CINXE.COM
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><title data-rh="true">Ad-Free Medium. We’ve been putting our energy at Medium… | by Medium | The Medium Blog</title><meta data-rh="true" charset="utf-8"/><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1"/><meta data-rh="true" name="theme-color" content="#000000"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:name:iphone" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:id:iphone" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_store_id" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:package" content="com.medium.reader"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:app_id" content="542599432471018"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:site_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:type" content="article"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:published_time" content="2018-07-17T18:37:47.385Z"/><meta data-rh="true" name="title" content="Ad-Free Medium. We’ve been putting our energy at Medium… | by Medium | The Medium Blog"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Ad-Free Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:url" content="medium://p/aeee8ef5dacf"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:url" content="medium://p/aeee8ef5dacf"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="We’ve been putting our energy at Medium into improving quality — hosting more thoughtful and carefully written content, and improving the reading experience. We want to eliminate distractions that…"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="We’ve been putting our energy at Medium into improving quality — hosting more thoughtful and carefully written content, and improving the…"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://blog.medium.com/ad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:web:url" content="https://blog.medium.com/ad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:author" content="https://medium.com/@Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="author" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="index,noarchive,follow,max-image-preview:large"/><meta data-rh="true" name="referrer" content="unsafe-url"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:title" content="Ad-Free Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:site" content="@Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:url:iphone" content="medium://p/aeee8ef5dacf"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:description" content="We’ve been putting our energy at Medium into improving quality — hosting more thoughtful and carefully written content, and improving the…"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:creator" content="@Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:label1" content="Reading time"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:data1" content="3 min read"/><link data-rh="true" rel="icon" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/5d8de952517e8160e40ef9841c781cdc14a5db313057fa3c3de41c6f5b494b19"/><link data-rh="true" rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Medium" href="/osd.xml"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:304:304/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:240:240/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:152:152/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:120:120/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="mask-icon" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:1000:1000/7*GAOKVe--MXbEJmV9230oOQ.png" color="#171717"/><link data-rh="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://glyph.medium.com" crossOrigin=""/><link data-rh="true" id="glyph_preload_link" rel="preload" as="style" type="text/css" href="https://glyph.medium.com/css/unbound.css"/><link data-rh="true" id="glyph_link" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://glyph.medium.com/css/unbound.css"/><link data-rh="true" rel="author" href="https://medium.com/@Medium"/><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="https://blog.medium.com/ad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf"/><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="android-app://com.medium.reader/https/medium.com/p/aeee8ef5dacf"/><script data-rh="true" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\u002F\u002Fschema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fv2\u002Fda:true\u002Fbd978bb536350a710e8efb012513429cabdc4c28700604261aeda246d0f980b7","height":810,"width":1440},"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf","dateCreated":"2018-07-17T18:37:47.385Z","datePublished":"2018-07-17T18:37:47.385Z","dateModified":"2024-06-04T01:54:48.857Z","headline":"Ad-Free Medium - The Medium Blog","name":"Ad-Free Medium - The Medium Blog","description":"We’ve been putting our energy at Medium into improving quality — hosting more thoughtful and carefully written content, and improving the reading experience. We want to eliminate distractions that…","identifier":"aeee8ef5dacf","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Medium","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002F@Medium"},"creator":["Medium"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Medium Blog","url":"blog.medium.com","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":272,"height":60,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fv2\u002Fresize:fit:544\u002F7*V1_7XP4snlmqrc_0Njontw.png"}},"mainEntityOfPage":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf"}</script><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="STATIC">html{box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}*, *:before, *:after{box-sizing:inherit}body{margin:0;padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;color:rgba(0,0,0,0.8);position:relative;min-height:100vh}h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, dl, dd, ol, ul, menu, figure, blockquote, p, pre, form{margin:0}menu, ol, ul{padding:0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none}main{display:block}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a, button, input{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}img, svg{vertical-align:middle}button{background:transparent;overflow:visible}button, input, optgroup, select, textarea{margin:0}:root{--reach-tabs:1;--reach-menu-button:1}#speechify-root{font-family:Sohne, sans-serif}div[data-popper-reference-hidden="true"]{visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none}.grecaptcha-badge{visibility:hidden} /*XCode style (c) Angel Garcia <angelgarcia.mail@gmail.com>*/.hljs {background: #fff;color: black; }/* Gray DOCTYPE selectors like WebKit */ .xml .hljs-meta {color: #c0c0c0; }.hljs-comment, .hljs-quote {color: #007400; }.hljs-tag, .hljs-attribute, .hljs-keyword, .hljs-selector-tag, .hljs-literal, .hljs-name {color: #aa0d91; }.hljs-variable, .hljs-template-variable {color: #3F6E74; }.hljs-code, .hljs-string, .hljs-meta .hljs-string {color: #c41a16; }.hljs-regexp, .hljs-link {color: #0E0EFF; }.hljs-title, .hljs-symbol, .hljs-bullet, .hljs-number {color: #1c00cf; }.hljs-section, .hljs-meta {color: #643820; }.hljs-title.class_, .hljs-class .hljs-title, .hljs-type, .hljs-built_in, .hljs-params {color: #5c2699; }.hljs-attr {color: #836C28; }.hljs-subst {color: #000; }.hljs-formula {background-color: #eee;font-style: italic; }.hljs-addition {background-color: #baeeba; }.hljs-deletion {background-color: #ffc8bd; }.hljs-selector-id, .hljs-selector-class {color: #9b703f; }.hljs-doctag, .hljs-strong {font-weight: bold; }.hljs-emphasis {font-style: italic; } </style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="KEYFRAME">@-webkit-keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}@-moz-keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}@keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE">.a{font-family:medium-content-sans-serif-font, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif}.b{font-weight:400}.c{background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.l{display:block}.m{position:sticky}.n{top:0}.o{z-index:500}.p{padding:0 24px}.q{align-items:center}.r{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.y{height:41px}.z{line-height:20px}.ab{display:flex}.ac{height:57px}.ae{flex:1 0 auto}.af{color:inherit}.ag{fill:inherit}.ah{font-size:inherit}.ai{border:inherit}.aj{font-family:inherit}.ak{letter-spacing:inherit}.al{font-weight:inherit}.am{padding:0}.an{margin:0}.ao{cursor:pointer}.ap:disabled{cursor:not-allowed}.aq:disabled{color:#6B6B6B}.ar:disabled{fill:#6B6B6B}.au{width:auto}.av path{fill:#242424}.aw{height:25px}.ax{margin-left:16px}.ay{border:none}.az{border-radius:20px}.ba{width:240px}.bb{background:#F9F9F9}.bc path{fill:#6B6B6B}.be{outline:none}.bf{font-family:sohne, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}.bg{font-size:14px}.bh{width:100%}.bi{padding:10px 20px 10px 0}.bj{background-color:transparent}.bk{color:#242424}.bl::placeholder{color:#6B6B6B}.bm{display:inline-block}.bn{margin-left:12px}.bo{margin-right:12px}.bp{border-radius:4px}.bq{margin-left:24px}.br{height:24px}.bx{background-color:#F9F9F9}.by{border-radius:50%}.bz{height:32px}.ca{width:32px}.cb{justify-content:center}.ch{max-width:680px}.ci{min-width:0}.cj{animation:k1 1.2s ease-in-out infinite}.ck{height:100vh}.cl{margin-bottom:16px}.cm{margin-top:48px}.cn{align-items:flex-start}.co{flex-direction:column}.cp{justify-content:space-between}.cq{margin-bottom:24px}.cw{width:80%}.cx{background-color:#F2F2F2}.dd{height:44px}.de{width:44px}.df{margin:auto 0}.dg{margin-bottom:4px}.dh{height:16px}.di{width:120px}.dj{width:80px}.dp{margin-bottom:8px}.dq{width:96%}.dr{width:98%}.ds{width:81%}.dt{margin-left:8px}.du{color:#6B6B6B}.dv{font-size:13px}.dw{height:100%}.ep{color:#FFFFFF}.eq{fill:#FFFFFF}.er{background:rgba(26, 137, 23, 1)}.es{border-color:rgba(26, 137, 23, 1)}.ew:disabled{cursor:inherit !important}.ex:disabled{opacity:0.3}.ey:disabled:hover{background:rgba(26, 137, 23, 1)}.ez:disabled:hover{border-color:rgba(26, 137, 23, 1)}.fa{border-radius:99em}.fb{border-width:1px}.fc{border-style:solid}.fd{box-sizing:border-box}.fe{text-decoration:none}.ff{text-align:center}.fi{margin-right:32px}.fj{position:relative}.fk{fill:#6B6B6B}.fn{background:transparent}.fo svg{margin-left:4px}.fp svg{fill:#6B6B6B}.fr{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)}.fs{position:absolute}.fz{margin:0 24px}.gd{background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.ge{border:1px solid #F2F2F2}.gf{box-shadow:0 1px 4px #F2F2F2}.gg{max-height:100vh}.gh{overflow-y:auto}.gi{left:0}.gj{top:calc(100vh + 100px)}.gk{bottom:calc(100vh + 100px)}.gl{width:10px}.gm{pointer-events:none}.gn{word-break:break-word}.go{word-wrap:break-word}.gp:after{display:block}.gq:after{content:""}.gr:after{clear:both}.gs{line-height:1.23}.gt{letter-spacing:0}.gu{font-style:normal}.gv{font-weight:700}.ia{align-items:baseline}.ib{width:48px}.ic{height:48px}.id{border:2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.ie{z-index:0}.if{box-shadow:none}.ig{border:1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)}.ih{margin-left:-12px}.ii{width:28px}.ij{height:28px}.ik{z-index:1}.il{width:24px}.im{margin-bottom:2px}.in{flex-wrap:nowrap}.io{font-size:16px}.ip{line-height:24px}.ir{margin:0 8px}.is{display:inline}.it{color:rgba(26, 137, 23, 1)}.iu{fill:rgba(26, 137, 23, 1)}.ix{flex:0 0 auto}.ja{flex-wrap:wrap}.jd{white-space:pre-wrap}.je{margin-right:4px}.jf{overflow:hidden}.jg{max-height:20px}.jh{text-overflow:ellipsis}.ji{display:-webkit-box}.jj{-webkit-line-clamp:1}.jk{-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.jl{word-break:break-all}.jn{padding-left:8px}.jo{padding-right:8px}.kp> *{flex-shrink:0}.kq{overflow-x:scroll}.kr::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.ks{scrollbar-width:none}.kt{-ms-overflow-style:none}.ku{width:74px}.kv{flex-direction:row}.kw{z-index:2}.kz{-webkit-user-select:none}.la{border:0}.lb{fill:rgba(117, 117, 117, 1)}.le{outline:0}.lf{user-select:none}.lg> svg{pointer-events:none}.lp{cursor:progress}.lq{margin-left:4px}.lr{margin-top:0px}.ls{opacity:1}.lt{padding:4px 0}.lw{width:16px}.ly{display:inline-flex}.me{max-width:100%}.mf{padding:8px 2px}.mg svg{color:#6B6B6B}.mx{line-height:1.58}.my{letter-spacing:-0.004em}.mz{font-family:source-serif-pro, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif}.nu{margin-bottom:-0.46em}.nv{text-decoration:underline}.nw{line-height:1.12}.nx{letter-spacing:-0.022em}.ny{font-weight:600}.ot{margin-bottom:-0.28em}.oz{list-style-type:disc}.pa{margin-left:30px}.pb{padding-left:0px}.ph{margin-bottom:26px}.pi{margin-top:6px}.pj{margin-top:8px}.pk{margin-right:8px}.pl{padding:8px 16px}.pm{border-radius:100px}.pn{transition:background 300ms ease}.pp{white-space:nowrap}.pq{border-top:none}.pr{margin-bottom:14px}.ps{height:52px}.pt{max-height:52px}.pu{box-sizing:content-box}.pv{position:static}.px{max-width:155px}.qd{margin-right:20px}.qj{height:0px}.qk{margin-bottom:40px}.ql{margin-bottom:48px}.qz{border-radius:2px}.rb{height:64px}.rc{width:64px}.rd{align-self:flex-end}.re{flex:1 1 auto}.rk{padding-right:4px}.rl{font-weight:500}.ry{margin-top:16px}.rz{color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.sa{fill:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.sb{background:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.sc{border-color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.sf:disabled{opacity:0.1}.sg:disabled:hover{background:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.sh:disabled:hover{border-color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.sq{gap:18px}.sr{fill:rgba(61, 61, 61, 1)}.st{margin-top:32px}.su{fill:#242424}.sv{background:0}.sw{border-color:#242424}.sx:disabled:hover{color:#242424}.sy:disabled:hover{fill:#242424}.sz:disabled:hover{border-color:#242424}.tk{border-bottom:solid 1px #E5E5E5}.tl{margin-top:72px}.tm{padding:24px 0}.tn{margin-bottom:0px}.to{margin-right:16px}.as:hover:not(:disabled){color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.at:hover:not(:disabled){fill:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.et:hover{background:rgba(15, 115, 12, 1)}.eu:hover{border-color:rgba(15, 115, 12, 1)}.ev:hover{cursor:pointer}.fl:hover{color:#242424}.fm:hover{fill:#242424}.fq:hover svg{fill:#242424}.ft:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)}.iq:hover{text-decoration:underline}.iv:hover:not(:disabled){color:rgba(15, 115, 12, 1)}.iw:hover:not(:disabled){fill:rgba(15, 115, 12, 1)}.ld:hover{fill:rgba(8, 8, 8, 1)}.lu:hover{fill:#000000}.lv:hover p{color:#000000}.lx:hover{color:#000000}.mh:hover svg{color:#000000}.po:hover{background-color:#F2F2F2}.ra:hover{background-color:none}.sd:hover{background:#000000}.se:hover{border-color:#242424}.ss:hover{fill:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.bd:focus-within path{fill:#242424}.lc:focus{fill:rgba(8, 8, 8, 1)}.mi:focus svg{color:#000000}.lh:active{border-style:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 1080px)">.d{display:none}.bw{width:64px}.cg{margin:0 64px}.cv{height:48px}.dc{margin-bottom:52px}.do{margin-bottom:48px}.ef{font-size:14px}.eg{line-height:20px}.em{font-size:13px}.eo{padding:5px 12px}.fh{display:flex}.fy{margin-bottom:68px}.gc{max-width:680px}.hq{font-size:42px}.hr{margin-top:1.19em}.hs{margin-bottom:32px}.ht{line-height:52px}.hu{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.hz{align-items:center}.kb{border-top:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.kc{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.kd{margin:32px 0 0}.ke{padding:3px 8px}.kn> *{margin-right:24px}.ko> :last-child{margin-right:0}.lo{margin-top:0px}.md{margin:0}.nq{font-size:20px}.nr{margin-top:2.14em}.ns{line-height:32px}.nt{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.op{font-size:24px}.oq{margin-top:1.95em}.or{line-height:30px}.os{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.oy{margin-top:0.94em}.pg{margin-top:1.14em}.qc{display:inline-block}.qi{margin-bottom:104px}.qm{flex-direction:row}.qp{margin-bottom:0}.qq{margin-right:20px}.rf{max-width:500px}.rw{line-height:24px}.rx{letter-spacing:0}.sm{margin-bottom:88px}.sp{margin-bottom:72px}.te{width:min-width}.tj{padding-top:72px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 1079.98px)">.e{display:none}.ln{margin-top:0px}.qb{display:inline-block}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 903.98px)">.f{display:none}.lm{margin-top:0px}.qa{display:inline-block}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 727.98px)">.g{display:none}.lk{margin-top:0px}.ll{margin-right:0px}.pz{display:inline-block}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 551.98px)">.h{display:none}.s{display:flex}.t{justify-content:space-between}.bs{width:24px}.cc{margin:0 24px}.cr{height:40px}.cy{margin-bottom:44px}.dk{margin-bottom:32px}.dx{font-size:13px}.dy{line-height:20px}.eh{padding:0px 8px 1px}.fu{margin-bottom:4px}.gw{font-size:32px}.gx{margin-top:1.01em}.gy{margin-bottom:24px}.gz{line-height:38px}.ha{letter-spacing:-0.014em}.hv{align-items:flex-start}.iy{flex-direction:column}.jb{margin-bottom:2px}.jp{margin:24px -24px 0}.jq{padding:0}.kf> *{margin-right:8px}.kg> :last-child{margin-right:24px}.kx{margin-left:0px}.li{margin-top:0px}.lj{margin-right:0px}.lz{margin:0}.mj{border:1px solid #F2F2F2}.mk{border-radius:99em}.ml{padding:0px 16px 0px 12px}.mm{height:38px}.mn{align-items:center}.mp svg{margin-right:8px}.na{font-size:18px}.nb{margin-top:1.56em}.nc{line-height:28px}.nd{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.nz{font-size:20px}.oa{margin-top:1.2em}.ob{line-height:24px}.oc{letter-spacing:0}.ou{margin-top:0.67em}.pc{margin-top:1.34em}.py{display:inline-block}.qe{margin-bottom:96px}.qx{margin-bottom:20px}.qy{margin-right:0}.rj{max-width:100%}.rm{font-size:24px}.rn{line-height:30px}.ro{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.si{margin-bottom:64px}.ta{width:100%}.tf{padding-top:48px}.mo:hover{border-color:#E5E5E5}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 904px) and (max-width: 1079.98px)">.i{display:none}.bv{width:64px}.cf{margin:0 64px}.cu{height:48px}.db{margin-bottom:52px}.dn{margin-bottom:48px}.ed{font-size:14px}.ee{line-height:20px}.ek{font-size:13px}.el{padding:5px 12px}.fg{display:flex}.fx{margin-bottom:68px}.gb{max-width:680px}.hl{font-size:42px}.hm{margin-top:1.19em}.hn{margin-bottom:32px}.ho{line-height:52px}.hp{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.hy{align-items:center}.jx{border-top:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.jy{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.jz{margin:32px 0 0}.ka{padding:3px 8px}.kl> *{margin-right:24px}.km> :last-child{margin-right:0}.mc{margin:0}.nm{font-size:20px}.nn{margin-top:2.14em}.no{line-height:32px}.np{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.ol{font-size:24px}.om{margin-top:1.95em}.on{line-height:30px}.oo{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.ox{margin-top:0.94em}.pf{margin-top:1.14em}.qh{margin-bottom:104px}.qn{flex-direction:row}.qr{margin-bottom:0}.qs{margin-right:20px}.rg{max-width:500px}.ru{line-height:24px}.rv{letter-spacing:0}.sl{margin-bottom:88px}.so{margin-bottom:72px}.td{width:min-width}.ti{padding-top:72px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 728px) and (max-width: 903.98px)">.j{display:none}.w{display:flex}.x{justify-content:space-between}.bu{width:64px}.ce{margin:0 48px}.ct{height:48px}.da{margin-bottom:52px}.dm{margin-bottom:48px}.eb{font-size:13px}.ec{line-height:20px}.ej{padding:0px 8px 1px}.fw{margin-bottom:68px}.ga{max-width:680px}.hg{font-size:42px}.hh{margin-top:1.19em}.hi{margin-bottom:32px}.hj{line-height:52px}.hk{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.hx{align-items:center}.jt{border-top:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.ju{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.jv{margin:32px 0 0}.jw{padding:3px 8px}.kj> *{margin-right:24px}.kk> :last-child{margin-right:0}.mb{margin:0}.ni{font-size:20px}.nj{margin-top:2.14em}.nk{line-height:32px}.nl{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.oh{font-size:24px}.oi{margin-top:1.95em}.oj{line-height:30px}.ok{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.ow{margin-top:0.94em}.pe{margin-top:1.14em}.qg{margin-bottom:104px}.qo{flex-direction:row}.qt{margin-bottom:0}.qu{margin-right:20px}.rh{max-width:500px}.rs{line-height:24px}.rt{letter-spacing:0}.sk{margin-bottom:88px}.sn{margin-bottom:72px}.tc{width:min-width}.th{padding-top:72px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 552px) and (max-width: 727.98px)">.k{display:none}.u{display:flex}.v{justify-content:space-between}.bt{width:24px}.cd{margin:0 24px}.cs{height:40px}.cz{margin-bottom:44px}.dl{margin-bottom:32px}.dz{font-size:13px}.ea{line-height:20px}.ei{padding:0px 8px 1px}.fv{margin-bottom:4px}.hb{font-size:32px}.hc{margin-top:1.01em}.hd{margin-bottom:24px}.he{line-height:38px}.hf{letter-spacing:-0.014em}.hw{align-items:flex-start}.iz{flex-direction:column}.jc{margin-bottom:2px}.jr{margin:24px 0 0}.js{padding:0}.kh> *{margin-right:8px}.ki> :last-child{margin-right:8px}.ky{margin-left:0px}.ma{margin:0}.mq{border:1px solid #F2F2F2}.mr{border-radius:99em}.ms{padding:0px 16px 0px 12px}.mt{height:38px}.mu{align-items:center}.mw svg{margin-right:8px}.ne{font-size:18px}.nf{margin-top:1.56em}.ng{line-height:28px}.nh{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.od{font-size:20px}.oe{margin-top:1.2em}.of{line-height:24px}.og{letter-spacing:0}.ov{margin-top:0.67em}.pd{margin-top:1.34em}.qf{margin-bottom:96px}.qv{margin-bottom:20px}.qw{margin-right:0}.ri{max-width:100%}.rp{font-size:24px}.rq{line-height:30px}.rr{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.sj{margin-bottom:64px}.tb{width:100%}.tg{padding-top:48px}.mv:hover{border-color:#E5E5E5}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="print">.pw{display:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="534" data-fela-type="RULE" media="(orientation: landscape) and (max-width: 903.98px)">.jm{max-height:none}</style></head><body><div id="root"><div class="a b c"><div class="d e f g h i j k"></div><script>document.domain = document.domain;</script><div class="l c"><div class="l m n o c"><div class="p q r s t u v w x i d y z"><a class="du ag dv bf ak b am an ao ap aq ar as at s u w i d q dw z" href="https://rsci.app.link/?%24canonical_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fp%2Faeee8ef5dacf&%7Efeature=LoOpenInAppButton&%7Echannel=ShowPostUnderCollection&source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------" rel="noopener follow">Open in app<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="10" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 10 10" class="dt"><path fill="currentColor" d="M.985 8.485a.375.375 0 1 0 .53.53zM8.75 1.25h.375A.375.375 0 0 0 8.75.875zM8.375 6.5a.375.375 0 1 0 .75 0zM3.5.875a.375.375 0 1 0 0 .75zm-1.985 8.14 7.5-7.5-.53-.53-7.5 7.5zm6.86-7.765V6.5h.75V1.25zM3.5 1.625h5.25v-.75H3.5z"></path></svg></a><div class="ab q"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><button class="bf b dx dy eh dz ea ei eb ec ej ek ee el em eg eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd bm fe ff" data-testid="headerSignUpButton">Sign up</button></span></p><div class="ax l"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSignInButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?operation=login&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&source=post_page---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------global_nav-----------" rel="noopener follow">Sign in</a></span></p></div></div></div><div class="p q r ab ac"><div class="ab q ae"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at ab" aria-label="Homepage" data-testid="headerMediumLogo" href="https://medium.com/?source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="719" height="160" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 719 160" class="au av aw"><path fill="#242424" d="m174.104 9.734.215-.047V8.02H130.39L89.6 103.89 48.81 8.021H1.472v1.666l.212.047c8.018 1.81 12.09 4.509 12.09 14.242V137.93c0 9.734-4.087 12.433-12.106 14.243l-.212.047v1.671h32.118v-1.665l-.213-.048c-8.018-1.809-12.089-4.509-12.089-14.242V30.586l52.399 123.305h2.972l53.925-126.743V140.75c-.687 7.688-4.721 10.062-11.982 11.701l-.215.05v1.652h55.948v-1.652l-.215-.05c-7.269-1.639-11.4-4.013-12.087-11.701l-.037-116.774h.037c0-9.733 4.071-12.432 12.087-14.242m25.555 75.488c.915-20.474 8.268-35.252 20.606-35.507 3.806.063 6.998 1.312 9.479 3.714 5.272 5.118 7.751 15.812 7.368 31.793zm-.553 5.77h65.573v-.275c-.186-15.656-4.721-27.834-13.466-36.196-7.559-7.227-18.751-11.203-30.507-11.203h-.263c-6.101 0-13.584 1.48-18.909 4.16-6.061 2.807-11.407 7.003-15.855 12.511-7.161 8.874-11.499 20.866-12.554 34.343q-.05.606-.092 1.212a50 50 0 0 0-.065 1.151 85.807 85.807 0 0 0-.094 5.689c.71 30.524 17.198 54.917 46.483 54.917 25.705 0 40.675-18.791 44.407-44.013l-1.886-.664c-6.557 13.556-18.334 21.771-31.738 20.769-18.297-1.369-32.314-19.922-31.042-42.395m139.722 41.359c-2.151 5.101-6.639 7.908-12.653 7.908s-11.513-4.129-15.418-11.63c-4.197-8.053-6.405-19.436-6.405-32.92 0-28.067 8.729-46.22 22.24-46.22 5.657 0 10.111 2.807 12.236 7.704zm43.499 20.008c-8.019-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951V1.309l-48.716 14.353v1.757l.299-.024c6.72-.543 11.278.386 13.925 2.83 2.072 1.915 3.082 4.853 3.082 8.987v18.66c-4.803-3.067-10.516-4.56-17.448-4.56-14.059 0-26.909 5.92-36.176 16.672-9.66 11.205-14.767 26.518-14.767 44.278-.003 31.72 15.612 53.039 38.851 53.039 13.595 0 24.533-7.449 29.54-20.013v16.865h43.711v-1.746zM424.1 19.819c0-9.904-7.468-17.374-17.375-17.374-9.859 0-17.573 7.632-17.573 17.374s7.721 17.374 17.573 17.374c9.907 0 17.375-7.47 17.375-17.374m11.499 132.546c-8.019-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951h-.035V43.635l-43.714 12.551v1.705l.263.024c9.458.842 12.047 4.1 12.047 15.152v81.086h43.751v-1.746zm112.013 0c-8.018-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951V43.635l-41.621 12.137v1.71l.246.026c7.733.813 9.967 4.257 9.967 15.36v59.279c-2.578 5.102-7.415 8.131-13.274 8.336-9.503 0-14.736-6.419-14.736-18.073V43.638l-43.714 12.55v1.703l.262.024c9.459.84 12.05 4.097 12.05 15.152v50.17a56.3 56.3 0 0 0 .91 10.444l.787 3.423c3.701 13.262 13.398 20.197 28.59 20.197 12.868 0 24.147-7.966 29.115-20.43v17.311h43.714v-1.747zm169.818 1.788v-1.749l-.213-.05c-8.7-2.006-12.089-5.789-12.089-13.49v-63.79c0-19.89-11.171-31.761-29.883-31.761-13.64 0-25.141 7.882-29.569 20.16-3.517-13.01-13.639-20.16-28.606-20.16-13.146 0-23.449 6.938-27.869 18.657V43.643L545.487 55.68v1.715l.263.024c9.345.829 12.047 4.181 12.047 14.95v81.784h40.787v-1.746l-.215-.053c-6.941-1.631-9.181-4.606-9.181-12.239V66.998c1.836-4.289 5.537-9.37 12.853-9.37 9.086 0 13.692 6.296 13.692 18.697v77.828h40.797v-1.746l-.215-.053c-6.94-1.631-9.18-4.606-9.18-12.239V75.066a42 42 0 0 0-.578-7.26c1.947-4.661 5.86-10.177 13.475-10.177 9.214 0 13.691 6.114 13.691 18.696v77.828z"></path></svg></a><div class="ax h"><div class="ab ay az ba bb q bc bd"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false" aria-describedby="searchResults" aria-labelledby="searchResults"></div><div class="bn bo ab"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.092 11.06a6.95 6.95 0 1 1 13.9 0 6.95 6.95 0 0 1-13.9 0m6.95-8.05a8.05 8.05 0 1 0 5.13 14.26l3.75 3.75a.56.56 0 1 0 .79-.79l-3.73-3.73A8.05 8.05 0 0 0 11.042 3z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div><input role="combobox" aria-controls="searchResults" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="search" data-testid="headerSearchInput" tabindex="0" class="ay be bf bg z bh bi bj bk bl" placeholder="Search" value=""/></div></div></div><div class="h k w fg fh"><div class="fi ab"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerWriteButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fnew-story&source=---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------new_post_topnav-----------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="bf b bg z du fj fk ab q fl fm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="Write"><path fill="currentColor" d="M14 4a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1zm7 6a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0zm-7-7H4v1h10zM3 4v16h1V4zm1 17h16v-1H4zm17-1V10h-1v10zm-1 1a1 1 0 0 0 1-1h-1zM3 20a1 1 0 0 0 1 1v-1zM4 3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1h1z"></path><path stroke="currentColor" d="m17.5 4.5-8.458 8.458a.25.25 0 0 0-.06.098l-.824 2.47a.25.25 0 0 0 .316.316l2.47-.823a.25.25 0 0 0 .098-.06L19.5 6.5m-2-2 2.323-2.323a.25.25 0 0 1 .354 0l1.646 1.646a.25.25 0 0 1 0 .354L19.5 6.5m-2-2 2 2"></path></svg><div class="dt l">Write</div></div></a></span></div></div><div class="k j i d"><div class="fi ab"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSearchButton" href="https://medium.com/search?source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="bf b bg z du fj fk ab q fl fm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="Search"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.092 11.06a6.95 6.95 0 1 1 13.9 0 6.95 6.95 0 0 1-13.9 0m6.95-8.05a8.05 8.05 0 1 0 5.13 14.26l3.75 3.75a.56.56 0 1 0 .79-.79l-3.73-3.73A8.05 8.05 0 0 0 11.042 3z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></a></div></div><div class="fi h k j"><div class="ab q"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><button class="bf b dx dy eh dz ea ei eb ec ej ek ee el em eg eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd bm fe ff" data-testid="headerSignUpButton">Sign up</button></span></p><div class="ax l"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSignInButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?operation=login&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&source=post_page---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------global_nav-----------" rel="noopener follow">Sign in</a></span></p></div></div></div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><button class="ay fn am ab q ao fo fp fq" aria-label="user options menu" data-testid="headerUserIcon"><div class="l fj"><img alt="" class="l fd by bz ca cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:64:64/1*dmbNkD5D-u45r44go_cf0g.png" width="32" height="32" loading="lazy" role="presentation"/><div class="fr by l bz ca fs n ay ft"></div></div></button></div></div></div><div class="l"><div class="fu fv fw fx fy l"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"></div></div><article><div class="l"><div class="l"><span class="l"></span><section><div><div class="fs gi gj gk gl gm"></div><div class="gn go gp gq gr"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div><h1 id="3b89" class="pw-post-title gs gt gu bf gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu bk" data-testid="storyTitle">Ad-Free Medium</h1><div><div class="speechify-ignore ab cp"><div class="speechify-ignore bh l"><div class="hv hw hx hy hz ab"><div><div class="ab ia"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://medium.com/@Medium?source=post_page---byline--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="l ib ic by id ie"><div class="l fj"><img alt="Medium" class="l fd by dd de cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:88:88/1*4eBYLmk70ln9psBY4_bL9A.jpeg" width="44" height="44" loading="lazy" data-testid="authorPhoto"/><div class="if by l dd de fs n ig ft"></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="ih ab fj"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://blog.medium.com/?source=post_page---byline--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="l ii ij by id ik"><div class="l fj"><img alt="The Medium Blog" class="l fd by br il cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:48:48/1*AXYe3ZfLJvIjSW7fD3Eakg.jpeg" width="24" height="24" loading="lazy" data-testid="publicationPhoto"/><div class="if by l br il fs n ig ft"></div></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="bn bh l"><div class="ab"><div style="flex:1"><span class="bf b bg z bk"><div class="im ab q"><div class="ab q in"><div class="ab q"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><p class="bf b io ip bk"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" data-testid="authorName" href="https://medium.com/@Medium?source=post_page---byline--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow">Medium</a></p></div></div></div><span class="ir is" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span><p class="bf b io ip du"><span><a class="it iu ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar ex iv iw" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fsubscribe%2Fuser%2F504c7870fdb6&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&user=Medium&userId=504c7870fdb6&source=post_page-504c7870fdb6--byline--aeee8ef5dacf---------------------post_header-----------" rel="noopener follow">Follow</a></span></p></div></div></span></div></div><div class="l ix"><span class="bf b bg z du"><div class="ab cn iy iz ja"><div class="jb jc ab"><div class="bf b bg z du ab jd"><span class="je l ix">Published in</span><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq ab q" data-testid="publicationName" href="https://blog.medium.com/?source=post_page---byline--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b bg z jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm bk">The Medium Blog</p></a></div></div></div><div class="h k"><span class="ir is" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span></div></div><span class="bf b bg z du"><div class="ab ae"><span data-testid="storyReadTime">3 min read</span><div class="jn jo l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span></div><span data-testid="storyPublishDate">Jul 17, 2018</span></div></span></div></span></div></div></div><div class="ab cp jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke"><div class="h k w fg fh q"><div class="ku l"><div class="ab q kv kw"><div class="pw-multi-vote-icon fj je kx ky kz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerClapButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fvote%2Fblog%2Faeee8ef5dacf&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&user=Medium&userId=504c7870fdb6&source=---header_actions--aeee8ef5dacf---------------------clap_footer-----------" rel="noopener follow"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><div class="la ao lb lc ld le am lf lg lh kz"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="clap"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.37.828 12 3.282l.63-2.454zM13.916 3.953l1.523-2.112-1.184-.39zM8.589 1.84l1.522 2.112-.337-2.501zM18.523 18.92c-.86.86-1.75 1.246-2.62 1.33a6 6 0 0 0 .407-.372c2.388-2.389 2.86-4.951 1.399-7.623l-.912-1.603-.79-1.672c-.26-.56-.194-.98.203-1.288a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.546.231.728.5l2.363 4.157c.976 1.624 1.141 4.237-1.324 6.702m-10.999-.438L3.37 14.328a.828.828 0 0 1 .585-1.408.83.83 0 0 1 .585.242l2.158 2.157a.365.365 0 0 0 .516-.516l-2.157-2.158-1.449-1.449a.826.826 0 0 1 1.167-1.17l3.438 3.44a.363.363 0 0 0 .516 0 .364.364 0 0 0 0-.516L5.293 9.513l-.97-.97a.826.826 0 0 1 0-1.166.84.84 0 0 1 1.167 0l.97.968 3.437 3.436a.36.36 0 0 0 .517 0 .366.366 0 0 0 0-.516L6.977 7.83a.82.82 0 0 1-.241-.584.82.82 0 0 1 .824-.826c.219 0 .43.087.584.242l5.787 5.787a.366.366 0 0 0 .587-.415l-1.117-2.363c-.26-.56-.194-.98.204-1.289a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.545.232.727.501l2.193 3.86c1.302 2.38.883 4.59-1.277 6.75-1.156 1.156-2.602 1.627-4.19 1.367-1.418-.236-2.866-1.033-4.079-2.246M10.75 5.971l2.12 2.12c-.41.502-.465 1.17-.128 1.89l.22.465-3.523-3.523a.8.8 0 0 1-.097-.368c0-.22.086-.428.241-.584a.847.847 0 0 1 1.167 0m7.355 1.705c-.31-.461-.746-.758-1.23-.837a1.44 1.44 0 0 0-1.11.275c-.312.24-.505.543-.59.881a1.74 1.74 0 0 0-.906-.465 1.47 1.47 0 0 0-.82.106l-2.182-2.182a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.2 0 1.54 1.54 0 0 0-.396.701 1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.21-.01 1.55 1.55 0 0 0-.416.753c-.624-.624-1.649-.624-2.237-.037a1.557 1.557 0 0 0 0 2.2c-.239.1-.501.238-.715.453a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 0 2.2l.516.515a1.556 1.556 0 0 0-.753 2.615L7.01 19c1.32 1.319 2.909 2.189 4.475 2.449q.482.08.971.08c.85 0 1.653-.198 2.393-.579.231.033.46.054.686.054 1.266 0 2.457-.52 3.505-1.567 2.763-2.763 2.552-5.734 1.439-7.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></span></div><div class="pw-multi-vote-count l li lj lk ll lm ln lo"><p class="bf b dv z du"><span class="lp">--</span></p></div></div></div><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="ao la ls lt ab q fk lu lv" aria-label="responses"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="lr"><path d="M18.006 16.803c1.533-1.456 2.234-3.325 2.234-5.321C20.24 7.357 16.709 4 12.191 4S4 7.357 4 11.482c0 4.126 3.674 7.482 8.191 7.482.817 0 1.622-.111 2.393-.327.231.2.48.391.744.559 1.06.693 2.203 1.044 3.399 1.044.224-.008.4-.112.486-.287a.49.49 0 0 0-.042-.518c-.495-.67-.845-1.364-1.04-2.057a4 4 0 0 1-.125-.598zm-3.122 1.055-.067-.223-.315.096a8 8 0 0 1-2.311.338c-4.023 0-7.292-2.955-7.292-6.587 0-3.633 3.269-6.588 7.292-6.588 4.014 0 7.112 2.958 7.112 6.593 0 1.794-.608 3.469-2.027 4.72l-.195.168v.255c0 .056 0 .151.016.295.025.231.081.478.154.733.154.558.398 1.117.722 1.659a5.3 5.3 0 0 1-2.165-.845c-.276-.176-.714-.383-.941-.59z"></path></svg><p class="bf b dv z du"><span class="pw-responses-count lq lr">27</span></p></button></div></div></div><div class="ab q kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt"><div class="lw k j i d"></div><div class="h k"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerBookmarkButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Faeee8ef5dacf&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&source=---header_actions--aeee8ef5dacf---------------------bookmark_footer-----------" rel="noopener follow"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="du lx" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div><div class="fd ly cn"><div class="l ae"><div class="ab cb"><div class="lz ma mb mc md me ci bh"><div class="ab"><div class="bm bh" aria-hidden="false"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button aria-label="Listen" data-testid="audioPlayButton" class="af fk ah ai aj ak al mf an ao ap ex mg mh lv mi mj mk ml mm s mn mo mp mq mr ms mt u mu mv mw"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M3 12a9 9 0 1 1 18 0 9 9 0 0 1-18 0m9-10C6.477 2 2 6.477 2 12s4.477 10 10 10 10-4.477 10-10S17.523 2 12 2m3.376 10.416-4.599 3.066a.5.5 0 0 1-.777-.416V8.934a.5.5 0 0 1 .777-.416l4.599 3.066a.5.5 0 0 1 0 .832" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div class="j i d"><p class="bf b bg z du">Listen</p></div></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false" aria-describedby="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-labelledby="postFooterSocialMenu"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button aria-controls="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Share Post" data-testid="headerSocialShareButton" class="af fk ah ai aj ak al mf an ao ap ex mg mh lv mi mj mk ml mm s mn mo mp mq mr ms mt u mu mv mw"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M15.218 4.931a.4.4 0 0 1-.118.132l.012.006a.45.45 0 0 1-.292.074.5.5 0 0 1-.3-.13l-2.02-2.02v7.07c0 .28-.23.5-.5.5s-.5-.22-.5-.5v-7.04l-2 2a.45.45 0 0 1-.57.04h-.02a.4.4 0 0 1-.16-.3.4.4 0 0 1 .1-.32l2.8-2.8a.5.5 0 0 1 .7 0l2.8 2.79a.42.42 0 0 1 .068.498m-.106.138.008.004v-.01zM16 7.063h1.5a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v10a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-11c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2v-10a2 2 0 0 1 2-2H8a.5.5 0 0 1 .35.15.5.5 0 0 1 .15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.35.15H6.4c-.5 0-.9.4-.9.9v10.2a.9.9 0 0 0 .9.9h11.2c.5 0 .9-.4.9-.9v-10.2c0-.5-.4-.9-.9-.9H16a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div class="j i d"><p class="bf b bg z du">Share</p></div></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p id="b379" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">We’ve been putting our <a class="af nv" rel="noopener" href="/the-medium-model-3ec28c6f603a">energy at Medium</a> into improving quality — hosting more thoughtful and carefully written content, and improving the reading experience. We want to eliminate distractions that get in the way of reading flow and reduce distortions that could undermine your trust in what you read on Medium.</p><p id="6973" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">To that end, we‘re adjusting our policies related to commercial content.</p><h1 id="04e5" class="nw nx gu bf ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot bk">Ads, Promotions, and Marketing</h1><p id="6b7b" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na ou nc nd ne ov ng nh ni ow nk nl nm ox no np nq oy ns nt nu gn bk">First, we’ll be restricting some kinds of commercial activity that have been allowed in the past, such as sponsorships and links that are mainly promotional. Medium’s business has been ad-free for more than a year now. But some “ad-like” remnants that had value in the past are now less aligned with Medium’s model of using subscriptions and a metered paywall to provide the best quality user experience. This means eliminating certain features that are superficially free, but for which you pay with attention.</p><p id="3237" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">So, as of September 1, 2018, our policies will include:</p><ul class=""><li id="31b3" class="mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu oz pa pb bk"><strong class="mz gv">First-party promotion is allowed.</strong> You can promote your own work or goods and services you provide, like a link to your website or your book. For posts or publications run by a company (like company blogs), you can promote goods or services provided by your company.</li><li id="1df7" class="mx my gu mz b na pc nc nd ne pd ng nh ni pe nk nl nm pf no np nq pg ns nt nu oz pa pb bk"><strong class="mz gv">Third-party advertising and sponsorships are not allowed. </strong>You may not advertise or promote third-party products, services, or brands through Medium posts, publications, or letters. This includes images that indicate brand sponsorship in a post or letter, or as part of a publication name or logo.</li><li id="bfe3" class="mx my gu mz b na pc nc nd ne pd ng nh ni pe nk nl nm pf no np nq pg ns nt nu oz pa pb bk"><strong class="mz gv">Images functioning as third-party ads are not allowed.</strong> Inline images or embeds that link out and function as banner ads for third-party brands will no longer be allowed.</li><li id="81b0" class="mx my gu mz b na pc nc nd ne pd ng nh ni pe nk nl nm pf no np nq pg ns nt nu oz pa pb bk"><strong class="mz gv">You must disclose affiliate links or payment for a post. </strong>Affiliate links, such as link out to Amazon with your code, or any other link out where you will receive a commission or other value, are allowed in posts. But, you must disclose somewhere in the post that it includes affiliate links. If you have received payment, goods or services, or something else of value in exchange for writing a post, you must still disclose this fact in writing within your post (as <a class="af nv" href="https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ftcs-endorsement-guides-what-people-are-asking" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">FTC Rules and Guides</a>, and <a class="af nv" href="https://medium.com/policy/medium-rules-30e5502c4eb4" rel="noopener">Medium Rules</a> require).</li></ul><h1 id="b96e" class="nw nx gu bf ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot bk">Embedded Content</h1><p id="c3c2" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na ou nc nd ne ov ng nh ni ow nk nl nm ox no np nq oy ns nt nu gn bk">Second, in preparing to comply with GDPR (the European Union’s new General Data Protection Regulation), it led us to step back, take a fresh look at our privacy practices, and renew our efforts to make Medium trustworthy. It raised questions about what types of data collection we should and should not allow through Medium. And in other cases, it led us to think about how to channel third-party data collection on Medium to make sure our users understand as clearly as possible what information about them is captured, by whom, where it winds up, and how it might be used.</p><p id="0ae6" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">As of September 1, 2018:</p><ul class=""><li id="f120" class="mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu oz pa pb bk">Embeds that directly collect data through form fields will no longer be allowed.</li></ul><p id="0d4b" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">This includes embeds that facilitate the submission of email addresses and other personally identifying information through forms (such as Upscribe or Rabbut) and the submission of credit card information (such as Gumroad). We understand that this might make life harder for writers and publications who want to collect information directly from users. But, we believe this change is necessary to ensure that Medium readers know where their data is going and how it will be used.</p><p id="81bc" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">Going forward, if you want to collect information from your users, you will need to link out from your post on Medium to a form hosted elsewhere that makes it clear to a user that they are no longer in the Medium network. We are working with Upscribe, Rabbut, and Gumroad so that their services function in line with these Medium policies.</p><p id="363c" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">We will continue to allow embeds that display content, such as YouTube, Vimeo, Soundcloud, GitHub, and others, as explained in our <a class="af nv" href="https://help.medium.com/hc/en-us/articles/214981378-Embeds" rel="noopener">Help Center</a>. Our <a class="af nv" href="https://medium.com/policy/medium-privacy-policy-f03bf92035c9" rel="noopener">Privacy Policy</a> discusses in more detail how we treat this type of embed.</p><p id="9a2f" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">Thank you. We’re grateful for your continued use of Medium and appreciate your working with us to make Medium a place for thoughtful, high-quality stories.</p></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></article></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="ph pi ab ja"><div class="pj ab"><a class="pk ay am ao" href="https://medium.com/tag/medium?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="pl fj cx pm ge pn po bf b bg z bk pp">Medium</div></a></div><div class="pj ab"><a class="pk ay am ao" href="https://medium.com/tag/policy?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="pl fj cx pm ge pn po bf b bg z bk pp">Policy</div></a></div></div></div></div><div class="l"></div><footer class="pq pr ps pt pu ab q pv ik c"><div class="l ae"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="ab cp pw"><div class="ab q kv"><div class="px l"><span class="l py pz qa e d"><div class="ab q kv kw"><div class="pw-multi-vote-icon fj je kx ky kz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="footerClapButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fvote%2Fblog%2Faeee8ef5dacf&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&user=Medium&userId=504c7870fdb6&source=---footer_actions--aeee8ef5dacf---------------------clap_footer-----------" rel="noopener follow"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><div class="la ao lb lc ld le am lf lg lh kz"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="clap"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.37.828 12 3.282l.63-2.454zM13.916 3.953l1.523-2.112-1.184-.39zM8.589 1.84l1.522 2.112-.337-2.501zM18.523 18.92c-.86.86-1.75 1.246-2.62 1.33a6 6 0 0 0 .407-.372c2.388-2.389 2.86-4.951 1.399-7.623l-.912-1.603-.79-1.672c-.26-.56-.194-.98.203-1.288a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.546.231.728.5l2.363 4.157c.976 1.624 1.141 4.237-1.324 6.702m-10.999-.438L3.37 14.328a.828.828 0 0 1 .585-1.408.83.83 0 0 1 .585.242l2.158 2.157a.365.365 0 0 0 .516-.516l-2.157-2.158-1.449-1.449a.826.826 0 0 1 1.167-1.17l3.438 3.44a.363.363 0 0 0 .516 0 .364.364 0 0 0 0-.516L5.293 9.513l-.97-.97a.826.826 0 0 1 0-1.166.84.84 0 0 1 1.167 0l.97.968 3.437 3.436a.36.36 0 0 0 .517 0 .366.366 0 0 0 0-.516L6.977 7.83a.82.82 0 0 1-.241-.584.82.82 0 0 1 .824-.826c.219 0 .43.087.584.242l5.787 5.787a.366.366 0 0 0 .587-.415l-1.117-2.363c-.26-.56-.194-.98.204-1.289a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.545.232.727.501l2.193 3.86c1.302 2.38.883 4.59-1.277 6.75-1.156 1.156-2.602 1.627-4.19 1.367-1.418-.236-2.866-1.033-4.079-2.246M10.75 5.971l2.12 2.12c-.41.502-.465 1.17-.128 1.89l.22.465-3.523-3.523a.8.8 0 0 1-.097-.368c0-.22.086-.428.241-.584a.847.847 0 0 1 1.167 0m7.355 1.705c-.31-.461-.746-.758-1.23-.837a1.44 1.44 0 0 0-1.11.275c-.312.24-.505.543-.59.881a1.74 1.74 0 0 0-.906-.465 1.47 1.47 0 0 0-.82.106l-2.182-2.182a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.2 0 1.54 1.54 0 0 0-.396.701 1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.21-.01 1.55 1.55 0 0 0-.416.753c-.624-.624-1.649-.624-2.237-.037a1.557 1.557 0 0 0 0 2.2c-.239.1-.501.238-.715.453a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 0 2.2l.516.515a1.556 1.556 0 0 0-.753 2.615L7.01 19c1.32 1.319 2.909 2.189 4.475 2.449q.482.08.971.08c.85 0 1.653-.198 2.393-.579.231.033.46.054.686.054 1.266 0 2.457-.52 3.505-1.567 2.763-2.763 2.552-5.734 1.439-7.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></span></div><div class="pw-multi-vote-count l li lj lk ll lm ln lo"><p class="bf b dv z du"><span class="lp">--</span></p></div></div></span><span class="l h g f qb qc"><div class="ab q kv kw"><div class="pw-multi-vote-icon fj je kx ky kz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="footerClapButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fvote%2Fblog%2Faeee8ef5dacf&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&user=Medium&userId=504c7870fdb6&source=---footer_actions--aeee8ef5dacf---------------------clap_footer-----------" rel="noopener follow"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><div class="la ao lb lc ld le am lf lg lh kz"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="clap"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.37.828 12 3.282l.63-2.454zM13.916 3.953l1.523-2.112-1.184-.39zM8.589 1.84l1.522 2.112-.337-2.501zM18.523 18.92c-.86.86-1.75 1.246-2.62 1.33a6 6 0 0 0 .407-.372c2.388-2.389 2.86-4.951 1.399-7.623l-.912-1.603-.79-1.672c-.26-.56-.194-.98.203-1.288a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.546.231.728.5l2.363 4.157c.976 1.624 1.141 4.237-1.324 6.702m-10.999-.438L3.37 14.328a.828.828 0 0 1 .585-1.408.83.83 0 0 1 .585.242l2.158 2.157a.365.365 0 0 0 .516-.516l-2.157-2.158-1.449-1.449a.826.826 0 0 1 1.167-1.17l3.438 3.44a.363.363 0 0 0 .516 0 .364.364 0 0 0 0-.516L5.293 9.513l-.97-.97a.826.826 0 0 1 0-1.166.84.84 0 0 1 1.167 0l.97.968 3.437 3.436a.36.36 0 0 0 .517 0 .366.366 0 0 0 0-.516L6.977 7.83a.82.82 0 0 1-.241-.584.82.82 0 0 1 .824-.826c.219 0 .43.087.584.242l5.787 5.787a.366.366 0 0 0 .587-.415l-1.117-2.363c-.26-.56-.194-.98.204-1.289a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.545.232.727.501l2.193 3.86c1.302 2.38.883 4.59-1.277 6.75-1.156 1.156-2.602 1.627-4.19 1.367-1.418-.236-2.866-1.033-4.079-2.246M10.75 5.971l2.12 2.12c-.41.502-.465 1.17-.128 1.89l.22.465-3.523-3.523a.8.8 0 0 1-.097-.368c0-.22.086-.428.241-.584a.847.847 0 0 1 1.167 0m7.355 1.705c-.31-.461-.746-.758-1.23-.837a1.44 1.44 0 0 0-1.11.275c-.312.24-.505.543-.59.881a1.74 1.74 0 0 0-.906-.465 1.47 1.47 0 0 0-.82.106l-2.182-2.182a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.2 0 1.54 1.54 0 0 0-.396.701 1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.21-.01 1.55 1.55 0 0 0-.416.753c-.624-.624-1.649-.624-2.237-.037a1.557 1.557 0 0 0 0 2.2c-.239.1-.501.238-.715.453a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 0 2.2l.516.515a1.556 1.556 0 0 0-.753 2.615L7.01 19c1.32 1.319 2.909 2.189 4.475 2.449q.482.08.971.08c.85 0 1.653-.198 2.393-.579.231.033.46.054.686.054 1.266 0 2.457-.52 3.505-1.567 2.763-2.763 2.552-5.734 1.439-7.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></span></div><div class="pw-multi-vote-count l li lj lk ll lm ln lo"><p class="bf b dv z du"><span class="lp">--</span></p></div></div></span></div><div class="bq ab"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="ao la ls lt ab q fk lu lv" aria-label="responses"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="lr"><path d="M18.006 16.803c1.533-1.456 2.234-3.325 2.234-5.321C20.24 7.357 16.709 4 12.191 4S4 7.357 4 11.482c0 4.126 3.674 7.482 8.191 7.482.817 0 1.622-.111 2.393-.327.231.2.48.391.744.559 1.06.693 2.203 1.044 3.399 1.044.224-.008.4-.112.486-.287a.49.49 0 0 0-.042-.518c-.495-.67-.845-1.364-1.04-2.057a4 4 0 0 1-.125-.598zm-3.122 1.055-.067-.223-.315.096a8 8 0 0 1-2.311.338c-4.023 0-7.292-2.955-7.292-6.587 0-3.633 3.269-6.588 7.292-6.588 4.014 0 7.112 2.958 7.112 6.593 0 1.794-.608 3.469-2.027 4.72l-.195.168v.255c0 .056 0 .151.016.295.025.231.081.478.154.733.154.558.398 1.117.722 1.659a5.3 5.3 0 0 1-2.165-.845c-.276-.176-.714-.383-.941-.59z"></path></svg><p class="bf b bg z du"><span class="pw-responses-count lq lr">27</span></p></button></div></div></div></div><div class="ab q"><div class="qd l ix"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="footerBookmarkButton" href="https://medium.com/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Faeee8ef5dacf&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.medium.com%2Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf&source=---footer_actions--aeee8ef5dacf---------------------bookmark_footer-----------" rel="noopener follow"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="du lx" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div><div class="qd l ix"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false" aria-describedby="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-labelledby="postFooterSocialMenu"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button aria-controls="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Share Post" data-testid="footerSocialShareButton" class="af fk ah ai aj ak al mf an ao ap ex mg mh lv mi"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M15.218 4.931a.4.4 0 0 1-.118.132l.012.006a.45.45 0 0 1-.292.074.5.5 0 0 1-.3-.13l-2.02-2.02v7.07c0 .28-.23.5-.5.5s-.5-.22-.5-.5v-7.04l-2 2a.45.45 0 0 1-.57.04h-.02a.4.4 0 0 1-.16-.3.4.4 0 0 1 .1-.32l2.8-2.8a.5.5 0 0 1 .7 0l2.8 2.79a.42.42 0 0 1 .068.498m-.106.138.008.004v-.01zM16 7.063h1.5a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v10a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-11c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2v-10a2 2 0 0 1 2-2H8a.5.5 0 0 1 .35.15.5.5 0 0 1 .15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.35.15H6.4c-.5 0-.9.4-.9.9v10.2a.9.9 0 0 0 .9.9h11.2c.5 0 .9-.4.9-.9v-10.2c0-.5-.4-.9-.9-.9H16a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></footer><div class="qe qf qg qh qi l"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="qj bh r qk"></div><div class="ql l"><div class="ab qm qn qo iz iy"><div class="qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy ab cp"><div class="h k"><a href="https://blog.medium.com/?source=post_page---post_publication_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="fj ab"><img alt="The Medium Blog" class="qz ib ic cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:96:96/1*AXYe3ZfLJvIjSW7fD3Eakg.jpeg" width="48" height="48" loading="lazy"/><div class="qz l ic ib fs n fr ra"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d"><a href="https://blog.medium.com/?source=post_page---post_publication_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="fj ab"><img alt="The Medium Blog" class="qz rc rb cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:128:128/1*AXYe3ZfLJvIjSW7fD3Eakg.jpeg" width="64" height="64" loading="lazy"/><div class="qz l rb rc fs n fr ra"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d rd ix"><div class="ab"></div></div></div><div class="ab co re"><div class="rf rg rh ri rj l"><a class="af ag ah aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at ab q" href="https://blog.medium.com/?source=post_page---post_publication_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><h2 class="pw-author-name bf rl rm rn ro rp rq rr ni rs rt nm ru rv nq rw rx bk"><span class="gn rk">Published in <!-- -->The Medium Blog</span></h2></a><div class="pj ab ia"><div class="l ix"><span class="pw-follower-count bf b bg z du"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" rel="noopener follow" href="/followers?source=post_page---post_publication_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------">3.4M Followers</a></span></div><div class="bf b bg z du ab jd"><span class="ir l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" rel="noopener follow" href="/it-happened-on-medium-october-2024-roundup-90d52a89688e?source=post_page---post_publication_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------">Last published <span>Nov 14, 2024</span></a></div></div><div class="ry l"><p class="bf b bg z bk"><span class="gn">The official Medium blog.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="h k"><div class="ab"></div></div></div></div><div class="ab qm qn qo iz iy"><div class="qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy ab cp"><div class="h k"><a tabindex="0" href="https://medium.com/@Medium?source=post_page---post_author_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="l fj"><img alt="Medium" class="l fd by ic ib cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:96:96/1*4eBYLmk70ln9psBY4_bL9A.jpeg" width="48" height="48" loading="lazy"/><div class="fr by l ic ib fs n ay ra"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d"><a tabindex="0" href="https://medium.com/@Medium?source=post_page---post_author_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="l fj"><img alt="Medium" class="l fd by rb rc cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:128:128/1*4eBYLmk70ln9psBY4_bL9A.jpeg" width="64" height="64" loading="lazy"/><div class="fr by l rb rc fs n ay ra"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d rd ix"><div class="ab"><span><button class="bf b bg z rz pl sa sb sc sd se ev ew sf sg sh fa fb fc fd bm fe ff">Follow</button></span></div></div></div><div class="ab co re"><div class="rf rg rh ri rj l"><a class="af ag ah aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at ab q" href="https://medium.com/@Medium?source=post_page---post_author_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><h2 class="pw-author-name bf rl rm rn ro rp rq rr ni rs rt nm ru rv nq rw rx bk"><span class="gn rk">Written by <!-- -->Medium</span></h2></a><div class="pj ab ia"><div class="l ix"><span class="pw-follower-count bf b bg z du"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" href="https://medium.com/@Medium/followers?source=post_page---post_author_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow">1.5M Followers</a></span></div><div class="bf b bg z du ab jd"><span class="ir l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" href="https://medium.com/@Medium/following?source=post_page---post_author_info--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow">32 Following</a></div></div><div class="ry l"><p class="bf b bg z bk"><span class="gn">Everyone’s stories and ideas</span></p></div></div></div><div class="h k"><div class="ab"><span><button class="bf b bg z rz pl sa sb sc sd se ev ew sf sg sh fa fb fc fd bm fe ff">Follow</button></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="si sj sk sl sm l"><div class="qj bh r si sj sn so sp"></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="ab q cp"><h2 class="bf rl nz ob oc od of og oh oj ok ol on oo op or os bk">Responses (<!-- -->27<!-- -->)</h2><div class="ab sq"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a class="sr ss" href="https://policy.medium.com/medium-rules-30e5502c4eb4?source=post_page---post_responses--aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" viewBox="0 0 25 25"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.987 5.036a.754.754 0 0 1 .914-.01c.972.721 1.767 1.218 2.6 1.543.828.322 1.719.485 2.887.505a.755.755 0 0 1 .741.757c-.018 3.623-.43 6.256-1.449 8.21-1.034 1.984-2.662 3.209-4.966 4.083a.75.75 0 0 1-.537-.003c-2.243-.874-3.858-2.095-4.897-4.074-1.024-1.951-1.457-4.583-1.476-8.216a.755.755 0 0 1 .741-.757c1.195-.02 2.1-.182 2.923-.503.827-.322 1.6-.815 2.519-1.535m.468.903c-.897.69-1.717 1.21-2.623 1.564-.898.35-1.856.527-3.026.565.037 3.45.469 5.817 1.36 7.515.884 1.684 2.25 2.762 4.284 3.571 2.092-.81 3.465-1.89 4.344-3.575.886-1.698 1.299-4.065 1.334-7.512-1.149-.039-2.091-.217-2.99-.567-.906-.353-1.745-.873-2.683-1.561m-.009 9.155a2.672 2.672 0 1 0 0-5.344 2.672 2.672 0 0 0 0 5.344m0 1a3.672 3.672 0 1 0 0-7.344 3.672 3.672 0 0 0 0 7.344m-1.813-3.777.525-.526.916.917 1.623-1.625.526.526-2.149 2.152z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></a></div></div></div></div><div class="st l"><button class="bf b bg z bk pl su sv sw lx lu se ev ew ex sx sy sz fa ta tb tc td te fb fc fd bm fe ff">See all responses</button></div></div></div></div><div class="tf tg th ti tj l bx"><div class="h k j"><div class="qj bh tk tl"></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="tm ab kv ja"><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://help.medium.com/hc/en-us?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Help</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://medium.statuspage.io/?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Status</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://medium.com/about?autoplay=1&source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">About</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://medium.com/jobs-at-medium/work-at-medium-959d1a85284e?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Careers</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="pressinquiries@medium.com?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Press</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://blog.medium.com/?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Blog</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://policy.medium.com/medium-privacy-policy-f03bf92035c9?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Privacy</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://policy.medium.com/medium-terms-of-service-9db0094a1e0f?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Terms</p></a></div><div class="tn to l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://speechify.com/medium?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Text to speech</p></a></div><div class="tn l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://medium.com/business?source=post_page-----aeee8ef5dacf--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Teams</p></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>window.__BUILD_ID__="main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639"</script><script>window.__GRAPHQL_URI__ = "https://blog.medium.com/_/graphql"</script><script>window.__PRELOADED_STATE__ = {"algolia":{"queries":{}},"cache":{"experimentGroupSet":true,"reason":"","group":"enabled","tags":["group-edgeCachePosts","post-aeee8ef5dacf","user-504c7870fdb6","collection-15f753907972"],"serverVariantState":"44136fa355b3678a1146ad16f7e8649e94fb4fc21fe77e8310c060f61caaff8a","middlewareEnabled":true,"cacheStatus":"DYNAMIC","shouldUseCache":true,"vary":[],"lohpSummerUpsellEnabled":false,"publicationHierarchyEnabledWeb":false,"postBottomResponsesEnabled":false},"client":{"hydrated":false,"isUs":false,"isNativeMedium":false,"isSafariMobile":false,"isSafari":false,"isFirefox":false,"routingEntity":{"type":"COLLECTION","id":"15f753907972","explicit":true},"viewerIsBot":false},"debug":{"requestId":"8c838082-2ad0-46c8-a109-426fc993295d","hybridDevServices":[],"originalSpanCarrier":{"traceparent":"00-2c0624b914bb4dd7eed08dacb6f3f821-ae2f498324577b88-01"}},"multiVote":{"clapsPerPost":{}},"navigation":{"branch":{"show":null,"hasRendered":null,"blockedByCTA":false},"hideGoogleOneTap":false,"hasRenderedAlternateUserBanner":null,"currentLocation":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf","host":"blog.medium.com","hostname":"blog.medium.com","referrer":"","hasSetReferrer":false,"susiModal":{"step":null,"operation":"register"},"postRead":false,"partnerProgram":{"selectedCountryCode":null},"queryString":"","currentHash":""},"config":{"nodeEnv":"production","version":"main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639","target":"production","productName":"Medium","publicUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-client.medium.com\u002Flite","authDomain":"medium.com","authGoogleClientId":"216296035834-k1k6qe060s2tp2a2jam4ljdcms00sttg.apps.googleusercontent.com","favicon":"production","glyphUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fglyph.medium.com","branchKey":"key_live_ofxXr2qTrrU9NqURK8ZwEhknBxiI6KBm","algolia":{"appId":"MQ57UUUQZ2","apiKeySearch":"394474ced050e3911ae2249ecc774921","indexPrefix":"medium_","host":"-dsn.algolia.net"},"recaptchaKey":"6Lfc37IUAAAAAKGGtC6rLS13R1Hrw_BqADfS1LRk","recaptcha3Key":"6Lf8R9wUAAAAABMI_85Wb8melS7Zj6ziuf99Yot5","recaptchaEnterpriseKeyId":"6Le-uGgpAAAAAPprRaokM8AKthQ9KNGdoxaGUvVp","datadog":{"applicationId":"6702d87d-a7e0-42fe-bbcb-95b469547ea0","clientToken":"pub853ea8d17ad6821d9f8f11861d23dfed","rumToken":"pubf9cc52896502b9413b68ba36fc0c7162","context":{"deployment":{"target":"production","tag":"main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639","commit":"7bcdc08639c179dc5172558201a3fd3abc1b5db6"}},"datacenter":"us"},"googleAnalyticsCode":"G-7JY7T788PK","googlePay":{"apiVersion":"2","apiVersionMinor":"0","merchantId":"BCR2DN6TV7EMTGBM","merchantName":"Medium","instanceMerchantId":"13685562959212738550"},"applePay":{"version":3},"signInWallCustomDomainCollectionIds":["3a8144eabfe3","336d898217ee","61061eb0c96b","138adf9c44c","819cc2aaeee0"],"mediumMastodonDomainName":"me.dm","mediumOwnedAndOperatedCollectionIds":["8a9336e5bb4","b7e45b22fec3","193b68bd4fba","8d6b8a439e32","54c98c43354d","3f6ecf56618","d944778ce714","92d2092dc598","ae2a65f35510","1285ba81cada","544c7006046e","fc8964313712","40187e704f1c","88d9857e584e","7b6769f2748b","bcc38c8f6edf","cef6983b292","cb8577c9149e","444d13b52878","713d7dbc99b0","ef8e90590e66","191186aaafa0","55760f21cdc5","9dc80918cc93","bdc4052bbdba","8ccfed20cbb2"],"tierOneDomains":["medium.com","thebolditalic.com","arcdigital.media","towardsdatascience.com","uxdesign.cc","codeburst.io","psiloveyou.xyz","writingcooperative.com","entrepreneurshandbook.co","prototypr.io","betterhumans.coach.me","theascent.pub"],"topicsToFollow":["d61cf867d93f","8a146bc21b28","1eca0103fff3","4d562ee63426","aef1078a3ef5","e15e46793f8d","6158eb913466","55f1c20aba7a","3d18b94f6858","4861fee224fd","63c6f1f93ee","1d98b3a9a871","decb52b64abf","ae5d4995e225","830cded25262"],"topicToTagMappings":{"accessibility":"accessibility","addiction":"addiction","android-development":"android-development","art":"art","artificial-intelligence":"artificial-intelligence","astrology":"astrology","basic-income":"basic-income","beauty":"beauty","biotech":"biotech","blockchain":"blockchain","books":"books","business":"business","cannabis":"cannabis","cities":"cities","climate-change":"climate-change","comics":"comics","coronavirus":"coronavirus","creativity":"creativity","cryptocurrency":"cryptocurrency","culture":"culture","cybersecurity":"cybersecurity","data-science":"data-science","design":"design","digital-life":"digital-life","disability":"disability","economy":"economy","education":"education","equality":"equality","family":"family","feminism":"feminism","fiction":"fiction","film":"film","fitness":"fitness","food":"food","freelancing":"freelancing","future":"future","gadgets":"gadgets","gaming":"gaming","gun-control":"gun-control","health":"health","history":"history","humor":"humor","immigration":"immigration","ios-development":"ios-development","javascript":"javascript","justice":"justice","language":"language","leadership":"leadership","lgbtqia":"lgbtqia","lifestyle":"lifestyle","machine-learning":"machine-learning","makers":"makers","marketing":"marketing","math":"math","media":"media","mental-health":"mental-health","mindfulness":"mindfulness","money":"money","music":"music","neuroscience":"neuroscience","nonfiction":"nonfiction","outdoors":"outdoors","parenting":"parenting","pets":"pets","philosophy":"philosophy","photography":"photography","podcasts":"podcast","poetry":"poetry","politics":"politics","privacy":"privacy","product-management":"product-management","productivity":"productivity","programming":"programming","psychedelics":"psychedelics","psychology":"psychology","race":"race","relationships":"relationships","religion":"religion","remote-work":"remote-work","san-francisco":"san-francisco","science":"science","self":"self","self-driving-cars":"self-driving-cars","sexuality":"sexuality","social-media":"social-media","society":"society","software-engineering":"software-engineering","space":"space","spirituality":"spirituality","sports":"sports","startups":"startup","style":"style","technology":"technology","transportation":"transportation","travel":"travel","true-crime":"true-crime","tv":"tv","ux":"ux","venture-capital":"venture-capital","visual-design":"visual-design","work":"work","world":"world","writing":"writing"},"defaultImages":{"avatar":{"imageId":"1*dmbNkD5D-u45r44go_cf0g.png","height":150,"width":150},"orgLogo":{"imageId":"7*V1_7XP4snlmqrc_0Njontw.png","height":110,"width":500},"postLogo":{"imageId":"bd978bb536350a710e8efb012513429cabdc4c28700604261aeda246d0f980b7","height":810,"width":1440},"postPreviewImage":{"imageId":"1*hn4v1tCaJy7cWMyb0bpNpQ.png","height":386,"width":579}},"collectionStructuredData":{"8d6b8a439e32":{"name":"Elemental","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F980\u002F1*9ygdqoKprhwuTVKUM0DLPA@2x.png","width":980,"height":159}}},"3f6ecf56618":{"name":"Forge","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F596\u002F1*uULpIlImcO5TDuBZ6lm7Lg@2x.png","width":596,"height":183}}},"ae2a65f35510":{"name":"GEN","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F264\u002F1*RdVZMdvfV3YiZTw6mX7yWA.png","width":264,"height":140}}},"88d9857e584e":{"name":"LEVEL","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*JqYMhNX6KNNb2UlqGqO2WQ.png","width":540,"height":108}}},"7b6769f2748b":{"name":"Marker","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F383\u002F1*haCUs0wF6TgOOvfoY-jEoQ@2x.png","width":383,"height":92}}},"444d13b52878":{"name":"OneZero","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*cw32fIqCbRWzwJaoQw6BUg.png","width":540,"height":123}}},"8ccfed20cbb2":{"name":"Zora","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*tZUQqRcCCZDXjjiZ4bDvgQ.png","width":540,"height":106}}}},"embeddedPostIds":{"coronavirus":"cd3010f9d81f"},"sharedCdcMessaging":{"COVID_APPLICABLE_TAG_SLUGS":[],"COVID_APPLICABLE_TOPIC_NAMES":[],"COVID_APPLICABLE_TOPIC_NAMES_FOR_TOPIC_PAGE":[],"COVID_MESSAGES":{"tierA":{"text":"For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":66,"end":73,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"tierB":{"text":"Anyone can publish on Medium per our Policies, but we don’t fact-check every story. For more info about the coronavirus, see cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":37,"end":45,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Fcategories\u002F201931128-Policies-Safety"},{"start":125,"end":132,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"paywall":{"text":"This article has been made free for everyone, thanks to Medium Members. For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":56,"end":70,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fmembership"},{"start":138,"end":145,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"unbound":{"text":"This article is free for everyone, thanks to Medium Members. For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":45,"end":59,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fmembership"},{"start":127,"end":134,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]}},"COVID_BANNER_POST_ID_OVERRIDE_WHITELIST":["3b31a67bff4a"]},"sharedVoteMessaging":{"TAGS":["politics","election-2020","government","us-politics","election","2020-presidential-race","trump","donald-trump","democrats","republicans","congress","republican-party","democratic-party","biden","joe-biden","maga"],"TOPICS":["politics","election"],"MESSAGE":{"text":"Find out more about the U.S. election results here.","markups":[{"start":46,"end":50,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fcookpolitical.com\u002F2020-national-popular-vote-tracker"}]},"EXCLUDE_POSTS":["397ef29e3ca5"]},"embedPostRules":[],"recircOptions":{"v1":{"limit":3},"v2":{"limit":8}},"braintreeClientKey":"production_zjkj96jm_m56f8fqpf7ngnrd4","braintree":{"enabled":true,"merchantId":"m56f8fqpf7ngnrd4","merchantAccountId":{"usd":"AMediumCorporation_instant","eur":"amediumcorporation_EUR","cad":"amediumcorporation_CAD"},"publicKey":"ds2nn34bg2z7j5gd","braintreeEnvironment":"production","dashboardUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.braintreegateway.com\u002Fmerchants","gracePeriodDurationInDays":14,"mediumMembershipPlanId":{"monthly":"ce105f8c57a3","monthlyV2":"e8a5e126-792b-4ee6-8fba-d574c1b02fc5","monthlyWithTrial":"d5ee3dbe3db8","monthlyPremium":"fa741a9b47a2","yearly":"a40ad4a43185","yearlyV2":"3815d7d6-b8ca-4224-9b8c-182f9047866e","yearlyStaff":"d74fb811198a","yearlyWithTrial":"b3bc7350e5c7","yearlyPremium":"e21bd2c12166","monthlyOneYearFree":"e6c0637a-2bad-4171-ab4f-3c268633d83c","monthly25PercentOffFirstYear":"235ecc62-0cdb-49ae-9378-726cd21c504b","monthly20PercentOffFirstYear":"ba518864-9c13-4a99-91ca-411bf0cac756","monthly15PercentOffFirstYear":"594c029b-9f89-43d5-88f8-8173af4e070e","monthly10PercentOffFirstYear":"c6c7bc9a-40f2-4b51-8126-e28511d5bdb0","monthlyForStudents":"629ebe51-da7d-41fd-8293-34cd2f2030a8","yearlyOneYearFree":"78ba7be9-0d9f-4ece-aa3e-b54b826f2bf1","yearly25PercentOffFirstYear":"2dbb010d-bb8f-4eeb-ad5c-a08509f42d34","yearly20PercentOffFirstYear":"47565488-435b-47f8-bf93-40d5fbe0ebc8","yearly15PercentOffFirstYear":"8259809b-0881-47d9-acf7-6c001c7f720f","yearly10PercentOffFirstYear":"9dd694fb-96e1-472c-8d9e-3c868d5c1506","yearlyForStudents":"e29345ef-ab1c-4234-95c5-70e50fe6bc23","monthlyCad":"p52orjkaceei","yearlyCad":"h4q9g2up9ktt"},"braintreeDiscountId":{"oneMonthFree":"MONTHS_FREE_01","threeMonthsFree":"MONTHS_FREE_03","sixMonthsFree":"MONTHS_FREE_06","fiftyPercentOffOneYear":"FIFTY_PERCENT_OFF_ONE_YEAR"},"3DSecureVersion":"2","defaultCurrency":"usd","providerPlanIdCurrency":{"4ycw":"usd","rz3b":"usd","3kqm":"usd","jzw6":"usd","c2q2":"usd","nnsw":"usd","q8qw":"usd","d9y6":"usd","fx7w":"cad","nwf2":"cad"}},"paypalClientId":"AXj1G4fotC2GE8KzWX9mSxCH1wmPE3nJglf4Z2ig_amnhvlMVX87otaq58niAg9iuLktVNF_1WCMnN7v","paypal":{"host":"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.paypal.com:443","clientMode":"production","serverMode":"live","webhookId":"4G466076A0294510S","monthlyPlan":{"planId":"P-9WR0658853113943TMU5FDQA","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"yearlyPlan":{"planId":"P-7N8963881P8875835MU5JOPQ","name":"Medium Membership (Annual) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"oneYearGift":{"name":"Medium Membership (1 Year, Digital Gift Code)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Gift codes can be redeemed at medium.com\u002Fredeem.","price":"50.00","currency":"USD","sku":"membership-gift-1-yr"},"oldMonthlyPlan":{"planId":"P-96U02458LM656772MJZUVH2Y","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"oldYearlyPlan":{"planId":"P-59P80963JF186412JJZU3SMI","name":"Medium Membership (Annual)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"monthlyPlanWithTrial":{"planId":"P-66C21969LR178604GJPVKUKY","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"yearlyPlanWithTrial":{"planId":"P-6XW32684EX226940VKCT2MFA","name":"Medium Membership (Annual) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"oldMonthlyPlanNoSetupFee":{"planId":"P-4N046520HR188054PCJC7LJI","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"oldYearlyPlanNoSetupFee":{"planId":"P-7A4913502Y5181304CJEJMXQ","name":"Medium Membership (Annual)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"sdkUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.paypal.com\u002Fsdk\u002Fjs"},"stripePublishableKey":"pk_live_7FReX44VnNIInZwrIIx6ghjl","log":{"json":true,"level":"info"},"imageUploadMaxSizeMb":25,"staffPicks":{"title":"Staff Picks","catalogId":"c7bc6e1ee00f"}},"session":{"xsrf":""}}</script><script>window.__APOLLO_STATE__ = {"ROOT_QUERY":{"__typename":"Query","viewer":null,"collectionByDomainOrSlug({\"domainOrSlug\":\"blog.medium.com\"})":{"__ref":"Collection:15f753907972"},"postResult({\"id\":\"aeee8ef5dacf\"})":{"__ref":"Post:aeee8ef5dacf"}},"ImageMetadata:":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"","alt":null,"focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"originalHeight":null,"originalWidth":null},"Collection:15f753907972":{"__typename":"Collection","id":"15f753907972","favicon":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:"},"customStyleSheet":null,"colorPalette":{"__typename":"ColorPalette","highlightSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFFFFFFF","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE8F3E8","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE8F3E8","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFD1E7D1","point":0.6},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFA3D0A2","point":1}]},"defaultBackgroundSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF1A8917","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF11800E","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF0F730C","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF095407","point":1}]},"tintBackgroundSpectrum":null},"domain":"blog.medium.com","slug":"blog","googleAnalyticsId":null,"editors":[{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:a32c340ea342"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:adeddd83f452"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:c388f85fe2b"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:11ba4fd53be0"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:3c6a3fa3a112"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:9b63206eb11c"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:a3f986d95358"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:420c0057bf5f"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:7cf52203990f"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:64e62607a990"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:58d4839b7777"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:e7699e43350b"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:e15a7f0e2b98"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:d241d82049f5"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:d5c3ddbb2482"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:a870c0c34e46"}}],"name":"The Medium Blog","avatar":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*AXYe3ZfLJvIjSW7fD3Eakg.jpeg"},"description":"The official Medium blog.","subscriberCount":3411971,"latestPostsConnection({\"paging\":{\"limit\":1}})":{"__typename":"PostConnection","posts":[{"__ref":"Post:90d52a89688e"}]},"viewerEdge":{"__ref":"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:15f753907972-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c"},"twitterUsername":null,"facebookPageId":null,"logo":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:"}},"User:a32c340ea342":{"__typename":"User","id":"a32c340ea342","customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"MediumStaff"},"User:adeddd83f452":{"__typename":"User","id":"adeddd83f452"},"User:c388f85fe2b":{"__typename":"User","id":"c388f85fe2b"},"User:11ba4fd53be0":{"__typename":"User","id":"11ba4fd53be0"},"User:3c6a3fa3a112":{"__typename":"User","id":"3c6a3fa3a112"},"User:9b63206eb11c":{"__typename":"User","id":"9b63206eb11c"},"User:a3f986d95358":{"__typename":"User","id":"a3f986d95358"},"User:420c0057bf5f":{"__typename":"User","id":"420c0057bf5f"},"User:7cf52203990f":{"__typename":"User","id":"7cf52203990f"},"User:64e62607a990":{"__typename":"User","id":"64e62607a990"},"User:58d4839b7777":{"__typename":"User","id":"58d4839b7777"},"User:e7699e43350b":{"__typename":"User","id":"e7699e43350b"},"User:e15a7f0e2b98":{"__typename":"User","id":"e15a7f0e2b98"},"User:d241d82049f5":{"__typename":"User","id":"d241d82049f5"},"User:d5c3ddbb2482":{"__typename":"User","id":"d5c3ddbb2482"},"User:a870c0c34e46":{"__typename":"User","id":"a870c0c34e46"},"ImageMetadata:1*AXYe3ZfLJvIjSW7fD3Eakg.jpeg":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*AXYe3ZfLJvIjSW7fD3Eakg.jpeg"},"Post:90d52a89688e":{"__typename":"Post","id":"90d52a89688e","firstPublishedAt":1731608433700,"creator":{"__ref":"User:a32c340ea342"},"collection":{"__ref":"Collection:15f753907972"},"isSeries":false,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002Fit-happened-on-medium-october-2024-roundup-90d52a89688e","sequence":null,"uniqueSlug":"it-happened-on-medium-october-2024-roundup-90d52a89688e"},"LinkedAccounts:504c7870fdb6":{"__typename":"LinkedAccounts","mastodon":null,"id":"504c7870fdb6"},"UserViewerEdge:userId:504c7870fdb6-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:504c7870fdb6-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c","isFollowing":false,"isUser":false,"isMuting":false},"NewsletterV3:617d850a6582":{"__typename":"NewsletterV3","id":"617d850a6582","type":"NEWSLETTER_TYPE_AUTHOR","slug":"504c7870fdb6","name":"504c7870fdb6","collection":null,"user":{"__ref":"User:504c7870fdb6"}},"User:504c7870fdb6":{"__typename":"User","id":"504c7870fdb6","name":"Medium","username":"Medium","newsletterV3":{"__ref":"NewsletterV3:617d850a6582"},"linkedAccounts":{"__ref":"LinkedAccounts:504c7870fdb6"},"isSuspended":false,"imageId":"1*4eBYLmk70ln9psBY4_bL9A.jpeg","mediumMemberAt":0,"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"socialStats":{"__typename":"SocialStats","followerCount":1514955,"followingCount":3,"collectionFollowingCount":29},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"bio":"Everyone’s stories and ideas","isPartnerProgramEnrolled":false,"viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:504c7870fdb6-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c"},"viewerIsUser":false,"postSubscribeMembershipUpsellShownAt":0,"membership":null,"allowNotes":true,"twitterScreenName":"Medium"},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_0":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_0","name":"3b89","type":"H3","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Ad-Free Medium","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_1":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_1","name":"b379","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"We’ve been putting our energy at Medium into improving quality — hosting more thoughtful and carefully written content, and improving the reading experience. We want to eliminate distractions that get in the way of reading flow and reduce distortions that could undermine your trust in what you read on Medium.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":23,"end":39,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002Fthe-medium-model-3ec28c6f603a","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_2":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_2","name":"6973","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"To that end, we‘re adjusting our policies related to commercial content.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_3":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_3","name":"04e5","type":"H3","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Ads, Promotions, and Marketing","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_4":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_4","name":"6b7b","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"First, we’ll be restricting some kinds of commercial activity that have been allowed in the past, such as sponsorships and links that are mainly promotional. Medium’s business has been ad-free for more than a year now. But some “ad-like” remnants that had value in the past are now less aligned with Medium’s model of using subscriptions and a metered paywall to provide the best quality user experience. This means eliminating certain features that are superficially free, but for which you pay with attention.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_5":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_5","name":"3237","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"So, as of September 1, 2018, our policies will include:","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_6":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_6","name":"31b3","type":"ULI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"First-party promotion is allowed. You can promote your own work or goods and services you provide, like a link to your website or your book. For posts or publications run by a company (like company blogs), you can promote goods or services provided by your company.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":33,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_7":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_7","name":"1df7","type":"ULI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Third-party advertising and sponsorships are not allowed. You may not advertise or promote third-party products, services, or brands through Medium posts, publications, or letters. This includes images that indicate brand sponsorship in a post or letter, or as part of a publication name or logo.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":58,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_8":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_8","name":"bfe3","type":"ULI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Images functioning as third-party ads are not allowed. Inline images or embeds that link out and function as banner ads for third-party brands will no longer be allowed.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":54,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_9":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_9","name":"81b0","type":"ULI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"You must disclose affiliate links or payment for a post. Affiliate links, such as link out to Amazon with your code, or any other link out where you will receive a commission or other value, are allowed in posts. But, you must disclose somewhere in the post that it includes affiliate links. If you have received payment, goods or services, or something else of value in exchange for writing a post, you must still disclose this fact in writing within your post (as FTC Rules and Guides, and Medium Rules require).","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":466,"end":486,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ftc.gov\u002Ftips-advice\u002Fbusiness-center\u002Fguidance\u002Fftcs-endorsement-guides-what-people-are-asking","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":492,"end":504,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fpolicy\u002Fmedium-rules-30e5502c4eb4","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":57,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_10":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_10","name":"b96e","type":"H3","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Embedded Content","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_11":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_11","name":"c3c2","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Second, in preparing to comply with GDPR (the European Union’s new General Data Protection Regulation), it led us to step back, take a fresh look at our privacy practices, and renew our efforts to make Medium trustworthy. It raised questions about what types of data collection we should and should not allow through Medium. And in other cases, it led us to think about how to channel third-party data collection on Medium to make sure our users understand as clearly as possible what information about them is captured, by whom, where it winds up, and how it might be used.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_12":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_12","name":"0ae6","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"As of September 1, 2018:","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_13":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_13","name":"f120","type":"ULI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Embeds that directly collect data through form fields will no longer be allowed.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_14":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_14","name":"0d4b","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"This includes embeds that facilitate the submission of email addresses and other personally identifying information through forms (such as Upscribe or Rabbut) and the submission of credit card information (such as Gumroad). We understand that this might make life harder for writers and publications who want to collect information directly from users. But, we believe this change is necessary to ensure that Medium readers know where their data is going and how it will be used.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_15":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_15","name":"81bc","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Going forward, if you want to collect information from your users, you will need to link out from your post on Medium to a form hosted elsewhere that makes it clear to a user that they are no longer in the Medium network. We are working with Upscribe, Rabbut, and Gumroad so that their services function in line with these Medium policies.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_16":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_16","name":"363c","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"We will continue to allow embeds that display content, such as YouTube, Vimeo, Soundcloud, GitHub, and others, as explained in our Help Center. Our Privacy Policy discusses in more detail how we treat this type of embed.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":131,"end":142,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F214981378-Embeds","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":148,"end":162,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fpolicy\u002Fmedium-privacy-policy-f03bf92035c9","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_17":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"667b7f15a0ba_17","name":"9a2f","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Thank you. We’re grateful for your continued use of Medium and appreciate your working with us to make Medium a place for thoughtful, high-quality stories.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:15f753907972-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c":{"__typename":"CollectionViewerEdge","id":"collectionId:15f753907972-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c","isEditor":false,"isMuting":false},"PostViewerEdge:postId:aeee8ef5dacf-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c":{"__typename":"PostViewerEdge","shouldIndexPostForExternalSearch":true,"id":"postId:aeee8ef5dacf-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c"},"Tag:medium":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"medium","displayTitle":"Medium","normalizedTagSlug":"medium"},"Tag:policy":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"policy","displayTitle":"Policy","normalizedTagSlug":"policy"},"Post:aeee8ef5dacf":{"__typename":"Post","id":"aeee8ef5dacf","collection":{"__ref":"Collection:15f753907972"},"content({\"postMeteringOptions\":{}})":{"__typename":"PostContent","isLockedPreviewOnly":false,"bodyModel":{"__typename":"RichText","sections":[{"__typename":"Section","name":"8d00","startIndex":0,"textLayout":null,"imageLayout":null,"backgroundImage":null,"videoLayout":null,"backgroundVideo":null}],"paragraphs":[{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_0"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_1"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_2"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_3"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_4"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_5"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_6"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_7"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_8"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_9"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_10"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_11"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_12"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_13"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_14"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_15"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_16"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:667b7f15a0ba_17"}]},"validatedShareKey":"","shareKeyCreator":null},"creator":{"__ref":"User:504c7870fdb6"},"inResponseToEntityType":null,"isLocked":false,"isMarkedPaywallOnly":false,"lockedSource":"LOCKED_POST_SOURCE_NONE","mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002Fad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf","primaryTopic":null,"topics":[{"__typename":"Topic","slug":"marketing"}],"isPublished":true,"latestPublishedVersion":"667b7f15a0ba","visibility":"PUBLIC","postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":27},"clapCount":3253,"allowResponses":true,"isLimitedState":false,"title":"Ad-Free Medium","isSeries":false,"sequence":null,"uniqueSlug":"ad-free-medium-aeee8ef5dacf","socialTitle":"","socialDek":"","canonicalUrl":"","metaDescription":"","latestPublishedAt":1531852667385,"readingTime":2.641509433962264,"previewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"We’ve been putting our energy at Medium into improving quality — hosting more thoughtful and carefully written content, and improving the…"},"previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:"},"isShortform":false,"seoTitle":"","firstPublishedAt":1531852667385,"updatedAt":1717466088857,"shortformType":"SHORTFORM_TYPE_LINK","seoDescription":"","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"PostViewerEdge:postId:aeee8ef5dacf-viewerId:lo_35b153981d9c"},"isSuspended":false,"license":"ALL_RIGHTS_RESERVED","tags":[{"__ref":"Tag:medium"},{"__ref":"Tag:policy"}],"isNewsletter":false,"statusForCollection":"APPROVED","pendingCollection":null,"detectedLanguage":"en","wordCount":700,"layerCake":4,"responsesLocked":false}}</script><script>window.__MIDDLEWARE_STATE__={"session":{"xsrf":""},"cache":{"cacheStatus":"EXPIRED"}}</script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/manifest.b2314f6d.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9865.1496d74a.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/main.24534aeb.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/instrumentation.d9108df7.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/reporting.ff22a7a5.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9120.5df29668.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5049.d1ead72d.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/4810.6318add7.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6618.db187378.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2707.b0942613.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9977.5b3eb23a.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8599.1ab63137.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5250.9f9e01d2.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6349.b071a958.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2648.26563adf.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8393.826a25fb.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7079.67349d50.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/3735.afb7e926.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5642.a2d9f6a1.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6546.cd03f950.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6834.08de95de.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7346.72622eb9.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2420.2a5e2d95.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/839.ca7937c2.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7975.d195c6f1.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2106.21ff89d3.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7394.3d049572.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2961.00a48598.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8204.c4082863.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/4391.59acaed3.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/PostPage.MainContent.c8a11795.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8414.6565ad5f.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/3974.8d3e0217.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2527.a0afad8a.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/PostResponsesContent.36c2ecf4.chunk.js"></script><script>window.main();</script><script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e725ac86f9e6bc4',t:'MTczMjM3NzQ0My4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body></html>