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<span>Water-saving basins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-saving_basins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navigational_channels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navigational_channels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Navigational channels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navigational_channels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maximum_operating_level_of_Gatun_Lake" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maximum_operating_level_of_Gatun_Lake"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Maximum operating level of Gatun Lake</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maximum_operating_level_of_Gatun_Lake-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction_timeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Construction timeline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction_timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Finances</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Finances-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Finances subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Estimated_cost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estimated_cost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Estimated cost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estimated_cost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estimated_profitability_and_financing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estimated_profitability_and_financing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Estimated profitability and financing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estimated_profitability_and_financing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Environmental impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Employment_generation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Employment_generation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Employment generation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Employment_generation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_support_of_the_project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_support_of_the_project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In support of the project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_support_of_the_project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Against_the_project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Against_the_project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Against the project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Against_the_project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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সম্প্রসারণ প্রকল্প" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampliaci%C3%B3_del_canal_de_Panam%C3%A0" title="Ampliació del canal de Panamà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ampliació del canal de Panamà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampliaci%C3%B3n_del_canal_de_Panam%C3%A1" title="Ampliación del canal de Panamá – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ampliación del canal de Panamá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89largissement_du_canal_de_Panama" title="Élargissement du canal de Panama – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élargissement du canal de Panama" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espansione_del_Canale_di_Panama" title="Espansione del Canale di Panama – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Espansione del Canale di Panama" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expans%C3%A3o_do_Canal_do_Panam%C3%A1" title="Expansão do Canal do Panamá – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Expansão do Canal do Panamá" data-language-autonym="Português" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2007–16 construction of larger locks on Panama Canal</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agua_Clara_Locks_09_2019_0822.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Agua_Clara_Locks_09_2019_0822.jpg/330px-Agua_Clara_Locks_09_2019_0822.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Agua_Clara_Locks_09_2019_0822.jpg/500px-Agua_Clara_Locks_09_2019_0822.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Agua_Clara_Locks_09_2019_0822.jpg/960px-Agua_Clara_Locks_09_2019_0822.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/New_Panamax" class="mw-redirect" title="New Panamax">New Panamax</a> ship passes through the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a>'s <i><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#The_project">Agua Clara</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Lock_(water_navigation)" title="Lock (water navigation)">lock</a> in 2019. The <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bridge,_Panama" title="Atlantic Bridge, Panama">Atlantic Bridge</a> is seen in the background.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Panama Canal expansion project</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">ampliación del Canal de Panamá</i>), also called the <b>Third Set of Locks Project</b>, doubled the capacity of the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a> by adding a new traffic lane, enabling more ships to transit the waterway, and increasing the width and depth of the lanes and locks, allowing larger ships to pass. The new ships, called <a href="/wiki/New_Panamax" class="mw-redirect" title="New Panamax">New Panamax</a>, are about one and a half times larger than the previous <a href="/wiki/Panamax" title="Panamax">Panamax</a> size and can carry over twice as much cargo. The expanded canal began commercial operation on 26 June 2016. </p><p>The project has: </p> <ul><li>Built two new sets of <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Locks" class="mw-redirect" title="Panama Canal Locks">locks</a>, one each on the Atlantic and Pacific sides, and excavated new channels to the new locks</li> <li>Widened and deepened existing channels</li> <li>Raised the maximum operating water level of <a href="/wiki/Gatun_Lake" title="Gatun Lake">Gatun Lake</a><sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Then-<a href="/wiki/Panamanian_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Panamanian President">Panamanian President</a> <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Torrijos" title="Martín Torrijos">Martín Torrijos</a> formally proposed the project on 24 April 2006, saying it would transform <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> into a <a href="/wiki/First_World" title="First World">First World</a> country. <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_expansion_referendum,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="Panama Canal expansion referendum, 2006">A national referendum</a> approved the proposal by a 76.8 percent majority on 22 October the same year, and the Cabinet and National Assembly followed suit. The project formally began in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was initially announced that the canal expansion would be completed by August 2014 to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the opening of the Panama Canal, but various setbacks, including strikes and disputes with the construction consortium over cost overruns, pushed the completion date back several times.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following additional difficulties including seepage from the new locks, the expansion was opened on 26 June 2016. The expansion doubled the canal's capacity. On 2 March 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Authority" title="Panama Canal Authority">Panama Canal Authority</a> announced that 3,000 <a href="/wiki/New_Panamax" class="mw-redirect" title="New Panamax">New Panamax</a> ships had crossed the canal expansion during its first 20 months of operation.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1264714646">.mw-parser-output .RMbox{box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.14),0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12),0 3px 1px -2px 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href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uWWSEL; HUBrg-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uWWSEL; HUBrg-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BSicon_uWWSEL.svg/20px-BSicon_uWWSEL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BSicon_uWWSEL.svg/40px-BSicon_uWWSEL.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="GRZq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUBa@f-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi">0</div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">Atlantic Entrance, <div class="RMsi">Manzanillo Bay Breakwater</div> </td></tr> <tr style="line-height:1"> <td colspan="7" style="padding:0 !important;background:#eeeeee"> <table class="RMcollapse mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl4"> </td> <td class="RMl"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLT"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/20px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/30px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/40px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KDSTa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BSicon_KDSTa.svg/20px-BSicon_KDSTa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BSicon_KDSTa.svg/40px-BSicon_KDSTa.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lDST; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lDST; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/20px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/40px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">8.7</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">5.4</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1;width:100%;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b><a href="/wiki/Col%C3%B3n,_Panama" title="Colón, Panama">Port of Colón</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal,_Col%C3%B3n" title="Cristóbal, Colón">Cristóbal (city)</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px 0 3px;text-align:right"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="padding-left:3px;font-size:90%;min-width:45px;"> </td></tr> <tr style="line-height:1"> <td colspan="7" style="padding:0 45px 0 0"><div style="position:relative"> <table class="RMreplace" style="background:#eeeeee"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl4"> </td> <td class="RMl"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLT"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/20px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/30px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/40px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KDSTa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BSicon_KDSTa.svg/20px-BSicon_KDSTa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BSicon_KDSTa.svg/40px-BSicon_KDSTa.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lDST; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lDST; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/20px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/40px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">8.7</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">5.4</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1;width:100%;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b><a href="/wiki/Col%C3%B3n,_Panama" title="Colón, Panama">Port of Colón</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal,_Col%C3%B3n" title="Cristóbal, Colón">Cristóbal (city)</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px 0 3px;text-align:right"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="RMr4"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; lDST~L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BSicon_lDST~L.svg/20px-BSicon_lDST~L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BSicon_lDST~L.svg/40px-BSicon_lDST~L.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; lDST~L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKg; lDST~R"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/BSicon_lDST~R.svg/20px-BSicon_lDST~R.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/BSicon_lDST~R.svg/30px-BSicon_lDST~R.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/BSicon_lDST~R.svg/40px-BSicon_lDST~R.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKg; lDST~R"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/BSicon_uDOCKg.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/BSicon_uDOCKg.svg/30px-BSicon_uDOCKg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/BSicon_uDOCKg.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLT"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/20px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/30px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/40px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi">Cruise terminal, <a href="/wiki/Manzanillo_International_Terminal" title="Manzanillo International Terminal">Manzanillo (MIT)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Col%C3%B3n_Free_Trade_Zone" title="Colón Free Trade Zone">Free Trade Zone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enrique_Adolfo_Jim%C3%A9nez_Airport" title="Enrique Adolfo Jiménez Airport">E.A. Jiménez Airport</a>,</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uFABZgl+l"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BSicon_uFABZgl%2Bl.svg/20px-BSicon_uFABZgl%2Bl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BSicon_uFABZgl%2Bl.svg/30px-BSicon_uFABZgl%2Bl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BSicon_uFABZgl%2Bl.svg/40px-BSicon_uFABZgl%2Bl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_uDOCKr.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_uDOCKr.svg/30px-BSicon_uDOCKr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_uDOCKr.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KBHFaq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/BSicon_KBHFaq.svg/20px-BSicon_KBHFaq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/BSicon_KBHFaq.svg/30px-BSicon_KBHFaq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/BSicon_KBHFaq.svg/40px-BSicon_KBHFaq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ABZg+r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/BSicon_ABZg%2Br.svg/20px-BSicon_ABZg%2Br.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/BSicon_ABZg%2Br.svg/30px-BSicon_ABZg%2Br.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/BSicon_ABZg%2Br.svg/40px-BSicon_ABZg%2Br.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><i>Atlantic</i> railway station; freight terminal</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUBlf-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; HUBlf-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUBe@g-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAoWq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BSicon_RAoWq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAoWq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BSicon_RAoWq.svg/30px-BSicon_RAoWq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BSicon_RAoWq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAoWq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSKRZ-Au"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/20px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/30px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/40px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="SKRZ-Au"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg/20px-BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg/30px-BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg/40px-BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bridge,_Panama" title="Atlantic Bridge, Panama">Atlantic Bridge</a> <div class="RMsi">(2019)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; uSTRl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_uSTRl.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_uSTRl.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_uSTRl.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; uSTRl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSPLa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/20px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/30px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/40px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uFGATEd"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uvLock3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/BSicon_uvLock3.svg/20px-BSicon_uvLock3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/BSicon_uvLock3.svg/40px-BSicon_uvLock3.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/20px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/30px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/40px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqrg; uFGATEd"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqrg; uFGATEd"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/20px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/30px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/40px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">1.9</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">1.2</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Gatun_Locks" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatun Locks">Gatún Locks</a></b> <div class="RMsi">3 chambers, +26 m (85 ft)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uvLock3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/BSicon_uvLock3.svg/20px-BSicon_uvLock3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/BSicon_uvLock3.svg/40px-BSicon_uvLock3.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/20px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/30px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/40px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqrg; uFGATEd"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqrg; uFGATEd"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/20px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/30px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/40px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#The_project">Agua Clara Locks</a></b> <div class="RMsi">(2016) 3 chambers, 3 water saving basins each</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSPLe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/20px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/30px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/40px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/20px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/30px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg/40px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqrg; uFGATEd"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BSicon_uFGATEd.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEd.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqrg; uFGATEd"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/20px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/30px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg/40px-BSicon_WFEEDERqrg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; uSTR+l"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; uSTR+l"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_uSTRr.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_uSTRr.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_uSTRr.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; lvNULg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_lvNULg.svg/20px-BSicon_lvNULg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_lvNULg.svg/40px-BSicon_lvNULg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSER; lvNULg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BSicon_WASSER.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSER.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="vDSTR-c2; uexlDST; lELC"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/BSicon_uexlDST.svg/20px-BSicon_uexlDST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/BSicon_uexlDST.svg/40px-BSicon_uexlDST.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="vDSTR-c2; uexlDST; lELC"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/BSicon_lELC.svg/20px-BSicon_lELC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/BSicon_lELC.svg/40px-BSicon_lELC.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="vDSTR-c2; uexlDST; lELC"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/BSicon_vDSTR-c2.svg/20px-BSicon_vDSTR-c2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/BSicon_vDSTR-c2.svg/30px-BSicon_vDSTR-c2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/BSicon_vDSTR-c2.svg/40px-BSicon_vDSTR-c2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="vDKSTRe~RRq; lvNULg; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_lvNULg.svg/20px-BSicon_lvNULg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_lvNULg.svg/40px-BSicon_lvNULg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="vDKSTRe~RRq; lvNULg; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="vDKSTRe~RRq; lvNULg; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_vDKSTRe~RRq.svg/20px-BSicon_vDKSTRe~RRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_vDKSTRe~RRq.svg/30px-BSicon_vDKSTRe~RRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_vDKSTRe~RRq.svg/40px-BSicon_vDKSTRe~RRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_WASSERl.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSERl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_WASSERl.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSERl.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PORTALl; exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PORTALl; exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/BSicon_PORTALl.svg/20px-BSicon_PORTALl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/BSicon_PORTALl.svg/30px-BSicon_PORTALl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/BSicon_PORTALl.svg/40px-BSicon_PORTALl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSa; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSa; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BSicon_uexDOCKSa.svg/20px-BSicon_uexDOCKSa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BSicon_uexDOCKSa.svg/30px-BSicon_uexDOCKSa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BSicon_uexDOCKSa.svg/40px-BSicon_uexDOCKSa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Gat%C3%BAn_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatún Dam">Gatún Dam</a>, <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Chagres_River" title="Chagres River">Chagres River</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Panama#Hydroelectric" title="List of power stations in Panama"> hydroelectric power</a> (22.5 MW),<sup id="cite_ref-industcards.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-industcards.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> spillway</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="vDSTR~LL"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/BSicon_vDSTR~LL.svg/20px-BSicon_vDSTR~LL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/BSicon_vDSTR~LL.svg/30px-BSicon_vDSTR~LL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/BSicon_vDSTR~LL.svg/40px-BSicon_vDSTR~LL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSm; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSm; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/30px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="DSTRa@g"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/BSicon_DSTRa%40g.svg/20px-BSicon_DSTRa%40g.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/BSicon_DSTRa%40g.svg/30px-BSicon_DSTRa%40g.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/BSicon_DSTRa%40g.svg/40px-BSicon_DSTRa%40g.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">24.2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">15.0</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Gat%C3%BAn_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatún Lake">Gatún Lake</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSm; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSm; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/30px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERq; lvNULgq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BSicon_lvNULgq.svg/20px-BSicon_lvNULgq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BSicon_lvNULgq.svg/30px-BSicon_lvNULgq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BSicon_lvNULgq.svg/40px-BSicon_lvNULgq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERq; lvNULgq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="hKRZW"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/BSicon_hKRZW.svg/20px-BSicon_hKRZW.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/BSicon_hKRZW.svg/30px-BSicon_hKRZW.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/BSicon_hKRZW.svg/40px-BSicon_hKRZW.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Gat%C3%BAn_River" title="Gatún River">Gatún River</a>, causeway, Monte Lirio railway bridge</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSm; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSm; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/30px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uexDOCKSm.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="DSTRe@f"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/BSicon_DSTRe%40f.svg/20px-BSicon_DSTRe%40f.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/BSicon_DSTRe%40f.svg/30px-BSicon_DSTRe%40f.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/BSicon_DSTRe%40f.svg/40px-BSicon_DSTRe%40f.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSe; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexDOCKSe; uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_uexDOCKSe.svg/20px-BSicon_uexDOCKSe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_uexDOCKSe.svg/40px-BSicon_uexDOCKSe.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; lv-DST"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/BSicon_lv-DST.svg/20px-BSicon_lv-DST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/BSicon_lv-DST.svg/30px-BSicon_lv-DST.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/BSicon_lv-DST.svg/40px-BSicon_lv-DST.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; lv-DST"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">8.5</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">5.3</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Gamboa,_Panama" title="Gamboa, Panama">Gamboa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueFABZgl+l"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_ueFABZgl%2Bl.svg/20px-BSicon_ueFABZgl%2Bl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_ueFABZgl%2Bl.svg/30px-BSicon_ueFABZgl%2Bl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_ueFABZgl%2Bl.svg/40px-BSicon_ueFABZgl%2Bl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_uexWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERq; lvNULgq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BSicon_lvNULgq.svg/20px-BSicon_lvNULgq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BSicon_lvNULgq.svg/30px-BSicon_lvNULgq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BSicon_lvNULgq.svg/40px-BSicon_lvNULgq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERq; lvNULgq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="hKRZWae"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/BSicon_hKRZWae.svg/20px-BSicon_hKRZWae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/BSicon_hKRZWae.svg/40px-BSicon_hKRZWae.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexRESVl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BSicon_uexRESVl.svg/20px-BSicon_uexRESVl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BSicon_uexRESVl.svg/30px-BSicon_uexRESVl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BSicon_uexRESVl.svg/40px-BSicon_uexRESVl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Chagres_River" title="Chagres River">Chagres River</a>, <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Madden_Dam" title="Madden Dam">Madden Dam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alajuela_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Alajuela Lake">Alajuela Lake</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; lvNULf"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_lvNULf.svg/20px-BSicon_lvNULf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_lvNULf.svg/30px-BSicon_lvNULf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_lvNULf.svg/40px-BSicon_lvNULf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; lvNULf"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexlDST; lELC"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/BSicon_lELC.svg/20px-BSicon_lELC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/BSicon_lELC.svg/40px-BSicon_lELC.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexlDST; lELC"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/BSicon_uexlDST.svg/20px-BSicon_uexlDST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/BSicon_uexlDST.svg/40px-BSicon_uexlDST.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Panama#Hydroelectric" title="List of power stations in Panama">hydroelectric power</a> (36 MW)<sup id="cite_ref-industcards.com_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-industcards.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uCSTRa@g"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_uCSTRa%40g.svg/20px-BSicon_uCSTRa%40g.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_uCSTRa%40g.svg/30px-BSicon_uCSTRa%40g.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_uCSTRa%40g.svg/40px-BSicon_uCSTRa%40g.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">12.6</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">7.8</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Culebra_Cut" title="Culebra Cut">Culebra Cut</a></b> <div class="RMsi">(Gaillard Cut)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq; uCSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/BSicon_uCSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uCSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/BSicon_uCSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uCSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/BSicon_uCSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uCSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq; uCSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq; lGIPl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/BSicon_lGIPl.svg/20px-BSicon_lGIPl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/BSicon_lGIPl.svg/30px-BSicon_lGIPl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/BSicon_lGIPl.svg/40px-BSicon_lGIPl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq; lGIPl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq; STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq; STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WGRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_WGRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_WGRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_of_the_Americas" title="Continental Divide of the Americas">Continental watershed</a>, summit</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uCSTRe@f; uSKRZ-Au"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/20px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/30px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/40px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uCSTRe@f; uSKRZ-Au"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BSicon_uCSTRe%40f.svg/20px-BSicon_uCSTRe%40f.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BSicon_uCSTRe%40f.svg/30px-BSicon_uCSTRe%40f.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BSicon_uCSTRe%40f.svg/40px-BSicon_uCSTRe%40f.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="SKRZ-Au"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg/20px-BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg/30px-BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg/40px-BSicon_SKRZ-Au.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RA+r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/BSicon_RA%2Br.svg/20px-BSicon_RA%2Br.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/BSicon_RA%2Br.svg/40px-BSicon_RA%2Br.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Bridge,_Panama" title="Centennial Bridge, Panama">Centennial Bridge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pan-American_Highway" title="Pan-American Highway">Pan-American Highway</a>, via Panama City)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+l"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2Bl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRr; uSPLa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/20px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/30px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/40px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRr; uSPLa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_uSTRr.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_uSTRr.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_uSTRr.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uFGATEu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/30px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uvLock5"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/BSicon_uvLock5.svg/20px-BSicon_uvLock5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/BSicon_uvLock5.svg/30px-BSicon_uvLock5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/BSicon_uvLock5.svg/40px-BSicon_uvLock5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">1.4</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">0.9</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Miguel_Locks" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedro Miguel Locks">Pedro Miguel Locks</a></b> <div class="RMsi">1 chamber, +9.5 m (31 ft)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqlg; uFGATEu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/30px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqlg; uFGATEu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg/20px-BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg/40px-BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/20px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/30px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/40px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSPLe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/20px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/30px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/40px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#The_project">Cocolí Locks</a></b> <div class="RMsi">(2016) 3 chambers, 3 water saving basins each</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqlg; uFGATEu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/30px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqlg; uFGATEu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg/20px-BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg/40px-BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/20px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/30px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/40px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uBHF"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/BSicon_uBHF.svg/20px-BSicon_uBHF.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/BSicon_uBHF.svg/30px-BSicon_uBHF.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/BSicon_uBHF.svg/40px-BSicon_uBHF.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="TUNNEL1"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/BSicon_TUNNEL1.svg/20px-BSicon_TUNNEL1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/BSicon_TUNNEL1.svg/30px-BSicon_TUNNEL1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/BSicon_TUNNEL1.svg/40px-BSicon_TUNNEL1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">1.7</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">1.1</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Miraflores_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Miraflores Lake">Miraflores Lake</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqlg; uFGATEu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/20px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/30px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_uFGATEu.svg/40px-BSicon_uFGATEu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WFEEDERqlg; uFGATEu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg/20px-BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg/40px-BSicon_WFEEDERqlg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/20px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/30px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg/40px-BSicon_uPANAMACANAL-BASINSl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexSTRl; uSPLa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/20px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/30px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/BSicon_uSPLa.svg/40px-BSicon_uSPLa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexSTRl; uSPLa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/BSicon_uexSTRl.svg/20px-BSicon_uexSTRl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/BSicon_uexSTRl.svg/30px-BSicon_uexSTRl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/BSicon_uexSTRl.svg/40px-BSicon_uexSTRl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexSTR+r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/BSicon_uexSTR%2Br.svg/20px-BSicon_uexSTR%2Br.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/BSicon_uexSTR%2Br.svg/30px-BSicon_uexSTR%2Br.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/BSicon_uexSTR%2Br.svg/40px-BSicon_uexSTR%2Br.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uvSTAIRg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/BSicon_uvSTAIRg.svg/20px-BSicon_uvSTAIRg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/BSicon_uvSTAIRg.svg/30px-BSicon_uvSTAIRg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/BSicon_uvSTAIRg.svg/40px-BSicon_uvSTAIRg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uxWEIRg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/20px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/40px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">1.7</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">1.1</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Miraflores_Locks" class="mw-redirect" title="Miraflores Locks">Miraflores Locks</a></b> <div class="RMsi">2 chambers, +16.5 m (54 ft); spillway</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRl; HUBrg-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBrg-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRl; HUBrg-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_uSTRl.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_uSTRl.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BSicon_uSTRl.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+r; HUB-Rq; uexSTR+l; uSPLe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+r; HUB-Rq; uexSTR+l; uSPLe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/BSicon_uexSTR%2Bl.svg/20px-BSicon_uexSTR%2Bl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/BSicon_uexSTR%2Bl.svg/40px-BSicon_uexSTR%2Bl.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+r; HUB-Rq; uexSTR+l; uSPLe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/20px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/30px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BSicon_uSPLe.svg/40px-BSicon_uSPLe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+r; HUB-Rq; uexSTR+l; uSPLe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2Br.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexSTRr; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uexSTRr; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/BSicon_uexSTRr.svg/20px-BSicon_uexSTRr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/BSicon_uexSTRr.svg/40px-BSicon_uexSTRr.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Rq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="STR; HUB-Rq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/20px-BSicon_STR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_STR.svg/40px-BSicon_STR.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUBa@f-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBa%40f-L.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr style="line-height:1"> <td colspan="7" style="padding:0 !important;background:#eeeeee"> <table class="RMcollapse mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl4"> </td> <td class="RMl"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLTl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BSicon_PLTl.svg/20px-BSicon_PLTl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BSicon_PLTl.svg/30px-BSicon_PLTl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BSicon_PLTl.svg/40px-BSicon_PLTl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLT"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/20px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/30px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/40px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KDSTe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BSicon_KDSTe.svg/20px-BSicon_KDSTe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BSicon_KDSTe.svg/40px-BSicon_KDSTe.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">13.2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">8.2</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1;width:100%;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Balboa,_Panama#Port_of_Balboa" title="Balboa, Panama"><b>Port of Balboa</b></a>, <a href="/wiki/Balboa,_Panama" title="Balboa, Panama">Balboa (city)</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px 0 3px;text-align:right"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="padding-left:3px;font-size:90%;min-width:45px;"> </td></tr> <tr style="line-height:1"> <td colspan="7" style="padding:0 45px 0 0"><div style="position:relative"> <table class="RMreplace" style="background:#eeeeee"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl4"> </td> <td class="RMl"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lvDST@F-"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BSicon_lvDST%40F-.svg/20px-BSicon_lvDST%40F-.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BSicon_lvDST%40F-.svg/30px-BSicon_lvDST%40F-.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BSicon_lvDST%40F-.svg/40px-BSicon_lvDST%40F-.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="BHF"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/BSicon_BHF.svg/20px-BSicon_BHF.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/BSicon_BHF.svg/30px-BSicon_BHF.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/BSicon_BHF.svg/40px-BSicon_BHF.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="FLUG; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="FLUG; HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/20px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/30px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/40px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">13.2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">8.2</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1;width:100%;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Balboa,_Panama#Port_of_Balboa" title="Balboa, Panama"><b>Port of Balboa</b></a>, <a href="/wiki/Balboa,_Panama" title="Balboa, Panama">Balboa (city)</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px 0 3px;text-align:right"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="RMr4"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLTl"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BSicon_PLTl.svg/20px-BSicon_PLTl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BSicon_PLTl.svg/30px-BSicon_PLTl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BSicon_PLTl.svg/40px-BSicon_PLTl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKSm"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKSm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLT"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/20px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/30px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/40px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KDSTe"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BSicon_KDSTe.svg/20px-BSicon_KDSTe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BSicon_KDSTe.svg/40px-BSicon_KDSTe.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Diablo,_Panama" title="Diablo, Panama">Diablo (hamlet)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albrook_%22Marcos_A._Gelabert%22_International_Airport" title="Albrook "Marcos A. Gelabert" International Airport">M.A. Gelabert Airport</a>,</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLTa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_PLTa.svg/20px-BSicon_PLTa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_PLTa.svg/30px-BSicon_PLTa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_PLTa.svg/40px-BSicon_PLTa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLTa; lv-DST"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/BSicon_lv-DST.svg/20px-BSicon_lv-DST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/BSicon_lv-DST.svg/30px-BSicon_lv-DST.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/BSicon_lv-DST.svg/40px-BSicon_lv-DST.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLTa; lv-DST"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_PLTa.svg/20px-BSicon_PLTa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_PLTa.svg/30px-BSicon_PLTa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_PLTa.svg/40px-BSicon_PLTa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="HUB-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_HUB-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><i>Corozal</i> railway station; freight terminal</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUBlf-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBlf-L.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUBlf-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSKRZ-Au; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSKRZ-Au; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/20px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/30px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg/40px-BSicon_uSKRZ-Au.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/20px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg/40px-BSicon_HUB-Lq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="RAq; HUB-Lq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/20px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BSicon_RAq.svg/40px-BSicon_RAq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lDST; HUBe@g-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg/20px-BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg/30px-BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg/40px-BSicon_HUBe%40g-L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lDST; HUBe@g-L"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/20px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/40px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">total</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_the_Americas" title="Bridge of the Americas">Bridge of the Americas</a> (Arraiján–<a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama City</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="GRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR; GRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/BSicon_uSTR.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="GRZq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/20px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/30px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BSicon_GRZq.svg/40px-BSicon_GRZq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1264714646" /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;border-bottom:1px solid gray;font-size:inherit">77.1</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">47.9</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">Pacific Entrance </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir" style="background:#003399"><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a></b> <div class="RMsi">(<a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Panama" title="Gulf of Panama">Gulf of Panama</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 3px 0 0;"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="padding:0 0 0 3px;min-width:45px;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 5px solid var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, f8f9fa);border-bottom: 5px solid var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, f8f9fa);padding:3px 5px;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#252525;background:#EEEEEE"><div style="margin:0;font-size:113.63636363636%">Legend</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0px 6px 6px"> <table class="nogrid routemap" style="font-size:107.95454545455%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">Navigable canal <div class="RMsi">(maximum draft: 39.5 feet (12.0 m))</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WASSERq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/20px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BSicon_WASSERq.svg/40px-BSicon_WASSERq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">Non-navigable water </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uDOCKr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_uDOCKr.svg/20px-BSicon_uDOCKr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_uDOCKr.svg/30px-BSicon_uDOCKr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_uDOCKr.svg/40px-BSicon_uDOCKr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="PLT"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/20px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/30px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_PLT.svg/40px-BSicon_PLT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">Dock, industrial or logistical area </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lvNULf"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_lvNULf.svg/20px-BSicon_lvNULf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_lvNULf.svg/30px-BSicon_lvNULf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BSicon_lvNULf.svg/40px-BSicon_lvNULf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">Water flow direction </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="BHFq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/BSicon_BHFq.svg/20px-BSicon_BHFq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/BSicon_BHFq.svg/30px-BSicon_BHFq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/BSicon_BHFq.svg/40px-BSicon_BHFq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KDSTeq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_KDSTeq.svg/20px-BSicon_KDSTeq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BSicon_KDSTeq.svg/40px-BSicon_KDSTeq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Railway#2001_reconstruction" title="Panama Canal Railway">Panama Canal Railway</a> (passenger station, freight station) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="lDST"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/20px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/BSicon_lDST.svg/40px-BSicon_lDST.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">City, village or town </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 3px 0 0;"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="padding:0 0 0 3px;width:3.375em;min-width:3.375em;min-width:45px;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ships_queueing_Panama_Canal_05_2013_Pacific_side_6375.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ships_queueing_Panama_Canal_05_2013_Pacific_side_6375.JPG/260px-Ships_queueing_Panama_Canal_05_2013_Pacific_side_6375.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ships_queueing_Panama_Canal_05_2013_Pacific_side_6375.JPG/390px-Ships_queueing_Panama_Canal_05_2013_Pacific_side_6375.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ships_queueing_Panama_Canal_05_2013_Pacific_side_6375.JPG/520px-Ships_queueing_Panama_Canal_05_2013_Pacific_side_6375.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4246" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>The Panama Canal has been working at full capacity for several years. Shown above are several dozen vessels queuing at the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> waiting to enter the canal in 2013.</figcaption></figure> <p>The original <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a> had limited capacity determined by operational times and cycles of the existing <a href="/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lock (water transport)">locks</a> and was further constrained by the current trend towards larger (close to <a href="/wiki/Panamax" title="Panamax">Panamax</a>-sized) vessels transiting the <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canal</a>, requiring more transit time in the locks and channels. Also, periodic maintenance on the aging canal required shutdowns of the <a href="/wiki/Waterway" title="Waterway">waterway</a>. Demand was growing due to the growth of <a href="/wiki/International_trade" title="International trade">international trade</a>, and many users required a guaranteed level of service. Despite the gains which have been made in efficiency, the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Authority" title="Panama Canal Authority">Panama Canal Authority</a> (ACP) estimated that the canal would reach its maximum sustainable capacity between 2009 and 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long-term solution for the congestion was the expansion of the canal with a third set of locks. </p><p>The size of ships that could transit the canal, called <a href="/wiki/Panamax" title="Panamax">Panamax</a>, was constrained by the size of the <a href="/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lock (water transport)">locks</a>, which are 110 ft (33.53 m) wide and 1,050 ft (320.04 m) long, and 41.2 ft (12.56 m) deep. The third set of locks allow transit of larger, <a href="/wiki/Post-Panamax" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Panamax">Post-Panamax</a> ships, which have a greater cargo capacity than the current locks can handle. The new lock chambers are 180 ft (54.86 m) wide, 1,400 ft (426.72 m) long, and 60 ft (18.29 m) deep. These dimensions allow for an estimated 79% of all cargo-carrying vessels to transit the canal, up from 45%.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All of the canal-widening studies since the 1930s determined that the best way to increase canal capacity was by building a third set of locks larger than the 1914 locks. The US began excavations for new locks in 1939, but abandoned them in 1942 because of the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This conclusion was again reached in the 1980s by the tripartite commission formed by <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>, Japan, and the US. More recently, the studies developed by the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Authority" title="Panama Canal Authority">Panama Canal Authority</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Autoridad del Canal de Panamá (ACP)</i>) for its 2025 master plan confirm that a third, larger set of locks is the most suitable, profitable, and environmentally responsible option.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>President <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Torrijos" title="Martín Torrijos">Martín Torrijos</a>, in a 24 April 2006 speech announcing the project, said that the canal "is like our 'petroleum'. Just like the petroleum that has not been extracted is worthless and that in order to extract it you have to invest in infrastructure, the canal requires to expand its capacity to absorb the growing demand of cargo and generate more wealth for Panamanians".<sup id="cite_ref-Washington_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Washington-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the canal expansion was being completed, and considering the high operational costs of the vessels, the long queues that occur during the high season December through March (sometimes up to a seven-day delay), and the high value of some of the cargo transported through the canal, the ACP implemented a <a href="/wiki/Congestion_pricing#Panama_Canal_booking_system_and_auction" title="Congestion pricing">Transit Booking System and Transit Slot Auction</a> to allow a better management of the scarce capacity available and to increase the level of service offered to the shipping companies. The scheme gives users two choices: (1) transit by order of arrival on a <a href="/wiki/First-come,_first-served" class="mw-redirect" title="First-come, first-served">first-come, first-served</a> basis, as the canal historically has operated; or (2) booked service for a fee – a congestion charge. The booked service allows two options of fees. The Transit Booking System, available online, allowing customers who do not want to wait in queue to pay an additional 15% over the regular tolls, guaranteeing a specific day for transit and crossing the canal in 18 hours or less. ACP sells 24 of these daily slots up to 365 days in advance. Since 2006, ACP has made available a 25th slot, sold through the Transit Slot Auction to the highest bidder.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second choice is high priority transit. The main customers of the Transit Booking System are <a href="/wiki/Cruise_ship" title="Cruise ship">cruise ships</a>, <a href="/wiki/Container_ship" title="Container ship">container ships</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Vehicle carrier">vehicle carriers</a>, and non-containerized cargo vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cargo_volume">Cargo volume</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cargo volume"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Panama Canal Authority predicts that the volume of cargo transiting the canal will grow by an average of 3% per year, doubling the 2005 tonnage by 2025. Allowing larger vessels to transit the canal will move more cargo per transit and volume of water used. </p><p>Historically, the dry and liquid bulk segments have generated most of the canal's revenues. Bulk cargo includes dry goods, such as grains (<a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soy" class="mw-redirect" title="Soy">soy</a>, and wheat, among others), minerals, <a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">fertilizers</a>, coal, and liquid goods, such as chemical products, <a href="/wiki/Propane_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Propane gas">propane gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crude_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Crude oil">crude oil</a>, and oil derivatives. Recently, <a href="/wiki/Containerized" class="mw-redirect" title="Containerized">containerized</a> cargo has replaced dry bulk as the canal's main income generator, moving it to second place. Vehicle carriers have become the third-largest income generator, replacing the liquid bulk segment. Shipping industry analyses conducted by the ACP and top industry experts indicate that the canal expansion will be beneficial to both the canal and its users because of the demand that will be served by allowing the transit of more tonnage.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The growth in usage of the Panama Canal over the past few years has been almost entirely driven by increased US imports from China passing through the canal en route to ports on the US East and Gulf coasts. But it is increasingly recognized in both the US and China that this imbalance in trade is unsustainable and will be reduced via some sort of adjustment in the coming years<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (although such an imbalance need not be made up by physically shipped goods, but could be made by other trade such as intellectual property as China upgrades its intellectual property protection laws). The ACP, however, presumes that trade will continue to grow for a generation as it has for the past several years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>One of the central points made by critics of canal expansion, most prominently former canal administrator Fernando Manfredo, is that it is unrealistic to attempt to predict canal usage trends over a generation, improbable to expect that US imports from China will continue to grow for a generation as they have the past few years, and irresponsible to bet Panama's financial future on such a projection.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Competition">Competition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Competition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Container_ship_routes_to_America.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Container_ship_routes_to_America.png/260px-Container_ship_routes_to_America.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Container_ship_routes_to_America.png/390px-Container_ship_routes_to_America.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Container_ship_routes_to_America.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>Container ship routes to North America from <a href="/wiki/Asian_Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian Pacific">Asian Pacific</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>The most direct competition to the canal comes from alternative routes that present options for transporting cargo between the same points of origin and destination. </p><p>The opening of the Russian <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sea_Route" title="Northern Sea Route">Northern Sea Route</a> and the Canadian <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Passage" title="Northwest Passage">Northwest Passage</a> to commercial traffic could pose an alternative to the canal in the long term. Warmer waters in the Arctic Ocean could open the passage for an increasing number of months each year, making it more attractive as a major shipping route. However, the passage through the Arctic would require significant investment in escort vessels and staging ports. The Canadian commercial marine transport industry does not anticipate that this route will be a viable alternative to the Panama Canal within the next 10 to 20 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Arctic_Marine_Transport_Workshop_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arctic_Marine_Transport_Workshop-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The two main current competitors of the Panama Canal are the US <a href="/wiki/Intermodal_freight_transport" title="Intermodal freight transport">intermodal</a> system and the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a>. The main ports and merchandise distribution centers in these routes are investing in capacity, location, and maritime and land infrastructure to serve <a href="/wiki/Panamax" title="Panamax">post-Panamax</a> <a href="/wiki/Container_ship" title="Container ship">container ships</a> and their larger cargo volumes. According to the ACP, the growing usage of such ships in transcontinental routes competing with the canal is irreversible. It was estimated that by 2011 approximately 37% of the capacity of the world's container ship fleet would consist of vessels that did not fit through the canal, as it existed prior to 2016, and a great part of this fleet could be used on routes that compete with Panama.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The proposal states that strengthening the canal's competitive position will allow it to accommodate demand and serve its customers. If the canal had the capacity to serve the growing demand, Panama could become the most important connectivity hub on the continent by joining north–south continental routes and east–west transcontinental routes. Accordingly, the canal will continue to be viable and competitive in all of its routes and segments, and contribute significantly to Panama's development and growth while maintaining its position as a major world trade route.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predictions">Predictions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Predictions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the studies conducted by the ACP in 2005, the canal would reach its maximum sustainable capacity between 2009 and 2012. When it reached this capacity it would not be able to continue to handle growth in demand, resulting in a reduction in the competitiveness of the <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> maritime route. </p><p>As approved by the Panamanian people, construction for the expansion project was slated to conclude by April 2016. The ACP said it would use all possible means to stretch capacity until the construction was completed. </p><p>The proposed expansion of the canal by the construction of a third set of locks would allow it to capture the entire demand projected through 2025 and beyond. Together, the existing and new locks approximately double the capacity of the canal.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Critics such as former legislator Keith Holder, co-author of the legislation that created the ACP, pointed out that canal usage is seasonal and that even during the few months when it is most crowded, the bottleneck that slows traffic is not the locks but the narrow <a href="/wiki/Culebra_Cut" title="Culebra Cut">Culebra Cut</a>, which has a limited capacity for large ships to pass one another.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the canal was nearing its maximum capacity, it did not mean that ships were unable to transit it. Rather, the canal's growth capacity stagnated and that it could not capture additional cargo volumes.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The former head of the Panama Canal's dredging division, Thomas Drohan, a critic of the expansion plan, discounted allegations that this is a problem in the short term. He argued that if the supply of any good or service becomes short, businesses can raise their prices; this would apply to Panama Canal tolls as much as it does to petroleum.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_project">The project</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gatun_Locks_03_2014_Panama_Canal_7820.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gatun_Locks_03_2014_Panama_Canal_7820.JPG/330px-Gatun_Locks_03_2014_Panama_Canal_7820.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gatun_Locks_03_2014_Panama_Canal_7820.JPG/500px-Gatun_Locks_03_2014_Panama_Canal_7820.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gatun_Locks_03_2014_Panama_Canal_7820.JPG/960px-Gatun_Locks_03_2014_Panama_Canal_7820.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of <a href="/wiki/Gatun_Locks" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatun Locks">Gatun Locks</a>. At top, several vessels in <a href="/wiki/Gatun_Lake" title="Gatun Lake">Gatun Lake</a> wait to cross the locks. At bottom, is the exit canal to the Atlantic Ocean. At left of the existing locks is the construction area for the new locks and <a href="/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)#Water_saving_basins" class="mw-redirect" title="Lock (water transport)">water-saving chambers</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Locks">Locks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Locks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original canal has <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Locks" class="mw-redirect" title="Panama Canal Locks">two lanes</a>, each with its own set of locks. The expansion project added a third lane through the construction of lock complexes at each end of the canal. One lock complex is located on the Pacific side, southwest of the existing Miraflores Locks. The other is located east of the existing Gatun Locks. Each of these new lock complexes have three consecutive chambers designed to move <a href="/wiki/Ship" title="Ship">vessels</a> from sea level to the level of <a href="/wiki/Gatun_Lake" title="Gatun Lake">Gatun Lake</a> and back down again.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each chamber has three lateral water-saving basins, for a total of nine basins per lock and 18 basins in total. Just like the original locks, the new locks and their basins will be filled and emptied by <a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a>, without the use of <a href="/wiki/Pumps" class="mw-redirect" title="Pumps">pumps</a>. The location of the new locks uses part of the area <a href="/wiki/Earthworks_(engineering)" title="Earthworks (engineering)">excavated</a> by the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Panama_Canal#The_Third_Locks_Scheme_(1939)" title="History of the Panama Canal">United States in 1939</a> and suspended in 1942 because of World War II. The new locks are connected to the existing channel system through new navigational <a href="/wiki/Channel_(geography)" title="Channel (geography)">channels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new lock chambers are 427 m (1,401 ft) long, 55 m (180 ft) wide, and 18.3 m (60 ft) deep. They use rolling gates instead of miter gates, which are used by the original locks. Rolling gates are used in almost all existing locks with dimensions similar to the new ones, and are a proven technology. The new locks use <a href="/wiki/Tugboat" title="Tugboat">tugboats</a> to position the vessels instead of <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Locks#Mules" class="mw-redirect" title="Panama Canal Locks">electric locomotives</a>. As with rolling gates, tugs are successfully and widely used for these purposes in locks of similar dimensions.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water-saving_basins">Water-saving basins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Water-saving basins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Water-saving_lock_downwards.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Water-saving_lock_downwards.svg/250px-Water-saving_lock_downwards.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Water-saving_lock_downwards.svg/330px-Water-saving_lock_downwards.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Water-saving_lock_downwards.svg/500px-Water-saving_lock_downwards.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of water-saving basins (descending)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Water_saving_lock_up.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Water_saving_lock_up.svg/220px-Water_saving_lock_up.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Water_saving_lock_up.svg/330px-Water_saving_lock_up.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Water_saving_lock_up.svg/440px-Water_saving_lock_up.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of water-saving basins (ascending)</figcaption></figure> <p>The new locks have <a href="/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)#Water_saving_basins" class="mw-redirect" title="Lock (water transport)">water-saving basins</a> to reduce the volume of water that is needed in lock operation.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The operation of both the old and new locks uses gravity and valves. There is no pumping involved. </p><p>Operation of the locks, old and new, uses water from Gatun Lake. Even in the original situation with two lock lanes, water supply can be limited at the end of Panama's dry season, when the lake's water level is low. The addition of a third set of locks meant that this water supply issue needed to be addressed. </p><p>For the new locks, three basins are associated with each lock chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The volume lost per cycle is two-fifths of the "moving water" chamber volume. The other three-fifths is reused. An equal savings of water, based on the same principle, could be reached by adding more lock chambers. Constructing a stair of eight chambers (instead of three) to elevate 85 ft (26 m) would use an 11 ft (3.25 m) water slice per cycle. However, this would require ships to travel through eight locks, making ship handling less efficient. </p><p>Water usage is calculated per single lock cycle. It is determined by the water volume in a lock chamber between the levels it handles. Essentially, each cycle uses the volume of water discharged by the lock chamber (its width multiplied by its height and depth). When the locks are in stairs, as in the Panama Canal, only the first (highest) lock chamber matters for this calculation. None of the lower locks use additional water; they have the same volume. The ship's underwater volume does not matter, because that volume is present both before and after the change in water level and thus is part of the non-moved volume. </p><p>The water used per lock operating cycle is therefore equal to the amount of water that flows into the first (upper) lock chamber when filling it from Gatun Lake. Reducing this volume requires reducing the chamber's width, length, or elevating height. Note that the elevating height has already been reduced by staging the total 85 ft (26 m) elevation change into three locks. Were this change done in a single lock chamber, the water volume lost would be three times as much. </p><p>The water-saving basins function as follows: The volume of water moved by the lock chamber (e.g., a height of 30 ft (9 m)) can be divided into five equal horizontal "slices" (here, 1.8 m each).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the canal begins operation, the chamber is filled once from Gatun Lake. Then, when emptying the chamber, the top three slices (1, 2, and 3) are emptied, one by one, into three basins, each at a successively lower elevation. That is, water slice 1 is emptied from the chamber, using gravity and valves, into a basin that is at the same level as water slice 2. Then water slice 2 is emptied into a basin at the same level as water slice 3, and slice 3 is emptied into a basin at the same level as slice 4. Water slices 4 and 5 are emptied into the next lock chamber and "lost" (as in the original canal locks). </p><p>When the lock moves a ship upward, the chamber is closed, and the water from the basin at level 4 is first let into the chamber, filling slice 5. Then basin level 3 fills chamber level 4, and basin level 2 fills chamber level 3. Next, chamber levels 2 and 1 are filled from Gatun Lake, "costing" a volume of 12 ft (3.6 m) instead of 30 ft (9 m) over the chamber area (2/5 of the elevation height). The ship is now at the level of Gatun Lake and can cross it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Navigational_channels">Navigational channels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Navigational channels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the plan, a 3.2 km (2.0 mi)-long access channel was excavated to connect the new Atlantic locks with the existing sea entrance of the canal. To connect the new Pacific-side locks with the existing channels, two new access channels were built: </p> <ul><li>The 6.2 km (3.9 mi) north access channel, which connects the new Pacific-side lock with the <a href="/wiki/Culebra_Cut" title="Culebra Cut">Culebra Cut</a>, circumventing Miraflores Lake. This channel runs along the new Borinquen Dam that separates it from Miraflores Lake (which has a water level that is 9 m lower, due to the dislocation of the Pedro Miguel locks).</li> <li>The 1.8 km (1.1 mi) south access channel, which connects the new lock with the existing sea entrance on the Pacific Ocean</li></ul> <p>The new channels on both the Atlantic and the Pacific sides are at least 218 meters (715 feet) wide, permitting <a href="/wiki/Post-Panamax" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Panamax">Post-Panamax</a> vessels to navigate in a single direction.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maximum_operating_level_of_Gatun_Lake">Maximum operating level of Gatun Lake</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Maximum operating level of Gatun Lake"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Canal elevations are referred to using the Precise Level Datum (PLD), which is close to the mean sea level of the Atlantic and Pacific entrances. The maximum operational level of <a href="/wiki/Gatun_Lake" title="Gatun Lake">Gatun Lake</a> was raised by approximately 0.45 meters (1.5 feet) from the previous PLD level of 26.7 meters (88 feet) to a PLD level of 27.1 meters (89 feet). Combined with the widening and deepening of the navigational channels, this has increased Gatun Lake's usable water reserve capacity and allows the canal's water system to supply a daily average of 165,000,000 US gal (625,000 m<sup>3</sup>; 137,000,000 imp gal) of additional water. This additional water volume is enough to provide an annual average of approximately 1,100 additional lockages without affecting the water supply for human use, which is also provided from Gatun and Alhajuela Lakes.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction_timeline">Construction timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Construction timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlantic_Bridge_at_Panama_Canal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Atlantic_Bridge_at_Panama_Canal.jpg/260px-Atlantic_Bridge_at_Panama_Canal.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Atlantic_Bridge_at_Panama_Canal.jpg/390px-Atlantic_Bridge_at_Panama_Canal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Atlantic_Bridge_at_Panama_Canal.jpg/520px-Atlantic_Bridge_at_Panama_Canal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>New Agua Clara Locks, with rolling gate is shown partially open. <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bridge,_Panama" title="Atlantic Bridge, Panama">Atlantic Bridge</a>, under construction, is in background.</figcaption></figure> <p>The construction of the third set of locks project was originally slated to take seven or eight years, with the new locks beginning operations between fiscal years 2014 and 2015, roughly 100 years after the canal first opened.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-designnews2011_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-designnews2011-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2012, however, it was announced that the expansion project had fallen six months behind schedule, pushing the opening date back from October 2014 to April 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-sb20120702_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sb20120702-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By September 2014, the new gates were projected to be open for transit at the "beginning of 2016."<sup id="cite_ref-maersk20140829_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maersk20140829-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-maersk20140901_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maersk20140901-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pca2014aug20_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pca2014aug20-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-charlotte_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charlotte-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2011, the Panama Canal Authority announced the completion of the third phase of excavation for the Pacific access channel.<sup id="cite_ref-pca2011oct12_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pca2011oct12-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ohs2011_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohs2011-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2012, a 100-foot-tall reinforced concrete monolith was completed, the first of 46 such monoliths that line the new Pacific-side lock walls.<sup id="cite_ref-pca2012jun19_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pca2012jun19-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sixteen new lock gates were installed as part of the canal expansion: eight on the Atlantic side, and eight on the Pacific. The installation process began in December 2014, with a 3,285-ton gate's installation on the Atlantic side; it concluded in April 2015, with the installation of a 4,232-ton gate on the Pacific side.<sup id="cite_ref-pca2014dec15_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pca2014dec15-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pca2015apr28_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pca2015apr28-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2015, flooding of the new locks began: first on the Atlantic side, then on the Pacific; by then, the canal's re-inauguration was slated for April 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-pca2015jun11_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pca2015jun11-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pca2015jun22_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pca2015jun22-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2015, a crack was reported in a concrete sill at the new Cocolí locks, but it was not initially anticipated to affect the project completion timeline.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By November 2015, however, cracks discovered over the previous months threatened to delay project completion.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sill reinforcements were, however, anticipated to be completed by January 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early February 2016, the ACP reported that sill reinforcements, repairing the cracks detected earlier, were complete.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By January 2016, Panama's President Varela indicated that he anticipated the expansion to be complete around May 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-yahoo201601_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yahoo201601-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The expanded canal began commercial operation on 26 June 2016. The first ship to cross the canal using the third set of locks was a modern <a href="/wiki/New_Panamax" class="mw-redirect" title="New Panamax">New Panamax</a> vessel, the Chinese-owned container ship "Cosco Shipping Panama."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT062016_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT062016-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United States dispatched a navy ship to Panama to demonstrate U.S. naval power to the Chinese ship.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Panama_Canal_expansion_project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/New_Panama_Canal_expansion_project.jpg/260px-New_Panama_Canal_expansion_project.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/New_Panama_Canal_expansion_project.jpg/390px-New_Panama_Canal_expansion_project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/New_Panama_Canal_expansion_project.jpg/520px-New_Panama_Canal_expansion_project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Panoramic view of the construction works of the Panama Canal expansion project in July 2015</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finances">Finances</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Finances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main purpose of the canal expansion program is to increase Panama's ability to benefit from the growing traffic demand. This growing demand is manifested in both the increased cargo volumes and the size of vessels that will use the Panama route. In this sense, with a third set of locks, the canal will be able to manage the traffic demand forecast beyond 2025;<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> total inflation-adjusted revenues for that year are predicted to amount to over US$6.2 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estimated_cost">Estimated cost</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Estimated cost"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, ACP estimated the cost of the third set of locks project at US$5.25 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This figure includes design, administration, construction, testing, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_mitigation" title="Environmental mitigation">environmental mitigation</a>, and commissioning costs, as well as <a href="/wiki/Cost_contingency" title="Cost contingency">contingencies</a> to cover risks and unforeseen events, such as accidents, design changes, price increases, and possible delays. The cost of interest paid on loans during construction is not included. The largest cost is that associated with constructing the two new lock complexes – one each on the Atlantic and Pacific sides – with estimated costs of US$1.11 billion and US$1.03 billion each, plus a US$590 million provision for contingencies during their construction.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Opponents contend the project is based on uncertain projections about maritime trade and the world economy. Roberto N. Méndez, an economist at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Panama" title="University of Panama">University of Panama</a>, alleges that the economic and financial projections are based on manipulated data.<sup id="cite_ref-rnmendez_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rnmendez-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Independent engineers, most notably Humberto Reynolds<sup id="cite_ref-hreynolds_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hreynolds-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Tomás Drohan Ruiz,<sup id="cite_ref-drohan2_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drohan2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the former head of engineering and dredging of the Panama Canal, said that the project would cost much more than budgeted and that it was too risky for Panama. M. A. Bernal, a professor at the University of Panama, argued that confidence in the ACP's budget is undermined because of the involvement of engineering and consultancy firm Parsons Brinckerhoff. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estimated_profitability_and_financing">Estimated profitability and financing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Estimated profitability and financing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the ACP, the third set of locks would be financially profitable, producing a 12 percent internal rate of return. The project's financing is separate from the governmental budget. The state, which has a lower credit rating than the ACP, does not guarantee or endorse any loans borrowed by the ACP for the project. Assuming that tolls increase at an annual average rate of 3.5 percent for 20 years, and according to the traffic demand forecast and construction schedule deemed most likely by the ACP, the external financing required would be temporary and in the order of US$2.3 billion to cover peak construction activities between 2009 and 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ACP's revenue projections are based on questionable assumptions about increased canal usage and shippers' willingness to pay higher tolls instead of seeking competing routes. In a bid to attract new business as well as keeping the current customers, the ACP is looking to implement financial incentives in their toll programme, including a loyalty scheme, which are expected to combat the problems raised by increased fees.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the cash flow generated by the expanded canal, investment costs are expected to be recovered in less than 10 years, and financing could be repaid in approximately eight.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The $2.3 billion financing package for the canal expansion, signed in December 2008 in the midst of the global financial crisis, includes loans from the following government-owned financial institutions: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Bank_for_International_Cooperation" title="Japan Bank for International Cooperation">Japan Bank for International Cooperation</a> (JBIC) – US$800 million</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a> (EIB) – US$500 million</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Development_Bank" title="Inter-American Development Bank">Inter-American Development Bank</a> (IDB) – US$400 million</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAF_%E2%80%93_Development_Bank_of_Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="CAF – Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean">CAF – Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean</a> (CAF) – US$300 million</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">International Finance Corporation</a> (IFC) – US$300 million</li></ul> <p>The financing is not tied; that is, contracts can be awarded to firms from any country. The loans are for 20 years, including a 10-year grace period. Under a common terms agreement, all five financial institutions agreed to provide the same loan conditions to the ACP. Shortly before, credit rating agency <a href="/wiki/Moody%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Moody's">Moody's</a> gave the ACP an A1 investment grade rating. <a href="/wiki/Mizuho_Corporate_Bank" title="Mizuho Corporate Bank">Mizuho Corporate Bank</a> and the law firm <a href="/wiki/Shearman_%26_Sterling" title="Shearman & Sterling">Shearman & Sterling</a> helped develop the financing package.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_impact">Environmental impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Environmental impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Panama_Canal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/New_Panama_Canal.jpg/220px-New_Panama_Canal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/New_Panama_Canal.jpg/330px-New_Panama_Canal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/New_Panama_Canal.jpg/440px-New_Panama_Canal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>New Panama Canal Agua Clara locks (Atlantic side). The three sets of water-saving basins are shown on top of the canal locks, 2017.</figcaption></figure> <p>The ACP's proposal claims that the project will not permanently harm the environment, communities, primary forests, national parks or forest reserves, relevant patrimonial or archaeological sites, agricultural or industrial production areas, or tourist or port areas. It says that any harm can be mitigated using existing procedures and technology.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The proposal says that the project will not permanently reduce water or air quality. The proposed water supply program maximizes the water capacity of Gatun and Alhajuela Lakes and is designed to use water efficiently so that no new reservoirs will be required and no communities need to be displaced.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Critics of the project contend that there are many environmental issues to be considered, such as the link between <a href="/wiki/El_Ni%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="El Niño">El Niño</a> (ENSO) and the threat to water supplies posed by El Niño. The ACP has commissioned studies by several consultants about water supply and quality problems. Some of the most prominent critics of the canal expansion plan from the point of view of water quality issues are Eric Jackson<sup id="cite_ref-jackson_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (editor of the online <i>Panama News</i>), Gonzalo Menendez<sup id="cite_ref-menendez_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-menendez-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (former head of Panama's National Environmental Authority), and Ariel Rodriguez<sup id="cite_ref-opinion-Ariel-Rodríguez_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opinion-Ariel-Rodríguez-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (a biologist at the University of Panama), and former Vice Minister of Public Works Grettel Villalaz de Allen.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jackson contends that the ACP's public statements often do not match the findings of their studies. He argues that studies by Delft Hydraulics,<sup id="cite_ref-delft_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-delft-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WPSI Inc.,<sup id="cite_ref-wpsi_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wpsi-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and DHI<sup id="cite_ref-DHI_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DHI-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> say that the proposed water-saving basins will allow more salt water into Gatun Lake, from which about half of Panama's population takes its drinking water. The ACP says that the problem can be reduced by flushing the new locks with fresh water from Gatun Lake, but this would defeat the water-saving feature. </p><p>However, one of the leading environmental organizations in Panama, the National Association for Nature Conservation (ANCON), says that the studies and projections of operations of the third set of locks, including the water-saving basins, credibly state that there will be very low levels of salinization of waters of <a href="/wiki/Gatun_Lake" title="Gatun Lake">Gatun Lake</a> and that these levels will preserve the biological separation of the oceans while safekeeping biodiversity and water quality for human use.<sup id="cite_ref-ancon_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ancon-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Employment_generation">Employment generation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Employment generation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the ACP, the canal expansion's impact on employment was first to be observed in jobs directly generated by its construction. Approximately 35,000–40,000 new jobs were created during the construction of the third set of locks, including 6,500–7,000 additional jobs that were directly related to the project during the peak years of construction. However, officials state that the most important impacts on employment will be medium and long term, and will come from the economic growth brought about by extra income generated by the expanded canal and the economic activities produced by the increase in canal cargo and vessel transits. </p><p>The labor required for construction of the third set of locks was largely done by Panamanians. To ensure the availability of Panamanian labor necessary for the third set of locks project and its connected activities, the ACP and public and private authorities worked jointly to train the required workforce, with sufficient lead time, so that it had the necessary competencies, capabilities, and certifications. The costs of these training programs were included in the cost estimates of the project.<sup id="cite_ref-proposal_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Critics dismiss this as <a href="/wiki/Demagogy" class="mw-redirect" title="Demagogy">demagogy</a>, noting that according to the ACP's own studies, at the peak of construction there would be fewer than 6,000 jobs created, and that some of these would be highly skilled posts filled by foreigners because there are no Panamanians qualified to fill them.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Among those who opposed the canal expansion proposal is Panama's construction workers' union, <a href="/wiki/SUNTRACS" title="SUNTRACS">SUNTRACS</a>. The workers went on strike demanding higher pay, back pay, and better safety. The average worker was getting paid $2.90/hr and a skilled worker was paid $3.52/hr. After the strike average worker was getting paid about $4.90/hr and skilled about $7.10/hr. The union's secretary general, Genaro Lopez, argued that while some construction jobs would be created by the project, the debt that Panama incurs to build a third set of locks will not be defrayed by increased canal usage and thus an increased part of canal revenues will go toward paying the debt, reducing the waterway's contributions to the national government's general fund, in turn reducing the money available for road projects, public schools, police protection, and other government services.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Critics also claim that the project lacks an accompanying social development plan. Then-President Torrijos has since accepted the request to develop one with the mediation of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-undp_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undp-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_support_of_the_project">In support of the project</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: In support of the project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ANCON (the National Association for Nature Conservation)<sup id="cite_ref-ancon_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ancon-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> approved the environmental studies of the proposal and gave some recommendations before the project was approved. The following had also endorsed the proposal: </p> <ul><li><i>La Prensa</i> newspaper, in an editorial note<sup id="cite_ref-prensa.com_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prensa.com-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Agriculture<sup id="cite_ref-yes_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yes-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The government-aligned CONATO<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (National Council of Organized Workers)</li> <li>Stanley Heckadon, former director of the INRENARE agency, predecessor of the National Environmental Authority<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Miss_Universe" title="Miss Universe">Miss Universe</a> <a href="/wiki/Justine_Pasek" title="Justine Pasek">Justine Pasek</a>, writer <a href="/wiki/Rosa_Mar%C3%ADa_Britton" title="Rosa María Britton">Rosa María Britton</a>, and painter <a href="/wiki/Olga_Sinclair" title="Olga Sinclair">Olga Sinclair</a><sup id="cite_ref-yes_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yes-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Canal customers, many in the maritime industries and the business community<sup id="cite_ref-twt_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twt-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>77% of Panamanian voters, in a <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_expansion_referendum,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="Panama Canal expansion referendum, 2006">referendum</a>; the turnout was 43%<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Against_the_project">Against the project</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Against the project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Former President <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Illueca" title="Jorge Illueca">Jorge Illueca</a>, former sub-administrator of the Panama Canal Commission Fernando Manfredo, shipping consultant Julio Manduley, and industrial entrepreneur George Richa M. said that the expansion was not necessary; they claimed that the construction of a mega-port on the Pacific side would be sufficient to meet probable future demand. Such a port would be the second in the American Pacific deep enough to handle post-Panamax ships, the first being Los Angeles. As Panama is already a natural trading route, it would be able to handle the movement of containers from the Pacific to the Atlantic side via railroad, where containers would be reloaded to other ships for worldwide distribution.<sup id="cite_ref-megapuerto_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-megapuerto-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the following organizations and people oppose the project: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Hemispheric_Affairs" title="Council on Hemispheric Affairs">Council on Hemispheric Affairs</a> (COHA) stated in a press release that under the Torrijos government, the expanding Panama Canal would not likely serve the needs of the vast majority of Panamanians. Many of the benefits would be tied to the commercial interests of the country's accountants, bankers, and lawyers, as well as their US counterparts, and world trade. They also said that the administration's rampant corruption and other flaws raised questions about Panama's capacity to supervise such an enormous project.<sup id="cite_ref-coha_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coha-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> COHA has received some letters pointing out factual errors in its statement, and plans to modify its statement in response.<sup id="cite_ref-coha8_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coha8-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former President <a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara">Guillermo Endara</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Vanguardia_Moral_de_la_Patria" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanguardia Moral de la Patria">Vanguardia Moral de la Patria</a> Party,<sup id="cite_ref-VMP_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VMP-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Molirena,<sup id="cite_ref-MOLIRENA_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MOLIRENA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a conservative, business-oriented party that normally gets about 10 percent of the vote.</li> <li>Most of the Panamanian left and most of the labor movement, including CONUSI<sup id="cite_ref-nodo50_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nodo50-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (National Independent Syndicate Union) and Frenadeso<sup id="cite_ref-frenadeso_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frenadeso-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (the National Front for the Defence of Social and Economic Rights).</li> <li>Most members of the nationalist <a href="/wiki/Paname%C3%B1ista_Party" title="Panameñista Party">Panameñista Party</a> (Grettel Villalaz de Allen and Gonzalo Menendez, mentioned above, and former legislator <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Young" title="Gloria Young">Gloria Young</a><sup id="cite_ref-prensa_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prensa-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are prominent examples).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/40px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/60px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/120px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Panama" title="Portal:Panama">Panama portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayonne_Bridge" title="Bayonne Bridge">Bayonne Bridge</a>, an American bridge raised to accommodate post-Panamax ships</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicaragua Canal">Nicaragua Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Tehuantepec#Tehuantepec_Route" title="Isthmus of Tehuantepec">Tehuantepec Route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaproject" title="Megaproject">Megaproject</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Railway" title="Panama Canal Railway">Panama Canal Railway</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 26em;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-proposal-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proposal_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acp.gob.pa/eng/plan/documentos/propuesta/acp-expansion-proposal.pdf"><i>Proposal for the Expansion of the Panama Canal</i> by the <i>Panama Canal Authority</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721055325/http://www.acp.gob.pa/eng/plan/documentos/propuesta/acp-expansion-proposal.pdf">Archived</a> 21 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304026804579410342453924378?KEYWORDS=panama+canal+2007&mg=reno64-Panama">"Canal, Consortium Reach Deal to Complete Work" by the <i>Wall Street Journal</i></a> (en inglés)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/08/15/panama-canal-100-expansion/14096147/">"Panama Canal turns 100 as expansion hits snags"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. 16 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Panama+Canal+turns+100+as+expansion+hits+snags&rft.date=2014-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2014%2F08%2F15%2Fpanama-canal-100-expansion%2F14096147%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-26587046">"Deal over Panama Canal expansion"</a>. BBC News. 14 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Deal+over+Panama+Canal+expansion&rft.date=2014-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-26587046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panamaoffshorecenter.com/panama-canal-expansion-will-be-operational-on-april-1-2016/news_id_1372.html">"Molina & Co | Panama News | World News"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Molina+%26+Co+%26%23124%3B+Panama+News+%26%23124%3B+World+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panamaoffshorecenter.com%2Fpanama-canal-expansion-will-be-operational-on-april-1-2016%2Fnews_id_1372.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180629131141/https://micanaldepanama.com/ampliacion/2018/03/canal-ampliado-alcanza-tres-mil-transitos-neopanamax-en-20-meses-de-operacion/">"Canal ampliado alcanza tres mil tránsitos neopanamax en 20 meses de operación | Canal Ampliado"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://micanaldepanama.com/ampliacion/2018/03/canal-ampliado-alcanza-tres-mil-transitos-neopanamax-en-20-meses-de-operacion/">the original</a> on 29 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canal+ampliado+alcanza+tres+mil+tr%C3%A1nsitos+neopanamax+en+20+meses+de+operaci%C3%B3n+%26%23124%3B+Canal+Ampliado&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmicanaldepanama.com%2Fampliacion%2F2018%2F03%2Fcanal-ampliado-alcanza-tres-mil-transitos-neopanamax-en-20-meses-de-operacion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-industcards.com-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-industcards.com_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-industcards.com_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.industcards.com/hydro-panama.htm">"Hydroelectric Plants in Panama"</a>. 5 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hydroelectric+Plants+in+Panama&rft.date=2015-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.industcards.com%2Fhydro-panama.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/245cd7a2-38df-11e6-a780-b48ed7b6126f.html#axzz4CgP0RC4n">"Panama Canal banks on $5.3bn locks"</a></span>. <i>Financial Times</i>. London. 26 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/sxmDw">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Panama+Canal+banks+on+%245.3bn+locks&rft.date=2016-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F245cd7a2-38df-11e6-a780-b48ed7b6126f.html%23axzz4CgP0RC4n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Washington-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Washington_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/16/AR2006071600470.html"><i>Panama to Vote on Canal Expansion Oct. 22</i>, <i>The Washington Post</i></a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLa_Prensa2006" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">La Prensa (9 May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090907071140/http://biblioteca.prensa.com/contenido/2006/05/09/9-44a-nota2.html">"Hasta 150 mil dólares por reservar en el Canal"</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biblioteca.prensa.com/contenido/2006/05/09/9-44a-nota2.html">the original</a> on 7 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hasta+150+mil+d%C3%B3lares+por+reservar+en+el+Canal&rft.date=2006-05-09&rft.au=La+Prensa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiblioteca.prensa.com%2Fcontenido%2F2006%2F05%2F09%2F9-44a-nota2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPanama_Canal_Authority" class="citation web cs1">Panama Canal Authority. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pancanal.com/eng/plan/documentos/propuesta/acp-expansion-proposal.pdf">"ACP Expansion Proposal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ACP+Expansion+Proposal&rft.pages=36&rft.au=Panama+Canal+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pancanal.com%2Feng%2Fplan%2Fdocumentos%2Fpropuesta%2Facp-expansion-proposal.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldnews.about.com/od/china/a/china_trade.htm">Why the U.S.–China Trade Imbalance is Unsustainable</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060812181712/http://worldnews.about.com/od/china/a/china_trade.htm">Archived</a> 12 August 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arctic_Marine_Transport_Workshop-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Arctic_Marine_Transport_Workshop_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808145951/http://www.arctic.gov/files/AMTW_book.pdf">"Arctic Marine Transport Workshop September 2004"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arctic.gov/files/AMTW_book.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 August 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arctic+Marine+Transport+Workshop+September+2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arctic.gov%2Ffiles%2FAMTW_book.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aol.countrywatch.com/aol_printwire.asp?vCOUNTRY=133&UID=1375565">Analysis: Expanding the Panama Canal By INGRID VASQUEZ</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070218230520/http://aol.countrywatch.com/aol_printwire.asp?vCOUNTRY=133&UID=1375565">Archived</a> 18 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140823094206/http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_17/news_02.html">"The "no" campaign holds a forum by Eric Jackson"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_17/news_02.html">the original</a> on 23 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panama+Canal+Expansion+Moves+Ahead+with+Filling+of+New+Pacific+Locks&rft.date=2015-06-22&rft.au=Panama+Canal+Authority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pancanal.com%2Feng%2Fpr%2Fpress-releases%2F2015%2F06%2F22%2Fpr551.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPort_Technology2015" class="citation web cs1">Port Technology (24 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.porttechnology.org/news/enormous_crack_rocks_panama_canal/">"Enormous Crack Rocks Panama Canal"</a>. <i>Port Technology</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Port+Technology&rft.atitle=Enormous+Crack+Rocks+Panama+Canal&rft.date=2015-08-24&rft.au=Port+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.porttechnology.org%2Fnews%2Fenormous_crack_rocks_panama_canal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBonney2015" class="citation web cs1">Bonney, Joseph (24 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joc.com/maritime-news/container-lines/reported-crack-new-panama-canal-lock-raises-concerns_20150824.html">"Panama Canal: Lock cracks unlikely to delay expansion schedule"</a>. <i>JOC.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JOC.com&rft.atitle=Panama+Canal%3A+Lock+cracks+unlikely+to+delay+expansion+schedule&rft.date=2015-08-24&rft.aulast=Bonney&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.joc.com%2Fmaritime-news%2Fcontainer-lines%2Freported-crack-new-panama-canal-lock-raises-concerns_20150824.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231121181754/https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/27/panama-canal-idUSL1N13M01V20151127/">"Panama canal expansion could suffer new delay – spokesman"</a>. Reuters. 26 November 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/27/panama-canal-idUSL1N13M01V20151127">the original</a> on 21 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panama+canal+expansion+could+suffer+new+delay+%E2%80%93+spokesman&rft.date=2015-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2015%2F11%2F27%2Fpanama-canal-idUSL1N13M01V20151127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPanama_Canal_Authority2015" class="citation web cs1">Panama Canal Authority (1 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pancanal.com/eng/pr/press-releases/2015/12/01/pr567.html">"UPDATE: GUPC Announces Sill Reinforcements Work to be Complete in January 2016"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UPDATE%3A+GUPC+Announces+Sill+Reinforcements+Work+to+be+Complete+in+January+2016&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.au=Panama+Canal+Authority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pancanal.com%2Feng%2Fpr%2Fpress-releases%2F2015%2F12%2F01%2Fpr567.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160216193219/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/money/2016/02/06/repairs-completed-on-cracks-in-new-panama-canal-locks/">"Repairs completed on cracks in new Panama Canal locks | Fox News Latino"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/money/2016/02/06/repairs-completed-on-cracks-in-new-panama-canal-locks/">the original</a> on 16 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Repairs+completed+on+cracks+in+new+Panama+Canal+locks+%26%23124%3B+Fox+News+Latino&rft.pub=Fox+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flatino.foxnews.com%2Flatino%2Fmoney%2F2016%2F02%2F06%2Frepairs-completed-on-cracks-in-new-panama-canal-locks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.portnews.ru/news/214199/">"Sill reinforcements complete in new Panama Canal locks"</a>. 7 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sill+reinforcements+complete+in+new+Panama+Canal+locks&rft.date=2016-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.portnews.ru%2Fnews%2F214199%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yahoo201601-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yahoo201601_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/panama-president-urges-canal-consortium-focus-expansion-020151490.html">"Panama canal expansion to be complete 'around May': president"</a>. Yahoo. Agence France-Presse. 3 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panama+canal+expansion+to+be+complete+%27around+May%27%3A+president&rft.pub=Yahoo&rft.date=2016-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fpanama-president-urges-canal-consortium-focus-expansion-020151490.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT062016-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT062016_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-03-22/panama-canal-expansion-seen-open-by-july-after-years-of-setbacks">"Panama to Open $5.3B Canal Expansion 26 June or 'Lose Face'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Bloomberg News. 22 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panama+to+Open+%245.3B+Canal+Expansion+26+June+or+%27Lose+Face%27&rft.pub=Bloomberg+News&rft.date=2016-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2016-03-22%2Fpanama-canal-expansion-seen-open-by-july-after-years-of-setbacks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnderson" class="citation magazine cs1">Anderson, Jon Lee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/05/28/the-diplomat-who-quit-the-trump-administration">"The Diplomat Who Quit the Trump Administration"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i>. <q>In June 2016, a major expansion of the canal was completed, and the first ship through was an enormous Chinese freighter, designed to fit the new dimensions. "I got a big American naval ship to park right outside the locks, where the Chinese ship would see it", Feeley said.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=The+Diplomat+Who+Quit+the+Trump+Administration&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Jon+Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2018%2F05%2F28%2Fthe-diplomat-who-quit-the-trump-administration&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWSP_Parsons_Brinckerhoff" class="citation web cs1">WSP Parsons Brinckerhoff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsp-pb.com/en/Port-Marine-and-Coastal/Projects/Panama-Canal-Expansion/">"Panama Canal Forecast for the Future"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panama+Canal+Forecast+for+the+Future&rft.au=WSP+Parsons+Brinckerhoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsp-pb.com%2Fen%2FPort-Marine-and-Coastal%2FProjects%2FPanama-Canal-Expansion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rnmendez-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rnmendez_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/43.htm">"A bad business for Panama" by Roberto Mendez</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070217011410/http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/43.htm">Archived</a> 17 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hreynolds-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hreynolds_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/33.htm">"Estimated cost of the Third Locks" by Humberto Reynolds</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070217011337/http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/33.htm">Archived</a> 17 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-drohan2-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-drohan2_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/83.htm">"The real cost of the expansion" by Tomas Drohan Ruiz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070217011451/http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/83.htm">Archived</a> 17 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seatrade-global.com/news/americas/new-panama-canal-toll-structure-to-be-innovative-says-administrator-quijano.html">New Panama Canal toll structure to be 'innovative' says Administrator Quijano</a>" <i>Seatrade Global Online</i>, 5 January 2015. Accessed: 5 January 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120525182120/http://www.ordons.com/americas/central-america-and-caribbean/162-financing-deal-for-panama-canal-expansion-signed.html">"Financing deal for Panama Canal expansion signed"</a>. Ordons News. 24 December 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ordons.com/americas/central-america-and-caribbean/162-financing-deal-for-panama-canal-expansion-signed.html">the original</a> on 25 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Financing+deal+for+Panama+Canal+expansion+signed&rft.pub=Ordons+News&rft.date=2008-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ordons.com%2Famericas%2Fcentral-america-and-caribbean%2F162-financing-deal-for-panama-canal-expansion-signed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jackson-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jackson_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_12/business_01.html">Propaganda, studies differ about Gatun Lake water quality by Eric Jackson</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060718053010/http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_12/business_01.html">Archived</a> 18 July 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-menendez-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-menendez_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140823094044/http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_14/opinion_01.html">"Some worrisome environmental aspects of the Panama Canal expansion by Gonzalo Menendez"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_14/opinion_01.html">the original</a> on 23 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Some+worrisome+environmental+aspects+of+the+Panama+Canal+expansion+by+Gonzalo+Menendez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepanamanews.com%2Fpn%2Fv_12%2Fissue_14%2Fopinion_01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-opinion-Ariel-Rodríguez-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-opinion-Ariel-Rodríguez_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_13/spanish_opinion_03.html">Panama News Spanish Opinion Section</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061120173912/http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_13/spanish_opinion_03.html">Archived</a> 20 November 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/24.htm">Buscando Camino – Especial Canal – El agua del Canal de Panamá</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070217011432/http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/24.htm">Archived</a> 17 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-delft-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-delft_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006155717/http://www.pancanal.com/esp/plan/estudios/0238.html">"Delft study on the water quality"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pancanal.com/esp/plan/estudios/0238.html">the original</a> on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Delft+study+on+the+water+quality&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pancanal.com%2Fesp%2Fplan%2Festudios%2F0238.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wpsi-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wpsi_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006160240/http://www.pancanal.com/esp/plan/estudios/ep-0024.html">"WPSI study about the water"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pancanal.com/esp/plan/estudios/ep-0024.html">the original</a> on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WPSI+study+about+the+water&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pancanal.com%2Fesp%2Fplan%2Festudios%2Fep-0024.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DHI-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DHI_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006133133/http://www.pancanal.com/esp/plan/estudios/0276.html">"DHI 'study of studies'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pancanal.com/esp/plan/estudios/0276.html">the original</a> on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DHI+%27study+of+studies%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pancanal.com%2Fesp%2Fplan%2Festudios%2F0276.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ancon-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ancon_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ancon_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancon.org/mambo/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=117&Itemid=150">ANCON approves the proposal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929103143/http://www.ancon.org/mambo/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=117&Itemid=150">Archived</a> 29 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-undp-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-undp_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.undp.org.pa/DesktopModules/Articles/ArticlesView.aspx?TabID=0&Lang=es&ItemID=246&mid=10334">Press release of the UNDP-Panama about the mediation process</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-prensa.com-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-prensa.com_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/10/09/hoy/pdf/Portada.pdf">Editorial of la Prensa Newspaper in favor of the project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061102090045/http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/10/09/hoy/pdf/Portada.pdf">Archived</a> 2 November 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yes-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yes_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yes_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prensa.com/hoy/panorama/760060.html">The people behind the "yes"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prensa.com/hoy/panorama/734595.html">Conato supports Canal project, <i>La Prensa</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJackson2006" class="citation web cs1">Jackson, Eric (2 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120305202313/http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_16/news_02.html">"Stanley Heckadon defends canal expansion, expresses his concerns"</a>. <i>The Panama News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_16/news_02.html">the original</a> on 5 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Panama+News&rft.atitle=Stanley+Heckadon+defends+canal+expansion%2C+expresses+his+concerns&rft.date=2006-09-02&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepanamanews.com%2Fpn%2Fv_12%2Fissue_16%2Fnews_02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-twt-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-twt_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20061010-090343-6383r.htm">"Panama Canal at the crossroads Editorial of <i>The Washington Times</i>"</a>. <i>The Washington Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Panama+Canal+at+the+crossroads+Editorial+of+The+Washington+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwashingtontimes.com%2Fop-ed%2F20061010-090343-6383r.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/10/26/hoy/panorama/778183.html">Official results of the referendum, <i>La Prensa</i> newspaper</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522115133/http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/10/26/hoy/panorama/778183.html">Archived</a> 22 May 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-megapuerto-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-megapuerto_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/Acerca%20de%20Nuestro%20Canal.pdf">Statement by former President Illueca and others about the megaport in the Pacific side</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061102090039/http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/Acerca%20de%20Nuestro%20Canal.pdf">Archived</a> 2 November 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-coha-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-coha_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060820074729/http://www.coha.org/2006/08/08/expanding-the-panama-canal-a-wider-canal-or-more-government-payola">Expanding the Panama Canal: A wider canal or more government payola? – Press release of COHA</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-coha8-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-coha8_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coha.org/2006/08/25/regarding-cohas-august-8-release-expanding-the-panama-canal-a-wider-canal-or-more-governmental-payola/">Regarding COHA’s 8 August Release "Expanding the Panama Canal: A Wider Canal or More Governmental Payola?"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061001215606/http://www.coha.org/2006/08/25/regarding-cohas-august-8-release-expanding-the-panama-canal-a-wider-canal-or-more-governmental-payola/">Archived</a> 1 October 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VMP-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VMP_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140823094113/http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_13/news_03.html">"Guillermo Endara's Vanguardia Moral de la Patria New party nears ballot status, prepares for first campaign"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_12/issue_13/news_03.html">the original</a> on 23 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guillermo+Endara%27s+Vanguardia+Moral+de+la+Patria+New+party+nears+ballot+status%2C+prepares+for+first+campaign&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepanamanews.com%2Fpn%2Fv_12%2Fissue_13%2Fnews_03.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APanama+Canal+expansion+project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MOLIRENA-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MOLIRENA_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/08/28/hoy/panorama/717410.html">El Molirena rechaza la ampliación</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070216135428/http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/08/28/hoy/panorama/717410.html">Archived</a> 16 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nodo50-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nodo50_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/85.htm">CONUSI's 10 big reasons to vote no on the referendum</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070217011312/http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/85.htm">Archived</a> 17 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frenadeso-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-frenadeso_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/65.htm">Frenadeso : Why we say no to the ACP project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070217011441/http://www.nodo50.org/caminoalternativo/canal/65.htm">Archived</a> 17 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-prensa-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-prensa_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/09/01/hoy/panorama/721913.html">Los promotores del ‘sí’ y el ‘no’</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070216135453/http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2006/09/01/hoy/panorama/721913.html">Archived</a> 16 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Panama_Canal_expansion_project" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Panama Canal expansion project">Panama Canal expansion project</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <dl><dt>English</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pancanal.com/eng/index.html">Official Panama Canal Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129023500/https://www.pancanal.com/eng/index.html">Archived</a> 29 November 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130926055247/http://www.mercatrade.com/blog/9-facts-about-the-panama-canal-expansion">9 Facts about the Panama Canal Expansion – Infographic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070110225320/http://www.globalpulse.net/archives/americas/panama_canal_ex_000384.php">Controversy Over Expansion, An Overview of Issues Involved</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110222233539/http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_17/issue_02/culture_11.html">Disney Director George Scribner to Document Canal Expansion over 9 Years</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://careers.ch2m.com/engineering-projects/panama.asp">Engineering and Expansion Project Overview</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vScDAAAAMBAJ&dq=motor+gun+boat&pg=PA42">"Enlarging the Panama Canal For Larger Battleships", September 1940, Popular Science</a> article on some of the earliest plans to expand the canal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marad.dot.gov/documents/Panama_Canal_Phase_I_Report_-_20Nov2013.pdf">Panama Canal Expansion Study – Phase I Report: Developments in Trade and National and Global Economies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Administration">Maritime Administration</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Transportation">U.S. Department of Transportation</a>, November 2013</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/06/22/world/americas/panama-canal.html?emc=edit_th_20160623&nl=todaysheadlines&nlid=41622692&_r=0">A Risky Bet</a>, NYT article</li></ul> <dl><dt>Spanish</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://micanaldepanama.com/">Official Panama Canal Homepage</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Panama_Canal128" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Panama_Canal" title="Template:Panama Canal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Panama_Canal" title="Template talk:Panama Canal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Panama_Canal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Panama Canal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Panama_Canal128" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Authority" title="Panama Canal Authority">Panama Canal Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_locks" title="Panama Canal locks">Locks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panamax" title="Panamax">Panamax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatun_Dam" title="Gatun Dam">Gatun Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatun_Lake" title="Gatun Lake">Gatun Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagres_River" title="Chagres River">Chagres River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culebra_Cut" title="Culebra Cut">Culebra Cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Bridge,_Panama" title="Centennial Bridge, Panama">Centennial Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_the_Americas" title="Bridge of the Americas">Bridge of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Railway" title="Panama Canal Railway">Panama Canal Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bridge,_Panama" title="Atlantic Bridge, Panama">Atlantic Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;">Atlantic side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Col%C3%B3n,_Panama" title="Colón, Panama">Colón</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arco_Iris,_Panama" title="Arco Iris, Panama">Arco Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal,_Col%C3%B3n" title="Cristóbal, Colón">Cristóbal port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Adolfo_Jim%C3%A9nez_Airport" title="Enrique Adolfo Jiménez Airport">Enrique Adolfo Jiménez Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limon_Bay" title="Limon Bay">Limon Bay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gat%C3%BAn" title="Gatún">Gatún</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;">Passage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gatun_Lake" title="Gatun Lake">Gatun Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culebra_Cut" title="Culebra Cut">Culebra Cut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;">Pacific side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balboa,_Panama" title="Balboa, Panama">Balboa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albrook_%22Marcos_A._Gelabert%22_International_Airport" title="Albrook "Marcos A. Gelabert" International Airport">Albrook Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamboa,_Panama" title="Gamboa, Panama">Gamboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Expansion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Panama_Canal_expansion_referendum" title="2006 Panama Canal expansion referendum">2006 referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bridge,_Panama" title="Atlantic Bridge, Panama">Atlantic Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamax" title="Panamax">New Panamax / Post-Panamax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Panama_Canal" title="History of the Panama Canal">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Bunau-Varilla" title="Philippe Bunau-Varilla">Philippe Bunau-Varilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_S._Claybourn" title="Ephraim S. Claybourn">Ephraim S. Claybourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Claybourn" title="John G. Claybourn">John G. Claybourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Nelson_Cromwell" title="William Nelson Cromwell">William Nelson Cromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_du_Bose_Gaillard" title="David du Bose Gaillard">David du Bose Gaillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Goethals" title="George Washington Goethals">George Washington Goethals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Gorgas" title="William C. Gorgas">William Crawford Gorgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Lesseps" title="Ferdinand de Lesseps">Ferdinand de Lesseps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Frank_Stevens" title="John Frank Stevens">John Frank Stevens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;">Construction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hay%E2%80%93Bunau-Varilla_Treaty" title="Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty">1903 Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomson%E2%80%93Urrutia_Treaty" title="Thomson–Urrutia Treaty">1921 Thomson–Urrutia Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Canal_Commission" title="Isthmian Canal Commission">Isthmian Canal Commission</a> (1904–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_measures_during_the_construction_of_the_Panama_Canal" title="Health measures during the construction of the Panama Canal">Health measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Museum" title="Panama Canal Museum">Panama Canal Museum</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Box_25" title="Box 25">Box 25</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Zone" title="Panama Canal Zone">US Canal Zone</a><br />(1904–1979/99)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_the_Panama_Canal_Zone" title="List of governors of the Panama Canal Zone">List of governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Zone_Police" title="Canal Zone Police">Canal Zone Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Canal_Zone" title="United States District Court for the Canal Zone">United States District Court for the Canal Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrijos%E2%80%93Carter_Treaties" title="Torrijos–Carter Treaties">1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_United_States_military_installations_in_Panama" title="List of former United States military installations in Panama">Former<br /> US military<br />installations</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Airfields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albrook_Air_Force_Station" title="Albrook Air Force Station">Albrook AFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Adolfo_Jim%C3%A9nez_Airport" title="Enrique Adolfo Jiménez Airport">France Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Air_Force_Base" title="Howard Air Force Base">Howard AFB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Amador" title="Fort Amador">Amador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Clayton" title="Fort Clayton">Clayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Davis,_Panama" title="Fort Davis, Panama">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_De_Lesseps" title="Fort De Lesseps">De Lesseps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Gulick" title="Fort Gulick">Gulick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Kobbe" title="Fort Kobbe">Kobbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Randolph_(Panama)" title="Fort Randolph (Panama)">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Sherman" title="Fort Sherman">Sherman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Solo" title="Coco Solo">Coco Solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Panama_International_Terminal" title="PSA Panama International Terminal">PSA Panama International Terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galeta_Island_(Panama)" title="Galeta Island (Panama)">Galeta Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa,_Panama#Balboa_Naval_Transmitting_Station" title="Balboa, Panama">Balboa Naval Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_High_School_(Panama)" title="Balboa High School (Panama)">Balboa High School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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