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Arvid Carlsson - Wikipedia
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class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arvid Carlsson</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 50 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="أرفيد كارلسون – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أرفيد كارلسون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="ارفيد كارلسون – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ارفيد كارلسون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Karlsson" title="Arvid Karlsson – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Arvid Karlsson" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="آروید کارلسون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آروید کارلسون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Арвід Карлсан – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арвід Карлсан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Арвид Карлсон – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Арвид Карлсон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8" title="আরভিড কার্লসন – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আরভিড কার্লসন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="آروید کارلسون – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آروید کارلسون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%93_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F" title="ארוויד קרלסון – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארוויד קרלסון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%93%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3" title="アルビド・カールソン – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アルビド・カールソン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Арвид Карлссон – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Арвид Карлссон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EC%B9%BC%EC%86%90" title="아르비드 칼손 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아르비드 칼손" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="آروید کارلسون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آروید کارلسون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Карлссон, Арвид – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карлссон, Арвид" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Арвид Карлссон – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Арвид Карлссон" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Арвід Карлссон – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арвід Карлссон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86" title="اروڈ کارلسن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اروڈ کارلسن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%93_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="არვიდ კარლსონი – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="არვიდ კარლსონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Arvid Carlsson" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E6%A3%AE" title="阿尔维德·卡尔森 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿尔维德·卡尔森" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q298045#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" 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lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobelprijswinnaar"><img alt="Nobelprijswinnaar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/25px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/38px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/50px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span>  Arvid Carlsson </th></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/25_januari" title="25 januari">25 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> – <a href="/wiki/29_juni" title="29 juni">29 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Arvid Carlsson (2011)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg/266px-Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg/399px-Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg/532px-Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3641" data-file-height="2823" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Arvid Carlsson (2011).</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboorteland </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Zweden" title="Zweden">Zweden</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboorteplaats </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Uppsala_(stad)" title="Uppsala (stad)">Uppsala</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Overlijdensplaats </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6teborg_(stad)" title="Göteborg (stad)">Göteborg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nobelprijs </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde">Fysiologie of Geneeskunde</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Jaar </th> <td colspan="2">2000 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Reden </th> <td colspan="2">Voor het bewijzen dat <a href="/wiki/Dopamine" title="Dopamine">dopamine</a> een <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurotransmitter">neurotransmitter</a> is in de hersenen, die leidt tot symptomen van de <a href="/wiki/Ziekte_van_Parkinson" title="Ziekte van Parkinson">ziekte van Parkinson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Gedeeld met </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Paul Greengard</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Eric Kandel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="nowrap">Voorganger(s)</span> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Günter Blobel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger(s) </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Leland_Hartwell" class="mw-redirect" title="Leland Hartwell">Leland Hartwell</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Tim Hunt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Paul Nurse</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Geneeskunde" title="Portaal:Geneeskunde">Geneeskunde</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Arvid Carlsson</b> (<a href="/wiki/Uppsala_(stad)" title="Uppsala (stad)">Uppsala</a>, <a href="/wiki/25_januari" title="25 januari">25 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> – <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6teborg_(stad)" title="Göteborg (stad)">Göteborg</a>, <a href="/wiki/29_juni" title="29 juni">29 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was een <a href="/wiki/Zweden" title="Zweden">Zweeds</a> <a href="/wiki/Wetenschapper" title="Wetenschapper">wetenschapper</a> en <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs" title="Nobelprijs">Nobelprijswinnaar</a>. Hij is vooral bekend om zijn werk op het gebied van de <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurotransmitter">neurotransmitter</a> <a href="/wiki/Dopamine" title="Dopamine">dopamine</a>, en de effecten hiervan op de <a href="/wiki/Ziekte_van_Parkinson" title="Ziekte van Parkinson">ziekte van Parkinson</a>. Voor dit onderzoek kreeg hij in 2000 de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde">Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barondes_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barondes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hij deelde de prijs met <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Eric Kandel</a> en <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Paul Greengard</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvid_Carlsson&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvid_Carlsson&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Biografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carlsson werd geboren als zoon van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gottfrid_Carlsson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gottfrid Carlsson (de pagina bestaat niet)">Gottfrid Carlsson</a>, een <a href="/wiki/Historicus" title="Historicus">historicus</a> en professor aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Lund" title="Universiteit van Lund">Universiteit van Lund</a>. Aan deze universiteit begon Carlsson in 1941 zijn medische studie. In 1944 nam hij deel aan het onderzoeken van enkele gevangenen uit <a href="/wiki/Concentratiekamp" title="Concentratiekamp">naziconcentratiekampen</a>, die door <a href="/wiki/Folke_Bernadotte" title="Folke Bernadotte">Folke Bernadotte</a> naar Zweden waren gehaald. </p><p>Hoewel Zweden tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Tweede_Wereldoorlog" title="Tweede Wereldoorlog">Tweede Wereldoorlog</a> neutraal bleef, werd Carlssons wel opgeroepen voor dienst in het Zweedse leger. Dit vertraagde zijn studie met enkele jaren. In 1951 haalde hij zijn M.L. (de Zweedse tegenhanger van de <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Medicine" title="Doctor of Medicine">M.D.</a>) en zijn M.D. (de Zweedse versie van de <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D.</a>). Na zijn studie werkte hij nog tot 1959 als hoogleraar aan de Universiteit van Lund. Daarna werd hij hoogleraar aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_G%C3%B6teborg" title="Universiteit van Göteborg">Universiteit van Göteborg</a>, waar hij aanbleef tot zijn emeritaat in 1989. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Werk">Werk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvid_Carlsson&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Werk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvid_Carlsson&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Werk"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> demonstreerde Carlsson dat dopamine een neurotransmitter is die zich in de <a href="/wiki/Hersenen" title="Hersenen">hersenen</a> bevindt en signalen overdraagt van de ene naar de andere <a href="/wiki/Zenuwcel" title="Zenuwcel">zenuwcel</a>. Tot dusver werd nog aangenomen dat dopamine een <a href="/wiki/Precursor" title="Precursor">precursor</a> was van een andere neurotransmitter, <a href="/wiki/Noradrenaline" title="Noradrenaline">noradrenaline</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid13483658_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid13483658-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid17522649_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17522649-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Terwijl hij werkte bij <a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">Astra AB</a>, slaagden Carlsson en zijn collega’s erin om de eerste op de markt gebrachte <a href="/wiki/Selectieve_serotonine-heropnameremmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Selectieve serotonine-heropnameremmer">selectieve serotonine-heropnameremmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zimelidine" title="Zimelidine">zimelidine</a>, te <a href="/wiki/Derivaat_(scheikunde)" title="Derivaat (scheikunde)">deriveren</a> uit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brompheniramine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brompheniramine (de pagina bestaat niet)">brompheniramine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barondes_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barondes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carlsson ontwikkelde een methode om de hoeveelheid dopamine in hersenweefsel te meten. Hij ontdekte dat het dopaminegehalte in de <a href="/wiki/Basale_ganglia" title="Basale ganglia">basale ganglia</a>, het gedeelte van de hersenen dat bewegingen aanstuurt, erg hoog was. Hij toonde vervolgens aan dat dieren die de drug <a href="/wiki/Reserpine" title="Reserpine">reserpine</a> kregen, die het dopaminegehalte in de basale ganglia deed afnemen, minder controle hadden over hun bewegingen. Deze effecten waren vergelijkbaar met die van mensen die leden aan de ziekte van Parkinson. Door dezelfde dieren <a href="/wiki/Levodopa" title="Levodopa">levodopa</a> (L-dopa), een precursor van dopamine, te geven, kon hij de effecten weer ongedaan maken. Deze ontdekking zorgde ervoor dat artsen mensen met de ziekte van Parkinson levodopa gingen geven in de hoop de symptomen te verzwakken. Dit bleek bij een vroeg stadium van de ziekte te werken.<sup id="cite_ref-Barondes_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barondes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carlsson was een uitgesproken tegenstander van <a href="/wiki/Fluoridering" title="Fluoridering">fluoridering</a>, het toevoegen van <a href="/wiki/Fluoride" title="Fluoride">fluoride</a> aan drinkwater, omdat hij bezorgd was over de giftigheid ervan en het (volgens hem) geen toegevoegde waarde biedt tegen tandbederf. Samen met 1700 andere gezondheidsprofessionals tekende hij een petitie om dit stop te zetten.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In de verklaring zei hij: <i>“Fluoridation is against all modern principles of pharmacology. It’s obsolete. I don’t think anybody in Sweden, not a single dentist, would bring up this question anymore.”</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_link">Externe link</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvid_Carlsson&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe link" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvid_Carlsson&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe link"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2000/carlsson/auto-biography/">Arvid Carlsson – Biographical</a>. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2018.</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <ul><li>Dit artikel of een eerdere versie ervan is een (gedeeltelijke) vertaling van het artikel <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson?oldid=">Arvid Carlsson</a> op de Engelstalige Wikipedia, dat onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a> valt. Zie de <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson?action=history">bewerkingsgeschiedenis</a></span> aldaar.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r66936091">.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding{color:#ff0000;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding span{font-size:larger}</style></li> <li><i>Les Prix Nobel</i>. 2001. The Nobel Prizes 2000, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, Nobel Foundation: Stockholm.</li></ul> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701030548/https://sahlgrenska.gu.se/english/research/researchers/arvid-carlsson">In memory of Arvid Carlsson (1923-2018)</a>. Sahlgrenska Academy. Gearchiveerd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2018-07-01">1 juli 2018</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2018-07-01">1 juli 2018</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barondes-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Barondes_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barondes_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barondes_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFBarondes2003_21-22,_39-40"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Barondes, Samuel H.</span> (2003). <cite><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betterthanprozac0000unse">Better Than Prozac</a></i></cite>. Oxford University Press, New York, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betterthanprozac0000unse/page/21">21-22</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betterthanprozac0000unse/page/39">39-40</a>. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/0-19-515130-5" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/0-19-515130-5">ISBN 0-19-515130-5</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid13483658-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid13483658_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFArvid_Carlsson,_Margit_Lindqvist,_Tor_Magnusson1957"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Arvid Carlsson, Margit Lindqvist, Tor Magnusson</span> (November 1957). <cite><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v180/n4596/abs/1801200a0.html">3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine and 5-hydroxytryptophan as reserpine antagonists</a></cite>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i> <b>180</b> (4596): 1200. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13483658">13483658</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/1801200a0">10.1038/1801200a0</a>.  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170508083402/http://www.nature.com:80/nature/journal/v180/n4596/abs/1801200a0.html">Gearchiveerd van origineel</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-05-08">8 mei 2017</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid17522649-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid17522649_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFAbbott_A2007"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Abbott A</span> (2007). <cite><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v447/n7143/full/447368a.html">Neuroscience: the molecular wake-up call</a></cite>. <i>Nature</i> <b>447</b> (7143): 368–70. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17522649">17522649</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/447368a">10.1038/447368a</a>.  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081022045328/http://www.nature.com:80/nature/journal/v447/n7143/full/447368a.html">Gearchiveerd van origineel</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2008-10-22">22 oktober 2008</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2008-09-28">28 september 2008</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207065735/http://www.fluoridealert.org/professionals.statement.html">Over 1,700 Professionals Call for an End to Fluoridation of Drinking Water, Fluoride Action Network</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.svd.se/nyheter/inrikes/artikel_498843.svd">Fluoride in drinking water can cause cancer, Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish)</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090924003449/http://www.svd.se:80/nyheter/inrikes/artikel_498843.svd">Gearchiveerd</a> op 24 september 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fluoridealert.org/issues/water/opposed/">Water Fluoridation</a>, Fluoride Action Network <small>(Geraadpleegd op 15 juni 2015)</small>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210617202144/http://fluoridealert.org/issues/water/opposed/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 17 juni 2021.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="Winnaars_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde" data-expandtext="Uitklappen" data-collapsetext="Inklappen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_winnaars_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie winnaars van de Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Winnaars_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde" class="navigatie-titel">Winnaars van de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde">Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <p>1901: <a href="/wiki/Emil_Adolf_von_Behring" title="Emil Adolf von Behring">Behring</a> · 1902: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Ross" title="Ronald Ross">Ross</a> · 1903: <a href="/wiki/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen" title="Niels Ryberg Finsen">Finsen</a> · 1904: <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Pavlov</a> · 1905: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Koch</a> · 1906: <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Golgi" title="Camillo Golgi">Golgi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal" title="Santiago Ramón y Cajal">Ramón y Cajal</a> · 1907: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Louis_Alphonse_Laveran" title="Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran">Laveran</a> · 1908: <a href="/wiki/Ilja_Iljitsj_Metsjnikov" title="Ilja Iljitsj Metsjnikov">Mechnikov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich" title="Paul Ehrlich">Ehrlich</a> · 1909: <a href="/wiki/Emil_Theodor_Kocher" title="Emil Theodor Kocher">Kocher</a> · 1910: <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Kossel" title="Albrecht Kossel">Kossel</a> · 1911: <a href="/wiki/Allvar_Gullstrand" title="Allvar Gullstrand">Gullstrand</a> · 1912: <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Carrel</a> · 1913: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Richet" title="Charles Richet">Richet</a> · 1914: <a href="/wiki/Robert_B%C3%A1r%C3%A1ny" title="Robert Bárány">Bárány</a> · 1919: <a href="/wiki/Jules_Bordet" title="Jules Bordet">Bordet</a> · 1920: <a href="/wiki/August_Krogh" title="August Krogh">Krogh</a> · 1922: <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Hill" title="Archibald Hill">Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof" title="Otto Fritz Meyerhof">Meyerhof</a> · 1923: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Banting</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Macleod_(medicus)" title="John Macleod (medicus)">Macleod</a> · 1924: <a href="/wiki/Willem_Einthoven" title="Willem Einthoven">Einthoven</a> · 1926: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Andreas_Grib_Fibiger" title="Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger">Fibiger</a> · 1927: <a href="/wiki/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg" title="Julius Wagner-Jauregg">Wagner-Jauregg</a> · 1928: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolle" title="Charles Nicolle">Nicolle</a> · 1929: <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Eijkman" title="Christiaan Eijkman">Eijkman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins" title="Frederick Gowland Hopkins">Hopkins</a> · 1930: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Landsteiner</a> · 1931: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Heinrich_Warburg" title="Otto Heinrich Warburg">Warburg</a> · 1932: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington" title="Charles Scott Sherrington">Sherrington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Douglas_Adrian" title="Edgar Douglas Adrian">Adrian</a> · 1933: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Morgan</a> · 1934: <a href="/wiki/George_Whipple" title="George Whipple">Whipple</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Minot" title="George Minot">Minot</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Murphy" title="William Murphy">Murphy</a> · 1935: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Spemann" title="Hans Spemann">Spemann</a> · 1936: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hallett_Dale" title="Henry Hallett Dale">Dale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Loewi" title="Otto Loewi">Loewi</a> · 1937: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi" title="Albert Szent-Györgyi">Szent-Györgyi</a> · 1938: <a href="/wiki/Corneel_Heymans" title="Corneel Heymans">Heymans</a> · 1939: <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Domagk" title="Gerhard Domagk">Domagk</a> · 1943: <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Dam" title="Henrik Dam">Dam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Adelbert_Doisy" title="Edward Adelbert Doisy">Doisy</a> · 1944: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Erlanger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer_Gasser" title="Herbert Spencer Gasser">Gasser</a> · 1945: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Fleming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Boris_Chain" title="Ernst Boris Chain">Chain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Florey" title="Howard Florey">Florey</a> · 1946: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Joseph_Muller" title="Hermann Joseph Muller">Muller</a> · 1947: <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">C. Cori</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gerty_Cori" title="Gerty Cori">G. Cori</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Houssay" title="Bernardo Houssay">Houssay</a> · 1948: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Paul Hermann Müller">Müller</a> · 1949: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Rudolf_Hess" title="Walter Rudolf Hess">Hess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Egas_Moniz" title="António Egas Moniz">Moniz</a> · 1950: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Calvin_Kendall" title="Edward Calvin Kendall">Kendall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tadeus_Reichstein" title="Tadeus Reichstein">Reichstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Showalter_Hench" title="Philip Showalter Hench">Hench</a> · 1951: <a href="/wiki/Max_Theiler" title="Max Theiler">Theiler</a> · 1952: <a href="/wiki/Selman_Waksman" title="Selman Waksman">Waksman</a> · 1953: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Krebs_(arts)" title="Hans Krebs (arts)">Krebs</a>,<a href="/wiki/Fritz_Albert_Lipmann" title="Fritz Albert Lipmann">Lipmann</a> · 1954: <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">Enders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Huckle_Weller" title="Thomas Huckle Weller">Weller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chapman_Robbins" title="Frederick Chapman Robbins">Robbins</a> · 1955: <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Theorell" title="Hugo Theorell">Theorell</a> · 1956: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand" title="André Frédéric Cournand">Cournand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Werner_Forssmann" title="Werner Forssmann">Forssmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_W._Richards" title="Dickinson W. Richards">Richards</a> · 1957: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bovet" title="Daniel Bovet">Bovet</a> · 1958: <a href="/wiki/George_Wells_Beadle" title="George Wells Beadle">Beadle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lawrie_Tatum" title="Edward Lawrie Tatum">Tatum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Lederberg</a> · 1959: <a href="/wiki/Severo_Ochoa" title="Severo Ochoa">Ochoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kornberg" title="Arthur Kornberg">Kornberg</a> · 1960: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet" title="Frank Macfarlane Burnet">Burnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Medawar" title="Peter Medawar">Medawar</a> · 1961: <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy" title="Georg von Békésy">Békésy</a> · 1962: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Crick</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Watson" title="James Watson">Watson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Wilkins</a> · 1963: <a href="/wiki/John_Eccles" title="John Eccles">Eccles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin" title="Alan Lloyd Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Huxley</a> · 1964: <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Emil_Bloch" title="Konrad Emil Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feodor_Felix_Konrad_Lynen" title="Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen">Lynen</a> · 1965: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob" title="François Jacob">Jacob</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Michael_Lwoff" title="André Michael Lwoff">Lwoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Monod" title="Jacques Monod">Monod</a> · 1966: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Peyton_Rous" title="Francis Peyton Rous">Rous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brenton_Huggins" title="Charles Brenton Huggins">Huggins</a> · 1967: <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Granit" title="Ragnar Granit">Granit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline">Hartline</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Wald" title="George Wald">Wald</a> · 1968: <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Holley" title="Robert W. Holley">Holley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Khorana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Warren_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Warren Nirenberg">Nirenberg</a> · 1969: <a href="/wiki/Max_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Max Delbrück">Delbrück</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hershey" title="Alfred Hershey">Hershey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Luria" title="Salvador Luria">Luria</a> · 1970: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Katz" title="Bernard Katz">Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Svante_von_Euler" title="Ulf Svante von Euler">Euler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julius_Axelrod" title="Julius Axelrod">Axelrod</a> · 1971: <a href="/wiki/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_jr." title="Earl Wilbur Sutherland jr.">Sutherland</a> · 1972: <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Edelman" title="Gerald Edelman">Edelman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rodney_Porter" title="Rodney Porter">Porter</a> · 1973: <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Frisch" title="Karl von Frisch">Frisch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Lorenz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niko_Tinbergen" title="Niko Tinbergen">Tinbergen</a> · 1974: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Claude</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">De Duve</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Emil_Palade" title="George Emil Palade">Palade</a> · 1975: <a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Dulbecco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Martin_Temin" title="Howard Martin Temin">Temin</a> · 1976: <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Blumberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek" title="Daniel Carleton Gajdusek">Gajdusek</a> · 1977: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Guillemin" title="Roger Guillemin">Guillemin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schally" title="Andrew Schally">Schally</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Sussman_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Sussman Yalow">Yalow</a> · 1978: <a href="/wiki/Werner_Arber" title="Werner Arber">Arber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Nathans" title="Daniel Nathans">Nathans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Othanel_Smith" title="Hamilton Othanel Smith">Smith</a> · 1979: <a href="/wiki/Allan_McLeod_Cormack" title="Allan McLeod Cormack">Cormack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Hounsfield" title="Godfrey Hounsfield">Hounsfield</a> · 1980: <a href="/wiki/Baruj_Benacerraf" title="Baruj Benacerraf">Benacerraf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Dausset" title="Jean Dausset">Dausset</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Davis_Snell" title="George Davis Snell">Snell</a> · 1981: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Sperry" title="Roger Sperry">Sperry</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_H._Hubel" title="David H. Hubel">Hubel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Wiesel</a> · 1982: <a href="/wiki/Sune_Karl_Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune Karl Bergström">Bergström</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Ingemar_Samuelsson" title="Bengt Ingemar Samuelsson">Samuelsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Vane" title="John Robert Vane">Vane</a> · 1983: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">McClintock</a> · 1984: <a href="/wiki/Niels_Kaj_Jerne" title="Niels Kaj Jerne">Jerne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georges_J.F._K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges J.F. Köhler">Köhler</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" title="César Milstein">Milstein</a> · 1985: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stuart_Brown" title="Michael Stuart Brown">Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goldstein" title="Joseph Goldstein">Goldstein</a> · 1986: <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen_(biochemicus)" title="Stanley Cohen (biochemicus)">Cohen</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Levi-Montalcini</a></span> · 1987: <a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Tonegawa</a> · 1988: <a href="/wiki/James_Whyte_Black" title="James Whyte Black">Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Elion" title="Gertrude Elion">Elion</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_H._Hitchings" title="George H. Hitchings">Hitchings</a> · 1989: <a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Bishop" title="John Michael Bishop">Bishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Varmus" title="Harold E. Varmus">Varmus</a> · 1990: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Murray_(chirurg)" title="Joseph Murray (chirurg)">Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Donnall_Thomas" title="Edward Donnall Thomas">Thomas</a> · 1991: <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Neher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Sakmann</a> · 1992: <a href="/wiki/Edmond_H._Fischer" title="Edmond H. Fischer">Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Gerhard_Krebs" title="Edwin Gerhard Krebs">Krebs</a> · 1993: <a href="/wiki/Richard_John_Roberts" title="Richard John Roberts">Roberts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Allen_Sharp" title="Phillip Allen Sharp">Sharp</a> · 1994: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Goodman_Gilman" title="Alfred Goodman Gilman">Gilman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rodbell" title="Martin Rodbell">Rodbell</a> · 1995: <a href="/wiki/Edward_B._Lewis" title="Edward B. Lewis">Lewis</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Nüsslein-Volhard</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_F._Wieschaus" title="Eric F. Wieschaus">Wieschaus</a> · 1996: <a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Doherty" title="Peter C. Doherty">Doherty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rolf_M._Zinkernagel" title="Rolf M. Zinkernagel">Zinkernagel</a> · 1997: <a href="/wiki/Stanley_B._Prusiner" title="Stanley B. Prusiner">Prusiner</a> · 1998: <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Furchgott" title="Robert F. Furchgott">Furchgott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ignarro" title="Louis Ignarro">Ignarro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Murad</a> · 1999: <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Blobel</a> · 2000: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carlsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Greengard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Kandel</a> · 2001: <a href="/wiki/Leland_H._Hartwell" title="Leland H. Hartwell">Hartwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Hunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Nurse</a> · 2002: <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Brenner</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Horvitz" title="H. Robert Horvitz">Horvitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Sulston" title="John Edward Sulston">Sulston</a> · 2003: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lauterbur" title="Paul Lauterbur">Lauterbur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mansfield" title="Peter Mansfield">Mansfield</a> · 2004: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel">Axel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linda_B._Buck" title="Linda B. Buck">Buck</a> · 2005: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall">Marshall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robin_Warren" title="Robin Warren">Warren</a> · 2006: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fire" title="Andrew Fire">Fire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Mello" title="Craig Mello">Mello</a> · 2007: <a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Capecchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Smithies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Evans" title="Martin Evans">Evans</a> · 2008: <a href="/wiki/Harald_zur_Hausen" title="Harald zur Hausen">Zur Hausen</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi" title="Françoise Barré-Sinoussi">Barré–Sinoussi</a>,</span> <a href="/wiki/Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Montagnier</a> · 2009: <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Blackburn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider">Greider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" title="Jack Szostak">Szostak</a> · 2010: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Edwards_(fysioloog)" title="Robert Edwards (fysioloog)">Edwards</a> · 2011: <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beutler" title="Bruce Beutler">Beutler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jules_Hoffmann" title="Jules Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Steinman" title="Ralph Steinman">Steinman</a> · 2012: <a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">Gurdon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Yamanaka</a> · 2013: <a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">Rothman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Schekman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas Südhof">Südhof</a> · 2014: <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Keefe" title="John O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a>, <a href="/wiki/May-Britt_Moser" title="May-Britt Moser">Moser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Moser" title="Edvard Moser">Moser</a> · 2015: <a href="/wiki/William_C._Campbell_(wetenschapper)" title="William C. Campbell (wetenschapper)">Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satoshi_Omura" title="Satoshi Omura">Omura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Youyou_Tu" title="Youyou Tu">Tu</a> · 2016: <a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_Osumi" title="Yoshinori Osumi">Osumi</a> · 2017: <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_C._Hall" title="Jeffrey C. Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosbash" title="Michael Rosbash">Rosbash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Young</a> · 2018: <a href="/wiki/James_Allison" title="James Allison">Allison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Honjo</a> · 2019: <a href="/wiki/William_Kaelin_jr." title="William Kaelin jr.">Kaelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Ratcliffe" title="Peter J. Ratcliffe">Ratcliffe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregg_L._Semenza" title="Gregg L. Semenza">Semenza</a> · 2020: <a href="/wiki/Harvey_J._Alter" title="Harvey J. Alter">Alter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Houghton" title="Michael Houghton">Houghton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Rice</a> · 2021: <a href="/wiki/David_Julius" title="David Julius">Julius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ardem_Patapoutian" title="Ardem Patapoutian">Patapoutian</a> · 2022: <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Pääbo</a> · 2023: <a href="/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Karikó</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Weissman</a> · 2024: <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Ambros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Ruvkun</a> </p> </div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6b7f745dd4‐8jd62 Cached time: 20241125122528 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.164 seconds Real time usage: 0.312 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2623/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37973/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 16105/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 8477/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.003/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 636486/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 147.068 1 -total 49.07% 72.161 1 Sjabloon:Appendix 40.00% 58.827 1 Sjabloon:References 33.94% 49.909 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_Nobelprijswinnaar 32.42% 47.677 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_generiek 18.45% 27.131 1 Sjabloon:Wikidata_afbeelding 13.63% 20.046 1 Sjabloon:Navigatie_winnaars_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_de_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde 12.14% 17.852 1 Sjabloon:Cite_book 10.45% 15.369 1 Sjabloon:Navigatie_uitklapbaar 8.01% 11.779 2 Sjabloon:Cite_journal --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key nlwiki:pcache:idhash:1491735-0!dateformat=default and timestamp 20241125122528 and revision id 60800410. 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