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class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Undated" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Undated"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Undated</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Undated-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div 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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1656</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Available in 154 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-154" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">154 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1656 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1656 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1656 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1656 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B5%DB%B6_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۵۶ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۶۵۶ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AC" title="১৬৫৬ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৬৫৬" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_n%C3%AE" title="1656 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1656 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656." title="1656. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1656." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B5%DB%B6_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۵۶ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۶۵۶ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%E5%B9%B4" title="1656年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1656年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%EB%85%84" title="1656년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1656년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१६५६ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१६५६" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656." title="1656. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1656." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AC" title="মারি ১৬৫৬ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৬৫৬" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1656-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1656-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AC%E0%B3%AB%E0%B3%AC" title="೧೬೫೬ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೬೫೬" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1656 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1656 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1656 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1656 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1656 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1656 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_%D0%B8" title="1656 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1656 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656._gads" title="1656. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1656. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_m." title="1656 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1656 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१६५६ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१६५६" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="इ.स. १६५६ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १६५६" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B5%DB%B6" title="۱۶۵۶ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۶۵۶" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1656 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1656 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%86%E1%81%85%E1%81%86" title="၁၆၅၆ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၆၅၆" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="सन् १६५६ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १६५६" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%E5%B9%B4" title="1656年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1656年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AC%E0%AD%AB%E0%AD%AC" title="୧୬୫୬ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୬୫୬" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१६५६ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१६५६" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_1656" title="Joohr 1656 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 1656" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1656 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1656 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१६५६ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१६५६" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%D8%B9" title="1656ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1656ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A6%D9%A5%D9%A6" title="١٦٥٦ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٦٥٦" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656." title="1656. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1656." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1656 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1656 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2199" title="พ.ศ. 2199 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2199" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1656" title="Соли 1656 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1656" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%D8%A1" title="1656ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1656ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%E5%B9%B4" title="1656年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1656年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%E5%B9%B4" title="1656年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1656年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656" title="1656 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1656" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1656%E5%B9%B4" title="1656年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1656年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6982#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%221656%22">"1656"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%221656%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%221656%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%221656%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%221656%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%221656%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2022</span>)</i></span><span 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1630s" title="1630s">1630s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1640s" title="1640s">1640s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1650s" title="1650s">1650s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1660s" title="1660s">1660s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1670s" title="1670s">1670s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1653" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1653">1653</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1654" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1654">1654</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1655" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1655">1655</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1656" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1656">1656</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1657" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1657">1657</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1658" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1658">1658</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1659" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1659">1659</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td 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4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_nav" title="Template:Year nav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Year_nav" title="Template talk:Year nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Year_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Year nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lemke_Skirmish_with_Polish_Tatars.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Lemke_Skirmish_with_Polish_Tatars.png/330px-Lemke_Skirmish_with_Polish_Tatars.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Lemke_Skirmish_with_Polish_Tatars.png/500px-Lemke_Skirmish_with_Polish_Tatars.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Lemke_Skirmish_with_Polish_Tatars.png/600px-Lemke_Skirmish_with_Polish_Tatars.png 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="542" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/July_30" title="July 30">July 30</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Warsaw_(1656)" title="Battle of Warsaw (1656)">Sweden recaptures the Polish capital of Warsaw</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1656" title="Category:1656">1656 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Arts and science</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1650s_in_architecture" title="1650s in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1656_in_art" title="1656 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1656_in_literature" title="1656 in literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1656_in_music" title="1656 in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1656_in_science" title="1656 in science">Science</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1656" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1656">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_17th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 17th century">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_17th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 17th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1656_births" title="Category:1656 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1656_deaths" title="Category:1656 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1656_establishments" title="Category:1656 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1656_disestablishments" title="Category:1656 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1656_works" title="Category:1656 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1656 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1656<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCLVI</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2409</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1105<br />ԹՎ ՌՃԵ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6406</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1577–1578</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1062–1063</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2606</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>7 <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Cha. 2</a> – 8 <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Cha. 2</a><br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(England)" title="Interregnum (England)">Interregnum</a>)</i></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2200</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1018</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7164–7165</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">乙未</a>年 (Wood <a href="/wiki/Goat_(zodiac)" title="Goat (zodiac)">Goat</a>)<br />4353 or 4146<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />丙申年 (Fire <a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />4354 or 4147</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1372–1373</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2822</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1648–1649</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5416–5417</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1712–1713</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1577–1578</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4756–4757</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11656</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>656–657</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1034–1035</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1066–1067</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Meireki" title="Meireki">Meireki</a> 2<br />(明暦２年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1578–1579</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 10 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3989</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>256 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前256年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>188</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2198–2199</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴木羊年<br />(female Wood-<a href="/wiki/Goat_(zodiac)" title="Goat (zodiac)">Goat</a>)<br />1782 or 1401 or 629<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳火猴年<br />(male Fire-<a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />1783 or 1402 or 630</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>1656</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCLVI</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Saturday" title="Leap year starting on Saturday">leap year starting on Saturday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Tuesday" title="Leap year starting on Tuesday">leap year starting on Tuesday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1656th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 656th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 56th year of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>, and the 7th year of the <a href="/wiki/1650s" title="1650s">1650s</a> decade. As of the start of 1656, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_5" title="January 5">January 5</a> – The <a href="/wiki/First_War_of_Villmergen" title="First War of Villmergen">First War of Villmergen</a>, a civil war in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Confederation of Switzerland</a> pitting its Protestant and Roman Catholic <a href="/wiki/Swiss_canton" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss canton">cantons</a> against each other, breaks out but is resolved by March 7. The Lutheran cantons of the larger cities of Zurich, Bern and Schaffhausen battle against seven Catholic cantons of Lucerne, Schwyz, Uri, Zug, Baden Unterwalden (now Obwalden and Nidwalden) and St. Gallen.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">January 17</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_K%C3%B6nigsberg_(1656)" title="Treaty of Königsberg (1656)">Treaty of Königsberg</a> is signed, establishing an alliance between <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_Gustav_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles X Gustav of Sweden">Charles X Gustav of Sweden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg" title="Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg">Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – The first Jewish doctor in the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a> of America, <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Lumbrozo" title="Jacob Lumbrozo">Jacob Lumbrozo</a>, arrives in <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – Reinforced by soldiers dispatched by the <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroy of Peru">Viceroy of Peru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Chile" title="Colonial Chile">Spanish Chilean</a> troops defeat the indigenous <a href="/wiki/Mapuche" title="Mapuche">Mapuche</a> warriors in a battle at <a href="/wiki/San_Fabi%C3%A1n_de_Conuco" title="San Fabián de Conuco">San Fabián de Conuco</a> in what is now central Chile, turning the tide in the Spanish colonists favor in the <a href="/wiki/Mapuche_uprising_of_1655" title="Mapuche uprising of 1655">Mapuche uprising</a> after more than a year.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> (February 8 O.S.) – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Golab" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Golab">Battle of Golab</a>: Swedish Empire troops led by <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_Gustav" title="Charles X Gustav">King Carl X Gustav</a> defeat troops of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> commanded by General <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Czarniecki" title="Stefan Czarniecki">Stefan Czarniecki</a> in the first major engagement of the <a href="/wiki/Deluge_(history)" title="Deluge (history)">Swedish Deluge</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_23" title="February 23">February 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London" title="Lord Mayor of London">Lord Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Packe_(politician)" title="Christopher Packe (politician)">Christopher Packe</a> suggests to <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</a> and chief executive of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England,_Scotland_and_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland">Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland</a>, that the monarchy should be restored with Cromwell as its King. Cromwell declines to become King Oliver, but his right to name his successor becomes effective on May 25, 1657 with the commencement of the <a href="/wiki/Humble_Petition_and_Advice" title="Humble Petition and Advice">Humble Petition and Advice</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – A rebellion of Turkish soldiers, leading to the "<a href="/wiki/%C3%87%C4%B1nar_incident" title="Çınar incident">Çınar incident</a>", takes place after a palace guard for Ottoman Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mehmet_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehmet IV">Mehmet IV</a> turns away a representative group who had come for payment for their services during the <a href="/wiki/Cretan_War_(1645%E2%80%931669)" title="Cretan War (1645–1669)">war in Crete</a>. The rebellion ends with the mass killing 30 men identified by the rebels as being responsible for the non-payment.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_3" title="March 3">March 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Baykov" title="Fyodor Baykov">Fyodor Baykov</a>, the Russian Empire's first envoy to China, is admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Forbidden_City" title="Forbidden City">Forbidden City</a> within <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, after being sent by <a href="/wiki/Alexis_of_Russia" title="Alexis of Russia">Tsar Alexis</a> to negotiate a trade agreement with the Emperor <a href="/wiki/Shunzhi_Emperor" title="Shunzhi Emperor">Shunzi</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_4" title="March 4">March 4</a> – The "<a href="/wiki/%C3%87%C4%B1nar_incident" title="Çınar incident">Çınar incident</a>", named for the Turkish word for the <a href="/wiki/Acer_pseudoplatanus" title="Acer pseudoplatanus">sycamore tree</a> takes place after Ottoman Sultan Mehmet IV declines the request of soldiers to have 30 named government officials put to death. When Mehmet agrees only to dismiss the people from office, the rebels seek out the men on the list and publicly hang most of them from the cinar trees.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">March 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Zurnazen_Mustafa_Pasha" title="Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha">Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha</a> is appointed as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire after persuading Mehmet IV to rescind the February 28 selection of <a href="/wiki/Gazi_H%C3%BCseyin_Pasha" title="Gazi Hüseyin Pasha">Gazi Hüseyin Pasha</a>. Zurnazen Mustafa's rule lasts only four hours and he is sent into exile the same day.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">March 7</a> – The <a href="/wiki/First_War_of_Villmergen" title="First War of Villmergen">First War of Villmergen</a> in the Confederation of <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> ends with a peace agreement, mediated by France and the Duchy of Savoy, between the Protestant and Roman Catholic cantons.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">March 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaros%C5%82aw_(1656)" title="Battle of Jarosław (1656)">Battle of Jaroslaw</a>: Almost a month after their defeat by Sweden at the Battle of Golab, Polish and Lithuanian troops commanded by <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Czarniecki" title="Stefan Czarniecki">Stefan Czarniecki</a> defeat King Karl X Gustav's Swedish Army.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_23" title="March 23">March 23</a> – Roman Catholic <a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_VII" title="Pope Alexander VII">Pope Alexander VII</a> issues a decree ending the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Rites_controversy" title="Chinese Rites controversy">Chinese Rites controversy</a> between Jesuit missionaries (who tolerate the rites as compatible with Catholicism) and Dominican and Franciscan missionaries (who consider the Chinese rituals incompatible). The Pope rules that practices ""favorable to Chinese customs", including Confucianism and ancestor worship, can be accepted as compatible with Catholic rites.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_1" title="April 1">April 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_II_Casimir_Vasa" title="John II Casimir Vasa">John II Casimir Vasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Poland">King of Poland</a>, crowns the <a href="/wiki/Black_Madonna_of_Cz%C4%99stochowa" title="Black Madonna of Częstochowa">Black Madonna of Częstochowa</a> as Queen and Protector of Poland in the cathedral of <a href="/wiki/Lw%C3%B3w" class="mw-redirect" title="Lwów">Lwów</a>, after the miraculous saving of the <a href="/wiki/Jasna_G%C3%B3ra_Monastery" title="Jasna Góra Monastery">Jasna Góra Monastery</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Deluge_(history)" title="Deluge (history)">Deluge</a>, an event which changed the course of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Northern War">Second Northern War</a>. The King swears a vow, the <a href="/wiki/Lw%C3%B3w_Oath" title="Lwów Oath">Lwów Oath</a>, pledging to protect Poland's people from being conquered again.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2" title="April 2">April 2</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brussels_(1656)" title="Treaty of Brussels (1656)">Treaty of Brussels</a> is signed, creating an alliance between <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip IV of Spain</a> and the exiled Royalists of the <a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_28" title="April 28">April 28</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a> ship <i><a href="/wiki/Vergulde_Draeck" title="Vergulde Draeck">Vergulde Draeck</a></i>, with 193 crew aboard and a valuable cargo is wrecked off <a href="/wiki/Ledge_Point,_Western_Australia" title="Ledge Point, Western Australia">Ledge Point, Western Australia</a>, with the loss of 118 members. Another 75 make it to shore, with limited provisions. The ship had been bound from the <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a> to <a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a> (now Jakarta in Indonesia).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_7" title="May 7">May 7</a> – Nine days after the wreck of the <i>Vergulde Draeck</i>, a steersman and six crew members are dispatched to Batavia to get help. The other 68 survivors remain at Ledge Point and await rescue but are not seen again.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">May 12</a> – The Dutch capture the city of <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, marking the start of Netherlands colonial rule of <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ceylon" title="Dutch Ceylon">Dutch Ceylon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">May 17</a> – In elections by the nobility of Venice for the <a href="/wiki/Doge_of_Venice" title="Doge of Venice">Leader of the Venetian Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cornaro_(Doge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesco Cornaro (Doge)">Francesco Cornaro</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Bertuccio_Valier" title="Bertuccio Valier">Bertuccio Valier</a>. Cornaro dies less than three weeks later, on June 5.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">June 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bertuccio_Valier" title="Bertuccio Valier">Bertuccio Valier</a> is elected as the new <a href="/wiki/Doge_of_Venice" title="Doge of Venice">Doge of the Venetian Republic</a> in Venice.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_16" title="June 16">June 16</a> – After a 41-day voyage, the seven-member team dispatched from the <i>Vergulde Draeck</i> reaches Batavia and alerts Dutch East India Company officials that the ship was wrecked on April 28. Two rescue ships, the <i>Goede Hoop</i> and the <i>Witte Valck</i> are sent to rescue the men marooned in Western Australia. By the time the <i>Goede Hoop</i> arrives, the crew find no sign of the wreckage of the <i>Vergulde Draeck</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> – Poland's capital, <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, is recaptured by Poland's <a href="/wiki/John_II_Casimir_Vasa" title="John II Casimir Vasa">John II Casimir Vasa</a> 11 months after the capital had fallen on July 25, 1655 to Sweden.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_27" title="June 27">June 27</a> – The Navy of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> suffers a major defeat after two days of fighting against the navies of the Republic of <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian Navy">Venice</a> and of Malta in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dardanelles_(1656)" title="Battle of the Dardanelles (1656)">Battle of the Dardanelles</a>, one of the Turkish straits that connects the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. Out of 98 Ottoman Turkish ships under the command of Kenan Pasha, 82 are either captured or destroyed. Venice loses only three of its ships, but its commander, Admiral Lorenzo Marcello, is killed by a direct cannon hit to his flagship.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Marienburg" title="Treaty of Marienburg">Treaty of Marienburg</a> is signed by representatives of Sweden and of Brandenburg and Prussia to create a military alliance during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Northern War">Second Northern War</a>. King Karl X Gustav signs for Sweden and the Elector <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg" title="Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg">Friedrich Wilhelm</a> signs for Brandenburg and Prussia.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">July 18</a> – In an attempt to find survivors of the <i><a href="/wiki/Vergulde_Draeck" title="Vergulde Draeck">Vergulde Draeck</a></i>, a search party is sent ashore by the rescue ship <i>Goede Hoop</i>; eleven men from two search parties while in the forests around the wreckage site. No trace of the <i>Vergulde Draeck</i> will be found for more than three centuries, until its wreckage is discovered by skin divers on April 13, 1963.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">July 27</a> – A Writ of Excommunication is issued against <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Baruch Spinoza</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_30" title="July 30">July 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Warsaw_(1656)" title="Battle of Warsaw (1656)">After a battle of three days</a>, Swedish and Brandenburger troops led by King <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_Gustav_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles X Gustav of Sweden">Charles X Gustav of Sweden</a>, defeat the forces of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> and recapture the recently liberated capital.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> – In the <a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Ayutthaya Kingdom</a>, comprising most of the territory now occupied by <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, King <a href="/wiki/Prasat_Thong" title="Prasat Thong">Prasat Thong</a> dies after a reign of more than 25 years. His eldest son, Prince Chao Fa Chai, is crowned as <a href="/wiki/Chai_(king_of_Ayutthaya)" title="Chai (king of Ayutthaya)">King Sanpet VI</a> but Prasat's brother plots the new king's overthrow.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">August 9</a> – King Sanpet's uncle, Prince <a href="/wiki/Si_Suthammaracha" title="Si Suthammaracha">Si Suthammaracha</a>, stages a coup d'etat and becomes the new King of Ayutthaya, now Thailand. Suthammaracha appoints another nephew, Prince Narai, as his chief minister and former King Sanpet is executed two days later on August 11. Suthammaracha's reign lasts less than three months.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_14" title="August 14">August 14</a> – In one of the first battles of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Swedish_War_(1656%E2%80%931658)" title="Russo-Swedish War (1656–1658)">Russo-Swedish War</a>, Russian troops <a href="/wiki/Storm_of_Kokenhusen" title="Storm of Kokenhusen">capture the Swedish-controlled city of Kokenhusen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Livonia" title="Swedish Livonia">Swedish Livonia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>). <a href="/wiki/Alexis_of_Russia" title="Alexis of Russia">Tsar Alexis</a>, ruler of the Russian Empire and the leader of the Russian troops in battle, renames Kokenhausen "Tsarevich-Dmitriev" in honor of his late first-born son. Russia holds the city for more than 30 years before it is ceded back to Sweden. Kokenhusen is now the Latvian town of <a href="/wiki/Koknese" title="Koknese">Koknese</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_27" title="August 27">August 27</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Butre" title="Treaty of Butre">Treaty of Butre</a> is signed in West Africa by representatives of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_West_India_Company" title="Dutch West India Company">Dutch West India Company</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Ahanta_people" title="Ahanta people">Ahanta Kingdom</a> and allows the Netherlands to have a protectorate over the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Gold_Coast" title="Dutch Gold Coast">Dutch Gold Coast</a>. The area is now part of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Ghana">Republic of Ghana</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCl%C3%BC_Mehmed_Pasha" title="Köprülü Mehmed Pasha">Köprülü Mehmed Pasha</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/Grand_Vizier" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Vizier">Grand Vizier</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_26" title="October 26">October 26</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Si_Suthammaracha" title="Si Suthammaracha">Si Suthammaracha</a> of Ayutthaya (now Thailand) is overthrown in a coup d'etat by his nephew and former ally, Prince Narai, 11 weeks after having staged a coup to seize the throne. Narai is crowned as <a href="/wiki/Narai" title="Narai">King Ramathibodi III</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Truce_of_Vilna" title="Truce of Vilna">Truce of Vilna</a> is signed between Russia and the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>. In addition to agreeing to a temporary ceasefire in their <a href="/wiki/Russo-Polish_War_(1654%E2%80%931667)" title="Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)">ongoing war</a>, Tsar <a href="/wiki/Alexis_of_Russia" title="Alexis of Russia">Alexis of Russia</a> agrees to help defend the commonwealth against <a href="/wiki/Deluge_(history)" title="Deluge (history)">Sweden's invasion</a> in return for Tsar Alexis being named heir to the thrones of Poland and Lithuania by King <a href="/wiki/John_II_Casimir_Vasa" title="John II Casimir Vasa">John II Casimir Vasa</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ali_Adil_Shah_II" title="Ali Adil Shah II">Ali Adil Shah II</a> becomes the new <a href="/wiki/Adil_Shahi_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Adil Shahi dynasty">Sultan of Bijapur</a> (located in what is now India's <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a> state) upon the death of his father, <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Adil_Shah,_Sultan_of_Bijapur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur">Mohammed Adil Shah</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a> – At the age of 13, <a href="/wiki/Afonso_VI_of_Portugal" title="Afonso VI of Portugal">Prince Afonso, Duke of Braganza</a> becomes the new <a href="/wiki/King_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Portugal">King of Portugal</a> upon the death of his father, <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Portugal" title="John IV of Portugal">King João IV</a>. Because of his age and a mental disability King Afonso VI's authority is exercised instead by his mother, <a href="/wiki/Luisa_de_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Luisa de Guzmán">Queen Luisa</a>, as <a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Regent of Portugal">Regent</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Labiau" title="Treaty of Labiau">Treaty of Labiau</a> is signed, between <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_Gustav_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles X Gustav of Sweden">Charles X Gustav of Sweden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg" title="Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg">Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Vienna_(1656)" title="Treaty of Vienna (1656)">A treaty of alliance</a> is signed between the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Radnot" title="Treaty of Radnot">Treaty of Radnot</a> is signed between Sweden, the Electorate of Brandenburg, Transylvania (now Romania), and two rebels groups within Poland on how to divide the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> in the event of a victory in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Northern War">Second Northern War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_16" title="December 16">December 16</a> – English Quaker <a href="/wiki/James_Nayler" title="James Nayler">James Nayler</a> is convicted of <a href="/wiki/Blasphemy" title="Blasphemy">blasphemy</a> but spared the death penalty.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">December 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">King Frederick III of Denmark and Norway</a> decrees that loan repayments and payments of interest to lenders will be made on two specific days, May 29 and June 11, each one nicknamed the <i>Fandens fødselsdag</i> or "<a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Birthday" title="Devil's Birthday">Devil's Birthday</a>",</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Pendulum_clock" title="Pendulum clock">pendulum clock</a> is invented by <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Christiaan Huygens</a>, so accurate that it only loses 10 seconds per day. Huygens will mention the date in a letter to Ismail Boulliau a year later. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undated">Undated</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Undated"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Stockholms_Banco" title="Stockholms Banco">Stockholm Banco</a>, the first bank to issue <a href="/wiki/Banknotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Banknotes">banknotes</a>, is founded in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>.</li> <li>The only <a href="/wiki/English_fifty_shilling_coin" title="English fifty shilling coin">English fifty shilling coin</a> is minted.</li> <li>Konoike Zen'amon (son of Konoike Shinroku) founds a baking and money-changing business in <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adams%27_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Adams' Grammar School">Adams' Grammar School</a> at <a href="/wiki/Newport,_Shropshire" title="Newport, Shropshire">Newport, Shropshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> is founded by <a href="/wiki/William_Adams_(haberdasher)" title="William Adams (haberdasher)">William Adams</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physician" title="Physician">Physician</a> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Stockhausen" title="Samuel Stockhausen">Samuel Stockhausen</a> of the metal mining town of <a href="/wiki/Goslar" title="Goslar">Goslar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a> publishes his <i>Libellus de lithargyrii fumo noxio morbifico, ejusque metallico frequentiori morbo vulgò dicto die Hütten Katze oder Hütten Rauch</i> ("Treatise on the Noxious Fumes of <a href="/wiki/Litharge" title="Litharge">Litharge</a>, Diseases caused by them and Miners' Asthma"), a pioneering study of <a href="/wiki/Occupational_disease" title="Occupational disease">occupational disease</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johanna_Magdalena_von_Sachsen-Altenburg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Johanna_Magdalena_von_Sachsen-Altenburg.jpg/120px-Johanna_Magdalena_von_Sachsen-Altenburg.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Johanna_Magdalena_von_Sachsen-Altenburg.jpg/250px-Johanna_Magdalena_von_Sachsen-Altenburg.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>Duchess <a href="/wiki/Johanna_Magdalena_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Johanna Magdalena of Saxe-Altenburg">Johanna Magdalena of Saxe-Altenburg</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jan_Frans_van_Douven_006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Jan_Frans_van_Douven_006.jpg/120px-Jan_Frans_van_Douven_006.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Jan_Frans_van_Douven_006.jpg/250px-Jan_Frans_van_Douven_006.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="551" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jan_Frans_van_Douven" title="Jan Frans van Douven">Jan Frans van Douven</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693,_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_(Jacques_D%27_Agar)_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif/lossy-page1-110px-Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif/lossy-page1-165px-Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2760" data-file-height="3550" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ulrika_Eleonora_of_Denmark" title="Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark">Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edmond_Halley_072.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Edmond_Halley_072.jpg/110px-Edmond_Halley_072.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Edmond_Halley_072.jpg/165px-Edmond_Halley_072.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Edmond_Halley_072.jpg/220px-Edmond_Halley_072.jpg 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Halley" title="Edmond Halley">Edmond Halley</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Fleetwood" title="William Fleetwood">William Fleetwood</a>, Anglican bishop (d. <a href="/wiki/1723" title="1723">1723</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2" title="January 2">January 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Panelli_(painter)" title="Paolo Panelli (painter)">Paolo Panelli</a>, Italian <a href="/wiki/Painter" class="mw-redirect" title="Painter">painter</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1759" title="1759">1759</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a> – Duchess <a href="/wiki/Johanna_Magdalena_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Johanna Magdalena of Saxe-Altenburg">Johanna Magdalena of Saxe-Altenburg</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1686" title="1686">1686</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">January 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Ashburnham,_1st_Baron_Ashburnham" title="John Ashburnham, 1st Baron Ashburnham">John Ashburnham, 1st Baron Ashburnham</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1710" title="1710">1710</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">January 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Andrew" title="Samuel Andrew">Samuel Andrew</a>, American Congregational clergyman and educator (d. <a href="/wiki/1738" title="1738">1738</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Churchill_(British_Army_officer,_born_1656)" title="Charles Churchill (British Army officer, born 1656)">Charles Churchill</a>, English Army general and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1714" title="1714">1714</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rose_Venerini" title="Rose Venerini">Rose Venerini</a>, Italian saint, educational pioneer (d. <a href="/wiki/1728" title="1728">1728</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_10" title="February 10">February 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Marsin" title="Ferdinand de Marsin">Ferdinand de Marsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_France" title="Marshal of France">Marshal of France</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1706" title="1706">1706</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_16" title="February 16">February 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Cary,_5th_Viscount_of_Falkland" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Cary, 5th Viscount of Falkland">Anthony Cary, 5th Viscount of Falkland</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1694" title="1694">1694</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1" title="March 1">March 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Angela_Caterina_d%27Este" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Angela Caterina d'Este">Maria Angela Caterina d'Este</a>, Italian princess (d. <a href="/wiki/1722" title="1722">1722</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2" title="March 2">March 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jan_Frans_van_Douven" title="Jan Frans van Douven">Jan Frans van Douven</a>, Dutch painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1727" title="1727">1727</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">March 11</a> – Duchess <a href="/wiki/Marie_Elisabeth_of_Hesse-Darmstadt" title="Marie Elisabeth of Hesse-Darmstadt">Marie Elisabeth of Hesse-Darmstadt</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">March 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hachisuka_Tsunamichi" title="Hachisuka Tsunamichi">Hachisuka Tsunamichi</a>, Japanese daimyō, ruler of the Tokushima Domain (d. <a href="/wiki/1678" title="1678">1678</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_26" title="March 26">March 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Hartsoeker" title="Nicolaas Hartsoeker">Nicolaas Hartsoeker</a>, Dutch mathematician and physicist (d. <a href="/wiki/1725" title="1725">1725</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_30" title="March 30">March 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_de_Largilli%C3%A8re" title="Nicolas de Largillière">Nicolas de Largillière</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Bussi_(1656%E2%80%931726)" title="Giovanni Battista Bussi (1656–1726)">Giovanni Batista Bussi</a>, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1726" title="1726">1726</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Andr%C3%A9s_de_Ustariz" title="Juan Andrés de Ustariz">Juan Andrés de Ustariz</a>, Royal Governor of Cuba (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_17" title="April 17">April 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Molyneux" title="William Molyneux">William Molyneux</a>, Irish politician, philosopher and writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1698" title="1698">1698</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_9" title="April 9">April 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Trevisani" title="Francesco Trevisani">Francesco Trevisani</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Lepage_de_Sainte-Claire" title="René Lepage de Sainte-Claire">René Lepage de Sainte-Claire</a>, lord-founder of <a href="/wiki/Rimouski" title="Rimouski">Rimouski</a> in eastern <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, Canada (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">April 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_de_Maillet" title="Benoît de Maillet">Benoît de Maillet</a>, French diplomat and natural historian (d. <a href="/wiki/1738" title="1738">1738</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23" title="April 23">April 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anton_Egon,_Prince_of_F%C3%BCrstenberg-Heiligenberg" title="Anton Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg">Anton Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg</a>, Governor of the Electorate of Saxony (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Richard_Levinge,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Richard Levinge, 1st Baronet">Sir Richard Levinge, 1st Baronet</a>, Anglo-Irish politician and judge (d. <a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_4" title="May 4">May 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Louis_I,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Dornburg" title="John Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Dornburg">John Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Dornburg</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1704" title="1704">1704</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_8" title="May 8">May 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Mainwaring,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir John Mainwaring, 2nd Baronet">Sir John Mainwaring, 2nd Baronet</a>, English member of Parliament (d. <a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_23" title="May 23">May 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Rawson" title="Rebecca Rawson">Rebecca Rawson</a>, Massachusetts heroine of the 1849 book <i>Leaves from Margaret Smith's Journal</i> (d. <a href="/wiki/1692" title="1692">1692</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anton_Florian,_Prince_of_Liechtenstein" title="Anton Florian, Prince of Liechtenstein">Anton Florian, Prince of Liechtenstein</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1721" title="1721">1721</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_31" title="May 31">May 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marin_Marais" title="Marin Marais">Marin Marais</a>, French composer and viol player (d. <a href="/wiki/1728" title="1728">1728</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pitton_de_Tournefort" title="Joseph Pitton de Tournefort">Joseph Pitton de Tournefort</a>, French botanist (d. <a href="/wiki/1708" title="1708">1708</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_17" title="June 17">June 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Thymich" title="Paul Thymich">Paul Thymich</a>, German poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1694" title="1694">1694</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">July 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Leyser_III" title="Polykarp Leyser III">Polykarp Leyser III</a>, German Lutheran theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1725" title="1725">1725</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">July 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Leake" title="John Leake">John Leake</a>, English Royal Navy admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1720" title="1720">1720</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_5" title="July 5">July 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton,_2nd_Lord_Belhaven_and_Stenton" title="John Hamilton, 2nd Lord Belhaven and Stenton">John Hamilton, 2nd Lord Belhaven and Stenton</a>, Scottish politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1708" title="1708">1708</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Guru_Har_Krishan" title="Guru Har Krishan">Guru Har Krishan</a>, 8th Guru of Sikhism (d. <a href="/wiki/1664" title="1664">1664</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Massimiliano_Soldani_Benzi" title="Massimiliano Soldani Benzi">Massimiliano Soldani Benzi</a>, Italian sculptor (d. <a href="/wiki/1740" title="1740">1740</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Langbaine" title="Gerard Langbaine">Gerard Langbaine</a>, English dramatic biographer and critic (d. <a href="/wiki/1692" title="1692">1692</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_16" title="July 16">July 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Ashby_(MP)" title="George Ashby (MP)">George Ashby</a>, English member of Parliament (d. <a href="/wiki/1728" title="1728">1728</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">July 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Bouvet" title="Joachim Bouvet">Joachim Bouvet</a>, French Jesuit active in China (d. <a href="/wiki/1730" title="1730">1730</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">July 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Bernhard_Fischer_von_Erlach" title="Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach">Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach</a>, Austrian architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1723" title="1723">1723</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Forbin" title="Claude de Forbin">Claude de Forbin</a>, French naval commander (d. <a href="/wiki/1733" title="1733">1733</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Visdelou" title="Claude de Visdelou">Claude de Visdelou</a>, French missionary (d. <a href="/wiki/1737" title="1737">1737</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_Knaut" title="Christian Knaut">Christian Knaut</a>, German physician (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Galli-Bibiena" title="Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena">Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1743" title="1743">1743</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_6" title="September 6">September 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Dubois" title="Guillaume Dubois">Guillaume Dubois</a>, French cardinal and statesman (d. <a href="/wiki/1723" title="1723">1723</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Molesworth,_1st_Viscount_Molesworth" title="Robert Molesworth, 1st Viscount Molesworth">Robert Molesworth, 1st Viscount Molesworth</a>, Irish politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1725" title="1725">1725</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_9" title="September 9">September 9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Caspar_Ferdinand_Fischer" title="Johann Caspar Ferdinand Fischer">Johann Caspar Ferdinand Fischer</a>, German organist and composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hewet" title="Thomas Hewet">Thomas Hewet</a>, English landowner and architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1726" title="1726">1726</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">September 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ulrika_Eleonora_of_Denmark" title="Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark">Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark</a>, Swedish queen consort (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_14" title="September 14">September 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Baker_(antiquarian)" title="Thomas Baker (antiquarian)">Thomas Baker</a>, English antiquarian (d. <a href="/wiki/1740" title="1740">1740</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">September 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_des_Bouverie" title="William des Bouverie">William des Bouverie</a>, English aristocrat and merchant (d. <a href="/wiki/1717" title="1717">1717</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2" title="October 2">October 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Carr%C3%A9" title="Hendrik Carré">Hendrik Carré</a>, Dutch painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1721" title="1721">1721</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_20" title="October 20">October 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_de_Largilli%C3%A8re" title="Nicolas de Largillière">Nicolas de Largillière</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georg_Reutter" title="Georg Reutter">Georg Reutter</a>, German composer and organist (d. <a href="/wiki/1738" title="1738">1738</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_8" title="November 8">November 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edmond_Halley" title="Edmond Halley">Edmond Halley</a>, English scientist (d. <a href="/wiki/1742" title="1742">1742</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_18" title="November 18">November 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_de_Tourreil" title="Jacques de Tourreil">Jacques de Tourreil</a>, French lawyer (d. <a href="/wiki/1714" title="1714">1714</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – Duchess <a href="/wiki/Eleonore_Charlotte_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg-Montb%C3%A9liard" title="Eleonore Charlotte of Württemberg-Montbéliard">Eleonore Charlotte of Württemberg-Montbéliard</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1743" title="1743">1743</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacob_de_Heusch" title="Jacob de Heusch">Jacob de Heusch</a>, Dutch painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Oldfield" title="Joshua Oldfield">Joshua Oldfield</a>, English Presbyterian minister (d. <a href="/wiki/1729" title="1729">1729</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">December 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Michael_Rottmayr" title="Johann Michael Rottmayr">Johann Michael Rottmayr</a>, Austrian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1730" title="1730">1730</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Abercromby" title="Patrick Abercromby">Patrick Abercromby</a>, Scottish physician and antiquarian (d. c. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Oriana_Galli-Bibiena" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Oriana Galli-Bibiena">Maria Oriana Galli-Bibiena</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1749" title="1749">1749</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kateri_Tekakwitha" title="Kateri Tekakwitha">Kateri Tekakwitha</a>, Native American beatified in the Roman Catholic Church (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terborch_Goyenuv_portret.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Terborch_Goyenuv_portret.jpg/120px-Terborch_Goyenuv_portret.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Terborch_Goyenuv_portret.jpg/250px-Terborch_Goyenuv_portret.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="641" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Goyen" title="Jan van Goyen">Jan van Goyen</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rubens_John,_Duke_of_Braganza.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Rubens_John%2C_Duke_of_Braganza.jpg/110px-Rubens_John%2C_Duke_of_Braganza.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Rubens_John%2C_Duke_of_Braganza.jpg/165px-Rubens_John%2C_Duke_of_Braganza.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Rubens_John%2C_Duke_of_Braganza.jpg/220px-Rubens_John%2C_Duke_of_Braganza.jpg 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="871" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Portugal" title="John IV of Portugal">John IV of Portugal</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">January 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mathieu_Mol%C3%A9" title="Mathieu Molé">Mathieu Molé</a>, French statesman (b. <a href="/wiki/1584" title="1584">1584</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">January 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Augustus,_Duke_of_Saxe-Lauenburg" title="Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg">Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg</a>, German noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_22" title="January 22">January 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Francis,_Prince_of_Carignano" title="Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano">Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">February 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Hastings,_6th_Earl_of_Huntingdon" title="Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon">Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1609" title="1609">1609</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_25" title="February 25">February 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henriette_Catherine_de_Joyeuse" title="Henriette Catherine de Joyeuse">Henriette Catherine de Joyeuse</a>, Duke of Joyeuse (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_27" title="February 27">February 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Meleki_Hatun" title="Meleki Hatun">Meleki Hatun</a>, influential Ottoman lady-in-waiting (killed by rebels)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">March 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Ussher" title="James Ussher">James Ussher</a>, Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland (b. <a href="/wiki/1581" title="1581">1581</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">March 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georg_Calixtus" title="Georg Calixtus">Georg Calixtus</a>, German Lutheran theologian who looked to reconcile all Christendom (b. <a href="/wiki/1586" title="1586">1586</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Arciszewski" title="Krzysztof Arciszewski">Krzysztof Arciszewski</a>, Polish-Lithuanian noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1592" title="1592">1592</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Pietersz_Hulft" title="Gerard Pietersz Hulft">Gerard Pietersz Hulft</a>, Dutch general (b. <a href="/wiki/1621" title="1621">1621</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fincke" title="Thomas Fincke">Thomas Fincke</a>, Danish mathematician and physicist (b. <a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Goyen" title="Jan van Goyen">Jan van Goyen</a>, Dutch painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_van_Honthorst" title="Gerard van Honthorst">Gerard van Honthorst</a>, Dutch painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1592" title="1592">1592</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">May 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Contarini" title="Carlo Contarini">Carlo Contarini</a>, Doge of Venice (b. <a href="/wiki/1580" title="1580">1580</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">May 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dirck_Hals" title="Dirck Hals">Dirck Hals</a>, Dutch painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1591" title="1591">1591</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_19" title="May 19">May 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Louis,_Prince_of_Nassau-Dillenburg" title="George Louis, Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg">George Louis, Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg</a>, German noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1618" title="1618">1618</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cornaro_(Doge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesco Cornaro (Doge)">Francesco Cornaro</a>, Doge of Venice (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">June 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tomkins" title="Thomas Tomkins">Thomas Tomkins</a>, Welsh-born composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1572" title="1572">1572</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_12" title="June 12">June 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Worsley" title="Charles Worsley">Charles Worsley</a>, English soldier and politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1622" title="1622">1622</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_van_der_Sandt" title="Maximilian van der Sandt">Maximilian van der Sandt</a>, Dutch theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1578" title="1578">1578</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">July 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Marie,_comte_de_Broglie" title="François-Marie, comte de Broglie">François-Marie, comte de Broglie</a>, Italian-born French commander (b. <a href="/wiki/1611" title="1611">1611</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_12" title="July 12">July 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Giacomo_Barbelli" title="Giovanni Giacomo Barbelli">Giovanni Giacomo Barbelli</a>, Italian painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1604" title="1604">1604</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A1s_Garcia_de_Mascarenhas" title="Brás Garcia de Mascarenhas">Brás Garcia de Mascarenhas</a>, Portuguese soldier, poet and writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_11" title="August 11">August 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ottavio_Piccolomini" title="Ottavio Piccolomini">Ottavio Piccolomini</a>, Austrian-Italian field marshal (b. <a href="/wiki/1599" title="1599">1599</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_17" title="August 17">August 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marie_Anne_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Marie Anne d'Orléans">Marie Anne d'Orléans</a>, French princess (b. <a href="/wiki/1652" title="1652">1652</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aegidius_Gelenius" title="Aegidius Gelenius">Aegidius Gelenius</a>, German heraldist (b. <a href="/wiki/1595" title="1595">1595</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">September 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hall_(bishop)" title="Joseph Hall (bishop)">Joseph Hall</a>, English bishop and writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1574" title="1574">1574</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_22" title="September 22">September 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_II,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Bernburg" title="Christian II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg">Christian II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg</a> since 1630 (b. <a href="/wiki/1599" title="1599">1599</a>)</li> <li>October – <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bachiler" title="Stephen Bachiler">Stephen Bachiler</a>, English clergyman (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">October 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Myles_Standish" title="Myles Standish">Myles Standish</a>, <i>Mayflower</i> colonist (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1584" title="1584">1584</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_8" title="October 8">October 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_George_I,_Elector_of_Saxony" title="John George I, Elector of Saxony">John George I, Elector of Saxony</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_12" title="October 12">October 12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Alonso_y_Oc%C3%B3n" title="Juan Alonso y Ocón">Juan Alonso y Ocón</a>, Spanish Catholic prelate, Archbishop of La Plata o Charcas (b. <a href="/wiki/1597" title="1597">1597</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Tellez-Gir%C3%B3n_y_Enriquez_de_Ribera,_4th_Duke_of_Osuna" title="Juan Tellez-Girón y Enriquez de Ribera, 4th Duke of Osuna">Juan Tellez-Girón y Enriquez de Ribera, 4th Duke of Osuna</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1597" title="1597">1597</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">October 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Baffa_Trasci" title="Ferruccio Baffa Trasci">Ferruccio Baffa Trasci</a>, Italian bishop (b. <a href="/wiki/1590" title="1590">1590</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a> <ul><li>King <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Portugal" title="John IV of Portugal">John IV of Portugal</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1604" title="1604">1604</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Morin_(mathematician)" title="Jean-Baptiste Morin (mathematician)">Jean-Baptiste Morin</a>, French mathematician (b. <a href="/wiki/1583" title="1583">1583</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_12" title="November 12">November 12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albrycht_Stanis%C5%82aw_Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82" title="Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł">Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł</a>, Polish nobleman (b. <a href="/wiki/1595" title="1595">1595</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrick_van_Anthonissen" title="Hendrick van Anthonissen">Hendrick van Anthonissen</a>, Dutch painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1605" title="1605">1605</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_dal_Borro" title="Alessandro dal Borro">Alessandro dal Borro</a>, Austrian field marshal (b. <a href="/wiki/1600" title="1600">1600</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Beck" title="David Beck">David Beck</a>, Dutch portrait painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1621" title="1621">1621</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_21" title="December 21">December 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Trevor_(1586%E2%80%931656)" title="Thomas Trevor (1586–1656)">Thomas Trevor</a>, English politician and judge (b. <a href="/wiki/1586" title="1586">1586</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_27" title="December 27">December 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Andrew_White_(Jesuit)" title="Andrew White (Jesuit)">Andrew White</a>, Apostle of Maryland (b. <a href="/wiki/1579" title="1579">1579</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_28" title="December 28">December 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Laurent_de_La_Hyre" title="Laurent de La Hyre">Laurent de La Hyre</a>, French Baroque painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1606" title="1606">1606</a>)</li> <li><i>Date unknown</i> – <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Calcese" title="Andrea Calcese">Andrea Calcese</a>, Italian Baroque era comic actor (plague) (b. 1595)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1656&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Clocks and Watches: THe Leap to Precision", by William J.H. Andrewes, in <i>Encyclopedia of Time</i>, ed. by Samuel L. Macey (Routledge, 2013) p. 124 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEisinger1982" class="citation journal cs1">Eisinger, J. (July 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1139187">"Lead and wine: Eberhard Gockel and the colica Pictonum"</a>. <i>Medical History</i>. <b>26</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">279–</span>302. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0025727300041508">10.1017/s0025727300041508</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0025-7273">0025-7273</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1139187">1139187</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6750289">6750289</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+History&rft.atitle=Lead+and+wine%3A+Eberhard+Gockel+and+the+colica+Pictonum&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E279-%3C%2Fspan%3E302&rft.date=1982-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1139187%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0025-7273&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6750289&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0025727300041508&rft.aulast=Eisinger&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1139187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1656" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRisse2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Guenter_B._Risse" title="Guenter B. Risse">Risse, Guenter B.</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1E1zksfOfscC&dq=Samuel+Stockhausen&pg=PA207"><i>New Medical Challenges During the Scottish Enlightenment</i></a>. Amsterdam: Rodopi. p. 207. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-420-1814-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-420-1814-3"><bdi>90-420-1814-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Medical+Challenges+During+the+Scottish+Enlightenment&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pages=207&rft.pub=Rodopi&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=90-420-1814-3&rft.aulast=Risse&rft.aufirst=Guenter+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1E1zksfOfscC%26dq%3DSamuel%2BStockhausen%26pg%3DPA207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1656" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRosen1943" class="citation book cs1">Rosen, George (1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FHYaAAAAMAAJ&q=Samuel+Stockhausen"><i>The History of Miners' Diseases: a medical and social interpretation</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(book preview)</span>. Schuman's. p. 10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Miners%27+Diseases%3A+a+medical+and+social+interpretation&rft.pages=10&rft.pub=Schuman%27s&rft.date=1943&rft.aulast=Rosen&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFHYaAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DSamuel%2BStockhausen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1656" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1656&oldid=1262193432">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1656&oldid=1262193432</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1656" title="Category:1656">1656</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leap_years_in_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar">Leap years in the Gregorian calendar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_March_2022" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from March 2022">Articles needing additional references from March 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 10 December 2024, at 02:37<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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