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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Tarjan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت تارجان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرت تارجان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86" title="رابرت تارجان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رابرت تارجان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="রবার্ট টারজান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রবার্ট টারজান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86" title="رابرت تارجان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رابرت تارجان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%ED%83%80%EC%9E%94" title="로버트 타잔 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로버트 타잔" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%92%27%D7%90%D7%9F" title="רוברט טרג'אן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוברט טרג'אן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت تارجان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت تارجان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3" title="ロバート・タージャン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・タージャン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Тарджан, Роберт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тарджан, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Роберт Тарџан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роберт Тарџан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Роберт Андре Тарджан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Андре Тарджан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Robert Tarjan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American computer scientist and mathematician</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Robert Tarjan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Tarjan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bob_Tarjan.jpg/220px-Bob_Tarjan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bob_Tarjan.jpg/330px-Bob_Tarjan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bob_Tarjan.jpg/440px-Bob_Tarjan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="918" data-file-height="1371" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Robert Endre Tarjan</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1948-04-30</span>) </span>April 30, 1948<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 76)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Pomona,_California" title="Pomona, California">Pomona</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">MS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Algorithms and data structures</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paris_Kanellakis_Award" title="Paris Kanellakis Award">Paris Kanellakis Award</a> (1999)<br /><a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">Turing Award</a> (1986)<br /><a href="/wiki/Nevanlinna_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevanlinna Prize">Nevanlinna Prize</a> (1982)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Research" title="Microsoft Research">Microsoft Research</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Intertrust_Technologies_Corporation" title="Intertrust Technologies Corporation">Intertrust Technologies</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NEC_Corporation_of_America" title="NEC Corporation of America">NEC Research</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=906252">An Efficient Planarity Algorithm</a></i> <span style="font-size:97%;">(1972)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Floyd" title="Robert W. Floyd">Robert W. Floyd</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other academic advisors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral students</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lengauer" title="Thomas Lengauer">Thomas Lengauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Henzinger" title="Monika Henzinger">Monika Henzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Sitaraman" title="Ramesh Sitaraman">Ramesh Sitaraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sleator" title="Daniel Sleator">Daniel Sleator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Westbrook" title="Jeff Westbrook">Jeff Westbrook</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~ret/">www<wbr />.cs<wbr />.princeton<wbr />.edu<wbr />/~ret<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Endre Tarjan</b> (born April 30, 1948) is an American <a href="/wiki/Computer_scientist" title="Computer scientist">computer scientist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a>. He is the discoverer of several <a href="/wiki/Graph_theory" title="Graph theory">graph theory</a> algorithms, including his <a href="/wiki/Tarjan%27s_strongly_connected_components_algorithm" title="Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm">strongly connected components algorithm</a>, and co-inventor of both <a href="/wiki/Splay_tree" title="Splay tree">splay trees</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fibonacci_heap" title="Fibonacci heap">Fibonacci heaps</a>. Tarjan is currently the <a href="/wiki/James_S._McDonnell" class="mw-redirect" title="James S. McDonnell">James S. McDonnell</a> Distinguished University Professor of Computer Science at <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_education">Personal life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born in <a href="/wiki/Pomona,_California" title="Pomona, California">Pomona, California</a>. His father, George Tarjan (1912-1991), raised in Hungary,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a child psychiatrist, specializing in mental retardation, and ran a state hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-Out_of_Their_Minds_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Out_of_Their_Minds-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Robert Tarjan's <a href="/wiki/James_Tarjan" title="James Tarjan">younger brother James</a> became a chess grandmaster.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a child, Robert Tarjan read a lot of science fiction, and wanted to be an <a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">astronomer</a>. He became interested in <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> after reading <a href="/wiki/Martin_Gardner" title="Martin Gardner">Martin Gardner</a>'s mathematical games column in <a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a>. He became seriously interested in math in the eighth grade, thanks to a "very stimulating" teacher.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While he was in high school, Tarjan got a job, where he worked with IBM punch card collators. He first worked with real computers while studying astronomy at the <a href="/wiki/Summer_Science_Program" title="Summer Science Program">Summer Science Program</a> in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-Out_of_Their_Minds_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Out_of_Their_Minds-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tarjan obtained a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">Bachelor's degree</a> in mathematics from the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> in 1969. At <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, he received his master's degree in computer science in 1971 and a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D.</a> in computer science (with a minor in mathematics) in 1972. At Stanford, he was supervised by <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Floyd" title="Robert W. Floyd">Robert Floyd</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CV_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both highly prominent computer scientists, and his Ph.D. dissertation was <i>An Efficient Planarity Algorithm</i>. Tarjan selected computer science as his area of interest because he believed that computer science was a way of doing mathematics that could have a practical impact.<sup id="cite_ref-HP_art_of_algo_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HP_art_of_algo-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tarjan now lives in Princeton, NJ, and Silicon Valley. He is married to Nayla Rizk.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has three daughters: Alice Tarjan, Sophie Zawacki, and Maxine Tarjan.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Computer_science_career">Computer science career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Computer science career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tarjan has been teaching at Princeton University since 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-HP_art_of_algo_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HP_art_of_algo-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has also held academic positions at <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a> (1972–73), <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> (1973–1975), <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> (1974–1980), and <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> (1981–1985). He has also been a fellow of the NEC Research Institute (1989–1997).<sup id="cite_ref-turing_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turing-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2013 he joined Microsoft Research Silicon Valley in addition to the position at Princeton. In October 2014 he rejoined Intertrust Technologies as chief scientist. </p><p>Tarjan has worked at AT&T Bell Labs (1980–1989), Intertrust Technologies (1997–2001, 2014–present), Compaq (2002) and Hewlett Packard (2006–2013). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Algorithms_and_data_structures">Algorithms and data structures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Algorithms and data structures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tarjan is known for his pioneering work on graph theory algorithms and data structures. Some of his well-known algorithms include <a href="/wiki/Tarjan%27s_off-line_least_common_ancestors_algorithm" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarjan's off-line least common ancestors algorithm">Tarjan's off-line least common ancestors algorithm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarjan%27s_strongly_connected_components_algorithm" title="Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm">Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bridge_(graph_theory)#Tarjan's_bridge-finding_algorithm" title="Bridge (graph theory)">Tarjan's bridge-finding algorithm</a>, and he was one of five co-authors of the <a href="/wiki/Median_of_medians" title="Median of medians">median of medians</a> linear-time <a href="/wiki/Selection_algorithm" title="Selection algorithm">selection algorithm</a>. The Hopcroft–Tarjan <a href="/wiki/Planarity_testing" title="Planarity testing">planarity testing</a> algorithm was the first linear-time algorithm for planarity testing.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tarjan has also developed important data structures such as the <a href="/wiki/Fibonacci_heap" title="Fibonacci heap">Fibonacci heap</a> (a heap data structure consisting of a forest of trees), and the <a href="/wiki/Splay_tree" title="Splay tree">splay tree</a> (a self-adjusting binary search tree; co-invented by Tarjan and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sleator" title="Daniel Sleator">Daniel Sleator</a>). Another significant contribution was the analysis of the <a href="/wiki/Disjoint-set_data_structure" title="Disjoint-set data structure">disjoint-set data structure</a>; he was the first to prove the optimal runtime involving the inverse <a href="/wiki/Ackermann_function" title="Ackermann function">Ackermann function</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tarjan1984_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tarjan1984-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tarjan received the <a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">Turing Award</a> jointly with <a href="/wiki/John_Hopcroft" title="John Hopcroft">John Hopcroft</a> in 1986. The citation for the award states<sup id="cite_ref-turing_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turing-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that it was: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>For fundamental achievements in the design and analysis of algorithms and data structures.</p></blockquote> <p>Tarjan was also elected an <a href="/wiki/ACM_Fellow" title="ACM Fellow">ACM Fellow</a> in 1994. The citation for this award states:<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>For seminal advances in the design and analysis of data structures and algorithms.</p></blockquote> <p>Some of the other awards for Tarjan include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nevanlinna_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevanlinna Prize">Nevanlinna Prize</a> in Information Science (1983)<sup id="cite_ref-turing_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turing-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – first recipient<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>, elected 1985<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NAS_Award_for_Initiatives_in_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="NAS Award for Initiatives in Research">National Academy of Sciences Award for Initiatives in Research</a> (1984)<sup id="cite_ref-turing_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turing-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a>, elected 1987<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a>, elected 1988<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>, elected 1990<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Kanellakis_Award" title="Paris Kanellakis Award">Paris Kanellakis Award</a> in Theory and Practice, <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">ACM</a> (1999)<sup id="cite_ref-turing_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turing-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Caltech Distinguished Alumni Award, <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> (2010)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_publications">Selected publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Selected publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tarjan's papers have been collectively cited over 94,000 times.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the most cited are: </p> <ul><li>1972: Depth-first search and linear graph algorithms, R Tarjan, <a href="/wiki/SIAM_Journal_on_Computing" title="SIAM Journal on Computing">SIAM Journal on Computing</a> 1 (2), 146-160<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1987: Fibonacci heaps and their uses in improved network optimization algorithms, ML Fredman, RE Tarjan, Journal of the ACM (JACM) 34 (3), 596-615<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1983: Data structures and network algorithms, RE Tarjan, Society for industrial and Applied Mathematics<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1988: A new approach to the maximum-flow problem, V Goldberg, RE Tarjan, Journal of the ACM (JACM) 35 (4), 921-940<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Patents">Patents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Patents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tarjan holds at least 18 U.S. patents.<sup id="cite_ref-CV_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include: </p> <ul><li>J. Bentley, D. Sleator, and R. E. Tarjan, U. S. Patent 4,796,003, <i>Data Compaction</i>, 1989<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>N. Mishra, R. Schreiber, and R. E. Tarjan, U. S. Patent 7,818,272, <i>Method for discovery of clusters of objects in an arbitrary undirected graph using a difference between a fraction of internal connections and maximum fraction of connections by an outside object</i>, 2010<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>B. Pinkas, S. Haber, R. E. Tarjan, and T. Sander, U. S. Patent 8220036, <i>Establishing a secure channel with a human user</i>, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jinfo.org/Computer_ACM_Turing.html">"Jewish Recipients of the ACM A.M. Turing Award"</a>. <i>jinfo.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jinfo.org&rft.atitle=Jewish+Recipients+of+the+ACM+A.M.+Turing+Award&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jinfo.org%2FComputer_ACM_Turing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Out_of_Their_Minds-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Out_of_Their_Minds_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Out_of_Their_Minds_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShashaLazere,_Cathy_A.1998" class="citation book cs1">Shasha, Dennis Elliott; Lazere, Cathy A. (1998) [1995]. "Robert E. Tarjan: In Search of Good Structure". <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780387979922/page/102"><i>Out of Their Minds: The Lives and Discoveries of 15 Great Computer Scientists</i></a></span>. Copernicus/Springer. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780387979922/page/102">102–119</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-97992-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-97992-2"><bdi>978-0-387-97992-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/32240355">32240355</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Robert+E.+Tarjan%3A+In+Search+of+Good+Structure&rft.btitle=Out+of+Their+Minds%3A+The+Lives+and+Discoveries+of+15+Great+Computer+Scientists&rft.pages=102-119&rft.pub=Copernicus%2FSpringer&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F32240355&rft.isbn=978-0-387-97992-2&rft.aulast=Shasha&rft.aufirst=Dennis+Elliott&rft.au=Lazere%2C+Cathy+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780387979922%2Fpage%2F102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelvin1984" class="citation journal cs1">Melvin, Shabsin (August 1984). "George Tarjan, M.D. one hundred twelfth president, 1983-1984". <i>The American Journal of Psychiatry</i>. <b>141</b> (8): 931–934. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1176%2Fajp.141.8.931">10.1176/ajp.141.8.931</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Journal+of+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=George+Tarjan%2C+M.D.+one+hundred+twelfth+president%2C+1983-1984&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=931-934&rft.date=1984-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1176%2Fajp.141.8.931&rft.aulast=Melvin&rft.aufirst=Shabsin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/news/2004/oct_dec/tarjan.html">"Robert Tarjan: The Art of the Algorithm"</a>. Hewlett-Packard<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-09-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+Tarjan%3A+The+Art+of+the+Algorithm&rft.pub=Hewlett-Packard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hpl.hp.com%2Fnews%2F2004%2Foct_dec%2Ftarjan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=53460">"Robert Endre Tarjan"</a>. Mathematics Genealogy Project<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-01-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+Endre+Tarjan&rft.pub=Mathematics+Genealogy+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu%2Fid.php%3Fid%3D53460&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CV-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CV_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CV_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarjan2019" class="citation web cs1">Tarjan, Robert Endre (November 15, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191123024149/https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~ret/Vita-Tarjan2019.pdf">"Curriculum Vitae"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~ret/Vita-Tarjan2019.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2019-11-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Curriculum+Vitae&rft.date=2019-11-15&rft.aulast=Tarjan&rft.aufirst=Robert+Endre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.princeton.edu%2F~ret%2FVita-Tarjan2019.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HP_art_of_algo-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HP_art_of_algo_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HP_art_of_algo_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/news/2004/oct_dec/tarjan.html">"Robert Endre Tarjan: The art of the algorithm (interview)"</a>. Hewlett-Packard. September 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-01-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+Endre+Tarjan%3A+The+art+of+the+algorithm+%28interview%29&rft.pub=Hewlett-Packard&rft.date=2004-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hpl.hp.com%2Fnews%2F2004%2Foct_dec%2Ftarjan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/07/fashion/weddings/nayla-rizk-and-robert-tarjan.html">"Nayla Rizk and Robert Tarjan"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Nayla+Rizk+and+Robert+Tarjan&rft.date=2013-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F07%2F07%2Ffashion%2Fweddings%2Fnayla-rizk-and-robert-tarjan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/archive/Workshops/Tarjan/materials/event-photos.html">"Photos from Bob Tarjan's 60th Birthday Symposium"</a>. DIMACS. May 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photos+from+Bob+Tarjan%27s+60th+Birthday+Symposium&rft.pub=DIMACS&rft.date=2008-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdimacs.rutgers.edu%2Farchive%2FWorkshops%2FTarjan%2Fmaterials%2Fevent-photos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turing-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turing_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turing_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turing_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turing_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turing_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing" class="citation web cs1">King, V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/tarjan_1092048.cfm">"Robert E Tarjan — A.M. Turing Award Laureate"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">ACM</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-01-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+E+Tarjan+%E2%80%94+A.M.+Turing+Award+Laureate&rft.pub=ACM&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famturing.acm.org%2Faward_winners%2Ftarjan_1092048.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKocayKreher,_Donald_L2005" class="citation book cs1">Kocay, William; Kreher, Donald L (2005). "Planar Graphs". <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/graphsalgorithms00will"><i>Graphs, algorithms, and optimization</i></a></span>. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/graphsalgorithms00will/page/n196">312</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58488-396-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58488-396-8"><bdi>978-1-58488-396-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/56319851">56319851</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Planar+Graphs&rft.btitle=Graphs%2C+algorithms%2C+and+optimization&rft.place=Boca+Raton&rft.pages=312&rft.pub=Chapman+%26+Hall%2FCRC&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F56319851&rft.isbn=978-1-58488-396-8&rft.aulast=Kocay&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Kreher%2C+Donald+L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgraphsalgorithms00will&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tarjan1984-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tarjan1984_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarjanvan_Leeuwen1984" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Tarjan" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert E. Tarjan">Tarjan, Robert E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Leeuwen" title="Jan van Leeuwen">van Leeuwen, Jan</a> (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F62.2160">"Worst-case analysis of set union algorithms"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_ACM" title="Journal of the ACM">Journal of the ACM</a></i>. <b>31</b> (2): 245–281. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F62.2160">10.1145/62.2160</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5363073">5363073</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+ACM&rft.atitle=Worst-case+analysis+of+set+union+algorithms&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=245-281&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F62.2160&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A5363073%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Tarjan&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rft.au=van+Leeuwen%2C+Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1145%252F62.2160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acm.org/awards/fellows_citations_n-z/tarjan.html">"Fellows Award — Robert E. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-01-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rolf+Nevanlinna+Prize+Winners&rft.pub=International+Mathematical+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mathunion.org%2Fgeneral%2Fprizes%2Fnevanlinna%2Fprize-winners%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amacad.org/person/robert-endre-tarjan">"Robert Endre Tarjan"</a>. <i>American Academy of Arts & Sciences</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nasonline.org&rft.atitle=Robert+Tarjan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasonline.org%2Fmember-directory%2Fmembers%2F15504.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nae.edu/27800/Dr-Robert-E-Tarjan">"Dr. Robert E. Tarjan"</a>. <i>NAE Website</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Scholar&rft.atitle=Robert+Tarjan+Google+Scholar+Page&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2Fcitations%3Fuser%3DlazJixIAAAAJ%26hl%3Den%26oi%3Dao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarjan1972" class="citation journal cs1">Tarjan, Robert (1972-06-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epubs.siam.org/doi/abs/10.1137/0201010">"Depth-First Search and Linear Graph Algorithms"</a>. <i>SIAM Journal on Computing</i>. <b>1</b> (2): 146–160. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1137%2F0201010">10.1137/0201010</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0097-5397">0097-5397</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16467262">16467262</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SIAM+Journal+on+Computing&rft.atitle=Depth-First+Search+and+Linear+Graph+Algorithms&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=146-160&rft.date=1972-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A16467262%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0097-5397&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1137%2F0201010&rft.aulast=Tarjan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fepubs.siam.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1137%2F0201010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFredmanTarjan1987" class="citation journal cs1">Fredman, Michael L.; Tarjan, Robert Endre (1987-07-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F28869.28874">"Fibonacci heaps and their uses in improved network optimization algorithms"</a>. <i>Journal of the ACM</i>. <b>34</b> (3): 596–615. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F28869.28874">10.1145/28869.28874</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-5411">0004-5411</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7904683">7904683</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+ACM&rft.atitle=Fibonacci+heaps+and+their+uses+in+improved+network+optimization+algorithms&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=596-615&rft.date=1987-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A7904683%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0004-5411&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F28869.28874&rft.aulast=Fredman&rft.aufirst=Michael+L.&rft.au=Tarjan%2C+Robert+Endre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1145%252F28869.28874&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epubs.siam.org/doi/pdf/10.1137/1.9781611970265.bm">"Back Matter"</a>. <i>Data Structures and Network Algorithms</i>: 125–131. 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(1988-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F48014.61051">"A new approach to the maximum-flow problem"</a>. <i>Journal of the ACM</i>. <b>35</b> (4): 921–940. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F48014.61051">10.1145/48014.61051</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-5411">0004-5411</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14492800">14492800</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+ACM&rft.atitle=A+new+approach+to+the+maximum-flow+problem&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=921-940&rft.date=1988-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A14492800%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0004-5411&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F48014.61051&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Andrew+V.&rft.au=Tarjan%2C+Robert+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1145%252F48014.61051&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBentleySleatorTarjan1989" class="citation web cs1">Bentley, Jon L.; Sleator, Daniel D. K.; Tarjan, Robert E. (January 3, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=4,796,003.PN.&OS=PN/4,796,003&RS=PN/4,796,003">"United States Patent 4796003 — Data compaction"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+Patent+4796003+%E2%80%94+Data+compaction&rft.date=1989-01-03&rft.aulast=Bentley&rft.aufirst=Jon+L.&rft.au=Sleator%2C+Daniel+D.+K.&rft.au=Tarjan%2C+Robert+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect1%3DPTO1%26Sect2%3DHITOFF%26d%3DPALL%26p%3D1%26u%3D%252Fnetahtml%252FPTO%252Fsrchnum.htm%26r%3D1%26f%3DG%26l%3D50%26s1%3D4%2C796%2C003.PN.%26OS%3DPN%2F4%2C796%2C003%26RS%3DPN%2F4%2C796%2C003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNinaSchreiberRobert_E.2010" class="citation web cs1">Nina, Mishra; Schreiber, Robert Samuel; Robert E., Tarjan (October 19, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7,818,272.PN.&OS=PN/7,818,272&RS=PN/7,818,272">"United States Patent 7818272 — Method for discovery of clusters of objects in an arbitrary undirected graph using a difference between a fraction of internal connections and maximum fraction of connections by an outside object"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+Patent+7818272+%E2%80%94+Method+for+discovery+of+clusters+of+objects+in+an+arbitrary+undirected+graph+using+a+difference+between+a+fraction+of+internal+connections+and+maximum+fraction+of+connections+by+an+outside+object&rft.date=2010-10-19&rft.aulast=Nina&rft.aufirst=Mishra&rft.au=Schreiber%2C+Robert+Samuel&rft.au=Robert+E.%2C+Tarjan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect1%3DPTO1%26Sect2%3DHITOFF%26d%3DPALL%26p%3D1%26u%3D%252Fnetahtml%252FPTO%252Fsrchnum.htm%26r%3D1%26f%3DG%26l%3D50%26s1%3D7%2C818%2C272.PN.%26OS%3DPN%2F7%2C818%2C272%26RS%3DPN%2F7%2C818%2C272&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinkasHaberTarjanSander2012" class="citation web cs1">Pinkas, Binyamin; Haber, Stuart A.; Tarjan, Robert E.; Sander, Tomas (July 10, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=8220036.PN.&OS=PN/8220036&RS=PN/8220036">"United States Patent 8220036 — Establishing a secure channel with a human user"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+Patent+8220036+%E2%80%94+Establishing+a+secure+channel+with+a+human+user&rft.date=2012-07-10&rft.aulast=Pinkas&rft.aufirst=Binyamin&rft.au=Haber%2C+Stuart+A.&rft.au=Tarjan%2C+Robert+E.&rft.au=Sander%2C+Tomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect1%3DPTO1%26Sect2%3DHITOFF%26d%3DPALL%26p%3D1%26u%3D%252Fnetahtml%252FPTO%252Fsrchnum.htm%26r%3D1%26f%3DG%26l%3D50%26s1%3D8220036.PN.%26OS%3DPN%2F8220036%26RS%3DPN%2F8220036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarjan1983" class="citation book cs1">Tarjan, Robert E. (1983). <i>Data structures and network algorithms</i>. Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89871-187-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89871-187-5"><bdi>978-0-89871-187-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/10120539">10120539</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Data+structures+and+network+algorithms&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Society+for+Industrial+and+Applied+Mathematics&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F10120539&rft.isbn=978-0-89871-187-5&rft.aulast=Tarjan&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarjanPólya,_GeorgeWoods,_Donald_R.1983" class="citation book cs1">Tarjan, Robert E.; Pólya, George; Woods, Donald R. (1983). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/notesonintroduct00geor"><i>Notes on introductory combinatorics</i></a></span>. Boston: Birkhauser. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8176-3170-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8176-3170-3"><bdi>978-0-8176-3170-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/10018128">10018128</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notes+on+introductory+combinatorics&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Birkhauser&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F10018128&rft.isbn=978-0-8176-3170-3&rft.aulast=Tarjan&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rft.au=P%C3%B3lya%2C+George&rft.au=Woods%2C+Donald+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnotesonintroduct00geor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Tarjan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/search?q=au%3ARobert+E+Tarjan">OCLC entries</a> for Robert E Tarjan</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dblp.org/pid/t/RobertEndreTarjan">Robert E. Tarjan</a> at <a href="/wiki/DBLP" title="DBLP">DBLP</a> Bibliography Server <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92638#P2456" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tarjan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Robert_Tarjan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Robert Tarjan"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Robert Tarjan</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dblp.org/pid/t/RobertEndreTarjan">Robert E. Tarjan</a> at <a href="/wiki/DBLP" title="DBLP">DBLP</a> Bibliography Server <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92638#P2456" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipexl.com/directory/en/inventor/Tarjan_Robert_E_1.html">List of Robert Tarjan's patents on IPEXL's Patent Directory</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~ret/">Robert Tarjan's home page at Princeton</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=53460">Robert Endre Tarjan</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92638#P549" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kanellakis_Award_laureates" title="Template:Kanellakis Award laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kanellakis_Award_laureates" title="Template talk:Kanellakis Award laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kanellakis_Award_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kanellakis Award laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winners_of_the_Paris_Kanellakis_Theory_and_Practice_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Winners of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Kanellakis_Award" title="Paris Kanellakis Award">Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Adleman" title="Leonard Adleman">Adleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whitfield_Diffie" title="Whitfield Diffie">Diffie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Hellman" title="Martin Hellman">Hellman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Merkle" title="Ralph Merkle">Merkle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Rivest" title="Ron Rivest">Rivest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adi_Shamir" title="Adi Shamir">Shamir</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lempel" title="Abraham Lempel">Lempel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Ziv" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaakov Ziv">Ziv</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randal_Bryant" title="Randal Bryant">Bryant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmund_M._Clarke" title="Edmund M. Clarke">Clarke</a>, <a href="/wiki/E._Allen_Emerson" title="E. Allen Emerson">Emerson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_L._McMillan" title="Kenneth L. McMillan">McMillan</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sleator" title="Daniel Sleator">Sleator</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tarjan</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Karmarkar" title="Narendra Karmarkar">Karmarkar</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Myers" title="Eugene Myers">Myers</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Franaszek" title="Peter Franaszek">Franaszek</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Miller_(computer_scientist)" title="Gary Miller (computer scientist)">Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_O._Rabin" title="Michael O. Rabin">Rabin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Solovay" title="Robert M. Solovay">Solovay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volker_Strassen" title="Volker Strassen">Strassen</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoav_Freund" title="Yoav Freund">Freund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schapire" title="Robert Schapire">Schapire</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_J._Holzmann" title="Gerard J. Holzmann">Holzmann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kurshan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Kurshan (page does not exist)">Kurshan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Vardi" title="Moshe Vardi">Vardi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Wolper" title="Pierre Wolper">Wolper</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brayton" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Brayton">Brayton</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Buchberger" title="Bruno Buchberger">Buchberger</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinna_Cortes" title="Corinna Cortes">Cortes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vapnik" title="Vladimir Vapnik">Vapnik</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihir_Bellare" title="Mihir Bellare">Bellare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Rogaway" title="Phillip Rogaway">Rogaway</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Mehlhorn" title="Kurt Mehlhorn">Mehlhorn</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanan_Samet" title="Hanan Samet">Samet</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Broder" title="Andrei Broder">Broder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moses_Charikar" title="Moses Charikar">Charikar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piotr_Indyk" title="Piotr Indyk">Indyk</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_D._Blumofe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert D. Blumofe (page does not exist)">Blumofe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Leiserson" title="Charles E. Leiserson">Leiserson</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Demmel" title="James Demmel">Demmel</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Luby" title="Michael Luby">Luby</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Fiat" title="Amos Fiat">Fiat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moni_Naor" title="Moni Naor">Naor</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Shenker" title="Scott Shenker">Shenker</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_A._Pevzner" title="Pavel A. Pevzner">Pevzner</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noga_Alon" title="Noga Alon">Alon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Gibbons" title="Phillip Gibbons">Gibbons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yossi_Matias" title="Yossi Matias">Matias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Szegedy" title="Mario Szegedy">Szegedy</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yossi_Azar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yossi Azar (page does not exist)">Azar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Broder" title="Andrei Broder">Broder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anna_Karlin" title="Anna Karlin">Karlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Mitzenmacher" title="Michael Mitzenmacher">Mitzenmacher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eli_Upfal" title="Eli Upfal">Upfal</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avrim_Blum" title="Avrim Blum">Blum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irit_Dinur" title="Irit Dinur">Dinur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Dwork" title="Cynthia Dwork">Dwork</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_McSherry" title="Frank McSherry">McSherry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobbi_Nissim" title="Kobbi Nissim">Nissim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_D._Smith" title="Adam D. Smith">Smith</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Burrows" title="Michael Burrows">Burrows</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paolo_Ferragina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paolo Ferragina (page does not exist)">Ferragina</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Manzini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Manzini (page does not exist)">Manzini</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nevanlinna_Prize_winners" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nevanlinna_Prize_winners" title="Template:Nevanlinna Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nevanlinna_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:Nevanlinna Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nevanlinna_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nevanlinna Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nevanlinna_Prize_winners" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nevanlinna_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevanlinna Prize">Nevanlinna Prize</a> winners</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Tarjan</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Valiant" title="Leslie Valiant">Leslie Valiant</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Razborov" title="Alexander Razborov">Alexander Razborov</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avi_Wigderson" title="Avi Wigderson">Avi Wigderson</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shor" title="Peter Shor">Peter Shor</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhu_Sudan" title="Madhu Sudan">Madhu Sudan</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kleinberg" title="Jon Kleinberg">Jon Kleinberg</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Spielman" title="Daniel Spielman">Daniel Spielman</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhash_Khot" title="Subhash Khot">Subhash Khot</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantinos_Daskalakis" title="Constantinos Daskalakis">Constantinos Daskalakis</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Braverman_(mathematician)" title="Mark Braverman (mathematician)">Mark Braverman</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="A._M._Turing_Award_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turing_Award_laureates" title="Template:Turing Award laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turing_Award_laureates" title="Template talk:Turing Award laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turing_Award_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turing Award laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="A._M._Turing_Award_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">A. M. Turing Award</a> <a href="/wiki/Laureate" title="Laureate">laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Perlis" title="Alan Perlis">Alan Perlis</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkes" title="Maurice Wilkes">Maurice Vincent Wilkes</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hamming" title="Richard Hamming">Richard Hamming</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Minsky" title="Marvin Minsky">Marvin Minsky</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_H._Wilkinson" title="James H. Wilkinson">James H. Wilkinson</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_McCarthy_(computer_scientist)" title="John McCarthy (computer scientist)">John McCarthy</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edsger_W._Dijkstra" title="Edsger W. Dijkstra">Edsger W. Dijkstra</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bachman" title="Charles Bachman">Charles Bachman</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allen_Newell" title="Allen Newell">Allen Newell</a>; <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert A. Simon</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_O._Rabin" title="Michael O. Rabin">Michael O. Rabin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dana_Scott" title="Dana Scott">Dana Scott</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Backus" title="John Backus">John Backus</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Floyd" title="Robert W. Floyd">Robert W. Floyd</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._Iverson" title="Kenneth E. Iverson">Kenneth E. Iverson</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Hoare" title="Tony Hoare">Tony Hoare</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_F._Codd" title="Edgar F. Codd">Edgar F. Codd</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Cook" title="Stephen Cook">Stephen Cook</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Thompson" title="Ken Thompson">Ken Thompson</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie" title="Dennis Ritchie">Dennis Ritchie</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Niklaus_Wirth" title="Niklaus Wirth">Niklaus Wirth</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Karp" title="Richard M. Karp">Richard Karp</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Hopcroft" title="John Hopcroft">John Hopcroft</a>; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Tarjan</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Cocke_(computer_scientist)" title="John Cocke (computer scientist)">John Cocke</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Sutherland" title="Ivan Sutherland">Ivan Sutherland</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Kahan" title="William Kahan">William Kahan</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_J._Corbat%C3%B3" title="Fernando J. Corbató">Fernando J. Corbató</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Milner" title="Robin Milner">Robin Milner</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juris_Hartmanis" title="Juris Hartmanis">Juris Hartmanis</a>; <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Stearns" title="Richard E. Stearns">Richard E. Stearns</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Feigenbaum" title="Edward Feigenbaum">Edward Feigenbaum</a>; <a href="/wiki/Raj_Reddy" title="Raj Reddy">Raj Reddy</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Blum" title="Manuel Blum">Manuel Blum</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amir_Pnueli" title="Amir Pnueli">Amir Pnueli</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Engelbart" title="Douglas Engelbart">Douglas Engelbart</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gray_(computer_scientist)" title="Jim Gray (computer scientist)">Jim Gray</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Brooks" title="Fred Brooks">Fred Brooks</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Yao" title="Andrew Yao">Andrew Yao</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ole-Johan_Dahl" title="Ole-Johan Dahl">Ole-Johan Dahl</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Nygaard" title="Kristen Nygaard">Kristen Nygaard</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Rivest" title="Ron Rivest">Ron Rivest</a>; <a href="/wiki/Adi_Shamir" title="Adi Shamir">Adi Shamir</a>; <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Adleman" title="Leonard Adleman">Leonard Adleman</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Kay" title="Alan Kay">Alan Kay</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a>; <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kahn_(computer_scientist)" title="Robert Kahn (computer scientist)">Bob Kahn</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Naur" title="Peter Naur">Peter Naur</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Allen" title="Frances Allen">Frances Allen</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_M._Clarke" title="Edmund M. Clarke">Edmund M. Clarke</a>; <a href="/wiki/E._Allen_Emerson" title="E. Allen Emerson">E. Allen Emerson</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Sifakis" title="Joseph Sifakis">Joseph Sifakis</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Liskov" title="Barbara Liskov">Barbara Liskov</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Charles P. Thacker</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Valiant" title="Leslie Valiant">Leslie G. Valiant</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judea_Pearl" title="Judea Pearl">Judea Pearl</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shafi_Goldwasser" title="Shafi Goldwasser">Shafi Goldwasser</a>; <a href="/wiki/Silvio_Micali" title="Silvio Micali">Silvio Micali</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Lamport" title="Leslie Lamport">Leslie Lamport</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stonebraker" title="Michael Stonebraker">Michael Stonebraker</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Hellman" title="Martin Hellman">Martin Hellman</a>; <a href="/wiki/Whitfield_Diffie" title="Whitfield Diffie">Whitfield Diffie</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">John L. Hennessy</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Patterson_(computer_scientist)" title="David Patterson (computer scientist)">David Patterson</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yoshua_Bengio" title="Yoshua Bengio">Yoshua Bengio</a>; <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Geoffrey Hinton</a>; <a href="/wiki/Yann_LeCun" title="Yann LeCun">Yann LeCun</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Catmull" title="Edwin Catmull">Ed Catmull</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pat_Hanrahan" title="Pat Hanrahan">Pat Hanrahan</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Aho" title="Alfred Aho">Alfred Aho</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Ullman" title="Jeffrey Ullman">Jeffrey Ullman</a> (2020) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dongarra" title="Jack Dongarra">Jack Dongarra</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Avi_Wigderson" title="Avi Wigderson">Avi Wigderson</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92638#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92638#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92638#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109156552">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/73933029">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqqwdtrjpdmmdxRXKPCwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1070878286">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83163891">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12378112m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12378112m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00475953">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo2012695584&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p07010364X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90336469">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007442861705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058514992706706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01022698?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=53460">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/profile/81100645220">Association for Computing Machinery</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7005824748">Scopus</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:tarjan.robert-endre">zbMATH</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lazJixIAAAAJ">Google Scholar</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dblp.org/pid/t/RobertEndreTarjan">DBLP</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/170865">MathSciNet</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/846865">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/067738222">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6mx7670">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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