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cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Development subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Growth_in_puberty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Growth_in_puberty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Growth in puberty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Growth_in_puberty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physiological_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physiological_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Physiological functions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Physiological_functions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Physiological functions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Physiological_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Urination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voiding_position" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voiding_position"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Voiding position</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voiding_position-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_stimulation_and_arousal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_stimulation_and_arousal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Sexual stimulation and arousal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_stimulation_and_arousal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Erection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Erection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Erection_angle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erection_angle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1.1</span> <span>Erection angle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erection_angle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ejaculation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ejaculation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Ejaculation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ejaculation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolved_adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolved_adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Evolved adaptations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Evolved_adaptations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Evolved adaptations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Evolved_adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Penis_size" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penis_size"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Penis size</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penis_size-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Semen_displacement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Semen_displacement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Semen displacement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Semen_displacement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clinical_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clinical_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Clinical significance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Clinical significance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Disorders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disorders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Disorders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disorders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Developmental_disorders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Developmental_disorders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Developmental disorders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Developmental_disorders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alleged_and_observed_psychological_disorders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_and_observed_psychological_disorders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Alleged and observed psychological disorders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_and_observed_psychological_disorders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Society and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Society and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Terminology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alteration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alteration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Alteration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alteration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Circumcision" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circumcision"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Circumcision</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circumcision-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Potential_regeneration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Potential_regeneration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Potential regeneration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Potential_regeneration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Human penis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintel" title="Pintel – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Pintel" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قضيب الإنسان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قضيب الإنسان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%B1_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5" title="মানৱ উপস্থ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মানৱ উপস্থ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nsan_penisi" title="İnsan penisi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnsan penisi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8" title="মানব শিশ্ন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মানব শিশ্ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B7%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Ир енес ағзаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ир енес ағзаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пеніс чалавека – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пеніс чалавека" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Чэлес чалавека – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Чэлес чалавека" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buto_nin_tawo" title="Buto nin tawo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Buto nin tawo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пенис при човека – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пенис при човека" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penis_hum%C3%A0" title="Penis humà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Penis humà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%C4%95%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%C4%95%D1%80%C4%95" title="Этемĕн ар хатĕрĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Этемĕн ар хатĕрĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidsk%C3%BD_penis" title="Lidský penis – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lidský penis" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85" title="قضيب ديال بنادم – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="قضيب ديال بنادم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penis_des_Menschen" title="Penis des Menschen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Penis des Menschen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%80%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%B0_%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%81%DE%A8" title="ފިރިހެން ހަށި – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފިރިހެން ހަށި" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%80%CE%AD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ανθρώπινο πέος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανθρώπινο πέος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pene_humano" title="Pene humano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pene humano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homa_peniso" title="Homa peniso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Homa peniso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giza_zakil" title="Giza zakil – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Giza zakil" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="آلت مردانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلت مردانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9nis_humain" title="Pénis humain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pénis humain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B0%84%EC%9D%98_%EC%9D%8C%EA%B2%BD" title="인간의 음경 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인간의 음경" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%27aurar_Namiji" title="Al'aurar Namiji – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Al'aurar Namiji" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Մարդու առնանդամ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարդու առնանդամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="मानवीय लिंग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मानवीय लिंग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penis_manusia" title="Penis manusia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penis manusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pene_umano" title="Pene umano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pene umano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9F" title="פין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butu_ning_tau" title="Butu ning tau – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Butu ning tau" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ადამიანის პენისი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ადამიანის პენისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D2%A3_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%BC%D2%AF%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96" title="Еркектің жыныстық мүшесі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Еркектің жыныстық мүшесі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C3%BBk%C3%AA_mirov" title="Çûkê mirov – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Çûkê mirov" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8D" title="ອະໄວຍະວະເພດຊາຍ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອະໄວຍະວະເພດຊາຍ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penis_hominis" title="Penis hominis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Penis hominis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDmogaus_varpa" title="Žmogaus varpa – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žmogaus varpa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penis_umana" title="Penis umana – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Penis umana" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%ADmvessz%C5%91" title="Hímvessző – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hímvessző" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81_(%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA)" title="Пенис (човек) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пенис (човек)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8" title="मानवी शिश्न – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मानवी शिश्न" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%84" title="قضيب الراجل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قضيب الراجل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%90%D8%B4%D9%85" title="وِشم – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="وِشم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakar_manusia" title="Zakar manusia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zakar manusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB%E1%80%90%E1%80%B6" title="ယောက်ျား အင်္ဂါတံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယောက်ျား အင်္ဂါတံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menselijke_penis" title="Menselijke penis – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Menselijke penis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%88%E3%81%AE%E9%99%B0%E8%8C%8E" title="ヒトの陰茎 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒトの陰茎" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erkak_jinsiy_a%CA%BCzosi" title="Erkak jinsiy aʼzosi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Erkak jinsiy aʼzosi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%86" title="لن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%DA%A9%DB%90_%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%B0%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%87" title="په انسانانو کې د تذکیر آله – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="په انسانانو کې د تذکیر آله" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C4%85cie_cz%C5%82owieka" title="Prącie człowieka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prącie człowieka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9nis_humano" title="Pénis humano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pénis humano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penis_uman" title="Penis uman – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Penis uman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Половой член человека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Половой член человека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%81" title="Өбүс – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Өбүс" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_penis" title="Human penis – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Human penis" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penisi_i_njeriut" title="Penisi i njeriut – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Penisi i njeriut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_penis" title="Human penis – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Human penis" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A4" title="کێری مرۆڤ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کێری مرۆڤ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titi_ng_tao" title="Titi ng tao – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Titi ng tao" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="மனித ஆண்குறி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மனித ஆண்குறி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aglay" title="Aglay – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Aglay" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80_%D2%97%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81_%D3%99%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Ирләр җенес әгъзасы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ирләр җенес әгъзасы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="องคชาตมนุษย์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="องคชาตมนุษย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%88%B8%E1%8A%92" title="መሸኒ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="መሸኒ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nsan_penisi" title="İnsan penisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İnsan penisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Статевий член чоловіка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Статевий член чоловіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84" title="انسانی عضو تناسل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انسانی عضو تناسل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_v%E1%BA%ADt_ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di" title="Dương vật người – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dương vật người" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9_(antomeye)" title="Vé (antomeye) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Vé (antomeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E8%84%A7" title="人脧 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="人脧" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human male external reproductive organ</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:dimgray; color: white">Human penis</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Penis_with_Labels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Penis_with_Labels.jpg/220px-Penis_with_Labels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Penis_with_Labels.jpg/330px-Penis_with_Labels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Penis_with_Labels.jpg/440px-Penis_with_Labels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1413" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A flaccid uncircumcised penis; naturally occurring <a href="/wiki/Pubic_hair" title="Pubic hair">pubic hair</a> has been deliberately removed to show anatomical detail</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Embryology" title="Embryology">Precursor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Genital_tubercle" title="Genital tubercle">Genital tubercle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urogenital_folds" class="mw-redirect" title="Urogenital folds">urogenital folds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urogenital_sinus" title="Urogenital sinus">urogenital sinus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Organ_system" title="Organ system">System</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Genitourinary_system" title="Genitourinary system">Genitourinary system</a>, <a href="/wiki/Male_reproductive_system" title="Male reproductive system">male reproductive system</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Artery" title="Artery">Artery</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_artery_of_the_penis" title="Dorsal artery of the penis">Dorsal artery of the penis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deep_artery_of_the_penis" title="Deep artery of the penis">deep artery of the penis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artery_of_the_urethral_bulb" class="mw-redirect" title="Artery of the urethral bulb">artery of bulb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_artery" title="Internal pudendal artery">internal pudendal artery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Vein" title="Vein">Vein</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_veins_of_the_penis" title="Dorsal veins of the penis">Deep dorsal vein, superficial dorsal vein of the penis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vein_of_bulb_of_penis" title="Vein of bulb of penis">vein of bulb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_veins" title="Internal pudendal veins">internal pudendal veins</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nerve" title="Nerve">Nerve</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_nerve_of_the_penis" title="Dorsal nerve of the penis">Dorsal nerve of the penis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pudendal_nerve" title="Pudendal nerve">pudendal nerve</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Lymph" title="Lymph">Lymph</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Superficial_inguinal_lymph_nodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Superficial inguinal lymph nodes">Superficial inguinal lymph nodes</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>penis, pudendum virile, membrum virile</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D010413">D010413</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/09.4.01.001%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A09.4.01.001</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=3662">3662</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma9707">9707</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">Anatomical terminology</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8124" class="extiw" title="d:Q8124">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Human_body" title="Human body">human anatomy</a>, the <b>penis</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <abbr title="plural">pl.</abbr>: <b>penises</b> or <b>penes</b>; from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>pēnis</i>, initially "tail"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is an external <a href="/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">sex organ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Intromittent_organ" title="Intromittent organ">intromittent organ</a>) through which males <a href="/wiki/Urination" title="Urination">urinate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">ejaculate</a>. Together with the <a href="/wiki/Testes" class="mw-redirect" title="Testes">testes</a> and surrounding structures, the penis functions as part of the <a href="/wiki/Male_reproductive_system" title="Male reproductive system">male reproductive system</a>. </p><p>The main parts of the penis are the <a href="/wiki/Root_of_penis" title="Root of penis">root</a>, <a href="/wiki/Body_of_penis" title="Body of penis">body</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Epithelium" title="Epithelium">epithelium</a> of the penis including the shaft skin, and the <a href="/wiki/Foreskin" title="Foreskin">foreskin</a> covering the <a href="/wiki/Glans_penis" title="Glans penis">glans</a>. The body of the penis is made up of three columns of <a href="/wiki/Tissue_(biology)" title="Tissue (biology)">tissue</a>: two <a href="/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_penis" title="Corpus cavernosum penis">corpora cavernosa</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Dorsal_side" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorsal side">dorsal side</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corpus_spongiosum_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpus spongiosum penis">corpus spongiosum</a> between them on the <a href="/wiki/Ventral_side" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventral side">ventral side</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Urethra#Male" title="Urethra">urethra</a> passes through the <a href="/wiki/Prostate_gland" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostate gland">prostate gland</a>, where it is joined by the <a href="/wiki/Ejaculatory_duct" title="Ejaculatory duct">ejaculatory ducts</a>, and then through the penis. The urethra goes across the corpus spongiosum and ends at the tip of the glans as the opening, the <a href="/wiki/Urinary_meatus" title="Urinary meatus">urinary meatus</a>. </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">erection</a> is the stiffening expansion and orthogonal reorientation of the penis, which occurs during <a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">sexual arousal</a>. Erections can occur in non-<a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">sexual</a> situations; spontaneous non-sexual erections frequently occur during adolescence and sleep. In its flaccid state, the penis is smaller, gives to pressure, and the glans is covered by the foreskin. In its fully erect state, the shaft becomes rigid and the glans becomes engorged but not rigid. An erect penis may be straight or curved and may point at an upward angle, a downward angle, or straight ahead. As of 2015<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Human_penis&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the average erect human penis is 13.12 cm (5.17 in) long and has a circumference of 11.66 cm (4.59 in).<sup id="cite_ref-realclearscience.com_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-realclearscience.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-veale2015_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veale2015-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neither age nor size of the flaccid penis accurately predicts erectile length. There are also several common <a href="/wiki/Body_modification" title="Body modification">body modifications</a> to the penis, including <a href="/wiki/Circumcision" title="Circumcision">circumcision</a> and <a href="/wiki/Genital_piercing" title="Genital piercing">piercings</a>. </p><p>The penis <a href="/wiki/List_of_related_male_and_female_reproductive_organs" title="List of related male and female reproductive organs">is homologous to</a> the <a href="/wiki/Clitoris" title="Clitoris">clitoris</a> in females.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Penis_lateral_cross_section.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Penis_lateral_cross_section.jpg/330px-Penis_lateral_cross_section.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Penis_lateral_cross_section.jpg/500px-Penis_lateral_cross_section.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Penis_lateral_cross_section.jpg/660px-Penis_lateral_cross_section.jpg 2x" data-file-width="805" data-file-height="458" /></a><figcaption>Lateral cross section of the penis</figcaption></figure> <p>Three main parts of the human penis include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Root_of_penis" title="Root of penis">Root</a>: It is the attached part, consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Bulb_of_the_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulb of the penis">bulb</a> in the middle and the <a href="/wiki/Crus_of_penis" title="Crus of penis">crura</a>, one crus on either side of the bulb. It lies within the <a href="/wiki/Superficial_perineal_pouch" title="Superficial perineal pouch">superficial perineal pouch</a>. The crus is attached to the <a href="/wiki/Pubic_arch" title="Pubic arch">pubic arch</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_penis" title="Body of penis">Shaft</a>: The pendulous part of the penis. It has two surfaces: dorsal (posterosuperior in the erect penis) and ventral or urethral (facing downwards and backwards on the flaccid penis). The ventral surface is marked by the penile raphe. The base of the shaft is supported by the <a href="/wiki/Suspensory_ligament_of_penis" title="Suspensory ligament of penis">suspensory ligament</a>, which is attached to the <a href="/wiki/Pubic_symphysis" title="Pubic symphysis">pubic symphysis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray'sStudentsFourthPerineum_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray'sStudentsFourthPerineum-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epithelium" title="Epithelium">Epithelium</a> of the penis consists of the shaft <a href="/wiki/Human_skin" title="Human skin">skin</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Foreskin" title="Foreskin">foreskin</a> (prepuce), and the <a href="/wiki/Preputial_mucosa" title="Preputial mucosa">preputial mucosa</a> on the inside of it. The foreskin covers and protects the <a href="/wiki/Glans_penis" title="Glans penis">glans</a> and shaft. The epithelium is not attached to the underlying shaft, so it is free to glide to and fro.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The human penis is made up of three columns of <a href="/wiki/Erectile_tissue" title="Erectile tissue">erectile tissue</a>: two <a href="/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_penis" title="Corpus cavernosum penis">corpora cavernosa</a> lie next to each other (separated by a fibrous <a href="/wiki/Septum_of_the_penis" title="Septum of the penis">septum</a>) on the <a href="/wiki/Dorsal_side" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorsal side">dorsal side</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Corpus_spongiosum_(penis)" title="Corpus spongiosum (penis)">corpus spongiosum</a> lies between them on the <a href="/wiki/Ventral_side" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventral side">ventral side</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bannister_LH,_Dyson_M._Reproductive_system._In:_Williams_PL,_ed._Gray's_Anatomy._London:_Churchill_Livingstone;_1995:1857._7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bannister_LH,_Dyson_M._Reproductive_system._In:_Williams_PL,_ed._Gray's_Anatomy._London:_Churchill_Livingstone;_1995:1857.-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These columns are surrounded by a fibrous layer of connective tissue called the <a href="/wiki/Tunica_albuginea_(penis)" title="Tunica albuginea (penis)">tunica albuginea</a>. The corpora cavernosa are innervated by lesser and greater <a href="/wiki/Cavernous_nerves" title="Cavernous nerves">cavernous nerves</a> and form most of the penis containing <a href="/wiki/Blood_vessel" title="Blood vessel">blood vessels</a> that fill with <a href="/wiki/Blood" title="Blood">blood</a> to help make an erection.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crura are the proximal parts of the corpora cavernosa. The corpus spongiosum is an erectile tissue surrounding the urethra. The proximal parts of the corpus spongiosum form the bulb and the distal ends form the glans penis.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray'sStudentsFourthPerineum_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray'sStudentsFourthPerineum-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The enlarged and bulbous-shaped end of the corpus spongiosum forms the glans penis with two specific types of sinusoids, which supports the foreskin, a loose fold of skin that in adults can retract to expose the glans.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area on the underside of the glans, where the foreskin is attached, is called the <a href="/wiki/Frenulum_of_prepuce_of_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Frenulum of prepuce of penis">frenulum</a>. The rounded base of the glans is called the <a href="/wiki/Corona_of_glans_penis" title="Corona of glans penis">corona</a>. The inner surface of the foreskin and corona is rich in <a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_gland" title="Sebaceous gland">sebaceous glands</a> that secrete <a href="/wiki/Smegma" title="Smegma">smegma</a>. The structure of the penis is supported by the <a href="/wiki/Pelvic_floor_muscles" class="mw-redirect" title="Pelvic floor muscles">pelvic floor muscles</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray1158_cumpleted.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gray1158_cumpleted.png/330px-Gray1158_cumpleted.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gray1158_cumpleted.png/500px-Gray1158_cumpleted.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gray1158_cumpleted.png/660px-Gray1158_cumpleted.png 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Anatomical diagram of the penis</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Urethra#Male" title="Urethra">urethra</a>, which is the last part of the <a href="/wiki/Urinary_system" title="Urinary system">urinary tract</a>, traverses the corpus spongiosum (<a href="/wiki/Spongy_urethra" title="Spongy urethra">spongy urethra</a>) and opens through the <a href="/wiki/Urinary_meatus" title="Urinary meatus">urinary meatus</a> on the tip of the glans. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1116_Muscle_of_the_Male_Perineum.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/1116_Muscle_of_the_Male_Perineum.png/220px-1116_Muscle_of_the_Male_Perineum.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/1116_Muscle_of_the_Male_Perineum.png/330px-1116_Muscle_of_the_Male_Perineum.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/1116_Muscle_of_the_Male_Perineum.png/440px-1116_Muscle_of_the_Male_Perineum.png 2x" data-file-width="1176" data-file-height="1226" /></a><figcaption>Muscles underlying the penis and perineum</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Penile_raphe" title="Penile raphe">penile raphe</a> is the visible ridge between the <a href="/wiki/Lateral_(anatomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral (anatomy)">lateral</a> halves of the penis, found on the ventral or underside of the penis, running from the meatus and continuing as the <a href="/wiki/Perineal_raphe" title="Perineal raphe">perineal raphe</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">scrotum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Perineum" title="Perineum">perineum</a> (area between scrotum and <a href="/wiki/Human_anus" title="Human anus">anus</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Snell_RS._The_perineum._In:_Snell_RS,_ed._Clinical_Anatomy._Philadelphia,_Pa:_Lippincott_Williams_&_Wilkins;_2004:430–431._10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snell_RS._The_perineum._In:_Snell_RS,_ed._Clinical_Anatomy._Philadelphia,_Pa:_Lippincott_Williams_&_Wilkins;_2004:430–431.-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The human penis differs from <a href="/wiki/Mammal_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammal penis">those of most other mammals</a>, as it has no <a href="/wiki/Baculum" title="Baculum">baculum</a> (or erectile bone) and instead relies entirely on engorgement with blood to reach its erect state. A distal ligament buttresses the glans penis and plays an integral role to the penile fibroskeleton, and the structure is called "os analog", a term coined by <a href="/wiki/Geng_Long_Hsu" title="Geng Long Hsu">Geng Long Hsu</a> in the <i>Encyclopedia of Reproduction</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-M._K._Skinner_(Ed.),_Encyclopedia_of_Reproduction._vol._1,_pp._367–375._Academic_Press:_Elsevier._11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M._K._Skinner_(Ed.),_Encyclopedia_of_Reproduction._vol._1,_pp._367–375._Academic_Press:_Elsevier.-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a remnant of the baculum that has likely evolved due to change in mating practice<b>.</b><sup id="cite_ref-www.sciencemag.org_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.sciencemag.org-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The human penis cannot be withdrawn into the groin, and it is larger than average in the animal kingdom in proportion to body mass. The human penis is reciprocating from a cotton soft to a bony rigidity resulting from penile arterial flow varied between 2–3 to 60–80 mL/Min implies the most ideal milieu to apply Pascal's law in the entire human body; the overall structure is unique.<sup id="cite_ref-M._K._Skinner_(Ed.),_Encyclopedia_of_Reproduction._vol._1,_pp._367–375._Academic_Press:_Elsevier._11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M._K._Skinner_(Ed.),_Encyclopedia_of_Reproduction._vol._1,_pp._367–375._Academic_Press:_Elsevier.-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Size">Size</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Human_penis_size" title="Human penis size">Human penis size</a></div> <p>Penile measurements vary, with studies that rely on self-measurement reporting a significantly higher average size than those which rely on measurements taken by health professional. A 2015 systematic review of 15,521 men in which the subjects were measured by health professionals showed that the average length of an erect human penis is 13.12 cm (5.17 inches) long, while the average circumference of an erect human penis is 11.66 cm (4.59 inches).<sup id="cite_ref-realclearscience.com_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-realclearscience.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-veale2015_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veale2015-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among all primates, the human penis is the largest in girth, but is comparable to the <a href="/wiki/Common_chimpanzee" class="mw-redirect" title="Common chimpanzee">chimpanzee</a> penis and the penises of certain other primates in length.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Penis size is affected by <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a>, but also by environmental factors such as <a href="/wiki/Fertility_medication" title="Fertility medication">fertility medications</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> and chemical/pollution exposure.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Normal_variations">Normal variations</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Penis_collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Penis_collage.jpg/250px-Penis_collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Penis_collage.jpg/330px-Penis_collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Penis_collage.jpg/500px-Penis_collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1205" data-file-height="1234" /></a><figcaption>Various flaccid penises (foreskin retracted in some photos)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirsuties_coronae_glandis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirsuties coronae glandis">Pearly penile papules</a> are raised bumps of somewhat paler color around the base (sulcus) of the glans, which typically develop in males aged 20 to 40. As of 1999, different studies had produced estimates of incidence ranging from 8 to 48 percent of all men.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> They may be mistaken for warts, but are not harmful or infectious and do not require treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordyce%27s_spot" class="mw-redirect" title="Fordyce's spot">Fordyce's spots</a> are small, raised, yellowish-white spots 1–2 mm (roughly 0.05 inch) in diameter that may appear on the penis, which again are common and not infectious.</li> <li><i>Sebaceous prominences</i> are raised bumps similar to Fordyce's spots on the shaft of the penis, located at the <a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_gland" title="Sebaceous gland">sebaceous glands</a> and are normal.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phimosis" title="Phimosis">Phimosis</a> is an inability to retract the foreskin fully. It is normal and harmless in infancy and pre-pubescence, occurring in about 8% of boys at age 10. According to the British Medical Association, treatment (topical steroid cream and/or manual stretching) does not need to be considered until age 19.</li> <li>Curvature: few penises are completely straight, with curves commonly seen in all directions (up, down, left, right). Sometimes the curve is very prominent but it rarely inhibits <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sexual intercourse</a>. Curvature as great as 30° is considered normal and medical treatment is rarely considered unless the angle exceeds 45°. Changes to the curvature of a penis may be caused by <a href="/wiki/Peyronie%27s_disease" title="Peyronie's disease">Peyronie's disease</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_reproductive_system" title="Development of the reproductive system">Development of the reproductive system</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png/250px-Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png/330px-Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png/500px-Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png 2x" data-file-width="2246" data-file-height="2436" /></a><figcaption>Development of external genitals showing <a href="/wiki/Homology_(biology)" title="Homology (biology)">homologues</a> from <i>indifferent</i> to both sexes - male on left</figcaption></figure> <p>When the fetus is exposed to <a href="/wiki/Testosterone" title="Testosterone">testosterone</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Genital_tubercle" title="Genital tubercle">genital tubercle</a> elongates (<a href="/wiki/Primordial_phallus" title="Primordial phallus">primordial phallus</a>) and develops into the glans and shaft of the penis and the <a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_reproductive_system#External_genitalia" title="Development of the reproductive system">urogenital folds</a> fuse to become the penile raphe.<sup id="cite_ref-DevHuman_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DevHuman-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JonesLopez2013p352_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesLopez2013p352-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The urethra within the penis (except within the glans) is developed from the <a href="/wiki/Urogenital_sinus" title="Urogenital sinus">urogenital sinus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Growth_in_puberty">Growth in puberty</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tanner_stages" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanner stages">Tanner stages</a></div> <p>On entering <a href="/wiki/Puberty" title="Puberty">puberty</a>, the penis, scrotum and <a href="/wiki/Testicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Testicles">testicles</a> will enlarge toward maturity. During the process, <a href="/wiki/Pubic_hair" title="Pubic hair">pubic hair</a> grows above and around the penis. A large-scale study assessing penis size in thousands of 17- to 19-year-old males found no difference in average penis size between 17-year-olds and 19-year-olds. From this, it can be concluded that penile growth is typically complete not later than age 17, and possibly earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physiological_functions">Physiological functions</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urination">Urination</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Urination" title="Urination">Urination</a></div> <p>Males expel <a href="/wiki/Urine" title="Urine">urine</a> from the bladder through the urethra, which passes through the <a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">prostate</a> where it is joined by the <a href="/wiki/Ejaculatory_duct" title="Ejaculatory duct">ejaculatory ducts</a>, and then onward through the penis. At the root of the penis (the proximal end of the corpus spongiosum) lies the <a href="/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra" title="External sphincter muscle of male urethra">external sphincter muscle</a>. This is a small sphincter of <a href="/wiki/Striated_muscle_tissue" title="Striated muscle tissue">striated muscle tissue</a> and is in healthy males, under voluntary control. Relaxing the urethral sphincter allows the urine in the upper urethra to enter the penis properly and thus empty the urinary bladder. </p><p>Physiologically, urination involves coordination between the <a href="/wiki/Central_nervous_system" title="Central nervous system">central</a>, <a href="/wiki/Autonomic_nervous_system" title="Autonomic nervous system">autonomic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Somatic_nervous_system" title="Somatic nervous system">somatic nervous systems</a>. In infants, some elderly individuals, and those with neurological injury, urination may occur as an involuntary reflex. Brain centers that regulate urination include the <a href="/wiki/Pontine_micturition_center" title="Pontine micturition center">pontine micturition center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periaqueductal_gray" title="Periaqueductal gray">periaqueductal gray</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Cerebral_cortex" title="Cerebral cortex">cerebral cortex</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> During erection, these centers block the relaxation of the sphincter muscles, so as to act as a physiological separation of the excretory and reproductive function of the penis, and preventing urine from entering the upper portion of the urethra during ejaculation.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Voiding_position">Voiding position</h3></div> <p>The distal section of the urethra allows a human male to direct the stream of urine by holding the penis. This flexibility allows the male to choose the posture in which to urinate. In cultures where more than a minimum of clothing is worn, the penis allows the male to urinate while standing without removing much of the clothing. It is customary for some boys and men to urinate in seated or crouched positions. The preferred position may be influenced by cultural or religious beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research on the medical superiority of either position exists, but the data are <a href="/wiki/Homogeneity_(statistics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Homogeneity (statistics)">heterogenic</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Meta-analysis" title="Meta-analysis">meta-analysis</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> summarizing the evidence found no superior position for young, healthy males. For elderly males with <a href="/wiki/LUTS" class="mw-redirect" title="LUTS">LUTS</a>, however, the sitting position when compared to the standing position is differentiated by the following: </p> <ul><li>the post void residual volume (PVR, ml) was significantly decreased</li> <li>the maximum urinary flow (Qmax, ml/s) was increased</li> <li>the voiding time (VT, s) was decreased</li></ul> <p>This <a href="/wiki/Urodynamic_testing" title="Urodynamic testing">urodynamic</a> profile is related to a lower risk of urologic complications, such as <a href="/wiki/Cystitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Cystitis">cystitis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bladder_stones" class="mw-redirect" title="Bladder stones">bladder stones</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_stimulation_and_arousal">Sexual stimulation and arousal</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">Human sexual response cycle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></div> <p>The penis incites sexual arousal when <a href="/wiki/Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">sexually stimulated</a>, such as from mental stimuli (<a href="/wiki/Sexual_fantasy" title="Sexual fantasy">sexual fantasy</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">partnered</a> activity, or <a href="/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation">masturbation</a>, which can lead to <a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">orgasm</a>. </p><p>The glans and the frenulum are <a href="/wiki/Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">erogenous zones</a> of the penis.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The glans has many <a href="/wiki/Nerve_endings" class="mw-redirect" title="Nerve endings">nerve endings</a>, which makes it the most sensitive.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> The most effective way to stimulate the penis is through <a href="/wiki/Oral_sex" title="Oral sex">oral</a> stimulation (<a href="/wiki/Fellatio" title="Fellatio">fellatio</a>), manual stimulation (a <a href="/wiki/Handjob" title="Handjob">handjob</a> or <a href="/wiki/Masturbation#Male_masturbation" title="Masturbation">manual masturbation</a>), or during <a href="/wiki/Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">sexual penetration</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frot" title="Frot">Frot</a> is mutual penile stimulation between men. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Erection">Erection</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">Erection</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lateral_view_of_an_un-circumcised_human_penis_during_various_stages_of_erection.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Lateral_view_of_an_un-circumcised_human_penis_during_various_stages_of_erection.png/330px-Lateral_view_of_an_un-circumcised_human_penis_during_various_stages_of_erection.png" decoding="async" width="262" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Lateral_view_of_an_un-circumcised_human_penis_during_various_stages_of_erection.png/500px-Lateral_view_of_an_un-circumcised_human_penis_during_various_stages_of_erection.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Lateral_view_of_an_un-circumcised_human_penis_during_various_stages_of_erection.png/960px-Lateral_view_of_an_un-circumcised_human_penis_during_various_stages_of_erection.png 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Lateral view of an uncircumcised human penis during various stages of erection.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Erection_Development_V2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Erection_Development_V2.jpg/260px-Erection_Development_V2.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Erection_Development_V2.jpg/390px-Erection_Development_V2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Erection_Development_V2.jpg/520px-Erection_Development_V2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1408" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption>The development of a penile erection, also showing the foreskin gradually retracting over the glans. <i>See also: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Penis#Process_of_penile_erection" class="extiw" title="commons:Penis">Commons image gallery</a>.</i></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ventral_and_Dorsal_View_of_Penis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ventral_and_Dorsal_View_of_Penis.jpg/330px-Ventral_and_Dorsal_View_of_Penis.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ventral_and_Dorsal_View_of_Penis.jpg/500px-Ventral_and_Dorsal_View_of_Penis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ventral_and_Dorsal_View_of_Penis.jpg/960px-Ventral_and_Dorsal_View_of_Penis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2010" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>A ventral view of a penis flaccid (left) and erect (middle); a dorsal view of a penis erect (right)</figcaption></figure> <p>An erection is the stiffening and rising of the penis, which occurs during sexual arousal, though it can also happen in non-sexual situations. Spontaneous erections frequently occur during adolescence due to friction with clothing, a full bladder or large intestine, hormone fluctuations, nervousness, and undressing in a nonsexual situation. It is also normal for erections to occur during sleep and upon waking. (See <a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_penile_tumescence" title="Nocturnal penile tumescence">nocturnal penile tumescence</a>.) The primary physiological mechanism that brings about erection is the autonomic <a href="/wiki/Vasodilation" title="Vasodilation">dilation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Artery" title="Artery">arteries</a> supplying blood to the penis, which allows more blood to fill the three spongy erectile tissue chambers in the penis, the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum, causing it to lengthen and stiffen. After <a href="/wiki/Vasocongestion" title="Vasocongestion">vasocongestion</a>, the now-engorged erectile tissue presses against and constricts the veins that carry blood away from the penis. More blood enters than leaves the penis until an equilibrium is reached where an equal volume of blood flows into the dilated arteries and out of the constricted veins; a constant erectile size is achieved at this equilibrium. </p><p>Erection facilitates sexual intercourse though it is not essential for various other <a href="/wiki/Sexual_activities" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual activities">sexual activities</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Erection_angle">Erection angle</h5></div> <p>Although many erect penises point upwards, it is common and normal for erect penis to curve in any direction. Many penises are curved in right, left, upwards or downwards direction depending upon the tension of the <a href="/wiki/Suspensory_ligament_of_the_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Suspensory ligament of the penis">suspensory ligament</a> that holds it in position. </p><p>The following table shows how common various erection angles are for a standing male, out of a sample of 81 males aged 21 through 67. In the table, zero degrees is pointing straight up against the abdomen, 90 degrees is horizontal and pointing straight forward, while 180 degrees would be pointing straight down to the feet. An upward pointing angle is most common.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Occurrence of erection angles </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Angle (°)<br />from vertically upwards </th> <th>Percent<br />of males </th></tr> <tr> <td>0–30 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">4.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>30–60 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">29.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>60–85 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">30.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>85–95 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">9.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>95–120 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">19.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>120–180 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">4.9 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ejaculation">Ejaculation</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">Ejaculation</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Orgasm#Males" title="Orgasm">Orgasm § Males</a></div> <p>Ejaculation is the ejection of semen from the penis. It is usually accompanied by orgasm. A series of muscular contractions delivers semen, containing male <a href="/wiki/Gametes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gametes">gametes</a> known as sperm cells or <a href="/wiki/Spermatozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Spermatozoa">spermatozoa</a>, from the penis. Ejaculation usually happens as the result of sexual stimulation, but it can be due to <a href="/wiki/Prostatic_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostatic disease">prostatic disease</a> in rare cases. Ejaculation may occur spontaneously during sleep (known as a <a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">nocturnal emission</a>). <a href="/wiki/Anejaculation" title="Anejaculation">Anejaculation</a> is the condition of being unable to ejaculate. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sperm" title="Sperm">Sperm</a> are produced in the <a href="/wiki/Testicle" title="Testicle">testicles</a> and stored in the attached <a href="/wiki/Epididymis" title="Epididymis">epididymides</a>. During ejaculation, sperm are propelled up the <a href="/wiki/Vas_deferens" title="Vas deferens">vasa deferentia</a>, two ducts that pass over and behind the bladder. Fluids are added by the <a href="/wiki/Seminal_vesicles" title="Seminal vesicles">seminal vesicles</a> and the vasa deferentia turn into the <a href="/wiki/Ejaculatory_duct" title="Ejaculatory duct">ejaculatory ducts</a>, which join the urethra inside the <a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">prostate</a>. The prostate, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Bulbourethral_gland" title="Bulbourethral gland">bulbourethral glands</a>, add further secretions (including <a href="/wiki/Pre-ejaculate" title="Pre-ejaculate">pre-ejaculate</a>), and the semen is expelled through the penis. </p><p>Ejaculation has two phases: emission and ejaculation proper. The emission phase of the ejaculatory reflex is under control of the <a href="/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system" title="Sympathetic nervous system">sympathetic nervous system</a>, while the ejaculatory phase is under control of a <a href="/wiki/Spinal_reflex" class="mw-redirect" title="Spinal reflex">spinal reflex</a> at the level of the <a href="/wiki/Spinal_nerve" title="Spinal nerve">spinal nerves</a> S2–4 via the <a href="/wiki/Pudendal_nerve" title="Pudendal nerve">pudendal nerve</a>. A refractory period succeeds the ejaculation, and sexual stimulation precedes it.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ischiocavernosus_muscle" title="Ischiocavernosus muscle">ischiocavernosus muscle</a> helps to stabilize the penis during erection by compressing the crus and slowing the return of blood through the veins. The <a href="/wiki/Bulbospongiosus_muscle" title="Bulbospongiosus muscle">bulbospongiosus muscle</a> also contributes to erection along with the expulsion of urine and semen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolved_adaptations">Evolved adaptations</h2></div> <p>The human penis has been argued to have several evolutionary adaptations that maximise <a href="/wiki/Reproductive_success" title="Reproductive success">reproductive success</a> and minimise <a href="/wiki/Human_sperm_competition" title="Human sperm competition">sperm competition</a>. Sperm competition is where the sperm of two males simultaneously occupy the reproductive tract of a female and they compete to fertilise the egg.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If sperm competition results in the rival male's sperm fertilising the egg, <a href="/wiki/Cuckold" title="Cuckold">cuckoldry</a> could occur. This is the process whereby males unwittingly invest their resources into offspring of another male and, evolutionarily speaking, should be avoided.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most researched human penis adaptations are <a href="/wiki/Human_penis_size" title="Human penis size">penis size</a> and semen displacement.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penis_size">Penis size</h3></div> <p>Evolution has caused sexually selected adaptations to occur in penis size in order to maximise reproductive success and minimise sperm competition.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Sperm competition has caused the human penis to evolve in length and size for sperm retention and displacement.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To achieve this, the penis must be of sufficient length to reach any rival sperm and to maximally fill the <a href="/wiki/Vagina" title="Vagina">vagina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to ensure that the female retains the male's sperm, the adaptations in length of the human penis have occurred so that the ejaculate is placed close to the female cervix.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> This is achieved when complete <a href="/wiki/Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">penetration</a> occurs and the penis pushes against the cervix.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE, WP:MEDPRI (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> These adaptations have occurred in order to release and retain sperm to the highest point of the vaginal tract. As a result, this adaptation also leaves the sperm less vulnerable to sperm displacement and semen loss. Another reason for this adaptation is that, due to the nature of the human posture, gravity creates vulnerability for semen loss. Therefore, a long penis, which places the ejaculate deep in the vaginal tract, could reduce the loss of semen.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Another evolutionary theory of penis size is female <a href="/wiki/Mate_choice" title="Mate choice">mate choice</a> and its associations with social judgements in modern-day society.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> A study which illustrates female mate choice as an influence on penis size presented females with life-size, rotatable, computer generated males. These varied in height, body shape and flaccid penis size, with these aspects being examples of masculinity.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> Female ratings of attractiveness for each male revealed that larger penises were associated with higher attractiveness ratings.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> These relations between penis size and attractiveness have therefore led to frequently emphasized associations between masculinity and penis size in popular media.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> This has led to a social bias existing around penis size with larger penises being preferred and having higher social status. This is reflected in the association between believed sexual prowess and penis size and the social judgement of penis size in relation to 'manhood'.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source. WP:MEDDATE (November 2024)">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Semen_displacement">Semen displacement</h3></div> <p>The shape of the human penis is thought to have evolved as a result of sperm competition.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Semen displacement is an adaptation of the shape of the penis to draw foreign semen away from the cervix. This means that in the event of a rival male's sperm occupying the <a href="/wiki/Human_reproductive_system" title="Human reproductive system">reproductive tract</a> of a female, the human penis is able to displace the rival sperm, replacing it with his own.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2006_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2006-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Semen displacement has two main benefits for a male. Firstly, by displacing a rival male's sperm, the risk of the rival sperm fertilising the egg is reduced.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2003_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2003-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Secondly, the male replaces the rival's sperm with his own, thereby increasing the probability of his fertilising the egg and successfully reproducing with the female. However, males have to ensure they do not displace their own sperm. It is thought that the relatively quick loss of erection after ejaculation, penile hypersensitivity following ejaculation, and the shallower, slower thrusting of the male after ejaculation prevent this from occurring.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2006_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2006-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Corona_of_glans_penis" title="Corona of glans penis">coronal</a> ridge is the part of the human penis thought to have evolved to allow for semen displacement. Research has studied how much semen is displaced by differently shaped artificial genitals.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2003_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2003-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This research showed that, when combined with thrusting, the coronal ridge of the penis is able to remove the seminal fluid of a rival male from within the <a href="/wiki/Female_reproductive_system" title="Female reproductive system">female reproductive tract</a>. It does this by forcing the semen under the <a href="/wiki/Frenulum_of_prepuce_of_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Frenulum of prepuce of penis">frenulum</a> of the coronal ridge, causing it to collect behind the coronal ridge shaft.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2003_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2003-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When model penises without a coronal ridge were used, less than half the artificial sperm was displaced, compared to penises with a coronal ridge.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2003_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2003-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The presence of a coronal ridge alone, however, is not sufficient for effective semen displacement. It must be combined with adequate thrusting to be successful. It has been shown that the deeper the thrusting, the larger the semen displacement. No semen displacement occurs with shallow thrusting.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2003_43-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2003-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some have therefore termed thrusting as a semen displacement behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The behaviours associated with semen displacement, namely thrusting (number of thrusts and depth of thrusts), and duration of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sexual intercourse</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:7_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have been shown to vary according to whether a male perceives the risk of partner <a href="/wiki/Infidelity" title="Infidelity">infidelity</a> to be high or not. Males and females report greater semen displacement behaviours following allegations of infidelity. In particular, following allegations of infidelity, males and females report deeper and quicker thrusting during sexual intercourse.<sup id="cite_ref-Burch_2003_43-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burch_2003-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disorders">Disorders</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paraphimosis" title="Paraphimosis">Paraphimosis</a> is an inability to move the foreskin forward over the glans. It can result from fluid trapped in a foreskin left retracted, perhaps following a medical procedure, or accumulation of fluid in the foreskin because of friction during vigorous sexual activity.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Peyronie%27s_disease" title="Peyronie's disease">Peyronie's disease</a>, anomalous scar tissue grows in the soft tissue of the penis, causing curvature. Severe cases can be improved by surgical correction.</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Thrombosis" title="Thrombosis">thrombosis</a> can occur during periods of frequent and prolonged sexual activity, especially <a href="/wiki/Fellatio" title="Fellatio">fellatio</a>. It is usually harmless and self-corrects within a few weeks.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">Sexually transmitted infections</a>, for example, <a href="/wiki/Herpes_simplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpes simplex">herpes</a> virus, which can occur after sexual contact with an infected carrier; this may lead to the development of herpes sores.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balanitis" title="Balanitis">Balanitis</a> is an inflammation, either infectious or not.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pudendal_nerve_entrapment" title="Pudendal nerve entrapment">Pudendal nerve entrapment</a> is a condition characterized by pain on sitting and the loss of penile sensation and orgasm. Occasionally, there is a total loss of sensation and orgasm. The <a href="/wiki/Pudendal_nerve" title="Pudendal nerve">pudendal nerve</a> can be damaged by narrow, hard bicycle seats and accidents.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penile_fracture" title="Penile fracture">Penile fracture</a> can occur if the erect penis is bent excessively. A popping or cracking sound and pain is normally associated with this event. Emergency medical assistance should be obtained as soon as possible. Prompt medical attention lowers the likelihood of permanent penile curvature.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Diabetes" title="Diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy" title="Peripheral neuropathy">peripheral neuropathy</a> can cause tingling in the penile skin and possibly reduced or completely absent sensation. The reduced sensations can lead to injuries for either partner and their absence can make it impossible to have sexual pleasure through stimulation of the penis. Since the problems are caused by permanent nerve damage, preventive treatment through good control of the diabetes is the primary treatment. Some limited recovery may be possible through improved diabetes control.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a> is the inability to develop and maintain an erection sufficiently firm for satisfactory sexual performance. Diabetes is a leading cause, as is natural aging. A variety of treatments exist, most notably including the <a href="/wiki/PDE5_inhibitor" title="PDE5 inhibitor">phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor</a> drugs (such as <i><a href="/wiki/Sildenafil" title="Sildenafil">sildenafil</a> citrate</i>, marketed as Viagra), which work by <a href="/wiki/Vasodilation" title="Vasodilation">vasodilation</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapism" title="Priapism">Priapism</a>, a form of <a href="/wiki/Persistent_genital_arousal_disorder" title="Persistent genital arousal disorder">persistent genital arousal disorder</a>, is a painful and potentially harmful medical condition in which the erect penis does not return to its flaccid state. Priapism lasting over four hours is a medical emergency. The causative mechanisms are poorly understood but involve complex neurological and vascular factors. Potential complications include <a href="/wiki/Ischaemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ischaemia">ischaemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thrombosis" title="Thrombosis">thrombosis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Impotence" class="mw-redirect" title="Impotence">impotence</a>. In serious cases the condition may result in <a href="/wiki/Gangrene" title="Gangrene">gangrene</a>, which may result in <a href="/wiki/Amputation" title="Amputation">amputation</a>. However, that is usually only the case if the organ is broke out and injured because of it. The condition has been associated with a variety of drugs including <a href="/wiki/Prostaglandin" title="Prostaglandin">prostaglandin</a>. Contrary to common knowledge, <a href="/wiki/Sildenafil" title="Sildenafil">sildenafil</a> (Viagra) will not cause it.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymphangiosclerosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymphangiosclerosis">Lymphangiosclerosis</a> is a hardened <a href="/wiki/Lymphatic_vessel" title="Lymphatic vessel">lymph vessel</a>, although it can feel like a hardened, almost calcified or fibrous, vein. It tends not to share the common blue tint with a vein however. It can be felt as a hardened lump or "vein" even when the penis is flaccid, and is even more prominent during an erection. It is considered a <a href="/wiki/Benignity" class="mw-redirect" title="Benignity">benign</a> physical condition. It is fairly common and can follow a particularly vigorous sexual activity for men, and tends to go away if given rest and more gentle care, for example by use of lubricants.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcinoma_of_the_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Carcinoma of the penis">Carcinoma of the penis</a> is rare with a reported rate of 1 person in 100,000 in developed countries. Some sources state that circumcision can protect against this disease, but this notion remains controversial among medical circles.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_flaccid_syndrome" title="Hard flaccid syndrome">Hard flaccid syndrome</a> is a rare, chronic condition characterized by a flaccid penis that remains in a firm, semi-rigid state in the absence of sexual arousal.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_glans_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold glans syndrome">Cold glans syndrome</a> is a condition marked by the persistent inability of the glans penis to maintain an erect state during sexual arousal, potentially leading to reduced sensitivity and erection difficulties.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Developmental_disorders">Developmental disorders</h4></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypospadias" title="Hypospadias">Hypospadias</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Developmental_disorder" title="Developmental disorder">developmental disorder</a> where the meatus is positioned wrongly at birth. Hypospadias can also occur <a href="/wiki/Iatrogenesis" title="Iatrogenesis">iatrogenically</a> by the downward pressure of an indwelling urethral catheter.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is usually corrected by surgery.</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Micropenis" title="Micropenis">micropenis</a> is a very small penis caused by developmental or congenital problems.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphallia" title="Diphallia">Diphallia</a>, or penile duplication (PD), is the rare condition of having two penises.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alleged_and_observed_psychological_disorders">Alleged and observed psychological disorders</h4></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penis_panic" class="mw-redirect" title="Penis panic">Penis panic</a> (<i>koro</i> in <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malaysian</a>/<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>) — delusion of shrinkage of the penis and retraction into the body. This appears to be culturally conditioned and largely limited to Ghana, Sudan, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, and West Africa.</li> <li>In April 2008, <a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>, Democratic Republic of Congo, the West African police arrested 14 suspected victims (of penis snatching) and sorcerers accused of using black magic or witchcraft to steal (make disappear) or shrink men's penises to extort cash for cure, amid a wave of panic. Arrests were made in an effort to avoid bloodshed seen in Ghana a decade before, when 12 penis snatchers were beaten to death by mobs.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penis_envy" title="Penis envy">Penis envy</a> — the contested <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freudian</a> belief of all women inherently envying men for having penises.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Float_Kanamara_Festival_2007.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Elizabeth_Float_Kanamara_Festival_2007.JPG/250px-Elizabeth_Float_Kanamara_Festival_2007.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Elizabeth_Float_Kanamara_Festival_2007.JPG/330px-Elizabeth_Float_Kanamara_Festival_2007.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Elizabeth_Float_Kanamara_Festival_2007.JPG/500px-Elizabeth_Float_Kanamara_Festival_2007.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kanamara_Matsuri" title="Kanamara Matsuri">Kanamara Matsuri</a> festival in Japan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_Genital_Piercing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Male_Genital_Piercing.jpg/220px-Male_Genital_Piercing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Male_Genital_Piercing.jpg/330px-Male_Genital_Piercing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Male_Genital_Piercing.jpg/440px-Male_Genital_Piercing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4029" data-file-height="2687" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_(genital_piercing)" title="Prince Albert (genital piercing)">Prince Albert</a> piercing wearing captive bead ring jewelry</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dani_Mann_Baliem-Tal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Dani_Mann_Baliem-Tal.jpg/250px-Dani_Mann_Baliem-Tal.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Dani_Mann_Baliem-Tal.jpg/330px-Dani_Mann_Baliem-Tal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Dani_Mann_Baliem-Tal.jpg/500px-Dani_Mann_Baliem-Tal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Papuan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Papuan people">Papuan</a> man wearing traditional <a href="/wiki/Koteka" title="Koteka">penis sheath</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terminology">Terminology</h3></div> <p>In many cultures, referring to the penis is considered taboo or vulgar, and a variety of slang words and euphemisms are used to talk about it. In English, these include <i>member</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dick_(slang)" title="Dick (slang)">dick</a></i>, <i>cock</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Prick_(slang)" title="Prick (slang)">prick</a></i>, <i>johnson</i>, <i>dork</i>, <i>peter</i>, <i>pecker</i>, <i>manhood</i>, <i>stick</i>, <i>rod</i>, <i>third/middle leg</i>, <i>dong</i>, <i>willy</i>, <i>schlong</i>, and <i>todger</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these are used as <a href="/wiki/Insult" title="Insult">insults</a>—though sometimes playfully—meaning an unpleasant or unworthy person.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among these, historically, the most commonly used euphemism for penis in English literature and society was <i>member</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alteration">Alteration</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Genital_modification_and_mutilation" title="Genital modification and mutilation">Genital modification and mutilation</a></div> <p>The penis is sometimes pierced or decorated by other body art. Other than circumcision, genital alterations are almost universally elective and usually for the purpose of aesthetics or increased sensitivity. Piercings of the penis include the <a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_(genital_piercing)" title="Prince Albert (genital piercing)">Prince Albert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apadravya" title="Apadravya">apadravya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ampallang" title="Ampallang">ampallang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dydoe" title="Dydoe">dydoe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deep_shaft_piercing" title="Deep shaft piercing">deep shaft</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frenum_piercing" title="Frenum piercing">frenum piercings</a>. <a href="/wiki/Foreskin_restoration" title="Foreskin restoration">Foreskin restoration</a> or stretching is a further form of body modification, as well as <a href="/wiki/Implant_(body_modification)" title="Implant (body modification)">implants</a> under the shaft of the penis. Another type of alteration to the penis is <a href="/wiki/Genital_tattooing" title="Genital tattooing">genital tattooing</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Trans_women" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans women">Trans women</a> who undergo <a href="/wiki/Sex_reassignment_surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex reassignment surgery">sex reassignment surgery</a> have their penis surgically modified into a vagina or clitoris via <a href="/wiki/Vaginoplasty" title="Vaginoplasty">vaginoplasty</a> or clitoroplasty respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-Koch_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koch-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trans_men" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans men">Trans men</a> who undergo such surgery have a <a href="/wiki/Phalloplasty" title="Phalloplasty">phalloplasty</a> or <a href="/wiki/Metoidioplasty" title="Metoidioplasty">metoidioplasty</a>. </p><p>Other practices that alter the penis are also performed, although they are rare in Western societies without a diagnosed medical condition. Apart from <a href="/wiki/Penectomy" title="Penectomy">penectomy</a>, perhaps the most radical of these is <a href="/wiki/Subincision" class="mw-redirect" title="Subincision">subincision</a>, in which the urethra is split along the underside of the penis. Subincision originated among <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Australian Aborigines</a>, although it is now done by some in the U.S. and Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Circumcision">Circumcision</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Circumcision" title="Circumcision">Circumcision</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Circumcised_penis_labelled.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Circumcised_penis_labelled.jpg/220px-Circumcised_penis_labelled.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Circumcised_penis_labelled.jpg/330px-Circumcised_penis_labelled.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Circumcised_penis_labelled.jpg/440px-Circumcised_penis_labelled.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="1220" /></a><figcaption>A labelled dorsal view of a circumcised penis: (1) <a href="/wiki/Body_of_penis" title="Body of penis">shaft</a>; (2) circumcision scar; (3) <a href="/wiki/Corona_of_glans_penis" title="Corona of glans penis">corona</a>; (4) <a href="/wiki/Glans_penis" title="Glans penis">glans</a>; and (5) <a href="/wiki/External_urethral_orifice_(male)" class="mw-redirect" title="External urethral orifice (male)">meatus</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The most common form of body modification related to the penis is <a href="/wiki/Circumcision" title="Circumcision">circumcision</a>: removal of part or all of the foreskin. It is most commonly performed as an <a href="/wiki/Elective_surgery" title="Elective surgery">elective procedure</a> for <a href="/wiki/Preventive_healthcare" title="Preventive healthcare">prophylactic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Views_on_circumcision" title="Views on circumcision">cultural</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Religious_circumcision" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious circumcision">religious</a> reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-:73_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:73-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For infant circumcision, modern devices such as the <a href="/wiki/Gomco_clamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Gomco clamp">Gomco clamp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plastibell" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastibell">Plastibell</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mogen_clamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mogen clamp">Mogen clamp</a> are available.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_circumcision" title="Ethics of circumcision">ethics of circumcision</a> in children is a source of <a href="/wiki/Circumcision_controversies" title="Circumcision controversies">controversy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RACPSumm_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RACPSumm-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BMAGuide_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMAGuide-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the world's major medical organizations, there is a consensus that circumcision reduces heterosexual HIV infection rates in high-risk populations during penile-vaginal sex.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO-C&R_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO-C&R-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CDC-2008_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC-2008-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:102_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:102-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:23_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:23-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are differing perspectives on the prophylactic efficacy and <a href="/wiki/Cost-effectiveness_analysis" title="Cost-effectiveness analysis">cost effectiveness</a> of circumcision in <a href="/wiki/Developed_country" title="Developed country">developed nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:73_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:73-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Views_on_circumcision" title="Views on circumcision">Circumcision plays a significant role</a> in many of the world's cultures.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When performed for religious reasons, it is most common among both <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a>, among whom it is near-universal.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Potential_regeneration">Potential regeneration</h2></div> <p>There are efforts by scientists to <a href="/wiki/Genital_regeneration" title="Genital regeneration">partially or fully regenerate the structures of the human penis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Patients who can benefit most from this field are those who have congenital defects, cancer, and injuries that have excised parts of their <a href="/wiki/Genitalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Genitalia">genitalia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:11_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some organizations which perform research into, or conduct regeneration procedures, include the <a href="/wiki/Wake_Forest_Institute_for_Regenerative_Medicine" title="Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine">Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:11_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first successful penis <a href="/wiki/Allotransplantation" title="Allotransplantation">allotransplant</a> surgery was done in September 2005 in a military hospital in <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>, China.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A man at 44 sustained an injury after an accident and his penis was severed; <a href="/wiki/Urination" title="Urination">urination</a> became difficult as his urethra was partly blocked. A recently brain-dead man, aged 23, was selected for the transplant. Despite <a href="/wiki/Atrophy" title="Atrophy">atrophy</a> of blood vessels and nerves, the <a href="/wiki/Arteries" class="mw-redirect" title="Arteries">arteries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veins" class="mw-redirect" title="Veins">veins</a>, nerves and the corpora spongiosa were successfully matched. But, on 19 September (after two weeks), the surgery was reversed because of a severe <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychological</a> problem (rejection) by the recipient and his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, researchers Chen, Eberli, Yoo and Atala have produced <a href="/wiki/Biological_engineering" title="Biological engineering">bioengineered</a> penises and implanted them on rabbits.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were able to obtain <a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">erection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Copulation_(zoology)" title="Copulation (zoology)">copulate</a>, with 10 of 12 rabbits achieving <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">ejaculation</a>. This study shows that in the future it could be possible to produce artificial penises for replacement surgeries or <a href="/wiki/Phalloplasty" title="Phalloplasty">phalloplasties</a>. In 2015, the world's first successful penis transplant took place in <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, South Africa in a nine-hour operation performed by surgeons from <a href="/wiki/Stellenbosch_University" title="Stellenbosch University">Stellenbosch University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tygerberg_Hospital" title="Tygerberg Hospital">Tygerberg Hospital</a>. The 21-year-old recipient, who had been sexually active, had lost his penis in a botched circumcision at 18.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buried_penis" title="Buried penis">Buried penis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castration_anxiety" title="Castration anxiety">Castration anxiety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_joke" title="Dick joke">Dick joke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dildo" title="Dildo">Dildo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genital_ulcer" title="Genital ulcer">Genital ulcer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotch#In_clothing" title="Crotch">Crotch</a> (in clothing) – a pouch-shaped area built to accommodate a penis and scrotum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penile_enlargement" class="mw-redirect" title="Penile enlargement">Penile enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penis_removal" title="Penis removal">Penis removal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phallic_architecture" title="Phallic architecture">Phallic architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phallus" title="Phallus">Phallus</a> – an object or image that resembles a penis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preputioplasty" title="Preputioplasty">Preputioplasty</a> – an operation performed to facilitate retraction of the foreskin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_cock" title="Stunt cock">Stunt cock</a> – a substitute penis used for filmmaking</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulva" title="Vulva">Vulva</a> – the external, visible structures of the human female genitalia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780323313483" title="Special:BookSources/9780323313483">9780323313483</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pmKGBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA267">pp 267-69</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JonesLopez2013p352-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JonesLopez2013p352_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJonesLopez2013" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Richard E.; Lopez, Kristin H. (28 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M4kEdSnS-pkC&pg=352"><i>Human Reproductive Biology</i></a>. Academic Press. p. 352. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-382185-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-382185-0"><bdi>978-0-12-382185-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Human+Reproductive+Biology&rft.pages=352&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2013-09-28&rft.isbn=978-0-12-382185-0&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Richard+E.&rft.au=Lopez%2C+Kristin+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM4kEdSnS-pkC%26pg%3D352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMartinFanaroffWalsh2014" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Richard J.; Fanaroff, Avory A.; Walsh, Michele C. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AnVYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1522"><i>Fanaroff and Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine E-Book: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant</i></a>. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1522. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-32329-537-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-32329-537-6"><bdi>978-0-32329-537-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231124133320/https://books.google.com/books?id=AnVYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1522&dq=">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fanaroff+and+Martin%27s+Neonatal-Perinatal+Medicine+E-Book%3A+Diseases+of+the+Fetus+and+Infant&rft.pages=1522&rft.pub=Elsevier+Health+Sciences&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-32329-537-6&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rft.au=Fanaroff%2C+Avory+A.&rft.au=Walsh%2C+Michele+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAnVYBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA1522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKulkarni2015" class="citation book cs1">Kulkarni, Neeta V (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vrlEDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA653"><i>Clinical Anatomy: A Problem Solving Approach</i></a>. 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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>9</b> (7): e101320. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014PLoSO...9j1320D">2014PLoSO...9j1320D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0101320">10.1371/journal.pone.0101320</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4106761">4106761</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25051345">25051345</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Urinating+Standing+versus+Sitting%3A+Position+Is+of+Influence+in+Men+with+Prostate+Enlargement.+A+Systematic+Review+and+Meta-Analysis.&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=e101320&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4106761%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25051345&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0101320&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014PLoSO...9j1320D&rft.aulast=de+Jong&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.au=Pinckaers%2C+JH&rft.au=Ten+Brinck%2C+RM&rft.au=Lycklama+%C3%80+Nijeholt%2C+AA&rft.au=Dekkers%2C+OM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4106761&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrooksBaur2008" class="citation book cs1">Crooks, Robert; Baur, Karla (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BoTZEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA57"><i>Our Sexuality</i></a>. 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Rutgers University Press. p. 89. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-81359-839-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-81359-839-0"><bdi>978-0-81359-839-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=It+Never+Goes+Away%3A+Gender+Transition+at+a+Mature+Age&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0-81359-839-0&rft.aulast=Koch&rft.aufirst=Anne+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBXCCEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:73-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:73_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:73_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlan_GlasperRichardsonRandall2021" class="citation book cs1">Alan Glasper, Edward; Richardson, James; Randall, Duncan (2021). "Promote, Restore, and Stabilise Health Status in Children". <i>A Textbook of Children's and Young People's Nursing</i>. <a href="/wiki/Elsevier_Health_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Elsevier Health Sciences">Elsevier Health Sciences</a>. p. 382. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780702065033" title="Special:BookSources/9780702065033"><bdi>9780702065033</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Promote%2C+Restore%2C+and+Stabilise+Health+Status+in+Children&rft.btitle=A+Textbook+of+Children%27s+and+Young+People%27s+Nursing&rft.pages=382&rft.pub=Elsevier+Health+Sciences&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780702065033&rft.aulast=Alan+Glasper&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.au=Richardson%2C+James&rft.au=Randall%2C+Duncan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHolmanLewisRingler1995" class="citation journal cs1">Holman JR, Lewis EL, Ringler RL (August 1995). "Neonatal circumcision techniques". <i>American Family Physician</i>. <b>52</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">511–</span>520. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7625325">7625325</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Family+Physician&rft.atitle=Neonatal+circumcision+techniques&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E511-%3C%2Fspan%3E520&rft.date=1995-08&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7625325&rft.aulast=Holman&rft.aufirst=JR&rft.au=Lewis%2C+EL&rft.au=Ringler%2C+RL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RACPSumm-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RACPSumm_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080720092409/http://www.racp.edu.au/download.cfm?DownloadFile=A453CFA1-2A57-5487-DF36DF59A1BAF527">"Policy Statement On Circumcision"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australasian_College_of_Physicians" title="Royal Australasian College of Physicians">Royal Australasian College of Physicians</a>. September 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.racp.edu.au/download.cfm?DownloadFile=A453CFA1-2A57-5487-DF36DF59A1BAF527">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2008-07-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-02-28</span></span>. <q>The Paediatrics and Child Health Division, The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australasian_College_of_Physicians" title="Royal Australasian College of Physicians">Royal Australasian College of Physicians</a> (RACP) has prepared this statement on routine circumcision of infants and boys to assist parents who are considering having this procedure undertaken on their male children and for doctors who are asked to advise on or undertake it. After extensive review of the literature the RACP reaffirms that <b>there is no medical indication for routine neonatal circumcision.</b> Circumcision of males has been undertaken for religious and cultural reasons for many thousands of years. It remains an important ritual in some religious and cultural groups.…In recent years there has been evidence of possible health benefits from routine male circumcision. The most important conditions where some benefit may result from circumcision are urinary tract infections, HIV and later cancer of the penis.…The complication rate of neonatal circumcision is reported to be around 1% and includes tenderness, bleeding and unhappy results to the appearance of the penis. Serious complications such as bleeding, septicaemia and may occasionally cause death (1 in 550,000). The possibility that routine circumcision may contravene human rights has been raised because circumcision is performed on a minor and is without proven medical benefit. Whether these legal concerns are valid will be known only if the matter is determined in a court of law. If the operation is to be performed, the medical attendant should ensure this is done by a competent operator, using appropriate anaesthesia and in a safe child-friendly environment. In all cases where parents request a circumcision for their child the medical attendant is obliged to provide accurate information on the risks and benefits of the procedure. Up-to-date, unbiased written material summarizing the evidence should be widely available to parents. Review of the literature in relation to risks and benefits shows there is no evidence of benefit outweighing harm for circumcision as a routine procedure in the neonate.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Policy+Statement+On+Circumcision&rft.pub=Royal+Australasian+College+of+Physicians&rft.date=2004-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.racp.edu.au%2Fdownload.cfm%3FDownloadFile%3DA453CFA1-2A57-5487-DF36DF59A1BAF527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BMAGuide-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BMAGuide_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMedical_Ethics_Committee2006" class="citation web cs1">Medical Ethics Committee (June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071112055050/http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/malecircumcision2006?OpenDocument&Highlight=2,circumcision">"The law and ethics of male circumcision - guidance for doctors"</a>. <a href="/wiki/British_Medical_Association" title="British Medical Association">British Medical Association</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/malecircumcision2006?OpenDocument&Highlight=2,circumcision">the original</a> on 2007-11-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+law+and+ethics+of+male+circumcision+-+guidance+for+doctors&rft.pub=British+Medical+Association&rft.date=2006-06&rft.au=Medical+Ethics+Committee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bma.org.uk%2Fap.nsf%2FContent%2Fmalecircumcision2006%3FOpenDocument%26Highlight%3D2%2Ccircumcision&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WHO-C&R-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WHO-C&R_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/hiv/mediacentre/MCrecommendations_en.pdf">New Data on Male Circumcision and HIV Prevention: Policy and Programme Implications</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>. March 28, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200302152109/http://www.who.int/hiv/mediacentre/MCrecommendations_en.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2020-03-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-08-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=New+Data+on+Male+Circumcision+and+HIV+Prevention%3A+Policy+and+Programme+Implications&rft.pub=World+Health+Organization&rft.date=2007-03-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fhiv%2Fmediacentre%2FMCrecommendations_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDC-2008-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CDC-2008_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/13545">"Male Circumcision and Risk for HIV Transmission and Other Health Conditions: Implications for the United States"</a>. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170220012538/https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/13545">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-02-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Male+Circumcision+and+Risk+for+HIV+Transmission+and+Other+Health+Conditions%3A+Implications+for+the+United+States&rft.pub=Centers+for+Disease+Control+and+Prevention&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstacks.cdc.gov%2Fview%2Fcdc%2F13545&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:102-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:102_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChikutsaMaharaj2015" class="citation journal cs1">Chikutsa, Antony; Maharaj, Pranitha (July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4489047">"Social representations of male circumcision as prophylaxis against HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe"</a>. <i>BMC Public Health</i>. <b>15</b> (1): 603. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12889-015-1967-z">10.1186/s12889-015-1967-z</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1471-2458">1471-2458</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4489047">4489047</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26133368">26133368</a>. <q>It is now generally accepted in public health spheres that medical male circumcision is efficacious in the prevention of HIV infection.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Social+representations+of+male+circumcision+as+prophylaxis+against+HIV%2FAIDS+in+Zimbabwe&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=603&rft.date=2015-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4489047%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1471-2458&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26133368&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs12889-015-1967-z&rft.aulast=Chikutsa&rft.aufirst=Antony&rft.au=Maharaj%2C+Pranitha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4489047&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:23-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:23_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMersonInrig2017" class="citation book cs1">Merson, Michael; Inrig, Stephen (2017). <i>The AIDS Pandemic: Searching for a Global Response</i>. <a href="/wiki/Springer_Publishing" title="Springer Publishing">Springer Publishing</a>. p. 379. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319471334" title="Special:BookSources/9783319471334"><bdi>9783319471334</bdi></a>. <q>This led to a [medical] consensus that male circumcision should be a priority for HIV prevention in countries and regions with heterosexual epidemics and high HIV and low male circumcision prevalence.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+AIDS+Pandemic%3A+Searching+for+a+Global+Response&rft.pages=379&rft.pub=Springer+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9783319471334&rft.aulast=Merson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Inrig%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBenson2008" class="citation book cs1">Benson, Janette (2008). <i>Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development: A-F</i>. <a href="/wiki/Academic_Press" title="Academic Press">Academic Press</a>. p. 279. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780123704610" title="Special:BookSources/9780123704610"><bdi>9780123704610</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Infant+and+Early+Childhood+Development%3A+A-F&rft.pages=279&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780123704610&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=Janette&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUbayd2006" class="citation book cs1">Ubayd, Anis (2006). <i>The Druze and Their Faith in Tawhid</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Man+rejects+first+penis+transplant&rft.date=2006-09-18&rft.aulast=Sample&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2006%2Fsep%2F18%2Fmedicineandhealth.china&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChenEberliYooAtala2009" class="citation journal cs1">Chen KL, Eberli D, Yoo JJ, Atala A (November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2840474">"Regenerative Medicine Special Feature: Bioengineered corporal tissue for structural and functional restoration of the penis"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. <b>107</b> (8): <span class="nowrap">3346–</span>50. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PNAS..107.3346C">2010PNAS..107.3346C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0909367106">10.1073/pnas.0909367106</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2840474">2840474</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19915140">19915140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Regenerative+Medicine+Special+Feature%3A+Bioengineered+corporal+tissue+for+structural+and+functional+restoration+of+the+penis&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E3346-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.date=2009-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2840474%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19915140&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.0909367106&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010PNAS..107.3346C&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=KL&rft.au=Eberli%2C+D&rft.au=Yoo%2C+JJ&rft.au=Atala%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2840474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+penis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGallagher2015" class="citation news cs1">Gallagher, James (13 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/health-31876219">"South Africans perform first 'successful' penis transplant"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190317173847/https://www.bbc.com/news/health-31876219">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Human_body" title="Human body">Human systems</a> and <a href="/wiki/Organ_(biology)" title="Organ (biology)">organs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_musculoskeletal_system" title="Human musculoskeletal system">Musculoskeletal system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_skeleton" title="Human skeleton">Skeletal system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bone" title="Bone">Bone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carpal_bones" title="Carpal bones">Carpus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clavicle" title="Clavicle">Collar bone</a> (clavicle)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Femur" title="Femur">Thigh bone</a> (femur)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibula" title="Fibula">Fibula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humerus" title="Humerus">Humerus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandible" title="Mandible">Mandible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacarpal_bones" title="Metacarpal bones">Metacarpus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metatarsal_bones" title="Metatarsal bones">Metatarsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossicles" title="Ossicles">Ossicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patella" title="Patella">Patella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phalanx_bone" title="Phalanx bone">Phalanges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radius_(bone)" title="Radius (bone)">Radius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skull#Humans" title="Skull">Skull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_(skeleton)" title="Tarsus (skeleton)">Tarsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibia" title="Tibia">Tibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulna" title="Ulna">Ulna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rib" title="Rib">Rib</a></li> <li><a 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muscle" title="Muscle">Muscle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tendon" title="Tendon">Tendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm" title="Thoracic diaphragm">Diaphragm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Circulatory_system" title="Circulatory system">Circulatory system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Circulatory_system" title="Circulatory system">Cardiovascular system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>peripheral</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artery" title="Artery">Artery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vein" title="Vein">Vein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymphatic_vessel" title="Lymphatic vessel">Lymphatic vessel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart" title="Heart">Heart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lymphatic_system" title="Lymphatic system">Lymphatic system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>primary</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bone_marrow" title="Bone marrow">Bone marrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymus" title="Thymus">Thymus</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>secondary</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spleen" title="Spleen">Spleen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymph_node" title="Lymph node">Lymph node</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>CNS equivalent</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glymphatic_system" title="Glymphatic system">Glymphatic system</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nervous_system" title="Nervous system">Nervous system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_brain" title="Human brain">Brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinal_cord" title="Spinal cord">Spinal cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerve" title="Nerve">Nerve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensory_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Sensory system">Sensory system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ear" title="Ear">Ear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_eye" title="Human eye">Eye</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somatic_nervous_system" title="Somatic nervous system">Somatic system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nervous_tissue" title="Nervous tissue">Tissue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Integumentary_system" title="Integumentary system">Integumentary system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_skin" title="Human skin">Skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcutaneous_tissue" title="Subcutaneous tissue">Subcutaneous tissue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breast" title="Breast">Breast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mammary_gland" title="Mammary gland">Mammary gland</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Haematopoietic_system" title="Haematopoietic system">Haematopoietic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">immune systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myeloid" class="mw-redirect" title="Myeloid">Myeloid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">Myeloid immune system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymphocyte" title="Lymphocyte">Lymphoid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">Lymphoid immune system</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_system" title="Respiratory system">Respiratory system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_tract#Upper_respiratory_tract" title="Respiratory tract">Upper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_nose" title="Human nose">Nose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharynx#Nasopharynx" title="Pharynx">Nasopharynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larynx" title="Larynx">Larynx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_tract#Lower_respiratory_tract" title="Respiratory tract">Lower</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trachea" title="Trachea">Trachea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronchus" title="Bronchus">Bronchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lung" title="Lung">Lung</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_digestive_system" title="Human digestive system">Digestive system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_mouth" title="Human mouth">Mouth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland" title="Salivary gland">Salivary gland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongue" title="Tongue">Tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lip" title="Lip">Lip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_tooth" title="Human tooth">Tooth</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>upper GI</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pharynx" title="Pharynx">Oropharynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharynx" title="Pharynx">Laryngopharynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esophagus" title="Esophagus">Esophagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stomach" title="Stomach">Stomach</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>lower GI</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_intestine" title="Small intestine">Small intestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appendix_(anatomy)" title="Appendix (anatomy)">Appendix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_intestine#Structure" title="Large intestine">Colon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectum" title="Rectum">Rectum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_anus" title="Human anus">Anus</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Human_digestive_system" title="Human digestive system">accessory</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liver" title="Liver">Liver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biliary_tract" title="Biliary tract">Biliary tract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancreas" title="Pancreas">Pancreas</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urinary_system" title="Urinary system">Urinary system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genitourinary_system" title="Genitourinary system">Genitourinary system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidney" title="Kidney">Kidney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ureter" title="Ureter">Ureter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_bladder" class="mw-redirect" title="Urinary bladder">Bladder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethra" title="Urethra">Urethra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_reproductive_system" title="Human reproductive system">Reproductive system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Male_reproductive_system" title="Male reproductive system">Male</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">Scrotum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Penis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">Prostate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicle" title="Testicle">Testicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminal_vesicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Seminal vesicle">Seminal vesicle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_reproductive_system" title="Female reproductive system">Female</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uterus" title="Uterus">Uterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagina" title="Vagina">Vagina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulva" title="Vulva">Vulva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovary" title="Ovary">Ovary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placenta" title="Placenta">Placenta</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Endocrine_system" title="Endocrine system">Endocrine system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pituitary_gland" title="Pituitary gland">Pituitary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pineal_gland" title="Pineal gland">Pineal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyroid" title="Thyroid">Thyroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parathyroid_gland" title="Parathyroid gland">Parathyroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrenal_gland" title="Adrenal gland">Adrenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancreatic_islets" title="Pancreatic islets">Islets of Langerhans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outline_of_human_sexuality686" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sex" title="Template:Sex"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sex" title="Template talk:Sex"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sex" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sex"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outline_of_human_sexuality686" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_human_sexuality" title="Outline of human sexuality">Outline</a> of <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">human sexuality</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Physiology" title="Physiology">Physiology</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clitoral_erection" title="Clitoral erection">Clitoral erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">Erogenous zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insemination" title="Insemination">Insemination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex" title="Intersex">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libido" title="Libido">Libido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">Nocturnal emission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">Orgasm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">male ejaculation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvic_thrust" title="Pelvic thrust">Pelvic thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">Penile erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-ejaculate" title="Pre-ejaculate">Pre-ejaculate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">Sexual response cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">Sexual stimulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">Vaginal lubrication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health" title="Sexual and reproductive health">Health</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condom" title="Condom">Condom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_contraceptive" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masters_and_Johnson" title="Masters and Johnson">Masters and Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_and_sexuality" title="Obesity and sexuality">Obesity and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_medicine" title="Reproductive medicine">Reproductive medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecology" title="Gynaecology">Gynaecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urology" title="Urology">Urology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_sex" title="Safe sex">Safe sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">Sex education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_therapy" title="Sex therapy">Sex therapy</a> (<a href="/wiki/PLISSIT_model" title="PLISSIT model">PLISSIT model</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexology" title="Sexology">Sexology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction">Sexual dysfunction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder" title="Hypoactive sexual desire disorder">Hyposexuality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_medicine" title="Sexual medicine">Sexual medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">Sexually transmitted infection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Identity_(social_science)" title="Identity (social science)">Identity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_diversity" title="Sexual diversity">diversity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_binary" title="Gender binary">Gender binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">Gender identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_who_have_sex_with_men" title="Men who have sex with men">Men who have sex with men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_identity" title="Sexual identity">Sexual identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_who_have_sex_with_women" title="Women who have sex with women">Women who have sex with women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_law" title="Sex and the law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_transmission_of_HIV" title="Criminal transmission of HIV">Criminal transmission of HIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">Child sexual abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indecent_exposure" title="Indecent exposure">Indecent exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">Obscenity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">Sexual abuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex_trafficking" title="Cybersex trafficking">Cybersex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">Sexual assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Sexual harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_misconduct" title="Sexual misconduct">Sexual misconduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">Sexual slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence" title="Sexual violence">Sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenge_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenge pornography">Revenge pornography</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_human_sexuality" title="History of human sexuality">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Movie" title="Blue Movie">Blue Movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_sex_wars" title="Feminist sex wars">Feminist sex wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Porn" title="Golden Age of Porn">Golden Age of Porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_erotic_depictions" title="History of erotic depictions">History of erotic depictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intimate_relationship" title="Intimate relationship">Relationships</a><br /> and <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_issues_related_to_love_and_sex" title="Anarchism and issues related to love and sex">Anarchism and love/sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extramarital_sex" title="Extramarital sex">Extramarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">Family planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesty" title="Modesty">Modesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm_gap" title="Orgasm gap">Orgasm gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premarital_sex" title="Premarital sex">Premarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">Sexual objectification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slang" title="Sexual slang">Sexual slang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sexuality_by_country" title="Category:Sexuality by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome" title="Sexuality in ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_China" title="Sexuality in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_India" title="Sexuality in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Japan" title="Sexuality in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_Philippines" title="Sexuality in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_South_Korea" title="Sexuality in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Sexual activities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_sex" title="Conventional sex">Conventional sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anal_sex" title="Anal sex">Anal sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareback_(sexual_act)" title="Bareback (sexual act)">Bareback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexuality" title="Child sexuality">Child sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creampie_(sexual_act)" title="Creampie (sexual act)">Creampie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edging_(sexual_practice)" title="Edging (sexual practice)">Edging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_sexual_denial" title="Erotic sexual denial">Erotic sexual denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facial_(sexual_act)" title="Facial (sexual act)">Facial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisting" title="Fisting">Fisting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot_fetishism" title="Foot fetishism">Foot fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footjob" title="Footjob">Footjob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_orgasm" title="Forced orgasm">Forced orgasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frot" title="Frot">Frot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_bang" title="Gang bang">Gang bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_sex" title="Group sex">Group sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammary_intercourse" title="Mammary intercourse">Mammary intercourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex#Manual_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Manual sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)#Anus" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Anal fingering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Fingering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handjob" title="Handjob">Handjob</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation">Masturbation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanics_of_human_sexuality" title="Mechanics of human sexuality">Mechanics of sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipple_stimulation" title="Nipple stimulation">Nipple stimulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Non-penetrative sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_sex" title="Oral sex">Oral sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/69_(sex_position)" title="69 (sex position)">69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anilingus" title="Anilingus">Anilingus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunnilingus" title="Cunnilingus">Cunnilingus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellatio" title="Fellatio">Fellatio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrumatio" title="Irrumatio">Irrumatio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraphilia" title="Paraphilia">Paraphilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompoir" title="Pompoir">Pompoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickie_(sex)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quickie (sex)">Quickie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexercise" title="Sexercise">Sexercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_space" title="Sex in space">Sex in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_position" title="Sex position">Sex positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fantasy" title="Sexual fantasy">Sexual fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Sexual fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">Sexual intercourse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreplay" title="Foreplay">Foreplay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">Sexual penetration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumata" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumata">Sumata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribadism" title="Tribadism">Tribadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_intercourse" title="Urethral intercourse">Urethral intercourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urolagnia" title="Urolagnia">Urolagnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_sex" title="Virtual sex">Virtual sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex" title="Cybersex">Cybersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_talk" title="Erotic talk">Erotic talk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet_T-shirt_contest" title="Wet T-shirt contest">Wet T-shirt contest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">Sex industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_nudity_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex and nudity in video games">Adult video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotica" title="Erotica">Erotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film_actor" title="Pornographic film actor">Film actor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">Prostitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">Red-light district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sex_museums" title="List of sex museums">Sex museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_shop" title="Sex shop">Sex shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_sex_tourism" title="Child sex tourism">Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_sex_tourism" title="Female sex tourism">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">Sex worker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_toy" title="Sex toy">Sex toy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_doll" title="Sex doll">Doll</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strip_club" title="Strip club">Strip club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webcam_model" title="Webcam model">Webcam model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_sexuality" title="Religion and sexuality">Religion and<br />sexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_sexuality" title="Buddhism and sexuality">Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_sexuality" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism and sexuality">Hinduism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tantric_sex" title="Tantric sex">Tantric sex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_sexual_orientation" title="Christianity and sexual orientation">Christianity and sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Christian_demonology" title="Sexuality in Christian demonology">Christian demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_celibacy" title="Clerical celibacy">Clerical celibacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_monasticism" title="Buddhist monasticism">Buddhist monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Clerical celibacy in the Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Hindu monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_monasticism" title="Jain monasticism">Jain monasticism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoist_sexual_practices" title="Taoist sexual practices">Daoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_sexual_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic sexual jurisprudence">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_sexuality" title="Judaism and sexuality">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_LGBTQ_people" title="Religion and LGBTQ people">LGBTQ people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ-affirming_religious_groups" title="LGBTQ-affirming religious groups">LGBTQ-affirming religions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_and_Mormonism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexuality and Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred prostitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution_in_ancient_Greece" title="Sacred prostitution in ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bisexuality_symbol_(bold,_color).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/17px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/26px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/34px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="25" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Human_sexuality" title="Portal:Human sexuality">Human sexuality portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Male_reproductive_system86" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Male_reproductive_system" title="Template:Male reproductive system"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Male_reproductive_system" title="Template talk:Male reproductive system"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Male_reproductive_system" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Male reproductive system"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Male_reproductive_system86" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Male_reproductive_system" title="Male reproductive system">Male reproductive system</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">Internal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seminal_tract" title="Seminal tract">Seminal tract</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Testicle" title="Testicle">Testicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Layers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_vaginalis" title="Tunica vaginalis">Tunica vaginalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_albuginea_of_testis" title="Tunica albuginea of testis">Tunica albuginea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_vasculosa_testis" title="Tunica vasculosa testis">Tunica vasculosa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appendix_of_testis" title="Appendix of testis">Appendix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediastinum_testis" title="Mediastinum testis">Mediastinum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobules_of_testis" title="Lobules of testis">Lobules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septa_of_testis" title="Septa of testis">Septa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leydig_cell" title="Leydig cell">Leydig cells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertoli_cell" title="Sertoli cell">Sertoli cells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood%E2%80%93testis_barrier" title="Blood–testis barrier">Blood–testis barrier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spermatogenesis" title="Spermatogenesis">Spermatogenesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spermatogonium" title="Spermatogonium">Spermatogonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatocytogenesis" title="Spermatocytogenesis">Spermatocytogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatocyte" title="Spermatocyte">Spermatocyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatidogenesis" title="Spermatidogenesis">Spermatidogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatid" title="Spermatid">Spermatid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermiogenesis" title="Spermiogenesis">Spermiogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatozoon" title="Spermatozoon">Spermatozoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seminiferous_tubule" title="Seminiferous tubule">Seminiferous tubules</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tubuli_seminiferi_recti" title="Tubuli seminiferi recti">Tubuli seminiferi recti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rete_testis" title="Rete testis">Retia testes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efferent_ducts" title="Efferent ducts">Efferent ducts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epididymis" title="Epididymis">Epididymides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix_of_the_epididymis" title="Appendix of the epididymis">Appendix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_ligament_of_epididymis" title="Inferior ligament of epididymis">Inferior ligaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_ligament_of_epididymis" title="Superior ligament of epididymis">Superior ligaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereocilia_(epididymis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereocilia (epididymis)">Stereocilia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradidymis" title="Paradidymis">Paradidymides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatic_cord" title="Spermatic cord">Spermatic cords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pampiniform_plexus" title="Pampiniform plexus">Pampiniform plexus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vas_deferens" title="Vas deferens">Vasa deferentia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ampulla_of_ductus_deferens" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampulla of ductus deferens">Ampullae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectovesical_pouch" title="Rectovesical pouch">Rectovesical pouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicular_artery" title="Testicular artery">Testicular arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicular_vein" title="Testicular vein">Testicular veins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Male_accessory_gland" title="Male accessory gland">Accessory glands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seminal_vesicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Seminal vesicle">Seminal vesicles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Excretory_duct_of_seminal_gland" class="mw-redirect" title="Excretory duct of seminal gland">Excretory duct</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">Prostate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_crest" title="Urethral crest">Urethral crest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminal_colliculus" title="Seminal colliculus">Seminal colliculus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejaculatory_duct" title="Ejaculatory duct">Ejaculatory ducts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_sinus" title="Prostatic sinus">Sinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_ducts" title="Prostatic ducts">Ducts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_utricle" title="Prostatic utricle">Utricle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulbourethral_gland" title="Bulbourethral gland">Bulbourethral glands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Male_external_genitalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Male external genitalia">External</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Penis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Root_of_penis" title="Root of penis">Root</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crus_of_penis" title="Crus of penis">Crura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulb_of_penis" title="Bulb of penis">Bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundiform_ligament" title="Fundiform ligament">Fundiform ligament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspensory_ligament_of_penis" title="Suspensory ligament of penis">Suspensory ligament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_penis" title="Body of penis">Body</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_penis" title="Corpus cavernosum penis">Corpora cavernosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabeculae_of_corpora_cavernosa_of_penis" title="Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa of penis">Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_spongiosum_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpus spongiosum penis">Corpus spongiosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabeculae_of_corpus_spongiosum_of_penis" title="Trabeculae of corpus spongiosum of penis">Trabeculae of corpus spongiosum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glans_penis" title="Glans penis">Glans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreskin" title="Foreskin">Foreskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frenulum_of_prepuce_of_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Frenulum of prepuce of penis">Frenulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_of_glans_penis" title="Corona of glans penis">Corona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septum_glandis" title="Septum glandis">Septum glandis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penile_raphe" title="Penile raphe">Raphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">Fascia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subcutaneous_tissue_of_penis" title="Subcutaneous tissue of penis">Superficial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck%27s_fascia" title="Buck's fascia">Deep</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_albuginea_(penis)" title="Tunica albuginea (penis)">Tunica albuginea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septum_of_the_penis" title="Septum of the penis">Septum</a></li> <li>Arteries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artery_of_bulb_of_penis" title="Artery of bulb of penis">Arteries of bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_artery_of_the_penis" title="Dorsal artery of the penis">Dorsal arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_artery_of_the_penis" title="Deep artery of the penis">Deep arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_artery" title="Internal pudendal artery">Internal pudendal artery</a></li></ul></li> <li>Veins <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_veins_of_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorsal veins of penis">Dorsal veins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vein_of_bulb_of_penis" title="Vein of bulb of penis">Vein of bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_veins" title="Internal pudendal veins">Internal pudendal veins</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nerves <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_nerve_of_the_penis" title="Dorsal nerve of the penis">Dorsal nerves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pudendal_nerves" class="mw-redirect" title="Pudendal nerves">Pudendal nerves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethra" title="Urethra">Urethra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_urethral_sphincter" title="Internal urethral sphincter">Internal urethral sphincter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_urethral_orifice" title="Internal urethral orifice">Internal urethral orifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-prostatic_urethra" title="Pre-prostatic urethra">Pre-prostatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_urethra" title="Prostatic urethra">Prostatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membranous_urethra" title="Membranous urethra">Intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spongy_urethra" title="Spongy urethra">Spongy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra" title="External sphincter muscle of male urethra">External sphincter muscle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navicular_fossa_of_male_urethra" title="Navicular fossa of male urethra">Navicular fossa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lacuna_magna" title="Lacuna magna">Lacuna magna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_meatus" title="Urinary meatus">External urethral orifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacunae_of_Morgagni" title="Lacunae of Morgagni">Lacunae of Morgagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_gland" title="Urethral gland">Urethral glands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">Scrotum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Layers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_skin" title="Human skin">Skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartos_fascia" title="Dartos fascia">Dartos fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_spermatic_fascia" title="External spermatic fascia">External spermatic fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremaster_muscle" title="Cremaster muscle">Cremaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremasteric_fascia" title="Cremasteric fascia">Cremasteric fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_spermatic_fascia" title="Internal spermatic fascia">Internal spermatic fascia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrotal_ligament" title="Scrotal ligament">Ligament</a></li> <li>Raphe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrotal_septum" title="Scrotal septum">Septum</a></li> <li>Arteries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_arteries" title="Anterior scrotal arteries">Anterior scrotal arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_arteries" title="Posterior scrotal arteries">Posterior scrotal arteries</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nerves <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Anterior scrotal nerves">Anterior scrotal nerves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Posterior scrotal nerves">Posterior scrotal nerves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perineal_nerve" title="Perineal nerve">Perineal nerve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_veins" title="Posterior scrotal veins">Posterior scrotal veins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Human_regional_anatomy140" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_regional_anatomy" title="Template:Human regional anatomy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human_regional_anatomy" title="Template talk:Human regional anatomy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human_regional_anatomy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human regional anatomy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Human_regional_anatomy140" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Human_body#Regional_groups" title="Human body">Human regional anatomy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_body" title="Human body">Body</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Human_skin" title="Human skin">Skin</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_head" title="Human head">Head</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hair" title="Hair">Hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face" title="Face">Face</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forehead" title="Forehead">Forehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheek" title="Cheek">Cheek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin" title="Chin">Chin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyebrow" title="Eyebrow">Eyebrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_eye" title="Human eye">Eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyelid" title="Eyelid">Eyelid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_nose" title="Human nose">Nose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_mouth" title="Human mouth">Mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lip" title="Lip">Lip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongue" title="Tongue">Tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_tooth" title="Human tooth">Tooth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ear" title="Ear">Ear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaw" title="Jaw">Jaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandible" title="Mandible">Mandible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occipital_bone" title="Occipital bone">Occiput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalp" title="Scalp">Scalp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_(anatomy)" title="Temple (anatomy)">Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neck" title="Neck">Neck</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam%27s_apple" title="Adam's apple">Adam's apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throat" title="Throat">Throat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nape" title="Nape">Nape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Torso" title="Torso">Torso</a> (Trunk)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdomen" title="Abdomen">Abdomen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waist" title="Waist">Waist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midriff" title="Midriff">Midriff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navel" title="Navel">Navel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertebral_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebral column">Vertebral column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_back" title="Human back">Back</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorax" title="Thorax">Thorax</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breast" title="Breast">Breast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipple" title="Nipple">Nipple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvis" title="Pelvis">Pelvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">Genitalia</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Penis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">Scrotum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulva" title="Vulva">Vulva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_anus" title="Human anus">Anus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Limb_(anatomy)" title="Limb (anatomy)">Limbs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arm" title="Arm">Arm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder" title="Shoulder">Shoulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axilla" title="Axilla">Axilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbow" title="Elbow">Elbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forearm" title="Forearm">Forearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrist" title="Wrist">Wrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand" title="Hand">Hand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finger" title="Finger">Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">Fingernail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thumb" title="Thumb">Thumb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_finger" title="Index finger">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_finger" title="Middle finger">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_finger" title="Ring finger">Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_finger" title="Little finger">Little</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_leg" title="Human leg">Leg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buttocks" title="Buttocks">Buttocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip" title="Hip">Hip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thigh" title="Thigh">Thigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee" title="Knee">Knee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calf_(leg)" title="Calf (leg)">Calf</a></li> 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