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Landscape with Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Sylvia - Wikipedia

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href="/wiki/File:Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain.jpg/280px-Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain.jpg/420px-Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain.jpg/560px-Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1272" /></a><figcaption><i>Landscape with Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Sylvia</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ashmolean_Museum" title="Ashmolean Museum">Ashmolean Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Landscape with Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Sylvia</b></i> is a painting of 1682 in oil on canvas by <a href="/wiki/Claude_Lorrain" title="Claude Lorrain">Claude Lorrain</a> (Claude Gellée, traditionally just "Claude" in English), a painter from the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lorraine" title="Duchy of Lorraine">Duchy of Lorraine</a> who spent his career in Rome. It was painted in Rome for Prince <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna,_8th_Prince_of_Paliano" title="Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna, 8th Prince of Paliano">Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna</a> (1637–1689), Claude's most important patron in his last years, and is now in the <a href="/wiki/Ashmolean_Museum" title="Ashmolean Museum">Ashmolean Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>. It is signed, dated with the year, and inscribed with the subject (at centre bottom), as Claude sometimes did with his less common subjects.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was Claude's last painting, and is perhaps not quite finished; it therefore does not appear in the <i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Veritatis" title="Liber Veritatis">Liber Veritatis</a></i>, where he made drawings to record his finished works. His date of birth is uncertain, but he was at least in his late seventies when he painted it, perhaps as old as 82. It was a <a href="/wiki/Pendant_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendant painting">pendant</a> to his painting, completed six years earlier, <i>View of Carthage with Dido and Aeneas</i> (or <i>Aeneas's Farewell to Dido in Carthage</i>, 1676, now <a href="/wiki/Kunsthalle,_Hamburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kunsthalle, Hamburg">Kunsthalle, Hamburg</a>), another scene from the <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i>, coming earlier than this one. This was the last of Claude's many harbour scenes. With the Oxford painting hung on the left, the groups of figures in each face inwards, and the main buildings frame the outsides of the pair.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Both paintings feature large columns on a classical building, a punning reference to the <a href="/wiki/Colonna_family" title="Colonna family">Colonna family</a>, who included such a column in their coat of arms.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The painting depicts a scene from <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Aeneid_(Dryden)/Book_VII" class="extiw" title="s:Aeneid (Dryden)/Book VII">book 7</a>, verses 483–499, of <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>'s epic poem the <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a>'s son <a href="/wiki/Ascanius" title="Ascanius">Ascanius</a> shoots a stag that is the house-reared pet of Silvia, daughter of "Tyrrheus, chief ranger to the Latian king" (<a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">John Dryden</a>'s translation), provoking a war with <a href="/wiki/Latium" title="Latium">Latium</a> for the future site of Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Virgil's account, over 16 lines, spends most of them describing the closeness of the relationship between Sylvia and the stag. The moment shown is one of stillness, as Ascanius takes aim and the stag, too trusting in its special status, looks at him. Once the arrow is fired the tranquil coastal landscape spreading out behind them will very quickly be disrupted by the war that Virgil goes on to describe.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claude_Lorrain_-_Aeneas%27s_Farewell_to_Dido_in_Carthago_-_WGA05017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Claude_Lorrain_-_Aeneas%27s_Farewell_to_Dido_in_Carthago_-_WGA05017.jpg/320px-Claude_Lorrain_-_Aeneas%27s_Farewell_to_Dido_in_Carthago_-_WGA05017.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Claude_Lorrain_-_Aeneas%27s_Farewell_to_Dido_in_Carthago_-_WGA05017.jpg/480px-Claude_Lorrain_-_Aeneas%27s_Farewell_to_Dido_in_Carthago_-_WGA05017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Claude_Lorrain_-_Aeneas%27s_Farewell_to_Dido_in_Carthago_-_WGA05017.jpg/640px-Claude_Lorrain_-_Aeneas%27s_Farewell_to_Dido_in_Carthago_-_WGA05017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="986" /></a><figcaption><i>View of Carthage with Dido and Aeneas</i>, 1676, <a href="/wiki/Kunsthalle,_Hamburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kunsthalle, Hamburg">Kunsthalle, Hamburg</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Unusually for Claude, the sky is overcast with storm clouds, and the trees are bent by a wind blowing from the left.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The elaborate temple in the <a href="/wiki/Corinthian_order" title="Corinthian order">Corinthian order</a> has long been falling into ruin. On the face of it this, in a scene from before the founding of Rome, is an anachronism that would have been apparent even in the 17th century, but it reflects the state to which ancient Roman monuments were reduced in Claude's own time. The painting therefore embraces the whole trajectory of Roman civilization across history, from its start to its end, and peoples an idealized landscape from Claude's time with figures from its early history.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subject_and_composition">Subject and composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Subject and composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RomanVirgilFolio163r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/RomanVirgilFolio163r.jpg/220px-RomanVirgilFolio163r.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/RomanVirgilFolio163r.jpg/330px-RomanVirgilFolio163r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/RomanVirgilFolio163r.jpg/440px-RomanVirgilFolio163r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="895" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vergilius_Romanus" title="Vergilius Romanus">Vergilius Romanus</a>, 5th-century, <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican Library</a>, Cod. Vat. lat. 3867, f 163 recto</figcaption></figure> <p>The subject is very rare in art, but there is a composition by <a href="/wiki/Rubens" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubens">Rubens</a>, with a painting in <a href="/wiki/Girona" title="Girona">Girona</a> and an <a href="/wiki/Oil_sketch" title="Oil sketch">oil sketch</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art" title="Philadelphia Museum of Art">Philadelphia Museum of Art</a>, showing a different point in the story. This is also a late work, but the composition could hardly be more different; here Sylvia nurses the dying stag as a female companion keeps the hounds off it, and fighting has broken out behind them between the Latins and Ascanius' party.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Claude may well have been aware of a depiction in the <a href="/wiki/Vergilius_Romanus" title="Vergilius Romanus">Vergilius Romanus</a>, a 5th-century illustrated manuscript of the works of Virgil in the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican Library</a> (Cod. Vat. lat. 3867, f 163 recto), which was a subject of interest to Roman cognoscenti. Stripped of the landscape the elements in the picture are similar, though Ascanius has already wounded the stag, and is pulling the bow for a second shot. A scene closer to the Rubens, with the wounded stag finding Silvia, is in the <a href="/wiki/Vergilius_Vaticanus" title="Vergilius Vaticanus">Vergilius Vaticanus</a> of about 400; curiously, this is the point where the two <a href="/wiki/Late_antique" class="mw-redirect" title="Late antique">Late antique</a> Virgil cycles of illustration come closest to matching.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The composition evolved through a series of drawings, beginning in 1669, with two now at <a href="/wiki/Chatsworth_House" title="Chatsworth House">Chatsworth House</a> (1671 or 1678) and the Ashmolean (1682).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The final composition, with the river separating the archer and the stag, was only arrived at late in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> As in the pendant in Hamburg, and many paintings by Claude, the composition draws the viewer's gaze into the background by having two large <i><a href="/wiki/Repoussoir" title="Repoussoir">repoussoir</a></i> elements at each side, where one is very close at hand, and the other set much further back. The diagonal from left to right thus set up is balanced by the river, which flows in the opposite direction.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_figures">The figures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: The figures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia_1682_Claude_Lorrain_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="318" /></a><figcaption>The group of hunters</figcaption></figure> <p>Although virtually every painting by Claude contains figures, even if only a shepherd, their weakness has always been recognised, not least by Claude himself; according to his biographer <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Baldinucci" title="Filippo Baldinucci">Filippo Baldinucci</a> he joked that he charged for his landscapes, but gave the figures for free. According to his other contemporary biographer <a href="/wiki/Joachim_von_Sandrart" title="Joachim von Sandrart">Joachim von Sandrart</a> he had made considerable efforts to improve them, but without success; certainly there are numerous studies, typically for groups of figures, among his drawings.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Claude's last years his figures tend to become ever more elongated, a process taken to an extreme in this painting, of which even its owner says "The hunters are impossibly elongated – Ascanius, in particular, is absurdly top-heavy".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Its pendant has figures almost as extreme. With the mid-20th century fashion for medical diagnosis through art, it was suggested that Claude had developed an optical condition producing such effects, but this has been rejected by doctors and critics alike. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_appreciation">Critical appreciation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Critical appreciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna_(by_Jacob-Ferdinand_Voet)_%E2%80%93_Galleria_Pallavicini,_Rome.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Portrait_of_Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna_%28by_Jacob-Ferdinand_Voet%29_%E2%80%93_Galleria_Pallavicini%2C_Rome.jpg/200px-Portrait_of_Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna_%28by_Jacob-Ferdinand_Voet%29_%E2%80%93_Galleria_Pallavicini%2C_Rome.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Portrait_of_Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna_%28by_Jacob-Ferdinand_Voet%29_%E2%80%93_Galleria_Pallavicini%2C_Rome.jpg/300px-Portrait_of_Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna_%28by_Jacob-Ferdinand_Voet%29_%E2%80%93_Galleria_Pallavicini%2C_Rome.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Portrait_of_Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna_%28by_Jacob-Ferdinand_Voet%29_%E2%80%93_Galleria_Pallavicini%2C_Rome.jpg/400px-Portrait_of_Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna_%28by_Jacob-Ferdinand_Voet%29_%E2%80%93_Galleria_Pallavicini%2C_Rome.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2453" data-file-height="3173" /></a><figcaption>Prince <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Onofrio_Colonna,_8th_Prince_of_Paliano" title="Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna, 8th Prince of Paliano">Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna</a>, the patron, by <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Ferdinand_Voet" title="Jacob Ferdinand Voet">Jacob Ferdinand Voet</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Despite the figures, the painting has been one of the most admired of Claude's works. For <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Blunt" title="Anthony Blunt">Anthony Blunt</a>, it "reveals all the qualities of the artist's last phase ... The range of colour is reduced to its utmost limits: silvery green trees, pale grey-blue sky, grey architecture, and neutral-coloured dresses for the figures. The trees are now so diaphanous and the portico is so open that they hardly interrupt the continuity of the air. The figures are thin and elongated, so that they, too, have the immaterial quality suited to this fairyland. All the elements of Claude's poetry are here in their most naked form, but combined in a magical way which defies analysis".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the Claude specialist <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kitson" title="Michael Kitson">Michael Kitson</a> it "at once sums up and goes beyond Claude's previous development. It is utterly personal and yet has that profound, tremulous and remote quality which characterizes the style of other great artists in their old age."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Provenance_and_prices">Provenance and prices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Provenance and prices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once completed, the painting remained in the <a href="/wiki/Colonna_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonna Palace">Colonna Palace</a> in Rome until 1798/9,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> when the French occupied Rome, alarming the great families of the nobility. Along with many other top paintings from Roman collections, it was bought by the English collector, dealer, writer, and curator <a href="/wiki/William_Young_Ottley" title="William Young Ottley">William Young Ottley</a>. Ottley brought it to London, at a time when Claudes were fetching huge prices.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was sold at <a href="/wiki/Christie%27s" title="Christie&#39;s">Christie's</a> on 16 May 1801 for £462, being from now on separated from its pendant, which fetched £840.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was bought by the banker <a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Baring,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Thomas Baring, 2nd Baronet">Sir Thomas Baring, Bt</a>, and was at his house <a href="/wiki/Stratton_Park" title="Stratton Park">Stratton Park</a>, Hampshire, by 1837. It remained in the <a href="/wiki/Baring_family" title="Baring family">Baring family</a> collection until the <a href="/wiki/Francis_Baring,_2nd_Earl_of_Northbrook" title="Francis Baring, 2nd Earl of Northbrook">2nd Earl of Northbrook</a> sold it at Christie's in 1919 for £588; by this time prices for Claudes had plunged, allowing for inflation.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was given to the Ashmolean in 1926 by Mrs F. Weldon.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kitson, 31; Wine (1994), 24, 101</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kitson, 31; Wine (1994), 101</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wine (1994), 101, 103</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kitson, 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Waterhouse, 207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Waterhouse, 207–208</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Waterhouse, 212–214</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/102467.html?mulR=140804051%7C20"><i>The Death of Silvia's Stag</i></a>, Philadelphia Museum of Art</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stansbury, Mark, Review of <i>Wright, David H. The Roman Vergil and the Origins of Medieval Book Design. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002." in </i>The Medieval Review<i>, Indiana University, 2003, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/tmr/article/view/15504/21622">online text</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kitson, 31, 50–51; Wine (1994), 103; Waterhouse, 220</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wine (1994), 21, 103</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Waterhouse, 209–211</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wine (1994), 12–14; Blunt, 275, n. 243</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ashmolean.org/assets/docs/Exhibitions/AshmoleanPressImagesClaudeLorrain.pdf">Ashmolean Press summary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417112057/http://www.ashmolean.org/assets/docs/Exhibitions/AshmoleanPressImagesClaudeLorrain.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-04-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for <i>Claude Lorrain: The Enchanted Landscape</i> in 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blunt, 176</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kitson, 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kitson, 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reitlinger, 39–40, 274–275</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_tgGAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA26">Sale details</a> in the <i>Memoirs of painting, with a chronological history of the importation of pictures by the great masters into England since the French revolution</i> (1824) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Buchanan_(art_dealer)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="William Buchanan (art dealer) (page does not exist)">William Buchanan</a>. Nos # 31 and 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reitlinger, 276; Ashmolean</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kitson, 31; Ashmolean</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Blunt" title="Anthony Blunt">Blunt, Anthony</a>, <i>Art and Architecture in France, 1500–1700</i>, 2nd edn 1957, Penguin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kitson" title="Michael Kitson">Kitson, Michael</a> (1969), <i>The Art of Claude Lorrain</i> (exhibition catalogue, # 38), 1969, <a href="/wiki/Arts_Council_of_Great_Britain" title="Arts Council of Great Britain">Arts Council of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Reitlinger" title="Gerald Reitlinger">Reitlinger, Gerald</a>; <i>The Economics of Taste, Vol I: The Rise and Fall of Picture Prices 1760–1960</i>, 1961, Barrie and Rockliffe, London</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_Waterhouse" title="Ellis Waterhouse">Waterhouse, Ellis</a>, in <a href="/wiki/David_Piper_(curator)" title="David Piper (curator)">Piper, David</a> ed., <i>Enjoying Paintings</i>, 1964, Penguin</li> <li>Wine, Humphrey (1994), <i>Claude: The Poetic Landscape</i> (exhibition catalogue), 1994, National Gallery Publications Ltd, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1857090462" title="Special:BookSources/1857090462">1857090462</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clark" title="Kenneth Clark">Clark, Kenneth</a>, <i>Landscape into Art</i>, 1949</li> <li>Sonnabend, Martin and Whiteley, Jon, with Ruemelin, Christian. 2011. <i>Claude Lorrain: The Enchanted Landscape</i>. Farnham: Lund Humphries; in association with the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Claude_Lorrain" title="Template:Claude Lorrain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Claude_Lorrain" title="Template talk:Claude Lorrain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Claude_Lorrain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Claude Lorrain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Claude_Lorrain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lorrain" title="Claude Lorrain">Claude Lorrain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Flight_into_Egypt_(Lorrain)" title="The Flight into Egypt (Lorrain)">The Flight into Egypt</a></i> (1635)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_St_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Cervell%C3%B3" title="Landscape with St María de Cervelló">Landscape with St María de Cervelló</a></i> (1637)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_the_Port_of_Santa_Marinella" title="Landscape with the Port of Santa Marinella">Landscape with the Port of Santa Marinella</a></i> (c. 1637–1638)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_the_Temptation_of_St_Anthony_(Lorrain)" title="Landscape with the Temptation of St Anthony (Lorrain)">Landscape with the Temptation of St Anthony</a></i> (c. 1638)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_Apollo_and_Marsyas" title="Landscape with Apollo and Marsyas">Landscape with Apollo and Marsyas</a></i> (c. 1639)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Village_F%C3%AAte" title="Village Fête">Village Fête</a></i> (1639)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_the_Finding_of_Moses_(Lorrain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Landscape with the Finding of Moses (Lorrain)">Landscape with the Finding of Moses</a></i> (1639–1640)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_St_Paula_of_Rome_Embarking_at_Ostia" title="Landscape with St Paula of Rome Embarking at Ostia">Landscape with St Paula of Rome Embarking at Ostia</a></i> (1639–1640)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_the_Burial_of_St_Serapia" title="Landscape with the Burial of St Serapia">Landscape with the Burial of St Serapia</a></i> (1639–1640)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_Tobias_and_Raphael" title="Landscape with Tobias and Raphael">Landscape with Tobias and Raphael</a></i> (1639–1640)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seaport_with_the_Embarkation_of_Saint_Ursula" title="Seaport with the Embarkation of Saint Ursula">Seaport with the Embarkation of Saint Ursula</a></i> (1641)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Trojan_Women_Set_Fire_to_their_Fleet_(Claude_Lorrain)" title="The Trojan Women Set Fire to their Fleet (Claude Lorrain)">The Trojan Women Set Fire to their Fleet</a></i> (c. 1643)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ford_(painting)" title="The Ford (painting)">The Ford</a></i> (1644)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Embarkation_of_the_Queen_of_Sheba" title="The Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba">The Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba</a></i> (1648)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_the_Milvian_Bridge_(Claude)" title="The Battle of the Milvian Bridge (Claude)">The Battle of the Milvian Bridge</a></i> (1655)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rape_of_Europa_(Claude_Lorrain)" title="The Rape of Europa (Claude Lorrain)">The Rape of Europa</a></i> (1655)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_Psyche_Outside_the_Palace_of_Cupid" title="Landscape with Psyche Outside the Palace of Cupid">Landscape with Psyche Outside the Palace of Cupid</a></i> (1664)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Landscape with Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Sylvia</a></i> (1682)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drawings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Veritatis" title="Liber Veritatis">Liber Veritatis</a></i> (1635–1682)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Virgil&amp;#039;s_Aeneid_(19_BC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aeneid" title="Template:Aeneid"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aeneid" title="Template talk:Aeneid"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aeneid" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aeneid"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Virgil&amp;#039;s_Aeneid_(19_BC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> (19 BC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alecto" title="Alecto">Alecto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crinisus" title="Crinisus">Crinisus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid" title="Cupid">Cupid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)">Hymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_(mythology)" title="Juno (mythology)">Juno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_(mythology)" title="Mars (mythology)">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(mythology)" title="Mercury (mythology)">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(mythology)" title="Saturn (mythology)">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberinus_(god)" title="Tiberinus (god)">Tiberinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_(mythology)" title="Venus (mythology)">Venus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trojans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achates_(Aeneid)" title="Achates (Aeneid)">Achates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneads" title="Aeneads">Aeneads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolus" title="Aeolus">Aeolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aletes_(Aeneid_character)" title="Aletes (Aeneid character)">Aletes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchises" title="Anchises">Anchises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiphates" title="Antiphates">Antiphates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascanius" title="Ascanius">Ascanius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caieta" title="Caieta">Caieta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capys" title="Capys">Capys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clonius" title="Clonius">Clonius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corynaeus" title="Corynaeus">Corynaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creusa_(wife_of_Aeneas)" title="Creusa (wife of Aeneas)">Creusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardanus_(son_of_Zeus)" title="Dardanus (son of Zeus)">Dardanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dares_Phrygius" title="Dares Phrygius">Dares Phrygius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deiphobus" title="Deiphobus">Deiphobus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elymus_(mythology)" title="Elymus (mythology)">Elymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entellus" title="Entellus">Entellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisus_and_Euryalus" title="Nisus and Euryalus">Euryalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyas" title="Gyas">Gyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocoon" title="Hippocoon">Hippocoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilioneus" title="Ilioneus">Ilioneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoco%C3%B6n" title="Laocoön">Laocoön</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimas_(Aeneid)" title="Mimas (Aeneid)">Mimas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misenus" title="Misenus">Misenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnestheus" title="Mnestheus">Mnestheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisus_and_Euryalus" title="Nisus and Euryalus">Nisus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornytus" title="Ornytus">Ornytus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palinurus" title="Palinurus">Palinurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandarus" title="Pandarus">Pandarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panthous" title="Panthous">Panthous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polites_(Prince_of_Troy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polites (Prince of Troy)">Polites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripheus" title="Ripheus">Ripheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergestus" title="Sergestus">Sergestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theona" title="Theona">Theano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymoetes" title="Thymoetes">Thymoetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ucalegon" title="Ucalegon">Ucalegon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phoenicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acerbas" title="Acerbas">Acerbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Perenna" title="Anna Perenna">Anna Perenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belus_(Tyre)" title="Belus (Tyre)">Belus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dido" title="Dido">Dido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattan_I" title="Mattan I">Mattan I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmalion_of_Tyre" title="Pygmalion of Tyre">Pygmalion of Tyre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acestes" title="Acestes">Acestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenides" title="Achaemenides">Achaemenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actor_(mythology)" title="Actor (mythology)">Actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Lesser" title="Ajax the Lesser">Ajax the Lesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amata" title="Amata">Amata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androgeus_(Aeneid)" title="Androgeus (Aeneid)">Androgeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automedon" title="Automedon">Automedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aventinus_(mythology)" title="Aventinus (mythology)">Aventinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butes" title="Butes">Butes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilla_(mythology)" title="Camilla (mythology)">Camilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catillus" title="Catillus">Catillus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytius" title="Clytius">Clytius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cydon" title="Cydon">Cydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cydonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cydonians">Cydonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erulus" title="Erulus">Erulus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evander_of_Pallene" class="mw-redirect" title="Evander of Pallene">Evander of Pallene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halaesus" title="Halaesus">Halaesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iarbas" title="Iarbas">Iarbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juturna" title="Juturna">Juturna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latinus" title="Latinus">Latinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lausus" title="Lausus">Lausus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavinia" title="Lavinia">Lavinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macar" title="Macar">Macar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapus" title="Messapus">Messapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabus" title="Metabus">Metabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezentius" title="Mezentius">Mezentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoptolemus" title="Neoptolemus">Neoptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(son_of_Evander)" title="Pallas (son of Evander)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picus" title="Picus">Picus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutuli" title="Rutuli">Rutuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salius" title="Salius">Salius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinon" title="Sinon">Sinon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnus" title="Turnus">Turnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufens" title="Ufens">Ufens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbro_(priest)" title="Umbro (priest)">Umbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venulus" title="Venulus">Venulus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film and TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Avenger_(1962_film)" title="The Avenger (1962 film)">The Avenger</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eneide_(TV_serial)" title="Eneide (TV serial)">Eneide</a></i> (1971–2)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eneyida_(film)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eneyida (film) (page does not exist)">Eneyida</a></i> (1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;828</span> history of Britain)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_d%27En%C3%A9as" title="Roman d&#39;Enéas">Roman d'Enéas</a></i> (1160 poem)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dido,_Queen_of_Carthage_(play)" title="Dido, Queen of Carthage (play)">Dido, Queen of Carthage</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;1593</span> play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amelia_(novel)" title="Amelia (novel)">Amelia</a></i> (1751 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dunciad" title="The Dunciad">The Dunciad</a></i> (1729 poem)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eneida" title="Eneida">Eneida</a></i> (1798 mock epic)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lavinia_(novel)" title="Lavinia (novel)">Lavinia</a></i> (2008 novel)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_(opera)" title="Didone (opera)">Didone</a></i> (1641 Cavalli)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achille_et_Polyx%C3%A8ne" title="Achille et Polyxène">Achille et Polyxène</a></i> (1687 Lully/Collasse)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dido_and_Aeneas" title="Dido and Aeneas">Dido and Aeneas</a></i> (1688 Purcell)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didon_(Desmarets)" title="Didon (Desmarets)">Didon</a></i> (1693 Desmarets)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_abbandonata" title="Didone abbandonata">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1724 libretto Metastasio)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_abbandonata_(Sarro)" title="Didone abbandonata (Sarro)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1724 Sarro)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_abbandonata_(Albinoni)" title="Didone abbandonata (Albinoni)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1724 Albinoni)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_abbandonata_(Vinci)" title="Didone abbandonata (Vinci)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1726 Vinci)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_abbandonata_(Sarti)" title="Didone abbandonata (Sarti)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1762 Sarti)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didon_(Piccinni)" title="Didon (Piccinni)">Didon</a></i> (1783 Piccinni)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dido,_Queen_of_Carthage_(opera)" title="Dido, Queen of Carthage (opera)">Dido, Queen of Carthage</a></i> (1792 Storace)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Les_Troyens" title="Les Troyens">Les Troyens</a></i> (1858 Berlioz)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ballymote" title="Book of Ballymote">Book of Ballymote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_Oxyrhynchus_31" title="Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 31">Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vergilius_Augusteus" title="Vergilius Augusteus">Vergilius Augusteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vergilius_Romanus" title="Vergilius Romanus">Vergilius Romanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vergilius_Vaticanus" title="Vergilius Vaticanus">Vergilius Vaticanus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_astra_(phrase)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad astra (phrase)">Ad astra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annuit_c%C5%93ptis" title="Annuit cœptis">Annuit cœptis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Experto_crede" title="Experto crede">Experto crede</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_favours_the_bold" title="Fortune favours the bold">Fortune favours the bold</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lacrimae_rerum" title="Lacrimae rerum">Lacrimae rerum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_over_matter" title="Mind over matter">Mind over matter</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Obscuris_vera_involvens" title="Obscuris vera involvens">Obscuris vera involvens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quos_ego" title="Quos ego">Quos ego</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beware_of_Greeks_bearing_gifts" title="Beware of Greeks bearing gifts">Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Laoco%C3%B6n_and_His_Sons" title="Laocoön and His Sons">Laocoön and His Sons</a></i> (25 BC)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aeneas,_Anchises,_and_Ascanius" title="Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius">Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius</a></i> (1619)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dream_of_Aeneas_(Salvator_Rosa)" title="The Dream of Aeneas (Salvator Rosa)">The Dream of Aeneas</a></i> (1660–65)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Sylvia</a></i> (1689)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dido_building_Carthage" title="Dido building Carthage">Dido building Carthage</a></i> (1815)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Bough_(painting)" title="The Golden Bough (painting)">The Golden Bough</a></i> (1834)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/And_Then_There_Was_Silence" title="And Then There Was Silence">And Then There Was Silence</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Fire_(album)" title="Gates of Fire (album)">Gates of Fire</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Study</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aposiopesis" title="Aposiopesis">Aposiopesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactylic_hexameter" title="Dactylic hexameter">Dactylic hexameter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysteron_proteron" title="Hysteron proteron">Hysteron proteron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sortes_Vergilianae" title="Sortes Vergilianae">Sortes Vergilianae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_of_Troy" title="Brutus of Troy">Brutus of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eneados" title="Eneados">Eneados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Bough_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Golden Bough (mythology)">The Golden Bough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallels_between_Virgil%27s_Aeneid_and_Homer%27s_Iliad_and_Odyssey" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallels between Virgil&#39;s Aeneid and Homer&#39;s Iliad and Odyssey">Parallels between Virgil's <i>Aeneid</i> and Homer's <i>Iliad</i> and <i>Odyssey</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_commentary_of_the_Aeneid" title="Political commentary of the Aeneid">Political commentary of the <i>Aeneid</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulpicius_Apollinaris" title="Sulpicius Apollinaris">Sulpicius Apollinaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐rbglq Cached time: 20241122155312 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.276 seconds Real time usage: 0.461 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1078/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43367/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 955/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27507/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.133/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2391923/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 260.100 1 -total 39.66% 103.155 3 Template:Navbox 33.34% 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