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id="toc-Marketing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marketing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Marketing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marketing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Release </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Free_upgrade_offer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Free_upgrade_offer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Free upgrade offer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Free_upgrade_offer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Licensing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Licensing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Licensing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Licensing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Features </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Features subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-User_interface_and_desktop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#User_interface_and_desktop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 User interface and desktop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-User_interface_and_desktop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-System_security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#System_security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 System security </div> </a> <ul id="toc-System_security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Command_line" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Command_line"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Command line </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Command_line-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storage_requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storage_requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Storage requirements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storage_requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online_services_and_functionality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online_services_and_functionality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Online services and functionality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_services_and_functionality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Multimedia_and_gaming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Multimedia_and_gaming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Multimedia and gaming </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multimedia_and_gaming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Font_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Font_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Font support </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Font_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editions_and_pricing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions_and_pricing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Editions and pricing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editions_and_pricing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Support_lifecycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_lifecycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Support lifecycle </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Support_lifecycle-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Support lifecycle subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Support_lifecycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hardware_exceptions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hardware_exceptions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Hardware exceptions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hardware_exceptions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extended_Security_Updates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extended_Security_Updates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Extended Security Updates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extended_Security_Updates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Support_and_update_branches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_and_update_branches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Support and update branches </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Support_and_update_branches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Updates_and_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Updates_and_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Updates and support </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Updates_and_support-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Updates and support subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Updates_and_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Preview_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preview_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Preview releases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preview_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Versions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feature_updates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feature_updates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Feature updates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feature_updates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features_in_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features_in_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Features in development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Features_in_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-System_requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#System_requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 System requirements </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-System_requirements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle System requirements subsection </button> <ul id="toc-System_requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Physical_memory_limits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_memory_limits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Physical memory limits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_memory_limits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Processor_limits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Processor_limits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Processor limits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Processor_limits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Reception </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Market_share_and_sales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Market_share_and_sales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Market share and sales </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Market_share_and_sales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Update_system_changes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Update_system_changes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Update system changes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Update_system_changes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_practices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_practices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Distribution practices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_practices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privacy_and_data_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privacy_and_data_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Privacy and data collection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privacy_and_data_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Windows 10</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 93 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" > 93 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2_10" title="ويندوز 10 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويندوز 10" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A6" title="উইন্ডোজ ১০ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইন্ডোজ ১০" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C_10" title="विंडोज 10 – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="विंडोज 10" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_10" title="Microsoft Windows 10 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Microsoft Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_10" title="Microsoft Windows 10 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Microsoft Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2_%DB%B1%DB%B0" title="ویندوز ۱۰ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویندوز ۱۰" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9D_10" title="વિન્ડોઝ 10 – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિન્ડોઝ 10" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%88%EB%8F%84%EC%9A%B0_10" title="윈도우 10 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윈도우 10" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6_10" title="Վինդոուզ 10 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վինդոուզ 10" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6" title="विंडोज १० – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विंडोज १०" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%A6" title="ವಿಂಡೋಸ್ ೧೦ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಂಡೋಸ್ ೧೦" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%94_10" title="ວິນໂດ 10 – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວິນໂດ 10" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_10" title="വിൻഡോസ് 10 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിൻഡോസ് 10" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6" title="विंडोज १० – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विंडोज १०" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2_10" title="ويندوز 10 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويندوز 10" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8_%E1%81%81%E1%81%80" title="ဝင်းဒိုး ၁၀ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝင်းဒိုး ၁၀" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6" title="विन्डोज १० – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विन्डोज १०" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_10" title="Microsoft Windows 10 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Microsoft Windows 10" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A1%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%9C_%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%A6" title="ୱିଣ୍ଡୋଜ ୧୦ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ୱିଣ୍ଡୋଜ ୧୦" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC_10" title="ਵਿੰਡੋਜ਼ 10 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿੰਡੋਜ਼ 10" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%DA%88%D9%88%D8%B2_10" title="ونڈوز 10 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ونڈوز 10" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%86%D8%B2_%D9%A1%D9%A0" title="ویندۆز ١٠ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویندۆز ١٠" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_10" title="விண்டோசு 10 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விண்டோசு 10" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_10" title="విండోస్ 10 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విండోస్ 10" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C_10" title="วินโดวส์ 10 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วินโดวส์ 10" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%DA%88%D9%88%D8%B2_10" title="ونڈوز 10 – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ونڈوز 10" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E7%AA%97%E5%8D%81" title="視窗十 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="視窗十" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Windows 10" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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For the series of operating systems produced from 1995 to 2000, see <a href="/wiki/Windows_9x" title="Windows 9x">Windows 9x</a>. For the related operating system for mobile devices, see <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Windows_1.0" title="Windows 1.0">Windows 1.0</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Operating system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Windows 10</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Version of the <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT" title="Windows NT">Windows NT</a> operating system</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Windows_10_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Windows_10_Logo.svg/200px-Windows_10_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Windows_10_Logo.svg/300px-Windows_10_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Windows_10_Logo.svg/400px-Windows_10_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="88" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Windows_10_desktop.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Windows_10_desktop.png/300px-Windows_10_desktop.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/89/Windows_10_desktop.png 1.5x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="237" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Screenshot of Windows 10, showing the <a href="/wiki/Start_menu" title="Start menu">Start menu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Action_Center" title="Action Center">Action Center</a> in light theme</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Written in</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assembly_language" title="Assembly language">Assembly</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Closed-source</a> (<a href="/wiki/Source-available_software" title="Source-available software">source-available</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Shared_Source_Initiative" title="Shared Source Initiative">Shared Source Initiative</a>)</li><li>Some components <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source" class="mw-redirect" title="Free and open-source">free and open-source</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#RTM" title="Software release life cycle">Released to manufacturing</a></th><td class="infobox-data">July 15, 2015; 9 years ago (2015-07-15)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#General_availability_(GA)" title="Software release life cycle">General availability</a></th><td class="infobox-data">July 29, 2015; 9 years ago (2015-07-29)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">22H2 (10.0.19045.5198) (November 21, 2024; 3 days ago (2024-11-21)<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>) <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Latest_stable_software_release/Windows_10&action=edit">[±]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest preview</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <dl><dt>Release Preview Channel</dt></dl> 22H2 (10.0.19045.5198) (November 21, 2024; 3 days ago (2024-11-21)<a href="#cite_note-b19045-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>) <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Latest_preview_software_release/Windows_10&action=edit">[±]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Marketing target</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Personal_computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal computing">Personal computing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_language" title="Natural language">Available in</a></th><td class="infobox-data">110 languages<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> (Specific language packs included on the device depend on the mobile operator (for cellular connected devices) or device manufacturer. Additional language packs are available for download on the Microsoft Store, pursuant to manufacturer and carrier support.)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background-color: transparent;">List of languages</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Afrikaans - Afrikaans</li> <li>Azərbaycan - Azerbaijani</li> <li>Bosanski - Bosnian</li> <li>Català (Espanya, valencià) - Catalan (Spain, Valencian)</li> <li>Català (Espanya) - Catalan (Spain)</li> <li>Čeština - Czech</li> <li>Cymraeg - Welsh</li> <li>Dansk - Danish</li> <li>Deutsch - German</li> <li>Èdè Yorùbá - Yoruba</li> <li>Eesti - Estonian</li> <li>English (United Kingdom) - English (United Kingdom)</li> <li>English (United States) - English (United States)</li> <li>Español (España) - Spanish (Spain)</li> <li>Español (México) - Spanish (Mexico)</li> <li>Euskara - Basque</li> <li>Filipino - Filipino</li> <li>Français (Canada) - French (Canada)</li> <li>Français (France) - French (France)</li> <li>Gaeilge - Irish</li> <li>Gàidhlig - Scottish Gaelic</li> <li>Galego - Galician</li> <li>Hausa - Hausa</li> <li>Hrvatski - Croatian</li> <li>Igbo - Igbo</li> <li>Indonesia - Indonesian</li> <li>IsiXhosa - Xhosa</li> <li>IsiZulu - Zulu</li> <li>Íslenska - Icelandic</li> <li>Italiano - Italian</li> <li>Kʼicheʼ - Kʼicheʼ</li> <li>Kinyarwanda - Kinyarwanda</li> <li>Kiswahili - Swahili</li> <li>Latviešu - Latvian</li> <li>Lëtzebuergesch - Luxembourgish</li> <li>Lietuvių - Lithuanian</li> <li>Magyar - Hungarian</li> <li>Malti - Maltese</li> <li>Māori - Maori</li> <li>Melayu - Malay</li> <li>Nederlands - Dutch</li> <li>Norsk bokmål - Norwegian Bokmål</li> <li>Norsk nynorsk - Norwegian Nynorsk</li> <li>Oʻzbek - Uzbek</li> <li>Polski - Polish</li> <li>Português (Brasil) - Portuguese (Brazil)</li> <li>Português (Portugal) - Portuguese (Portugal)</li> <li>Română - Romanian</li> <li>Runasimi - Quechua</li> <li>Sesotho sa Leboa - Northern Soto</li> <li>Setswana - Tswana</li> <li>Shqip - Albanian</li> <li>Slovenčina - Slovak</li> <li>Slovenščina - Slovenian</li> <li>Srpski - Serbian (Latin)</li> <li>Suomi - Finnish</li> <li>Svenska - Swedish</li> <li>Tiếng Việt - Vietnamese</li> <li>Türkçe - Turkish</li> <li>Türkmen dili - Turkmen</li> <li>Wolof - Wolof</li> <li>Ελληνικά - Greek</li> <li>Беларуская - Belarusian</li> <li>Български - Bulgarian</li> <li>Кыргызча - Kyrgyz</li> <li>Қазақ тілі - Kazakh</li> <li>Македонски - Macedonian</li> <li>Монгол - Mongolian</li> <li>Русский - Russian</li> <li>Српски (ћирилица, Босна и Херцеговина) - Serbian (Cyrillic, Bosnia & Herzegovina)</li> <li>Српски (ћирилица, Србија) - Serbian (Cyrillic, Serbia)</li> <li>Татар - Tatar</li> <li>Тоҷикӣ - Tajik</li> <li>Українська - Ukrainian</li> <li>ქართული - Georgian</li> <li>Հայերեն - Armenian</li> <li>עברית - Hebrew</li> <li>ئۇيغۇرچە - Uyghur</li> <li>اردو - Urdu</li> <li>العربية - Arabic</li> <li>پنجابی - Punjabi (Arabic)</li> <li>سنڌي - Sindhi (Arabic)</li> <li>فارسی (افغانستان) - Persian (Afghanistan)</li> <li>فارسی (ایران) - Persian (Iran)</li> <li>کوردیی ناوەندی - Sorani Kurdish</li> <li>ትግርኛ - Tigrinya</li> <li>አማርኛ - Amharic</li> <li>कोंकणी - Konkani</li> <li>नेपाली - Nepali</li> <li>मराठी - Marathi</li> <li>हिन्दी - Hindi</li> <li>অসমীয়া - Assamese</li> <li>বাংলা (বাংলাদেশ) - Bangla (Bangladesh)</li> <li>বাংলা (ভারত) - Bangla (India)</li> <li>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ - Punjabi</li> <li>ગુજરાતી - Gujarati</li> <li>ଓଡ଼ିଆ - Odia</li> <li>தமிழ் - Tamil</li> <li>తెలుగు - Telugu</li> <li>ಕನ್ನಡ - Kannada</li> <li>മലയാളം - Malayalam</li> <li>සිංහල - Sinhala</li> <li>ไทย - Thai</li> <li>ລາວ - Lao</li> <li>ខ្មែរ - Khmer</li> <li>ᏣᎳᎩ - Cherokee</li> <li>한국어 - Korean</li> <li>中文 (简体) - Chinese (Simplified)</li> <li>中文 (繁體) - Chinese (Traditional)</li> <li>日本語 - Japanese</li></ul> </div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Update method</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_Update_Services" title="Windows Server Update Services">Windows Server Update Services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a>: <a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a>, <a href="/wiki/ARMv7" class="mw-redirect" title="ARMv7">ARMv7</a>;<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a>: <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a>, <a href="/wiki/ARM64" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM64">ARM64</a> (<a href="/wiki/ARMv8-A" class="mw-redirect" title="ARMv8-A">ARMv8</a>)<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_kernel" title="Hybrid kernel">Hybrid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_kernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows NT kernel">Windows NT kernel</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_space_and_kernel_space" title="User space and kernel space">Userland</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Native_API" class="mw-redirect" title="Native API">Native API</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_API" title="Windows API">Windows API</a> <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a> <a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform" title="Universal Windows Platform">Universal Windows Platform</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux" title="Windows Subsystem for Linux">Windows Subsystem for Linux</a> <a href="/wiki/NTVDM" class="mw-redirect" title="NTVDM">NTVDM</a> (IA-32 only)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">Default user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Windows_shell" title="Windows shell">Windows shell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trialware" class="mw-redirect" title="Trialware">Trialware</a>,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Software_Assurance" title="Microsoft Software Assurance">Microsoft Software Assurance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Developer_Network#Software_subscriptions" title="Microsoft Developer Network">MSDN subscription</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Imagine" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Imagine">Microsoft Imagine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a> (2013)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a> (2021)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150801210403/http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows">Windows 10</a> (archived at <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">All non-<a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSC</a> versions with the latest feature update & excluding <a href="/wiki/IoT_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="IoT Core">IoT Core</a> edition:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Supported until October 14, 2025.<a href="#cite_note-win10homeprolife-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-win10enteredusaclife-17">[17]</a> Paid Extended Security Updates (ESU) for <a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_22H2" title="Windows 10, version 22H2">version 22H2</a>: Supported until October 13, 2026, for <a href="/wiki/Consumer" title="Consumer">consumers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1-YR-ESU-18">[18]</a> Supported until at most October 10, 2028, for businesses and <a href="/wiki/School" title="School">schools</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ESU1-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-ESU2-20">[20]</a> See <a href="#Extended_Security_Updates">§ Extended Security Updates</a> for details.</li></ul> </div> Exceptions exist for LTSC versions & some editions, along with some hardware configurations, until at most January 13, 2032, See <a href="#Support_lifecycle">§ Support lifecycle</a> for details.</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="border-top:#0079D7 5px solid">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Windows_10" title="Category:Windows 10">a series of articles</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-bottom:#0079D7 5px solid"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Windows 10</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Windows_10_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Windows_10_Logo.svg/200px-Windows_10_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Windows_10_Logo.svg/300px-Windows_10_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Windows_10_Logo.svg/400px-Windows_10_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="88" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">Editions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_10" title="Features new to Windows 10">New features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_10" title="List of features removed in Windows 10">Removed features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_history" title="Windows 10 version history">Version history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_10" title="Criticism of Windows 10">Criticism</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e4e4f0"> Siblings</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2016" title="Windows Server 2016">Windows Server 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2019" title="Windows Server 2019">Windows Server 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2022" title="Windows Server 2022">Windows Server 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e4e4f0"> Related</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mixed_Reality" title="Windows Mixed Reality">Windows Mixed Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Insider" title="Windows Insider">Windows Insider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform" title="Universal Windows Platform">Universal Windows Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluent_Design_System" title="Fluent Design System">Fluent Design System</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Windows_10" title="Template:Windows 10"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Windows_10" title="Template talk:Windows 10"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Windows_10" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Windows 10"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Windows 10 is a major release of <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT" title="Windows NT">Windows NT</a> operating system. The successor to <a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a>, it was <a href="/wiki/Software_release_cycle#Release_to_manufacturing_(RTM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Software release cycle">released to manufacturing</a> on July 15, 2015, and later to retail on July 29, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-release-date-21">[21]</a> Windows 10 was made available for download via <a href="/wiki/MSDN" class="mw-redirect" title="MSDN">MSDN</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Technet" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Technet">TechNet</a>, as a free upgrade for retail copies of <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a> and Windows 8.1 users via the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a>, and to <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a> users via <a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a>. Unlike previous Windows NT releases, Windows 10 receives new <a href="/wiki/Software_build" title="Software build">builds</a> on an ongoing basis, which are available at no additional cost to users;<a href="#cite_note-22">[a]</a> devices in enterprise environments can alternatively use <a href="/wiki/Long-term_support" title="Long-term support">long-term support</a> milestones that only receive critical updates, such as security <a href="/wiki/Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patches</a>.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-onebillion-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> In contrast to the <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablet</a>-oriented approach of Windows 8, Microsoft provided the <a href="/wiki/Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop-oriented interface</a> in line with previous versions of Windows in Windows 10. Other features added include <a href="/wiki/Xbox_Live" class="mw-redirect" title="Xbox Live">Xbox Live</a> integration, <a href="/wiki/Cortana_(virtual_assistant)" title="Cortana (virtual assistant)">Cortana</a> virtual assistant, <a href="/wiki/Virtual_desktop" title="Virtual desktop">virtual desktops</a> and the improved <a href="/wiki/Settings_(Windows)" title="Settings (Windows)">Settings</a> component. Windows 10 also replaced <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> with <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a>. As with previous versions, Windows 10 has been developed primarily for <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> processors; in 2018, a version of Windows 10 for <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM</a> processors was released.<a href="#cite_note-:4-25">[24]</a> Windows 10 received generally positive reviews upon its original release, with praise given to the return of the desktop interface, improved bundled software compared to Windows 8.1, and other capabilities. However, media outlets had been critical to behavioral changes of the system like mandatory <a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">update</a> installation, <a href="/wiki/Digital_privacy" title="Digital privacy">privacy</a> concerns over data collection and <a href="/wiki/Adware" title="Adware">adware</a>-like tactics used to promote the operating system on its release.<a href="#cite_note-:3-26">[25]</a> Microsoft initially aimed to have Windows 10 installed on over one billion devices within three years of its release;<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-onebillion-23">[22]</a> that goal was ultimately reached almost five years after release on March 16, 2020,<a href="#cite_note-devicegoal-27">[26]</a> and it had surpassed <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a> as the most popular version of Windows worldwide by January 2018, which remains to be the case in 2024,<a href="#cite_note-share-28">[27]</a> and with a 46% share is also the most-used traditional PC operating system.<a href="#cite_note-:5-29">[28]</a> Windows 10 was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a>, which was released on October 5, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> Windows 10 is the last version of Microsoft Windows that supports <a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit processors</a> (<a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a> and <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture#32-bit_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARMv7-based</a>). Furthermore, it's the last non-<a href="/wiki/Windows_11#IoT_Enterprise_editions" title="Windows 11">IoT edition</a> to officially support <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS firmware</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11_IoT_req-31">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-IoT2-32">[31]</a> It's also the last to officially support systems with <a href="/wiki/TPM_1.2" class="mw-redirect" title="TPM 1.2">TPM 1.2</a> or without any <a href="/wiki/Trusted_Platform_Module" title="Trusted Platform Module">TPM</a> at all.<a href="#cite_note-35">[b]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a> Support for Windows 10 editions which are not in the <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions#Long-Term_Servicing_Channel" title="Windows 10 editions">Long-Term Servicing Channel</a> (LTSC) is set to end on October 14, 2025.<a href="#cite_note-win10homeprolife-16">[16]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2></div> At the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Inspire" title="Microsoft Inspire">Microsoft Worldwide Partner Conference</a> in 2011, Andrew Lees, the chief of Microsoft's mobile technologies, said that the company intended to have a single <a href="/wiki/Software_ecosystem" title="Software ecosystem">software ecosystem</a> for <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">PCs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smartphones" class="mw-redirect" title="Smartphones">smartphones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablets</a>, and other devices: "We won't have an ecosystem for PCs, and one for phones, and one for tablets‍—‌they'll all come together."<a href="#cite_note-UniversalOS-37">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-SingleEcosystem-38">[36]</a> In December 2013, technology writer <a href="/wiki/Mary_Jo_Foley" title="Mary Jo Foley">Mary Jo Foley</a> reported that Microsoft was working on an update to <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a> codenamed "Threshold", after a planet in its <a href="/wiki/Halo_(series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Halo (series)">Halo</a> franchise.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-threshold-39">[37]</a> Similarly to "Blue" (which became <a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a>),<a href="#cite_note-pcw-whatisblue-40">[38]</a> Foley described Threshold, not as a single operating system, but as a "wave of operating systems" across multiple Microsoft platforms and services, quoting Microsoft sources, scheduled for the second quarter of 2015. She also stated that one of the goals for Threshold was to create a unified application platform and development toolkit for Windows, <a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a> (which all use a similar kernel based on <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_kernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows NT kernel">Windows NT</a>).<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-threshold-39">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-9leaks-41">[39]</a> At the <a href="/wiki/Build_(developer_conference)" class="mw-redirect" title="Build (developer conference)">Build Conference</a> in April 2014, Microsoft's <a href="/wiki/Terry_Myerson" title="Terry Myerson">Terry Myerson</a> unveiled an updated version of Windows 8.1 (build 9697) that added the ability to run <a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform_apps" title="Universal Windows Platform apps">Microsoft Store apps</a> inside desktop windows and a <a href="/wiki/Start_menu#Second_version" title="Start menu">more traditional Start menu</a> in place of the <a href="/wiki/Start_menu#Third_version" title="Start menu">Start screen</a> seen in Windows 8. The new Start menu takes after <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a>'s design by using only a portion of the screen and including an application listing in the left column. The right column displays Windows 8-style app tiles. Myerson said that these changes would occur in a future update, but did not elaborate.<a href="#cite_note-pcw-startback-42">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-startreturn-43">[41]</a> Microsoft also unveiled the concept of a "universal Windows app", allowing Windows Store apps created for Windows 8.1 to be <a href="/wiki/Porting" title="Porting">ported</a> to <a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8.1" title="Windows Phone 8.1">Windows Phone 8.1</a> and Xbox One while sharing a common codebase, with an interface designed for different device form factors, and allowing user data and <a href="/wiki/Software_licensing" class="mw-redirect" title="Software licensing">licenses</a> for an app to be shared between multiple platforms. Windows Phone 8.1 would share nearly 90% of the common <a href="/wiki/Windows_Runtime" title="Windows Runtime">Windows Runtime</a> APIs with Windows 8.1 on PCs.<a href="#cite_note-pcw-startback-42">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-windowsApps-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcworld-universalapps-45">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-UniversalApps-46">[44]</a> Screenshots of a Windows build purported to be Threshold were leaked in July 2014, showing the previously presented Start menu and windowed Windows Store apps,<a href="#cite_note-verge-9leaks-41">[39]</a> followed by a further screenshot of a build identifying itself as "Windows Technical Preview", numbered 9834, in September 2014, showing a new virtual desktop system, a notification center, and a new <a href="/wiki/File_Explorer" title="File Explorer">File Explorer</a> icon.<a href="#cite_note-verge-futuredesktop-47">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Announcement">Announcement</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Windows 9" redirects here. For the Windows versions produced from 1995 to 2000, see <a href="/wiki/Windows_9x" title="Windows 9x">Windows 9x</a>. For the Windows version following Windows 8, see <a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a>.</div> On September 30, 2014, Microsoft officially announced that Threshold would be unveiled during a media event as Windows 10. Myerson said that Windows 10 would be Microsoft's "most comprehensive platform ever", providing a single, unified platform for <a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">laptop</a> computers, <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablets</a>, smartphones, and <a href="/wiki/All-in-One_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="All-in-One PC">all-in-one</a> devices.<a href="#cite_note-slate-name-48">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-seatimes-windows10-49">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-ext-why10-50">[48]</a> He emphasized that Windows 10 would take steps towards restoring user interface mechanics from <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a> to improve the experience for users on non-touch devices, noting criticism of Windows 8's touch-oriented interface by keyboard and mouse users.<a href="#cite_note-verge-win10-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-continuum-52">[50]</a> Despite these concessions, Myerson noted that the touch-optimized interface would evolve as well on Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-ext-liveblog-53">[51]</a> In regards to Microsoft naming the new operating system Windows 10 instead of Windows 9, Terry Myerson said that "based on the product that's coming, and just how different our approach will be overall, it wouldn't be right to call it Windows 9."<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-name-54">[52]</a> He also joked that they could not call it "Windows One" (referring to several recent Microsoft products with a similar brand, such as <a href="/wiki/OneDrive" title="OneDrive">OneDrive</a>, <a href="/wiki/OneNote" class="mw-redirect" title="OneNote">OneNote</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a>) because <a href="/wiki/Windows_1.0" title="Windows 1.0">Windows 1.0</a> already existed.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-name-55">[53]</a> At a San Francisco conference in October 2014, Tony Prophet, Microsoft's Vice President of Windows Marketing, said that Windows 9 "came and went", and that Windows 10 would not be "an incremental step from Windows 8.1", but "a material step. We're trying to create one platform, one eco-system that unites as many of the devices from the small embedded Internet of Things, through tablets, through phones, through PCs and, ultimately, into the Xbox."<a href="#cite_note-BuinessInsider-name-56">[54]</a> Further details surrounding Windows 10's consumer-oriented features were presented during another media event held on January 21, 2015, titled "Windows 10: The Next Chapter". The keynote featured the unveiling of Cortana integration within the operating system, new <a href="/wiki/Xbox" title="Xbox">Xbox</a>-oriented features, Windows 10 Mobile, an updated <a href="/wiki/Office_Mobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Office Mobile">Office Mobile</a> suite, <a href="/wiki/Surface_Hub" title="Surface Hub">Surface Hub</a>‍—‌a large-screened Windows 10 device for enterprise collaboration based upon <a href="/wiki/Perceptive_Pixel" title="Perceptive Pixel">Perceptive Pixel</a> technology,<a href="#cite_note-verge-surfacehub-57">[55]</a> along with <a href="/wiki/HoloLens" class="mw-redirect" title="HoloLens">HoloLens</a>‑<a href="/wiki/Augmented_reality" title="Augmented reality">augmented reality</a> <a href="/wiki/Eyewear" title="Eyewear">eyewear</a> and an associated platform for building apps that can render <a href="/wiki/Holograms" class="mw-redirect" title="Holograms">holograms</a> through HoloLens.<a href="#cite_note-pcmag-nextchapterevent-58">[56]</a> Additional developer-oriented details surrounding the "<a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform" title="Universal Windows Platform">Universal Windows Platform</a>" concept were revealed and discussed during Microsoft's <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Build" title="Microsoft Build">Build</a> developers' conference. Among them were the unveiling of "Islandwood", which provides a <a href="/wiki/Middleware" title="Middleware">middleware</a> <a href="/wiki/Toolchain" title="Toolchain">toolchain</a> for compiling <a href="/wiki/Objective-C" title="Objective-C">Objective-C</a>-based software (particularly <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>) to run as universal apps on Windows 10 and Windows 10 Mobile. A port of <a href="/wiki/Candy_Crush_Saga" title="Candy Crush Saga">Candy Crush Saga</a> made using the toolkit, which shared much of its code with the iOS version, was demonstrated, alongside the announcement that the <a href="/wiki/King_(company)" title="King (company)">King</a>-developed game would be bundled with Windows 10 at launch.<a href="#cite_note-ars-humanityweeps-59">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-windowsbridge-60">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-anandtech-islandwood-61">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-vb-androidios-notonlaunch-62">[60]</a> At the 2015 <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Ignite" title="Microsoft Ignite">Ignite conference</a>, Microsoft employee Jerry Nixon stated that Windows 10 would be the "last version of Windows", a statement reflecting the company's intent to apply the <a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">software as a service</a> business model to Windows, with new versions and updates to be released over an indefinite period.<a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> In 2021, however, Microsoft announced that Windows 10 would be succeeded on compatible hardware by <a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a>–and that Windows 10 support will end on October 14, 2025, marking a departure from what had been dubbed "Windows as a service".<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marketing">Marketing</h3></div> On July 20, 2015, Microsoft began "Upgrade Your World", an <a href="/wiki/Advertising_campaign" title="Advertising campaign">advertising campaign</a> centering on Windows 10, with the premiere of television commercials in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The commercials focused on the tagline "A more human way to do", emphasizing new features and technologies supported by Windows 10 that sought to provide a more "personal" experience to users.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-campaign-68">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt-10ads-69">[67]</a> The campaign culminated with launch events in thirteen cities on July 29, 2015, which celebrated "the unprecedented role our biggest fans played in the development of Windows 10".<a href="#cite_note-cw-10campaign-70">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Release">Release</h3></div> On July 29, 2015, Microsoft officially announced that Windows 10 would be <a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#General_availability" title="Software release life cycle">released for retail purchase</a><a href="#cite_note-release-date-21">[21]</a> as a free upgrade from earlier versions of Windows. In comparison to previous Windows releases, which had a longer turnover between the <a href="/wiki/Release_to_manufacturing" class="mw-redirect" title="Release to manufacturing">release to manufacturing</a> (RTM) and general release to allow for testing by vendors (and in some cases, the development of "upgrade kits" to prepare systems for installation of the new version), an <a href="/wiki/HP_Inc." title="HP Inc.">HP</a> executive explained that because it knew Microsoft targeted the operating system for a 2015 release, the company was able to optimize its then-current and upcoming products for Windows 10 in advance of its release, negating the need for such a milestone.<a href="#cite_note-71">[69]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] The general availability build of Windows 10, numbered 10240, was first released to Windows Insider channels for pre-launch testing on July 15, 2015, prior to its formal release.<a href="#cite_note-anandtech-10240-72">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-rtminsider-73">[71]</a> Although a Microsoft official said there would be no specific RTM build of Windows 10, 10240 was described as an RTM build by media outlets because it was released to all Windows Insider members at once (rather than to users on the "Fast ring" first), it no longer carried pre-release branding and <a href="/wiki/Digital_watermarking" title="Digital watermarking">desktop watermark</a> text, and its build number had <a href="/wiki/1024_(number)" title="1024 (number)">mathematical connections</a> to the number 10 in reference to the operating system's naming.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-numbermeaning-77">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-thurrott-notrtm-78">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-rtmfinalized-79">[77]</a> The Enterprise edition was released to <a href="/wiki/Volume_licensing" title="Volume licensing">volume licensing</a> on August 1, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-redmondmag-branches-80">[78]</a> Windows 10 is distributed digitally through the "Media Creation Tool", which is functionally identical to the Windows 8 online installer, and can also be used to generate an <a href="/wiki/ISO_image" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO image">ISO image</a> or USB install media.<a href="#cite_note-wired-howtoupgrade-81">[79]</a> In-place upgrades are supported from most editions of <a href="/wiki/Windows_7_Service_Pack_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 7 Service Pack 1">Windows 7 with Service Pack 1</a> and Windows 8.1 with <a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1#Update" title="Windows 8.1">Update 1</a>, while users with Windows 8 must first upgrade to Windows 8.1. Changing between <a href="/wiki/Computer_architecture" title="Computer architecture">architectures</a> (e.g., upgrading from <a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">32-bit</a> edition to a <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">64-bit</a> editions) via in-place upgrades is not supported; a clean installation is required.<a href="#cite_note-penton-10activate-82">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-w10paths-83">[81]</a> In-place upgrades may be rolled back to the device's previous version of Windows, provided that 30 days have not passed since installation, and backup files were not removed using <a href="/wiki/Disk_Cleanup" title="Disk Cleanup">Disk Cleanup</a>. Windows 10 was available in 190 countries and 111 languages upon its launch, and as part of efforts to "re-engage" with users in China, Microsoft also announced that it would partner with <a href="/wiki/Qihoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Qihoo">Qihoo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tencent" title="Tencent">Tencent</a> to help promote and distribute Windows 10 in China, and that Chinese PC maker <a href="/wiki/Lenovo" title="Lenovo">Lenovo</a> would provide assistance at its service centers and retail outlets for helping users upgrade to Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-ars-freeforall-84">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-w10keepcoming-85">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-10pirate-86">[84]</a> At retail, Windows 10 is priced similarly to editions of Windows 8.1, with U.S. prices set at <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">$</a>119 and $199 for Windows 10 Home and Pro respectively. A Windows 10 Pro Pack license allows upgrades from Windows 10 Home to Windows 10 Pro.<a href="#cite_note-cnet-10msrp-87">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-10upgradedetails-88">[86]</a> Retail copies only ship on <a href="/wiki/USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB flash drive</a> media; however, <a href="/wiki/Original_Equipment_Manufacturing" class="mw-redirect" title="Original Equipment Manufacturing">system builder</a> copies still ship as <a href="/wiki/DVD-ROM" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD-ROM">DVD-ROM</a> media.<a href="#cite_note-anandtech-usb-89">[87]</a> New devices shipping with Windows 10 were also released during the operating system's launch window.<a href="#cite_note-cnet-w10retaildevices-90">[88]</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_RT" title="Windows RT">Windows RT</a> devices cannot be upgraded to Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-w10paths-83">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnet-notdeadyet-91">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Free_upgrade_offer">Free upgrade offer</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions#Free_upgrade" title="Windows 10 editions">Windows 10 editions § Free upgrade</a></div> During its first year of availability,<a href="#cite_note-free-upgrade-faq-92">[90]</a> upgrade licenses for Windows 10 could be obtained at no charge for devices with a <a href="/wiki/Windows_Genuine_Advantage" title="Windows Genuine Advantage">genuine</a> license for an eligible edition of Windows 7 or 8.1.<a href="#cite_note-ars-10upgradedetails-88">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-w10specs-93">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-winasaservice-94">[92]</a> This offer did not apply to Enterprise editions, as customers under an active <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Software_Assurance" title="Microsoft Software Assurance">Software Assurance</a> (SA) contract with upgrade rights are entitled to obtain Windows 10 Enterprise under their existing terms. All users running non-genuine copies of Windows, and those without an existing Windows 7 or 8/8.1 license, were ineligible for this promotion; although upgrades from a non-genuine version were possible, they result in a non-genuine copy of 10.<a href="#cite_note-ars-msbacksaway-95">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-freeforall-84">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-winasaservice-94">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-w10piratednongen-96">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-notfreepirate-97">[95]</a> On the general availability build of Windows 10 (the <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_(original_release)" title="Windows 10 (original release)">original release</a>), to activate and generate the "digital entitlement" for Windows 10, the operating system must have first been installed as an in-place upgrade. During the free upgrade, a <code>genuineticket.xml</code> file is created in the background and the system's motherboard details are registered with a Microsoft Product Activation server. Once installed, the operating system can be reinstalled on that particular system via normal means without a <a href="/wiki/Product_key" title="Product key">product key</a>, and the system's license will automatically be detected via online activation – in essence, the Microsoft Product Activation Server will remember the system's motherboard and give it the green light for product re-activation.<a href="#cite_note-penton-10activate-82">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-digitalentitlement-98">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-cleaninstall-99">[97]</a> Because of installation issues with Upgrade Only installs, the November Update (<a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_1511" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 1511">version 1511</a>) included additional activation mechanisms. This build treated Windows 7 and Windows 8/8.1 product keys as Windows 10 product keys, meaning they could be entered during installation to activate the free license, without the need to upgrade first to "activate" the hardware with Microsoft's activation servers.<a href="#cite_note-Windows_10_Blog-100">[98]</a> For major Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), Windows 8/8.1 and Windows 10 OEM product keys are embedded in the firmware of the motherboard and if the correct edition of Windows 10 is present on the installation media, they are automatically inputted during installation. Since the release of the Fall Creators Update (<a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_1709" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 1709">version 1709</a>), Microsoft decided to release multi-edition installation media, to alleviate installation and product activation issues users experienced because of accidentally installing the wrong edition of Windows 10. The Windows Insider Preview version of Windows 10 automatically updated itself to the generally released version as part of the version progression and continues to be updated to new beta builds, as it had throughout the testing process. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> explicitly stated that <a href="/wiki/Windows_Insider" title="Windows Insider">Windows Insider</a> was not a valid upgrade path for those running a version of <a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a> that is ineligible for the upgrade offer; although, if it was not installed with a license carried over from an in-place upgrade to 10 Insider Preview from Windows 7 or 8.1, the Insider Preview does remain activated as long as the user does not exit the Windows Insider program.<a href="#cite_note-ars-msbacksaway-95">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-w10insiderfree-101">[99]</a> The offer was promoted and delivered via the "Get Windows 10" application (also known as GWX), which was automatically installed via <a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a> ahead of Windows 10's release, and activated on systems deemed eligible for the upgrade offer. Via a <a href="/wiki/Notification_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Notification area">notification area</a> icon, users could access an application that advertised Windows 10 and the free upgrade offer, check device compatibility, and "reserve" an automatic download of the operating system upon its release.<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-nw-reserve10-103">[101]</a> On July 28, a pre-download process began in which Windows 10 installation files were downloaded to some computers that had reserved it. Microsoft said that those who reserved Windows 10 would be able to install it through GWX in a phased rollout process. The operating system could alternatively be downloaded at any time using a separate "Media Creation Tool" setup program, that allows for the creation of <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> or <a href="/wiki/Live_USB" title="Live USB">USB</a> installation media.<a href="#cite_note-wired-howtoupgrade-81">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnet-w10retaildevices-90">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-predownload-104">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-howtoget-105">[103]</a> In May 2016, Microsoft announced that the free upgrade offer would be extended to users of <a href="/wiki/Assistive_technology" title="Assistive technology">assistive technologies</a>; however, Microsoft did not implement any means of certifying eligibility for this offer, which some outlets thereby promoted as being a loophole to fraudulently obtain a free Windows 10 upgrade. Microsoft said that the offer is not intended to be used in this manner.<a href="#cite_note-cnet-assitivetech-106">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcworld-assistive-107">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[106]</a> In November 2017, Microsoft announced that this program would end on December 31, 2017.<a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a> However, another method was found that allowed Windows 7 and 8/8.1 users to upgrade to Windows 10 using existing licenses, even though the free upgrade offers officially ended in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a> Some outlets have continued to promote it as a free method of upgrading from the now-unsupported Windows 7.<a href="#cite_note-111">[109]</a> This free upgrade method was officially closed by Microsoft on September 20, 2023.<a href="#cite_note-112">[110]</a> However, as of 2024, there are some reports that it still works, under certain conditions.<a href="#cite_note-113">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Licensing">Licensing</h2></div> During upgrades, Windows 10 licenses are not tied directly to a product key. Instead, the license status of the system's current installation of Windows is migrated, and a "Digital license" (known as "Digital entitlement" in version 1511 or earlier) is generated during the <a href="/wiki/Windows_Product_Activation" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Product Activation">activation</a> process, which is bound to the hardware information collected during the process. If Windows 10 is reinstalled cleanly and there have not been any significant hardware changes since installation (such as a motherboard change), the online activation process will automatically recognize the system's digital entitlement if no product key is entered during installations. However, unique product keys are still distributed within retail copies of Windows 10. As with previous non-volume-licensed variants of Windows, significant hardware changes will invalidate the digital entitlement, and require Windows to be re-activated.<a href="#cite_note-penton-10activate-82">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-digitalentitlement-98">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_10" title="Features new to Windows 10">Features new to Windows 10</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_10" title="List of features removed in Windows 10">List of features removed in Windows 10</a></div> Windows 10 makes its user experience and functionality more consistent between different classes of device, and addresses many shortcomings of the user interface introduced in <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a>.<a href="#cite_note-verge-win10-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-continuum-52">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-tomsguide-unveiled-115">[113]</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a>, the successor to <a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8.1" title="Windows Phone 8.1">Windows Phone 8.1</a>, shared some user interface elements and apps with its PC counterpart.<a href="#cite_note-verge-thisiswp10-116">[114]</a> Windows 10 supports <a href="/wiki/Universal_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal app">universal apps</a>, an expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Metro-style_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro-style app">Metro-style</a> first introduced in Windows 8. Universal apps can be designed to run across multiple Microsoft product families with nearly identical code‍—‌including <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">PCs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Embedded_system" title="Embedded system">embedded systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surface_Hub" title="Surface Hub">Surface Hub</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Mixed_Reality" title="Windows Mixed Reality">Mixed Reality</a>. The Windows user interface was revised to handle transitions between a <a href="/wiki/Computer_mouse" title="Computer mouse">mouse</a>-oriented interface and a <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreen</a>-optimized interface based on available <a href="/wiki/Input_devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Input devices">input devices</a>‍—‌particularly on <a href="/wiki/2-in-1_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="2-in-1 PC">2-in-1 PCs</a>. Both interfaces include an updated <a href="/wiki/Start_menu" title="Start menu">Start menu</a> which incorporates elements of <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a>'s traditional Start menu with the tiles of Windows 8. Windows 10 also introduced the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a> <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Virtual_desktop" title="Virtual desktop">virtual desktop</a> system, a window and desktop management feature called <a href="/wiki/Task_View" title="Task View">Task View</a>, support for <a href="/wiki/Fingerprint_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingerprint recognition">fingerprint</a> and <a href="/wiki/Face_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Face recognition">face recognition</a> login, new security features for enterprise environments, and <a href="/wiki/DirectX_12" class="mw-redirect" title="DirectX 12">DirectX 12</a>. The Windows Runtime app ecosystem was revised into the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform" title="Universal Windows Platform">Universal Windows Platform</a> (UWP).<a href="#cite_note-windowsApps-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-msdn-uwp-117">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[116]</a> These universal apps are made to run across multiple platforms and device classes, including smartphones, tablets, Xbox One consoles, and other devices compatible with Windows 10. Windows apps share code across platforms, have <a href="/wiki/Responsive_design" class="mw-redirect" title="Responsive design">responsive designs</a> that adapt to the needs of the device and available inputs, can synchronize data between Windows 10 devices (including notifications, credentials, and allowing cross-platform multiplayer for games), and are distributed through the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store_(digital)" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Store (digital)">Microsoft Store</a> (rebranded from Windows Store since September 2017).<a href="#cite_note-119">[117]</a> Developers can allow "cross-buys", where purchased licenses for an app apply to all of the user's compatible devices, rather than only the one they purchased on (e.g., a user purchasing an app on PC is also entitled to use the smartphone version at no extra cost).<a href="#cite_note-pcworld-universalapps-45">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-w10universal-121">[119]</a> The ARM version of Windows 10 allows running applications for <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> processors through <a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a> software emulation.<a href="#cite_note-verge-w10armsoftware-122">[120]</a> On Windows 10, the Microsoft Store serves as a unified storefront for apps, video content, and eBooks.<a href="#cite_note-bw-entertainment-123">[121]</a> Windows 10 also allows <a href="/wiki/Web_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Web app">web apps</a> and desktop software (using either <a href="/wiki/Win32" class="mw-redirect" title="Win32">Win32</a> or <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a>) to be packaged for distribution on the Microsoft Store. Desktop software distributed through Windows Store is packaged using the <a href="/wiki/App-V" class="mw-redirect" title="App-V">App-V</a> system to allow <a href="/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security)" title="Sandbox (computer security)">sandboxing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-appvappgap-125">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="User_interface_and_desktop">User interface and desktop</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1f/Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png/220px-Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1f/Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png/330px-Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1f/Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png/440px-Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption>The "<a href="/wiki/Task_View" title="Task View">Task View</a>" display is a new feature to Windows 10, allowing the use of multiple workspaces.</figcaption></figure> A new iteration of the <a href="/wiki/Start_menu" title="Start menu">Start menu</a> is used on the Windows 10 desktop, with a list of places and other options on the left side, and tiles representing applications on the right. The menu can be resized, and expanded into a full-screen display, which is the default option in Tablet mode.<a href="#cite_note-verge-win10-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-tomsguide-unveiled-115">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-closerlook-126">[124]</a> A new virtual desktop system was added by a feature known as Task View, which displays all open windows and allows users to switch between them, or switch between multiple workspaces.<a href="#cite_note-verge-win10-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-tomsguide-unveiled-115">[113]</a> Universal apps, which previously could be used only in full screen mode, can now be used in self-contained windows similarly to other programs.<a href="#cite_note-verge-win10-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-tomsguide-unveiled-115">[113]</a> Program windows can now be snapped to quadrants of the screen by dragging them to the corner. When a window is snapped to one side of the screen, Task View appears and the user is prompted to choose a second window to fill the unused side of the screen (called "Snap Assist").<a href="#cite_note-tomsguide-unveiled-115">[113]</a> The Windows system icons were also changed.<a href="#cite_note-verge-closerlook-126">[124]</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_shell#Charms" title="Windows shell">Charms</a> have been removed; their functionality in universal apps is accessed from an App commands menu on their title bar.<a href="#cite_note-verge-win10-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-tomsguide-unveiled-115">[113]</a> In its place is Action Center, which displays notifications and settings toggles. It is accessed by clicking an icon in the notification area, or dragging from the right of the screen. Notifications can be synced between multiple devices.<a href="#cite_note-verge-thisiswp10-116">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-closerlook-126">[124]</a> The Settings app (formerly PC Settings) was refreshed and now includes more options that were previously exclusive to the desktop <a href="/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)" title="Control Panel (Windows)">Control Panel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pcpro-settingsmenu-127">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnet-settingsmenu-128">[126]</a> Windows 10 is designed to adapt its user interface based on the type of device being used and available input methods. It offers two separate user interface modes: a user interface optimized for mouse and keyboard, and a "Tablet mode" designed for touchscreens. Users can toggle between these two modes at any time, and Windows can prompt or automatically switch when certain events occur, such as disabling Tablet mode on a tablet if a keyboard or mouse is plugged in, or when a <a href="/wiki/2-in-1_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="2-in-1 PC">2-in-1 PC</a> is switched to its laptop state. In Tablet mode, programs default to a maximized view, and the taskbar contains a back button and hides buttons for opened or pinned programs by default; Task View is used instead to switch between programs. The full screen Start menu is used in this mode, similarly to Windows 8, but scrolls vertically instead of horizontally.<a href="#cite_note-verge-continuum-52">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-thurrotcom-tablet1-129">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-thurrotcom-tablet2-130">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-winbeta-w10touch-131">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="System_security">System security</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Windows_Hello_in_Enpass.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Windows_Hello_in_Enpass.png/220px-Windows_Hello_in_Enpass.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Windows_Hello_in_Enpass.png/330px-Windows_Hello_in_Enpass.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Windows_Hello_in_Enpass.png/440px-Windows_Hello_in_Enpass.png 2x" data-file-width="912" data-file-height="636" /></a><figcaption>Windows Hello unlock prompt while using <a href="/wiki/Enpass" title="Enpass">Enpass</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Password_manager" title="Password manager">password manager</a>)</figcaption></figure> Windows 10 incorporates <a href="/wiki/Multi-factor_authentication" title="Multi-factor authentication">multi-factor authentication</a> technology based upon standards developed by the <a href="/wiki/FIDO_Alliance" title="FIDO Alliance">FIDO Alliance</a>.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-nextgencredentials-132">[130]</a> The operating system includes improved support for <a href="/wiki/Biometric_authentication" class="mw-redirect" title="Biometric authentication">biometric authentication</a> through the Windows Hello platform. Devices with supported cameras (requiring <a href="/wiki/Infrared" title="Infrared">infrared</a> illumination, such as <a href="/wiki/Intel_RealSense" title="Intel RealSense">Intel RealSense</a>) allow users to log in with iris or <a href="/wiki/Face_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Face recognition">face recognition</a>, similarly to <a href="/wiki/Kinect" title="Kinect">Kinect</a>. Devices with supported readers allow users to log in through <a href="/wiki/Fingerprint_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingerprint recognition">fingerprint recognition</a>. Support was also added for palm-vein scanning through a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a> in February 2018.<a href="#cite_note-133">[131]</a> Credentials are stored locally and protected using <a href="/wiki/Asymmetric_encryption" class="mw-redirect" title="Asymmetric encryption">asymmetric encryption</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ars-hello-134">[132]</a> In 2017, researchers demonstrated that Windows Hello could be bypassed on fully-updated Windows 10 version 1703 with a color printout of a person's picture taken with an IR camera.<a href="#cite_note-135">[133]</a> In 2021, researchers were again able to bypass the Windows Hello functionalities by using custom hardware disguised as a camera, which presented an IR photo of the owner's face.<a href="#cite_note-136">[134]</a> In addition to biometric authentication, Windows Hello supports authentication with a <a href="/wiki/Personal_identification_number" title="Personal identification number">PIN</a>. By default, Windows requires a PIN to consist of four digits, but can be configured to permit more complex PINs. However, a PIN is not a simpler <a href="/wiki/Password" title="Password">password</a>. While passwords are transmitted to <a href="/wiki/Domain_controller" title="Domain controller">domain controllers</a>, PINs are not. They are tied to one device, and if compromised, only one device is affected. Backed by a <a href="/wiki/Trusted_Platform_Module" title="Trusted Platform Module">Trusted Platform Module</a> (TPM) chip, Windows uses PINs to create strong asymmetric key pairs. As such, the authentication token transmitted to the server is harder to crack. In addition, whereas weak passwords may be broken via <a href="/wiki/Rainbow_table" title="Rainbow table">rainbow tables</a>, TPM causes the much-simpler Windows PINs to be resilient to <a href="/wiki/Brute-force_attack" title="Brute-force attack">brute-force attacks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-137">[135]</a> When Windows 10 was first introduced, multi-factor authentication was provided by two components: Windows Hello and Passport (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_account" title="Microsoft account">the Passport platform of 1998</a>). Later, Passport was merged into Windows Hello.<a href="#cite_note-138">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-hello-134">[132]</a> The enterprise edition of Windows 10 offers additional security features; administrators can set up policies for the automatic <a href="/wiki/Data_encryption" class="mw-redirect" title="Data encryption">encryption</a> of sensitive data, selectively block applications from accessing encrypted data, and enable Device Guard‍—‌a system which allows administrators to enforce a high-security environment by blocking the execution of software that is not digitally signed by a trusted vendor or Microsoft. Device Guard is designed to protect against <a href="/wiki/Zero-day_exploit" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero-day exploit">zero-day exploits</a>, and runs inside a <a href="/wiki/Hypervisor" title="Hypervisor">hypervisor</a> so that its operation remains separated from the operating system itself.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-nextgencredentials-132">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-techradar-deviceguard-139">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Command_line">Command line</h3></div> The console windows based on <a href="/wiki/Windows_Console" title="Windows Console">Windows Console</a> (for any console app, not just <a href="/wiki/PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Command_Prompt" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Command Prompt">Windows Command Prompt</a>) can now be resized without any restrictions, can be made to cover the full screen by pressing <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249182868">.mw-parser-output .keyboard-key{border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:0.2em;box-shadow:0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,0.1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0),var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa),var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0));color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0.1em 0.3em;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.85em}</style><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">↵ Enter</kbd>, and can use standard keyboard shortcuts, such as those for <a href="/wiki/Cut,_copy,_and_paste" title="Cut, copy, and paste">cut, copy, and paste</a>. Other features such as word wrap and transparency were also added. These functions can be disabled to revert to the legacy console if needed.<a href="#cite_note-140">[138]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Screenshot_of_%E2%80%98Bash_on_Ubuntu_on_Windows%E2%80%99.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Screenshot_of_%E2%80%98Bash_on_Ubuntu_on_Windows%E2%80%99.png/220px-Screenshot_of_%E2%80%98Bash_on_Ubuntu_on_Windows%E2%80%99.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Screenshot_of_%E2%80%98Bash_on_Ubuntu_on_Windows%E2%80%99.png/330px-Screenshot_of_%E2%80%98Bash_on_Ubuntu_on_Windows%E2%80%99.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Screenshot_of_%E2%80%98Bash_on_Ubuntu_on_Windows%E2%80%99.png/440px-Screenshot_of_%E2%80%98Bash_on_Ubuntu_on_Windows%E2%80%99.png 2x" data-file-width="979" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)" title="Bash (Unix shell)">Bash</a> for <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu (operating system)">Ubuntu</a>, running on Windows 10</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_1607" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 1607">Anniversary Update</a> added <a href="/wiki/Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux" title="Windows Subsystem for Linux">Windows Subsystem for Linux</a> (WSL), which allows the installation of a <a href="/wiki/User_space" class="mw-redirect" title="User space">user space</a> environment from a supported <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> <a href="/wiki/Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">distribution</a> that runs natively on Windows. The subsystem translates Linux <a href="/wiki/System_call" title="System call">system calls</a> to those of the Windows NT kernel (only claims full system call compatibility as of WSL 2, included in a later Windows update). The environment can execute the <a href="/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)" title="Bash (Unix shell)">Bash</a> shell and 64-bit command-line programs (WSL 2 also supports 32-bit Linux programs and graphics, assuming supporting software installed,<a href="#cite_note-141">[139]</a> and GPUs support for other uses<a href="#cite_note-142">[140]</a>). Windows applications cannot be executed from the Linux environment, and vice versa. Linux distributions for Windows Subsystem for Linux are obtained through Microsoft Store. The feature initially supported an <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu (operating system)">Ubuntu</a>-based environment; Microsoft announced in May 2017 that it would add <a href="/wiki/Fedora_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fedora (operating system)">Fedora</a> and <a href="/wiki/OpenSUSE" title="OpenSUSE">OpenSUSE</a> environment options as well.<a href="#cite_note-143">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-145">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-susefedorawin10-149">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Storage_requirements">Storage requirements</h3></div> To reduce the storage footprint of the operating system, Windows 10 automatically <a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">compresses</a> system files. The system can reduce the storage footprint of Windows by approximately 1.5 GB for <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> systems and 2.6 GB for <a href="/wiki/64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a> systems. The level of compression used is dependent on a performance assessment performed during installations or by <a href="/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturer" title="Original equipment manufacturer">OEMs</a>, which tests how much compression can be used without harming operating system performance. Furthermore, the Refresh and Reset functions use runtime system files instead, making a separate recovery partition redundant, allowing <a href="/wiki/Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patches</a> and updates to remain installed following the operation, and further reducing the amount of space required for Windows 10 by up to 12 GB. These functions replace the <a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_8#Installation" title="Features new to Windows 8">WIMBoot mode</a> introduced on Windows 8.1 Update, which allowed OEMs to configure low-capacity devices with flash-based storage to use Windows system files out of the compressed <a href="/wiki/Windows_Imaging_Format" title="Windows Imaging Format">WIM image</a> typically used for installation and recovery.<a href="#cite_note-150">[148]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>]<a href="#cite_note-151">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-winblog-compression-152">[150]</a> Windows 10 also includes a function in its Settings app that allows users to view a breakdown of how their device's storage capacity is being used by different types of files, and determine whether certain types of files are saved to internal storage or an <a href="/wiki/SD_card" title="SD card">SD card</a> by default.<a href="#cite_note-techrepublic-storagesense-153">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online_services_and_functionality">Online services and functionality</h3></div> Windows 10 introduces <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a>, a new default <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a>. It initially featured a new <a href="/wiki/Web_standards" title="Web standards">standards</a>-compliant rendering engine derived from <a href="/wiki/Trident_(layout_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trident (layout engine)">Trident</a>, and also includes annotation tools and integration with other Microsoft platforms present within Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-underhood-154">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-ieblog-spartan-155">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-msedge-156">[154]</a> <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_11" title="Internet Explorer 11">Internet Explorer 11</a> is maintained on Windows 10 for compatibility purposes, but is deprecated in favor of Edge and, since mid-June 2022, is no longer supported on editions which follow Microsoft's Modern Lifecycle Policy.<a href="#cite_note-verge-relegatesie11-157">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-ieblog-edge-158">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[158]</a> The initial version of Edge was later succeeded by a new iteration derived from the <a href="/wiki/Chromium_project" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromium project">Chromium Project</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blink_(layout_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blink (layout engine)">Blink layout engine</a>,<a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a> which replaced the previous <a href="/wiki/EdgeHTML" title="EdgeHTML">EdgeHTML</a>-based version of Edge (renamed "Microsoft Edge Legacy"),<a href="#cite_note-162">[160]</a> and is bundled with the OS by default from build 20H2 onwards.<a href="#cite_note-163">[161]</a> Windows 10 incorporates a universal <a href="/wiki/Windows_Search" title="Windows Search">search box</a> located alongside the Start and Task View buttons, which can be hidden or condensed into a single button.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-164">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[163]</a> Previous versions featured Microsoft's <a href="/wiki/Intelligent_personal_assistant" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligent personal assistant">intelligent personal assistant</a> Cortana, which was first introduced with Windows Phone 8.1 in 2014, and supports both text and voice input. Many of its features are a direct carryover from Windows Phone, including integration with <a href="/wiki/Bing_(search_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bing (search engine)">Bing</a>, setting reminders, a Notebook feature for managing personal information, as well as searching for files, playing music, launching applications and setting reminders or sending emails.<a href="#cite_note-166">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-closerlook-126">[124]</a> Since the November 2019 update, Microsoft has begun to downplay Cortana as part of a repositioning of the product towards enterprise use, with the May 2020 update removing its Windows shell integration and consumer-oriented features.<a href="#cite_note-:0-168">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-169">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-164">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[168]</a> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Family_Safety" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Family Safety">Microsoft Family Safety</a> is replaced by Microsoft Family, a <a href="/wiki/Parental_controls" title="Parental controls">parental controls</a> system that applies across Windows platforms and Microsoft online services. Users can create a designated family, and monitor and restrict the actions of users designated as children, such as access to websites, enforcing age ratings on Microsoft Store purchases, and other restrictions. The service can also send weekly e-mail reports to parents detailing a child's computer usage. Unlike previous versions of Windows, child accounts in a family must be associated with a Microsoft account‍—‌which allows these settings to apply across all Windows 10 devices that a particular child is using.<a href="#cite_note-thurrott-family-171">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-bi-emailfamily-172">[170]</a> Windows 10 also offers the Wi-Fi Sense feature originating from Windows Phone 8.1; users can optionally have their device automatically connect to suggested open hotspots, and share their home network's password with contacts (either via <a href="/wiki/Skype" title="Skype">Skype</a>, <a href="/wiki/People_(Microsoft_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="People (Microsoft service)">People</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>) so they may automatically connect to the network on a Windows 10 device without needing to manually enter its password. Credentials are stored in an encrypted form on Microsoft servers and sent to the devices of the selected contacts. Passwords are not viewable by the guest user, and the guest user is not allowed to access other computers or devices on the network. Wi-Fi Sense is not usable on <a href="/wiki/802.1X" class="mw-redirect" title="802.1X">802.1X</a>-encrypted networks. Adding "_optout" at the end of the <a href="/wiki/SSID" class="mw-redirect" title="SSID">SSID</a> will also block the corresponding network from being used for this feature.<a href="#cite_note-pcworld-wifisense-173">[171]</a> Universal calling and messaging apps for Windows 10 are built in as of the November 2015 update: Messaging, Skype Video, and Phone. These offer built-in alternatives to the Skype download and sync with Windows 10 Mobile.<a href="#cite_note-techradar-th2november-174">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-10messaging-175">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multimedia_and_gaming">Multimedia and gaming</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Xbox_Live_games_on_Windows_10" title="List of Xbox Live games on Windows 10">List of Xbox Live games on Windows 10</a></div> Windows 10 provides greater integration with the Xbox ecosystem. Xbox SmartGlass is succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/Xbox_Console_Companion" class="mw-redirect" title="Xbox Console Companion">Xbox Console Companion</a> (formerly the Xbox app), which allows users to browse their game library (including both PC and Xbox console games), and Game DVR is also available using a <a href="/wiki/Keyboard_shortcut" title="Keyboard shortcut">keyboard shortcut</a>, allowing users to save the last 30 seconds of gameplay as a video that can be shared to Xbox Live, OneDrive, or elsewhere.<a href="#cite_note-engadget-w10xbox-176">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-polygon-10xboxapp-177">[175]</a> Windows 10 also allows users to control and play games from an Xbox One console over a local network.<a href="#cite_note-polygon-w10streamone-178">[176]</a> The Xbox Live SDK allows application developers to incorporate Xbox Live functionality into their apps, and future wireless Xbox One accessories, such as controllers, are supported on Windows with an adapter.<a href="#cite_note-xboxgdc15-179">[177]</a> Microsoft also intends to allow cross-purchases and save synchronization between Xbox One and Windows 10 versions of games; <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Studios">Microsoft Studios</a> games such as <a href="/wiki/ReCore" title="ReCore">ReCore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quantum_Break" title="Quantum Break">Quantum Break</a> are intended as being exclusive to Windows 10 and Xbox One.<a href="#cite_note-gs-crossplay-180">[178]</a> <a href="/wiki/Candy_Crush_Saga" title="Candy Crush Saga">Candy Crush Saga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Solitaire_Collection" title="Microsoft Solitaire Collection">Microsoft Solitaire Collection</a> are also automatically installed upon installation of Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-181">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-wired10-182">[180]</a> Windows 10 adds native game recording and screenshot capture ability using the newly introduced Game Bar. Users can also have the OS continuously record gameplay in the background, which then allows the user to save the last few moments of gameplay to the storage device.<a href="#cite_note-183">[181]</a> Windows 10 adds <a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a> and <a href="/wiki/HEVC" class="mw-redirect" title="HEVC">HEVC</a> codecs and support for the <a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a> media container, allowing these formats to be opened in <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Player" title="Windows Media Player">Windows Media Player</a> and other applications.<a href="#cite_note-MicrosoftHEVCNovember2014W10-184">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-flac10-185">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-engadget-mkv10-186">[184]</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Center" title="Windows Media Center">Windows Media Center</a> is no longer bundled.<a href="#cite_note-187">[185]</a> Windows 10 includes <a href="/wiki/DirectX_12" class="mw-redirect" title="DirectX 12">DirectX 12</a>, alongside <a href="/wiki/Windows_Display_Driver_Model#WDDM_2.0" title="Windows Display Driver Model">WDDM 2.0</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dx12PreviewAnandtech-188">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-dx12-w10-189">[187]</a> Unveiled March 2014 at <a href="/wiki/Game_Developers_Conference" title="Game Developers Conference">GDC</a>, DirectX 12 aims to provide "<a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">console</a>-level efficiency" with "closer to the metal" access to hardware resources, and reduced <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a> and graphics driver <a href="/wiki/Overhead_(computing)" title="Overhead (computing)">overhead</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pcworld-woogamers-190">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-techradar-dx12-191">[189]</a> Most of the performance improvements are achieved through <a href="/wiki/Low-level_programming_language" title="Low-level programming language">low-level programming</a>, which allow developers to use resources more efficiently and reduce single-<a href="/wiki/Thread_(computing)" title="Thread (computing)">threaded</a> CPU bottlenecking caused by abstraction through higher level APIs.<a href="#cite_note-192">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[191]</a> DirectX 12 will also feature support for vendor agnostic multi-GPU setups.<a href="#cite_note-194">[192]</a> WDDM 2.0 introduces a new virtual memory management and allocation system to reduce workload on the kernel-mode driver.<a href="#cite_note-dx12PreviewAnandtech-188">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Font_support">Font support</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_typefaces_included_with_Microsoft_Windows" title="List of typefaces included with Microsoft Windows">List of typefaces included with Microsoft Windows</a></div> Windows 10 adds three new default typefaces compared to Windows 8, but omits several others. The removed typefaces are available in supplemental packs and may be added manually over a non-metered internet connection.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editions_and_pricing">Editions and pricing</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">Windows 10 editions</a></div> Windows 10 is available in <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">five main editions</a> for personal computing devices; the Home and Pro editions of which are sold at retail in most countries, and as pre-loaded software on new computers. Home is aimed at home users, while Pro is aimed at <a href="/wiki/Power_user" title="Power user">power users</a> and small businesses. Each edition of Windows 10 includes all of the capabilities and features of the edition below it, and adds additional features oriented towards its market segments; for example, Pro adds additional networking and security features such as <a href="/wiki/BitLocker" title="BitLocker">BitLocker</a>, Device Guard, Windows Update for Business, and the ability to join a <a href="/wiki/Windows_domain" title="Windows domain">domain</a>. Enterprise and Education, contain additional features aimed towards business environments, and are only available through <a href="/wiki/Volume_licensing" title="Volume licensing">volume licensing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-verge-w10editions-196">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-w10editions-197">[195]</a> As part of Microsoft's unification strategies, Windows products that are based on Windows 10's common platform but meant for specialized platforms are marketed as editions of the operating system, rather than as separate product lines. An updated version of Microsoft's <a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a> operating system for smartphones, and also tablets, was branded as <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ars-firstlookwp10-198">[196]</a> Editions of Enterprise and Mobile will also be produced for <a href="/wiki/Embedded_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Embedded systems">embedded systems</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_IoT_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 IoT Core">Windows 10 IoT Core</a>, which is designed specifically for use in small footprint, low-cost devices and <a href="/wiki/Internet_of_Things" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet of Things">Internet of Things</a> (IoT) scenarios and is similar in scope to <a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Compact" title="Windows Embedded Compact">Windows Embedded Compact</a>.<a href="#cite_note-verge-w10editions-196">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-w10editions-197">[195]</a> On May 2, 2017, Microsoft unveiled Windows 10 S (referred to in leaks as Windows 10 Cloud), a feature-limited edition of Windows 10 which was designed primarily for devices in the education market (competing, in particular, with <a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a> netbooks), such as the <a href="/wiki/Surface_Laptop" title="Surface Laptop">Surface Laptop</a> that Microsoft also unveiled at this time. The OS restricts software installation to applications obtained from Microsoft Store; the device may be upgraded to Windows 10 Pro for a fee to enable unrestricted software installation. As a time-limited promotion, Microsoft stated that this upgrade would be free on the Surface Laptop until March 31, 2018.<a href="#cite_note-199">[197]</a> Windows 10 S also contains a faster initial setup and login process, and allows devices to be provisioned using a <a href="/wiki/USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB drive</a> with the Windows Intune for Education platform.<a href="#cite_note-pcw-w10s-200">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-windows10s-201">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-10cloudscreen-203">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-w10cloud-204">[202]</a> In March 2018, Microsoft announced that Windows 10 S would be deprecated because of market confusion and would be replaced by "S Mode", an OEM option wherein Windows defaults to only allowing applications to be installed from Microsoft Store, but does not require payment in order to disable these restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-205">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tung-206">[204]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Support_lifecycle">Support lifecycle</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Support status summary</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#e8ece4">Expiration date</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Servicing/normal support</th><td class="infobox-data">October 14, 2025 (2025-10-14)<a href="#cite_note-LC-FAQ-207">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Paid<a href="#cite_note-209">[207]</a> Extended Security Updates (ESU) support</th><td class="infobox-data">For consumers: October 13, 2026 (2026-10-13)<a href="#cite_note-1-YR-ESU-18">[18]</a> For businesses and schools: October 10, 2028 (2028-10-10)<a href="#cite_note-ESU1-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-ESU2-20">[20]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#e8ece4">Applicable <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">Windows 10 editions</a> Excluding <a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSB</a>/<a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSC</a> editions:</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Home, Pro, Pro for Workstations, Education, Pro Education, Enterprise, <a href="/wiki/IoT_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="IoT Enterprise">IoT Enterprise</a>, Team.<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#e8ece4">Exceptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions#Mobile_Enterprise" title="Windows 10 editions">Mobile Enterprise</a>, and <a href="/wiki/IoT_Mobile" class="mw-redirect" title="IoT Mobile">IoT Mobile</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Unsupported as of January 14, 2020<a href="#cite_note-210">[208]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_IoT_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 IoT Core">Windows 10 IoT Core</a> (non-LTSC)</th><td class="infobox-data">Unsupported as of November 10, 2020<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows 10 Enterprise and <a href="/wiki/IoT_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="IoT Enterprise">IoT Enterprise</a> 2015 <a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSB</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mainstream support ended on October 13, 2020<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a> Extended support until October 14, 2025<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows 10 Enterprise and IoT Enterprise 2016 <a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSB</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mainstream support ended on October 12, 2021<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a> Extended support until October 13, 2026<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows 10 Enterprise, IoT Enterprise, and IoT Core (via IoT Core Services)<a href="#cite_note-211">[209]</a> 2019 <a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mainstream support ended January 9, 2024<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a> Extended support until January 9, 2029<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows 10 Enterprise 2021 <a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Supported until January 12, 2027<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows 10 IoT Enterprise 2021 <a href="/wiki/LTSC" class="mw-redirect" title="LTSC">LTSC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mainstream support until January 12, 2027<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a> Extended support until January 13, 2032<a href="#cite_note-sup-208">[206]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Windows 10 was originally released following Microsoft's fixed lifecycle policy, receiving <a href="/wiki/Mainstream_support" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainstream support">mainstream support</a> for five years after its original release, followed by five years of extended support. However, starting in February 2018 this was switched to the modern lifecycle policy (excluding LTSC), with each version receiving 18 or 30 (only for H2 versions) months of support after release, depending on edition. Furthermore, Home edition does not support the deferral of feature updates and will thus often receive a new version of Windows 10 prior to the end of the 18-month support period.<a href="#cite_note-212">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-LC-FAQ-207">[205]</a> Microsoft will continue to support at least one standard Windows 10 release until October 14, 2025.<a href="#cite_note-win10homeprolife-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-win10enteredusaclife-17">[17]</a> On April 27, 2023, Microsoft announced that version 22H2 would be the last of Windows 10, meaning this version will extend beyond the normal 18/30 months of support.<a href="#cite_note-winroadmapupdate-213">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[212]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hardware_exceptions">Hardware exceptions</h3></div> Microsoft's support lifecycle policy for the operating system notes that updates "are cumulative, with each update built upon all of the updates that preceded it", that "a device needs to install the latest update to remain supported", and that a device's ability to receive future updates will depend on hardware compatibility, driver availability, and whether the device is within the <a href="/wiki/OEM" class="mw-redirect" title="OEM">OEM</a>'s "support period"‍‍—‌a new aspect not accounted for in lifecycle policies for previous versions.<a href="#cite_note-computerworld-10years-215">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-winasaservice-94">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-patchstick-216">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-supportedlifetime-217">[215]</a> This policy was first invoked in 2017 to block <a href="/wiki/Intel_Clover_Trail" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Clover Trail">Intel Clover Trail</a> devices from receiving the <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_1703" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 1703">Creators Update</a>, as Microsoft asserts that future updates "require additional hardware support to provide the best possible experience", and that Intel no longer provided support or drivers for the platform. Microsoft stated that these devices would no longer receive feature updates, but would still receive security updates through January 2023.<a href="#cite_note-pcworld-clovertrail-218">[216]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Extended_Security_Updates">Extended Security Updates</h3></div> Microsoft announced an Extended Security Update (ESU) service in December 2023 for Windows 10 devices, lasting until October 2028, on an annual pricing plan. Unlike previous Windows ESU services, Windows 10 ESU will be available to individual <a href="/wiki/Consumer" title="Consumer">consumers</a> as well, albeit only for a single year.<a href="#cite_note-219">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-ESU1-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-ESU2-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-1-YR-ESU-18">[18]</a> Regarding pricing, annual pricing doubles each year. For businesses, per device, the pricing will be $61 for the first year, $122 for the second, and $244 for the third. Businesses using a cloud based update management solution such as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Intune" title="Microsoft Intune">Microsoft Intune</a> will get a 25% discount. For education users, per device pricing is $1 for the first year, then $2 and $4 for each subsequent year.<a href="#cite_note-220">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[219]</a> Consumer pricing is $30 per device, for one year only, with enrollment starting in 2025.<a href="#cite_note-1-YR-ESU-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support_and_update_branches">Support and update branches</h3></div> The following table collects current status of the aforementioned updating and support of different branches of Windows 10:<a href="#cite_note-ars-winasaservice-94">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-Microsoft-222">[220]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBS_Interactive-223">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-Penton-224">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-LTSC_update-225">[223]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;width:auto;font-size:90%;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Update branch </th> <th style="width:22%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> internal channels (<a href="/wiki/Windows_Insider#Channels" title="Windows Insider">more information here</a>) </th> <th style="width:22%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Insider" title="Windows Insider">Windows Insider</a> Preview Channels (WIPB) </th> <th style="width:22%">General Availability Channel "End user" </th> <th style="width:22%">Long-Term Servicing Channel "<a href="/wiki/Mission_critical" title="Mission critical">Mission critical</a>" </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">Edition</a> </th> <td colspan="3">Home, Pro, Pro for Workstations, Education, Pro Education, Enterprise, IoT Enterprise & Team </td> <td>Enterprise LTSC, IoT Enterprise LTSC, & IoT Core LTSC </td></tr> <tr> <th>Critical updates Security patches and stability updates </th> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Continuous </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Continuous as made available </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Automatic </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">User can defer updates indefinitely </td></tr> <tr> <th>Feature upgrades Non-critical functionality and feature updates </th> <td style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;">Automatic or defer<a href="#cite_note-226">[224]</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">Only through LTSC in-place upgrades </td></tr> <tr> <th>Feature upgrades cadence </th> <td>Continuous </td> <td>Continuous as released </td> <td>Continuous, deferrable (excluding Home edition) for 12 months at a time; once a deferral period is past, no further deferrals possible until latest updates are installed </td> <td>LTSC releases are stable 'snapshots' of AC </td></tr> <tr> <th>Upgrade support </th> <td colspan="2">Continuous updating, features come and go silently with new builds </td> <td>Continuous updating or in-place upgrade to supported LTSC builds </td> <td>In-place upgrade support for the three most recent LTSC builds </td></tr> <tr> <th>Update support </th> <td colspan="2">Only the latest build is supported </td> <td>10 years (or ~6 months from deferring build upgrade or until future builds require hardware support the old device does not have.) + 1 year paid extended security updates (ESU) for consumers or 3 years for businesses and schools </td> <td>5 years (for 2021, non-IoT) or 5 years mainstream + 5 years extended (for 2019 and older, all <a href="/wiki/Windows_IoT#Enterprise" title="Windows IoT">IoT versions</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Update methods </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a> Windows Update for Business <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_Update_Services" title="Windows Server Update Services">Windows Server Update Services</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Updates_and_support">Updates and support</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_history" title="Windows 10 version history">Windows 10 version history</a></div> Unlike previous versions of Windows, Windows Update does not allow the selective installation of updates, and all updates (including <a href="/wiki/Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patches</a>, feature updates, and <a href="/wiki/Driver_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Driver software">driver software</a>) are downloaded and installed automatically. Users can only choose whether their system will <a href="/wiki/Reboot" title="Reboot">reboot</a> automatically to install updates when the system is inactive, or be notified to schedule a reboot.<a href="#cite_note-cnet-scheduleupdate-227">[225]</a><a href="#cite_note-crn-updates-228">[226]</a> If a wireless network is designated as "Metered"—a function which automatically reduces the operating system's background network activity to conserve <a href="/wiki/Data_cap" title="Data cap">limits on Internet usage</a>—most updates are not downloaded until the device is connected to a non-metered network. Version 1703 allows wired (<a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>) networks to be designated as metered, but Windows may still download certain updates while connected to a metered network.<a href="#cite_note-pcw-w10meteredupdates-229">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-230">[228]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 2004">version 2004</a>, by installing the August 2020 security update and later versions, driver and non-security updates pushed via Windows Update that are considered optional are no longer automatically downloaded and installed in their devices. Users can access them on Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update > View optional update.<a href="#cite_note-231">[229]</a> Updates can cause compatibility or other problems; a Microsoft troubleshooter program allows bad updates to be uninstalled.<a href="#cite_note-232">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[231]</a> Under the Windows <a href="/wiki/End-user_license_agreement" title="End-user license agreement">end-user license agreement</a>, users consent to the automatic installation of all updates, features and drivers provided by the service, and implicitly consent "without any additional notice" to the possibility of features being modified or removed.<a href="#cite_note-ars-updateeula-234">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-details-235">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-culmwitheld2-236">[234]</a> The agreement also states, specifically for users of Windows 10 in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, that they may pause updates by disconnecting their device from the Internet.<a href="#cite_note-237">[235]</a> Windows Update can also use a <a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer</a> system for distributing updates; by default, users' <a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(computing)" title="Bandwidth (computing)">bandwidth</a> is used to distribute previously downloaded updates to other users, in combination with Microsoft servers. Users can instead choose to only use peer-to-peer updates within their <a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">local area network</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pcw-peertopeer-238">[236]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preview_releases">Preview releases</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Windows_Insider" title="Windows Insider">Windows Insider</a></div> A <a href="/wiki/Public_beta" class="mw-redirect" title="Public beta">public beta</a> program for Windows 10 known as the <a href="/wiki/Windows_Insider" title="Windows Insider">Windows Insider</a> Program began with the first publicly available preview release on October 1, 2014. Insider preview builds are aimed towards enthusiasts and enterprise users for the testing and evaluation of updates and new features.<a href="#cite_note-verge-10tp-239">[237]</a> Users of the Windows Insider program receive occasional updates to newer preview builds of the operating system and continue to be able to evaluate preview releases after <a href="/wiki/Software_release_cycle#General_availability" class="mw-redirect" title="Software release cycle">general availability (GA)</a> in July 2015‍—‌this is in contrast to previous Windows beta programs, where public preview builds were released less frequently and only during the months preceding GA.<a href="#cite_note-verge-win10-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-ext-liveblog-53">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-windows10turbo-240">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-10tp-239">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-10tp-241">[239]</a> Windows Insider builds continue to be released, post <a href="/wiki/Release_to_manufacturing" class="mw-redirect" title="Release to manufacturing">release to manufacturing</a> (RTM) of Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-ars-msbacksaway-95">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-w10insiderfree-101">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Versions">Versions</h3></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"> <caption><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float:left"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Windows_10_versions" title="Template:Windows 10 versions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Windows_10_versions" title="Template talk:Windows 10 versions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Windows_10_versions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Windows 10 versions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div>Windows 10 versions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Version </th> <th rowspan="3">Codename </th> <th rowspan="3">Marketing name </th> <th rowspan="3">Build </th> <th rowspan="3">Release date </th> <th colspan="7">Supported until (and support status by color) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">GAC<a href="#cite_note-242">[c]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">LTSC<a href="#cite_note-243">[d]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">ESU<a href="#cite_note-244">[e]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Mobile </th></tr> <tr> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Home, Pro,</li><li>Pro Education,</li><li>Pro for Workstations</li></ul></div> </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Education,</li><li>Enterprise,</li><li>IoT Enterprise</li></ul></div> </th> <th>Enterprise </th> <th>IoT Enterprise </th> <th>For consumers </th> <th>For businesses and schools </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_(original_release)" title="Windows 10 (original release)">1507</a> </td> <td>Threshold </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>10240 </td> <td>July 29, 2015 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">May 9, 2017 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#fef8c6;color:black;">October 14, 2025<a href="#cite_note-245">[f]</a> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="13data-sort-value=""" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1511" title="Windows 10, version 1511">1511</a> </td> <td>Threshold 2 </td> <td>November Update </td> <td>10586 </td> <td>November 10, 2015 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">October 10, 2017 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">April 10, 2018<a href="#cite_note-246">[g]</a> </td> <td colspan="2data-sort-value=""" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">January 9, 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1607" title="Windows 10, version 1607">1607</a> </td> <td>Redstone </td> <td>Anniversary Update </td> <td>14393 </td> <td>August 2, 2016 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">April 10, 2018<a href="#cite_note-A1-247">[h]</a> </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">April 9, 2019<a href="#cite_note-A1-247">[h]</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#fef8c6;color:black;">October 13, 2026<a href="#cite_note-248">[i]</a> </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">October 9, 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1703" title="Windows 10, version 1703">1703</a> </td> <td>Redstone 2 </td> <td>Creators Update </td> <td>15063 </td> <td>April 5, 2017<a href="#cite_note-249">[j]</a> </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">October 9, 2018 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">October 8, 2019<a href="#cite_note-250">[k]</a> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="3data-sort-value=""" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">June 11, 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1709" title="Windows 10, version 1709">1709</a> </td> <td>Redstone 3 </td> <td>Fall Creators Update </td> <td>16299<a href="#cite_note-251">[l]</a> </td> <td>October 17, 2017 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">April 9, 2019 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">October 13, 2020<a href="#cite_note-252">[m]</a> </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">January 14, 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1803" title="Windows 10, version 1803">1803</a> </td> <td>Redstone 4 </td> <td>April 2018 Update </td> <td>17134 </td> <td>April 30, 2018 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">November 12, 2019 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;" rowspan="2">May 11, 2021<a href="#cite_note-253">[n]</a> </td> <td rowspan="9data-sort-value=""" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1809" title="Windows 10, version 1809">1809</a> </td> <td>Redstone 5 </td> <td>October 2018 Update </td> <td>17763 </td> <td>November 13, 2018<a href="#cite_note-254">[o]</a> </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">November 10, 2020<a href="#cite_note-255">[p]</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#fef8c6;color:black;">January 9, 2029<a href="#cite_note-256">[q]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1903" title="Windows 10, version 1903">1903</a> </td> <td>19H1 </td> <td>May 2019 Update </td> <td>18362 </td> <td>May 21, 2019 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">December 8, 2020 </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="5data-sort-value=""" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1909" title="Windows 10, version 1909">1909</a> </td> <td>19H2 </td> <td>November 2019 Update </td> <td>18363 </td> <td>November 12, 2019 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">May 11, 2021 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">May 10, 2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_2004" title="Windows 10, version 2004">2004</a> </td> <td>20H1 </td> <td>May 2020 Update </td> <td>19041 </td> <td>May 27, 2020 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">December 14, 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_20H2" title="Windows 10, version 20H2">20H2</a> </td> <td>20H2 </td> <td>October 2020 Update </td> <td>19042 </td> <td>October 20, 2020 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">May 10, 2022 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">May 9, 2023 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_21H1" title="Windows 10, version 21H1">21H1</a> </td> <td>21H1 </td> <td>May 2021 Update </td> <td>19043 </td> <td>May 18, 2021 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">December 13, 2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_21H2" title="Windows 10, version 21H2">21H2</a> </td> <td>21H2 </td> <td>November 2021 Update </td> <td>19044 </td> <td>November 16, 2021 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">June 13, 2023 </td> <td style="background:#fdb3ab;color:black;">June 11, 2024 </td> <td style="background:#d4f4b4;color:black;">January 12, 2027 </td> <td style="background:#d4f4b4;color:black;">January 13, 2032<a href="#cite_note-257">[r]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_22H2" title="Windows 10, version 22H2">22H2</a> </td> <td>22H2 </td> <td>2022 Update </td> <td>19045 </td> <td>October 18, 2022 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#d4f4b4;color:black;">October 14, 2025 </td> <td colspan="2data-sort-value=""" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background:#d4f4b4;color:black;">October 13, 2026 </td> <td style="background:#d4f4b4;color:black;">October 10, 2028 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="12">Legend: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>  Unsupported version<a href="#cite_note-258">[s]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  Older version, still maintained<a href="#cite_note-259">[t]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  Latest version<a href="#cite_note-260">[u]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="12" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:left">Notes: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> In addition to additional test builds of Windows 10, which are available to Windows Insiders </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> Excluding <a href="/wiki/Windows_11#IoT_Enterprise_editions" title="Windows 11">IoT editions</a><a href="#cite_note-11_IoT_req-31">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-IoT2-32">[31]</a> and select Microsoft approved <a href="/wiki/OEM" class="mw-redirect" title="OEM">OEM</a> systems<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> General Availability Channel, formerly Semi-Annual Channel (SAC) and Current Branch (CB). </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a> Long-Term Servicing Channel, formerly Long-Term Servicing Branch (LTSB). </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a> Extended Security Updates (paid) </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a> Mainstream support ended on October 13, 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a> Supplemental servicing for Enterprise and Education editions. </li> <li id="cite_note-A1-247">^ <a href="#cite_ref-A1_247-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-A1_247-1">b</a> January 10, 2023, for <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> <a href="/wiki/Clover_Trail" class="mw-redirect" title="Clover Trail">Clover Trail</a> based systems. </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">^</a> Mainstream support ended on October 12, 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">^</a> April 11, 2017, for Education, Enterprise, and IoT Enterprise editions. </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">^</a> March 9, 2021, for <a href="/wiki/Surface_Hub" title="Surface Hub">Surface Hub</a> devices. </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> Windows 10 Mobile: 15254. </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a> Originally EOS by April 14, 2020, but postponed due to <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> Originally EOS by November 10, 2020, but postponed due to COVID-19 pandemic. </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a> Originally released on October 2, 2018, but was pushed back due to bugs. </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> Originally EOS by May 12, 2020, but postponed due to COVID-19 pandemic. </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> Mainstream support ended on January 9, 2024. </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a> Mainstream support until January 12, 2027. </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">^</a> Windows 10 builds that have this color have reached their expiration dates and are no longer supported by Microsoft in their respective servicing channel. </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">^</a> Windows 10 builds that have this color are no longer the latest version of Windows 10, but are still supported by Microsoft in their respective servicing channel. </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a> Windows 10 builds that have this color are the latest (by servicing channel) public version of Windows 10. </li> </ol></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feature_updates">Feature updates</h3></div> Windows 10 is often described by Microsoft as being a "<a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">service</a>", as it receives regular "feature updates" that contain new features and other updates and fixes.<a href="#cite_note-ars-winasaservice-94">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-win10freefirstyear-261">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-nextgen-262">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a> In April 2017, Microsoft stated that these updates would be released twice a year every March and September in the future, which eventually continued until <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_21H2" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 21H2">version 21H2</a>.<a href="#cite_note-verge-update_sched-264">[243]</a> Mainstream builds of Windows 10, up to 2004, were labeled "YYMM", with "YY" representing the two-digit year and "MM" representing the month of release. For example, version 1809 was released in September (the ninth month) of 2018. This was changed with the 20H2 release where "MM" represents the half of the year in which the update was released, for example H1 for the first half and H2 for the second half.<a href="#cite_note-zd20h2-265">[244]</a> Before version 1903, the pace at which feature updates are received by devices was dependent on which release channel was used. The default branch for all users of Windows 10 Home and Pro was "Semi-Annual Channel (Targeted)" (formerly "Current Branch", or "CB"),<a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a> which received stable builds after they were publicly released by Microsoft. Each build of Windows 10 is supported for either 18 or 30 (only for H2 versions) months after its original release, dependent on edition.<a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a> In enterprise environments, Microsoft officially intended that this branch was used for "targeted" deployments of newly released stable versions so that they could be evaluated and tested on a limited number of devices before a wider deployment. Once a stable build is certified by Microsoft and its partners as being suitable for broad deployment, the build is then released on the "Semi-Annual Channel" (formerly "Current Branch for Business", or "CBB"), which is supported by the Pro and Enterprise editions of Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-crn-updates-228">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-updates_infoworld-266">[245]</a> Semi-Annual Channel receives stable builds on a four-month delay from their release on the Targeted channel.<a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a> Administrators can also use the "Windows Update for Business" system, as well as existing tools such as <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_Update_Services" title="Windows Server Update Services">WSUS</a> and <a href="/wiki/System_Center_Configuration_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="System Center Configuration Manager">System Center Configuration Manager</a>, to organize structured deployments of feature updates across their networks.<a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-crn-updates-228">[226]</a> The Windows Insider branches receive unstable builds as they are released; it is divided into two channels, "Dev" (which receives new builds immediately after their release), and "Beta" (whose releases are slightly delayed from their "Dev" release).<a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a> Enterprise <a href="/wiki/Licensee" title="Licensee">licensees</a> may use the Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC (formerly LTSB) edition, where "LTSC" stands for "Long-Term Servicing Channel", which only receive quality of life updates (i.e. security patches), and has a full 5 or 10-year support lifecycle for each build.<a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-updates_infoworld-266">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-LTSC_update-225">[223]</a> This edition is designed for "special-purpose devices" that perform a fixed function (such as <a href="/wiki/Automated_teller_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated teller machine">automated teller machines</a> and medical equipment). For this reason, it excludes Cortana, Microsoft Store, and all bundled Universal Windows Platform apps (including but not limited to Microsoft Edge, hence these builds ship only with Internet Explorer as browser).<a href="#cite_note-267">[246]</a><a href="#cite_note-268">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-winasaservice-94">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-biggestchange-269">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-winblog-w10forbusiness-270">[249]</a> Microsoft director Stella Chernyak explained that "we have businesses [that] may have mission-critical environments where we respect the fact they want to test and stabilize the environment for a long time."<a href="#cite_note-iw-unanswered-271">[250]</a> Four LTSC builds have been released, correlating with the 1507, 1607, 1809, and 21H2 versions of Windows 10, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-ltsbalertcw2-272">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-thereg0918ltsc-273">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-274">[253]</a> In July 2017, Microsoft announced changes in the terminology for Windows branches as part of its effort to unify the update cadence with that of <a href="/wiki/Office_365" class="mw-redirect" title="Office 365">Office 365</a> ProPlus and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2016" title="Windows Server 2016">Windows Server 2016</a>.<a href="#cite_note-275">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a> The branch system now defines two paces of upgrade deployment in enterprise environments, "targeted" initial deployment of a new version on selected systems immediately after its stable release for final testing, and "broad" deployment afterwards. Hence, "Current Branch" is now known as "Semi-Annual Channel (Targeted)", and "Current Branch for Business" for broad deployment is now referred to as "Semi-Annual Channel".<a href="#cite_note-CB-CBB-LTSB-name-change-276">[255]</a><a href="#cite_note-ms-serviceoverview-263">[242]</a> In February 2019, Microsoft announced changes again in delivering updates beginning with release of <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_1903" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 1903">version 1903</a>: a single SAC will be released, SAC-T will be retired, and users are no longer able to switch to different channels. Instead, these updates can be deferred from 30 to 90 days, or depending on how the device was configured to defer the updates.<a href="#cite_note-277">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-278">[257]</a> In April 2019, it was announced that, in addition, feature updates will no longer be automatically pushed to users.<a href="#cite_note-279">[258]</a> However, after the release of version 2004, the update only pushed for those running a feature update version that is nearing end of service or it can be paused for up to 35 days.<a href="#cite_note-280">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-281">[260]</a> In November 2021, following the launch of version 21H2, Microsoft made a commitment to deliver feature updates every October or November.<a href="#cite_note-282">[261]</a> Thus, Microsoft rebranded the "Semi-Annual Channel" to the "General Availability Channel".<a href="#cite_note-283">[262]</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[263]</a> On April 27, 2023, Microsoft announced that <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_22H2" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 22H2">version 22H2</a>, released in November 2022, would be the last feature update for Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-285">[264]</a> Feature updates prior to <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_1909" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 10 version 1909">version 1909</a> were distributed solely as an in-place upgrade installation, requiring the download of a complete operating system package (approximately 3.5 GB in size for 64-bit systems). Unlike previous builds, version 1909 was designed primarily as an update rollup version of 1903, which focused primarily on minor feature additions and enhancements. For upgrades to 1909 from 1903, a new delivery method was used where its changes were delivered as part of the monthly cumulative update, but were left in a dormant state until the 1909 update "enablement" patch is installed. The full upgrade process was still used for those using builds prior to 1903.<a href="#cite_note-286">[265]</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[266]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Features_in_development">Features in development</h3></div> In May 2017, Microsoft unveiled <a href="/wiki/Fluent_Design_System" title="Fluent Design System">Fluent Design System</a> (previously codenamed "Project Neon"), a revamp of <a href="/wiki/Metro_design_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro design language">Microsoft Design Language 2</a> that includes guidelines for the designs and interactions used within software designed for all Windows 10 devices and platforms. The new design language will include the more prominent use of motion, depth, and translucency effects. Microsoft stated that the implementation of this design language would be performed over time, and it had already started to implement elements of it in the Creators Update and Fall Creators Update.<a href="#cite_note-ars-fluentdesign-288">[267]</a> On December 7, 2016, Microsoft announced that, as part of a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Qualcomm" title="Qualcomm">Qualcomm</a>, it planned to introduce support for running <a href="/wiki/Win32" class="mw-redirect" title="Win32">Win32</a> software on <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARM architecture</a> with a 32-bit x86 processor emulator, in 2017. Terry Myerson stated that this move would enable the production of <a href="/wiki/Qualcomm_Snapdragon" title="Qualcomm Snapdragon">Qualcomm Snapdragon</a>-based Windows devices with cellular connectivity and improved power efficiency over Intel-compatible devices, and still capable of running the majority of existing Windows software (unlike the previous <a href="/wiki/Windows_RT" title="Windows RT">Windows RT</a>, which was restricted to Windows Store apps). Microsoft is initially targeting this project towards laptops.<a href="#cite_note-verge-w10armsoftware-122">[120]</a> Microsoft launched the branding Always Connected PCs in December 2017 to market Windows 10 devices with cellular connectivity, which included two ARM-based 2-in-1 laptops from Asus and HP featuring the Snapdragon 835 system-on-chip, and the announcement of a partnership between AMD and Qualcomm to integrate its <a href="/wiki/Qualcomm_Snapdragon_LTE_modem" class="mw-redirect" title="Qualcomm Snapdragon LTE modem">Snapdragon X16</a> gigabit LTE modem with AMD's <a href="/wiki/Ryzen_Mobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryzen Mobile">Ryzen Mobile</a> platform.<a href="#cite_note-:4-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[268]</a> In August 2019, Microsoft began testing changes to its handling of the user interface on convertible devices—downplaying the existing "Tablet Mode" option in favor of presenting the normal desktop with optimizations for touch when a keyboard is not present, such as increasing the space between taskbar buttons and displaying the <a href="/wiki/Virtual_keyboard" title="Virtual keyboard">virtual keyboard</a> when text fields are selected.<a href="#cite_note-290">[269]</a> In April 2021, the ability to run Linux applications using a <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Audacity_(audio_editor)" title="Audacity (audio editor)">Audacity</a>, directly in Windows, was introduced as a preview.<a href="#cite_note-291">[270]</a> This feature would later be included as part of the updated Windows Subsystem for Linux 2 for <a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a> only. In November 2022, Microsoft released Windows Subsystem For Linux 2 on the Microsoft Store, for both Windows 10 and 11,<a href="#cite_note-292">[271]</a> allowing Linux graphical user interface applications to be used natively using WSL. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="System_requirements">System requirements</h2></div> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align:center;max-width:535px;font-size:90%;margin-left:1.5em"> <caption>Hardware requirements for Windows 10<a href="#cite_note-w10specs-93">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-293">[272]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Component </th> <th scope="col">Minimum </th> <th scope="col">Recommended </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">Processor</a> </th> <td colspan="2">1 <a href="/wiki/Gigahertz" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigahertz">GHz</a> <a href="/wiki/Clock_rate" title="Clock rate">clock rate</a> <a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a> or <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a> architecture with support for <a href="/wiki/Physical_Address_Extension" title="Physical Address Extension">PAE</a>, <a href="/wiki/NX_bit" title="NX bit">NX</a> and <a href="/wiki/SSE2" title="SSE2">SSE2</a> x86-64 CPUs must also support <a href="/wiki/Compare-and-swap#Extensions" title="Compare-and-swap">CMPXCHG16B</a>, <a href="/wiki/3DNow!" title="3DNow!">PrefetchW</a> and LAHF/SAHF <a href="/wiki/Instruction_set" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruction set">instructions</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory">Memory (RAM)</a> </th> <td>IA-32 edition: 1 <a href="/wiki/Gigabyte" title="Gigabyte">GB</a> x86-64 edition: 2 <a href="/wiki/Gigabyte" title="Gigabyte">GB</a> </td> <td>4 <a href="/wiki/Gigabyte" title="Gigabyte">GB</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Graphics_card" title="Graphics card">Graphics card</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/DirectX_9" class="mw-redirect" title="DirectX 9">DirectX 9</a> graphics device <a href="/wiki/Windows_Display_Driver_Model" title="Windows Display Driver Model">WDDM</a> 1.0 or higher driver </td> <td>WDDM 1.3 or higher driver </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Computer_monitor" title="Computer monitor">Display</a> </th> <td>800×600 <a href="/wiki/Pixel" title="Pixel">pixels</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Input device </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">Keyboard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mouse_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouse (computing)">mouse</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Multi-touch" title="Multi-touch">Multi-touch</a> display </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Storage space </th> <td>32 <a href="/wiki/Gigabyte" title="Gigabyte">GB</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders floatright" style="max-width:535px;font-size:90%;margin-left:1.5em"> <caption>Additional requirements for optional functionality<a href="#cite_note-w10specs-93">[91]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Feature </th> <th scope="col">Requirements </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Biometric authentication </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Fingerprint_reader" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingerprint reader">Fingerprint reader</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/BitLocker" title="BitLocker">BitLocker</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Trusted_Platform_Module" title="Trusted Platform Module">Trusted Platform Module</a> (TPM) 1.2 or 2.0, a dedicated <a href="/wiki/USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB flash drive</a>, or a <a href="/wiki/Password" title="Password">password</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Device_encryption" class="mw-redirect" title="Device encryption">Device encryption</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Trusted_Platform_Module" title="Trusted Platform Module">Trusted Platform Module</a> (TPM) 2.0 and <a href="/wiki/InstantGo" title="InstantGo">InstantGo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Hyper-V" title="Hyper-V">Hyper-V</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Level_Address_Translation" title="Second Level Address Translation">Second Level Address Translation</a> (SLAT) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Miracast" title="Miracast">Miracast</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a> adapter that supports <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_Direct" title="Wi-Fi Direct">Wi-Fi Direct</a>, <a href="/wiki/Network_Driver_Interface_Specification" title="Network Driver Interface Specification">NDIS</a> 6.30, WDDM 1.3 (Ivy Bridge) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Secure_attention_key" title="Secure attention key">Secure attention</a> </th> <td>Hardware equivalent of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Delete</kbd> or <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⊞ Win</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Power</kbd> key sequence </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Secure_Boot" class="mw-redirect" title="Secure Boot">Secure Boot</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/UEFI" title="UEFI">UEFI</a> v2.3.1 Errata B with Microsoft Windows <a href="/wiki/Certification_authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Certification authority">certification authority</a> in its database </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Speech_recognition" title="Speech recognition">Speech recognition</a> </th> <td>Microphone </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Windows Hello </th> <td>Illuminated infrared camera </td></tr></tbody></table> The basic hardware requirements to install Windows 10 were initially the same as those for Windows 8 and Windows 8.1, and only slightly higher than for Windows 7 and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>. As of the May 2019 update, the minimum disk space requirement has been increased to 32 GB. In addition, on new installations, Windows permanently reserves up to 7 GB of disk space in order to ensure proper installation of future feature updates.<a href="#cite_note-294">[273]</a><a href="#cite_note-295">[274]</a> The 64-bit variants require a <a href="/wiki/CPU" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU">CPU</a> that supports certain instructions.<a href="#cite_note-296">[275]</a> Devices with low storage capacity must provide a <a href="/wiki/USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB flash drive</a> or <a href="/wiki/SD_card" title="SD card">SD card</a> with sufficient storage for temporary files during upgrades.<a href="#cite_note-thurrott-w10smallupdate-297">[276]</a> Some pre-built devices may be described as "certified" by Microsoft. Certified tablets must include <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Power</kbd>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Volume up</kbd>, and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Volume down</kbd> keys; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⊞ Win</kbd> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Rotation lock</kbd> keys are no longer required.<a href="#cite_note-ndtv-specs-298">[277]</a> As with Windows 8, all certified devices must ship with <a href="/wiki/UEFI_Secure_Boot" class="mw-redirect" title="UEFI Secure Boot">UEFI Secure Boot</a> enabled by default. Unlike Windows 8, OEMs are no longer required to make Secure Boot settings user-configurable, meaning that devices may optionally be locked to run only Microsoft-signed operating systems.<a href="#cite_note-arstechnica-securebootw10-299">[278]</a> A supported infrared-illuminated camera is required for Windows Hello face authentication, and a supported fingerprint reader is required for Windows Hello fingerprint authentication.<a href="#cite_note-w10specs-93">[91]</a> Device Guard requires a UEFI system with no third-party certificates loaded, and CPU virtualization extensions (including SLAT and <a href="/wiki/Input%E2%80%93output_memory_management_unit" title="Input–output memory management unit">IOMMU</a>) enabled in firmware. Beginning with Intel <a href="/wiki/Kaby_Lake" title="Kaby Lake">Kaby Lake</a> and AMD <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol Ridge">Bristol Ridge</a>, Windows 10 is the only version of Windows that Microsoft will officially support on newer CPU <a href="/wiki/Microarchitecture" title="Microarchitecture">microarchitectures</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ars-oemskylake-300">[279]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-skylakechange-301">[280]</a> Terry Myerson stated that Microsoft did not want to make further investments in optimizing older versions of Windows and associated software for newer generations of processors.<a href="#cite_note-ars-skylake18months-302">[281]</a><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-newsupportpolicy-303">[282]</a> These policies were criticized by the media, who especially noted that Microsoft was refusing to support newer hardware (particularly Intel's <a href="/wiki/Skylake_(microarchitecture)" title="Skylake (microarchitecture)">Skylake</a> CPUs, which was also originally targeted by the new policy with a premature end of support that was ultimately retracted)<a href="#cite_note-304">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-305">[284]</a> on Windows 8.1, a version of Windows that was still in mainstream support until January 2018.<a href="#cite_note-ars-nowblockedskylake-306">[285]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-blockkaby-307">[286]</a> In addition, an enthusiast-created <a href="/wiki/Modding" title="Modding">modification</a> was released that disabled the check and allowed Windows 8.1 and earlier versions to continue to work on the platform.<a href="#cite_note-308">[287]</a> Windows 10 versions 1703 and later do not support <a href="/wiki/Atom_(system_on_chip)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atom (system on chip)">Intel Clover Trail</a> system-on-chips, per Microsoft's stated policy of only providing updates for devices during their OEM support period.<a href="#cite_note-pcworld-clovertrail-218">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-309">[288]</a> Starting with Windows 10 version 2004, Microsoft will require new OEM devices to use 64-bit processors, and will therefore cease the distribution of x86 (32-bit) variants of Windows 10 via OEM channels. The 32-bit variants of Windows 10 will remain available via non-OEM channels, and Microsoft will continue to "[provide] feature and security updates on these devices".<a href="#cite_note-310">[289]</a> This was later followed by <a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a> dropping support for 32-bit hardware altogether, thus making Windows 10 the final version of Windows to have a 32-bit version available.<a href="#cite_note-311">[290]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_memory_limits">Physical memory limits</h3></div> The maximum amount of <a href="/wiki/RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="RAM">RAM</a> that Windows 10 can support varies depending on the product edition and the <a href="/wiki/Microarchitecture" title="Microarchitecture">processor architecture</a>. All 32-bit editions of Windows 10, including Home and Pro, support up to 4 GB.<a href="#cite_note-win10-physical-memory-limits-312">[291]</a> 64-bit editions of Windows 10 Education and Pro support up to 2 TB, 64-bit editions of Windows 10 Pro for Workstations and Enterprise support up to 6 TB, while the 64-bit edition of Windows 10 Home is limited to 128 GB.<a href="#cite_note-win10-physical-memory-limits-312">[291]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Processor_limits">Processor limits</h3></div> Windows 10 supports up to two physical processors.<a href="#cite_note-win10-CPU-limits-313">[292]</a> A maximum of 32 cores is supported in 32-bit versions of Windows 10, whereas up to 256 cores are supported in the 64-bit versions.<a href="#cite_note-win10-CPU-limits-313">[292]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_10" title="Criticism of Windows 10">Criticism of Windows 10</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Duplication plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CFORK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CFORK">duplicates</a> the scope of other articles, specifically <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_10" title="Criticism of Windows 10">Criticism of Windows 10</a>. Please <a href="/wiki/Talk:Windows_10" title="Talk:Windows 10">discuss this issue</a> and help introduce a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summary style</a> to the section by replacing the section with a link and a summary or by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPLIT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPLIT">splitting the content</a> into a new article. (June 2021)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Windows 10 received generally positive reviews, with most reviewers considering it superior to its predecessor <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a>.<a href="#cite_note-314">[293]</a><a href="#cite_note-315">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-316">[295]</a> <a href="/wiki/CNN_Business" title="CNN Business">CNN Business</a> praised every aspect of Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-317">[296]</a> <a href="/wiki/TechRadar" title="TechRadar">TechRadar</a> felt that it could be "the new Windows 7", citing the operating system's more familiar user interface, improvements to bundled apps, performance improvements, a "rock solid" search system, and the Settings app being more full-featured than its equivalents on 8 and 8.1. The Edge browser was praised for its performance, although it was not in a feature-complete state at launch. While considering them a "great idea in principle", concerns were shown for Microsoft's focus on the universal app ecosystem: <blockquote>It's by no means certain that developers are going to flock to Windows 10 from <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> simply because they can convert their apps easily. It may well become a no-brainer for them, but at the moment a conscious decision is still required.<a href="#cite_note-tr-review-318">[297]</a></blockquote> <a href="/wiki/Engadget" title="Engadget">Engadget</a> was similarly positive, noting that the upgrade process was painless and that Windows 10's user interface had balanced aspects of Windows 8 with those of previous versions with a more mature aesthetic. Cortana's always-on <a href="/wiki/Voice_detection" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice detection">voice detection</a> was considered to be its "true strength", also citing its query capabilities and personalization features, but noting that it was not as pre-emptive as <a href="/wiki/Google_Now" title="Google Now">Google Now</a>. Windows 10's stock applications were praised for being improved over their Windows 8 counterparts, and for supporting windowed modes. The Xbox app was also praised for its Xbox One streaming functionality, although recommending its use over a wired network because of inconsistent quality over Wi-Fi. In conclusion, it was argued that "Windows 10 delivers the most refined desktop experience ever from Microsoft, and yet it's so much more than that. It's also a decent tablet OS, and it's ready for a world filled with hybrid devices. And, barring another baffling screwup, it looks like a significant step forward for mobile. Heck, it makes the Xbox One a more useful machine."<a href="#cite_note-319">[298]</a> On the other hand <a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a> panned the new Tablet mode interface for removing the charms and app switching, making the Start button harder to use by requiring users to reach for the button on the bottom-left rather than at the center of the screen when swiping with a thumb, and for making application switching less instantaneous through the use of Task View. Microsoft Edge was praised for being "tremendously promising", and "a much better browser than Internet Explorer ever was", but criticized it for its lack of functionality on-launch. In conclusion, contrasting Windows 8 as being a "reliable" platform albeit consisting of unfinished concepts, Windows 10 was considered "the best Windows yet", and was praised for having a better overall concept in its ability to be "comfortable and effective" across a wide array of form factors, but that it was buggier than previous versions of Windows were on-launch.<a href="#cite_note-ars-review-320">[299]</a> <a href="/wiki/ExtremeTech" title="ExtremeTech">ExtremeTech</a> felt that Windows 10 restricted the choices of users, citing its more opaque setting menus, forcing users to give up bandwidth for the peer-to-peer distribution of updates, and for taking away user control of specific functions, such as updates, explaining that "it feels, once again, as if Microsoft has taken the seed of a good idea, like providing users with security updates automatically, and shoved the throttle to maximum."<a href="#cite_note-extremetech-privacysettings-321">[300]</a> Windows 10 has also received criticism because of deleting files without user permission after auto updates.<a href="#cite_note-322">[301]</a> Critics characterized the release of Windows 10 as being forced onto users of past versions of Windows.<a href="#cite_note-:3-26">[25]</a> Critics have also noted that Windows 10 heavily emphasizes <a href="/wiki/Freemium" title="Freemium">freemium</a> services, and contains various advertising facilities. Some outlets have considered these to be a hidden "cost" of the free upgrade offer.<a href="#cite_note-time-hiddenfee-323">[302]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-w10ads-324">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-w10ads-325">[304]</a> Examples of these have included <a href="/wiki/Microtransaction" title="Microtransaction">microtransactions</a> in bundled games such as Microsoft Solitaire Collection,<a href="#cite_note-pcw-solitaire-326">[305]</a><a href="#cite_note-time-hiddenfee-323">[302]</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-techradar-freemium-328">[307]</a> default settings that display promotions of "suggested" apps in the Start menu, "tips" on the lock screen that may contain advertising,<a href="#cite_note-pcw-w10ads-324">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-w10ads-325">[304]</a> ads displayed in File Explorer for Office 365 subscriptions on Creators' Update,<a href="#cite_note-verge-w10ads-325">[304]</a> and various advertising notifications displayed by default which promote Microsoft Edge when it is not set as the default web browser (including, in a September 2018 build, nag pop-ups displayed to interrupt the installation process of competitors).<a href="#cite_note-extech-edgeads-329">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-330">[309]</a> Due to the high system requirements of its successor <a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a>, some critics have cited Windows 10 being better than its successor and have warned not to switch to Windows 11 given its high system requirements, despite very limited new features compared to Windows 10 at the time of release.<a href="#cite_note-331">[310]</a><a href="#cite_note-332">[311]</a><a href="#cite_note-333">[312]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Market_share_and_sales">Market share and sales</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Usage_share_of_operating_systems#Crossover_to_smartphones_having_majority_share" title="Usage share of operating systems">Usage share of operating systems § Crossover to smartphones having majority share</a></div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:425px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#DDD"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Windows PC market share (of Windows) statistics</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:250px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Windows 10</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A3FFA3; width:60.95%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">60.95%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A3D3FF; width:35.58%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">35.58%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A3D3FF; width:2.62%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2.62%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A3D3FF; width:0.31%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.31%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A3D3FF; width:0.28%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.28%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A3D3FF; width:0.19%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.19%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A3D3FF; width:0.06%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.06%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="5" style="height:11px"></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="5" style="padding:5px; text-align:left;">Worldwide market share of desktop Windows versions (as of October 31, 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Windows_10&action=edit">[update]</a>) according to <a href="/wiki/Statcounter" class="mw-redirect" title="Statcounter">Statcounter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-334">[313]</a> Note: the values shown are percentages of Windows marketshare only; StatCounter tracks Windows vs. other operating systems separately.</td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> Up to August 2016, Windows 10 usage was increasing, with it then <a href="/wiki/Plateau_effect" title="Plateau effect">plateauing</a>,<a href="#cite_note-335">[314]</a> while eventually in 2018, it became more popular than Windows 7<a href="#cite_note-Win10press-336">[315]</a><a href="#cite_note-337">[316]</a> (though Windows 7 was still more used in some countries in Asia and Africa in 2019). As of March 2020<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Windows_10&action=edit">[update]</a>, the operating system is running on over a billion devices, reaching the goal set by Microsoft two years after the initial deadline.<a href="#cite_note-devicegoal-27">[26]</a> Twenty-four hours after it was released, Microsoft announced that over 14 million devices were running Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-338">[317]</a> On August 26, Microsoft said over 75 million devices were running Windows 10, in 192 countries, and on over 90,000 unique PC or tablet models.<a href="#cite_note-339">[318]</a> According to Terry Myerson, there were over 110 million devices running Windows 10 as of October 6, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-340">[319]</a> On January 4, 2016, Microsoft reported that Windows 10 had been activated on over 200 million devices since the operating system's launch in July 2015.<a href="#cite_note-341">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-342">[321]</a> According to StatCounter, Windows 10 overtook Windows 8.1 in December 2015.<a href="#cite_note-343">[322]</a><a href="#cite_note-344">[323]</a> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> was the first country where Windows 10 was ranked first (not only on the desktop, but across all platforms),<a href="#cite_note-345">[324]</a> with several larger European countries following. For one week in late November 2016, Windows 10 overtook first rank from Windows 7 in the United States, before losing it again.<a href="#cite_note-346">[325]</a> By February 2017, Windows 10 was losing market share to Windows 7.<a href="#cite_note-347">[326]</a> In mid-January 2018, Windows 10 had a slightly higher global market share than Windows 7,<a href="#cite_note-Win10press-336">[315]</a> with it noticeably more popular on weekends,<a href="#cite_note-348">[327]</a> while popularity varies widely by region, e.g. Windows 10 was then still behind in Africa<a href="#cite_note-349">[328]</a> and far ahead in some other regions e.g. Oceania.<a href="#cite_note-350">[329]</a> Windows 10 is now the most used version in virtually all countries. Its market share peaked at 82.5% in December 2021, shortly after the introductions of its successor, and since then the share has been declining ever since<a href="#cite_note-351">[330]</a> Windows 11's release, which is now the second most popular Windows version in many countries. As of 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Windows_10&action=edit">[update]</a>, Windows 10 is estimated to have a 64% share of Windows PCs,<a href="#cite_note-share-28">[27]</a> still 2 times its successor <a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a>'s share of 32% (and 19 times Windows 7's 3.3% share). Windows 10 has an estimated 46% share of all traditional PCs (the rest being other Windows editions and other operating systems such as <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>), and an estimated 16% share of all devices (including mobile, tablet and console)<a href="#cite_note-:5-29">[28]</a> are running Windows 10. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Update_system_changes">Update system changes</h3></div> Windows 10 Home is permanently set to download all updates automatically, including cumulative updates, security patches, and drivers, and users cannot individually select updates to install or not.<a href="#cite_note-ndtv-10removedfeatures-352">[331]</a> Tom Warren of <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a> felt that, given web browsers such as <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> had already adopted such an automatic update system, such a requirement would help to keep all Windows 10 devices secure, and felt that "if you're used to family members calling you for technical support because they've failed to upgrade to the latest Windows service pack or some malware disabled Windows Update then those days will hopefully be over."<a href="#cite_note-verge-forcedupdates-353">[332]</a> Concerns were raised that because of these changes, users would be unable to skip the automatic installation of updates that are faulty or cause issues with certain system configurations—although build upgrades will also be subject to public beta testing via Windows Insider program.<a href="#cite_note-iw-nvidiadriver-354">[333]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-forcedupdates-353">[332]</a> There were also concerns that the forced installation of driver updates through Windows Update, where they were previously designated as "optional", could cause conflicts with drivers that were installed independently of Windows Update. Criticism was also directed towards Microsoft's decision to no longer provide specific details on the contents of cumulative updates for Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-cw-culmwitheld-355">[334]</a> On February 9, 2016, Microsoft retracted this decision and began to provide release notes for cumulative updates on the Windows website.<a href="#cite_note-verge-w10history-356">[335]</a> Some users reported that during the installation of the November upgrade, some applications (particularly utility programs such as <a href="/wiki/CPU-Z" title="CPU-Z">CPU-Z</a> and <a href="/wiki/Speccy" title="Speccy">Speccy</a>) were automatically uninstalled during the upgrade process, and some default programs were reset to Microsoft-specified defaults (such as Photos app, and Microsoft Edge for <a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a> viewing), both without warning.<a href="#cite_note-softpedia-th2removed-357">[336]</a><a href="#cite_note-358">[337]</a> Further issues were discovered upon the launch of the Anniversary Update ("Redstone"), including a bug that caused some devices to freeze (but addressed by cumulative update KB3176938, released on August 31, 2016),<a href="#cite_note-359">[338]</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[339]</a> and that fundamental changes to how Windows handles <a href="/wiki/Webcam" title="Webcam">webcams</a> had caused many to stop working.<a href="#cite_note-361">[340]</a> In June 2017, a Redstone 3 Insider build (RS_EDGE_CASE in PC and rs_IoT on Mobile) was accidentally released to both Insider and non-Insider users on all Windows 10 devices, but the update was retracted, with Microsoft apologizing and releasing a note on their Windows Insider Program blog describing how to prevent the build from being installed on their device.<a href="#cite_note-362">[341]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Dona_Sarkar" title="Dona Sarkar">Dona Sarkar</a>, this was due to "an inadvertent deployment to the engineering system that controls which builds/which rings to push out to insiders."<a href="#cite_note-363">[342]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Gartner" title="Gartner">Gartner</a> analyst felt that Windows 10 Pro was becoming increasingly inappropriate for use in enterprise environments because of support policy changes by Microsoft, including consumer-oriented upgrade lifecycle length, and only offering extended support for individual builds to Enterprise and Education editions of Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-364">[343]</a> Critics have acknowledged that Microsoft's update and testing practices had been affecting the overall quality of Windows 10. In particular, it was pointed out that Microsoft's internal testing departments had been prominently affected by a major round of layoffs undertaken by the company in 2014. Microsoft relies primarily on user testing and bug reports via the Windows Insider program (which may not always be of sufficient quality to identify a bug), as well as correspondence with OEMs and other stakeholders. In the wake of the known folder redirection data loss bug in the version 1809, it was pointed out that bug reports describing the issue had been present on the <a href="/wiki/Feedback_Hub" title="Feedback Hub">Feedback Hub</a> app for several months prior to the public release. Following the incident, Microsoft updated Feedback Hub so that users may specify the severity of a particular bug report. When announcing the resumption of 1809's rollout, Microsoft stated that it planned to be more transparent in its handling of update quality in the future, through a series of blog posts that will detail its testing process and the planned development of a "dashboard" that will indicate the rollout progress of future updates.<a href="#cite_note-365">[344]</a><a href="#cite_note-366">[345]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-367">[346]</a><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-quality-368">[347]</a><a href="#cite_note-369">[348]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution_practices">Distribution practices</h3></div> Microsoft was criticized for the tactics that it used to promote its free upgrade campaign for Windows 10, including <a href="/wiki/Adware" title="Adware">adware</a>-like behaviors,<a href="#cite_note-cw-forced10-370">[349]</a> using <a href="/wiki/Dark_pattern" title="Dark pattern">dark patterns</a> to coax users into installing the operating system,<a href="#cite_note-infoworld_2015_KB3035583-371">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-infoworld-upgradetonight-372">[351]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-w10optional-373">[352]</a><a href="#cite_note-infoworld_2016_KB3035583-374">[353]</a> downloading installation files without user consent,<a href="#cite_note-pcw-didntask-375">[354]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-forced10-370">[349]</a> and making it difficult for users to suppress the advertising and notifications if they did not wish to upgrade to Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-pcw-didntask-375">[354]</a><a href="#cite_note-cw-forced10-370">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-iw-banishing-376">[355]</a> The upgrade offer was marketed and initiated using the "Get Windows 10" (GWX) application, which was first downloaded and installed via Windows Update in March 2015.<a href="#cite_note-infoworld_2015_KB3035583-371">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-infoworld_2016_KB3035583-374">[353]</a> Third-party programs were created to assist users in applying measures to disable GWX.<a href="#cite_note-computerworld_horowitz-377">[356]</a> In September 2015, it was reported that Microsoft was triggering automatic downloads of Windows 10 installation files on all compatible Windows 7 or 8.1 systems configured to automatically download and install updates, regardless of whether or not they had specifically requested the upgrade. Microsoft officially confirmed the change, claiming it was "an industry practice that reduces the time for installation and ensures device readiness." This move was criticized by users with <a href="/wiki/Data_cap" title="Data cap">data caps</a> or devices with low storage capacity, as resources were consumed by the automatic downloads of up to 6 GB of data. Other critics argued that Microsoft should not have triggered any downloading of Windows 10 installation files without user consent.<a href="#cite_note-cw-forced10-370">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-pcw-didntask-375">[354]</a><a href="#cite_note-inquirer-autodownload-378">[357]</a> In October 2015, Windows 10 began to appear as an "Optional" update on the Windows Update interface, but pre-selected for installation on some systems. A Microsoft spokesperson said that this was a mistake, and that the download would no longer be pre-selected by default.<a href="#cite_note-ars-w10optional-373">[352]</a> However, on October 29, 2015, Microsoft announced that it planned to classify Windows 10 as a "recommended" update in the Windows Update interface sometime in 2016, which would cause an automatic download of installation files and a one-time prompt with a choice to install to appear.<a href="#cite_note-ms-makingeasier-379">[358]</a><a href="#cite_note-verge-10autoupdate-380">[359]</a> In December 2015, it was reported that a new advertising dialog had begun to appear, only containing "Upgrade now" and "Upgrade tonight" buttons, and no obvious method to decline installation besides the close button.<a href="#cite_note-infoworld-upgradetonight-372">[351]</a> In March 2016, some users also alleged that their Windows 7 and 8.1 devices had automatically begun upgrading to Windows 10 without their consent.<a href="#cite_note-infoworld-w10withoutok-381">[360]</a> In June 2016, the GWX dialog's behavior changed to make closing the window imply a consent to a scheduled upgrade.<a href="#cite_note-382">[361]</a><a href="#cite_note-seatimes-lawsuit-383">[362]</a> In December 2016, Microsoft's chief marketing officer <a href="/wiki/Chris_Capossela" title="Chris Capossela">Chris Capossela</a> admitted that the company had "gone too far" by using these tactics, stating "we know we want people to be running Windows 10 from a security perspective, but finding the right balance where you're not stepping over the line of being too aggressive is something we tried and for a lot of the year I think we got it right."<a href="#cite_note-softpedia--384">[363]</a> On January 21, 2016, Microsoft was sued in <a href="/wiki/Small_claims_court" title="Small claims court">small claims court</a> by a user whose computer had attempted to upgrade to Windows 10 without her consent shortly after the release of the operating system. The upgrade failed, and her computer was left in a broken state thereafter, which disrupted the ability to run her travel agency. The court ruled in favor of the user and awarded her $10,000 in damages, but Microsoft appealed. However, in May 2016, Microsoft dropped the appeal and chose to pay the damages. Shortly after the suit was reported on by the <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Times">Seattle Times</a>, Microsoft confirmed it was updating the GWX software once again to add more explicit options for opting out of a free Windows 10 upgrade;<a href="#cite_note-pcw-lawsuit-385">[364]</a><a href="#cite_note-infoworld-anotherchange-386">[365]</a><a href="#cite_note-seatimes-lawsuit-383">[362]</a> the final notification was a full-screen pop-up window notifying users of the impending end of the free upgrade offer, and contained "Remind me later", "Do not notify me again" and "Notify me three more times" as options.<a href="#cite_note-zdnet-finalgwx-387">[366]</a> In March 2019, Microsoft announced that it would display notifications informing users on Windows 7 devices of the upcoming end of extended support for the platform, and direct users to a website urging them to upgrade to Windows 10 or purchase new hardware. This dialog will be similar to the previous Windows 10 upgrade prompts, but will not explicitly mention Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-388">[367]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Privacy_and_data_collection">Privacy and data collection</h3></div> Privacy advocates and other critics have expressed concern regarding Windows 10's privacy policies and its collection and use of customer data.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-privacy-389">[368]</a> Under the default "Express" settings, Windows 10 is configured to send various information to Microsoft and other parties, including the collection of user contacts, calendar data, and "associated input data" to personalize "speech, typing, and inking input", typing and inking data to improve recognition, allowing apps to use a unique "advertising ID" for analytics and advertising personalization (functionality introduced by Windows 8.1)<a href="#cite_note-tnw-adid-390">[369]</a> and allow apps to request the user's location data and send this data to Microsoft and "trusted partners" to improve location detection (Windows 8 had similar settings, except that location data collection did not include "trusted partners"<a href="#cite_note-extremetech-privacysettings-321">[300]</a>). Users can opt out from most of this data collection,<a href="#cite_note-extremetech-privacysettings-321">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-privacy-389">[368]</a> but telemetry data for error reporting and usage is also sent to Microsoft, and this cannot be disabled on non-Enterprise editions of Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-extremetech-privacysettings-321">[300]</a> Microsoft's privacy policy states, however, that "Basic"-level telemetry data is <a href="/wiki/Data_anonymization" title="Data anonymization">anonymized</a> and cannot be used to identify an individual user or device.<a href="#cite_note-bott-is-windows-10-telemetry-a-threat-391">[370]</a> The use of Cortana also requires the collection of data "such as Your PC location, data from your calendar, the apps you use, data from your emails and text messages, who you call, your contacts and how often you interact with them on Your PC" to personalize its functionality.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-privacy-389">[368]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-w10newnormal-392">[371]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rock_Paper_Shotgun" title="Rock Paper Shotgun">Rock Paper Shotgun</a> writer Alec Meer argued that Microsoft's intent for this data collection lacked transparency, stating that "there is no world in which 45 pages of policy documents and opt-out settings split across 13 different settings screens and an external website constitutes 'real transparency'."<a href="#cite_note-guardian-privacy-389">[368]</a> Joel Hruska of ExtremeTech wrote that "the company that brought us the '<a href="/wiki/Scroogled" title="Scroogled">Scroogled</a>' campaign now <a href="/wiki/The_Hoover_Company#The_word_"hoover"" title="The Hoover Company">hoovers</a> up your data in ways that would make Google jealous."<a href="#cite_note-extremetech-privacysettings-321">[300]</a> However, it was also pointed out that the requirement for such vast usage of customer data had become a norm, citing the increased reliance on <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud computing</a> and other forms of external processing, as well as similar data collection requirements for services on mobile devices such as <a href="/wiki/Google_Now" title="Google Now">Google Now</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siri" title="Siri">Siri</a>.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-privacy-389">[368]</a><a href="#cite_note-ars-w10newnormal-392">[371]</a> In August 2015, Russian politician <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Levichev" title="Nikolai Levichev">Nikolai Levichev</a> called for Windows 10 to be banned from use within the <a href="/wiki/Russian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian government">Russian government</a>, as it sends user data to servers in the United States. The Russian government had passed a federal law requiring all online services to store the data of Russian users on servers within the country by September 2016 or be blocked.<a href="#cite_note-cnet-datalaw-393">[372]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-datastoragelaw-394">[373]</a> Writing for <a href="/wiki/ZDNet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</a>, Ed Bott said that the lack of complaints by businesses about privacy in Windows 10 indicated "how utterly normal those privacy terms are in 2015."<a href="#cite_note-bott-395">[374]</a> In a <a href="/wiki/Computerworld" title="Computerworld">Computerworld</a> editorial, Preston Gralla said that "the kind of information Windows 10 gathers is no different from what other operating systems gather. But Microsoft is held to a different standard than other companies".<a href="#cite_note-gralla-396">[375]</a> The Microsoft Services agreement reads that the company's online services may automatically "download software updates or configuration changes, including those that prevent you from accessing the Services, playing counterfeit games, or using unauthorized hardware peripheral devices." Critics interpreted this statement as implying that Microsoft would scan for and delete <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement_of_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright infringement of software">unlicensed software</a> installed on devices running Windows 10.<a href="#cite_note-gamespot-w10pirated-397">[376]</a> However, others pointed out that this agreement was specifically for Microsoft online services such as Microsoft account, <a href="/wiki/Office_365" class="mw-redirect" title="Office 365">Office 365</a>, Skype, as well as Xbox Live, and that the offending passage most likely referred to <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">digital rights management</a> on <a href="/wiki/Xbox_consoles" class="mw-redirect" title="Xbox consoles">Xbox consoles</a> and first-party games, and not plans to police pirated video games installed on Windows 10 PCs.<a href="#cite_note-gamespot-w10pirated-397">[376]</a><a href="#cite_note-idg-eulapiracy-398">[377]</a> Despite this, some <a href="/wiki/Torrent_tracker" class="mw-redirect" title="Torrent tracker">torrent trackers</a> announced plans to block Windows 10 users, also arguing that the operating system could send information to anti-piracy groups that are affiliated with Microsoft.<a href="#cite_note-tf-w10ban-399">[378]</a> Writing about these allegations, Ed Bott of ZDNet compared Microsoft's privacy policy to Apple's and Google's and concluded that he "[did not] see anything that looks remotely like <a href="/wiki/Big_Brother_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)" title="Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">Big Brother</a>."<a href="#cite_note-bott-395">[374]</a> Columnist <a href="/wiki/Kim_Komando" title="Kim Komando">Kim Komando</a> argued that "Microsoft might in the future run scans and disable software or hardware it sees as a security threat", consistent with the Windows 10 update policy.<a href="#cite_note-komando-400">[379]</a> In September 2019, Microsoft hid the option to create a local account during a fresh installation if a PC is connected to the internet. This move was criticized by users who did not want to use an online Microsoft account.<a href="#cite_note-401">[380]</a><a href="#cite_note-402">[381]</a> Additionally, in Windows 10 Home, the first Microsoft account linked to the primary user's account can no longer be unlinked, but other users can unlink their own Microsoft accounts from their user accounts. In late-July 2020, Windows Defender began to classify modifications of the <a href="/wiki/Hosts_(file)" title="Hosts (file)">hosts file</a> that block Microsoft telemetry servers as being a severe security risk.<a href="#cite_note-403">[382]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/28px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/42px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/56px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Business_and_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Business and economics">Business and economics portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_operating_systems" title="Comparison of operating systems">Comparison of operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_operating_systems" title="History of operating systems">History of operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_operating_systems" title="List of operating systems">List of operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_version_history" title="Microsoft Windows version history">Microsoft Windows version history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="List of Microsoft Windows versions">List of Microsoft Windows versions</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div 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Retrieved January 7, 2024. <q>a paying customer can extend the life of a Windows 10 PC from the official end-of-support date of October 14, 2025, until October 10, 2028</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZDNet&rft.atitle=Microsoft+will+offer+extended+support+options+for+Windows+10+PCs%2C+for+a+price&rft.date=2023-12-05&rft.aulast=Bott&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fmicrosoft-offers-extended-support-options-for-windows-10-pcs-for-a-price%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ESU2-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ESU2_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ESU2_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ESU2_20-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/whats-new/extended-security-updates">"Extended Security Updates (ESU) program for Windows 10"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Learn" title="Microsoft Learn">Microsoft Learn</a>. 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Retrieved May 14, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ExtremeTech&rft.atitle=Microsoft%27s+Windows+10+event+in+San+Francisco%3A+Updated+live+blog&rft.date=2014-09-30&rft.aulast=Anthony&rft.aufirst=Sebastian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.extremetech.com%2Fcomputing%2F191135-windows-9-event-san-francisco-live-blog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-name-54"><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian-name_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRushe2014" class="citation web cs1">Rushe, Dominic (September 30, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/sep/30/microsoft-windows-10-release">"Microsoft unveils Windows 10: 'It wouldn't be right to call it Windows 9'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170510143037/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/sep/30/microsoft-windows-10-release">Archived</a> from the original on May 10, 2017. 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PCWorld. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210302150358/https://www.pcworld.com/article/2917474/windows-forever-windows-10-builds-will-continue-even-after-microsoft-ships-it.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 2, 2021. 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Retrieved May 14, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Computerworld&rft.atitle=Microsoft+to+kick+off+Windows+10+ad+campaign+next+week&rft.date=2015-07-13&rft.aulast=Keizer&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerworld.com%2Farticle%2F2947479%2Fmicrosoft-to-kick-off-windows-10-ad-campaign-next-week.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThurrott2015" class="citation news cs1">Thurrott, Paul (June 1, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-10/3901/hp-exec-explains-why-windows-10-launch-is-different">"HP Exec Explains Why Windows 10 Launch is Different"</a>. 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Retrieved June 21, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thurrott.com&rft.atitle=HP+Exec+Explains+Why+Windows+10+Launch+is+Different&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.aulast=Thurrott&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thurrott.com%2Fwindows%2Fwindows-10%2F3901%2Fhp-exec-explains-why-windows-10-launch-is-different&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-anandtech-10240-72"><a href="#cite_ref-anandtech-10240_72-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anandtech.com/show/9444/windows-10-build-10240-released-to-all-insiders">"Windows 10 Build 10240 Released To All Insiders"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AnandTech" title="AnandTech">AnandTech</a>. 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July 15, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150716022650/http://www.theverge.com/2015/7/15/8974359/microsoft-windows-10-build-10240-testers">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Windows+10+testers+get+access+to+the+final+version&rft.date=2015-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2015%2F7%2F15%2F8974359%2Fmicrosoft-windows-10-build-10240-testers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.extremetech.com/computing/210787-windows-10-build-10240-is-the-rtm-version-but-microsoft-wishes-youd-stop-calling-it-that">"Windows 10 Build 10240 is the RTM version, but Microsoft wishes you'd stop calling it that"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ExtremeTech" title="ExtremeTech">ExtremeTech</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171104235021/http://www.extremetech.com/computing/210787-windows-10-build-10240-is-the-rtm-version-but-microsoft-wishes-youd-stop-calling-it-that">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2017. 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Retrieved March 18, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PC+World&rft.atitle=Microsoft+says+Windows+10+could+ship+this+summer%2C+and+new+features+keep+coming&rft.date=2015-03-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F2898418%2Fmicrosoft-will-ship-windows-10-this-summer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-verge-10pirate-86"><a href="#cite_ref-verge-10pirate_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/3/18/8241023/windows-10-free-for-software-pirates">"Windows 10 will be free for software pirates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. 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Retrieved May 16, 2015. <q>While our free offer to upgrade to Windows 10 will not apply to Non-Genuine Windows devices</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Windows+Blog&rft.atitle=Genuine+Windows+and+Windows+10&rft.date=2015-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.windows.com%2Fwindowsexperience%2F2015%2F05%2F15%2Fgenuine-windows-and-windows-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-ars-notfreepirate-97"><a href="#cite_ref-ars-notfreepirate_97-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/03/the-windows-10-free-upgrade-for-pirates-more-confusing-than-it-seems/">"The Windows 10 free upgrade for pirates: More confusing than it seems"</a>. Ars Technica. 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Retrieved April 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Windows+PowerShell+Blog&rft.atitle=Bash+for+Windows%3A+Why+it%27s+awesome+and+what+it+means+for+PowerShell&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.aulast=Aiello&rft.aufirst=Joey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.microsoft.com%2Fpowershell%2F2016%2F04%2F01%2Fbash-for-windows-why-its-awesome-and-what-it-means-for-powershell%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-verge-susefedorawin10-149"><a href="#cite_ref-verge-susefedorawin10_149-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGartenberg2017" class="citation web cs1">Gartenberg, Chaim (May 11, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/5/11/15625320/ubuntu-suse-linux-fedora-windows-store-microsoft-build-2017">"Ubuntu, SUSE Linux, and Fedora are all coming to the Windows Store"</a>. The Verge. Vox Media. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170620163637/https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/5/11/15625320/ubuntu-suse-linux-fedora-windows-store-microsoft-build-2017">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2017. Retrieved April 22, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Ubuntu%2C+SUSE+Linux%2C+and+Fedora+are+all+coming+to+the+Windows+Store&rft.date=2017-05-11&rft.aulast=Gartenberg&rft.aufirst=Chaim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2Fcircuitbreaker%2F2017%2F5%2F11%2F15625320%2Fubuntu-suse-linux-fedora-windows-store-microsoft-build-2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThurrot2015" class="citation news cs1">Thurrot, Paul (March 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-10/2062/microsoft-explains-os-compression-in-windows-10">"Microsoft Explains OS Compression in Windows 10"</a>. Thurrott.com. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPS">self-published</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170826210853/https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-10/2062/microsoft-explains-os-compression-in-windows-10">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thurrott.com&rft.atitle=Microsoft+Explains+OS+Compression+in+Windows+10&rft.date=2015-03-16&rft.aulast=Thurrot&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thurrott.com%2Fwindows%2Fwindows-10%2F2062%2Fmicrosoft-explains-os-compression-in-windows-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBott2015" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bott" title="Ed Bott">Bott, Ed</a> (March 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-promises-drastic-cuts-in-disk-space-use-for-windows-10/">"Microsoft promises drastic cuts in disk space use for Windows 10"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ZDnet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDnet">ZDnet</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150317003437/http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-promises-drastic-cuts-in-disk-space-use-for-windows-10/">Archived</a> from the original on March 17, 2015. Retrieved March 17, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZDnet&rft.atitle=Microsoft+promises+drastic+cuts+in+disk+space+use+for+Windows+10&rft.date=2015-03-16&rft.aulast=Bott&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fmicrosoft-promises-drastic-cuts-in-disk-space-use-for-windows-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-winblog-compression-152"><a href="#cite_ref-winblog-compression_152-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2015/03/16/how-windows-10-achieves-its-compact-footprint/">"How Windows 10 achieves its compact footprint"</a>. Windows Experience Blog. Microsoft. March 16, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190421225709/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2015/03/16/how-windows-10-achieves-its-compact-footprint/">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2019. Retrieved April 22, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Windows+Experience+Blog&rft.atitle=How+Windows+10+achieves+its+compact+footprint&rft.date=2015-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.windows.com%2Fwindowsexperience%2F2015%2F03%2F16%2Fhow-windows-10-achieves-its-compact-footprint%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-techrepublic-storagesense-153"><a href="#cite_ref-techrepublic-storagesense_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradley2014" class="citation web cs1">Bradley, Tony (December 17, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techrepublic.com/article/leaked-windows-10-build-9901-shows-smarter-storage-sense/">"Leaked Windows 10 Build 9901 shows smarter Storage Sense"</a>. TechRepublic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402171527/http://www.techrepublic.com/article/leaked-windows-10-build-9901-shows-smarter-storage-sense/">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechRepublic&rft.atitle=Leaked+Windows+10+Build+9901+shows+smarter+Storage+Sense&rft.date=2014-12-17&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techrepublic.com%2Farticle%2Fleaked-windows-10-build-9901-shows-smarter-storage-sense%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-zdnet-underhood-154"><a href="#cite_ref-zdnet-underhood_154-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoley" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jo_Foley" title="Mary Jo Foley">Foley, Mary Jo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsofts-spartan-browser-whats-under-the-hood/">"Microsoft's Spartan browser: What's under the hood"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ZDNet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306112840/http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsofts-spartan-browser-whats-under-the-hood/">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved January 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZDNet&rft.atitle=Microsoft%27s+Spartan+browser%3A+What%27s+under+the+hood&rft.aulast=Foley&rft.aufirst=Mary+Jo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fmicrosofts-spartan-browser-whats-under-the-hood%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ieblog-spartan-155"><a href="#cite_ref-ieblog-spartan_155-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2015/01/22/project-spartan-and-the-windows-10-january-preview-build.aspx">"Project Spartan and the Windows 10 January Preview Build"</a>. IEBlog. Microsoft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150122231219/http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2015/01/22/project-spartan-and-the-windows-10-january-preview-build.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEBlog&rft.atitle=Project+Spartan+and+the+Windows+10+January+Preview+Build&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.com%2Fb%2Fie%2Farchive%2F2015%2F01%2F22%2Fproject-spartan-and-the-windows-10-january-preview-build.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-verge-msedge-156"><a href="#cite_ref-verge-msedge_156-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2015" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Tom (April 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/4/29/8511169/microsoft-edge-official-name-internet-explorer-upgrade">"The successor to Internet Explorer will be named Microsoft Edge"</a>. The Verge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150429211200/http://www.theverge.com/2015/4/29/8511169/microsoft-edge-official-name-internet-explorer-upgrade">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2015. Retrieved April 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=The+successor+to+Internet+Explorer+will+be+named+Microsoft+Edge&rft.date=2015-04-29&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2015%2F4%2F29%2F8511169%2Fmicrosoft-edge-official-name-internet-explorer-upgrade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-verge-relegatesie11-157"><a href="#cite_ref-verge-relegatesie11_157-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2015" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Tom (March 24, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/3/24/8284781/internet-explorer-is-slowly-dying">"Microsoft relegates Internet Explorer to a 'legacy engine' to make way for new browser"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vox_Media" title="Vox Media">Vox Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150325061911/http://www.theverge.com/2015/3/24/8284781/internet-explorer-is-slowly-dying">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2015. Retrieved March 25, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Microsoft+relegates+Internet+Explorer+to+a+%27legacy+engine%27+to+make+way+for+new+browser&rft.date=2015-03-24&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2015%2F3%2F24%2F8284781%2Finternet-explorer-is-slowly-dying&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ieblog-edge-158"><a href="#cite_ref-ieblog-edge_158-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2014/11/11/living-on-the-edge-our-next-step-in-interoperability.aspx">"Living on the Edge – our next step in helping the web just work"</a>. IEBlog. Microsoft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150111145128/http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2014/11/11/living-on-the-edge-our-next-step-in-interoperability.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2015. Retrieved January 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEBlog&rft.atitle=Living+on+the+Edge+%E2%80%93+our+next+step+in+helping+the+web+just+work&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.com%2Fb%2Fie%2Farchive%2F2014%2F11%2F11%2Fliving-on-the-edge-our-next-step-in-interoperability.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2022/06/15/internet-explorer-11-has-retired-and-is-officially-out-of-support-what-you-need-to-know">"Internet Explorer 11 has retired and is officially out of support—what you need to know"</a>. June 15, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615131949/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2022/06/15/internet-explorer-11-has-retired-and-is-officially-out-of-support-what-you-need-to-know/">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved August 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Explorer+11+has+retired+and+is+officially+out+of+support%E2%80%94what+you+need+to+know&rft.date=2022-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.windows.com%2Fwindowsexperience%2F2022%2F06%2F15%2Finternet-explorer-11-has-retired-and-is-officially-out-of-support-what-you-need-to-know&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/lifecycle/announcements/internet-explorer-11-end-of-support-windows-10">"Internet Explorer 11 desktop app support ended for certain versions of Windows 10"</a>. June 15, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240806012406/https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/announcements/internet-explorer-11-end-of-support-windows-10">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2024. Retrieved August 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Explorer+11+desktop+app+support+ended+for+certain+versions+of+Windows+10&rft.date=2022-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Flifecycle%2Fannouncements%2Finternet-explorer-11-end-of-support-windows-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2019" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Tom (November 4, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/4/20942038/microsoft-edge-chromium-release-date-new-logo-features">"Microsoft's Edge Chromium browser will launch on January 15th with a new logo"</a>. The Verge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106185632/https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/4/20942038/microsoft-edge-chromium-release-date-new-logo-features">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2019. Retrieved January 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Microsoft%27s+Edge+Chromium+browser+will+launch+on+January+15th+with+a+new+logo&rft.date=2019-11-04&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2019%2F11%2F4%2F20942038%2Fmicrosoft-edge-chromium-release-date-new-logo-features&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/what-is-microsoft-edge-legacy-3e779e55-4c55-08e6-ecc8-2333768c0fb0">"What is Microsoft Edge Legacy?"</a>. Microsoft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106050457/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/what-is-microsoft-edge-legacy-3e779e55-4c55-08e6-ecc8-2333768c0fb0">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Microsoft&rft.atitle=What+is+Microsoft+Edge+Legacy%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fmicrosoft-edge%2Fwhat-is-microsoft-edge-legacy-3e779e55-4c55-08e6-ecc8-2333768c0fb0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2020" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Tom (June 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/16/21293153/microsoft-windows-10-update-20h2-microsoft-edge-features">"Microsoft's next major Windows 10 update will include the new Edge browser"</a>. The Verge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221022184318/https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/16/21293153/microsoft-windows-10-update-20h2-microsoft-edge-features">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2022. 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Retrieved May 22, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCWorld&rft.atitle=Windows+10+May+2019+Update+review%3A+Sandbox+and+a+better+Windows+Update+improve+your+PC&rft.date=2019-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F3363697%2Fwindows-10-may-2019-update-review.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-169"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_169-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2019" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Tom (May 22, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/22/18635282/microsoft-windows-10-may-2019-update-features-review">"Windows 10 May 2019 Update: the 10 best new features"</a>. 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Retrieved January 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Our+first+look+at+Windows+10+on+phones%2C+and+Universal+Apps+for+touchscreens&rft.date=2015-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgadgets%2F2015%2F01%2Four-first-look-at-windows-10-on-phones-and-universal-apps-for-touchscreens%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.techradar.com/news/microsoft-starts-selling-a-surface-laptop-with-windows-10-pro-pre-installed">"Microsoft starts selling a Surface Laptop with Windows 10 Pro pre-installed"</a>. 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Retrieved February 3, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechRadar&rft.atitle=Microsoft+starts+selling+a+Surface+Laptop+with+Windows+10+Pro+pre-installed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techradar.com%2Fnews%2Fmicrosoft-starts-selling-a-surface-laptop-with-windows-10-pro-pre-installed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pcw-w10s-200"><a href="#cite_ref-pcw-w10s_200-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/3193700/windows/meet-windows-10-s-a-streamlined-simplified-windows-store-only-os-for-schools.html">"Meet Windows 10 S, a streamlined, simplified, Windows Store-only OS for schools"</a>. PC World. 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Retrieved July 1, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Windows+IT+Pro&rft.atitle=Keeping+Windows+10+Up-to-Date+for+Enterprises%2C+CBB+Will+Have+8+Months+to+Update&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft.aulast=Trent&rft.aufirst=Rod&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwindowsitpro.com%2Fwindows-10%2Fkeeping-windows-10-date-enterprises-cbb-will-have-8-months-update&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LTSC_update-225">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LTSC_update_225-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LTSC_update_225-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/the-next-windows-10-long-term-servicing-channel-ltsc-release/ba-p/2147232">"The next Windows 10 Long Term Servicing Channel (LTSC) release"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. February 18, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709205103/https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/the-next-windows-10-long-term-servicing-channel-ltsc-release/ba-p/2147232">Archived</a> from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+next+Windows+10+Long+Term+Servicing+Channel+%28LTSC%29+release&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=2021-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcommunity.microsoft.com%2Ft5%2Fwindows-it-pro-blog%2Fthe-next-windows-10-long-term-servicing-channel-ltsc-release%2Fba-p%2F2147232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> However, deferrals can only be enabled using Group Policy past Windows 10 Group Policy Editor past release 2004.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/whats-new/whats-new-windows-10-version-2004">"What's new in Windows 10, version 2004 - What's new in Windows"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Learn" title="Microsoft Learn">Microsoft Learn</a>. 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Retrieved August 12, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Microsoft+Tech+Community&rft.atitle=Improving+the+update+discoverability+experience&rft.date=2020-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcommunity.microsoft.com%2Ft5%2Fwindows-it-pro-blog%2Fimproving-the-update-discoverability-experience%2Fba-p%2F1585674&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul2015" class="citation web cs1">Paul, Ian (August 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/2975289/windows/how-to-cure-windows-10s-worst-headaches.html">"How to cure Windows 10's worst headaches"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PC_World" title="PC World">PC World</a>. <a href="/wiki/IDG" class="mw-redirect" title="IDG">IDG</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202180516/http://www.pcworld.com/article/2975289/windows/how-to-cure-windows-10s-worst-headaches.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2017. 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July 28, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150712014538/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/3073930">Archived</a> from the original on July 12, 2015. 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Retrieved September 3, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Computerworld&rft.atitle=Microsoft+cloaks+the+details+of+Windows+10+updates&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerworld.com%2Farticle%2F2950154%2Fmicrosoft-windows%2Fmicrosoft-cloaks-the-details-of-windows-10-updates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cw-culmwitheld2-236"><a href="#cite_ref-cw-culmwitheld2_236-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150914235823/http://www.computerworld.com/article/2983753/microsoft-windows/windows-10-users-beg-microsoft-for-more-info-on-updates.html">"Windows 10 users beg Microsoft for more info on updates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Computerworld" title="Computerworld">Computerworld</a>. <a href="/wiki/IDG" class="mw-redirect" title="IDG">IDG</a>. 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Retrieved July 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ZDNet&rft.atitle=Microsoft+cuts+off+Windows+10+support+early+for+some+PCs&rft.aulast=Bott&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fmicrosoft-blocks-windows-10-creators-update-on-some-pcs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoley" class="citation web cs1">Foley, Mary Jo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-takes-a-step-toward-phasing-out-32-bit-pc-support-for-windows-10/">"Microsoft takes a step toward phasing out 32-bit PC support for Windows 10"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ZDNet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200514033727/https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-takes-a-step-toward-phasing-out-32-bit-pc-support-for-windows-10/">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZDNet&rft.atitle=Microsoft+takes+a+step+toward+phasing+out+32-bit+PC+support+for+Windows+10&rft.aulast=Foley&rft.aufirst=Mary+Jo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fmicrosoft-takes-a-step-toward-phasing-out-32-bit-pc-support-for-windows-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanson2021" class="citation news cs1">Hanson, Matt (June 24, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techradar.com/uk/news/windows-11-system-requirements-are-bad-news-for-old-laptops-and-pcs">"Windows 11 system requirements are bad news for old laptops and PCs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TechRadar" title="TechRadar">TechRadar</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210625222754/https://www.techradar.com/uk/news/windows-11-system-requirements-are-bad-news-for-old-laptops-and-pcs">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved June 24, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechRadar&rft.atitle=Windows+11+system+requirements+are+bad+news+for+old+laptops+and+PCs&rft.date=2021-06-24&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techradar.com%2Fuk%2Fnews%2Fwindows-11-system-requirements-are-bad-news-for-old-laptops-and-pcs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-win10-physical-memory-limits-312">^ <a href="#cite_ref-win10-physical-memory-limits_312-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-win10-physical-memory-limits_312-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/memory/memory-limits-for-windows-releases">"Memory Limits for Windows and Windows Server Releases - Win32 apps"</a>. 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Retrieved November 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Microsoft+Docs&rft.atitle=Memory+Limits+for+Windows+and+Windows+Server+Releases+-+Win32+apps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fwindows%2Fwin32%2Fmemory%2Fmemory-limits-for-windows-releases&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-win10-CPU-limits-313">^ <a href="#cite_ref-win10-CPU-limits_313-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-win10-CPU-limits_313-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/windows-10-versions-cpu-limits/905c24ad-ad54-4122-b730-b9e7519c823f#:~:text=Windows%2010%20supports%20a%20maximum,in%20the%2064%2Dbit%20versions.&text=Was%20this%20reply%20helpful%3F">"Windows 10 versions CPU limits"</a>. Community. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210701214623/https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/windows-10-versions-cpu-limits/905c24ad-ad54-4122-b730-b9e7519c823f#:~:text=Windows%2010%20supports%20a%20maximum,in%20the%2064%2Dbit%20versions.&text=Was%20this%20reply%20helpful%3F">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Community&rft.atitle=Windows+10+versions+CPU+limits&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanswers.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fwindows%2Fforum%2Fall%2Fwindows-10-versions-cpu-limits%2F905c24ad-ad54-4122-b730-b9e7519c823f%23%3A~%3Atext%3DWindows%252010%2520supports%2520a%2520maximum%2Cin%2520the%252064%252Dbit%2520versions.%26text%3DWas%2520this%2520reply%2520helpful%253F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-314"><a href="#cite_ref-314">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/reviews/microsoft-windows-10-review/">"Microsoft Windows 10 review: Microsoft gets it right"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220914122810/https://www.cnet.com/reviews/microsoft-windows-10-review/">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2022. 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Retrieved September 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10+Reasons+Why+Windows+10+is+Best+OS+of+All+Time&rft.date=2018-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdavescomputertips.com%2F10-reasons-why-windows-10-is-best-os-of-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-316"><a href="#cite_ref-316">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcworld.com/article/428654/10-things-windows-10-does-better-than-windows-8.html">"10 things Windows 10 does better than Windows 8"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220914122811/https://www.pcworld.com/article/428654/10-things-windows-10-does-better-than-windows-8.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10+things+Windows+10+does+better+than+Windows+8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F428654%2F10-things-windows-10-does-better-than-windows-8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-317"><a href="#cite_ref-317">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2015/07/28/technology/windows-10-review/index.html">"Windows 10 is seriously great"</a>. July 28, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220914122811/https://money.cnn.com/2015/07/28/technology/windows-10-review/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2022. 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Retrieved July 30, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=Windows+10+Review&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2015%2F07%2F28%2Fwindows-10-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ars-review-320"><a href="#cite_ref-ars-review_320-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/07/review-windows-10-is-the-best-version-yet-once-the-bugs-get-fixed/">"Review: Windows 10 is the best version yet—once the bugs get fixed"</a>. Ars Technica. 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Retrieved July 31, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Review%3A+Windows+10+is+the+best+version+yet%E2%80%94once+the+bugs+get+fixed&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgadgets%2F2015%2F07%2Freview-windows-10-is-the-best-version-yet-once-the-bugs-get-fixed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-extremetech-privacysettings-321">^ <a href="#cite_ref-extremetech-privacysettings_321-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-extremetech-privacysettings_321-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-extremetech-privacysettings_321-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-extremetech-privacysettings_321-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-extremetech-privacysettings_321-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/211208-windows-10s-default-privacy-settings-and-controls-leave-much-to-be-desired">"Windows 10s default privacy settings and controls leave much to be desired"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ExtremeTech" title="ExtremeTech">ExtremeTech</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ziff_Davis" title="Ziff Davis">Ziff Davis</a>. 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Retrieved August 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TorrentFreak&rft.atitle=Torrent+Trackers+ban+Windows+10+over+privacy+concerns&rft.date=2015-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftorrentfreak.com%2Ftorrent-trackers-ban-windows-10-over-privacy-concerns-150822%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-komando-400"><a href="#cite_ref-komando_400-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKomando2015" class="citation web cs1">Komando, Kim (September 2, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150921230111/http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20150902/PC05/150909997/1052/3-windows-10-privacy-gotchas">"3 Windows 10 privacy gotchas"</a>. The Post and Courier. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20150902/PC05/150909997/1052/3-windows-10-privacy-gotchas">the original</a> on September 21, 2015. Retrieved September 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Post+and+Courier&rft.atitle=3+Windows+10+privacy+gotchas&rft.date=2015-09-02&rft.aulast=Komando&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.postandcourier.com%2Farticle%2F20150902%2FPC05%2F150909997%2F1052%2F3-windows-10-privacy-gotchas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-401"><a href="#cite_ref-401">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2019" class="citation web cs1">Hill, Brandon (September 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hothardware.com/news/microsoft-windows-10-offline-account">"Microsoft Just Hid The 'Use Offline Account' Option For Installing Windows 10, Here's Where To Find It"</a>. HotHardware. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190930204523/https://hothardware.com/news/microsoft-windows-10-offline-account">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HotHardware&rft.atitle=Microsoft+Just+Hid+The+%27Use+Offline+Account%27+Option+For+Installing+Windows+10%2C+Here%27s+Where+To+Find+It&rft.date=2019-09-29&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhothardware.com%2Fnews%2Fmicrosoft-windows-10-offline-account&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-402"><a href="#cite_ref-402">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman2019" class="citation web cs1">Hoffman, Chris (October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.howtogeek.com/442609/confirmed-windows-10-setup-now-prevents-local-account-creation/">"Confirmed: Windows 10 Setup Now Prevents Local Account Creation"</a>. How-To Geek. Retrieved October 2, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=How-To+Geek&rft.atitle=Confirmed%3A+Windows+10+Setup+Now+Prevents+Local+Account+Creation&rft.date=2019-10&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howtogeek.com%2F442609%2Fconfirmed-windows-10-setup-now-prevents-local-account-creation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-403"><a href="#cite_ref-403">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/windows-10-hosts-file-blocking-telemetry-is-now-flagged-as-a-risk/">"Windows 10: HOSTS file blocking telemetry is now flagged as a risk"</a>. BleepingComputer. Retrieved August 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BleepingComputer&rft.atitle=Windows+10%3A+HOSTS+file+blocking+telemetry+is+now+flagged+as+a+risk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bleepingcomputer.com%2Fnews%2Fmicrosoft%2Fwindows-10-hosts-file-blocking-telemetry-is-now-flagged-as-a-risk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+10" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Automotive" title="Windows Embedded Automotive">Embedded Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Industry" title="Windows Embedded Industry">Embedded Industry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_PC_2000" title="Pocket PC 2000">Pocket PC 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_PC_2002" title="Pocket PC 2002">Pocket PC 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_2003" title="Windows Mobile 2003">Mobile 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_5.0" title="Windows Mobile 5.0">Mobile 5.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_6.0" title="Windows Mobile 6.0">Mobile 6.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_6.1" title="Windows Mobile 6.1">Mobile 6.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_6.5" title="Windows Mobile 6.5">Mobile 6.5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_7" title="Windows Phone 7">Phone 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8" title="Windows Phone 8">Phone 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8.1" title="Windows Phone 8.1">Phone 8.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">10 Mobile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_(operating_system)" title="Cairo (operating system)">Cairo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Nashville" title="Windows Nashville">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Neptune" title="Windows Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Odyssey" title="Windows Odyssey">Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Polaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Polaris">Polaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10X" title="Windows 10X">10X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Development <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_Windows_95" title="Development of Windows 95">95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_Windows_XP" title="Development of Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_Windows_Vista" title="Development of Windows Vista">Vista</a></li></ul></li> <li>Editions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_editions" title="Windows XP editions">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista_editions" title="Windows Vista editions">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_7_editions" title="Windows 7 editions">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_8_editions" title="Windows 8 editions">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_11_editions" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 11 editions">11</a></li></ul></li> <li>New features <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_XP" title="Features new to Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_Vista" title="Features new to Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_7" title="Features new to Windows 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_8" title="Features new to Windows 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_10" title="Features new to Windows 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_11" title="Features new to Windows 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li>Removed features <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_XP" title="List of features removed in Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_Vista" title="List of features removed in Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_7" title="List of features removed in Windows 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_8" title="List of features removed in Windows 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_10" title="List of features removed in Windows 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_11" title="List of features removed in Windows 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_version_history" title="Microsoft Windows version history">Version history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_version_history" title="Windows Phone version history">Phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_history" title="Windows 10 version history">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile_version_history" title="Windows 10 Mobile version history">10 Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_11_version_history" title="Windows 11 version history">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions">Version comparison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Windows_Vista_and_Windows_XP" title="Comparison of Windows Vista and Windows XP">Vista and XP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Microsoft_Windows" title="Criticism of Microsoft Windows">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_XP" title="Criticism of Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_Vista" title="Criticism of Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_10" title="Criticism of Windows 10">10</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_for_Pen_Computing" title="Windows for Pen Computing">Windows for Pen Computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Plus!" title="Microsoft Plus!">Microsoft Plus!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_PowerToys" title="Microsoft PowerToys">Microsoft PowerToys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_Essentials" title="Windows Server Essentials">Windows Server Essentials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="List of Microsoft Windows versions">List of versions</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions">Comparison</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Microsoft_Windows" title="Category:Microsoft Windows">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Microsoft_Windows_components" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Microsoft_Windows_components" title="Template:Microsoft Windows components"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Microsoft_Windows_components" title="Template talk:Microsoft Windows components"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft_Windows_components" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft Windows components"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Microsoft_Windows_components" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_components" title="List of Microsoft Windows components">Microsoft Windows components</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_application_programming_interfaces_and_frameworks" title="List of Microsoft Windows application programming interfaces and frameworks">APIs</a></li> <li>Architecture <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Windows_9x" title="Architecture of Windows 9x">9x</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Windows_NT" title="Architecture of Windows NT">NT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booting_process_of_Windows" title="Booting process of Windows">Booting process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_games_included_with_Windows" title="List of games included with Windows">Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Management tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/App_Installer" title="App Installer">App Installer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cmd.exe" title="Cmd.exe">Command Prompt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)" title="Control Panel (Windows)">Control Panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Device_Manager" title="Device Manager">Device Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX_Diagnostic_Tool" title="DirectX Diagnostic Tool">DirectX Diagnostic Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disk_Cleanup" title="Disk Cleanup">Disk Cleanup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Drive_Optimizer" title="Microsoft Drive Optimizer">Drive Optimizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driver_Verifier" title="Driver Verifier">Driver Verifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_Viewer" title="Event Viewer">Event Viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IExpress" title="IExpress">IExpress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Management_Console" title="Microsoft Management Console">Management Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netsh" title="Netsh">Netsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance_Monitor" title="Performance Monitor">Performance Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recovery_Console" title="Recovery Console">Recovery Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Monitor" title="Resource Monitor">Resource Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settings_(Windows)" title="Settings (Windows)">Settings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sysprep" title="Sysprep">Sysprep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSConfig" title="MSConfig">System Configuration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_File_Checker" title="System File Checker">System File Checker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Information_(Windows)" title="System Information (Windows)">System Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Policy_Editor" title="System Policy Editor">System Policy Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Restore" title="System Restore">System Restore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Manager_(Windows)" title="Task Manager (Windows)">Task Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Error_Reporting" title="Windows Error Reporting">Windows Error Reporting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Ink" title="Windows Ink">Windows Ink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Installer" title="Windows Installer">Windows Installer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Insider" title="Windows Insider">Windows Insider</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Preinstallation_Environment#Windows_Recovery_Environment" title="Windows Preinstallation Environment">WinRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Management_Instrumentation" title="Windows Management Instrumentation">WMI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">Apps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_3D_Viewer" title="Microsoft 3D Viewer">3D Viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Calculator" title="Windows Calculator">Calculator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(Windows)" title="Calendar (Windows)">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Camera" title="Windows Camera">Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_Map_(Windows)" title="Character Map (Windows)">Character Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clipchamp" title="Clipchamp">Clipchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Clock" title="Windows Clock">Clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Copilot" title="Microsoft Copilot">Copilot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Fax_and_Scan" title="Windows Fax and Scan">Fax and Scan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feedback_Hub" title="Feedback Hub">Feedback Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get_Help" title="Get Help">Get Help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnifier_(Windows)" title="Magnifier (Windows)">Magnifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mail_(Windows)" title="Mail (Windows)">Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Maps" title="Windows Maps">Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Player" title="Windows Media Player">Media Player</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Player_(2022)" title="Windows Media Player (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Mesh" title="Microsoft Mesh">Mesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Messaging" title="Microsoft Messaging">Messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobility_Center" title="Windows Mobility Center">Mobility Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN#Money" title="MSN">Money</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Movies_%26_TV" title="Microsoft Movies & TV">Movies & TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrator_(Windows)" title="Narrator (Windows)">Narrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Notepad" title="Windows Notepad">Notepad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneDrive" title="OneDrive">OneDrive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_OneNote" title="Microsoft OneNote">OneNote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Paint" title="Microsoft Paint">Paint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_(Windows)" title="People (Windows)">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone_Link" title="Phone Link">Phone Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photos_(Windows)" title="Photos (Windows)">Photos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_Assist" title="Quick Assist">Quick Assist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Connection" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote Desktop Connection">Remote Desktop Connection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skype" title="Skype">Skype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snipping_Tool" title="Snipping Tool">Snipping Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Speech_Recognition" title="Windows Speech Recognition">Speech Recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN#Sports" title="MSN">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Start" title="Microsoft Start">Start</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sticky_Notes" title="Sticky Notes">Sticky Notes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Tips" title="Microsoft Tips">Tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_Recorder_(Windows)" title="Sound Recorder (Windows)">Voice Recorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN#Weather" title="MSN">Weather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xbox_(app)" title="Xbox (app)">Xbox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_shell" title="Windows shell">Shell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_Center" title="Action Center">Action Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Aero" title="Windows Aero">Aero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AutoPlay" title="AutoPlay">AutoPlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AutoRun" title="AutoRun">AutoRun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClearType" title="ClearType">ClearType</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Explorer" title="File Explorer">Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Search" title="Windows Search">Search</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IFilter" title="IFilter">IFilter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indexing_Service" title="Indexing Service">Indexing Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Shell_namespace" title="Windows Shell namespace">Namespace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_folder#Windows" title="Virtual folder">Saved search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_folder" title="Special folder">Special folder</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Start_menu" title="Start menu">Start menu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_View" title="Task View">Task View</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taskbar" title="Taskbar">Taskbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Spotlight" title="Windows Spotlight">Windows Spotlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_visual_styles" title="Windows XP visual styles">Windows XP visual styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_service" title="Windows service">Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Background_Intelligent_Transfer_Service" title="Background Intelligent Transfer Service">BITS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Log_File_System" title="Common Log File System">CLFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Error_Reporting" title="Windows Error Reporting">Error Reporting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_Class_Scheduler_Service" title="Multimedia Class Scheduler Service">Multimedia Class Scheduler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_Control_Manager" title="Service Control Manager">Service Control Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Copy" title="Shadow Copy">Shadow Copy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Task_Scheduler" title="Windows Task Scheduler">Task Scheduler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_Zero_Configuration" title="Wireless Zero Configuration">Wireless Zero Configuration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/File_system" title="File system">File systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO_9660" title="ISO 9660">CDFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_File_System_(Microsoft)" title="Distributed File System (Microsoft)">DFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExFAT" title="ExFAT">exFAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Allocation_Table" title="File Allocation Table">FAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Installable_File_System" title="Installable File System">IFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTFS" title="NTFS">NTFS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encrypting_File_System" title="Encrypting File System">EFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_link" title="Hard link">Hard link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTFS_links" title="NTFS links">links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTFS_volume_mount_point" title="NTFS volume mount point">Mount Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTFS_reparse_point" title="NTFS reparse point">Reparse point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transactional_NTFS" title="Transactional NTFS">TxF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReFS" title="ReFS">ReFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format" title="Universal Disk Format">UDF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">Server</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_Directory" title="Active Directory">Active Directory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_Directory_Rights_Management_Services" title="Active Directory Rights Management Services">Active DRM Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Replication_Service" title="File Replication Service">DFS Replication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Distributed_Transaction_Coordinator" title="Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator">Distributed Transaction Coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_DNS" title="Microsoft DNS">DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_domain" title="Windows domain">Domains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folder_redirection" title="Folder redirection">Folder redirection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_Policy" title="Group Policy">Group Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyper-V" title="Hyper-V">Hyper-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">IIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Message_Queuing" title="Microsoft Message Queuing">MSMQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Access_Protection" title="Network Access Protection">Network Access Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Print_Services_for_UNIX" title="Print Services for UNIX">Print Services for UNIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Personal_Web_Server" title="Microsoft Personal Web Server">PWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Services" title="Remote Desktop Services">Remote Desktop Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Differential_Compression" title="Remote Differential Compression">Remote Differential Compression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Installation_Services" title="Remote Installation Services">Remote Installation Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaming_user_profile" title="Roaming user profile">Roaming user profiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server_Core" title="Server Core">Server Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SharePoint" title="SharePoint">SharePoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_System_Resource_Manager" title="Windows System Resource Manager">System Resource Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Deployment_Services" title="Windows Deployment Services">Windows Deployment Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Services" title="Windows Media Services">Windows Media Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_Update_Services" title="Windows Server Update Services">WSUS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_architecture" title="Software architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Boot_Manager" title="Windows Boot Manager">Boot Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Console" title="Windows Console">Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Client/Server_Runtime_Subsystem" title="Client/Server Runtime Subsystem">CSRSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desktop_Window_Manager" title="Desktop Window Manager">Desktop Window Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Write_Filter" title="Enhanced Write Filter">Enhanced Write Filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Device_Interface" title="Graphics Device Interface">Graphics Device Interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_library_files#Hardware_Abstraction_Layer" title="Microsoft Windows library files">Hardware Abstraction Layer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I/O_request_packet" title="I/O request packet">I/O request packet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Imaging_Format" title="Windows Imaging Format">Imaging Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernel_Transaction_Manager" title="Kernel Transaction Manager">Kernel Transaction Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_library_files" title="Microsoft Windows library files">Library files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logical_Disk_Manager" title="Logical Disk Manager">Logical Disk Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Security_Authority_Subsystem_Service" title="Local Security Authority Subsystem Service">LSASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MinWin" title="MinWin">MinWin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTLDR" title="NTLDR">NTLDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ntoskrnl.exe" title="Ntoskrnl.exe">Ntoskrnl.exe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Object_Manager" title="Object Manager">Object Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_XML_Paper_Specification" title="Open XML Paper Specification">Open XML Paper Specification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_Executable" title="Portable Executable">Portable Executable</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic-link_library" title="Dynamic-link library">DLL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.exe" title=".exe">EXE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Registry" title="Windows Registry">Registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Resource_Protection" title="Windows Resource Protection">Resource Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Account_Manager" title="Security Account Manager">Security Account Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server_Message_Block" title="Server Message Block">Server Message Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Copy" title="Shadow Copy">Shadow Copy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_Manager_Subsystem" title="Session Manager Subsystem">SMSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Idle_Process" title="System Idle Process">System Idle Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_USER" title="Windows USER">USER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Hardware_Error_Architecture" title="Windows Hardware Error Architecture">WHEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winlogon" title="Winlogon">Winlogon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinUSB" title="WinUSB">WinUSB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Security_and_Maintenance" title="Security and Maintenance">Security and Maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppLocker" title="AppLocker">AppLocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BitLocker" title="BitLocker">BitLocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credential_Guard" title="Credential Guard">Credential Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_Execution_Prevention" class="mw-redirect" title="Data Execution Prevention">Data Execution Prevention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Defender_Antivirus" title="Microsoft Defender Antivirus">Defender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_family_features" title="Microsoft family features">Family features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernel_Patch_Protection" title="Kernel Patch Protection">Kernel Patch Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Integrity_Control" title="Mandatory Integrity Control">Mandatory Integrity Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_Media_Path" title="Protected Media Path">Protected Media Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User_Account_Control" title="User Account Control">User Account Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User_Interface_Privilege_Isolation" title="User Interface Privilege Isolation">User Interface Privilege Isolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Firewall" title="Windows Firewall">Windows Firewall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compatibility</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COMMAND.COM" title="COMMAND.COM">COMMAND.COM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux" title="Windows Subsystem for Linux">Windows Subsystem for Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WoW64" title="WoW64">WoW64</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_Scripting" title="Active Scripting">Active Scripting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JScript" title="JScript">JScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Script_Host" title="Windows Script Host">WSH</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Component_Object_Model" title="Component Object Model">COM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ActiveX_Document" title="ActiveX Document">ActiveX Document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COM_Structured_Storage" title="COM Structured Storage">COM Structured storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Component_Object_Model" title="Distributed Component Object Model">DCOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Object_Linking_and_Embedding" title="Object Linking and Embedding">OLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OLE_Automation" title="OLE Automation">OLE Automation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Transaction_Server" title="Microsoft Transaction Server">Transaction Server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Native_API" title="Windows Native API">Native</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET" title=".NET">.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform" title="Universal Windows Platform">Universal Windows Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_API" title="Windows API">WinAPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mixed_Reality" title="Windows Mixed Reality">Windows Mixed Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Runtime" title="Windows Runtime">Windows Runtime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinUSB" title="WinUSB">WinUSB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Solitaire_Collection" title="Microsoft Solitaire Collection">Solitaire Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_(video_game)" title="Surf (video game)">Surf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Full_Tilt!_Pinball#3D_Pinball_for_Windows_–_Space_Cadet" title="Full Tilt! Pinball">3D Pinball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_Titans" title="Chess Titans">Chess Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_FreeCell" title="Microsoft FreeCell">FreeCell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Hearts" title="Microsoft Hearts">Hearts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Ultimate_Extras" title="Windows Ultimate Extras">Hold 'Em</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InkBall" title="InkBall">InkBall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purble_Place" title="Purble Place">Purble Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Solitaire" title="Microsoft Solitaire">Solitaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Spider_Solitaire" title="Microsoft Spider Solitaire">Spider Solitaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Tinker" title="Microsoft Tinker">Tinker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ActiveMovie" title="ActiveMovie">ActiveMovie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Address_Book" title="Windows Address Book">Address Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Anytime_Upgrade" title="Windows Anytime Upgrade">Anytime Upgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backup_and_Restore" title="Backup and Restore">Backup and Restore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardfile" title="Cardfile">Cardfile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_CardSpace" title="Windows CardSpace">CardSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD_Player_(Windows)" title="CD Player (Windows)">CD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Chat" title="Windows Chat">Chat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Contacts" title="Windows Contacts">Contacts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortana_(virtual_assistant)" title="Cortana (virtual assistant)">Cortana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Desktop_Gadgets" title="Windows Desktop Gadgets">Desktop Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Diagnostics" title="Microsoft Diagnostics">Diagnostics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DriveSpace" title="DriveSpace">DriveSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_DVD_Maker" title="Windows DVD Maker">DVD Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Easy_Transfer" title="Windows Easy Transfer">Easy Transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Fax" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Fax">Fax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN_Food_%26_Drink" class="mw-redirect" title="MSN Food & Drink">Food & Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_Music" title="Groove Music">Groove Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN_Health_%26_Fitness" class="mw-redirect" title="MSN Health & Fitness">Health & Fitness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help_and_Support_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Help and Support Center">Help and Support Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HyperACCESS" title="HyperACCESS">HyperTerminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imaging_for_Windows" title="Imaging for Windows">Imaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Journal" title="Windows Journal">Journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make_Compatible" title="Make Compatible">Make Compatible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Center" title="Windows Media Center">Media Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Meeting_Space" title="Windows Meeting Space">Meeting Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Messaging" title="Windows Messaging">Messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Messenger" title="Windows Messenger">Messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_Device_Center" title="Windows Mobile Device Center">Mobile Device Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Movie_Maker" title="Windows Movie Maker">Movie Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN_Dial-up" title="MSN Dial-up">MSN Dial-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_NetMeeting" title="Microsoft NetMeeting">NetMeeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTBackup" title="NTBackup">NTBackup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlook_Express" title="Outlook Express">Outlook Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_3D" title="Paint 3D">Paint 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Pay" title="Microsoft Pay">Pay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone_Companion" title="Phone Companion">Phone Companion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Photo_Gallery" title="Windows Photo Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Photo_Viewer" title="Windows Photo Viewer">Photo Viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Program_Manager" title="Program Manager">Program Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Steps_Recorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Problem Steps Recorder">Steps Recorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syskey" title="Syskey">Syskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_(Windows)" class="mw-redirect" title="Travel (Windows)">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinHelp" title="WinHelp">WinHelp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WordPad" title="WordPad">WordPad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Write" title="Microsoft Write">Write</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desktop_Cleanup_Wizard" title="Desktop Cleanup Wizard">Desktop Cleanup Wizard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_File_Protection" title="Windows File Protection">File Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Games_for_Windows" title="Games for Windows">Games for Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Performance_File_System" title="High Performance File System">HPFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interix" title="Interix">Interix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Control_Interface" title="Media Control Interface">Media Control Interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS-DOS_7" title="MS-DOS 7">MS-DOS 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next-Generation_Secure_Computing_Base" title="Next-Generation Secure Computing Base">Next-Generation Secure Computing Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_POSIX_subsystem" title="Microsoft POSIX subsystem">POSIX subsystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_ScanDisk" title="Microsoft ScanDisk">ScanDisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_for_Windows" title="Video for Windows">Video for Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_DOS_machine" title="Virtual DOS machine">Virtual DOS machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_on_Windows" title="Windows on Windows">Windows on Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Services_for_UNIX" title="Windows Services for UNIX">Windows Services for UNIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_SideShow" title="Windows SideShow">Windows SideShow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_System_Assessment_Tool" title="Windows System Assessment Tool">Windows System Assessment Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_To_Go" title="Windows To Go">Windows To Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinFS" title="WinFS">WinFS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spun off to <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVD_Player_(Windows)" title="DVD Player (Windows)">DVD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_File_Manager" title="Windows File Manager">File Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hover!" title="Hover!">Hover!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Mahjong" title="Microsoft Mahjong">Mahjong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Minesweeper" title="Microsoft Minesweeper">Minesweeper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Windows_components" title="Category:Windows components">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_components" title="List of Microsoft Windows components">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Windows_10_version_history" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Windows_10_version_history" title="Template:Windows 10 version history"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Windows_10_version_history" title="Template talk:Windows 10 version history"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Windows_10_version_history" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Windows 10 version history"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Windows_10_version_history" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_history" title="Windows 10 version history">Windows 10 version history</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_(original_release)" title="Windows 10 (original release)">Version 1507</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1511" title="Windows 10, version 1511">Version 1511</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1607" title="Windows 10, version 1607">Version 1607</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1703" title="Windows 10, version 1703">Version 1703</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1709" title="Windows 10, version 1709">Version 1709</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1803" title="Windows 10, version 1803">Version 1803</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1809" title="Windows 10, version 1809">Version 1809</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1903" title="Windows 10, version 1903">Version 1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_1909" title="Windows 10, version 1909">Version 1909</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_2004" title="Windows 10, version 2004">Version 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_20H2" title="Windows 10, version 20H2">Version 20H2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_21H1" title="Windows 10, version 21H1">Version 21H1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_21H2" title="Windows 10, version 21H2">Version 21H2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10,_version_22H2" title="Windows 10, version 22H2">Version 22H2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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