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zirconate</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: calcium zirconate"> <meta name="keywords" content="calcium zirconate"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="calcium zirconate"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 736</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: calcium zirconate</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">736</span> Synthesis, Characterization and Gas Sensing Applications of Perovskite CaZrO3 Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20M.%20Patil">B. M. Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calcium Zirconate (CaZrO3) has high protonic conductivities at elevated temperature in water or hydrogen atmosphere. Undoped calcium zirconate acts as a p-type semiconductor in air. In this paper, we reported synthesis of CaZrO3 nanoparticles via modified molecular precursor method. The precursor calcium zirconium oxalate (CZO) was synthesized by exchange reaction between freshly generated aqueous solution of sodium zirconyl oxalate and calcium acetate at room temperature. The controlled pyrolysis of CZO in air at 700°C for one hour resulted in the formation nanocrystalline CaZrO3 powder. CaZrO3 obtained by the present method was characterized by Simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry (TG-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infra-red spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The pellets of synthesized CaZrO3 fabricated, sintered at 1000°C for 5 hr and tested as sensors for NO2 and NH3 gases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CaZrO3" title="CaZrO3">CaZrO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CZO" title=" CZO"> CZO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NO2" title=" NO2"> NO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NH3" title=" NH3"> NH3</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79303/synthesis-characterization-and-gas-sensing-applications-of-perovskite-cazro3-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">735</span> Hot Corrosion Behavior of Calcium Zirconate Modified YSZ Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Ejaz">Naveed Ejaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liaqat%20Ali"> Liaqat Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amer%20Nusair"> Amer Nusair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) serve as thermal barriers against the high temperature of the hot regions of the aircraft turbine engines keeping the surface of the turbine blades, vanes and combustion chamber at comparatively lower temperature. The life of these coatings depends on many in-service environmental factors. Among these factors, the behavior of the bond coat as well as the top coat at high temperature aggravated by the corrosive environments having S, V, Na and Cl plays a key role. The incorporation of the 5-15% CaZrO3 in YSZ coatings was studied after hot corrosion in vanadium oxide environment. It was observed that the reactivity of the V gradually switched from Y to Ca making CaV2O4 instead of YVO4; the percentage of CaV2O4 increased with the increase of CaZrO3 in YSZ. It eventually prevented leaching out of the Y from YSZ leaving the YSZ without any harmful phase change. The thermal insulation was found to be improved in case of CaZrO3 incorporated YSZ coatings as compared to only YSZ coating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20corrosion" title="hot corrosion">hot corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20barrier%20coatings" title=" thermal barrier coatings"> thermal barrier coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yttria%20stabilized%20zirconia" title=" yttria stabilized zirconia"> yttria stabilized zirconia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20zirconate" title=" calcium zirconate"> calcium zirconate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35456/hot-corrosion-behavior-of-calcium-zirconate-modified-ysz-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">734</span> Comparison of the Hydration Products of Commercial and Experimental Calcium Silicate Cement: The Preliminary Observational Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Woo%20Chang">Seok Woo Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: The objective of this study was to compare and evaluate the hydration products of commercial and experimental calcium silicate cement. Materials and Methods: The commercial calcium silicate cement (ProRoot MTA, Dentsply) and experimental calcium silicate cement (n=10) were mixed with distilled water (water/powder ratio = 20 w/w) and stirred at room temperature for 10 hours. These mixtures were dispersed on wafer and dried for 12 hours at room temperature. Thereafter, the dried specimens were examined with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Electron Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) was also carried out. Results: The commercial calcium silicate cement (ProRoot MTA) and experimental calcium silicate cement both showed precipitation of rod-like and globule-like crystals. Based on EDS analysis, these precipitates were supposed to be calcium hydroxide or calcium silicate hydrates. The degree of formation of these precipitates was higher in commercial MTA. Conclusions: Based on the results, both commercial and experimental calcium silicate cement had ability to produce calcium hydroxide or calcium silicate hydrate precipitates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20silicate%20cement" title="calcium silicate cement">calcium silicate cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ProRoot%20MTA" title=" ProRoot MTA"> ProRoot MTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20hydroxide" title=" calcium hydroxide"> calcium hydroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20silicate%20hydrate" title=" calcium silicate hydrate"> calcium silicate hydrate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8741/comparison-of-the-hydration-products-of-commercial-and-experimental-calcium-silicate-cement-the-preliminary-observational-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">733</span> Can Bone Resorption Reduce with Nanocalcium Particles in Astronauts?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Teja%20Mandapaka">Ravi Teja Mandapaka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanna%20Kumar%20Kukkamalla"> Prasanna Kumar Kukkamalla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Poor absorption of calcium, elevated levels in serum and loss of bone are major problems of astronauts during space travel. Supplementation of calcium could not reveal this problem. In normal condition only 33% of calcium is absorbed from dietary sources. In this paper effect of space environment on calcium metabolism was discussed. Many surprising study findings were found during literature survey. Clinical trials on ovariectomized mice showed that reduction of calcium particles to nano level make them more absorbable and bioavailable. Control of bone loss in astronauts in critical important In Fortification of milk with nana calcium particles showed reduces urinary pyridinoline, deoxypyridinoline levels. Dietary calcium and supplementation do not show much retention of calcium in zero gravity environment where absorption is limited. So, the fortification of foods with nano calcium particles seemed beneficial for astronauts during and after space travel in their speedy recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20calcium" title="nano calcium">nano calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=astronauts" title=" astronauts"> astronauts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fortification" title=" fortification"> fortification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supplementation" title=" supplementation"> supplementation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30899/can-bone-resorption-reduce-with-nanocalcium-particles-in-astronauts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">494</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">732</span> Numerical Model to Study Calcium and Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Dynamics in a Myocyte Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nisha%20Singh">Nisha Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neeru%20Adlakha"> Neeru Adlakha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calcium signalling is one of the most important intracellular signalling mechanisms. A lot of approaches and investigators have been made in the study of calcium signalling in various cells to understand its mechanisms over recent decades. However, most of existing investigators have mainly focussed on the study of calcium signalling in various cells without paying attention to the dependence of calcium signalling on other chemical ions like inositol-1; 4; 5 triphosphate ions, etc. Some models for the independent study of calcium signalling and inositol-1; 4; 5 triphosphate signalling in various cells are present but very little attention has been paid by the researchers to study the interdependence of these two signalling processes in a cell. In this paper, we propose a coupled mathematical model to understand the interdependence of inositol-1; 4; 5 triphosphate dynamics and calcium dynamics in a myocyte cell. Such studies will provide the deeper understanding of various factors involved in calcium signalling in myocytes, which may be of great use to biomedical scientists for various medical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20signalling" title="calcium signalling">calcium signalling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling" title=" coupling"> coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20method" title=" finite difference method"> finite difference method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inositol%201" title=" inositol 1"> inositol 1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4" title=" 4"> 4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5-triphosphate" title=" 5-triphosphate"> 5-triphosphate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68214/numerical-model-to-study-calcium-and-inositol-145-trisphosphate-dynamics-in-a-myocyte-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">731</span> Combinatory Nutrition Supplementation: A Case of Synergy for Increasing Calcium Bioavailability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20C.%20S.%20Lim">Daniel C. S. Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Y.%20M.%20Yeo"> Eric Y. M. Yeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Y.%20Tan"> W. Y. Tan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an overview of how calcium interacts with the various essential nutrients within an environment of cellular and hormonal interactions for the purpose of increasing bioavailability to the human body. One example of such interactions can be illustrated with calcium homeostasis. This paper gives an in-depth discussion on the possible interactive permutations with various nutrients and factors leading to the promotion of calcium bioavailability to the body. The review hopes to provide further insights into how calcium supplement formulations can be improved to better influence its bioavailability in the human body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability" title="bioavailability">bioavailability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment%20of%20cellular%20and%20hormonal%20interactions" title=" environment of cellular and hormonal interactions"> environment of cellular and hormonal interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20combinations" title=" nutritional combinations"> nutritional combinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergistic" title=" synergistic"> synergistic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61759/combinatory-nutrition-supplementation-a-case-of-synergy-for-increasing-calcium-bioavailability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">730</span> Domain Switching Characteristics of Lead Zirconate Titanate Piezoelectric Ceramic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitsuhiro%20Okayasu">Mitsuhiro Okayasu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To better understand the lattice characteristics of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics, the lattice orientations and domain-switching characteristics have been directly examined during loading and unloading using various experimental techniques. Upon loading, the PZT ceramics are fractured linear and nonlinearly during the compressive loading process. The strain characteristics of the PZT ceramic were directly affected by both the lattice and domain switching strain. Due to the piezoelectric ceramic, electrical activity of lightning-like behavior occurs in the PZT ceramics, which attributed to the severe domain-switching leading to weak piezoelectric property. The characteristics of domain-switching and reverse switching are detected during the loading and unloading processes. The amount of domain-switching depends on the grain, due to different stress levels. In addition, two patterns of 90˚ domain-switching systems are characterized, namely (i) 90˚ turn about the tetragonal c-axis and (ii) 90˚ rotation of the tetragonal a-axis. In this case, PZT ceramic was loaded by the thermal stress at 80°C. Extent of domain switching is related to the direction of c-axis of the tetragonal structure, e.g., that axis, orientated close to the loading direction, makes severe domain switching. It is considered that there is 90˚ domain switching, but in actual, the angle of domain switching is less than 90˚, e.g., 85.4° ~ 90.0°. In situ TEM observation of the domain switching characteristics of PZT ceramic has been conducted with increasing the sample temperature from 25°C to 300°C, and the domain switching like behavior is directly observed from the lattice image, where the severe domain switching occurs less than 100°C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PZT" title="PZT">PZT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20zirconate%20titanate" title=" lead zirconate titanate"> lead zirconate titanate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric%20ceramic" title=" piezoelectric ceramic"> piezoelectric ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domain%20switching" title=" domain switching"> domain switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20property" title=" material property"> material property</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89317/domain-switching-characteristics-of-lead-zirconate-titanate-piezoelectric-ceramic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">729</span> Sulfate Attack on Pastes Made with Different C3A and C4AF Contents and Stored at 5°C</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konstantinos%20Sotiriadis">Konstantinos Sotiriadis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rados%C5%82aw%20Mr%C3%B3z"> Radosław Mróz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work the internal sulfate attack on pastes made from pure clinker phases was studied. Two binders were produced: (a) a binder with 2% C3A and 18% C4AF content; (b) a binder with 10% C3A and C4AF content each. Gypsum was used as the sulfate bearing compound, while calcium carbonate added to differentiate the binders produced. The phases formed were identified by XRD analysis. The results showed that ettringite was the deterioration phase detected in the case of the low C3A content binder. Carbonation occurred in the specimen without calcium carbonate addition, while portlandite was observed in the one containing calcium carbonate. In the case of the high C3A content binder, traces of thaumasite were detected when calcium carbonate was not incorporated in the binder. A solid solution of thaumasite and ettringite was found when calcium carbonate was added. The amount of C3A had not fully reacted with sulfates, since its corresponding peaks were detected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tricalcium%20aluminate" title="tricalcium aluminate">tricalcium aluminate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20aluminate%20ferrite" title=" calcium aluminate ferrite"> calcium aluminate ferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulfate%20attack" title=" sulfate attack"> sulfate attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20carbonate" title=" calcium carbonate"> calcium carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20temperature" title=" low temperature"> low temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12814/sulfate-attack-on-pastes-made-with-different-c3a-and-c4af-contents-and-stored-at-5c" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">728</span> Stochastic Modeling of Secretion Dynamics in Inner Hair Cells of the Auditory Pathway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20A.%20Soto-Bear">Jessica A. Soto-Bear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginia%20Gonz%C3%A1lez-V%C3%A9lez"> Virginia González-Vélez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norma%20Casta%C3%B1eda-Villa"> Norma Castañeda-Villa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amparo%20Gil"> Amparo Gil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Glutamate release of the cochlear inner hair cell (IHC) ribbon synapse is a fundamental step in transferring sound information in the auditory pathway. Otoferlin is the calcium sensor in the IHC and its activity has been related to many auditory disorders. In order to simulate secretion dynamics occurring in the IHC in a few milliseconds timescale and with high spatial resolution, we proposed an active-zone model solved with Monte Carlo algorithms. We included models for calcium buffered diffusion, calcium-binding schemes for vesicle fusion, and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Our results indicate that calcium influx and calcium binding is managing IHC secretion as a function of voltage depolarization, which in turn mean that IHC response depends on sound intensity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inner%20hair%20cells" title="inner hair cells">inner hair cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20algorithm" title=" Monte Carlo algorithm"> Monte Carlo algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Otoferlin" title=" Otoferlin"> Otoferlin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secretion" title=" secretion"> secretion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96568/stochastic-modeling-of-secretion-dynamics-in-inner-hair-cells-of-the-auditory-pathway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">727</span> Health of Riveted Joints with Active and Passive Structural Health Monitoring Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javad%20Yarmahmoudi">Javad Yarmahmoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Mirzaee"> Alireza Mirzaee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many active and passive structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques have been developed for detection of the defects of plates. Generally, riveted joints hold the plates together and their failure may create accidents. In this study, well known active and passive methods were modified for the evaluation of the health of the riveted joints between the plates. The active method generated Lamb waves and monitored their propagation by using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) disks. The signal was analyzed by using the wavelet transformations. The passive method used the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors and evaluated the spectral characteristics of the signals by using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). The results indicated that the existing methods designed for the evaluation of the health of individual plates may be used for inspection of riveted joints with software modifications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20health%20monitoring" title="structural health monitoring">structural health monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SHM" title=" SHM"> SHM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20SHM" title=" active SHM"> active SHM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20SHM" title=" passive SHM"> passive SHM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20bragg%20grating%20sensor" title=" fiber bragg grating sensor"> fiber bragg grating sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20zirconate%20titanate" title=" lead zirconate titanate"> lead zirconate titanate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PZT" title=" PZT"> PZT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33235/health-of-riveted-joints-with-active-and-passive-structural-health-monitoring-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">726</span> Two Dimensional Finite Element Model to Study Calcium Dynamics in Fibroblast Cell with Excess Buffer Approximation Involving ER Flux and SERCA Pump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansha%20Kotwani">Mansha Kotwani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The specific spatio-temporal calcium concentration patterns are required by the fibroblasts to maintain its structure and functions. Thus, calcium concentration is regulated in cell at different levels in various activities of the cell. The variations in cytosolic calcium concentration largely depend on the buffers present in cytosol and influx of calcium into cytosol from ER through IP3Rs or Raynodine receptors followed by reuptake of calcium into ER through sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum ATPs (SERCA) pump. In order to understand the mechanisms of wound repair, tissue remodeling and growth performed by fibroblasts, it is of crucial importance to understand the mechanisms of calcium concentration regulation in fibroblasts. In this paper, a model has been developed to study calcium distribution in NRK fibroblast in the presence of buffers and ER flux with SERCA pump. The model has been developed for two dimensional unsteady state case. Appropriate initial and boundary conditions have been framed along with physiology of the cell. Finite element technique has been employed to obtain the solution. The numerical results have been used to study the effect of buffers, ER flux and source amplitude on calcium distribution in fibroblast cell. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffers" title="buffers">buffers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IP3R" title=" IP3R"> IP3R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ER%20flux" title=" ER flux"> ER flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERCA%20pump" title=" SERCA pump"> SERCA pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20amplitude" title=" source amplitude"> source amplitude</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19236/two-dimensional-finite-element-model-to-study-calcium-dynamics-in-fibroblast-cell-with-excess-buffer-approximation-involving-er-flux-and-serca-pump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">725</span> Modification of Toothpaste Formula Using Pineapple Cobs and Eggshell Waste as a Way to Decrease Dental Caries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achmad%20Buhori">Achmad Buhori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Imam%20Pratama"> Reza Imam Pratama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tissa%20Wiraatmaja"> Tissa Wiraatmaja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanti%20Megawati"> Wanti Megawati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data from many countries indicates that there is a marked increase of dental caries. The increases in caries appear to occur in lower socioeconomic groups. It is possible that the benefits of prevention of dental caries are not reaching these groups. However, there is a way to decrease dental caries by adding 5% of bromelain and calcium as an active agent in toothpaste. Bromelain can break glutamine-alanine bond and arginine-alanine bond which is a constituent of amino acid that causes dental plague which is one of the factors of dental caries. Calcium help rebuilds the teeth by strengthening and repairing enamel. Bromelain can be found from the extraction of pineapple (Ananas comosus) cobs (88.86-94.22 % of bromelain recovery during extraction based on the enzyme unit) and calcium can be taken from eggshell (95% of dry eggshell consist of calcium). The aim of this experiment is to make a toothpaste which contains bromelain and calcium as an effective, cheap, and healthy way to decrease dental caries around the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bromelain" title="bromelain">bromelain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20caries" title=" dental caries"> dental caries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20plague" title=" dental plague"> dental plague</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toothpaste" title=" toothpaste"> toothpaste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54683/modification-of-toothpaste-formula-using-pineapple-cobs-and-eggshell-waste-as-a-way-to-decrease-dental-caries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">724</span> Evaluation of Re-mineralization Ability of Nanohydroxyapatite and Coral Calcium with Different Concentrations on Initial Enamel Carious Lesions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Abdelnabi">Ali Abdelnabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nermeen%20Hamza"> Nermeen Hamza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coral calcium is a boasting natural product and dietary supplement which is considered a source of alkaline calcium carbonate, this study is a comparative study, comparing the remineralization effect of the new product of coral calcium with that of nano-hydroxyapatite. Methodology: a total of 35 extracted molars were collected, examined and sectioned to obtain 70 sound enamel discs, all discs were numbered and examined by scanning electron microscope coupled with Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays(EDAX) for mineral content, subjected to artificial caries, and mineral content was re-measured, discs were divided into seven groups according to the remineralizing agent used, where groups 1 to 3 used 10%, 20%, 30% nanohydroxyapatite gel respectively, groups 4 to 6 used 10%, 20%, 30% coral calcium gel and group 7 with no remineralizing agent (control group). All groups were re-examined by EDAX after remineralization; data were calculated and tabulated. Results: All groups showed a statistically significant drop in calcium level after artificial caries; all groups showed a statistically significant rise in calcium content after remineralization except for the control group; groups 1 and 5 showed the highest increase in calcium level after remineralization. Conclusion: coral calcium can be considered a comparative product to nano-hydroxyapatite regarding the remineralization of enamel initial carious lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20caries" title="artificial caries">artificial caries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coral%20calcium" title=" coral calcium"> coral calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanohydroxyapatite" title=" nanohydroxyapatite"> nanohydroxyapatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-mineralization" title=" re-mineralization"> re-mineralization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116242/evaluation-of-re-mineralization-ability-of-nanohydroxyapatite-and-coral-calcium-with-different-concentrations-on-initial-enamel-carious-lesions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">723</span> Enhancing Protein Incorporation in Calcium Phosphate Coating on Titanium by Rapid Biomimetic Co-Precipitation Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Suwanprateeb">J. Suwanprateeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Thammarakcharoen"> F. Thammarakcharoen </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calcium phosphate coating (CaP) has been employed for protein delivery, but the typical direct protein adsorption on the coating led to low incorporation content and fast release of the protein from the coating. By using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein, rapid biomimetic co-precipitation between calcium phosphate and BSA was employed to control the distribution of BSA within calcium phosphate coating during biomimetic formation on titanium surface for only 6 h at 50 oC in an accelerated calcium phosphate solution. As a result, the amount of BSA incorporation and release duration could be increased by using a rapid biomimetic co-precipitation technique. Up to 43 fold increases in the BSA incorporation content and the increase from 6 h to more than 360 h in release duration compared to typical direct adsorption technique were observed depending on the initial BSA concentration used during co-precipitation (1, 10, and 100 microgram/ml). From X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies, the coating composition was not altered with the incorporation of BSA by this rapid biomimetic co-precipitation and mainly comprised octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. However, the microstructure of calcium phosphate crystals changed from straight, plate-like units to curved, plate-like units with increasing BSA content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomimetic" title="biomimetic">biomimetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Calcium%20Phosphate%20Coating" title=" Calcium Phosphate Coating"> Calcium Phosphate Coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium" title=" titanium"> titanium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13016/enhancing-protein-incorporation-in-calcium-phosphate-coating-on-titanium-by-rapid-biomimetic-co-precipitation-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">722</span> The Impact of Foliar Application of the Calcium-Containing Compounds in Increasing Resistance to Blue Mold on Apples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Baghalian">Masoud Baghalian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musa%20Arshad"> Musa Arshad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of calcium chloride on the resistance of fruits such as Red and Golden Lebanese apple varieties to blue mold, a split plot experiment in time and space, based on accidental blocks, with three replications under foliar application were done (Control, one in a thousand, two in thousands) and the results of the variance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the levels of foliar and variety at 5% level and between time, there is significant difference in interaction of variety × time and three way interaction of foliar×variety×time, at 1% level. The highest resistance to the blue mold disease in foliar application was observed at two in thousands calcium (calcium chloride) level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apple" title="apple">apple</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blue%20mold" title=" blue mold"> blue mold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foliar%20calcium" title=" foliar calcium"> foliar calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45553/the-impact-of-foliar-application-of-the-calcium-containing-compounds-in-increasing-resistance-to-blue-mold-on-apples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45553.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">721</span> Study of the Formation Mechanism of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Liposomes and Calcium Ion Complexes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Mdzinarashvili">T. Mdzinarashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khvedelidze"> M. Khvedelidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Shekiladze"> E. Shekiladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chinchaladze"> S. Chinchaladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mdzinarashvili"> M. Mdzinarashvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of the possible interaction between calcium ions and lipids is of great importance for the studies of complexes of calcium drug-carrying nanoparticles. We prepared calcium-containing complex liposomes from Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipids and studied their thermodynamic properties. In calorimetric studies, we determined that the phase transition temperature of these complexes is close to 420 C. It was shown that both hydrophobic and hydrophilic connections take part in the formation of calcium nanoparticles. We were interested in hydrophilic bonds represented by hydrogen bonds. We have shown that these hydrogen bonds are formed between the phospholipid heads, and the main contributor is the oxygen atoms in the phosphoric acid residues. In addition, based on the amount of heat absorbed during the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between calcium-containing nanoparticle complexes, it can be concluded that the hydrogen atoms in the head of DPPC lipids form hydrogen bonds between P=O and P-O groups of phosphate. The energy of heat absorption measured by the calorimeter is of the order obtained by breaking the hydrogen bonds we have specified. Thus, we conclude that our approach to the model of liposome formation from lipids is correct. As for calcium atoms - due to the fact that it is present in the form of positive ions in the liposome, they will connect only with negatively charged phosphorus ions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPPC" title="DPPC">DPPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liposomes" title=" liposomes"> liposomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20nanoparticles" title=" complex nanoparticles"> complex nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154573/study-of-the-formation-mechanism-of-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-liposomes-and-calcium-ion-complexes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">720</span> Effects of Egg Yolk Peptide on the Retardation of Bone Growth Induced by Low-Calcium Diets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-Hyun%20Leem">Kang-Hyun Leem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Gyou%20Kim"> Myung-Gyou Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye%20Kyung%20Kim"> Hye Kyung Kim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eggs have long been an important contributor to the nutritional quality of the human, and recognized as a very valuable source of proteins for human nutrition. Egg yolk is composed of various important chemical substances for human health. Growth means not only the increase of body weight but also the elongation of height and the enlargement of each organ's anatomical and morphological size. A calcium shortage causes the growth retardation on the body growth. In this study, we examined the therapeutic effects of egg yolk peptide (EYP) on the retardation of the longitudinal bone growth induced by low-calcium diet (0.05%) in adolescent rats. Low calcium diets were administrated for 15 days. During the last five days, calcium and/or vitamin D and/or EYP were administrated. The body weights, longitudinal bone growth rates, the heights of growth plates, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 expressions were measured using histochemical analysis. Low calcium diets caused the significant reduction in body weight gains and the longitudinal bone growth. The heights of growth plates and the expressions of BMP-2 and IGF-1 showed the impairment of body growth as well. Calcium and/or vitamin D administration could not significantly increase the longitudinal bone growth. However, calcium, vitamin D, and EYP administration significantly increased the bone growth, the growth plate height, and BMP-2 and IGF-1 expressions. These results suggest that EYP enhances the longitudinal bone growth in the calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency and it could be a promising agent for the treatment of children suffering from malnutrition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg%20yolk%20peptide" title="egg yolk peptide">egg yolk peptide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-calcium%20diet" title=" low-calcium diet"> low-calcium diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20bone%20growth" title=" longitudinal bone growth"> longitudinal bone growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphogenetic%20protein-2" title=" morphogenetic protein-2"> morphogenetic protein-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin-like%20growth%20factor-1" title=" insulin-like growth factor-1"> insulin-like growth factor-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D" title=" vitamin D"> vitamin D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11287/effects-of-egg-yolk-peptide-on-the-retardation-of-bone-growth-induced-by-low-calcium-diets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">719</span> Impact of Calcium Carbide Waste Dumpsites on Soil Chemical and Microbial Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20E.%20Ihejirika">C. E. Ihejirika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Nwachukwu"> M. I. Nwachukwu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20F.%20Njoku-Tony"> R. F. Njoku-Tony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20C.%20Ihejirika"> O. C. Ihejirika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20O.%20Enwereuzoh"> U. O. Enwereuzoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20O.%20Imo"> E. O. Imo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20C.%20Ashiegbu"> D. C. Ashiegbu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Disposal of industrial solid wastes in the environment is a major environmental challenge. This study investigated the effects of calcium carbide waste dumpsites on soil quality. Soil samples were collected with hand auger from three different dumpsites at varying depths and made into composite samples. Samples were subjected to standard analytical procedures. pH varied from 10.38 to 8.28, nitrate from 5.6mg/kg to 9.3mg/kg, phosphate from 8.8mg/kg to 12.3mg/kg, calcium carbide reduced from 10% to to 3%. Calcium carbide was absent in control soil samples. Bacterial counts from dumpsites ranged from 1.8 x 105cfu/g - 2.5 x 105cfu/g while fungal ranged from 0.8 x 103cfu/g - 1.4 x 103cfu/g. Bacterial isolates included Pseudomonas spp, Flavobacterium spp, and Achromobacter spp, while fungal isolates include Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizopus stolonifer. No organism was isolated from the dumpsites at soil depth of 0-15 cm, while there were isolates from other soil depths. Toxicity might be due to alkaline condition of the dumpsite. Calcium carbide might be bactericidal and fungicidal leading to cellular physiology, growth retardation, death, general loss of biodiversity and reduction of ecosystem processes. Detoxification of calcium carbide waste before disposal on soil might be the best option in management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title="biodiversity">biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium-carbide" title=" calcium-carbide"> calcium-carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=denitrification" title=" denitrification"> denitrification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity "> toxicity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12369/impact-of-calcium-carbide-waste-dumpsites-on-soil-chemical-and-microbial-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">546</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">718</span> Estimation of Serum Levels of Calcium and Inorganic Phosphorus in Breast Cancer Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safa%20Safdar">Safa Safdar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Breast cancer is a type of cancer which is developed by the formation of a tumor on the breast. This tumor invades and causes different electrolyte imbalance. The present study was designed to measure the serum calcium and inorganic phosphorous levels and to check the frequency of hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia in breast cancer patients. Serum calcium and phosphorous levels of fifty breast cancer women of 18-70 years of age group and fifty healthy women of same age group were measured by using semi-automated chemistry analyzer ( Humalyzer 3000, Human, Germany ). Significant variation in these levels was observed. The mean calcium value in BC patients was higher 9.398 mg/dl as compared to controls which were 8.694 mg/dl. Whereas the mean value of inorganic phosphorus level was lower 4.060 mg/dl in BC patients as compared to controls having 4.456 mg/dl. In this study, the frequency of hypercalcemia in Breast cancer patients was 10% i.e. only 10 out of 50 Breast cancer patients were suffering from hypercalcemia. Whereas the frequency of hypophosphatemia in this study was only 2 % i.e. only 1 out of 50 patients was suffering from hypophosphatemia. Thus it is concluded that there is a significant change in serum calcium and inorganic phosphorous levels in Breast cancer patients as the disease progresses. So, this study will be helpful for the clinicians to maintain serum calcium and phosphorous levels in Breast cancer patients and also preventing them from further complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20analysis" title="serum analysis">serum analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inorganic%20phosphorus" title=" inorganic phosphorus"> inorganic phosphorus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hpercalcemia%20hypophosphatemia" title=" hpercalcemia hypophosphatemia"> hpercalcemia hypophosphatemia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65717/estimation-of-serum-levels-of-calcium-and-inorganic-phosphorus-in-breast-cancer-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">717</span> Targeting Calcium Dysregulation for Treatment of Dementia in Alzheimer's Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huafeng%20Wei">Huafeng Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dementia in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the number one cause of dementia internationally, without effective treatments. Increasing evidence suggest that disruption of intracellular calcium homeostasis, primarily pathological elevation of cytosol and mitochondria but reduction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium concentrations, play critical upstream roles on multiple pathologies and associated neurodegeneration, impaired neurogenesis, synapse, and cognitive dysfunction in various AD preclinical studies. The last federal drug agency (FDA) approved drug for AD dementia treatment, memantine, exert its therapeutic effects by ameliorating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor overactivation and subsequent calcium dysregulation. More research works are needed to develop other drugs targeting calcium dysregulation at multiple pharmacological acting sites for future effective AD dementia treatment. Particularly, calcium channel blockers for the treatment of hypertension and dantrolene for the treatment of muscle spasm and malignant hyperthermia can be repurposed for this purpose. In our own research work, intranasal administration of dantrolene significantly increased its brain concentrations and durations, rendering it a more effective therapeutic drug with less side effects for chronic AD dementia treatment. This review summarizesthe progress of various studies repurposing drugs targeting calcium dysregulation for future effective AD dementia treatment as potentially disease-modifying drugs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alzheimer" title="alzheimer">alzheimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20dysfunction" title=" cognitive dysfunction"> cognitive dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dementia" title=" dementia"> dementia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurodegeneration" title=" neurodegeneration"> neurodegeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurogenesis" title=" neurogenesis"> neurogenesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136963/targeting-calcium-dysregulation-for-treatment-of-dementia-in-alzheimers-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">716</span> Association of Calcium Intake Adequacy with Wealth Indices among Selected Female Adults Living in Depressed and Non-Depressed Area in Metro Manila, Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Viktoria%20Melgo">Maria Viktoria Melgo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to determine the possible association between calcium intake and wealth indices of selected female adults. Specifically, it aimed to: a) determine the calcium intake adequacy of the respondents. b) determine the relationship, if any, between calcium intake adequacy, area and wealth indices. The study used the survey design and employed convenience sampling in selecting participants. Two hundred females aged 20 – 64 years old were covered in the study from depressed and non-depressed areas. Data collected were calcium intake taken from two 24-hour food recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and wealth indices using housing characteristics, household assets and access to utilities and infrastructure. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to determine the frequency distribution and association between the given variables, respectively, using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and OpenEpi software. The results showed that there were 86% of respondents in the depressed area with an inadequate calcium intake while there were 78% of respondents in the non-depressed area with an adequate calcium intake. No significant relationship was obtained in most wealth indices with calcium intake adequacy and area but appliance and ownership of main material of the house showed a significant relationship to calcium intake adequacy by area. The study recommends that the Local Government Unit (LGU) should provide seminars or nutrition education that will further enhance the knowledge of the people in the community. The study also recommends to conduct a similar study but with different, larger sample size, different location nonetheless if it is in urban or rural and include the anthropometry measurement of the respondents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association" title="association">association</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20intake%20adequacy" title=" calcium intake adequacy"> calcium intake adequacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metro%20Manila" title=" metro Manila"> metro Manila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippines" title=" Philippines"> Philippines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wealth%20indices" title=" wealth indices"> wealth indices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75428/association-of-calcium-intake-adequacy-with-wealth-indices-among-selected-female-adults-living-in-depressed-and-non-depressed-area-in-metro-manila-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">715</span> Comparison of the Effect of Nano Calcium Carbonate and CaCO₃ on Egg Production, Egg Traits and Calcium Retention in Laying Japanese Quail</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Ahmadi">Farhad Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Kimiaee"> Hamed Kimiaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariba%20Rahimi"> Fariba Rahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research study focuses on the effect of different levels and sources of calcium on egg production, egg traits, and calcium retention in laying Japanese quail. The study aims to determine the impact of nano calcium carbonate (NCC) and calcium carbonate (CC) on these factors. The research was conducted using a total of 280 laying quail with an average age of 8 weeks. The quails were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments, 4 replications, and 10 quails in each pen. The study lasted for 90 days. The experimental diets included a control group (T1) with a basal diet consisting of 3.17% CaCO₃, and other groups supplemented with different levels (0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.15%) of either calcium carbonate (CC) or nano calcium carbonate (NCC). The quails had free access to water and feed throughout the study period. Findings: The results of the study showed that NCC at the levels of 0.1% and 0.15% (T6 and T7) improved eggshell thickness, shell thickness, and shell breaking strength compared to the control group. Although not statistically significant, there was an increasing trend in quail egg production and calcium retention in the calcareous shell of the egg in birds that consumed the experimental diets containing different levels of NCC compared to the control and other treatment groups. Quail egg production was recorded monthly for each treatment group. At the end of the study, a total of 40 eggs (10 eggs/replicate) from each treatment group were randomly selected for analysis. Parameters such as eggshell thickness, shell thickness, shell breaking strength, and calcium retention were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the results between the different treatment groups. In conclusion, this study suggests that NCC at the levels of 0.1% and 0.15% can improve the quantity and quality of eggs and calcium retention in laying Japanese quail. These findings highlight the potential benefits of using NCC as a calcium source in quail diets. Further research could be conducted to explore the mechanisms behind these improvements and optimize the dosage of NCC for maximum effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg" title="egg">egg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiology" title=" physiology"> physiology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187040/comparison-of-the-effect-of-nano-calcium-carbonate-and-caco3-on-egg-production-egg-traits-and-calcium-retention-in-laying-japanese-quail" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">714</span> Study of Salinity Stress and Calcium Interaction on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Vicia villosa under Hydroponic Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raheleh%20Khademian">Raheleh Khademian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roghayeh%20Aminian"> Roghayeh Aminian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the study of salinity stress on <em>Vicia villosa</em> and calcium effect for modulation of that, an experiment was conducted under hydroponic condition, and some important morphological and physiological characteristics were evaluated. This experiment was conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete design with three replications. The treatments include salinity stress in three levels (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl) and calcium in two levels (content in Hoagland solution and double content). The results showed that all morphological and physiological traits include root and shoot length, root and shoot wet and dry weight, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, RWC, CMS, and biological yield was significantly different from the control and is affected by the salinity stress severely. But, calcium effect on them was not significant despite of decreasing salinity effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vicia%20villossa" title="Vicia villossa">Vicia villossa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity%20stress" title=" salinity stress"> salinity stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroponic" title=" hydroponic"> hydroponic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55356/study-of-salinity-stress-and-calcium-interaction-on-morphological-and-physiological-traits-of-vicia-villosa-under-hydroponic-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">713</span> Comparison of the Effect of Nano Calcium Carbonate and CaCO₃ on Egg Production, Egg Traits and Calcium Retention in Laying Japanese Quail</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Ahmadi">Farhad Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammed%20Kimiaee"> Hammed Kimiaee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: This research study focuses on the effect of different levels and sources of calcium on egg production, egg traits, and calcium retention in laying Japanese quail. The study aims to determine the impact of nano calcium carbonate (NCC) and calcium carbonate (CC) on these factors. Research Aim: The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of different levels and sources of calcium on egg production, egg traits, and calcium retention in laying Japanese quail. Specifically, the study aims to compare the effects of NCC and CC on these parameters. Methodology: The research was conducted using a total of 280 laying quail with an average age of 8 weeks. The quails were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments, 4 replications, and 10 quails in each pen. The study lasted for 90 days. The experimental diets included a control group (T1) with a basal diet consisting of 3.17% CaCO₃, and other groups supplemented with different levels (0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.15%) of either calcium carbonate (CC) or nano calcium carbonate (NCC). The quails had free access to water and feed throughout the study period. Findings: The results of the study showed that NCC at the levels of 0.1% and 0.15% (T6 and T7) improved eggshell thickness, shell thickness, and shell breaking strength compared to the control group. Although not statistically significant, there was an increasing trend in quail egg production and calcium retention in the calcareous shell of the egg in birds that consumed the experimental diets containing different levels of NCC compared to the control and other treatment groups. Theoretical Importance: This research contributes to our understanding of the effect of NCC and CC on egg production, egg traits, and calcium retention in laying Japanese quail. It highlights the potential benefits of using NCC as a calcium source in quail diets, specifically in improving the quantity and quality of eggs and calcium retention. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: Quail egg production was recorded monthly for each treatment group. At the end of the study, a total of 40 eggs (10 eggs/replicate) from each treatment group were randomly selected for analysis. Parameters such as eggshell thickness, shell thickness, shell breaking strength, and calcium retention were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the results between the different treatment groups. Questions Addressed: This research aimed to answer the following questions: What is the effect of different levels and sources of calcium on egg production, egg traits, and calcium retention in laying Japanese quail? How does nano calcium carbonate compare to calcium carbonate in terms of these parameters? Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggests that NCC at the levels of 0.1% and 0.15% can improve the quantity and quality of eggs and calcium retention in laying Japanese quail. These findings highlight the potential benefits of using NCC as a calcium source in quail diets. Further research could be conducted to explore the mechanisms behind these improvements and optimize the dosage of NCC for maximum effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg" title="egg">egg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retention" title=" retention"> retention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176775/comparison-of-the-effect-of-nano-calcium-carbonate-and-caco3-on-egg-production-egg-traits-and-calcium-retention-in-laying-japanese-quail" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">712</span> Thermodynamic Properties of Calcium-Containing DPPA and DPPC Liposomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamaz%20Mdzinarashvili">Tamaz Mdzinarashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Khvedelidze"> Mariam Khvedelidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eka%20Shekiladze"> Eka Shekiladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salome%20Chinchaladze"> Salome Chinchaladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Mdzinarashvili"> Mariam Mdzinarashvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The work is about the preparation of calcium-containing 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidic acid (DPPA) and their calorimetric study. In order to prepare these complex liposomes, for the first stage it is necessary for ligands and lipids to directly interact, followed by the addition of pH-buffered water or solvent at temperatures slightly above the liposome phase transition temperature. The resulting mixture is briefly but vigorously shaken and then transformed into liposomes of the desired size using an extruder. Particle sizing and calorimetry were used to evaluate liposome formation. We determined the possible structure of calcium-containing liposomes made by our new technology and determined their thermostability. The paper provides calculations showing how many phospholipid molecules are required to make a 200 nm diameter liposome. Calculations showed that 33x10³ lipid molecules are needed to prepare one DPPA and DPPC liposome. Based on the calorimetric experiments, we determined that the structure of uncomplexed DPPA liposomes is unilaminar (one double layer), while DPPC liposome is a nanoparticle with a multilaminar (multilayer) structure. This was determined by the cooperativity of the heat absorption peak. Calorimetric studies of calcium liposomes made by our technology showed that calcium ions are placed in the multilaminar structure of the DPPC liposome. Calcium ions also formed a complex in the DPPA liposome structure, moreover, calcium made the DPPA liposome multilaminar, since the cooperative narrow heat absorption peak was transformed into a three-peak heat absorption peak. Since both types of liposomes in complex with calcium ions present a multilaminar structure, where the number of lipid heads in one particle is large, the number of calcium ions in one particle will also be increased. That makes it possible to use these nanoparticles as transporters of a large amount of calcium ions in a living organism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title="calcium">calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liposomes" title=" liposomes"> liposomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20parameters" title=" thermodynamic parameters"> thermodynamic parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calorimetry" title=" calorimetry"> calorimetry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187071/thermodynamic-properties-of-calcium-containing-dppa-and-dppc-liposomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">711</span> Preparation and Evaluation of Calcium Fluorosilicate (CaSiF₆) as a Fluorinating Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natsumi%20Murakami">Natsumi Murakami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Ho%20Kim"> Jae-Ho Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susumu%20Yonezawa"> Susumu Yonezawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The calcium fluorosilicate (CaSiF₆) was prepared from calcium silicate (CaSiO₃) with fluorine gas at 25 ~ 200 ℃ and 760 Torr for 1~24 h. Especially, the pure CaSiF₆ could be prepared at 25 ℃ for 24 h with F₂ gas from the results of X-ray diffraction. Increasing temperature to higher than 100 ℃, the prepared CaSiF₆ was decomposed into CaF₂ and SiF₄. The release of SiF₄ gas was confirmed by the results of gas-phase infrared spectroscopy. In this study, we tried to modify the surface of polycarbonate (PC) resin using the SiF₄ gas released from CaSiF₆ particles. By using the prepared CaSiF₆, the surface roughness of fluorinated PC samples was approximately four times larger than that (1.4 nm) of the untreated sample. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the formation of fluorinated bonds (e.g., -CFx) on the surface of PC after surface fluorination. Consequently, the CaSiF₆ particles can be useful for a new fluorinating agent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20fluorosilicate" title="calcium fluorosilicate">calcium fluorosilicate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorinating%20agent" title=" fluorinating agent"> fluorinating agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycarbonate" title=" polycarbonate"> polycarbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20fluorination" title=" surface fluorination"> surface fluorination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152871/preparation-and-evaluation-of-calcium-fluorosilicate-casif6-as-a-fluorinating-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">710</span> Improving Flotation Separation of Apatite Ore Using Calcium Lignosulphonate and Tannin as Combined Depressant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwang%20Sok%20Jong">Kwang Sok Jong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Apatite is separated from carbonate minerals via direct flotation by using lignosulphonate as a depressant, but its dosage is high, and its inhibition ability is insufficient. Therefore a combination of depressant calcium lignosulphonate and depressant tannin was considered to improve flotation selectivity and decrease the dosage of depressant. In the present work, the effects of several reagents- pH regulators (sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide), combined depressant (calcium lignosulphonate and tannin) and collector (fatty acid amide soap) on the flotation performance of apatite ore were investigated using Design Expert software. Flotation results showed that the combined depressant had not only more excellent inhibition ability compared with the individual depressant respectively, but also lower dosage. In the raw ore containing 6.65% P₂O₅, a concentrate containing 32.93% P₂O₅ with 93.24% recovery was obtained using 3.5kg/t sodium carbonate, 0.75kg/t sodium hydroxide, 1kg/t calcium lignosulphonate, 50g/t tannin and 100g/t fatty acid amide soap in the rougher flotation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apatite%20flotation" title="apatite flotation">apatite flotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20depressant" title=" combined depressant"> combined depressant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20lignosulphonate" title=" calcium lignosulphonate"> calcium lignosulphonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tannin" title=" tannin"> tannin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187062/improving-flotation-separation-of-apatite-ore-using-calcium-lignosulphonate-and-tannin-as-combined-depressant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">709</span> Horn Snail (Telescopium Telescopium) Shells Waste as an Alternative for Ceramic Tile Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20N.%20Baguio">Patricia N. Baguio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20Amy%20M.%20Bunag"> Angel Amy M. Bunag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Bryan%20E.%20Ornopia"> Paul Bryan E. Ornopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Paul%20C.%20Suel"> John Paul C. Suel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the viability and efficiency of employing ceramic tile additives derived from horn snail shell material, specifically calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). The study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of ceramic tiles with Calcium Carbonate with varying amounts of CaCO₃, focusing on breaking and flexural strength. The research employs a comprehensive methodology, including material collection, slurry forming, shaping, drying, firing, and statistical analysis using paired sample T-tests. The result indicates a positive correlation between calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) application and ceramic tile strength, revealing increased breaking strength from 29.41 N (non-calcium Carbonate) to 46.02 N (70g CaCO3) and a substantial enhancement to 82.61 N with 150g CaCO₃. Comparative analyses show higher breaking and flexural strength in tiles with Calcium Carbonate with 150g CaCO₃ analysis (p = 0.011), indicating its feasibility for ceramic tile manufacturing, while 70g CaCO₃ shows no significant difference from non-calcium Carbonate tiles (p = 0.135). The addition of horn snail shells shows potential for improving ceramic tile quality and contributes positively to waste management in standard tile production processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Horn%20snail%20shell" title="Horn snail shell">Horn snail shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20carbonate" title=" calcium carbonate"> calcium carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breaking%20strength" title=" breaking strength"> breaking strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182882/horn-snail-telescopium-telescopium-shells-waste-as-an-alternative-for-ceramic-tile-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">708</span> Horn Snail (Telescopium telescopium) Shells Waste as an Alternative for Ceramic Tile Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20N.%20Baguio">Patricia N. Baguio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20Amy%20M.%20Bu%C3%B1ag"> Angel Amy M. Buñag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Bryan%20E.%20Ornopia"> Paul Bryan E. Ornopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Paul%20C.%20Suel"> John Paul C. Suel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the viability and efficiency of employing ceramic tile additives derived from horn snail shell material, specifically calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). The study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of ceramic tiles with calcium carbonate with varying amounts of CaCO₃, focusing on breaking and flexural strength. The research employs a comprehensive methodology, including material collection, slurry forming, shaping, drying, firing, and statistical analysis using paired sample T-tests. The result indicates a positive correlation between calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) application and ceramic tile strength, revealing increased breaking strength from 29.41 N (non-calcium carbonate) to 46.02 N (70g CaCO₃) and a substantial enhancement to 82.61 N with 150g CaCO₃. Comparative analyses show higher breaking and flexural strength in tiles calcium carbonate with 150g CaCO₃ analysis (p = 0.011), indicating its feasibility for ceramic tile manufacturing, while 70g CaCO₃ shows no significant difference from non-calcium carbonate tiles (p = 0.135). The addition of horn snail shells shows potential for improving ceramic tile quality and contributes positively to waste management in standard tile production processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horn%20snail%20shell" title="horn snail shell">horn snail shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20carbonate" title=" calcium carbonate"> calcium carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breaking%20strength" title=" breaking strength"> breaking strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182794/horn-snail-telescopium-telescopium-shells-waste-as-an-alternative-for-ceramic-tile-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">707</span> Development of Calcium Carbonate Molecular Sheets via Wet Chemical Route</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhir%20Kumar%20Sharma">Sudhir Kumar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramesh%20Jagannathan"> Ramesh Jagannathan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interaction of organic and inorganic matrices of biological origin resulting in self-assembled structures with unique properties is well established. The development of such self-assembled nanostructures by synthetic and bio-inspired techniques is an established field of active research. Among bio-materials, nacre, a laminar stack of calcium carbonate nanosheets, which are interleaved with organic material, has long been focused research due to its unique mechanical properties. In this paper, we present the development of nacre-like lamellar structures made up of calcium carbonate via a wet chemical route. We used the binding affinity of carboxylate anions and calcium cations using poly (acrylic) acid (PAA) to lead CaCO₃ crystallization. In these experiments, we selected calcium acetate as the precursor molecule along with PAA (Mw ~ 8000 Da). We found that Ca⁺²/COO⁻ ratio provided a tunable control for the morphology and growth of CaCO₃ nanostructures. Drop casting one such formulation on a silicon substrate followed by calcination resulted in co-planner, molecular sheets of CaCO₃, separated by a spacer layer of carbon. The scope of our process could be expanded to produce unit cell thick molecular sheets of other important inorganic materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assembled%20structures" title="self-assembled structures">self-assembled structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-inspired%20materials" title=" bio-inspired materials"> bio-inspired materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20carbonate" title=" calcium carbonate"> calcium carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20chemical%20route" title=" wet chemical route"> wet chemical route</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102071/development-of-calcium-carbonate-molecular-sheets-via-wet-chemical-route" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20zirconate&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20zirconate&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20zirconate&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20zirconate&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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