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name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.30.0"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="OeisWiki (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://oeis.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="license" href="/wiki/The_OEIS_End-User_License_Agreement"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="OeisWiki Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="/resources/lib/html5shiv/html5shiv.min.js"></script><![endif]--> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Main_Page rootpage-Main_Page skin-monobook action-view"><div id="globalWrapper"> <div id="column-content"> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice" class="mw-body-content"><div id="localNotice" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><p>This site is supported by donations to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oeisf.org/">The OEIS Foundation</a>. </p></div></div></div> <div class="mw-indicators mw-body-content"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Main Page</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content"> <div id="siteSub">From OeisWiki</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-fr-revisiontag" class="flaggedrevs_quality flaggedrevs_stable_synced plainlinks noprint nomobile"><img class="flaggedrevs-icon" src="/w/extensions/FlaggedRevs/frontend/modules/img/3.png" alt="This is a quality version of this page" title="This is a quality version of this page" />This is the <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_validation" title="Help:Page validation">stable version</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Main_Page">approved</a> on <i>5 November 2024</i>.<a id="mw-fr-revisiontoggle" class="fr-toggle-symbol" style="display:none;" title="show/hide details" >(+)</a><div id='mw-fr-revisiondetails'> <span class='fr-marker-60'><strong>Readability</strong>: <span class='fr-text-value'>Approved </span> </span> </div></div> </div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump">Jump to: <a href="#column-one">navigation</a>, <a href="#searchInput">search</a></div> <!-- start content --> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="The_On-Line_Encyclopedia_of_Integer_Sequences.C2.AE_.28OEIS.C2.AE.29_Wiki">The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences庐 (OEIS庐) Wiki</span></h2> <p><font size="+1">This is the Wiki part of the OEIS</font> </p> <ul><li> Many pages of information about the OEIS--everything except the sequences themselves. See <a href="#Navigating">below</a>.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Announcement:_The_Sequence_Fans_mailing_list_is_reborn_as_a_Google_Group">Announcement: The Sequence Fans mailing list is reborn as a Google Group</span></h3> <ul><li> Sadly, it appears that Olivier Gerard, the moderator of the three OEIS mailing lists (SeqFans, Associate-Eds, and Eds-in-Chief) passed away in September 2024. This is a great loss, Olivier was an Editor-in-Chief of the OEIS and founded these mailing lists and moderated them for decades.</li></ul> <ul><li> To replace the three lists we have set up two Google Groups. The main one is a Google Group called SeqFan, URL <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://groups.google.com/g/seqfan">https://groups.google.com/g/seqfan</a>, email address seqfan@googlegroups.com. This will replace both the old Seq Fan list and the Associate-Eds list. It will discuss interesting sequences, especially open problems, matters concerning the OEIS database and the website, announcements, etc.</li></ul> <ul><li> To join the new group, if you were a member of the old groups or are a potential new member: <ol><li> Sign into Google.</li> <li> Go to <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://groups.google.com/g/seqfan">https://groups.google.com/g/seqfan</a>,</li> <li> Click "Join this group".</li> <li> Wait for Robert C. Lyons or me to approve your request. We are in the New York time zone.</li></ol></li></ul> <ul><li> If you don't have a Gmail address, you can still join the group; see the Join a group without a Gmail address section of the following page for instructions: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://support.google.com/groups/answer/1067205">https://support.google.com/groups/answer/1067205</a></li></ul> <ul><li> The second new group is a very small group restricted to OEIS Editors-in-Chief: URL <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://groups.google.com/g/oeis-eic">https://groups.google.com/g/oeis-eic</a>, email: oeis-eic@googlegroups.com. We have already invited all the Eds-in-Chief to join it.</li></ul> <ul><li>We have not been able to recover the names of the people on the old list, so if you know someone who is not on the new list, please point them to this announcement.</li></ul> <ul><li> Posted by Robert C. Lyons and Neil J. A. Sloane, Oct 18 2024</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Navigating">Navigating</span></h3> <ul><li> <b>Important: The main OEIS lookup page is <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://oeis.org">https://oeis.org</a>. Use that page for looking up a sequence, searching the database, contributing new sequences, editing sequences, etc.</b></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Welcome" title="Welcome"><b>Welcome to OEIS</b></a></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Index_to_OEIS" title="Index to OEIS">Index to OEIS</a></b>; Other OEIS indexes: <a href="/wiki/Index_to_constants" title="Index to constants"><b>constants</b></a> (very large), <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Factorization_Sequences" title="Index of Factorization Sequences"><b>factorizations</b></a>, <a href="/wiki/Index_to_fractions_in_OEIS" title="Index to fractions in OEIS"><b>fractions</b></a>, <a href="/wiki/Index_to_OEIS:_Section_Rec" title="Index to OEIS: Section Rec"><b>recurrences</b></a> (very large), <a href="/wiki/Index_to_triangles" title="Index to triangles"><b>triangles</b></a> </li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Works_Citing_OEIS" title="Works Citing OEIS">Works Citing OEIS</a></b>.   <a href="/wiki/Quotes" title="Quotes"><b>Quotations about the OEIS</b></a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Special:RequestAccount" title="Special:RequestAccount"><b>Register</b></a> (so you can submit sequences or suggest changes).</li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/OEIS_pics.html"><b>Pictures from the OEIS: The (Free) OEIS Store</b></a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</span></h3> <ul><li> <a href="/wiki/Trouble_registering,_logging_in,_changing_password" title="Trouble registering, logging in, changing password"><b>Trouble registering, logging in, changing password or email address, remembering name, changing name</b></a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Unexpected_error_while_authenticating,_Server_broke_handling_request,_Proxy_error,_etc." class="mw-redirect" title="Unexpected error while authenticating, Server broke handling request, Proxy error, etc."><b>Error messages: Unexpected error while authenticating, Server broke handling request, Proxy error, etc.</b></a></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Why_am_I_limited_to_3_submissions" title="Why am I limited to 3 submissions">Why am I limited to 3 submissions</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Why_are_my_submissions_taking_so_long_to_be_accepted" title="Why are my submissions taking so long to be accepted">Why are my submissions taking so long to be accepted</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/%22War_and_Peace%22_submissions" title=""War and Peace" submissions">"War and Peace" submissions</a></b></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Information">Information</span></h3> <ul><li> <b><a href="/wiki/Style_Sheet" title="Style Sheet">Style Sheet</a></b> for contributors</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/QandA_For_New_OEIS" title="QandA For New OEIS"><b>Questions and Answers</b></a></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/How_to_add_a_comment,_more_terms,_or_a_b-file_(short_version)" title="How to add a comment, more terms, or a b-file (short version)">How to add a comment, more terms, or a b-file (short version)</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/What_is_a_%22pink_box%22_comment%3F" title="What is a "pink box" comment?">What is a "pink box" comment?</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/AVOID_INTERFERING_EDITS" title="AVOID INTERFERING EDITS">AVOID INTERFERING EDITS</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Use_of_AI_for_OEIS_Submissions_is_Forbidden" title="Use of AI for OEIS Submissions is Forbidden">Use of AI for OEIS Submissions is Forbidden</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/How_to_reference_the_OEIS_or_a_particular_entry" title="How to reference the OEIS or a particular entry">How to reference the OEIS or a particular entry</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/What_if_I_have_an_idea_for_new_sequences" title="What if I have an idea for new sequences">What if I have an idea for new sequences</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Overview_of_the_contribution_process" title="Overview of the contribution process">Overview of the contribution process</a></b></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/OEIS_FAQ" title="OEIS FAQ"><b>FAQ for OEIS</b></a>; <a href="/wiki/OEIS_Help_Page" title="OEIS Help Page"><b>OEIS Help Page</b></a> Have a question about the OEIS? Enter it here!</li> <li> <b>Instructions for <a href="/wiki/Instructions_For_General_Users" title="Instructions For General Users">General Users</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instructions_For_Associate_Editors" title="Instructions For Associate Editors">Associate Editors</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Instructions_For_Editors_In_Chief" title="Instructions For Editors In Chief">Editors-in-Chief</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/JSON_Format" title="JSON Format">JSON Format</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Compressed_Versions_of_the_Database" title="Compressed Versions of the Database">Compressed Versions of the Database</a></b> and <b>how to <a href="/wiki/Download" title="Download">download</a> everything</b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Editorial_Board" title="Editorial Board">Editorial Board</a></b></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Special:ListUsers" title="Special:ListUsers"><b>Registered Users</b></a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/How_Replies_Are_Ranked" title="How Replies Are Ranked"><b>How replies to a query are ranked</b></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/recent"><b>Recent additions to OEIS</b></a> (sequences with keyword "new")</li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_press_clippings" title="Awards and press clippings">Awards and press clippings</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Suggested_Projects" title="Suggested Projects">Suggested Projects</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Deleted_sequences" title="Deleted sequences">Deleted sequences</a></b></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/New_OEIS_Banner" title="New OEIS Banner"><b>About the OEIS banner</b></a></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/More_Pages" title="More Pages">More Pages</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/OEIS_Log" title="OEIS Log">OEIS Log</a></b> (server esoterica)</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Resources">Resources</span></h3> <ul><li> <b>Videos about OEIS</b> by <a href="/wiki/User:N._J._A._Sloane" title="User:N. J. A. Sloane">Neil Sloane</a>: <b>Numberphile videos</b> on YouTube with Brady Haran, 2018-present: <ul><li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4OvBB9KHMA"><b>Planing Sequences (Le Rabot)</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0zT16q3p24M"><b>A Sequence with a Mistake</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6X2D497is6Y"><b>Eureka Sequences</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNjPPFyEeLo"><b>The Levine Sequence</b></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AeqK96UX3rA"><b>The Brussels Choice</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNx3JxRhnZE"><b>Dungeon Numbers</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFeKdMf01rQ"><b>(extra)</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNk_MfFKnuY"><b>Podcast: The Number Collector</b></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pAMgUB51XZA"><b>Amazing Graphs (I)</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8c4uYnnNnc"><b>(II)</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0o-pMIR8uk"><b>(III)</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=etMJxB-igrc"><b>Don't Know (the Van Eck Sequence)</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IN1fPtY9jYg"><b>Peaceable Queens</b></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRIL9kMJJSc"><b>How many ways can circles overlap?</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGQe8waGJ4w"><b>The Trapped Knight</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_UtCli1SgjI"><b>Terrific Toothpick Patterns</b></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OeGSQggDkxI"><b>What Number Comes Next?</b></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZkGeR9CWbk"><b>Primes on the Moon (Lunar Arithmetic)</b></a></li></ul></li> <li> <b>Other talks about OEIS</b> by <a href="/wiki/User:N._J._A._Sloane" title="User:N. J. A. Sloane">Neil Sloane</a>: <ul><li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ogbsh8KuEM"><b>Exciting Number Sequences</b></a>, Rutgers Day, 2021; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A002572/a002572_3.pdf"><b>Richard Guy and the OEIS: A Fifty-Year Friendship</b></a>, Calgary 2021</li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/457349959"><b>Conant's Gasket, etc.</b></a>, Rutgers Experimental Math Seminar, 2020; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A331452/a331452.pdf"><b>Art and Sequences</b></a>, Rutgers 2020 </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/365825314"><b>Old and New Problems from 55 Years of the OEIS</b></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A108092/a108092.pdf">slides</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar, 2019; <b>Coordination Sequences, Planing Numbers, etc.</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/314786942">Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/314790822">2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A320487/a320487.pdf">Slides</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar, 2019 </li> <li> <b>Three (No, 8) Lovely Problems from the OEIS</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/237029685">Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/237030304">2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A290447/a290447_slides.pdf">Slides</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar, 2017; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A195264/a195264.pdf"><b>Confessions of a Sequence Addict</b></a>, AofA 2017, Princeton; <b>Winter Fruits: New Problems ...</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/201218446">Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/201215144">2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A002844/a002844.pdf">Slides</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar 2017</li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A272412/a272412.pdf"><b>The OEIS, Mathematical Discovery, and Insomnia</b></a>, London Ontario, 2016; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A268176/a268176.pdf"><b>Open Problems in the OEIS</b></a>, Rutgers, 2016 </li> <li> <b>Unsolved Number Theory Sequences from Alekseyev, Meiburg, Resta, van der Poorten, and Pablo Picasso</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/140364490">Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/140364489">2</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar, 2015; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A241600/a241600_1.pdf"><b>The Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences</b></a>, Good Ideas in Teaching Precalculus, Rutgers 2015; <b>On the No. of ON Cells in Cellular Automata</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/119073818">Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/119073819">2</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar, 2015; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKPRRUWbWAQ"><b>Interview by Marc Chamberland</b></a>, JMM 2015</li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/album/3082332"><b>The OEIS Today: The Major Problems</b></a>, DIMACS Conference to celebrate the 50th birthday of the OEIS, reaching 250,000 sequences, and Neil Sloane's 75th birthday, 2014; <b>Error-Correcting Codes, Group Theory, and Invariant Theory</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/92567517">1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/92557262">2</a>, Rutgers 2014</li> <li> <b>2178 And All That</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LykiXBgwY4E">Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SasnGqqejI">2</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar, 2013; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A218876/a218876.pdf"><b>On Curling Numbers ...</b></a>, Toronto, 2013; <b>The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences: The First 100 Years</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xs08k-BwU_s&list=UUKFQyqLO6MQKQhlpzYt53MA&index=1">Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VligHIOfvRU">2</a>, Rutgers EM Seminar, 2013</li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeis.org/A003159/a003159.pdf"><b>The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences</b></a>, Rutgers University, Feb. 2012.</li></ul></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/g/seqfan">Google seqfan group</a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/oeis/oeis/issues">OEIS software issue tracker</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Sequences_From_Classic_Books" title="Sequences From Classic Books"><b>Concordances to Sequences in Classic Books</b></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oeisf.org/#MOVIE"><b>OEIS: The MOVIE</b></a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Alexa,_ask_OEIS" title="Alexa, ask OEIS"><b>Alexa, ask OEIS for the digits of pi</b></a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Policy">Policy</span></h3> <ul><li> <b><a href="/wiki/Policy_concerning_pages_on_the_OEIS_Wiki" title="Policy concerning pages on the OEIS Wiki">Policy concerning pages on the OEIS Wiki</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Good_Behavior_Guide_For_Contributors_and_Editors" title="Good Behavior Guide For Contributors and Editors">Good Behavior Guide For Contributors and Editors</a></b></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Legal_Documents" title="Legal Documents"><b>License Agreements, Terms of Use, Privacy Policy</b></a></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Complaints_About_Editing" title="Complaints About Editing">Complaints About Editing</a></b></li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Examples_of_what_not_to_submit" title="Examples of what not to submit">Examples of what not to submit</a></b></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Events">Events</span></h3> <ul><li> <a href="/wiki/Integer_Sequence_K-12_(Banff,_2015)" title="Integer Sequence K-12 (Banff, 2015)"><b>Integer Sequences K-12 Conference, 2015</b></a>; 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