CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Joshua 12:15 the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/joshua/12-15.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/9/06_Jos_12_15.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Joshua 12:15 - The Kings Defeated West of the Jordan" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/joshua/12-15.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/joshua/12-15.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/joshua/">Joshua</a> > <a href="/joshua/12.htm">Chapter 12</a> > Verse 15</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad15.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/joshua/12-14.htm" title="Joshua 12:14">◄</a> Joshua 12:15 <a href="/joshua/12-16.htm" title="Joshua 12:16">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/joshua/12.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/joshua/12.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah one the king of Adullam one<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/joshua/12.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />The king of Libnah The king of Adullam<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/joshua/12.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/joshua/12.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/joshua/12.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/joshua/12.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/joshua/12.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/joshua/12.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/joshua/12.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/joshua/12.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/joshua/12.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/joshua/12.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah one the king of Adullam one<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/joshua/12.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah one the king of Adullam one <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/joshua/12.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/joshua/12.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/joshua/12.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, the king of Adullam,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/joshua/12.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Libnah, Adullam, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/joshua/12.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />The king of Libnah: 1 The king of Adullam: 1<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/joshua/12.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/joshua/12.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah (one), the king of Adullam (one), <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/joshua/12.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/joshua/12.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/joshua/12.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one; <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/joshua/12.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/joshua/12.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> The king of Libnah, one; The king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/joshua/12.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />The king of Libnah, one: the king of Adallam, one;<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/joshua/12.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />The king of Lebna one, the king of Odullam one, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/joshua/12.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/joshua/12.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/joshua/12.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />the king of Libnah one the king of Adullam one<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/joshua/12.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/joshua/12.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />The one King of Lebna, the one King of Arlam<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/joshua/12.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/joshua/12.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />the king of Lebna, the king of Odollam,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/joshua/12-15.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/p91zXIGB0Rk?start=3243" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/joshua/12.htm">The Kings Defeated West of the Jordan</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">14</span>the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one; <span class="reftext">15</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">the king</a> <a href="/hebrew/3841.htm" title="3841: liḇ·nāh (N-proper-fs) -- The same as libneh; Libnah, a place in the Desert and one in Palestine.">of Libnah,</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: ’e·ḥāḏ (Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">one;</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">the king</a> <a href="/hebrew/5725.htm" title="5725: ‘ă·ḏul·lām (N-proper-fs) -- A Canaanite city. Probably from the passive participle of the same as Adlay; Adullam, a place in Palestine.">of Adullam,</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: ’e·ḥāḏ (Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">one;</a> </span><span class="reftext">16</span>the king of Makkedah, one; the king of Bethel, one;…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3</a></span><br />Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joshua/11-1.htm">Joshua 11:1</a></span><br />Now when Jabin king of Hazor heard about these things, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon; to the kings of Shimron and Achshaph;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/judges/1-1.htm">Judges 1:1-2</a></span><br />After the death of Joshua, the Israelites inquired of the LORD, “Who will be the first to go up and fight for us against the Canaanites?” / “Judah shall go up,” answered the LORD. “Indeed, I have delivered the land into their hands.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/15-8.htm">1 Samuel 15:8</a></span><br />He captured Agag king of Amalek alive, but devoted all the others to destruction with the sword.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/4-19.htm">1 Kings 4:19</a></span><br />Geber son of Uri in the land of Gilead, including the territories of Sihon king of the Amorites and of Og king of Bashan. There was also one governor in the land of Judah.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/23-29.htm">2 Kings 23:29</a></span><br />During Josiah’s reign, Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt marched up to help the king of Assyria at the Euphrates River. King Josiah went out to confront him, but Neco faced him and killed him at Megiddo.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/1-43.htm">1 Chronicles 1:43</a></span><br />These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the Israelites: Bela son of Beor. His city was named Dinhabah.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/10-9.htm">Isaiah 10:9</a></span><br />“Is not Calno like Carchemish? Is not Hamath like Arpad? Is not Samaria like Damascus?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/46-2.htm">Jeremiah 46:2</a></span><br />concerning Egypt and the army of Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt, which was defeated at Carchemish on the Euphrates River by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/30-21.htm">Ezekiel 30:21</a></span><br />“Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt. See, it has not been bound up for healing, or splinted for strength to hold the sword.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/1-1.htm">Matthew 1:1-2</a></span><br />This is the record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham: / Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/2-1.htm">Matthew 2:1</a></span><br />After Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea, during the time of King Herod, Magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/3-1.htm">Luke 3:1</a></span><br />In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, while Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, Herod tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/7-45.htm">Acts 7:45</a></span><br />And our fathers who received it brought it in with Joshua when they dispossessed the nations God drove out before them. It remained until the time of David,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/15-4.htm">Romans 15:4</a></span><br />For everything that was written in the past was written for our instruction, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures, we might have hope.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/joshua/10-29.htm">Joshua 10:29,30</a></b></br> Then Joshua passed from Makkedah, and all Israel with him, unto Libnah, and fought against Libnah: … </p><p class="hdg">Adullam</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm">1 Samuel 22:1</a></b></br> David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard <i>it</i>, they went down thither to him.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/genesis/38-12.htm">Adullam</a> <a href="/joshua/10-39.htm">Libnah</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/joshua/15-35.htm">Adullam</a> <a href="/joshua/15-42.htm">Libnah</a><div class="vheading2">Joshua 12</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/12-1.htm">The two kings whose countries Moses took and disposed of</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/12-7.htm">The thirty-one kings on the other side of Jordan which Joshua smote</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/12.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/joshua/12.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>the king of Libnah, one;</b><br>Libnah was a city in the Shephelah region of ancient Judah. It is mentioned several times in the Old Testament, notably in the context of the Israelite conquest of Canaan. The city was allotted to the tribe of Judah (<a href="/joshua/15-42.htm">Joshua 15:42</a>) and later became a Levitical city (<a href="/joshua/21-13.htm">Joshua 21:13</a>). The mention of "one" king indicates the singularity of the conquest, emphasizing the completeness of Israel's victory over the Canaanite kings. Libnah's rebellion against Judah during the reign of King Jehoram (<a href="/2_kings/8-22.htm">2 Kings 8:22</a>) suggests its strategic importance and possibly its fortified nature. Archaeological evidence suggests that Libnah was a significant settlement during the Late Bronze Age, aligning with the biblical timeline of the conquest. The defeat of the king of Libnah is part of the broader narrative of God's faithfulness in delivering the Promised Land to the Israelites, fulfilling His covenant promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.<p><b>the king of Adullam, one;</b><br>Adullam is best known for its association with David, who sought refuge in the Cave of Adullam while fleeing from King Saul (<a href="/1_samuel/22.htm">1 Samuel 22:1-2</a>). This city was also located in the Shephelah, a region characterized by its rolling hills and fertile valleys, making it a valuable area for agriculture and settlement. The mention of the king of Adullam in the list of defeated kings underscores the thoroughness of Joshua's campaign in subduing the land. Adullam's strategic location made it a key target in securing the southern part of Canaan. The singular "one" again highlights the individual defeat of each king, symbolizing the dismantling of Canaanite power structures. The conquest of Adullam and its king is a testament to the divine mandate given to Joshua and the Israelites, as they acted as instruments of God's judgment against the idolatrous nations of Canaan. This victory, like others, prefigures the ultimate triumph of Christ over sin and death, as He establishes His kingdom.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_of_libnah.htm">King of Libnah</a></b><br>Libnah was a city in the Shephelah region of Judah. The king of Libnah was one of the Canaanite kings defeated by Joshua during the conquest of the Promised Land. The name "Libnah" means "whiteness" in Hebrew, possibly referring to the white stones or chalky soil of the area.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_of_adullam.htm">King of Adullam</a></b><br>Adullam was another city in the Shephelah, known for its strategic location. The king of Adullam was also defeated by Joshua. Adullam is historically significant as the location of the Cave of Adullam, where David sought refuge from King Saul.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/j/joshua's_conquest.htm">Joshua's Conquest</a></b><br>This verse is part of a larger passage listing the kings defeated by Joshua as he led the Israelites into the Promised Land. This conquest was a fulfillment of God's promise to give the land of Canaan to the descendants of Abraham.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness_in_fulfillment.htm">God's Faithfulness in Fulfillment</a></b><br>The listing of defeated kings, including those of Libnah and Adullam, demonstrates God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Israel. Believers can trust in God's promises in their own lives.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_obedience.htm">The Importance of Obedience</a></b><br>Joshua's success in conquering these cities was due to his obedience to God's commands. Obedience to God leads to victory in spiritual battles.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/h/historical_and_spiritual_significance.htm">Historical and Spiritual Significance</a></b><br>Understanding the historical context of these cities enriches our comprehension of biblical events and their spiritual implications.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_over_nations.htm">God's Sovereignty Over Nations</a></b><br>The defeat of these kings illustrates God's sovereignty over all nations and leaders. Believers can find comfort in God's ultimate control over world events.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_joshua_12.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Joshua 12</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_create_satan_knowing_he'd_rebel.htm">Why did God create Satan if He knew he would rebel?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_aren't_some_conquered_areas_in_joshua_12.htm">Why are certain cities or regions that were allegedly conquered in previous chapters not mentioned in Joshua 12, suggesting possible inconsistencies?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/was_2_kings_15_12_written_post-event.htm">2 Kings 15:12 references a prophecy fulfilled through Jehu's dynasty--how do we address claims that the text was written or edited post-event to appear prophetic?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_sustains_my_heart_when_i'm_weak.htm">What is the biblical account of Canaan's conquest?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/joshua/12.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 15.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Adullam</span>. In the Shephelah (<span class="accented">valley</span> in our version. See ch. 15:33-35). Canon Tristram in his 'Bible Lands,' as well as Conder in his 'Handbook,' identify this with Aid-el-Me, or Mich. In the Quarterly Paper of the Palestine Exploration Fund for July, 1875 (see also Jan., 1874), Lieut. Conder details a visit to this place, previously identified by M. Clermont-Ganneau. These explorers reject the idea approved by Vandevelde and others, that this Deir Dabban is the ancient Adullam. The place he prefers fulfils all requirements. It is in the Shephelah. It is near Jarmuth and Socoh. It is an ancient site with "rock cut tombs, good water supply, and main road, and communications from different sides, and it is moreover a strong military position. It contains no remarkable cave, but a number of small ones, now used as habitations by the peasantry." Keilah, which David saved from the Philistines (<a href="/1_samuel/23-1.htm">1 Samuel 23:1-5</a>), was within a reasonable distance. The present name, Aid-el-Me or Mieh, the feast of the hundred, may be a misapprehension of the word Adullam similar to that which converts the Welsh "yr eifel," in Carnarvonshire, into the English "the rivals," or which identifies in many English names the English <span class="accented">burn</span> (brook) with the French <span class="accented">borne</span> (boundary). One of the greatest objections to the theory is that the Hebrew so frequently speaks of the place as Cave-Adullam (Ma'arah-Adullam), as though some special cave existed there. Adullam plays a somewhat important part in Scripture history. We hear of it as early as <a href="/genesis/38.htm">Genesis 38</a>, where Hirah the Adullamite is spoken of as a friend of the patriarch Judah.. It is well known as the refuge of David and his mighty men (<a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm">1 Samuel 22:1</a>; <a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">2 Samuel 23:13-17</a>). It was the place where David composed two of his psalms, the 57th and the 142nd. Rehoboam fortified it (<a href="/2_chronicles/11-7.htm">2 Chronicles 11:7</a>). It seems to be regarded as a refuge in <a href="/micah/1-15.htm">Micah 1:15</a>. And it is mentioned among the cities re-occupied after the return from the captivity in <a href="/nehemiah/11-30.htm">Nehemiah 11:30</a>. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/joshua/12-15.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">the king</span><br /><span class="heb">מֶ֤לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Libnah,</span><br /><span class="heb">לִבְנָה֙</span> <span class="translit">(liḇ·nāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3841.htm">Strong's 3841: </a> </span><span class="str2">Libnah -- a city in soutwest Judah, also a place in the wilderness</span><br /><br /><span class="word">one;</span><br /><span class="heb">אֶחָ֔ד</span> <span class="translit">(’e·ḥāḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Number - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> </span><span class="str2">United, one, first</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the king</span><br /><span class="heb">מֶ֥לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Adullam,</span><br /><span class="heb">עֲדֻלָּ֖ם</span> <span class="translit">(‘ă·ḏul·lām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5725.htm">Strong's 5725: </a> </span><span class="str2">Adullam -- a Canaanite city</span><br /><br /><span class="word">one;</span><br /><span class="heb">אֶחָֽד׃</span> <span class="translit">(’e·ḥāḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Number - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> </span><span class="str2">United, one, first</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/joshua/12-15.htm">OT History: Joshua 12:15 The king of Libnah one (Josh. Jos)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/joshua/12-14.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Joshua 12:14"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Joshua 12:14" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/joshua/12-16.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Joshua 12:16"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Joshua 12:16" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>