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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-역사" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#역사"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>역사</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-역사-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>역사 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-역사-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-고대_동양" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#고대_동양"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>고대 동양</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-고대_동양-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-고대_그리스" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#고대_그리스"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>고대 그리스</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-고대_그리스-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-고대_인도" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#고대_인도"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>고대 인도</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-고대_인도-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-페르마" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#페르마"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>페르마</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-페르마-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-오일러" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#오일러"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>오일러</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-오일러-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-라그랑주,_르장드르,_가우스" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#라그랑주,_르장드르,_가우스"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>라그랑주, 르장드르, 가우스</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-라그랑주,_르장드르,_가우스-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-현대_수론" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#현대_수론"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>현대 수론</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-현대_수론-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-분류" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#분류"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>분류</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-분류-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>분류 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-분류-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-초등_정수론" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#초등_정수론"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>초등 정수론</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-초등_정수론-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-해석적_수론" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#해석적_수론"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>해석적 수론</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-해석적_수론-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-대수적_수론" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#대수적_수론"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>대수적 수론</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-대수적_수론-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-디오판토스_기하학" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#디오판토스_기하학"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>디오판토스 기하학</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-디오판토스_기하학-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-계산_수론" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#계산_수론"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>계산 수론</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-계산_수론-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-참고_문헌" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#참고_문헌"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>참고 문헌</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-참고_문헌-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">수론</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 114개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">114개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getalteorie" title="Getalteorie – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Getalteorie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahlentheorie" title="Zahlentheorie – 독일어(스위스)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zahlentheorie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="독일어(스위스)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_numeros" title="Teoría de numeros – 아라곤어" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Teoría de numeros" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="아라곤어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="نظرية الأعداد – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظرية الأعداد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AF_%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="نضرية د لأعداد – 모로코 아랍어" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="نضرية د لأعداد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="모로코 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="نظريه الاعداد – 이집트 아랍어" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نظريه الاعداد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="이집트 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="সংখ্যাতত্ত্ব – 아삼어" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সংখ্যাতত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="아삼어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_n%C3%BAmberos" title="Teoría de númberos – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Teoría de númberos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fd%C9%99dl%C9%99r_n%C9%99z%C9%99riyy%C9%99si" title="Ədədlər nəzəriyyəsi – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ədədlər nəzəriyyəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Һандар теорияһы – 바슈키르어" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һандар теорияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="바슈키르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skaitliu_teuor%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Skaitliu teuorėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Skaitliu teuorėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorya_nin_bilang" title="Teorya nin bilang – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Teorya nin bilang" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Тэорыя лікаў – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэорыя лікаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Тэорыя лікаў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тэорыя лікаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Теория на числата – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Теория на числата" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="সংখ্যাতত্ত্ব – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংখ্যাতত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damkaniezh_an_nivero%C3%B9" title="Damkaniezh an niveroù – 브르타뉴어" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Damkaniezh an niveroù" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="브르타뉴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorija_brojeva" title="Teorija brojeva – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Teorija brojeva" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_de_nombres" title="Teoria de nombres – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Teoria de nombres" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%98%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95" title="تیۆریی ژمارە – 소라니 쿠르드어" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تیۆریی ژمارە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="소라니 쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorie_%C4%8D%C3%ADsel" title="Teorie čísel – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Teorie čísel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Хисепсен теорийĕ – 추바시어" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хисепсен теорийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="추바시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damcaniaeth_rhifau" title="Damcaniaeth rhifau – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Damcaniaeth rhifau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talteori" title="Talteori – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Talteori" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahlentheorie" title="Zahlentheorie – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zahlentheorie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Θεωρία αριθμών – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θεωρία αριθμών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_theory" title="Number theory – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Number theory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombroteorio" title="Nombroteorio – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nombroteorio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_n%C3%BAmeros" title="Teoría de números – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Teoría de números" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvuteooria" title="Arvuteooria – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arvuteooria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenbakien_teoria" title="Zenbakien teoria – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zenbakien teoria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="نظریه اعداد – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نظریه اعداد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukuteoria" title="Lukuteoria – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lukuteoria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvoteooria" title="Arvoteooria – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Arvoteooria" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naba_icavacava" title="Naba icavacava – 피지어" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Naba icavacava" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="피지어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_des_nombres" title="Théorie des nombres – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Théorie des nombres" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taalenteorii" title="Taalenteorii – 북부 프리지아어" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Taalenteorii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="북부 프리지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uimhirtheoiric" title="Uimhirtheoiric – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Uimhirtheoiric" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E8%AB%96" title="數論 – 간어" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="數論" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="간어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9ori_di_s%C3%A9_nonm" title="Téori di sé nonm – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Téori di sé nonm" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_n%C3%BAmeros" title="Teoría de números – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Teoría de números" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%96%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A4" title="સંખ્યા સિદ્ધાંત – 구자라트어" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સંખ્યા સિદ્ધાંત" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="구자라트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" title="תורת המספרים – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תורת המספרים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4" title="संख्या सिद्धान्त – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संख्या सिद्धान्त" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_theory" title="Number theory – 피지 힌디어" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Number theory" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="피지 힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorija_brojeva" title="Teorija brojeva – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Teorija brojeva" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1melm%C3%A9let" title="Számelmélet – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Számelmélet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Թվերի տեսություն – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թվերի տեսություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theoria_de_numeros" title="Theoria de numeros – 인터링구아" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Theoria de numeros" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="인터링구아" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teori_bilangan" title="Teori bilangan – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teori bilangan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorio_di_nombri" title="Teorio di nombri – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Teorio di nombri" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Talnafræði – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Talnafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_dei_numeri" title="Teoria dei numeri – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Teoria dei numeri" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E8%AB%96" title="数論 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="数論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomba_tiori" title="Nomba tiori – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Nomba tiori" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/nacycmaci" title="nacycmaci – 로반어" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="nacycmaci" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="로반어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9ori_wilangan" title="Téori wilangan – 자바어" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Téori wilangan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="자바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="რიცხვთა თეორია – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რიცხვთა თეორია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Сандар теориясы – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сандар теориясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%96%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4" title="ಸಂಖ್ಯಾಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂಖ್ಯಾಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AErdoza_jimare" title="Bîrdoza jimare – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bîrdoza jimare" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="알찬 글"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theoria_numerorum" title="Theoria numerorum – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Theoria numerorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuelentheorie" title="Zuelentheorie – 룩셈부르크어" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Zuelentheorie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="룩셈부르크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_di_numer" title="Teoria di numer – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Teoria di numer" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skai%C4%8Di%C5%B3_teorija" title="Skaičių teorija – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Skaičių teorija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skait%C4%BCu_teorija" title="Skaitļu teorija – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Skaitļu teorija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Теорија на броевите – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Теорија на броевите" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="സംഖ്യാസിദ്ധാന്തം – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സംഖ്യാസിദ്ധാന്തം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Тооны онол – 몽골어" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тооны онол" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="몽골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="अंकशास्त्र – 마라티어" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अंकशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="마라티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teori_nombor" title="Teori nombor – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Teori nombor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorija_tan-numri" title="Teorija tan-numri – 몰타어" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Teorija tan-numri" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="몰타어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE" title="ကိန်းသီအိုရီ – 버마어" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကိန်းသီအိုရီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="버마어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallentheorie" title="Tallentheorie – 저지 독일어" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Tallentheorie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="저지 독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getaltheorie" title="Getaltheorie – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Getaltheorie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talteori" title="Talteori – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Talteori" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallteori" title="Tallteori – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tallteori" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_dels_nombres" title="Teoria dels nombres – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Teoria dels nombres" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A4" title="ਅੰਕ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅੰਕ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_liczb" title="Teoria liczb – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Teoria liczb" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ACa_dij_n%C3%B9mer" title="Teorìa dij nùmer – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Teorìa dij nùmer" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="نمبر تھیوری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نمبر تھیوری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_dos_n%C3%BAmeros" title="Teoria dos números – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teoria dos números" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_numerelor" title="Teoria numerelor – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Teoria numerelor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Теория чисел – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Теория чисел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="संख्याशास्त्रम् – 산스크리트어" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="संख्याशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="산스크리트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%A5%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Саамай улахан уопсай түҥэтээччи – 야쿠트어" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Саамай улахан уопсай түҥэтээччи" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="야쿠트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiur%C3%ACa_d%C3%AE_n%C3%B9mmura" title="Tiurìa dî nùmmura – 시칠리아어" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tiurìa dî nùmmura" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="시칠리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nummer_theory" title="Nummer theory – 스코틀랜드어" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Nummer theory" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorija_brojeva" title="Teorija brojeva – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Teorija brojeva" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_theory" title="Number theory – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Number theory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C3%B3ria_%C4%8D%C3%ADsel" title="Teória čísel – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Teória čísel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorija_%C5%A1tevil" title="Teorija števil – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Teorija števil" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_e_numrave" title="Teoria e numrave – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Teoria e numrave" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Теорија бројева – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Теорија бројева" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talteori" title="Talteori – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Talteori" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadharia_ya_namba" title="Nadharia ya namba – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nadharia ya namba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="எண் கோட்பாடு – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எண் கோட்பாடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%8E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99" title="ทฤษฎีจำนวน – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทฤษฎีจำนวน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanlar_teori%C3%BDasy" title="Sanlar teoriýasy – 투르크멘어" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Sanlar teoriýasy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="투르크멘어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorya_ng_bilang" title="Teorya ng bilang – 타갈로그어" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Teorya ng bilang" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="타갈로그어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Say%C4%B1lar_teorisi" title="Sayılar teorisi – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sayılar teorisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Теорія чисел – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Теорія чисел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%82_%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF" title="نظریۂ عدد – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نظریۂ عدد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonlar_nazariyasi" title="Sonlar nazariyasi – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sonlar nazariyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BD_thuy%E1%BA%BFt_s%E1%BB%91" title="Lý thuyết số – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lý thuyết số" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numateor" title="Numateor – 볼라퓌크어" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Numateor" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="볼라퓌크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teyorya_hin_ihap" title="Teyorya hin ihap – 와라이어" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Teyorya hin ihap" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="와라이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E8%AE%BA" title="数论 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="数论" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="რიცხუეფიშ თეორია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რიცხუეფიშ თეორია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9F_%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="נומערן טעאריע – 이디시어" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נומערן טעאריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="이디시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E8%AE%BA" title="数论 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="数论" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2%CD%98-l%C5%ABn" title="Sò͘-lūn – 민난어" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sò͘-lūn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="민난어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E8%AB%96" title="數論 – 광둥어" lang="yue" 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#36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%;font-size:small}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-각주_부족 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Circle-icons-dev.svg/40px-Circle-icons-dev.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Circle-icons-dev.svg/60px-Circle-icons-dev.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Circle-icons-dev.svg/80px-Circle-icons-dev.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">이 문서는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%B6%9C%EC%B2%98_%EB%B0%9D%ED%9E%88%EA%B8%B0" title="위키백과:출처 밝히기">참고 문헌 목록</a>을 포함하고 있으나, <b>각주가 불충분하거나 존재하지</b> 않아 <b>출처가 모호합니다.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"><br />더욱 정확한 각주를 적용하여 이 문서가 향상되도록 도와 주세요.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="dablink hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8F%99%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%98%EC%96%B4_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="위키백과:동음이의어 문서"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/23px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/35px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/46px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%9E%8C%EB%91%90%EA%B5%90" title="힌두교">힌두교</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A1%ED%8C%8C%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="육파철학">육파철학</a> 중의 하나인 <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%ED%82%A4%EC%95%84_%ED%95%99%ED%8C%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="삼키아 학파">수론</a>(數論) 또는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%ED%82%A4%EC%95%84_%ED%95%99%ED%8C%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="삼키아 학파">수론파</a>(數論派)에 대해서는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%ED%82%A4%EC%95%84_%ED%95%99%ED%8C%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="삼키아 학파">삼키아 학파</a> 문서를 참고하십시오.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Elliptic_curve_simple.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Elliptic_curve_simple.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="243" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="243" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%EC%9B%90%EA%B3%A1%EC%84%A0" title="타원곡선">타원곡선</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>정수론</b>(整數論, <span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">number theory</span>) 또는 <b>수론</b>(數論)은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="수학">수학</a>의 한 분야로, 각종 <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="수 (수학)">수</a>의 성질을 대상으로 한다. 정수론은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EA%B0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="카를 프리드리히 가우스">카를 프리드리히 가우스</a> 덕분에 크게 발전되어서 현재는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="기하학">기하학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="대수학">대수학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="해석학 (수학)">해석학</a>과 함께 수학의 주요한 분야들 중 하나이다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="역사"><span id=".EC.97.AD.EC.82.AC"></span>역사</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 역사"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="고대_동양"><span id=".EA.B3.A0.EB.8C.80_.EB.8F.99.EC.96.91"></span>고대 동양</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 고대 동양"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>현존하는 수론을 다루는 최고(最古)의 문서는 기원전 약 1800년에 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%86%8C%ED%8F%AC%ED%83%80%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%84" title="메소포타미아">메소포타미아</a>에서 작성된 점토판 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%94%8C%EB%A6%BC%ED%94%84%ED%84%B4_322&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="플림프턴 322 (없는 문서)">플림프턴 322</a>(Plimpton 322)이다. 이 점토판은 <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%83%80%EA%B3%A0%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="피타고라스 수">피타고라스 수</a>의 목록을 담고 있는데, 이 목록은 손으로 계산하기에는 너무 많으므로 어느 정도의 수론적 지식을 바탕으로 한 것으로 추측된다. </p><p>고대 이집트에는 약간의 대수학이 존재했지만 수론적인 내용은 별로 없다. </p><p>고대 중국의 수학의 경우, 기원후 5세기에 작성된 <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%90%EC%9E%90%EC%82%B0%EA%B2%BD" title="손자산경">손자산경</a>에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EB%82%98%EB%A8%B8%EC%A7%80_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="중국인의 나머지 정리">중국인의 나머지 정리</a>가 최초로 등장한다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="고대_그리스"><span id=".EA.B3.A0.EB.8C.80_.EA.B7.B8.EB.A6.AC.EC.8A.A4"></span>고대 그리스</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 고대 그리스"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>기원전 5세기의 <a href="/wiki/%ED%82%A4%EB%A0%88%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%98_%ED%85%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%8F%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="키레네의 테오도로스">키레네의 테오도로스</a>는 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {n}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {n}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2a2994734eae382ce30100fb17b9447fd8e99f81" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:3.331ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {n}}}"></span> (n은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EA%B3%B1%EC%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="제곱수">제곱수</a>가 아닌 자연수)이 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98" title="무리수">무리수</a>임을 증명하였다. 기원전 2세기에 집필된 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%B4%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="에우클레이데스">에우클레이데스</a>의 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="원론">원론</a>》 8권과 9권은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0)" title="소수 (수론)">소수</a>와 나누어떨어짐을 다룬다. 특히, 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="원론">원론</a>》에는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B5%9C%EB%8C%80%EA%B3%B5%EC%95%BD%EC%88%98" title="최대공약수">최대공약수</a>를 계산하는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C_%ED%98%B8%EC%A0%9C%EB%B2%95" title="유클리드 호제법">유클리드 호제법</a>이 수록되어 있고, 또 소수의 수가 무한하다는 사실이 증명되어 있다 (《<a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="원론">원론</a>》 9권 명제 20). 원론 9권에는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%99%84%EC%A0%84%EC%88%98" title="완전수">완전수</a>가 등장한다. </p><p>1773년에는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EB%A9%94%EB%8D%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="아르키메데스">아르키메데스</a>가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%9D%BC%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="에라토스테네스">에라토스테네스</a>에게 보냈다는 편지가 발견되었다. 여기에는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%A0_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="펠 방정식">펠 방정식</a>의 일종인 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EB%A9%94%EB%8D%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%86%8C_%EB%AC%B8%EC%A0%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="아르키메데스 소 문제 (없는 문서)">아르키메데스 소 문제</a>(Archimedes’ cattle problem)가 등장한다. 이 편지가 위서인지는 아직 확실하지 않다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4" title="디오판토스">디오판토스</a>는 약 기원후 3세기에 살았으며, 총 13권의 《산학》(Arithmetica)을 집필하였다. 이 가운데 6권이 원래 그리스어로, 추가 4권이 아랍어로 현존한다. 《산학》은 오늘날 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="디오판토스 방정식">디오판토스 방정식</a>이라고 불리는 방정식들을 다뤘다. 또한, <a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%EC%9B%90%EA%B3%A1%EC%84%A0" title="타원곡선">타원곡선</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A0%90" title="유리점">유리점</a>에 대한 문제도 등장한다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="고대_인도"><span id=".EA.B3.A0.EB.8C.80_.EC.9D.B8.EB.8F.84"></span>고대 인도</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 고대 인도"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>고대 인도의 수학은 적어도 약 18세기까지 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD" title="유럽">유럽</a> 수학과 독립적으로 발전하였다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EB%B0%94%ED%83%80" title="아리아바타">아리아바타</a>(Āryabhaṭa, <span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8%EC%96%B4" title="산스크리트어">산스크리트어</a>: </span><span lang="sa">आर्यभट</span>, 476–550)는 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n\equiv a_{1}{\pmod {m_{1}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≡</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="1em" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>mod</mi> <mspace width="0.333em" /> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n\equiv a_{1}{\pmod {m_{1}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db1dea20d16b56806577b738ce357e8442b02801" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:19.556ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n\equiv a_{1}{\pmod {m_{1}}}}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n\equiv a_{2}{\pmod {m_{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≡</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="1em" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>mod</mi> <mspace width="0.333em" /> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n\equiv a_{2}{\pmod {m_{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b612639c9b646944609690dfeeb81ea849993473" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:19.556ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n\equiv a_{2}{\pmod {m_{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>꼴의 방정식을 다루었다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%EA%B5%BD%ED%83%80" title="브라마굽타">브라마굽타</a>(597–668)는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%A0_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="펠 방정식">펠 방정식</a>의 연구를 시작하였으며, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%BC%EB%8D%B0%EB%B0%94_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="자이야데바 (수학자) (없는 문서)">자이야데바</a>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8%EC%96%B4" title="산스크리트어">산스크리트어</a>: </span><span lang="sa">जयदेव</span>, Jayadeva, 9세기 경)가 펠 방정식의 해를 완성하였다. 자이야데바의 저서는 현존하지 않지만, 그의 업적은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC_2%EC%84%B8" title="바스카라 2세">바스카라 2세</a>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8%EC%96%B4" title="산스크리트어">산스크리트어</a>: </span><span lang="sa">भास्कराचार्य</span>, Bhāskara II, 1114–1185)의 책에 인용되어 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="페르마"><span id=".ED.8E.98.EB.A5.B4.EB.A7.88"></span>페르마</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 페르마"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EB%93%9C_%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88" title="피에르 드 페르마">피에르 드 페르마</a>(1601–1665)는 수론에 대하여 연구하였으나 하나도 출판하지 않았고, 대부분 개인적 서신이나 책의 여백에 적은 노트에 수록되어 있다. 또한 그는 명제에 대한 증명을 거의 적지 않았다. 이로 그는 매우 소심한 성격임을 추측 할 수 있다.그의 업적으로 특수한 함수의 미분이다. 그후 뉴턴은 '거인의 어깨 위에'라는 표현을 쓰면서 페르마를 높이 평가한 것으로 알려졌다. </p><p><br /> 페르마는 초기에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%99%84%EC%A0%84%EC%88%98" title="완전수">완전수</a>를 연구하기 시작하였으나, 곧 페르마는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="디오판토스 방정식">디오판토스 방정식</a>에 관심을 갖게 되었다. 페르마는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88_%EC%86%8C%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="페르마 소정리">페르마 소정리</a>(1640)와 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%98_%EB%A7%88%EC%A7%80%EB%A7%89_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="페르마의 마지막 정리">페르마의 마지막 정리</a>를 제시하였다. 페르마의 마지막 정리는 오랫동안 증명이 되지 않았으나 1995년 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8_%EC%99%80%EC%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4" title="앤드루 와일스">앤드루 와일스</a>에 의해 증명이 되었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="오일러"><span id=".EC.98.A4.EC.9D.BC.EB.9F.AC"></span>오일러</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 오일러"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A8%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC" title="레온하르트 오일러">레온하르트 오일러</a>는 1729년부터 수론에 관심을 갖기 사작하였다. 오일러는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88_%EC%86%8C%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="페르마 소정리">페르마 소정리</a>를 증명하였고, 또 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%98_%EB%A7%88%EC%A7%80%EB%A7%89_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="페르마의 마지막 정리">페르마의 마지막 정리</a>를 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=3}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=3}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1c5a5a42ced00df920fad4ab2d4acdb960a4105b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.656ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=3}"></span>인 경우 증명하였다. 또한 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%A0_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="펠 방정식">펠 방정식</a>을 명명하였고 연구하였다. 또한, <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC%EC%9D%98_%EC%98%A4%EA%B0%81%EC%88%98_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="오일러의 오각수 정리">오일러의 오각수 정리</a> 등을 증명하는 과정에서 최초로 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="해석적 수론">해석적 수론</a>의 기법들을 도입하였다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="라그랑주,_르장드르,_가우스"><span id=".EB.9D.BC.EA.B7.B8.EB.9E.91.EC.A3.BC.2C_.EB.A5.B4.EC.9E.A5.EB.93.9C.EB.A5.B4.2C_.EA.B0.80.EC.9A.B0.EC.8A.A4"></span>라그랑주, 르장드르, 가우스</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 라그랑주, 르장드르, 가우스"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A0%9C%ED%94%84%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4_%EB%9D%BC%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%91%EC%A3%BC" title="조제프루이 라그랑주">조제프루이 라그랑주</a>(1736–1813)는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EB%93%9C_%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88" title="피에르 드 페르마">피에르 드 페르마</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A8%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC" title="레온하르트 오일러">레온하르트 오일러</a>의 일부 명제들을 엄밀히 증명하였다. 예를 들어, <a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%91%EC%A3%BC_%EB%84%A4_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B3%B1%EC%88%98_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="라그랑주 네 제곱수 정리">라그랑주 네 제곱수 정리</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%A0_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="펠 방정식">펠 방정식</a>의 이론 등이 있다. 또한, 라그랑주는 일반적인 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%B0%A8_%ED%98%95%EC%8B%9D" title="이차 형식">이차 형식</a>을 연구하기 시작하였다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%B5%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A5%B4%EC%9E%A5%EB%93%9C%EB%A5%B4" title="아드리앵마리 르장드르">아드리앵마리 르장드르</a>(1752–1833)는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%B0%A8_%EC%83%81%ED%98%B8_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="이차 상호 법칙">이차 상호 법칙</a>을 최초로 발표하였다. 또한, <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="소수 정리">소수 정리</a>를 추측하였고, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%98_%EB%A7%88%EC%A7%80%EB%A7%89_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="페르마의 마지막 정리">페르마의 마지막 정리</a>를 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=5}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=5}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cdb41e9a10a8fd7179b9170149a8d70949ba5d03" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.656ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=5}"></span>인 경우 증명하였다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EA%B0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="카를 프리드리히 가우스">카를 프리드리히 가우스</a> (1777–1855)는 1798년 《산술연구》(Disquisitiones Arithmeticae)를 출판하였다. 이 책에는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%B0%A8_%EC%83%81%ED%98%B8_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="이차 상호 법칙">이차 상호 법칙</a>의 증명이 수록되어 있다. 또한, 《산술연구》 7장에는 1의 거듭제곱근에 대한 내용이 수록되어 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="현대_수론"><span id=".ED.98.84.EB.8C.80_.EC.88.98.EB.A1.A0"></span>현대 수론</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=8" title="부분 편집: 현대 수론"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>19세기부터 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">수론</a>이 수학의 한 독자적인 분야로 발달하기 시작하였다. 또한, 현대 수론에 등장하는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="복소해석학">복소해석학</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%A1%A0" title="군론">군론</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%88%EB%A3%A8%EC%95%84_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="갈루아 이론">갈루아 이론</a> 등이 발달되면서 수론의 기법이 풍부해졌고, <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="해석적 수론">해석적 수론</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="대수적 수론">대수적 수론</a>으로의 분류가 등장하였다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="해석적 수론">해석적 수론</a>은 통상적으로 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%ED%84%B0_%EA%B5%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%94%84_%EB%A5%B4%EC%A3%88_%EB%94%94%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%B4%EB%A0%88" title="페터 구스타프 르죈 디리클레">페터 구스타프 르죈 디리클레</a>가 1837년 <a href="/wiki/L-%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="L-함수">L-함수</a>를 도입하면서 시작되었다고 본다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B8%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%8C" title="베른하르트 리만">베른하르트 리만</a>은 1859년 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%8C_%EC%A0%9C%ED%83%80_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="리만 제타 함수">리만 제타 함수</a>를 정의하였고, <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0)" title="소수 (수론)">소수</a>와의 관계를 증명하였다. 리만의 업적은 셀수없이 많다 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="대수적 수론">대수적 수론</a>은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%8D%B0%EB%8D%B0%ED%82%A8%ED%8A%B8" title="리하르트 데데킨트">리하르트 데데킨트</a>가 1863년 출판하였고 1879·1894년 개정한 《수론 강의》(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%96%B4" title="독일어">독일어</a>: </span><span lang="de">Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie</span>)로부터 시작되었다. 이 책의 개정판에서 데데킨트는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EB%94%94%EC%96%BC" title="아이디얼">아이디얼</a>의 개념을 (<a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EC%B2%B4" title="대수적 수체">대수적 수체</a>의 경우에 대하여) 정의하였다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%B9%84%ED%8A%B8_%ED%9E%90%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="다비트 힐베르트">다비트 힐베르트</a>는 1897년 《수론 보고서》(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%96%B4" title="독일어">독일어</a>: </span><span lang="de">Zahlbericht</span>)에서 대수적 수론의 초반을 닦았다. 힐베르트는 또한 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="유체론">유체론</a>의 시초가 되는 가설들을 제기하였다. 1924년 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%B0%80_%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4" title="에밀 아르틴">에밀 아르틴</a>은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EC%83%81%ED%98%B8_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="아르틴 상호 법칙">아르틴 상호 법칙</a>을 증명하였다. 1955년에는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%88%EB%9F%AC%EC%84%B1_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC" title="모듈러성 정리">모듈러성 정리</a>가 최초로 발표되었고, 이는 1967년에 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%9E%AD%EA%B8%80%EB%9E%9C%EC%A6%88" title="로버트 랭글랜즈">로버트 랭글랜즈</a>가 발표한 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%AD%EA%B8%80%EB%9E%9C%EC%A6%88_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%A8" title="랭글랜즈 프로그램">랭글랜즈 프로그램</a>의 일부로 일반화되었다. 모듈러성 정리는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8_%EC%99%80%EC%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4" title="앤드루 와일스">앤드루 와일스</a>의 기법들을 토대로 2001년 증명되었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="분류"><span id=".EB.B6.84.EB.A5.98"></span>분류</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=9" title="부분 편집: 분류"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="초등_정수론"><span id=".EC.B4.88.EB.93.B1_.EC.A0.95.EC.88.98.EB.A1.A0"></span>초등 정수론</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=10" title="부분 편집: 초등 정수론"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>보통 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="복소해석학">복소해석학</a>을 사용하지 않는 정수론을 <b>초등 정수론</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">elementary number theory</span>)이라고 한다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="해석적_수론"><span id=".ED.95.B4.EC.84.9D.EC.A0.81_.EC.88.98.EB.A1.A0"></span>해석적 수론</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=11" title="부분 편집: 해석적 수론"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311305">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> 이 부분의 본문은 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="해석적 수론">해석적 수론</a>입니다.</div> <p><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="해석적 수론">해석적 수론</a>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">analytic number theory</span>)은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="복소해석학">복소해석학</a>을 기반으로 하고, 엄격한 항등식 대신 크기나 밀도의 어림잡음을 다루는 분야이다. 승법 수론(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">multiplicative number theory</span>)이 여기에 포함된다. </p><p>해석적 수론에서 다루는 문제로는 다음과 같은 것들이 있다. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%B0%94%ED%9D%90%EC%9D%98_%EC%B6%94%EC%B8%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="골드바흐의 추측">골드바흐의 추측</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8C%8D%EB%91%A5%EC%9D%B4_%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98_%EC%B6%94%EC%B8%A1" title="쌍둥이 소수 추측">쌍둥이 소수 추측</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4%EB%A7%81%EC%9D%98_%EB%AC%B8%EC%A0%9C" title="웨어링의 문제">웨어링의 문제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%8C_%EA%B0%80%EC%84%A4" title="리만 가설">리만 가설</a></li></ul> <p>이들을 다루기 위하여, <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%94%94-%EB%A6%AC%ED%8B%80%EC%9A%B0%EB%93%9C_%EC%9B%90_%EB%B0%A9%EB%B2%95" title="하디-리틀우드 원 방법">하디-리틀우드 원 방법</a>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">Hardy–Littlewood circle method</span>), 체(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">sieve</span>) 이론, <a href="/wiki/L-%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="L-함수">L-함수</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%88%EB%9F%AC_%ED%98%95%EC%8B%9D" title="모듈러 형식">모듈러 형식</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%95_%ED%98%95%EC%8B%9D" title="보형 형식">보형 형식</a> 등의 도구를 사용한다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="대수적_수론"><span id=".EB.8C.80.EC.88.98.EC.A0.81_.EC.88.98.EB.A1.A0"></span>대수적 수론</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=12" title="부분 편집: 대수적 수론"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311305"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> 이 부분의 본문은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="대수적 수론">대수적 수론</a>입니다.</div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="대수적 수론">대수적 수론</a>은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EC%B2%B4" title="대수적 수체">대수적 수체</a>를 연구한다. 여기에는 주로 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%94%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="추상대수학">추상대수학</a>의 기법이 사용된다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%89%EC%97%AC%EB%A5%98" title="잉여류">잉여류</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EB%94%94%EC%96%BC" title="아이디얼">아이디얼</a> 등 대수학적 구조에 응용된 수론 부분과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%88%98" class="mw-disambig" title="유수">유수</a> 등의 정수 확대체의 성질 부분, <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC_%ED%94%BC_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="오일러 피 함수">오일러 피 함수</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AB%BC%EB%B9%84%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="뫼비우스 함수">뫼비우스 함수</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A5%B4%EC%9E%A5%EB%93%9C%EB%A5%B4_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="르장드르 함수 (없는 문서)">르장드르 함수</a> 등과 같은 잉여류의 성질에 대한 수론 함수들 등 대부분의 수론 영역이 여기에 속한다. </p><p>세부 분야로, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%B4%EC%9D%98_%ED%99%95%EB%8C%80" title="체의 확대">체의 확대</a>를 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%A1%A0" title="군론">군론</a>을 사용하여 연구하는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%88%EB%A3%A8%EC%95%84_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="갈루아 이론">갈루아 이론</a>과, <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%95%EB%8C%80" title="아벨 확대">아벨 확대</a>를 연구하는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="유체론">유체론</a>이 있다. 또한, 수론과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%95_%ED%98%95%EC%8B%9D" title="보형 형식">보형 형식</a>을 연관짓는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%AD%EA%B8%80%EB%9E%9C%EC%A6%88_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%A8" title="랭글랜즈 프로그램">랭글랜즈 프로그램</a>(Langlands program)과, 수체들의 무한한 열을 연구하는 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%B4%EC%99%80%EC%82%AC%EC%99%80_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="이와사와 이론 (없는 문서)">이와사와 이론</a>(Iwasawa theory)도 여기에 속한다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="디오판토스_기하학"><span id=".EB.94.94.EC.98.A4.ED.8C.90.ED.86.A0.EC.8A.A4_.EA.B8.B0.ED.95.98.ED.95.99"></span>디오판토스 기하학</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=13" title="부분 편집: 디오판토스 기하학"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311305"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> 이 부분의 본문은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="디오판토스 기하학">디오판토스 기하학</a>입니다.</div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="디오판토스 기하학">디오판토스 기하학</a>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">Diophantine geometry</span>) 또는 산술기하학(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">arithmetic geometry</span>)은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="디오판토스 방정식">디오판토스 방정식</a>을 연구한다. 이들 방정식들은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="대수기하학">대수기하학</a>에서 파생된 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%82%B4_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="스킴 (수학)">스킴</a>의 언어를 사용하여 기하학적인 대상으로 간주될 수 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="계산_수론"><span id=".EA.B3.84.EC.82.B0_.EC.88.98.EB.A1.A0"></span>계산 수론</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=14" title="부분 편집: 계산 수론"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>계산 수론</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">computational number theory</span>)는 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">수론</a>에서 등장하는 각종 값들을 계산하는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%98" title="알고리즘">알고리즘</a>을 연구하는 분야이다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%9D%B8%EC%88%98_%EB%B6%84%ED%95%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="소인수 분해">소인수 분해</a>나 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%95%9C%EC%B2%B4" title="유한체">유한체</a>에 대한 알고리즘의 연구가 대표적인 예이다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=15" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480479">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480595">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9A%A9" title="위키미디어 공용">위키미디어 공용</a></b>에 관련된<br />미디어 분류가 있습니다.<div style="padding-left:1em;"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Number_theory?uselang=ko">수론</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="기하학">기하학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="대수학">대수학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="해석학 (수학)">해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%95%9C%EC%B2%B4" title="유한체">유한체</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%EC%A7%84%EC%88%98" title="P진수">p진수</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="참고_문헌"><span id=".EC.B0.B8.EA.B3.A0_.EB.AC.B8.ED.97.8C"></span>참고 문헌</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&section=16" title="부분 편집: 참고 문헌"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">단치히, 토비아스 (2007). 《과학의 언어 수: 원시 셈법에서 최신 정수론까지 수의 황홀한 역사》. 심재관 역. 지식의 숲. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/9788991762442" title="특수:책찾기/9788991762442"><bdi>9788991762442</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99%EC%9D%98+%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4+%EC%88%98%3A+%EC%9B%90%EC%8B%9C+%EC%85%88%EB%B2%95%EC%97%90%EC%84%9C+%EC%B5%9C%EC%8B%A0+%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0%EA%B9%8C%EC%A7%80+%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98+%ED%99%A9%ED%99%80%ED%95%9C+%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC&rft.pub=%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D%EC%9D%98+%EC%88%B2&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9788991762442&rft.aulast=%EB%8B%A8%EC%B9%98%ED%9E%88&rft.aufirst=%ED%86%A0%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">윤영진 (2011). 《정수론》. 교우사. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/978-8981728656" title="특수:책찾기/978-8981728656"><bdi>978-8981728656</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&rft.pub=%EA%B5%90%EC%9A%B0%EC%82%AC&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-8981728656&rft.au=%EC%9C%A4%EC%98%81%EC%A7%84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">김응태; 박승안 (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233317/http://www.kyungmoon.com/shop_product/shop_pdt_view.php?p_idx=7423">《정수론》</a> 8판. 경문사. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/978-89-6105-595-6" title="특수:책찾기/978-89-6105-595-6"><bdi>978-89-6105-595-6</bdi></a>. 2013년 12월 30일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyungmoon.com/shop_product/shop_pdt_view.php?p_idx=7423">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2013년 12월 30일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&rft.edition=8%ED%8C%90&rft.pub=%EA%B2%BD%EB%AC%B8%EC%82%AC&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-89-6105-595-6&rft.au=%EA%B9%80%EC%9D%91%ED%83%9C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyungmoon.com%2Fshop_product%2Fshop_pdt_view.php%3Fp_idx%3D7423&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">더 이상 지원되지 않는 변수를 사용함 (<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%9D%B8%EC%9A%A9_%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%98_%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90#deprecated_params" title="위키백과:인용 오류 도움말">도움말</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> CS1 관리 - 추가 문구 (<a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:CS1_%EA%B4%80%EB%A6%AC_-_%EC%B6%94%EA%B0%80_%EB%AC%B8%EA%B5%AC" title="분류:CS1 관리 - 추가 문구">링크</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">최은미 (2013). 《정수론》. 북스힐. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/978-8955266580" title="특수:책찾기/978-8955266580"><bdi>978-8955266580</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&rft.pub=%EB%B6%81%EC%8A%A4%ED%9E%90&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-8955266580&rft.au=%EC%B5%9C%EC%9D%80%EB%AF%B8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480591">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="틀:수론"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:수론 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="특수:문서편집/틀:수론"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="수론" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">수론</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">분야</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="대수적 수론">대수적 수론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="해석적 수론">해석적 수론</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="기하학적 수론 (없는 문서)">기하학적 수론</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="계산적 수론 (없는 문서)">계산적 수론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9B%94%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="초월수론">초월수론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="디오판토스 기하학">디오판토스 기하학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%82%B0%EC%88%A0%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="산술기하학 (없는 문서)">산술기하학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%82%B0%EC%88%A0%EC%9C%84%EC%83%81%EC%88%98%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="산술위상수학 (없는 문서)">산술위상수학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%82%B0%EC%88%A0%EB%8F%99%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="산술동역학 (없는 문서)">산술동역학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기본 개념</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="수 (수학)">수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/0" title="0">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0%EC%88%98" title="자연수">자연수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1" title="1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0)" title="소수 (수론)">소수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EC%84%B1%EC%88%98" title="합성수">합성수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98" title="유리수">유리수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98" title="무리수">무리수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98" title="대수적 수">대수적 수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9B%94%EC%88%98" title="초월수">초월수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%EC%A7%84%EC%88%98" title="P진수">P진수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%88%A0" title="산술">산술</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%88%EB%9F%AC_%EC%82%B0%EC%88%A0" title="모듈러 산술">모듈러 산술</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0%EC%A0%81_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="수론적 함수">수론적 함수</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">고급 개념</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%B0%A8_%ED%98%95%EC%8B%9D" title="이차 형식">이차 형식</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%88%EB%9F%AC_%ED%98%95%EC%8B%9D" title="모듈러 형식">모듈러 형식</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="L-함수">L-함수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="디오판토스 방정식">디오판토스 방정식</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%90%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B7%BC%EC%82%AC%EB%B2%95" class="mw-redirect" title="디오판토스 근사법">디오판토스 근사법</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EB%B6%84%EC%88%98" title="연분수">연분수</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="수학의_주요_분야" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%88%98%ED%95%99_%EB%B6%84%EC%95%BC" title="틀:수학 분야"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%88%98%ED%95%99_%EB%B6%84%EC%95%BC" title="틀토론:수학 분야"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%88%98%ED%95%99_%EB%B6%84%EC%95%BC" title="특수:문서편집/틀:수학 분야"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="수학의_주요_분야" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="수학">수학</a>의 주요 분야</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">수론</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="대수적 수론">대수적 수론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" title="해석적 수론">해석적 수론</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="대수학">대수학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%A0%ED%98%95%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="선형대수학">선형대수학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%94%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="추상대수학">추상대수학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EB%A1%A0" title="군론">군론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%98%EB%A1%A0" title="환론">환론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%ED%99%98%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="가환대수학">가환대수학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EB%AA%B0%EB%A1%9C%EC%A7%80_%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="호몰로지 대수학">호몰로지 대수학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="해석학 (수학)">해석학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EC%A0%81%EB%B6%84%ED%95%99" title="미적분학">미적분학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="실해석학">실해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="복소해석학">복소해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%B9%98%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="수치해석학">수치해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B8%A1%EB%8F%84%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="측도론">측도론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="함수해석학">함수해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%ED%99%94%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="조화해석학">조화해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="비표준 해석학">비표준 해석학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="기하학">기하학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="대수기하학">대수기하학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="계산기하학">계산기하학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="해석기하학">해석기하학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%B6%84%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="미분기하학">미분기하학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%8C_%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="리만 기하학">리만 기하학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%EC%83%81%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="위상수학">위상수학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B0%98%EC%9C%84%EC%83%81%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="일반위상수학">일반위상수학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%9C%84%EC%83%81%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="대수적 위상수학">대수적 위상수학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%B6%84%EC%9C%84%EC%83%81%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="미분위상수학">미분위상수학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A4%EB%93%AD_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="매듭 이론">매듭 이론</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99%EA%B8%B0%EC%B4%88%EB%A1%A0" title="수학기초론">수학기초론</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A6%AC%EB%85%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="수리논리학">수리논리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%ED%98%95_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="모형 이론">모형 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A6%9D%EB%AA%85_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="증명 이론">증명 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0_%EA%B0%80%EB%8A%A5%EC%84%B1_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="계산 가능성 이론">계산 가능성 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9%EB%A1%A0" title="집합론">집합론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%94%EC%A3%BC%EB%A1%A0" title="범주론">범주론</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%B0%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="이산수학">이산수학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="계산 이론">계산 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0_%EB%B3%B5%EC%9E%A1%EB%8F%84_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="계산 복잡도 이론">계산 복잡도 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%94%ED%98%B8%ED%95%99" title="암호학">암호학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%ED%95%A9%EB%A1%A0" title="조합론">조합론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%ED%94%84_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="그래프 이론">그래프 이론</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">확률과 통계</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%95%EB%A5%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="확률론">확률론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84%ED%95%99" title="통계학">통계학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%95%EB%A5%A0%EB%AF%B8%EC%A0%81%EB%B6%84%ED%95%99" title="확률미적분학">확률미적분학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EC%9E%84_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="게임 이론">게임 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%B0%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="결정이론">결정이론</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="컴퓨터_과학의_주요_분야" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="틀:컴퓨터 과학"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="틀토론:컴퓨터 과학"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="특수:문서편집/틀:컴퓨터 과학"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="컴퓨터_과학의_주요_분야" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="컴퓨터 과학">컴퓨터 과학</a>의 주요 분야</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="수학">수학적 기초</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A6%AC%EB%85%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="수리논리학">수리논리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9%EB%A1%A0" title="집합론">집합론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="정수론">정수론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%ED%94%84_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="그래프 이론">그래프 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%98%95_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="유형 이론">유형 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%94%EC%A3%BC%EB%A1%A0" title="범주론">범주론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%B9%98%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="수치해석학">수치해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%B0%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="이산수학">이산수학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="계산 이론">계산 이론</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0%EB%A7%88%ED%83%80_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="오토마타 이론">오토마타 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0_%EA%B0%80%EB%8A%A5%EC%84%B1_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="계산 가능성 이론">계산 가능성 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0_%EB%B3%B5%EC%9E%A1%EB%8F%84_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="계산 복잡도 이론">계산 복잡도 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="양자컴퓨터">양자 계산 이론</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%98" title="알고리즘">알고리즘</a> & <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%A3%8C_%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0" title="자료 구조">자료 구조</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%98" title="알고리즘">알고리즘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%98_%EC%84%A4%EA%B3%84" title="알고리즘 설계">알고리즘 설계</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%98_%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="알고리즘 해석">알고리즘 해석</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%A3%8C_%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0" title="자료 구조">자료 구조</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="계산기하학">계산기하학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D_%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4" title="프로그래밍 언어">프로그래밍 언어</a> & <a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC" title="컴파일러">컴파일러</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EB%AC%B8_%EB%B6%84%EC%84%9D" title="구문 분석">구문 분석</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC" title="컴파일러">컴파일러</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%ED%84%B0" title="인터프리터">인터프리터</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D_%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4" title="프로그래밍 언어">프로그래밍 언어</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0%EC%A0%81_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D" title="구조적 프로그래밍">구조적 프로그래밍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%A7%80%ED%96%A5_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D" title="객체 지향 프로그래밍">객체 지향 프로그래밍</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EB%A0%AC_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85" title="병렬 컴퓨팅">병렬</a> & <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EC%82%B0_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85" title="분산 컴퓨팅">분산 시스템</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%91%EB%A0%AC_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85" title="병렬 컴퓨팅">병렬 컴퓨팅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%ED%81%B4%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B0" title="컴퓨터 클러스터">컴퓨터 클러스터</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EC%82%B0_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85" title="분산 컴퓨팅">분산 컴퓨팅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85" title="그리드 컴퓨팅">그리드 컴퓨팅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EB%93%9C_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85" title="클라우드 컴퓨팅">클라우드 컴퓨팅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%98%95_%EC%9D%B8%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9F%AD%EC%B2%98" title="서비스형 인프라스트럭처">IaaS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%98%95_%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%AB%ED%8F%BC" title="서비스형 플랫폼">PaaS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%98%95_%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4" title="서비스형 소프트웨어">SaaS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4_%EA%B3%B5%ED%95%99" title="소프트웨어 공학">소프트웨어 공학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EA%B5%AC%EC%82%AC%ED%95%AD_%EB%B6%84%EC%84%9D" title="요구사항 분석">요구 분석</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4_%EC%84%A4%EA%B3%84" title="소프트웨어 설계">소프트웨어 설계</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D" title="컴퓨터 프로그래밍">컴퓨터 프로그래밍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%ED%98%95_%EA%B8%B0%EB%B2%95" title="정형 기법">정형 기법</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4_%ED%85%8C%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="소프트웨어 테스트">소프트웨어 테스트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4_%EA%B0%9C%EB%B0%9C" title="소프트웨어 개발">소프트웨어 개발</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9C_%EC%95%84%ED%82%A4%ED%85%8D%EC%B2%98" title="시스템 아키텍처">시스템 아키텍처</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0" title="컴퓨터 구조">컴퓨터 아키텍처</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%95%84%ED%82%A4%ED%85%8D%EC%B2%98" title="마이크로아키텍처">마이크로아키텍처</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81_%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="운영 체제">운영 체제</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EC%8B%A0" title="통신">통신</a> & <a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EB%84%A4%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%8C%ED%81%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="컴퓨터 네트워크">네트워크</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EC%98%A4%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4" class="mw-disambig" title="컴퓨터 오디오">컴퓨터 오디오</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%ED%8C%85" title="라우팅">라우팅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%8C%ED%81%AC_%ED%86%A0%ED%8F%B4%EB%A1%9C%EC%A7%80" title="네트워크 토폴로지">네트워크 토폴로지</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%94%ED%98%B8%ED%95%99" title="암호학">암호학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%A8%EC%84%B8%EB%8C%80_%ED%86%B5%EC%8B%A0%EB%A7%9D" title="차세대 통신망">차세대 통신망</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="데이터베이스">데이터베이스</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8B%9D" title="데이터 마이닝">데이터 마이닝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84%ED%98%95_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="관계형 데이터베이스">RDBMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQL" title="SQL">SQL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NoSQL" title="NoSQL">NoSQL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%9D%BC%ED%81%B4_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="오라클 데이터베이스">오라클 데이터베이스</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B3%B5%EC%A7%80%EB%8A%A5" title="인공지능">인공지능</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EB%8F%99%EC%B6%94%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="자동추론 (없는 문서)">자동추론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%82%B0%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4%ED%95%99" title="전산언어학">전산언어학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EB%B9%84%EC%A0%84" title="컴퓨터 비전">컴퓨터 비전</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%ED%99%94_%EC%97%B0%EC%82%B0" title="진화 연산">진화 연산</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EA%B3%84_%ED%95%99%EC%8A%B5" title="기계 학습">기계 학습</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0_%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4_%EC%B2%98%EB%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="자연 언어 처리">자연 언어 처리</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B4%87%EA%B3%B5%ED%95%99" title="로봇공학">로봇학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%ED%94%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="컴퓨터 그래픽">컴퓨터 그래픽</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%81%ED%99%94" class="mw-disambig" title="시각화">시각화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%83%81_%EC%B2%98%EB%A6%AC" title="영상 처리">영상 처리</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B0%84%EA%B3%BC_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EC%83%81%ED%98%B8_%EC%9E%91%EC%9A%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="인간과 컴퓨터 상호 작용">인간과 컴퓨터 상호 작용</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EC%A0%91%EA%B7%BC%EC%84%B1" title="컴퓨터 접근성">컴퓨터 접근성</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90_%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="사용자 인터페이스">사용자 인터페이스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%A9%EC%9A%A9_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0" title="착용 컴퓨터">착용 컴퓨터</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%B9%84%EC%BF%BC%ED%84%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85" title="유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅">유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%83%81%ED%98%84%EC%8B%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="가상현실">가상현실</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="계산과학">계산과학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B3%B5%EC%83%9D%EB%AA%85" title="인공생명">인공생명</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4%ED%95%99" title="생물정보학">생물정보학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EC%A7%80%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="인지과학">인지과학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%ED%99%94%ED%95%99" title="계산화학">계산화학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%EC%8B%A0%EA%B2%BD%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="계산신경과학">계산신경과학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="계산물리학">계산물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%B9%98%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%ED%95%99" title="수치해석학">수치해석학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%98%B8%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0" title="기호계산">기호계산</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="정보보호">정보보호</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%94%ED%98%B8%ED%95%99" title="암호학">암호학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B3%B4%EC%95%88" title="물리 보안">물리 보안</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A0%ED%94%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%BC%80%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98_%EB%B3%B4%EC%95%88" title="애플리케이션 보안">애플리케이션 보안</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7_%EB%B3%B4%EC%95%88" title="인터넷 보안">인터넷 보안</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%8C%ED%81%AC_%EB%B3%B4%EC%95%88" title="네트워크 보안">네트워크 보안</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%ED%82%B9" title="해킹">해킹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4_%ED%81%AC%EB%9E%98%ED%82%B9" title="소프트웨어 크래킹">크래킹</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12479#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12479#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12479#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1041214/">FAST</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국가</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4703223">스페인</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb131627085">프랑스</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb131627085">BnF 데이터</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Zahlentheorie"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4067277-3">독일</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007538746905171">이스라엘</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85093222">미국</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00570429">일본</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="teorie čísel"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph126576&CON_LNG=ENG">체코</a></abbr></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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