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November" title="November">November</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughals</a> under <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a> launch the first offensive against <a href="/wiki/Kajali,_Palghar" title="Kajali, Palghar">Kajali</a>, a border post of the <a href="/wiki/Ahom_kingdom" title="Ahom kingdom">Ahom kingdom</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> – In the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Bembo" title="Giovanni Bembo">Giovanni Bembo</a> is elected chief executive as the new <a href="/wiki/List_of_Doges_of_Venice" title="List of Doges of Venice">Doge of Venice</a> after the October 31 death of <a href="/wiki/Marcantonio_Memmo" title="Marcantonio Memmo">Marcantonio Memmo</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – In <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">John Winthrop</a>, later governor of the future <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a>, marries his second wife (of four), Thomasine Clopton, daughter of William Clopton of Castleins, near <a href="/wiki/Groton,_Suffolk" title="Groton, Suffolk">Groton, Suffolk</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">December 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Borja_y_Arag%C3%B3n" title="Francisco de Borja y Aragón">Francisco de Borja y Aragón</a> becomes the new <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Peru" title="List of viceroys of Peru">Viceroy of Peru</a>, a colony of Spain encompassing all of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish language</a>-speaking <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> and what are now the nations of Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, and Uruguay.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Uskok_War" title="Uskok War">Uskok War</a> begins after the ports of the Holy Roman Empire on the Adriatic Sea are blockaded by the Republic of Venice, which has hired English and Dutch mercenaries.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Easter – Persian <a href="/wiki/Safavid_dynasty" title="Safavid dynasty">Safavid</a> hordes, led by Shah <a href="/wiki/Abbas_the_Great" title="Abbas the Great">Abbas the Great</a>, kill all the monks at the <a href="/wiki/David_Gareja_monastery_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="David Gareja monastery complex">David Gareja monastery complex</a> in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, and set fire to its collection of manuscripts and works of art.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Talbot,_Countess_of_Shrewsbury" title="Mary Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury">Mary Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury</a>, is released from the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>, in recognition of her role in helping to discover the murder of Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Overbury" title="Thomas Overbury">Thomas Overbury</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Somers_Isles_Company" title="Somers Isles Company">Somers Isles Company</a> is founded to administer <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Browne_(King%27s_Gunfounder)" title="John Browne (King's Gunfounder)">John Browne</a> is created the first <i>King's Gunfounder</i> in England.</li> <li>Austrian merchants receive economic privileges in the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Perse_School" title="The Perse School">The Perse School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, England, is founded by Dr <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Perse" title="Stephen Perse">Stephen Perse</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_School" title="Wilson's School">Wilson's School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wallington,_London" title="Wallington, London">Wallington</a>, near London, is founded by Royal Charter.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Grolsch_Brewery" title="Grolsch Brewery">Grolsch Brewery</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Groenlo" title="Groenlo">Groenlo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Netherlands</a>.</li> <li>Konoike Shinroku opens an office in <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, and begins shipping tax-rice from western <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> to Osaka.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a> publishes <i>Dissertatio cum Nuncio Sidereo</i>, in response to <a href="/wiki/Galileo" class="mw-redirect" title="Galileo">Galileo</a>'s discovery of <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>'s moons.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Dias_the_Younger" title="Manuel Dias the Younger">Manuel Dias</a>, a Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Jesuit_China_missions" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit China missions">Jesuit missionary</a>, introduces the <a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">telescope</a> for the first time in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, in his book <i>Tian Wen Lüe</i> (<i>Explicatio Sphaerae Coelestis</i>).</li> <li>The second volume of <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes" title="Miguel de Cervantes">Miguel de Cervantes</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Quixote" title="Don Quixote">Don Quixote</a> ("El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha")</i> is published, and is as successful as the first. <i>Don Quixote</i> eventually becomes the only truly famous work its author ever writes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Govaert_Flinck_Self_Portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Govaert_Flinck_Self_Portrait.jpg/110px-Govaert_Flinck_Self_Portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Govaert_Flinck_Self_Portrait.jpg/165px-Govaert_Flinck_Self_Portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Govaert_Flinck_Self_Portrait.jpg/220px-Govaert_Flinck_Self_Portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Govert_Flinck" title="Govert Flinck">Govert Flinck</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pieter_de_Groot,_circle_of_Adriaen_Hanneman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pieter_de_Groot%2C_circle_of_Adriaen_Hanneman.jpg/110px-Pieter_de_Groot%2C_circle_of_Adriaen_Hanneman.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pieter_de_Groot%2C_circle_of_Adriaen_Hanneman.jpg/165px-Pieter_de_Groot%2C_circle_of_Adriaen_Hanneman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pieter_de_Groot%2C_circle_of_Adriaen_Hanneman.jpg/220px-Pieter_de_Groot%2C_circle_of_Adriaen_Hanneman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pieter_de_Groot" title="Pieter de Groot">Pieter de Groot</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heinrich_Bollandt_-_Erbprinz_Erdmann_August_von_Brandenburg-Bayreuth_(Jagdschloss_Grunewald).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Heinrich_Bollandt_-_Erbprinz_Erdmann_August_von_Brandenburg-Bayreuth_%28Jagdschloss_Grunewald%29.jpg/110px-Heinrich_Bollandt_-_Erbprinz_Erdmann_August_von_Brandenburg-Bayreuth_%28Jagdschloss_Grunewald%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Heinrich_Bollandt_-_Erbprinz_Erdmann_August_von_Brandenburg-Bayreuth_%28Jagdschloss_Grunewald%29.jpg/165px-Heinrich_Bollandt_-_Erbprinz_Erdmann_August_von_Brandenburg-Bayreuth_%28Jagdschloss_Grunewald%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Heinrich_Bollandt_-_Erbprinz_Erdmann_August_von_Brandenburg-Bayreuth_%28Jagdschloss_Grunewald%29.jpg/220px-Heinrich_Bollandt_-_Erbprinz_Erdmann_August_von_Brandenburg-Bayreuth_%28Jagdschloss_Grunewald%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1204" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Erdmann_August_of_Brandenburg-Bayreuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth">Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Baxter_Colour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Richard_Baxter_Colour.jpg/110px-Richard_Baxter_Colour.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Richard_Baxter_Colour.jpg/165px-Richard_Baxter_Colour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Richard_Baxter_Colour.jpg/220px-Richard_Baxter_Colour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Richard_Baxter" title="Richard Baxter">Richard Baxter</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March_2"><span id="January.E2.80.93March_2"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Waldron" title="Richard Waldron">Richard Waldron</a>, colonial settler, acting President of the Province of New Hampshire (d. <a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_10" title="January 10">January 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Robinson,_1st_Baronet,_of_London" title="Sir John Robinson, 1st Baronet, of London">Sir John Robinson, 1st Baronet, of London</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_13" title="January 13">January 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Bjelke" class="mw-redirect" title="Henrik Bjelke">Henrik Bjelke</a>, Norwegian military officer (d. <a href="/wiki/1683" title="1683">1683</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Biddle_(Unitarian)" title="John Biddle (Unitarian)">John Biddle</a>, English theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1662" title="1662">1662</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karmabai" title="Karmabai">Karmabai</a>, Indian Jat known as Bhakt Shiromani Karmabai (d. <a href="/wiki/1634" title="1634">1634</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_25" title="January 25">January 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Govert_Flinck" title="Govert Flinck">Govert Flinck</a>, Dutch painter of the Dutch Golden Age (d. <a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Fouquet" title="Nicolas Fouquet">Nicolas Fouquet</a>, French Superintendent of Finances (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_30" title="January 30">January 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rolfe" title="Thomas Rolfe">Thomas Rolfe</a>, only child of Pocahontas and her English husband (d. <a href="/wiki/1675" title="1675">1675</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Caterina_Farnese" title="Maria Caterina Farnese">Maria Caterina Farnese</a>, Duchess of Modena and Reggio (d. <a href="/wiki/1646" title="1646">1646</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_27" title="February 27">February 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Thornton" title="Isaac Thornton">Isaac Thornton</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1669" title="1669">1669</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_10" title="March 10">March 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Ulrik_Gyldenl%C3%B8ve" title="Hans Ulrik Gyldenløve">Hans Ulrik Gyldenløve</a>, illegitimate son of King Christian IV of Denmark and his mistress (d. <a href="/wiki/1645" title="1645">1645</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">March 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Weikhard_of_Auersperg" title="Johann Weikhard of Auersperg">Johann Weikhard of Auersperg</a>, Austrian prime minister (d. <a href="/wiki/1677" title="1677">1677</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">March 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_XII" title="Pope Innocent XII">Pope Innocent XII</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">March 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Carafa" title="Gregorio Carafa">Gregorio Carafa</a>, Grandmaster of the Order of Saint John (d. <a href="/wiki/1690" title="1690">1690</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_20" title="March 20">March 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dara_Shikoh" title="Dara Shikoh">Dara Shikoh</a>, Indian prince (d. <a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">March 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Jones,_Viscountess_Ranelagh" title="Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh">Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh</a>, English female scientist (d. <a href="/wiki/1691" title="1691">1691</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pieter_de_Groot" title="Pieter de Groot">Pieter de Groot</a>, Dutch diplomat (d. <a href="/wiki/1678" title="1678">1678</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_Ruggeri" title="Cosimo Ruggeri">Cosimo Ruggeri</a>, Italian astrologer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June_2"><span id="April.E2.80.93June_2"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Cotterell" title="Charles Cotterell">Charles Cotterell</a>, English courtier (d. <a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_9" title="April 9">April 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Wright_(Ipswich_MP)" title="John Wright (Ipswich MP)">John Wright</a>, British politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1683" title="1683">1683</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">April 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Rawson_(politician)" title="Edward Rawson (politician)">Edward Rawson</a>, American settler (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_17" title="April 17">April 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Goulet" title="Jacques Goulet">Jacques Goulet</a>, early pioneer in New France (now Québec) (d. <a href="/wiki/1688" title="1688">1688</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Klas_Hansson_Bjelkenstjerna" title="Klas Hansson Bjelkenstjerna">Klas Hansson Bjelkenstjerna</a>, Swedish naval officer and civil servant (d. <a href="/wiki/1662" title="1662">1662</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Neville_(soldier)" title="Richard Neville (soldier)">Richard Neville</a>, English soldier and MP (d. <a href="/wiki/1676" title="1676">1676</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">June 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giles_Strangways" title="Giles Strangways">Giles Strangways</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1675" title="1675">1675</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">June 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sandys_(Royalist)" title="Samuel Sandys (Royalist)">Samuel Sandys</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1685" title="1685">1685</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_20" title="June 20">June 20</a> (or <a href="/wiki/July_31" title="July 31">July 31</a>) – <a href="/wiki/Salvator_Rosa" title="Salvator Rosa">Salvator Rosa</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1673" title="1673">1673</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September_2"><span id="July.E2.80.93September_2"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">July 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hales" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Hales">Samuel Hales</a>, Connecticut settler and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Sclater,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet">Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1684" title="1684">1684</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_22" title="July 22">July 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_of_Lorraine" title="Marguerite of Lorraine">Marguerite of Lorraine</a>, princess of Lorraine, duchess of Orléans (d. <a href="/wiki/1672" title="1672">1672</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">July 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Noyelle" title="Charles de Noyelle">Charles de Noyelle</a>, French Jesuit Superior General (d. <a href="/wiki/1686" title="1686">1686</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_13" title="August 13">August 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Sherburne_(pioneer)" title="John Sherburne (pioneer)">John Sherburne</a>, American colonial (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">August 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marie_de_Lorraine,_Duchess_of_Guise" title="Marie de Lorraine, Duchess of Guise">Marie de Lorraine, Duchess of Guise</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1688" title="1688">1688</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Sadler_(town_clerk)" title="John Sadler (town clerk)">John Sadler</a>, British town clerk (d. <a href="/wiki/1674" title="1674">1674</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mary_Bradbury" title="Mary Bradbury">Mary Bradbury</a>, accused Salem, Massachusetts witch (d. <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Birch_(soldier)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Birch (soldier)">John Birch</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1691" title="1691">1691</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landgravine_Sophie_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Landgravine Sophie of Hesse-Kassel">Landgravine Sophie of Hesse-Kassel</a>, Countess of Schaumburg-Lippe (d. <a href="/wiki/1670" title="1670">1670</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Turner_(Lord_Mayor)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Turner (Lord Mayor)">William Turner</a>, British politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">September 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Pedley" title="Nicholas Pedley">Nicholas Pedley</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1685" title="1685">1685</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Spinola" title="Giambattista Spinola">Giambattista Spinola</a>, Italo-Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1704" title="1704">1704</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">September 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Bach" title="Heinrich Bach">Heinrich Bach</a>, German organist and composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1692" title="1692">1692</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December_2"><span id="October.E2.80.93December_2"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_1" title="October 1">October 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Bethell_(died_1679)" title="Hugh Bethell (died 1679)">Hugh Bethell</a>, English <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Parliament">Member of Parliament</a> and High Sheriff (d. <a href="/wiki/1679" title="1679">1679</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_8" title="October 8">October 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Erdmann_August_of_Brandenburg-Bayreuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth">Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth</a>, Hereditary Margrave (d. <a href="/wiki/1651" title="1651">1651</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">October 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ove_Juul" title="Ove Juul">Ove Juul</a>, Governor-General of Norway (d. <a href="/wiki/1686" title="1686">1686</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_27" title="October 27">October 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_I,_Duke_of_Saxe-Merseburg" title="Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg">Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg</a>, member of the House of Wettin (d. <a href="/wiki/1691" title="1691">1691</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire">Ibrahim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Ottoman Sultan</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1648" title="1648">1648</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_12" title="November 12">November 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Baxter" title="Richard Baxter">Richard Baxter</a>, English Puritan church leader (d. <a href="/wiki/1691" title="1691">1691</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_19" title="November 19">November 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Norton_of_Southwick_Park" title="Richard Norton of Southwick Park">Richard Norton of Southwick Park</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1691" title="1691">1691</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_Dane" title="Francis Dane">Francis Dane</a>, American colonial priest (d. <a href="/wiki/1697" title="1697">1697</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philip_William,_Elector_Palatine" title="Philip William, Elector Palatine">Philip William, Elector Palatine</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1690" title="1690">1690</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Schomberg,_1st_Duke_of_Schomberg" title="Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg">Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1690" title="1690">1690</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_7" title="December 7">December 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicodemus_Tessin_the_Elder" title="Nicodemus Tessin the Elder">Nicodemus Tessin the Elder</a>, Swedish architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1681" title="1681">1681</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_9" title="December 9">December 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anne_Carr,_Countess_of_Bedford" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Carr, Countess of Bedford">Anne Carr, Countess of Bedford</a>, English noble (d. <a href="/wiki/1684" title="1684">1684</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_19" title="December 19">December 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg-Neuenstadt" title="Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt">Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt</a>, German duke (d. <a href="/wiki/1682" title="1682">1682</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_21" title="December 21">December 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Benedict_Arnold_(governor)" title="Benedict Arnold (governor)">Benedict Arnold</a>, Rhode Island colonial governor (d. <a href="/wiki/1678" title="1678">1678</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_29" title="December 29">December 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scarborough" title="Charles Scarborough">Charles Scarborough</a>, English physician, mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1694" title="1694">1694</a>)</li> <li>Date unknown: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osoet_Pegua" title="Osoet Pegua">Osoet Pegua</a>, Thai businesswoman (d. <a href="/wiki/1658" title="1658">1658</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gironima_Spana" title="Gironima Spana">Gironima Spana</a>, Italian poisoner (d. <a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lacy_(playwright)" title="John Lacy (playwright)">John Lacy</a>, English actor and playwright (d. <a href="/wiki/1681" title="1681">1681</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Maria_(di_Cosimo_I)_de%27_Medici.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Maria_%28di_Cosimo_I%29_de%27_Medici.jpg/110px-Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Maria_%28di_Cosimo_I%29_de%27_Medici.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Maria_%28di_Cosimo_I%29_de%27_Medici.jpg/165px-Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Maria_%28di_Cosimo_I%29_de%27_Medici.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Maria_%28di_Cosimo_I%29_de%27_Medici.jpg/220px-Agnolo_Bronzino_-_Maria_%28di_Cosimo_I%29_de%27_Medici.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Virginia_de%27_Medici" title="Virginia de' Medici">Virginia de' Medici</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Ogilvie_martyr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/John_Ogilvie_martyr.jpg/110px-John_Ogilvie_martyr.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/John_Ogilvie_martyr.jpg/165px-John_Ogilvie_martyr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/John_Ogilvie_martyr.jpg/220px-John_Ogilvie_martyr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Ogilvie_(saint)" title="John Ogilvie (saint)">John Ogilvie</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Cherubini_Alberti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Portrait_of_Cherubini_Alberti.jpg/110px-Portrait_of_Cherubini_Alberti.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Portrait_of_Cherubini_Alberti.jpg/165px-Portrait_of_Cherubini_Alberti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Portrait_of_Cherubini_Alberti.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Cherubini_Alberti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1924" data-file-height="2671" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cherubino_Alberti" title="Cherubino Alberti">Cherubino Alberti</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gervase.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gervase.jpg/110px-Gervase.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gervase.jpg/165px-Gervase.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gervase.jpg/220px-Gervase.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gervase_Helwys" title="Gervase Helwys">Gervase Helwys</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anonymous_Portrait_of_Gerard_Reynst_circa_1650.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Anonymous_Portrait_of_Gerard_Reynst_circa_1650.jpg/110px-Anonymous_Portrait_of_Gerard_Reynst_circa_1650.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Anonymous_Portrait_of_Gerard_Reynst_circa_1650.jpg/165px-Anonymous_Portrait_of_Gerard_Reynst_circa_1650.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Anonymous_Portrait_of_Gerard_Reynst_circa_1650.jpg/220px-Anonymous_Portrait_of_Gerard_Reynst_circa_1650.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1865" data-file-height="2456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Reynst" title="Gerard Reynst">Gerard Reynst</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March_3"><span id="January.E2.80.93March_3"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">January 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Virginia_de%27_Medici" title="Virginia de' Medici">Virginia de' Medici</a>, Italian princess (b. <a href="/wiki/1568" title="1568">1568</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_16" title="January 16">January 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roger_Fenton_(clergyman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Fenton (clergyman)">Roger Fenton</a>, English clergyman (b. <a href="/wiki/1565" title="1565">1565</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">January 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Acquaviva" title="Claudio Acquaviva">Claudio Acquaviva</a>, Italian Jesuit priest, elected (in <a href="/wiki/1581" title="1581">1581</a>) the 5th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giambattista_della_Porta" title="Giambattista della Porta">Giambattista della Porta</a>, Italian scholar, polymath, playwright (b. <a href="/wiki/1535" title="1535">1535</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_3" title="February 3">February 3</a> or <a href="/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">February 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dom_Justo_Takayama" class="mw-redirect" title="Dom Justo Takayama">Dom Justo Takayama</a>, Japanese warlord (b. <a href="/wiki/1552" title="1552">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_4" title="March 4">March 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Aachen" title="Hans von Aachen">Hans von Aachen</a>, German painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1552" title="1552">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_6" title="March 6">March 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Both" title="Pieter Both">Pieter Both</a>, first Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. <a href="/wiki/1568" title="1568">1568</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_10" title="March 10">March 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Ogilvie_(saint)" title="John Ogilvie (saint)">John Ogilvie</a>, Scottish Catholic Jesuit martyr (b. <a href="/wiki/1579" title="1579">1579</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">March 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Pierrepont_(politician)" title="Henry Pierrepont (politician)">Henry Pierrepont</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1546" title="1546">1546</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_27" title="March 27">March 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Valois" title="Margaret of Valois">Margaret of Valois</a>, Queen of France (b. <a href="/wiki/1553" title="1553">1553</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June_3"><span id="April.E2.80.93June_3"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_1" title="April 1">April 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Istv%C3%A1nffy" title="Miklós Istvánffy">Miklós Istvánffy</a>, Hungarian politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1538" title="1538">1538</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">April 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Lower_(astronomer)" title="William Lower (astronomer)">William Lower</a>, British astronomer (b. <a href="/wiki/1570" title="1570">1570</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_4" title="May 4">May 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adriaan_van_Roomen" title="Adriaan van Roomen">Adriaan van Roomen</a>, Flemish mathematician (b. <a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Fernandez_Pacheco,_5th_Duke_of_Escalona" title="Juan Fernandez Pacheco, 5th Duke of Escalona">Juan Fernandez Pacheco, 5th Duke of Escalona</a>, Spanish noble and diplomat (b. <a href="/wiki/1563" title="1563">1563</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_9" title="May 9">May 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Perrin_(translator)" title="John Perrin (translator)">John Perrin</a>, English translator (b. <a href="/wiki/1558" title="1558">1558</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15" title="May 15">May 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Bromley_(died_1615)" title="Henry Bromley (died 1615)">Henry Bromley</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilson_(priest)" title="William Wilson (priest)">William Wilson</a>, English priest (b. <a href="/wiki/1545" title="1545">1545</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dirck_van_Os" title="Dirck van Os">Dirck van Os</a>, Dutch merchant (b. <a href="/wiki/1556" title="1556">1556</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2" title="June 2">June 2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuwana_Yoshinari" title="Kuwana Yoshinari">Kuwana Yoshinari</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1551" title="1551">1551</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimura_Shigenari" title="Kimura Shigenari">Kimura Shigenari</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1593" title="1593">1593</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">June 3</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hattori_Masanari" title="Hattori Masanari">Hattori Masanari</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1565" title="1565">1565</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanada_Yukimura" title="Sanada Yukimura">Sanada Yukimura</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_4" title="June 4">June 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ujiie_Yukihiro" title="Ujiie Yukihiro">Ujiie Yukihiro</a>, Japanese samurai and feudal lord, from the Sengoku period to the beginning of Edo period (b. <a href="/wiki/1546" title="1546">1546</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">June 23</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Lytton" title="Roland Lytton">Roland Lytton</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashita_Nagamori" title="Mashita Nagamori">Mashita Nagamori</a>, minor Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyō">daimyō</a></i> (b. <a href="/wiki/1545" title="1545">1545</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September_3"><span id="July.E2.80.93September_3"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alonso_P%C3%A9rez_de_Guzm%C3%A1n,_7th_Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Alonso Pérez de Guzmán, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia">Alonso Pérez de Guzmán, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1550" title="1550">1550</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_30" title="July 30">July 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Evert_Horn" title="Evert Horn">Evert Horn</a>, Swedish soldier (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">August 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Melchior_Vulpius" title="Melchior Vulpius">Melchior Vulpius</a>, German singer and composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1570" title="1570">1570</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_23" title="August 23">August 23</a> – Duke <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Joyeuse" title="François de Joyeuse">François de Joyeuse</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1562" title="1562">1562</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Pasquier" title="Étienne Pasquier">Étienne Pasquier</a>, French lawyer and man of letters (b. <a href="/wiki/1529" title="1529">1529</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_9" title="September 9">September 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Virginio_Orsini,_Duke_of_Bracciano" title="Virginio Orsini, Duke of Bracciano">Virginio Orsini, Duke of Bracciano</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1572" title="1572">1572</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">September 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vitus_Miletus" title="Vitus Miletus">Vitus Miletus</a>, German theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1549" title="1549">1549</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">September 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arbella_Stuart" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbella Stuart">Arbella Stuart</a>, English noblewoman and woman of letters (b. <a href="/wiki/1575" title="1575">1575</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December_3"><span id="October.E2.80.93December_3"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_9" title="October 9">October 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hasan_Kafi_Pru%C5%A1%C4%8Dak" title="Hasan Kafi Pruščak">Hasan Kafi Pruščak</a>, Bosnian scholar and judge (b. <a href="/wiki/1544" title="1544">1544</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_16" title="October 16">October 16</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_de_Cezelli" title="Françoise de Cezelli">Françoise de Cezelli</a>, French war hero (b. <a href="/wiki/1558" title="1558">1558</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Forg%C3%A1ch,_Archbishop_of_Esztergom" title="Ferenc Forgách, Archbishop of Esztergom">Ferenc Forgách, Archbishop of Esztergom</a>, Roman Catholic archbishop (b. <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_18" title="October 18">October 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cherubino_Alberti" title="Cherubino Alberti">Cherubino Alberti</a>, Italian engraver and painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1553" title="1553">1553</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_31" title="October 31">October 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marcantonio_Memmo" title="Marcantonio Memmo">Marcantonio Memmo</a>, Doge of Venice (b. <a href="/wiki/1536" title="1536">1536</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Richard_Musgrave,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet">Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">November 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Leveson" title="John Leveson">John Leveson</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1555" title="1555">1555</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_15" title="November 15">November 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anne_Turner_(murderer)" title="Anne Turner (murderer)">Anne Turner</a>, English murderer (b. <a href="/wiki/1576" title="1576">1576</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gervase_Helwys" title="Gervase Helwys">Gervase Helwys</a>, English murderer (b. <a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sethus_Calvisius" title="Sethus Calvisius">Sethus Calvisius</a>, German calendar reformer (b. <a href="/wiki/1556" title="1556">1556</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">November 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Howard,_3rd_Baron_Howard_of_Effingham" title="William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham">William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham</a>, English politician and Baron (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">November 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Albert_II,_Margrave_of_Brandenburg" title="George Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg">George Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1591" title="1591">1591</a>)</li> <li>November – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Wright_(mathematician)" title="Edward Wright (mathematician)">Edward Wright</a>, English mathematician and cartographer (b. <a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_7" title="December 7">December 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Reynst" title="Gerard Reynst">Gerard Reynst</a>, Dutch merchant (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1558" title="1558">1558</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_26" title="December 26">December 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/August_of_Saxony" title="August of Saxony">August of Saxony</a>, German prince (b. <a href="/wiki/1589" title="1589">1589</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1615&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Cassell's_Chronology_243248-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cassell's_Chronology_243248_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2005" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Hywel (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/243"><i>Cassell's Chronology of World History</i></a></span>. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/243">243–248</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-304-35730-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-304-35730-8"><bdi>0-304-35730-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cassell%27s+Chronology+of+World+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=243-248&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-304-35730-8&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Hywel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcassellschronolo0000will%2Fpage%2F243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1615" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrachan2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Strachan, Michael (2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23943">"Roe, Sir Thomas (1581–1644)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F23943">10.1093/ref:odnb/23943</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Roe%2C+Sir+Thomas+%281581%E2%80%931644%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F23943&rft.aulast=Strachan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F23943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1615" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Roe, as edited by Sir William Foster, <i>The Embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to the Court of the Great Mogul, 1615-1619, as Narrated in His Journal and Correspondence</i> (Hakluyt Society, 1899) p. 28 ("All being ready, on February 2, 1615, Roe embarked with fifteen followers in the Lion at Tilbury Hope.")</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Perception of the Japanese in Early Modern Spain: Not Quite 'The Best People Yet Discovered'", by Christina H. Lee, in <i>EHumanista</i> (2008) pp. 358–359 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSir_Adolphus_William_WardSir_George_Walter_ProtherSir_Stanley_Mordaunt_Leathes1934" class="citation book cs1">Sir Adolphus William Ward; Sir George Walter Prother; Sir Stanley Mordaunt Leathes (1934). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vNZFAAAAYAAJ"><i>The Cambridge Modern History: Planned by Lord Acton</i></a>. Macmillan. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Modern+History%3A+Planned+by+Lord+Acton&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1934&rft.au=Sir+Adolphus+William+Ward&rft.au=Sir+George+Walter+Prother&rft.au=Sir+Stanley+Mordaunt+Leathes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvNZFAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1615" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLesaffer,_Randall2004" class="citation book cs1">Lesaffer, Randall, ed. (2004). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/peacetreatiesint00lesa"><i>Peace Treaties and International Law in European History: From the Late Middle Ages to World War One</i></a></span>. Cambridge University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/peacetreatiesint00lesa/page/n61">39</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521827249" title="Special:BookSources/9780521827249"><bdi>9780521827249</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peace+Treaties+and+International+Law+in+European+History%3A+From+the+Late+Middle+Ages+to+World+War+One&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780521827249&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpeacetreatiesint00lesa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1615" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Buke shohatto", by Kiri Paramore, in <i>Japan at War: An Encyclopedia</i>, ed. by Louis G. Perez (ABC-CLIO, 2013) pp. 40-41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> "A Quarter Century of Trans-Pacific Diplomacy: New Spain and Japan, 1592–1617", by W. 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New City Press. p. 207. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56548-085-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56548-085-8"><bdi>978-1-56548-085-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Correspondence%2C+Conferences%2C+Documents&rft.pages=207&rft.pub=New+City+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-1-56548-085-8&rft.au=Saint+Vincent+de+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dfk5SAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1615" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLudwig_Freiherr_von_Pastor1940" class="citation book cs1">Ludwig Freiherr von Pastor (1940). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9t7NOFRqVqoC"><i>The History of the Popes, from the Close of the Middle Ages</i></a>. K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Company. p. 571.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Popes%2C+from+the+Close+of+the+Middle+Ages&rft.pages=571&rft.pub=K.+Paul%2C+Trench%2C+Tr%C3%BCbner+%26+Company&rft.date=1940&rft.au=Ludwig+Freiherr+von+Pastor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9t7NOFRqVqoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1615" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Orme1831" class="citation book cs1">William Orme (1831). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n5gLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA9"><i>The Life and Times of the Rev. Richard Baxter: With a Critical Examination of His Writings</i></a>. Crocker & Brewster. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+the+Rev.+Richard+Baxter%3A+With+a+Critical+Examination+of+His+Writings&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Crocker+%26+Brewster&rft.date=1831&rft.au=William+Orme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn5gLAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1615" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-of-Valois">"Margaret Of Valois | queen consort of Navarre | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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