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approach</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: modal approach"> <meta name="keywords" content="modal approach"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="modal approach"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 14106</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: modal approach</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14106</span> The Complete Modal Derivatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastian%20Andersen">Sebastian Andersen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20N.%20Poulsen"> Peter N. Poulsen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of basis projection in the structural dynamic analysis is frequently applied. The purpose of the method is to improve the computational efficiency, while maintaining a high solution accuracy, by projection the governing equations onto a small set of carefully selected basis vectors. The present work considers basis projection in kinematic nonlinear systems with a focus on two widely used basis vectors; the system mode shapes and their modal derivatives. Particularly the latter basis vectors are given special attention since only approximate modal derivatives have been used until now. In the present work the complete modal derivatives, derived from perturbation methods, are presented and compared to the previously applied approximate modal derivatives. The correctness of the complete modal derivatives is illustrated by use of an example of a harmonically loaded kinematic nonlinear structure modeled by beam elements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basis%20projection" title="basis projection">basis projection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematic%20nonlinearities" title=" kinematic nonlinearities"> kinematic nonlinearities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20derivatives" title=" modal derivatives"> modal derivatives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92260/the-complete-modal-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14105</span> A Simple Approach to Reliability Assessment of Structures via Anomaly Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rims%20Janeliukstis">Rims Janeliukstis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deniss%20Mironovs"> Deniss Mironovs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrejs%20Kovalovs"> Andrejs Kovalovs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) is widely applied as a method for Structural Health Monitoring for structural damage identification and assessment by tracking the changes of the identified modal parameters over time. Unfortunately, modal parameters also depend on such external factors as temperature and loads. Any structural condition assessment using modal parameters should be done taking into consideration those external factors, otherwise there is a high chance of false positives. A method of structural reliability assessment based on anomaly detection technique called Machalanobis Squared Distance (MSD) is proposed. It requires a set of reference conditions to learn healthy state of a structure, which all future parameters are compared to. In this study, structural modal parameters (natural frequency and mode shape), as well as ambient temperature and loads acting on the structure are used as features. Numerical tests were performed on a finite element model of a carbon fibre reinforced polymer composite beam with delamination damage at various locations and of various severities. The advantages of the demonstrated approach include relatively few computational steps, ability to distinguish between healthy and damaged conditions and discriminate between different damage severities. It is anticipated to be promising in reliability assessment of massively produced structural parts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20modal%20analysis" title="operational modal analysis">operational modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20assessment" title=" reliability assessment"> reliability assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomaly%20detection" title=" anomaly detection"> anomaly detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage" title=" damage"> damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mahalanobis%20squared%20distance" title=" mahalanobis squared distance"> mahalanobis squared distance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148382/a-simple-approach-to-reliability-assessment-of-structures-via-anomaly-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14104</span> Variations of the Modal Characteristics of the Feeding Stage with Different Preloaded Linear Guide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jui-Pui%20Hung">Jui-Pui Hung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Run%20Chen"> Yong-Run Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Cheng%20Shih"> Wei-Cheng Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Wei%20Lin"> Chun-Wei Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed to assess the variations of the modal characteristics of the feeding stage with different linear guide modulus. The dynamic characteristics of the feeding stage were characterized in terms of the modal stiffness, modal frequency and modal damping, which are assessed from the vibration tests. According to the experimental measurements, the actual preload of the linear guide modulus was found to deviate from the rated values as setting in factory. This may be due to the assemblage errors of guide modules. For the stage with linear guides, the dynamic stiffness was affected to change by the preload set on the rolling balls. The variation of the dynamic stiffness at first and second modes is 20.8 and 10.5%, respectively when the linear guide preload is adjusted from medium and high amount. But the modal damping ratio is reduced by 8.97 and 9.65%, respectively. For high-frequency mode, the modal stiffness increases by 171.2% and the damping ratio reduced by 34.4%. Current results demonstrate the importance in the determining the preloaded amount of linear guide modulus in practical application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20stiffness" title="contact stiffness">contact stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeding%20stage" title=" feeding stage"> feeding stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20guides" title=" linear guides"> linear guides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20characteristics" title=" modal characteristics"> modal characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-load" title=" pre-load"> pre-load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51628/variations-of-the-modal-characteristics-of-the-feeding-stage-with-different-preloaded-linear-guide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14103</span> Modal Density Influence on Modal Complexity Quantification in Dynamic Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabrizio%20Iezzi">Fabrizio Iezzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claudio%20Valente"> Claudio Valente</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The viscous damping in dynamic systems can be proportional or non-proportional. In the first case, the mode shapes are real whereas in the second case they are complex. From an engineering point of view, the complexity of the mode shapes is important in order to quantify the non-proportional damping. Different indices exist to provide estimates of the modal complexity. These indices are or not zero, depending whether the mode shapes are not or are complex. The modal density problem arises in the experimental identification when the dynamic systems have close modal frequencies. Depending on the entity of this closeness, the mode shapes can hold fictitious imaginary quantities that affect the values of the modal complexity indices. The results are the failing in the identification of the real or complex mode shapes and then of the proportional or non-proportional damping. The paper aims to show the influence of the modal density on the values of these indices in case of both proportional and non-proportional damping. Theoretical and pseudo-experimental solutions are compared to analyze the problem according to an appropriate mechanical system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20mode%20shapes" title="complex mode shapes">complex mode shapes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20systems%20identification" title=" dynamic systems identification"> dynamic systems identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20density" title=" modal density"> modal density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-proportional%20damping" title=" non-proportional damping"> non-proportional damping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52803/modal-density-influence-on-modal-complexity-quantification-in-dynamic-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14102</span> Basic Modal Displacements (BMD) for Optimizing the Buildings Subjected to Earthquakes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Khatibinia"> Mohsen Khatibinia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In structural optimizations through meta-heuristic algorithms, analyses of structures are performed for many times. For this reason, performing the analyses in a time saving way is precious. The importance of the point is more accentuated in time-history analyses which take much time. To this aim, peak picking methods also known as spectrum analyses are generally utilized. However, such methods do not have the required accuracy either done by square root of sum of squares (SRSS) or complete quadratic combination (CQC) rules. The paper presents an efficient technique for evaluating the dynamic responses during the optimization process with high speed and accuracy. In the method, first by using a static equivalent of the earthquake, an initial design is obtained. Then, the displacements in the modal coordinates are achieved. The displacements are herein called basic modal displacements (MBD). For each new design of the structure, the responses can be derived by well scaling each of the MBD along the time and amplitude and superposing them together using the corresponding modal matrices. To illustrate the efficiency of the method, an optimization problems is studied. The results show that the proposed approach is a suitable replacement for the conventional time history and spectrum analyses in such problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basic%20modal%20displacements" title="basic modal displacements">basic modal displacements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrum" title=" spectrum"> spectrum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29240/basic-modal-displacements-bmd-for-optimizing-the-buildings-subjected-to-earthquakes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14101</span> Pseudo Modal Operating Deflection Shape Based Estimation Technique of Mode Shape Using Time History Modal Assurance Criterion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doyoung%20Kim">Doyoung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyo%20Seon%20Park"> Hyo Seon Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Studies of System Identification(SI) based on Structural Health Monitoring(SHM) have actively conducted for structural safety. Recently SI techniques have been rapidly developed with output-only SI paradigm for estimating modal parameters. The features of these output-only SI methods consist of Frequency Domain Decomposition(FDD) and Stochastic Subspace Identification(SSI) are using the algorithms based on orthogonal decomposition such as singular value decomposition(SVD). But the SVD leads to high level of computational complexity to estimate modal parameters. This paper proposes the technique to estimate mode shape with lower computational cost. This technique shows pseudo modal Operating Deflections Shape(ODS) through bandpass filter and suggests time history Modal Assurance Criterion(MAC). Finally, mode shape could be estimated from pseudo modal ODS and time history MAC. Analytical simulations of vibration measurement were performed and the results with mode shape and computation time between representative SI method and proposed method were compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20assurance%20criterion" title="modal assurance criterion">modal assurance criterion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20shape" title=" mode shape"> mode shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20deflection%20shape" title=" operating deflection shape"> operating deflection shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20identification" title=" system identification"> system identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52251/pseudo-modal-operating-deflection-shape-based-estimation-technique-of-mode-shape-using-time-history-modal-assurance-criterion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14100</span> Experimental Modal Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Square Slabs </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Ahmed">M. S. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20A.%20Mohammad"> F. A. Mohammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to perform experimental modal analysis (EMA) of reinforced concrete (RC) square slabs. EMA is the process of determining the modal parameters (Natural Frequencies, damping factors, modal vectors) of a structure from a set of frequency response functions FRFs (curve fitting). Although experimental modal analysis (or modal testing) has grown steadily in popularity since the advent of the digital FFT spectrum analyzer in the early 1970’s, studying all members and materials using such method have not yet been well documented. Therefore, in this work, experimental tests were conducted on RC square specimens (0.6m x 0.6m with 40 mm). Experimental analysis is based on freely supported boundary condition. Moreover, impact testing as a fast and economical means of finding the modes of vibration of a structure was used during the experiments. In addition, Pico Scope 6 device and MATLAB software were used to acquire data, analyze and plot Frequency Response Function (FRF). The experimental natural frequencies which were extracted from measurements exhibit good agreement with analytical predictions. It is showed that EMA method can be usefully employed to perform the dynamic behavior of RC slabs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20frequencies" title="natural frequencies">natural frequencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20shapes" title=" mode shapes"> mode shapes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20slabs" title=" RC slabs"> RC slabs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16946/experimental-modal-analysis-of-reinforced-concrete-square-slabs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14099</span> A Semantic Analysis of Modal Verbs in Barak Obama’s 2012 Presidential Campaign Speech</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kais%20A.%20Kadhim">Kais A. Kadhim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is a semantic analysis of the English modals in Obama’s speech. The main objective of this study is to analyze selected modal auxiliaries identified in selected speeches of Obama’s campaign based on Coates’ (1983) semantic clusters. A total of fifteen speeches of Obama’s campaign were selected as the primary data and the modal auxiliaries selected for analysis include will, would, can, could, should, must, ought, shall, may and might. All the modal auxiliaries taken from the speeches of Barack Obama were analyzed based on the framework of Coates’ semantic clusters. Such analytical framework was carried out to examine how modal auxiliaries are used in the context of persuading people in Obama’s campaign speeches. The findings reveal that modals of intention, prediction, futurity and modals of possibility, ability, permission are mostly used in Obama’s campaign speeches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modals" title="modals">modals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meaning" title=" meaning"> meaning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persuasion" title=" persuasion"> persuasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech" title=" speech"> speech</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13912/a-semantic-analysis-of-modal-verbs-in-barak-obamas-2012-presidential-campaign-speech" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14098</span> Impact of Proposed Modal Shift from Private Users to Bus Rapid Transit System: An Indian City Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakesh%20Kumar">Rakesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Electricwala"> Fatima Electricwala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the major thrusts of the Bus Rapid Transit System is to reduce the commuter’s dependency on private vehicles and increase the shares of public transport to make urban transportation system environmentally sustainable. In this study, commuter mode choice analysis is performed that examines behavioral responses to the proposed Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) in Surat, with estimation of the probable shift from private mode to public mode. Further, evaluation of the BRTS scenarios, using Surat’s transportation ecological footprint was done. A multi-modal simulation model was developed in Biogeme environment to explicitly consider private users behaviors and non-linear environmental impact. The data of the different factors (variables) and its impact that might cause modal shift of private mode users to proposed BRTS were collected through home-interview survey using revealed and stated preference approach. A multi modal logit model of mode-choice was then calibrated using the collected data and validated using proposed sample. From this study, a set of perception factors, with reliable and predictable data base, to explain the variation in modal shift behaviour and their impact on Surat’s ecological environment has been identified. A case study of the proposed BRTS connecting the Surat Industrial Hub to the coastal area is provided to illustrate the approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRTS" title="BRTS">BRTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20modes" title=" private modes"> private modes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20choice%20models" title=" mode choice models"> mode choice models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20footprint" title=" ecological footprint"> ecological footprint</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6459/impact-of-proposed-modal-shift-from-private-users-to-bus-rapid-transit-system-an-indian-city-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">519</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14097</span> Numerical Modal Analysis of a Multi-Material 3D-Printed Composite Bushing and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawe%C5%82%20%C5%BBur">Paweł Żur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alicja%20%C5%BBur"> Alicja Żur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Baier"> Andrzej Baier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modal analysis is a crucial tool in the field of engineering for understanding the dynamic behavior of structures. In this study, numerical modal analysis was conducted on a multi-material 3D-printed composite bushing, which comprised a polylactic acid (PLA) outer shell and a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) flexible filling. The objective was to investigate the modal characteristics of the bushing and assess its potential for practical applications. The analysis involved the development of a finite element model of the bushing, which was subsequently subjected to modal analysis techniques. Natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios were determined to identify the dominant vibration modes and their corresponding responses. The numerical modal analysis provided valuable insights into the dynamic behavior of the bushing, enabling a comprehensive understanding of its structural integrity and performance. Furthermore, the study expanded its scope by investigating the entire shaft mounting of a small electric car, incorporating the 3D-printed composite bushing. The shaft mounting system was subjected to numerical modal analysis to evaluate its dynamic characteristics and potential vibrational issues. The results of the modal analysis highlighted the effectiveness of the 3D-printed composite bushing in minimizing vibrations and optimizing the performance of the shaft mounting system. The findings contribute to the broader field of composite material applications in automotive engineering and provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of similar components. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20bushing" title=" composite bushing"> composite bushing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-material" title=" multi-material"> multi-material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168441/numerical-modal-analysis-of-a-multi-material-3d-printed-composite-bushing-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14096</span> Structural Damage Detection Using Sensors Optimally Located</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Alberto%20Riveros">Carlos Alberto Riveros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edwin%20Fabi%C3%A1n%20Garc%C3%ADa"> Edwin Fabián García</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javier%20Enrique%20Rivero"> Javier Enrique Rivero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The measured data obtained from sensors in continuous monitoring of civil structures are mainly used for modal identification and damage detection. Therefore when modal identification analysis is carried out the quality in the identification of the modes will highly influence the damage detection results. It is also widely recognized that the usefulness of the measured data used for modal identification and damage detection is significantly influenced by the number and locations of sensors. The objective of this study is the numerical implementation of two widely known optimum sensor placement methods in beam-like structures <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20sensor%20placement" title="optimum sensor placement">optimum sensor placement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20damage%20detection" title=" structural damage detection"> structural damage detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20identification" title=" modal identification"> modal identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam-like%20structures." title=" beam-like structures. "> beam-like structures. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15240/structural-damage-detection-using-sensors-optimally-located" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14095</span> An Integrated Mathematical Approach to Measure the Capacity of MMTS </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayan%20Bevrani">Bayan Bevrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20L.%20Burdett"> Robert L. Burdett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasad%20K.%20D.%20V.%20Yarlagadda"> Prasad K. D. V. Yarlagadda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article focuses upon multi-modal transportation systems (MMTS) and the issues surrounding the determination of system capacity. For that purpose a multi-objective framework is advocated that integrates all the different modes and many different competing capacity objectives. This framework is analytical in nature and facilitates a variety of capacity querying and capacity expansion planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20model" title="analytical model">analytical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20analysis" title=" capacity analysis"> capacity analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20query" title=" capacity query"> capacity query</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-modal%20transportation%20system%20%28MMTS%29" title=" multi-modal transportation system (MMTS)"> multi-modal transportation system (MMTS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40444/an-integrated-mathematical-approach-to-measure-the-capacity-of-mmts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14094</span> Fourier Galerkin Approach to Wave Equation with Absorbing Boundary Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandra%20Leukauf">Alexandra Leukauf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Schirrer"> Alexander Schirrer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emir%20Talic"> Emir Talic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerical computation of wave propagation in a large domain usually requires significant computational effort. Hence, the considered domain must be truncated to a smaller domain of interest. In addition, special boundary conditions, which absorb the outward travelling waves, need to be implemented in order to describe the system domains correctly. In this work, the linear one dimensional wave equation is approximated by utilizing the Fourier Galerkin approach. Furthermore, the artificial boundaries are realized with absorbing boundary conditions. Within this work, a systematic work flow for setting up the wave problem, including the absorbing boundary conditions, is proposed. As a result, a convenient modal system description with an effective absorbing boundary formulation is established. Moreover, the truncated model shows high accuracy compared to the global domain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorbing%20boundary%20conditions" title="absorbing boundary conditions">absorbing boundary conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20control" title=" boundary control"> boundary control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fourier%20Galerkin%20approach" title=" Fourier Galerkin approach"> Fourier Galerkin approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20approach" title=" modal approach"> modal approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20equation" title=" wave equation"> wave equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65648/fourier-galerkin-approach-to-wave-equation-with-absorbing-boundary-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14093</span> Multi-Modal Visualization of Working Instructions for Assembly Operations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josef%20Wolfartsberger">Josef Wolfartsberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Heiml"> Michael Heiml</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georg%20Schwarz"> Georg Schwarz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Egger"> Sabrina Egger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Growing individualization and higher numbers of variants in industrial assembly products raise the complexity of manufacturing processes. Technical assistance systems considering both procedural and human factors allow for an increase in product quality and a decrease in required learning times by supporting workers with precise working instructions. Due to varying needs of workers, the presentation of working instructions leads to several challenges. This paper presents an approach for a multi-modal visualization application to support assembly work of complex parts. Our approach is integrated within an interconnected assistance system network and supports the presentation of cloud-streamed textual instructions, images, videos, 3D animations and audio files along with multi-modal user interaction, customizable UI, multi-platform support (e.g. tablet-PC, TV screen, smartphone or Augmented Reality devices), automated text translation and speech synthesis. The worker benefits from more accessible and up-to-date instructions presented in an easy-to-read way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly" title="assembly">assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assistive%20technologies" title=" assistive technologies"> assistive technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality" title=" augmented reality"> augmented reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing" title=" manufacturing"> manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visualization" title=" visualization"> visualization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105132/multi-modal-visualization-of-working-instructions-for-assembly-operations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14092</span> Application of Modal Analysis for Commissioning of a Ball Screw System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20D.%20Tran">T. D. Tran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Schlegel"> H. Schlegel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Neugebauer"> R. Neugebauer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ball screws are an important component in machine tools. In mechatronic systems and machine tools, a ball screw has to work usually at a high speed. Otherwise the axial compliance of the ball screw, in combination with the inertia of the slide, the motor, the coupling and the screw, will cause an oscillation resonance, which limits the systems bandwidth and consequently influences performance of the motion controller. In this paper, the modal analysis method by measuring and analysing the vibrating parameters of the ball screw system to determine the dynamic characteristic of existing structures is used. On the one hand, the results of this study were obtained by the theoretical analysis and the modal testing of a ball screw system test station with the help of an impact hammer, respectively using excitation by motor. The experimental study showed oscillating forms of the ball screw for each frequency and obtained eigenfrequencies of the ball screw system. On the other hand, in this research a simulation with the help of the numerical modal analysis in order to analyse the oscillation and to find the eigenfrequencies of the ball screw system is used. Furthermore, the model order reduction by modal reduction and also according to Guyan is carried out. On the basis of these results a secure and also rapid commissioning of the control loops with regard to operating in their optimal function is targeted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title="modal analysis">modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20screw" title=" ball screw"> ball screw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controller%20system" title=" controller system"> controller system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20tools" title=" machine tools"> machine tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22744/application-of-modal-analysis-for-commissioning-of-a-ball-screw-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14091</span> Selection of Rayleigh Damping Coefficients for Seismic Response Analysis of Soil Layers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huai-Feng%20Wang">Huai-Feng Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng-Lin%20Lou"> Meng-Lin Lou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ru-Lin%20Zhang"> Ru-Lin Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One good analysis method in seismic response analysis is direct time integration, which widely adopts Rayleigh damping. An approach is presented for selection of Rayleigh damping coefficients to be used in seismic analyses to produce a response that is consistent with Modal damping response. In the presented approach, the expression of the error of peak response, acquired through complete quadratic combination method, and Rayleigh damping coefficients was set up and then the coefficients were produced by minimizing the error. Two finite element modes of soil layers, excited by 28 seismic waves, were used to demonstrate the feasibility and validity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayleigh%20damping" title="Rayleigh damping">Rayleigh damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20damping" title=" modal damping"> modal damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping%20coefficients" title=" damping coefficients"> damping coefficients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20response%20analysis" title=" seismic response analysis"> seismic response analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57421/selection-of-rayleigh-damping-coefficients-for-seismic-response-analysis-of-soil-layers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14090</span> A Three-modal Authentication Method for Industrial Robots</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luo%20Jiaoyang">Luo Jiaoyang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Hongyang"> Yu Hongyang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we explore a method that can be used in the working scene of intelligent industrial robots to confirm the identity information of operators to ensure that the robot executes instructions in a sufficiently safe environment. This approach uses three information modalities, namely visible light, depth, and sound. We explored a variety of fusion modes for the three modalities and finally used the joint feature learning method to improve the performance of the model in the case of noise compared with the single-modal case, making the maximum noise in the experiment. It can also maintain an accuracy rate of more than 90%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal" title="multimodal">multimodal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinect" title=" kinect"> kinect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20image" title=" distance image"> distance image</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163879/a-three-modal-authentication-method-for-industrial-robots" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14089</span> Excitation of Guided Waves in Finite Width Plates Using a Numerical Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenbo%20Duan">Wenbo Duan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Habibi"> Hossein Habibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vassilios%20Kappatos"> Vassilios Kappatos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cem%20Selcuk"> Cem Selcuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tat-Hean%20Gan"> Tat-Hean Gan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrasonic guided waves are often used to remove ice or fouling in different structures, such as ship hulls, wind turbine blades and so on. To achieve maximum sound power output, it is important that multiple transducers are arranged in a particular way so that a desired mode can be excited. The objective of this paper is thus to provide a theoretical basis for generating a particular mode in a finite width rectangular plate which can be used for removing potential ice or fouling on the plate. The number of transducers and their locations with respect to a particular mode will be investigated, and the link between dispersion curves and practical applications will be explored. To achieve this, a semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) method is used to study the dispersion characteristics of all the modes in the ultrasonic frequency range. The detailed modal shapes will be revealed, and from the modal analysis, the particular mode with the strongest yet continuous transverse and axial displacements on the surfaces of the plate will be chosen for the purpose of removing potential ice or fouling on the plate. The modal analysis is followed by providing information on the number, location and amplitude of transducers needed to excite this particular mode. Modal excitation is then implemented in a standard finite element commercial package, namely COMSOL Multiphysics. Wave motion is visualized in COMSOL, and the mode shapes generated in SAFE is found to be consistent with the mode shapes generated in COMSOL. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20analysis" title="dispersion analysis">dispersion analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20width%20plate" title=" finite width plate"> finite width plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guided%20wave" title=" guided wave"> guided wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20excitation" title=" modal excitation"> modal excitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40120/excitation-of-guided-waves-in-finite-width-plates-using-a-numerical-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14088</span> Multi-Modal Feature Fusion Network for Speaker Recognition Task</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiang%20Shijie">Xiang Shijie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhou%20Dong"> Zhou Dong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tian%20Dan"> Tian Dan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Speaker recognition is a crucial task in the field of speech processing, aimed at identifying individuals based on their vocal characteristics. However, existing speaker recognition methods face numerous challenges. Traditional methods primarily rely on audio signals, which often suffer from limitations in noisy environments, variations in speaking style, and insufficient sample sizes. Additionally, relying solely on audio features can sometimes fail to capture the unique identity of the speaker comprehensively, impacting recognition accuracy. To address these issues, we propose a multi-modal network architecture that simultaneously processes both audio and text signals. By gradually integrating audio and text features, we leverage the strengths of both modalities to enhance the robustness and accuracy of speaker recognition. Our experiments demonstrate significant improvements with this multi-modal approach, particularly in complex environments, where recognition performance has been notably enhanced. Our research not only highlights the limitations of current speaker recognition methods but also showcases the effectiveness of multi-modal fusion techniques in overcoming these limitations, providing valuable insights for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20fusion" title="feature fusion">feature fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory%20network" title=" memory network"> memory network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20input" title=" multimodal input"> multimodal input</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speaker%20recognition" title=" speaker recognition"> speaker recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191527/multi-modal-feature-fusion-network-for-speaker-recognition-task" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14087</span> Experimental Modal Analysis of Kursuncular Minaret</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunus%20Dere">Yunus Dere</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Minarets are tower like structures where the call to prayer of Muslims is performed. They have a symbolic meaning and sacred place among Muslims. Being tall and slender, they are prone to damage under earthquakes and strong winds. Kursuncular stone minaret was built around thirty years ago in Konya/TURKEY. Its core and helical stairs are made of reinforced concrete. Its stone spire was damaged during a light earthquake. Its spire is later replaced with a light material covered with lead sheets. In this study, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of Kursuncular minaret is obtained experimentally and analytically. First an ambient vibration test is carried out using a data acquisition system with accelerometers located at four locations along the height of the minaret. The collected vibration data is evaluated by operational modal analysis techniques. For the analytical part of the study, the dimensions of the minaret are accurately measured and a detailed 3D solid finite element model of the minaret is generated. The moduli of elasticity of the stone and concrete are approximated using the compressive strengths obtained by Windsor Pin tests. Finite element modal analysis of the minaret is carried out to get the modal parameters. Experimental and analytical results are then compared and found in good agreement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20modal%20analysis" title="experimental modal analysis">experimental modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stone%20minaret" title=" stone minaret"> stone minaret</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20modal%20analysis" title=" finite element modal analysis"> finite element modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minarets" title=" minarets"> minarets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30455/experimental-modal-analysis-of-kursuncular-minaret" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14086</span> Model Updating-Based Approach for Damage Prognosis in Frames via Modal Residual Force</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gholamreza%20Ghodrati%20Amiri">Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Jafarian%20Abyaneh"> Mojtaba Jafarian Abyaneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Zare%20Hosseinzadeh"> Ali Zare Hosseinzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an effective model updating strategy for damage localization and quantification in frames by defining damage detection problem as an optimization issue. A generalized version of the Modal Residual Force (MRF) is employed for presenting a new damage-sensitive cost function. Then, Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is utilized for solving suggested inverse problem and the global extremums are reported as damage detection results. The applicability of the presented method is investigated by studying different damage patterns on the benchmark problem of the IASC-ASCE, as well as a planar shear frame structure. The obtained results emphasize good performance of the method not only in free-noise cases, but also when the input data are contaminated with different levels of noises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frame" title="frame">frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grey%20wolf%20optimization%20algorithm" title=" grey wolf optimization algorithm"> grey wolf optimization algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20residual%20force" title=" modal residual force"> modal residual force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20damage%20detection" title=" structural damage detection"> structural damage detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47524/model-updating-based-approach-for-damage-prognosis-in-frames-via-modal-residual-force" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14085</span> Cancellation of Transducer Effects from Frequency Response Functions: Experimental Case Study on the Steel Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Zamani">P. Zamani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Taleshi%20Anbouhi"> A. Taleshi Anbouhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Ashory"> M. R. Ashory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mohajerzadeh"> S. Mohajerzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Khatibi"> M. M. Khatibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modal analysis is a developing science in the experimental evaluation of dynamic properties of the structures. Mechanical devices such as accelerometers are one of the sources of lack of quality in measuring modal testing parameters. In this paper, eliminating the accelerometer’s mass effect of the frequency response of the structure is studied. So, a strategy is used for eliminating the mass effect by using sensitivity analysis. In this method, the amount of mass change and the place to measure the structure’s response with least error in frequency correction is chosen. Experimental modal testing is carried out on a steel plate and the effect of accelerometer’s mass is omitted using this strategy. Finally, a good agreement is achieved between numerical and experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerometer%20mass" title="accelerometer mass">accelerometer mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20response%20function" title=" frequency response function"> frequency response function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20analysis" title=" sensitivity analysis"> sensitivity analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29375/cancellation-of-transducer-effects-from-frequency-response-functions-experimental-case-study-on-the-steel-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14084</span> Modal FDTD Method for Wave Propagation Modeling Customized for Parallel Computing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Samadiyeh">H. Samadiyeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Khajavi"> R. Khajavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new FD-based procedure, modal finite difference method (MFDM), is proposed for seismic wave propagation modeling, in which simulation is dealt with in the modal space. The method employs eigenvalues of a characteristic matrix formed by appropriate time-space FD stencils. Since MFD runs for different modes are totally independent of each other, MFDM can easily be parallelized while considerable simplicity in parallel-algorithm is also achieved. There is no requirement to any domain-decomposition procedure and inter-core data exchange. More important is the possibility to skip processing of less-significant modes, which enables one to adjust the procedure up to the level of accuracy needed. Thus, in addition to considerable ease of parallel programming, computation and storage costs are significantly reduced. The method is qualified for its efficiency by some numerical examples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finite%20Difference%20Method" title="Finite Difference Method">Finite Difference Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graphics%20Processing%20Unit%20%28GPU%29" title=" Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)"> Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Message%20Passing%20Interface%20%28MPI%29" title=" Message Passing Interface (MPI)"> Message Passing Interface (MPI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modal" title=" Modal"> Modal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wave%20propagation" title=" Wave propagation"> Wave propagation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46212/modal-fdtd-method-for-wave-propagation-modeling-customized-for-parallel-computing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14083</span> Theoretical Modal Analysis of Freely and Simply Supported RC Slabs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Ahmed">M. S. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20A.%20Mohammad"> F. A. Mohammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper focuses on the dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs. Therefore, the theoretical modal analysis was performed using two different types of boundary conditions. Modal analysis method is the most important dynamic analyses. The analysis would be modal case when there is no external force on the structure. By using this method in this paper, the effects of freely and simply supported boundary conditions on the frequencies and mode shapes of RC square slabs are studied. ANSYS software was employed to derive the finite element model to determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the slabs. Then, the obtained results through numerical analysis (finite element analysis) would be compared with an exact solution. The main goal of the research study is to predict how the boundary conditions change the behavior of the slab structures prior to performing experimental modal analysis. Based on the results, it is concluded that simply support boundary condition has obvious influence to increase the natural frequencies and change the shape of mode when it is compared with freely supported boundary condition of slabs. This means that such support conditions have direct influence on the dynamic behavior of the slabs. Thus, it is suggested to use free-free boundary condition in experimental modal analysis to precisely reflect the properties of the structure. By using free-free boundary conditions, the influence of poorly defined supports is interrupted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20frequencies" title="natural frequencies">natural frequencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20shapes" title=" mode shapes"> mode shapes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANSYS%20software" title=" ANSYS software"> ANSYS software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20slabs" title=" RC slabs"> RC slabs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17461/theoretical-modal-analysis-of-freely-and-simply-supported-rc-slabs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14082</span> Model Updating Based on Modal Parameters Using Hybrid Pattern Search Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Guo">N. Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Xu"> C. Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20C.%20Yang"> Z. C. Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to ensure the high reliability of an aircraft, the accurate structural dynamics analysis has become an indispensable part in the design of an aircraft structure. Therefore, the structural finite element model which can be used to accurately calculate the structural dynamics and their transfer relations is the prerequisite in structural dynamic design. A dynamic finite element model updating method is presented to correct the uncertain parameters of the finite element model of a structure using measured modal parameters. The coordinate modal assurance criterion is used to evaluate the correlation level at each coordinate over the experimental and the analytical mode shapes. Then, the weighted summation of the natural frequency residual and the coordinate modal assurance criterion residual is used as the objective function. Moreover, the hybrid pattern search (HPS) optimization technique, which synthesizes the advantages of pattern search (PS) optimization technique and genetic algorithm (GA), is introduced to solve the dynamic FE model updating problem. A numerical simulation and a model updating experiment for GARTEUR aircraft model are performed to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the present dynamic model updating method, respectively. The updated results show that the proposed method can be successfully used to modify the incorrect parameters with good robustness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20updating" title="model updating">model updating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20parameter" title=" modal parameter"> modal parameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordinate%20modal%20assurance%20criterion" title=" coordinate modal assurance criterion"> coordinate modal assurance criterion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20genetic%2Fpattern%20search" title=" hybrid genetic/pattern search"> hybrid genetic/pattern search</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98650/model-updating-based-on-modal-parameters-using-hybrid-pattern-search-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14081</span> Modal Analysis of Power System with a Microgrid </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burak%20Yildirim">Burak Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhsin%20Tunay%20Gen%C3%A7o%C4%9Flu"> Muhsin Tunay Gençoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A microgrid (MG) is a small power grid composed of localized medium or low level power generation, storage systems, and loads. In this paper, the effects of a MG on power systems voltage stability are shown. The MG model, designed to demonstrate the effects of the MG, was applied to the IEEE 14 bus power system which is widely used in power system stability studies. Eigenvalue and modal analysis methods were used in simulation studies. In the study results, it is seen that MGs affect system voltage stability positively by increasing system voltage instability limit value for buses of a power system in which MG are placed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvalue%20analysis" title="eigenvalue analysis">eigenvalue analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgrid" title=" microgrid"> microgrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20stability" title=" voltage stability"> voltage stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76026/modal-analysis-of-power-system-with-a-microgrid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14080</span> Damage Identification Using Experimental Modal Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niladri%20Sekhar%20Barma">Niladri Sekhar Barma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satish%20Dhandole"> Satish Dhandole</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Damage identification in the context of safety, nowadays, has become a fundamental research interest area in the field of mechanical, civil, and aerospace engineering structures. The following research is aimed to identify damage in a mechanical beam structure and quantify the severity or extent of damage in terms of loss of stiffness, and obtain an updated analytical Finite Element (FE) model. An FE model is used for analysis, and the location of damage for single and multiple damage cases is identified numerically using the modal strain energy method and mode shape curvature method. Experimental data has been acquired with the help of an accelerometer. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm is applied to the measured signal, and subsequently, post-processing is done in MEscopeVes software. The two sets of data, the numerical FE model and experimental results, are compared to locate the damage accurately. The extent of the damage is identified via modal frequencies using a mixed numerical-experimental technique. Mode shape comparison is performed by Modal Assurance Criteria (MAC). The analytical FE model is adjusted by the direct method of model updating. The same study has been extended to some real-life structures such as plate and GARTEUR structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20identification" title="damage identification">damage identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20quantification" title=" damage quantification"> damage quantification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20detection%20using%20modal%20analysis" title=" damage detection using modal analysis"> damage detection using modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20damage%20identification" title=" structural damage identification"> structural damage identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150078/damage-identification-using-experimental-modal-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14079</span> The Use of Corpora in Improving Modal Verb Treatment in English as Foreign Language Textbooks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lexi%20Li">Lexi Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanessa%20H.%20K.%20Pang"> Vanessa H. K. Pang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to demonstrate how native and learner corpora can be used to enhance modal verb treatment in EFL textbooks in mainland China. It contributes to a corpus-informed and learner-centered design of grammar presentation in EFL textbooks that enhances the authenticity and appropriateness of textbook language for target learners. The linguistic focus is will, would, can, could, may, might, shall, should, must. The native corpus is the spoken component of BNC2014 (hereafter BNCS2014). The spoken part is chosen because pedagogical purpose of the textbooks is communication-oriented. Using the standard query option of CQPweb, 5% of each of the nine modals was sampled from BNCS2014. The learner corpus is the POS-tagged Ten-thousand English Compositions of Chinese Learners (TECCL). All the essays under the 'secondary school' section were selected. A series of five secondary coursebooks comprise the textbook corpus. All the data in both the learner and the textbook corpora are retrieved through the concordance functions of WordSmith Tools (version, 5.0). Data analysis was divided into two parts. The first part compared the patterns of modal verbs in the textbook corpus and BNC2014 with respect to distributional features, semantic functions, and co-occurring constructions to examine whether the textbooks reflect the authentic use of English. Secondly, the learner corpus was analyzed in terms of the use (distributional features, semantic functions, and co-occurring constructions) and the misuse (syntactic errors, e.g., she can sings*.) of the nine modal verbs to uncover potential difficulties that confront learners. The analysis of distribution indicates several discrepancies between the textbook corpus and BNCS2014. The first four most frequent modal verbs in BNCS2014 are can, would, will, could, while can, will, should, could are the top four in the textbooks. Most strikingly, there is an unusually high proportion of can (41.1%) in the textbooks. The results on different meanings shows that will, would and must are the most problematic. For example, for will, the textbooks contain 20% more occurrences of 'volition' and 20% less of 'prediction' than those in BNCS2014. Regarding co-occurring structures, the textbooks over-represented the structure 'modal +do' across the nine modal verbs. Another major finding is that the structure of 'modal +have done' that frequently co-occur with could, would, should, and must is underused in textbooks. Besides, these four modal verbs are the most difficult for learners, as the error analysis shows. This study demonstrates how the synergy of native and learner corpora can be harnessed to improve EFL textbook presentation of modal verbs in a way that textbooks can provide not only authentic language used in natural discourse but also appropriate design tailed for the needs of target learners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20as%20Foreign%20Language" title="English as Foreign Language">English as Foreign Language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL%20textbooks" title=" EFL textbooks"> EFL textbooks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learner%20corpus" title=" learner corpus"> learner corpus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20verbs" title=" modal verbs"> modal verbs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=native%20corpus" title=" native corpus"> native corpus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109495/the-use-of-corpora-in-improving-modal-verb-treatment-in-english-as-foreign-language-textbooks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14078</span> Modal Analysis of Small Frames using High Order Timoshenko Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chadi%20Azoury">Chadi Azoury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assad%20Kallassy"> Assad Kallassy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20Rahme"> Pierre Rahme</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the modal analysis of small frames. Firstly, we construct the 3D model using H8 elements and find the natural frequencies of the frame focusing our attention on the modes in the XY plane. Secondly, we construct the 2D model (plane stress model) using Q4 elements. We concluded that the results of both models are very close to each other’s. Then we formulate the stiffness matrix and the mass matrix of the 3-noded Timoshenko beam that is well suited for thick and short beams like in our case. Finally, we model the corners where the horizontal and vertical bar meet with a special matrix. The results of our new model (3-noded Timoshenko beam for the horizontal and vertical bars and a special element for the corners based on the Q4 elements) are very satisfying when performing the modal analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corner%20element" title="corner element">corner element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-order%20Timoshenko%20beam" title=" high-order Timoshenko beam"> high-order Timoshenko beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guyan%20reduction" title=" Guyan reduction"> Guyan reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis%20of%20frames" title=" modal analysis of frames"> modal analysis of frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rigid%20link" title="rigid link">rigid link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20locking" title=" shear locking"> shear locking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20short%20beams" title=" and short beams"> and short beams</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24752/modal-analysis-of-small-frames-using-high-order-timoshenko-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14077</span> 3D Printed Multi-Modal Phantom Using Computed Tomography and 3D X-Ray Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Suk%20Oh">Sung-Suk Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bong-Keun%20Kang"> Bong-Keun Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Wook%20Park"> Sang-Wook Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui-Jin%20Joo"> Hui-Jin Joo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Ryul%20Choi"> Jong-Ryul Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong-Jun%20Lee"> Seong-Jun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-Woo%20Sohn"> Jeong-Woo Sohn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The imaging phantom is utilized for the verification, evaluation and tuning of the medical imaging device and system. Although it could be costly, 3D printing is an ideal technique for a rapid, customized, multi-modal phantom making. In this article, we propose the multi-modal phantom using 3D printing. First of all, the Dicom images for were measured by CT (Computed Tomography) and 3D X-ray systems (PET/CT and Angio X-ray system of Siemens) and then were analyzed. Finally, the 3D modeling was processed using Dicom images. The 3D printed phantom was scanned by PET/CT and MRI systems and then evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging%20phantom" title="imaging phantom">imaging phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI%20%28Magnetic%20Resonance%20Imaging%29" title=" MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)"> MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET%20%2F%20CT%20%28Positron%20Emission%20Tomography%20%2F%20Computed%20Tomography%29" title=" PET / CT (Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography)"> PET / CT (Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing "> 3D printing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62972/3d-printed-multi-modal-phantom-using-computed-tomography-and-3d-x-ray-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">580</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20approach&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20approach&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20approach&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20approach&page=5">5</a></li> <li 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