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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Early Salians</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_Salians-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Early Salians subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Early_Salians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Werner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Werner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Werner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Werner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conrad_the_Red" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conrad_the_Red"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Conrad the Red</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conrad_the_Red-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Otto_of_Worms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Otto_of_Worms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Otto of Worms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Otto_of_Worms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dukes_and_bishops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dukes_and_bishops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dukes and bishops</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dukes_and_bishops-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dukes and bishops subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dukes_and_bishops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Henry_of_Worms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Henry_of_Worms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Henry of Worms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Henry_of_Worms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conrad_of_Carinthia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conrad_of_Carinthia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Conrad of Carinthia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conrad_of_Carinthia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pope_Gregory_V" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pope_Gregory_V"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Pope Gregory V</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pope_Gregory_V-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-William_of_Strasbourg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#William_of_Strasbourg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>William of Strasbourg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-William_of_Strasbourg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conrad_the_Younger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conrad_the_Younger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Conrad the Younger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conrad_the_Younger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imperial_Salians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imperial_Salians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Imperial Salians</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Imperial_Salians-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Imperial Salians subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Imperial_Salians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Conrad_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conrad_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Conrad II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conrad_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Salian_monarchy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salian_monarchy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Salian monarchy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salian_monarchy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Salian_Kings_and_Emperors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salian_Kings_and_Emperors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Salian Kings and Emperors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salian_Kings_and_Emperors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>General references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salier" title="Salier – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Salier" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="السلالة السالية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السلالة السالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Салічная дынастыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Салічная дынастыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Салическа династия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Салическа династия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_s%C3%A0lica" title="Dinastia sàlica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dinastia sàlica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1lsk%C3%A1_dynastie" title="Sálská dynastie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sálská dynastie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salierne" title="Salierne – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Salierne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salier" title="Salier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saali_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Saali dünastia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saali dünastia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Οίκος των Σαλίων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οίκος των Σαλίων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_salia" title="Dinastía salia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía salia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salioj" title="Salioj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Salioj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliar_dinastia" title="Saliar dinastia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Saliar dinastia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastie_franconienne" title="Dynastie franconienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dynastie franconienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_salia" title="Dinastía salia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dinastía salia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B4%EA%B0%80" title="잘리어가 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잘리어가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salijska_dinastija" title="Salijska dinastija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Salijska dinastija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Sali" title="Dinasti Sali – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti Sali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_salica" title="Dinastia salica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dinastia salica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფრანკონიული დინასტია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრანკონიული დინასტია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familia_Salica" title="Familia Salica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Familia Salica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salie%C5%A1u_dinastija" title="Saliešu dinastija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Saliešu dinastija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1li-h%C3%A1z" title="Száli-ház – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Száli-ház" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salische_dynastie" title="Salische dynastie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Salische dynastie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E6%9C%9D" title="ザーリアー朝 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ザーリアー朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salier-dynastiet" title="Salier-dynastiet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Salier-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankonlar_sulolasi" title="Frankonlar sulolasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Frankonlar sulolasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastia_salicka" title="Dynastia salicka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dynastia salicka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_saliana" title="Dinastia saliana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dinastia saliana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Salic%C4%83" title="Dinastia Salică – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dinastia Salică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Салическая династия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Салическая династия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1lska_dynastia" title="Sálska dynastia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sálska dynastia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salijci" title="Salijci – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Salijci" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Салијска династија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Салијска династија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salijska_dinastija" title="Salijska dinastija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Salijska dinastija" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German dynasty in the High Middle Ages</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Salian" redirects here. For the Frankish tribe, see <a href="/wiki/Salian_Franks" title="Salian Franks">Salian Franks</a>. For the city in Azerbaijan, see <a href="/wiki/Salyan,_Azerbaijan" title="Salyan, Azerbaijan">Salyan, Azerbaijan</a>. For the village in Iran, see <a href="/wiki/Salian,_Iran" title="Salian, Iran">Salian, Iran</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Salians<br /><div style="display:inline;" class="nickname" lang="German">Salier</div><br /><div class="nickname" style="display:inline;font-size:78%"><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Reges salici</i></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Speyer,_Dom,_Krypta-20151127-024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A great hall with a high arched ceiling braced with columns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Speyer%2C_Dom%2C_Krypta-20151127-024.jpg/220px-Speyer%2C_Dom%2C_Krypta-20151127-024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Speyer%2C_Dom%2C_Krypta-20151127-024.jpg/330px-Speyer%2C_Dom%2C_Krypta-20151127-024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Speyer%2C_Dom%2C_Krypta-20151127-024.jpg/440px-Speyer%2C_Dom%2C_Krypta-20151127-024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The crypt of <a href="/wiki/Speyer_Cathedral" title="Speyer Cathedral">Speyer Cathedral</a>, the Salian emperors' burial place</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Widonids" title="Widonids">Widonids</a> (?)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Italy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Burgundy" title="Kingdom of Burgundy">Burgundy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Swabia" title="Duchy of Swabia">Swabia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Franconia" title="Duchy of Franconia">Franconia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">Early 10th century</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Werner_V_(Salian)" title="Werner V (Salian)">Count Werner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final ruler</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Henry_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Henry V">Emperor Henry V</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Members</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_V" title="Pope Gregory V">Pope Gregory V</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Conrad_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Conrad II">Emperor Conrad II</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Henry_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Henry III">Emperor Henry III</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Henry_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Henry IV">Emperor Henry IV</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Connected families</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ottonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottonian">Ottonian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Babenberg" title="Babenberg">Babenberg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Distinctions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Traditions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissolution</th><td class="infobox-data">1125</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Salian dynasty</b> or <b>Salic dynasty</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Salier</i>) was a <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">dynasty</a> in the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a>. The dynasty provided four <a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings of Germany">kings of Germany</a> (1024–1125), all of whom went on to be crowned <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Roman emperors">Holy Roman emperors</a> (1027–1125). </p><p>After the death of the last <a href="/wiki/Ottonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottonian">Ottonian</a> emperor in 1024, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Kingdom of Germany</a> and later the entire <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> passed to <a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">Conrad II</a>, a Salian. He was followed by three more Salian rulers: <a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry III</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V</a>. They established their monarchy as a major European power. The Salian dynasty developed a permanent administrative system based on a class of public officials answerable to the crown.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins_and_name">Origins and name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins and name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ottonian_Salian_dynasty.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Ottonian_Salian_dynasty.png/220px-Ottonian_Salian_dynasty.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Ottonian_Salian_dynasty.png/330px-Ottonian_Salian_dynasty.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Ottonian_Salian_dynasty.png/440px-Ottonian_Salian_dynasty.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>The family tree of the early imperial dynasties of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>: Carolingians, Ottonians, Salians and Hohenstaufen</figcaption></figure> <p>Modern historians suppose that the Salians descended from the <a href="/wiki/Widonids" title="Widonids">Widonids</a>, a prominent noble kindred emerging in the 7th century. Their estates were located at the confluence of rivers <a href="/wiki/Moselle" title="Moselle">Moselle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saar_(river)" title="Saar (river)">Saar</a> and they supported the <a href="/wiki/Carolingians" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolingians">Carolingians</a>. The Widonids' eastward expansion towards the river <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> started after they founded <a href="/wiki/Hornbach_Abbey" title="Hornbach Abbey">Hornbach Abbey</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bliesgau" title="Bliesgau">Bliesgau</a> around 750. Hornbach remained their <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_church" title="Proprietary church">proprietary monastery</a> and royal grants to the abbey established their presence in the <a href="/wiki/Wormsgau" title="Wormsgau">Wormsgau</a>. As time passed, several branches split off the Widonids. The late 9th-century Holy Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Guy_III_of_Spoleto" title="Guy III of Spoleto">Guy (or Wido) of Spoleto</a> descended from one of these branches, the Lambertines. The Salians' forefathers remained in <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Franconia" title="Duchy of Franconia">Rhenish Franconia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19997–9_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19997–9-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wipo_of_Burgundy" title="Wipo of Burgundy">Wipo of Burgundy</a>, the biographer of the first Salian monarch, <a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">Emperor Conrad II</a>, described Conrad's father and uncle as "distinguished noble lords from Rhenish Franconia" around 1044, but without calling them Salians. Wipo added that Conrad's mother, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_of_Metz" title="Adelaide of Metz">Adelaide of Metz</a>, was "supposedly descended from the ancient royal house of <a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a>". The statement made a connection between Conrad and the royal <a href="/wiki/Merovingian_dynasty" title="Merovingian dynasty">Merovingians</a> who had claimed a Trojan ancestry for themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historian Stefan Weinfurter proposes that the putative relationship between the Salians and the Merovingians gave rise to the family name, because the Salian Franks had been the most renowned Frankish group. Their memory was preserved through a Frankish law code, known as the <a href="/wiki/Salic_law" title="Salic law">Salic law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peter H. Wilson states the Salians received their name due to their origins amongst the Franks living along the Rhine in western Franconia, a region "distinguished through its use of Salic law".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2016247_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2016247-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A less likely <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymology</a> links the appellation to the old German word <i>sal</i> ("lordship"), proposing that the name can be traced to the Salian monarchs' well-documented inclination towards hierarchical structures.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <i>reges salici</i> (or Salian kings) was most probably coined early in the 12th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A list of monarchs and archbishops from <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>, which was completed around 1139–40, is the first extant document to contain it. Bishop <a href="/wiki/Otto_of_Freising" title="Otto of Freising">Otto of Freising</a>, a maternal descendant of the Salian monarchs, also used the term in his <i>Chronicle or History of the Two Cities</i> in the middle of the 12th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200615_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200615-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a narrow sense, only the four German monarchs who ruled from 1024 to 1125 could be called Salians, but the same appellation has already been expanded to their ancestors by modern historians.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An earlier name of the family, appearing in 982, was the Wormsers, due to their main holdings being in the Diocese of Worms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2016247_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2016247-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All male members of the family who were destined to a secular career were named <a href="/wiki/Conrad_(name)" title="Conrad (name)">Conrad</a> or <a href="/wiki/Henry_(given_name)" title="Henry (given name)">Henry</a>. Emperor Conrad II's grandfather, <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Otto I, Duke of Carinthia">Otto of Worms</a>, established this tradition in the late 10th century. He named his eldest son, <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Speyer" title="Henry of Speyer">Henry of Worms</a>, after his maternal great-grandfather, King <a href="/wiki/Henry_the_Fowler" title="Henry the Fowler">Henry the Fowler</a>; and he gave the name of his father, <a href="/wiki/Conrad,_Duke_of_Lorraine" title="Conrad, Duke of Lorraine">Conrad the Red</a>, to one of his younger sons, <a href="/wiki/Conrad_I,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Conrad I, Duke of Carinthia">Conrad of Carinthia</a>. Conrad the Red was most probably named for King <a href="/wiki/Conrad_I_of_Germany" title="Conrad I of Germany">Conrad I of Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram2006323_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram2006323-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_Salians">Early Salians</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early Salians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto">Early Salians </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin: 0 auto;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Conradines" title="Conradines">CONRADINES</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#F5FAFF"><a href="/wiki/Widonids" title="Widonids">WIDONIDS</a> (?)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Ottonian_dynasty" title="Ottonian dynasty">OTTONIANS</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_I_of_Germany" title="Conrad I of Germany">Conrad I</a><br />K. of Germany<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 911–918</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Sister (?)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Werner_V_(Salian)" title="Werner V (Salian)">Werner</a><br />C. in Nahegau,<br />Speyergau, Wormsgau</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b><a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor">OTTO I</a></b><br />†973<br /><b>Holy Roman Emperor</b><br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 962–973</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Eadgyth" title="Eadgyth">Eadgyth of England</a><br />†946</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_the_Red" class="mw-redirect" title="Conrad the Red">Conrad the Red</a><br />†955<br />D. of Lothanringia<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 944/5–953/4</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Liutgard_of_Saxony_(died_953)" title="Liutgard of Saxony (died 953)">Luidgard</a><br />*931 †953</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Otto I, Duke of Carinthia">Otto of Worms</a><br />†1004<br />D. of Carinthia<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 978–985, 1002–1004</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Judith<br />†991</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#F5FAFF"><i><a href="#Dukes_and_Bishops">Salian dukes and bishops</a></i></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Werner">Werner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Werner"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HRR_10Jh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map of Central Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/HRR_10Jh.jpg/220px-HRR_10Jh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/HRR_10Jh.jpg/330px-HRR_10Jh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/HRR_10Jh.jpg/440px-HRR_10Jh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1492" data-file-height="1777" /></a><figcaption>A map of the Holy Roman Empire in the 10th and 11th centuries: Germany <i>(blue)</i>, Italy <i>(grey)</i>, Burgundy <i>(orange to the West)</i>, Bohemia <i>(orange to the East)</i>, Papal States <i>(purple)</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Werner_V_(Salian)" title="Werner V (Salian)">Count Werner</a>, who held estates in the <a href="/wiki/Nahegau" title="Nahegau">Nahegau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speyergau" title="Speyergau">Speyergau</a> and Wormsgau early in the 10th century, is the Salian monarchs' first certainly identified ancestor. His family links to the Widonids cannot be securely established, but his patrimonial lands and his close relationship with the Hornbach Abbey provide indirect evidence of his Widonid ancestry. He married a kinswoman, most probably a sister, of King Conrad I of Germany. This marriage alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Conradines" title="Conradines">Conradines</a> introduced Conrad as a <a href="/wiki/Leading_name" title="Leading name">leading name</a> in his family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19999_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19999-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conrad_the_Red">Conrad the Red</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Conrad the Red"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conrad_the_Red" class="mw-redirect" title="Conrad the Red">Conrad the Red</a></div> <p>Werner's son, Conrad the Red, inherited his father Franconian estates. His family links with the Conradines facilitated his acquisition of large portions of their domains after King <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto I of Germany</a> crushed their revolt in 939. The Conradines lost their preeminent position in Franconia and Conrad the Red emerged as Otto I's principal supporter in the region. He was awarded with the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lotharingia" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Lotharingia">Duchy of Lotharingia</a> in 944 or 945 and he married the King's daughter, <a href="/wiki/Liutgard_of_Saxony_(died_953)" title="Liutgard of Saxony (died 953)">Luidgard</a>, in 947.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19996,_9_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19996,_9-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_361_(note_22)_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_361_(note_22)-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The marriage forged a link between the royal <a href="/wiki/Ottonian_dynasty" title="Ottonian dynasty">Ottonian dynasty</a> and the Salians. He lost Lotharingia after he joined a revolt against his father-in-law in 953 or 954. He died fighting against the invading <a href="/wiki/Magyars" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyars">Magyars</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lechfeld" title="Battle of Lechfeld">Battle of Lechfeld</a> in 955. The contemporaneous <a href="/wiki/Widukind_of_Corvey" title="Widukind of Corvey">Widukind of Corvey</a> praised him for his bravery. He was buried in the <a href="/wiki/Worms_Cathedral" title="Worms Cathedral">Worms Cathedral</a>, although mainly bishops and kings had so far been buried in cathedrals.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19996,_9_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19996,_9-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_361_(note_22)_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_361_(note_22)-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Otto_of_Worms">Otto of Worms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Otto of Worms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Otto I, Duke of Carinthia">Otto I, Duke of Carinthia</a></div> <p>Conrad the Red's son, Otto of Worms, found favour with his maternal grandfather, King Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor from 962. Still a minor, Otto of Worms was mentioned as a count in the <a href="/wiki/Nahegau" title="Nahegau">Nahegau</a> in 956. He also seized Wormsgau, Speyergau, <a href="/wiki/Niddagau" class="mw-redirect" title="Niddagau">Niddagau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elsenzgau" class="mw-redirect" title="Elsenzgau">Elsenzgau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kraichgau" title="Kraichgau">Kraichgau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pfinzgau" class="mw-redirect" title="Pfinzgau">Pfinzgau</a>, thus uniting almost all lands between the rivers Rhine and <a href="/wiki/Neckar" title="Neckar">Neckar</a> by the time Otto I died in 973. The parentage of his wife, Judith, is uncertain: she may have been related either to <a href="/wiki/Arnulf,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria">Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria</a>, to Count Henry of Arlon, or to <a href="/wiki/Burkhard,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Burkhard, Margrave of Austria">Burchard, Margrave in the Eastern Marches</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Otto I's son and successor, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto II</a>, was worried about the concentration of lands in his nephew's hands in Franconia. The Emperor appointed Otto of Worms to administer the faraway <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Duchy of Carinthia</a> and <a href="/wiki/March_of_Verona" title="March of Verona">March of Verona</a> in 978. The Emperor persuaded Otto to cede his right to administer justice in Worms, and also parts of his revenues in the town, to the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Worms" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Worms">local bishop</a>. Otto was persuaded to renounce Carinthia and Verona, but he was lavishly compensated with a large forest in <a href="/wiki/Wasgau" title="Wasgau">Wasgau</a>, the royal palace at <a href="/wiki/Kaiserslautern" title="Kaiserslautern">Kaiserslautern</a> and the proprietary rights over <a href="/wiki/Weissenburg_Abbey,_Alsace" title="Weissenburg Abbey, Alsace">Weissenburg Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He could also preserve the title of duke, thus becoming the first duke to bear the title without ruling a duchy in Germany. Otto was the cousin of <a href="/wiki/Otto_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, thus he had a strong claim to the throne after the Emperor's death, but he concluded an agreement with the Ottonian candidate, <a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry of Bavaria</a> in 1002. Henry restored Carinthia to Otto in 1002 and he ruled the duchy until his death in 1004.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dukes_and_bishops">Dukes and bishops</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Dukes and bishops"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto">Salian dukes and bishops </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin: 0 auto;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#F5FAFF"><i><a href="#Early_Salians">Early Salians</a></i></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Otto I, Duke of Carinthia">Otto of Worms</a><br />†1004<br />D. of Carinthia<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 978–985, 1002–1004</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Judith<br />†991</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Adelaide of Metz<br />†1039/1046</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Speyer" title="Henry of Speyer">Henry of Worms</a><br />†990/991 (?)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_V" title="Pope Gregory V">Pope Gregory V</a><br />*972 †999<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 996–999</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Swabia" title="Matilda of Swabia">Matilda of Swabia</a><br />†1031/32</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_I,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Conrad I, Duke of Carinthia">Conrad I</a><br />†1011<br />D. of Carinthia<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1004–1011</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/William_I_(bishop_of_Strasbourg)" title="William I (bishop of Strasbourg)">William</a><br />†1046/47<br />B. of Strasbourg<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1028/29–1046/47</span>)</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#F5FAFF"><i><a href="#Imperial_Salians">Imperial Salians</a></i></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Conrad II, Duke of Carinthia">Conrad II</a><br />*1002–05 †1039<br />D. of Carinthia<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1036–1039</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Bruno_(bishop_of_W%C3%BCrzburg)" title="Bruno (bishop of Würzburg)">Bruno</a><br />†1045<br />B. of Würzburg<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1034–1045</span>)</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Henry_of_Worms">Henry of Worms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Henry of Worms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Speyer" title="Henry of Speyer">Henry of Speyer</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Otto_III_wird_von_Papst_Gregor_V._zum_Kaiser_gesalbt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A young man wearing tiara touches the head of a bearded man sitting on his side, with two men watching the scene." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Otto_III_wird_von_Papst_Gregor_V._zum_Kaiser_gesalbt.jpg/220px-Otto_III_wird_von_Papst_Gregor_V._zum_Kaiser_gesalbt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Otto_III_wird_von_Papst_Gregor_V._zum_Kaiser_gesalbt.jpg/330px-Otto_III_wird_von_Papst_Gregor_V._zum_Kaiser_gesalbt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Otto_III_wird_von_Papst_Gregor_V._zum_Kaiser_gesalbt.jpg/440px-Otto_III_wird_von_Papst_Gregor_V._zum_Kaiser_gesalbt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="826" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_V" title="Pope Gregory V">Pope Gregory V</a> anoints <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Otto_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Otto III">Emperor Otto III</a> (a miniature by an unidentified author, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1450).</figcaption></figure> <p>Henry was Otto of Worms's eldest son. His wife, Adelaide, was born into a prominent Lotharingian family, being the daughter of Richard, Count of Metz. Their son, Conrad, would be the first Salian monarch, but Henry could not transfer his seniority rights to his son, because he predeceased his father most probably in 990 or 991.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conrad_of_Carinthia">Conrad of Carinthia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Conrad of Carinthia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conrad_I,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Conrad I, Duke of Carinthia">Conrad I, Duke of Carinthia</a></div> <p>After Henry of Worms' premature death, his seniority rights shifted to his younger brother, Conrad, enabling him to inherit the major part of the patrimonial lands from his father.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914,_20_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914,_20-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conrad married <a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Swabia" title="Matilda of Swabia">Matilda</a>, a daughter of <a href="/wiki/Herman_II,_Duke_of_Swabia" title="Herman II, Duke of Swabia">Herman II, Duke of Swabia</a>, most probably in 1002. Two years later, he succeeded his father as Duke of Carinthia—the duchy passed from father to son for the first time on this occasion. His rule in Carinthia is poorly documented and he died in 1011.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200623–25,_363_(note_59)_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200623–25,_363_(note_59)-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pope_Gregory_V">Pope Gregory V</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Pope Gregory V"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_V" title="Pope Gregory V">Pope Gregory V</a></div> <p>Bruno—the future Pope Gregory V—was a younger son of Otto of Worms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father's cousin, Otto III, placed him on the papal throne in 996, ignoring the provisions of his own <i><a href="/wiki/Diploma_Ottonianum" title="Diploma Ottonianum">Diploma Ottonianum</a></i> on papal elections. Bruno, who was the first German pope, assumed his papal name in memory of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory the Great</a>. He crowned Otto III emperor on the <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Feast of the Ascension</a> in the same year. The Roman aristocrat <a href="/wiki/Crescentius_the_Younger" title="Crescentius the Younger">Crescentius the Younger</a> expelled him from Rome, but the Emperor crushed the revolt and restored the papal throne to Gregory V. The Pope died at the age of twenty-six or twenty-seven in 999.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter1999190_(note_1)_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter1999190_(note_1)-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchutz201084,_88_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchutz201084,_88-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="William_of_Strasbourg">William of Strasbourg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: William of Strasbourg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/William_I_(bishop_of_Strasbourg)" title="William I (bishop of Strasbourg)">William I (bishop of Strasbourg)</a></div> <p>William was Otto of Worms' youngest son. After serving in the royal court as archchaplain to Queen <a href="/wiki/Gisela_of_Swabia" title="Gisela of Swabia">Gisella</a>, William was made <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Strasbourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Strasbourg">bishop of Strasbourg</a> in 1028 or 1029. The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Strasbourg" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg">see of Strasbourg</a> was one of the wealthiest German bishoprics. His tenure was almost uneventful and he died in 1046 or 1047.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_272–273_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_272–273-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conrad_the_Younger">Conrad the Younger</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Conrad the Younger"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Conrad II, Duke of Carinthia">Conrad II, Duke of Carinthia</a></div> <p>Conrad, the elder son of Duke Conrad I of Carinthia and Matilda of Swabia, was born between 1002 and 1005. He was underage when his father died in 1011. He inherited his father's patrimonial lands, but Emperor Henry II made <a href="/wiki/Adalbero,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Adalbero, Duke of Carinthia">Adalbero of Eppelstein</a> the new duke of Carinthia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199920_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199920-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200625,_363_(note_59)_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200625,_363_(note_59)-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Emperor Henry II died in 1024, both Conrad and his cousin, Conrad the Elder, laid claim to the throne and Conrad the Elder was elected the new monarch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchutz2010115_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchutz2010115-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imperial_Salians">Imperial Salians</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Imperial Salians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conrad_II">Conrad II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Conrad II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor</a></div> <p>Conrad the Elder was the sole son of Henry of Worms. After his father's premature death, he was placed under the guardianship of Bishop <a href="/wiki/Burchard_of_Worms" title="Burchard of Worms">Burchard of Worms</a>. He married <a href="/wiki/Gisela_of_Swabia" title="Gisela of Swabia">Gisela of Swabia</a> in 1016.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914–17_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914–17-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both her father <a href="/wiki/Herman_II,_Duke_of_Swabia" title="Herman II, Duke of Swabia">Herman II, Duke of Swabia</a> and her mother <a href="/wiki/Gerberga_of_Burgundy" title="Gerberga of Burgundy">Gerberga of Burgundy</a> descended from <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>. She was twice widowed. Gisela's first husband <a href="/wiki/Brun_I,_Count_of_Brunswick" title="Brun I, Count of Brunswick">Brun I, Count of Brunswick</a> had been a candidate to the imperial throne along with her father and the winning Henry II. Her second husband <a href="/wiki/Ernest_I,_Duke_of_Swabia" title="Ernest I, Duke of Swabia">Ernest</a> succeeded her childless brother <a href="/wiki/Herman_III,_Duke_of_Swabia" title="Herman III, Duke of Swabia">Herman III</a> as duke of Swabia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200631–33_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200631–33-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conrad the Elder was elected king of Germany against his cousin Conrad the Younger on 4 September 1024. Four days later, he was crowned in the <a href="/wiki/Mainz_Cathedral" title="Mainz Cathedral">Mainz Cathedral</a> by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Aribo_(archbishop_of_Mainz)" title="Aribo (archbishop of Mainz)">Aribo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199918–22_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199918–22-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On learning of Henry II the citizens of the Italian city <a href="/wiki/Pavia" title="Pavia">Pavia</a> demolished the local royal palace claiming that during the interregnum no king could own the palace. In his response to the rebels, Conrad emphasized that "Even if the king died, the kingdom remaind, just as the ship whose steersman falls remains". A group of Lombard aristocrats offered the throne first to <a href="/wiki/Robert_II_of_France" title="Robert II of France">Robert II of France</a> or his eldest son, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Magnus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh Magnus">Hugh Magnus</a>, then to <a href="/wiki/William_V,_Duke_of_Aquitaine" title="William V, Duke of Aquitaine">William V, Duke of Aquitaine</a>, but the Lombard bishops and most aristocrats supported Conrad's claim to rule.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200663–64_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200663–64-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After crushing a revolt by his stepson <a href="/wiki/Ernest_II,_Duke_of_Swabia" title="Ernest II, Duke of Swabia">Ernest II, Duke of Swabia</a> and Conrad the Younger in Germany, Conrad marched to Italy. He was crowned king of the Lombards in Milan by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Aribert_(archbishop_of_Milan)" title="Aribert (archbishop of Milan)">Aribert</a> probably on 25th March 1026. Resistance against his rule was quickly crushed. He reached Rome where he was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XIX" title="Pope John XIX">Pope John XIX</a> on 26th March 1027.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199926–27_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199926–27-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200697–102_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200697–102-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto">Imperial Salians </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin: 0 auto;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#F5FAFF"><i><a href="#Dukes_and_bishops">Salian dukes and bishops</a></i></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Adelaide of Metz<br />†1039/46</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Speyer" title="Henry of Speyer">Henry of Worms</a><br />†990/91 (?)</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Gisela_of_Swabia" title="Gisela of Swabia">Gisela of Swabia</a><br />*<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 990 †1043</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><b><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">CONRAD II</a></b><br />*990 †1039<br /><b>Holy Roman Emperor</b><br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1027–1039</span>)</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Gunhilda_of_Denmark" title="Gunhilda of Denmark">Gunhilda of Denmark</a><br />†1038</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor">HENRY III</a></b><br />*1017 †1056<br /><b>Holy Roman Emperor</b><br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1046–1056</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Poitou" title="Agnes of Poitou">Agnes of Poitou</a><br />†1077</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_I,_Abbess_of_Quedlinburg" title="Beatrice I, Abbess of Quedlinburg">Beatrix</a><br />*1037 †1061<br />A. of Quedlinburg<br />and Gandersheim<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1044/45–1061</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_II,_Abbess_of_Quedlinburg" title="Adelaide II, Abbess of Quedlinburg">Adelaide</a><br />*1045 †1096<br />A. of Quedlinburg<br />and Gandersheim<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1061–1096</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_of_Rheinfelden" title="Rudolf of Rheinfelden">Rudolf of Rheinfelden</a><br />†1080<br /><a href="/wiki/Antiking" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiking">Antiking</a> to Henry IV<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1078–1080</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Germany,_Duchess_of_Swabia" title="Matilda of Germany, Duchess of Swabia">Matilda</a><br />*1048 †1060</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Bertha_of_Savoy" title="Bertha of Savoy">Bertha of Savoy</a><br />†1087</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">HENRY IV</a></b><br />*1050 †1106<br /><b>Holy Roman Emperor</b><br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1084–1105</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Eupraxia_of_Kiev" title="Eupraxia of Kiev">Eupraxia of Kiev</a><br />†1109</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Conrad II, Duke of Bavaria">Conrad II</a><br />*1052 †1055<br />D. of Bavaria<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1054–1055</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Solomon,_King_of_Hungary" title="Solomon, King of Hungary">Solomon</a><br />*1053 †1087<br />K. of Hungary<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1063–1074</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Judith_of_Swabia" title="Judith of Swabia">Judit</a><br />*1054 †1092/96</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_I_Herman" title="Władysław I Herman">Władysław I Herman</a><br />*<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1044 †1102<br />D. of Poland<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1079–1102</span>)</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Duke_of_Swabia" title="Frederick I, Duke of Swabia">Frederick I</a><br />*<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1050 †1105<br />D. of Swabia<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1079–1105</span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Waiblingen" title="Agnes of Waiblingen">Agnes</a><br />*1072/73 †1143</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Margrave of Austria">Leopold III</a><br />*1073 †1136<br />M. of Austria<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1095–1136</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Maximilla of Sicily</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II_of_Italy" title="Conrad II of Italy">Conrad II</a><br />*1074 †1101<br />K. of Italy<br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1093–1098</span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Empress_Matilda" title="Empress Matilda">Matilda of England</a><br />*1102 †1167</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#CEE0F2"><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">HENRY V</a></b><br />*1086 †1125<br /><b>Holy Roman Emperor</b><br />(<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1111–1125</span>)</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">HOHENSTAUFENS</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Babenberg" title="Babenberg">BABENBERGS</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Salian_monarchy">Salian monarchy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Salian monarchy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the death of the last Saxon Emperor <a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry II</a>, the first Salian regent, Conrad II, was elected by the majority of the <a href="/wiki/Prince-elector" title="Prince-elector">Prince-electors</a> and was crowned German king in <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a> on 8 September 1024. Early in 1026 Conrad went to <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_Aribert_of_Milan" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop Aribert of Milan">Ariberto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Milan" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Milan">archbishop of Milan</a>, crowned him <a href="/wiki/King_of_Italy" title="King of Italy">king of Italy</a>. When <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_III,_King_of_Burgundy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolph III, King of Burgundy">Rudolph III, King of Burgundy</a> died in 1032, Conrad II also claimed this kingship on the basis of an inheritance Henry II had extorted from the former in 1006. Despite some opposition, the Burgundian and Provençal nobles paid homage to Conrad in <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> in 1034. This <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Burgundy-Arles" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles">Kingdom of Burgundy</a> would become known as the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Arles" title="Kingdom of Arles">Kingdom of Arles</a> from the 12th century. </p><p>Already in 1028 Conrad II had his son <a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry III</a> elected and anointed king of Germany. Henry's tenure led to an overstatement of previously unknown sacral kingship. So during this reign <a href="/wiki/Speyer_Cathedral" title="Speyer Cathedral">Speyer Cathedral</a> was expanded to be the largest church in Western Christendom. Henry's conception of a legitimate power of royal disposition in the duchies was successful against the dukes, and thus secured royal control. However, in <a href="/wiki/Lorraine_(duchy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorraine (duchy)">Lorraine</a>, this led to years of conflict, from which Henry emerged as the winner. However, in southern Germany a powerful opposition group was formed in the years 1052–1055. In 1046 Henry ended the <a href="/wiki/Schism_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Schism (religion)">papal schism</a>, freed the Papacy from dependence on the Roman nobility, and laid the basis for its universal applicability. His early death in 1056 was long regarded as a disaster for the Empire. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SpeyererDom_vonSuedWesten.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/SpeyererDom_vonSuedWesten.JPG/220px-SpeyererDom_vonSuedWesten.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/SpeyererDom_vonSuedWesten.JPG/330px-SpeyererDom_vonSuedWesten.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/SpeyererDom_vonSuedWesten.JPG/440px-SpeyererDom_vonSuedWesten.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2234" data-file-height="1888" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Speyer_Cathedral" title="Speyer Cathedral">Speyer Cathedral</a>, the burial place of all Salian Emperors</figcaption></figure> <p>The early Salians owed much of their success to their alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Church</a>, a policy begun by Otto I, which gave them the material support they needed to subdue rebellious dukes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In time, however, the Church came to regret this close relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The alliance broke down in 1075 during what came to be known as the <a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a> (or <i>Investiture Dispute</i>), a struggle in which the reformist Pope, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VII" title="Pope Gregory VII">Gregory VII</a>, demanded that Emperor <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV</a> renounce his rights over the Church in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pope also attacked the concept of monarchy by divine right and gained the support of significant elements of the German nobility interested in limiting imperial absolutism.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More importantly, the pope forbade ecclesiastical officials under pain of excommunication from supporting Henry as they had so freely done in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the end, Henry IV journeyed to <a href="/wiki/Canossa" title="Canossa">Canossa</a> in northern <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> in 1077 to do penance and to receive absolution from the pope.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he resumed the practice of lay investiture (appointment of religious officials by civil authorities) and arranged the election of an <a href="/wiki/Antipope" title="Antipope">antipope</a> (<a href="/wiki/Antipope_Clement_III" title="Antipope Clement III">Antipope Clement III</a>) in 1080.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The monarch's struggle with the papacy resulted in a war that ravaged through the Holy Roman Empire from 1077 until the <a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_Worms" title="Concordat of Worms">Concordat of Worms</a> in 1122.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reign of the last ruler of the Salian dynasty <a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V</a> coincided with the final phase of the great <a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a>, which had pitted pope against emperor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> By the settlement of the Concordat of Worms, Henry V surrendered to the demands of the second generation of <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian reform">Gregorian reformers</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This agreement stipulated that the pope would appoint high church officials but gave the German king the right to veto the papal choices.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Imperial control of Italy was lost for a time, and the imperial crown became dependent on the political support of competing aristocratic factions.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Feudalism became more widespread as freemen sought protection by swearing allegiance to a lord.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These powerful local rulers, having thereby acquired extensive territories and large military retinues, took over administration within their territories and organized it around an increasing number of castles.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most powerful of these local rulers came to be called princes rather than dukes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the laws of the feudal system of the Holy Roman Empire, the king had no claims on the vassals of other princes, only on those living within his family's territory.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lacking the support of the formerly independent vassals and weakened by the increasing hostility of the Church, the monarchy lost its pre-eminence.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus the Investiture Contest strengthened local power in the Holy Roman Empire – in contrast to the trend in France and England, where centralized royal power grew.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Investiture Contest had an additional effect.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long struggle between emperor and pope hurt the Holy Roman Empire's intellectual life, in this period largely confined to monasteries, and the empire no longer led or even kept pace with developments occurring in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, no universities were founded in the Holy Roman Empire until the fourteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/House_of_Hohenstaufen" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen</a> king <a href="/wiki/Conrad_III_of_Germany" title="Conrad III of Germany">Conrad III</a> was a grandson of the Salian <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Waiblingen" title="Agnes of Waiblingen">Agnes</a>, Henry IV's daughter and Henry V's sister, was the heiress to the Salian dynasty's lands: her first marriage produced the royal and imperial <a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen</a> dynasty and her second marriage the ducal <a href="/wiki/Babenberg" title="Babenberg">Babenberg</a> potentates of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Austria" title="Duchy of Austria">Duchy of Austria</a>, which was elevated much due to these connections via the <a href="/wiki/Privilegium_Minus" title="Privilegium Minus">Privilegium Minus</a>.)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Salian_Kings_and_Emperors">Salian Kings and Emperors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Salian Kings and Emperors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">Conrad II</a> 1024–1039, crowned emperor on 26 March 1027</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry III</a> 1039–1056, crowned emperor on 25 December 1046</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV</a> 1056–1106, crowned emperor on 31 March 1084 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II_of_Italy" title="Conrad II of Italy">Conrad (III)</a> 1087–1098, nominal king under his father Henry IV</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V</a> 1106–1125, crowned emperor on 13 April 1111</li></ul> <p>Their regnal dates as emperor take into account elections and subsequent <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor">coronations</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Salian_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Salian Law">Salian Law</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSolsten1996" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Solsten, Eric, ed. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/96020927/"><i>Germany: a country study</i></a> (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">9–</span>11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8444-0853-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8444-0853-0"><bdi>0-8444-0853-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/34705046">34705046</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Germany%3A+a+country+study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E9-%3C%2Fspan%3E11&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F34705046&rft.isbn=0-8444-0853-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F96020927%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalian+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19997–9-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19997–9_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 7–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995–6_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 5–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2016247-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2016247_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2016247_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2016">Wilson 2016</a>, p. 247.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19995_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200615-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200615_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram2006323-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram2006323_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, p. 323.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19999-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19999_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19996,_9-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19996,_9_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter19996,_9_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 6, 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_361_(note_22)-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_361_(note_22)_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_361_(note_22)_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 18, 361 (note 22).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199911,_14,_184,_190_(notes_10_and_12)_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 11, 14, 184, 190 (notes 10 and 12).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618–19,_23,_361_(note_20)_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 18–19, 23, 361 (note 20).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914,_20-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914,_20_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 14, 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200623–25,_363_(note_59)-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200623–25,_363_(note_59)_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 23–25, 363 (note 59).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter1999190_(note_1)-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter1999190_(note_1)_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, p. 190 (note 1).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchutz201084,_88-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchutz201084,_88_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchutz2010">Schutz 2010</a>, pp. 84, 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_272–273-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200618,_272–273_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 18, 272–273.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199920-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199920_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200625,_363_(note_59)-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200625,_363_(note_59)_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 25, 363 (note 59).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchutz2010115-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchutz2010115_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchutz2010">Schutz 2010</a>, p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914–17-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199914–17_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 14–17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200631–33-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200631–33_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 31–33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199918–22-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199918–22_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 18–22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200663–64-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200663–64_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 63–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199926–27-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeinfurter199926–27_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeinfurter1999">Weinfurter 1999</a>, pp. 26–27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolfram200697–102-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolfram200697–102_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolfram2006">Wolfram 2006</a>, pp. 97–102.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_references">General references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: General references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchutz2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Schutz" title="Herbert Schutz">Schutz, Herbert</a> (2010). <i>The Medieval Empire in Central Europe: Dynastic Continuity in the Post-Carolingian Frankish Realm, 900–1300</i>. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-1966-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-1966-4"><bdi>978-1-4438-1966-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Medieval+Empire+in+Central+Europe%3A+Dynastic+Continuity+in+the+Post-Carolingian+Frankish+Realm%2C+900%E2%80%931300&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4438-1966-4&rft.aulast=Schutz&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalian+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWeinfurter1999" class="citation book cs1">Weinfurter, Stefan (1999) [1992]. <i>The Salian Century: Main Currents in an Age of Transition</i>. Translated by Kaiser, Denise A. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania_Press" title="University of Pennsylvania Press">University of Pennsylvania Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8122-3508-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8122-3508-8"><bdi>0-8122-3508-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Salian+Century%3A+Main+Currents+in+an+Age+of+Transition&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-8122-3508-8&rft.aulast=Weinfurter&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalian+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilson2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Herwig_Wolfram" title="Herwig Wolfram">Wilson, Peter H.</a> (2016). <i>The Holy Roman Empire: A Thousand Years of Europe’s History</i>. Allen Lane. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-8461-4318-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-8461-4318-2"><bdi>978-1-8461-4318-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Holy+Roman+Empire%3A+A+Thousand+Years+of+Europe%E2%80%99s+History&rft.pub=Allen+Lane&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-8461-4318-2&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Peter+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalian+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWolfram2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Herwig_Wolfram" title="Herwig Wolfram">Wolfram, Herwig</a> (2006) [2000]. <i>Conrad II, 990–1039: Emperor of Three Kingdoms</i>. Translated by Bowlus, Barbara M. The Pennsylvania State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-271-02738-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-271-02738-X"><bdi>0-271-02738-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conrad+II%2C+990%E2%80%931039%3A+Emperor+of+Three+Kingdoms&rft.pub=The+Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-271-02738-X&rft.aulast=Wolfram&rft.aufirst=Herwig&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalian+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salian_dynasty&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lenelotte Möller, Hans Ammerich: Die Salier. 1024–1125. Wiesbaden 2015</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/List_of_German_monarchs" title="List of German monarchs">Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Ascania" title="House of Ascania">Ascania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conradines" title="Conradines">Conradines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottonian_dynasty" title="Ottonian dynasty">Ottonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luitpoldings" title="Luitpoldings">Luitpolding</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supplinburger_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Supplinburger dynasty">Süpplingenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Welf" title="House of Welf">Welf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lorraine" title="House of Lorraine">Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg-Lorraine" title="House of Habsburg-Lorraine">Habsburg-Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Hanover" title="House of Hanover">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Nassau" title="House of Nassau">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Luxembourg" title="House of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">Wittelsbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Schwarzburg" title="House of Schwarzburg">Schwarzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brunswick-L%C3%BCneburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg">Brunswick-Lüneburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Griffin" title="House of Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Hohenzollern" title="House of Hohenzollern">Hohenzollern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="House of Württemberg">Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Gl%C3%BCcksburg" title="House of Glücksburg">Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orange-Nassau" title="House of Orange-Nassau">Orange-Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Nassau-Weilburg" title="House of Nassau-Weilburg">Nassau-Weilburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Mecklenburg" title="House of Mecklenburg">Mecklenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Vasa" title="House of Vasa">Vasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Palatinate-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken">Palatine Zweibrücken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Hesse" title="House of Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Holstein-Gottorp_(Swedish_line)" title="House of Holstein-Gottorp (Swedish line)">Holstein-Gottorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Romanov" title="House of Romanov">Romanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Wettin" title="House of Wettin">Wettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lippe" title="House of Lippe">Lippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Z%C3%A4hringen" title="House of Zähringen">Zähringen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118750895">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810553280405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007267399705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118750895.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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