Light-Activated In Situ Vaccine with Enhanced Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Infiltration and Function for Potent Cancer Immunotherapy

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new collection</label> </li> <li> <input type="radio" id="collections-action-panel-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"> <label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="controls-wrapper"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label> <input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"> <div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="aT0WwvhBs8zasvON5ipURb8OrTtC5Vxl8G8kFlr4n4jAQSNS8xAnKyWa4O6JzOlq"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="aT0WwvhBs8zasvON5ipURb8OrTtC5Vxl8G8kFlr4n4jAQSNS8xAnKyWa4O6JzOlq"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="aT0WwvhBs8zasvON5ipURb8OrTtC5Vxl8G8kFlr4n4jAQSNS8xAnKyWa4O6JzOlq"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="aT0WwvhBs8zasvON5ipURb8OrTtC5Vxl8G8kFlr4n4jAQSNS8xAnKyWa4O6JzOlq"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="38953329"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item pmc dialog-focus" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/38953329/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=38953329&db=pubmed&nlmid=101664569" title="Free full text at PubMed Central" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMC" data-ga-label="38953329" ><span class="text"> Free PMC article </span></a> </div> </div> <div class="short-view"> <a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger"> Full text links </a> </div> </div> <div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/38953329/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/38953329/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="38953329" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections." data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_button" data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false" data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F38953329%2F%23open-collections-dialog" data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog" class="dialog collections-dialog" aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form" class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/" data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/" data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/" data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100" data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="aT0WwvhBs8zasvON5ipURb8OrTtC5Vxl8G8kFlr4n4jAQSNS8xAnKyWa4O6JzOlq"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-new" class="collections-new" name="collections" value="new" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button><button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="sidebar-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="social-sharing"> <h3 class="title"> Share </h3> <ul class="social-sharing-links usa-unstyled-list"> <li> <a 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class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chen+Z&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zhuang Chen">Zhuang Chen</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Luo+Y&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Yi Luo">Yi Luo</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Yang+P&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Peng Yang">Peng Yang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Yang+Z&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zuo Yang">Zuo Yang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Ji+T&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Tiannan Ji">Tiannan Ji</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Emergency, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chi+Y&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Yajing Chi">Yajing Chi</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Wang+S&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Shuyuan Wang">Shuyuan Wang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Zhang+R&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Ruili Zhang">Ruili Zhang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Wang+Z&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zhongliang Wang">Zhongliang Wang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Li+J&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jianxiong Li">Jianxiong Li</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="short-article-details"> Affiliations <button class="more-details" id="toggle-authors" data-alt-text="Collapse" aria-controls="expanded-authors" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore data-fetch-url="/38953329/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title"> Expand </span> </button> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1" id="full-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-2" id="full-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-3" id="full-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Department of Emergency, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-4" id="full-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38953329</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC11434106&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11434106/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC11434106 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1002/advs.202403158&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202403158" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1002/advs.202403158 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <h1 class="heading-title"> Light-Activated In Situ Vaccine with Enhanced Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Infiltration and Function for Potent Cancer Immunotherapy </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Xian An</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> Adv Sci (Weinh)<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <span class="citation-year">2024 Sep</span><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" aria-controls="full-article-details" aria-expanded="false" data-fetch-url="/38953329/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title">Show details</span> </button> <div 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class="title"> Authors </h3> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=An+X&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Xian An">Xian An</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chen+Z&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zhuang Chen">Zhuang Chen</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Luo+Y&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Yi Luo">Yi Luo</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Yang+P&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Peng Yang">Peng Yang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Yang+Z&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zuo Yang">Zuo Yang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Ji+T&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Tiannan Ji">Tiannan Ji</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Emergency, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chi+Y&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Yajing Chi">Yajing Chi</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Wang+S&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Shuyuan Wang">Shuyuan Wang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Zhang+R&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Ruili Zhang">Ruili Zhang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Wang+Z&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zhongliang Wang">Zhongliang Wang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Li+J&cauthor_id=38953329" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jianxiong Li">Jianxiong Li</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Medical School of Chinese PLA & Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Lab of Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (MITM), Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuro-imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, P. R. China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-3" id="short-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Department of Emergency, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-4" id="short-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38953329</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC11434106&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11434106/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC11434106 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1002/advs.202403158&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202403158" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1002/advs.202403158 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/38953329/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/38953329/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> In situ cancer vaccination is an attractive strategy that stimulates protective antitumor immunity. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are major mediators of the adaptive immune defenses, with critical roles in antitumor immune response and establishing immune memory, and are consequently extremely important for in situ vaccines to generate systemic and lasting antitumor efficacy. However, the dense extracellular matrix and hypoxia in solid tumors severely impede the infiltration and function of CTLs, ultimately compromising the efficacy of in situ cancer vaccines. To address this issue, a robust in situ cancer vaccine, Au@MnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (AMOPs), based on a gold nanoparticle core coated with a manganese dioxide shell is developed. The AMOPs modulated the unfavorable tumor microenvironment (TME) to restore CTLs infiltration and function and efficiently induced immunogenic cell death. The Mn<sup>2+</sup>-mediated stimulator of the interferon genes pathway can be activated to further augment the therapeutic efficacy of the AMOPs. Thus, the AMOPs vaccine successfully elicited long-lasting antitumor immunity to considerably inhibit primary, recurrent, and metastatic tumors. This study not only highlights the importance of revitalizing CTLs efficacy against solid tumors but also makes progress toward overcoming TME barriers for sustained antitumor immunity. </p> </div> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Keywords: </strong> cGAS‐STING pathway; cytotoxic T lymphocytes; immunogenic cell death; in situ cancer vaccine; tumor microenvironment. </p> </div> <p class="copyright" id="copyright"> © 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH. </p> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="conflict-of-interest" id="conflict-of-interest"> <h2 class="title"> Conflict of interest statement </h2> <div class="statement"> <p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p> </div> </div> <div class="figures" id="figures"> <h2 class="title"> Figures </h2> <div class="figures-list" id="slides-container" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="0" data-label-slug="scheme-1"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/7f39d3d4ac26/ADVS-11-2403158-g003.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-0" role="button" data-image-width="546" data-image-height="424" data-image-alt="Scheme 1" data-pmc-id="PMC11434106" data-figure-id="advs8884-fig-0007"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-0" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/6c0af9dc6576/ADVS-11-2403158-g003.gif" alt="Scheme 1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="546"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="424"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Scheme 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Schematic illustration of antitumor immunotherapy… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Scheme 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Schematic illustration of antitumor immunotherapy induced by laser: AMOPs vaccination strategy. A) Synthesis… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-0" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Scheme 1 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Schematic illustration of antitumor immunotherapy induced by laser: AMOPs vaccination strategy. A) Synthesis of AMOPs. B) AMOPs are intravenously injected and accumulated in tumors. Upon laser irradiation, they evoked immunogenic death of tumor cells, which release TAA and DAMPs to stimulate DC maturation. The presence of a dense ECM and hypoxic microenvironment in the tumor hinder the subsequent immune response. PTT‐induced ECM degradation and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> are catalyzed to produce O<sub>2</sub>, enhancing CTLs infiltration and antitumor immunotherapeutic efficiency.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="1" data-label-slug="figure-1"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/db6af16d787e/ADVS-11-2403158-g007.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-1" role="button" data-image-width="762" data-image-height="980" data-image-alt="Figure 1" data-pmc-id="PMC11434106" data-figure-id="advs8884-fig-0001"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-1" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/179120602cb5/ADVS-11-2403158-g007.gif" alt="Figure 1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="762"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="980"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Characterization of AMOPs. Transmission electron… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Characterization of AMOPs. Transmission electron microscopy images of A) Au NPs and B)… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 1 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Characterization of AMOPs. Transmission electron microscopy images of A) Au NPs and B) AMOPs; scale bar: 50 nm. C) Energy dispersive spectroscopy elemental mapping of AMOPs obtained from; scale bar: 20 nm. D) Size and E) zeta potential of Au NPs and AMOPs. F) Absorption spectra of Au NPs, MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs, and AMOPs. G) Characterization of AMOPs catalyzing hydrogen peroxide to generate O<sub>2</sub>. H) Characterization of responsive behavior of AMOPs in the presence of GSH. Note: the photographs in G and H were taken after reaction for 30 min with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or GSH. I) Absorption spectra and J) temperature change of AMOPs in PBS or GSH solution under 808 nm laser irradiation, with PBS as blank control. K) The degradation of methylene blue (MB), is used to represent •OH production.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="2" data-label-slug="figure-2"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/8fd887d22008/ADVS-11-2403158-g005.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-2" role="button" data-image-width="600" data-image-height="557" data-image-alt="Figure 2" data-pmc-id="PMC11434106" data-figure-id="advs8884-fig-0002"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-2" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/b10fe4f91785/ADVS-11-2403158-g005.gif" alt="Figure 2" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="600"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="557"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> In vitro laser induction of… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> In vitro laser induction of antitumor effects of AMOPs. The degradation of MB… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 2 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">In vitro laser induction of antitumor effects of AMOPs. The degradation of MB by AMOP in solutions containing A) H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and B) GSH at different times under conditions of 37 or 46 °C, respectively. C) ROS determined by flow cytometry of 4T1 cells in different treatment groups. D) Representative fluorescence images of cellular ROS production in 4T1 cells of different treatment groups. E) MTT assay of 4T1 cells with different treatments (<i>n</i> = 5). F) Flow cytometry analysis of 4T1 cells costained with Annexin V‐FITC and PI after different treatments and G) corresponding apoptosis rates. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. (<i>n</i> = 3). Groups are G1, PBS; G2, Au NPs; G3, MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs; G4, AMOPs; G5, Au NPs + Laser; G6, MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs + Laser; and G7, AMOPs + Laser. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Significance was calculated via unpaired <i>t</i>‐test (<sup>*</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.05; <sup>**</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.01; <sup>***</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.001; <sup>****</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="3" data-label-slug="figure-3"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/3eabb0597411/ADVS-11-2403158-g008.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-3" role="button" data-image-width="733" data-image-height="980" data-image-alt="Figure 3" data-pmc-id="PMC11434106" data-figure-id="advs8884-fig-0003"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-3" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/229e96b7097b/ADVS-11-2403158-g008.gif" alt="Figure 3" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="733"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="980"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> AMOPs‐mediated therapy induced ICD and… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> AMOPs‐mediated therapy induced ICD and activated STING pathway in vitro. A) Representative fluorescence… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-3" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 3 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">AMOPs‐mediated therapy induced ICD and activated STING pathway in vitro. A) Representative fluorescence images and B) Colocation maps of HMGB1 release in 4T1 cells after different treatments; scale bar: 20 µm. C) Representative fluorescence images and D) colocation maps of CRT exposure on the surface of 4T1 cells after different treatments; scale bar: 20 µm. E) Detection of ATP release in media from 4T1 cells after different treatments (<i>n</i> = 3). F) Western blot analysis of cGAS‐STING pathway activation in DC2.4 cells after treatment with indicated groups. Groups are G1, PBS; G2, Au NPs; G3, MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs; G4, AMOPs; G5, Au NPs + Laser; G6, MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs + Laser; and G7, AMOPs + Laser. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Significance was calculated via unpaired <i>t</i>‐test (<sup>****</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="4" data-label-slug="figure-4"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/901a1635ffae/ADVS-11-2403158-g001.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-4" role="button" data-image-width="717" data-image-height="981" data-image-alt="Figure 4" data-pmc-id="PMC11434106" data-figure-id="advs8884-fig-0004"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-4" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/0ef2607b4b7e/ADVS-11-2403158-g001.gif" alt="Figure 4" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="717"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="981"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 4 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Anti‐tumor effect of AMOPs‐mediated therapy… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 4 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Anti‐tumor effect of AMOPs‐mediated therapy in vivo A) Schematic illustration of treatment schedules… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-4" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 4 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Anti‐tumor effect of AMOPs‐mediated therapy in vivo A) Schematic illustration of treatment schedules of 4T1 tumor‐bearing mouse model. B) Representative photograph of the mice after treatment at 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days. C) Relative tumor volume of the mice in each group during the 14 days after treatment (<i>n</i> = 5). D) Tumor weight of the mice in each group after treatment 14 days (<i>n</i> = 5). E) Survival curves of the mice in different treatment groups (<i>n</i> = 5). (F) TUNEL staining, G) H&E staining, H) immunohistochemistry staining of the expression of HIF‐1α, and I) Masson Trichrome staining in the tumor region after different treatments. Scale bar:50 µm. Groups are as follows (G1: PBS; G2: Au NPs; G3: MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs; G4: AMOPs; G5: Au NPs + Laser; G6: MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs + Laser; G7: AMOPs + Laser). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Significance was calculated via an unpaired <i>t</i>‐test. (<i>ns</i>, no significant; <sup>*</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.05; <sup>**</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.01; <sup>***</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.001; <sup>****</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="5" data-label-slug="figure-5"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/837cac451471/ADVS-11-2403158-g002.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-5" role="button" data-image-width="546" data-image-height="599" data-image-alt="Figure 5" data-pmc-id="PMC11434106" data-figure-id="advs8884-fig-0005"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-5" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/2f506afc3a34/ADVS-11-2403158-g002.gif" alt="Figure 5" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="546"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="599"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 5 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Immune activation ability of AMOPs‐mediated… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 5 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Immune activation ability of AMOPs‐mediated therapy. A) Immunofluorescence of HMGB1 and CRT in… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-5" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 5 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Immune activation ability of AMOPs‐mediated therapy. A) Immunofluorescence of HMGB1 and CRT in the tumor tissues after different treatments. Scale bar: 50 µm. B) Representative flow cytometric analysis showing the percentages of matured DCs (CD11c<sup>+</sup> CD80<sup>+</sup>, and CD86<sup>+</sup>) in the lymph nodes and the quantification of matured DCs. (<i>n</i> = 3). C) Representative flow cytometric analysis showing the percentages of CTLs (CD3<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup>, and CD8a<sup>+</sup>) in the tumor tissues and the quantification of CTLs. (<i>n</i> = 3). D) Immunofluorescence of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in the tumor tissues after different treatments. Scale bar: 50 µm. E) The ELISA test of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α in tumor tissue and serum. (<i>n</i> = 3). (Groups: G1: PBS; G2: Au NPs; G3: MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs; G4: AMOPs; G5: Au NPs + Laser; G6: MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs + Laser; G7: AMOPs + Laser). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Significance was calculated via unpaired <i>t</i>‐test (<sup>**</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.01; <sup>***</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.001; <sup>****</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="6" data-label-slug="figure-6"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/3943afee455c/ADVS-11-2403158-g004.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-6" role="button" data-image-width="667" data-image-height="980" data-image-alt="Figure 6" data-pmc-id="PMC11434106" data-figure-id="advs8884-fig-0006"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-6" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b508/11434106/c0230adae03b/ADVS-11-2403158-g004.gif" alt="Figure 6" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="667"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="980"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 6 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Long‐term antitumor memory immune response… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 6 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Long‐term antitumor memory immune response triggered by AMOPs‐mediated therapy in recurrence and metastasis… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-6" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 6 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Long‐term antitumor memory immune response triggered by AMOPs‐mediated therapy in recurrence and metastasis model. A) Schematic of tumor rechallenge assay schedules of 4T1 tumor‐bearing mouse model. Different treatments are (G1) PBS, (G4) AMOPs (15 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), (G5) Au NPs + Laser irradiation (15 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>; 808 nm 1.0 W cm<sup>−2</sup>, 8 min), and (G7) AMOPs + Laser irradiation (15 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>; 808 nm 1.0 W cm<sup>−2</sup>, 8 min). B) Tumor growth kinetics of tumor rechallenge assay (<i>n</i> = 5). C) Relative rechallenge tumor volume of the mice in each group after rechallenge 20 days (<i>n</i> = 5). D) Survival curves of different treatment groups within 60 days (<i>n</i> = 5). E) Representative flow cytometric analysis of memory T cells within the spleen after tumor rechallenge assay. (<i>n</i> = ). F) Representative images of immunofluorescent staining of CD11c<sup>+</sup> and CD103<sup>+</sup> DC cells in mouse lymph nodes with different treatments (blue, cell nuclei staining; green, CD11c<sup>+</sup> staining, red, CD103<sup>+</sup> staining); scale bar: 1 mm (left panels), 50 µm (right panels). G) Schematic of lung metastasis assay schedules of 4T1 tumor‐bearing mouse model. H) Representative images and H&E staining of lungs harvested from the metastatic 4T1 tumor‐bearing mice on day 14; scale bar: 500 µm. I) Heat map of tumor nodules in lungs collected on day 14. (<i>n</i> = 5). J) Numbers of tumor nodules in the lungs collected on day 14 (<i>n</i> = 5). K) Metastasis inhibition rate of different groups. L) Representative immunohistochemical images of CD8<sup>+</sup> cells (brown) in lung tissues collected on day 14 and the quantitation of CD8<sup>+</sup> cells in each field (<i>n</i> = 3); scale bar: 50 µm. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Significance was calculated via unpaired <i>t</i>‐test (ns, not significant; <sup>*</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.05; <sup>**</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.01; <sup>***</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.001; <sup>****</sup> <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="see-all actions-bar"> <button class="show-more" aria-controls="slides-container" data-ga-category="figure" data-ga-action="show_all"> All figures (7) </button> </div>  <div class="pswp figures-dialog" id="figures-dialog" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" data-image-gallery-uid="article-figures" aria-label="Figures Dialog">  <div class="pswp__bg"></div>  <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">  <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div>  <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar">  <div class="pswp__counter"></div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" title="Share"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button>   <div class="pswp__preloader"> <div class="pswp__preloader__icn"> <div class="pswp__preloader__cut"> <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap"> <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div> </div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)"> </button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)"> </button> <div class="pswp__caption"> <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-dialog-caption"> <div class="figure-caption-link-container"> <a class="figure-caption-link" href="#">See this image and copyright information in PMC</a> </div> <div class="figure-caption-center" data-expand-title="click to show full caption" data-collapse-title="click to hide full caption"> </div> <button class="figure-caption-toggle-btn" aria-label="show full caption" data-expand-text="show full caption" data-collapse-text="hide full caption">  </button> </div> </div> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/36848115/" ref="article_id=36848115&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="36848115" data-ga-label=""> Biomineralized MnO<sub>2</sub> Nanoplatforms Mediated Delivery of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with STING Pathway Activation to Potentiate Cancer Radio-Immunotherapy. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Deng Z, Xi M, Zhang C, Wu X, Li Q, Wang C, Fang H, Sun G, Zhang Y, Yang G, Liu Z.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Deng Z, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">ACS Nano. 2023 Mar 14;17(5):4495-4506. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10352. 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href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Neoplasms/immunology"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Neoplasms / immunology"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Neoplasms" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Neoplasms / immunology"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Neoplasms/immunology"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Neoplasms/immunology"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Neoplasms / therapy" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-13" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Neoplasms / therapy </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-13" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Neoplasms / therapy"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Ftherapy%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Ftherapy%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Neoplasms/therapy"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Neoplasms / therapy"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" 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class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Oxides%2Fchemistry%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Oxides%2Fchemistry%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Oxides/chemistry"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Oxides / chemistry"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Oxides" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Oxides / chemistry"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Oxides/chemistry"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Oxides/chemistry"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic* / immunology" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-15" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic* / immunology </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-15" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic* / immunology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22T-Lymphocytes%2C+Cytotoxic%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22T-Lymphocytes%2C+Cytotoxic%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="T-Lymphocytes, 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immunology" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-16" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Tumor Microenvironment* / immunology </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-16" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Tumor Microenvironment* / immunology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Tumor+Microenvironment%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Tumor+Microenvironment%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Tumor Microenvironment/immunology"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Tumor Microenvironment* / immunology"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" 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Light-Activated In Situ Vaccine with Enhanced Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Infiltration and Function for Potent Cancer Immunotherapy - PubMed