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</div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ประวัติศาสตร์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ประวัติศาสตร์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ประวัติศาสตร์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ประวัติศาสตร์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ความยาวของวีเอชเอส" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ความยาวของวีเอชเอส"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ความยาวของวีเอชเอส</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ความยาวของวีเอชเอส-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-วิธีเปิด" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#วิธีเปิด"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>วิธีเปิด</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-วิธีเปิด-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">วีเอชเอส</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 59 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D8%A5%D8%B3" title="في إتش إس – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="في إتش إس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – บัลแกเรีย" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="บัลแกเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – เช็ก" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="เช็ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – เดนมาร์ก" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="เดนมาร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Home_System" title="Video Home System – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Video Home System" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – กรีก" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="กรีก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – เอสเปรันโต" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="เอสเปรันโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – เอสโตเนีย" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="เอสโตเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – บาสก์" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="บาสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A6%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="سیستم ویدئوی خانگی – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیستم ویدئوی خانگی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Home_System" title="Video Home System – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Video Home System" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ไอริช" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ไอริช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – กาลิเซีย" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="กาลิเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ฮิบรู" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ฮิบรู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – โครเอเชีย" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B8_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Տնային վիդեո համակարգ – อาร์เมเนีย" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տնային վիդեո համակարգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="อาร์เมเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Home_System" title="Video Home System – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Video Home System" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ไอซ์แลนด์" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ไอซ์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ลอมบาร์ด" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ลอมบาร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ลิทัวเนีย" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ลิทัวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Домашен видеосистем – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Домашен видеосистем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – มาเลย์" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="มาเลย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – มีรันดา" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="มีรันดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS_(video)" title="VHS (video) – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="VHS (video)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ปัมปังกา" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="ปัมปังกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Home_System" title="Video Home System – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Video Home System" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ซาคา" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ซาคา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – สกอตส์" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="สกอตส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Home_System" title="Video Home System – สโลวัก" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Video Home System" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="สโลวัก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – แอลเบเนีย" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="แอลเบเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ตากาล็อก" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ตากาล็อก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS_(c%C3%B4ng_ngh%E1%BB%87)" title="VHS (công nghệ) – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="VHS (công nghệ)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – จีนอู๋" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="จีนอู๋" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – ทามาไซต์โมร็อกโกมาตรฐาน" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="ทามาไซต์โมร็อกโกมาตรฐาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%A8%E5%BD%95%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="家用录像系统 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="家用录像系统" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS – จีนมินหนาน" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="VHS" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="จีนมินหนาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q183976#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ไทย</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ดู"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li 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id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เครื่องมือ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&page=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&id=11945690&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงบทความนี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25AA"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25AA"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:VHS" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q183976" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10224066">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-ไม่เป็นสารานุกรม plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:AFC-Logo_Decline.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/AFC-Logo_Decline.svg/40px-AFC-Logo_Decline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/AFC-Logo_Decline.svg/60px-AFC-Logo_Decline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/AFC-Logo_Decline.svg/80px-AFC-Logo_Decline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">บทความนี้ทั้งหมดหรือบางส่วน <b>มีเนื้อหา รูปแบบ หรือลักษณะการนำเสนอที่<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="วิกิพีเดีย:อะไรที่ไม่ใช่วิกิพีเดีย">ไม่เหมาะสมสำหรับสารานุกรม</a></b><span class="hide-when-compact"> โปรดอภิปรายปัญหาดังกล่าวใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" title="พูดคุย:วีเอชเอส">หน้าอภิปราย</a> หากบทความนี้เข้ากันได้กับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="วิกิพีเดีย:โครงการพี่น้อง">โครงการพี่น้อง</a> โปรดทำการแจ้ง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="แม่แบบ:ย้าย">ย้าย</a>แทน</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="วิธีใช้:การนำแม่แบบบำรุงรักษาออก">เรียนรู้ว่าจะนำสารแม่แบบนี้ออกได้อย่างไรและเมื่อไร</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:VHS_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/VHS_logo.svg/220px-VHS_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/VHS_logo.svg/330px-VHS_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/VHS_logo.svg/440px-VHS_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a><figcaption>โลโก้ วีเอชเอส</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:VHS-Video-Tape-Top-Flat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/VHS-Video-Tape-Top-Flat.jpg/220px-VHS-Video-Tape-Top-Flat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/VHS-Video-Tape-Top-Flat.jpg/330px-VHS-Video-Tape-Top-Flat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/VHS-Video-Tape-Top-Flat.jpg/440px-VHS-Video-Tape-Top-Flat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4400" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>ภาพของเทปวีเอชเอส</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:VHS-Kassette_01_KMJ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/VHS-Kassette_01_KMJ.jpg/220px-VHS-Kassette_01_KMJ.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/VHS-Kassette_01_KMJ.jpg/330px-VHS-Kassette_01_KMJ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/VHS-Kassette_01_KMJ.jpg/440px-VHS-Kassette_01_KMJ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption>ภาพของเทป<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ซูเปอร์วีเอชเอส (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ซูเปอร์วีเอชเอส</a> (S-VHS)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>วีเอชเอส</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">อังกฤษ</a>: <span lang="en">VHS</span>; ย่อมาจาก <i>Video Home System</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-latimes1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> หรือในประเทศไทยนิยมเรียกว่า <b>ม้วนวิดีโอ</b> หรือ <b>วิดีโอเทป</b> เป็น<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="มาตรฐานด้านเทคนิค (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">มาตรฐาน</a>การบันทึก<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD" title="วิดีโอ">วิดีโอ</a>เทป<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="อนาล็อก">อนาล็อก</a>ที่ออกแบบมาสำหรับผู้บริโภค และเป็นคู่แข่งกับ<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="เบตาแมกซ์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบตาแมกซ์</a>ซึ่งไม่ประสบความสำเร็จ พัฒนาโดย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5" title="เจวีซี">เจวีซี</a>ในปี พ.ศ. 2519 โดยเริ่มได้รับความนิยมเป็นอย่างมากตั้งแต่ขณะนั้น และก็เสื่อมความนิยมลงไปตั้งแต่ช่วงคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 21 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ประวัติศาสตร์"><span id=".E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B0.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A8.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.8C"></span>ประวัติศาสตร์</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ประวัติศาสตร์"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ในปี 1969 บริษัท JVC ได้ร่วมมือกับ Sony Corporation และ Matsushita Electric (Matsushita เป็นผู้ถือหุ้นรายใหญ่ของ JVC จนถึงปี 2011) เพื่อพัฒนามาตรฐานการบันทึกวิดีโอสำหรับผู้บริโภคชาวญี่ปุ่น<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ผลลัพธ์คือในปี 1971 ฟอร์แมต U-matic ได้ปรากฏขึ้น กลายเป็นฟอร์แมตเทปคาสเซ็ตแรกที่เป็นมาตรฐานเดียวกันสำหรับหลายบริษัท </p><p>ฟอร์แมต U-matic ประสบความสำเร็จในธุรกิจและในบางสาขาของการแพร่ภาพ เช่น การรวบรวมข่าวอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ และผลิตขึ้นโดยทั้งสามบริษัทเรื่อยมา จนถึงปลายทศวรรษ 1980 แต่เนื่องจากค่าใช้จ่ายสูงและเวลาการบันทึกจำกัด อุปกรณ์มีการขายเพื่อใช้ในบ้านน้อยมาก ดังนั้นไม่นานหลังจากที่ U-matic ถูกปล่อยออกมา บริษัททั้งสามจึงเริ่มทำงานเกี่ยวกับฟอร์แมตการบันทึกวิดีโอใหม่ๆ ของตนเองสำหรับผู้บริโภค Sony ได้เริ่มทำงานกับ Betamax, Matsushita เริ่มทำงานกับ VX, และ JVC ได้ปล่อย CR-6060 ในปี 1975 โดยอิงจากฟอร์แมต U-matic<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>เมื่อต้นปี 1972 อุตสาหกรรมการบันทึกวิดีโอเชิงพาณิชย์ในญี่ปุ่นประสบกับการสูญเสียทางการเงิน บริษัท JVC จึงตัดงบประมาณและปรับโครงสร้างส่วนวิดีโอของตนใหม่ เลื่อนโครงการ VHS ออกไป อย่างไรก็ตาม แม้จะขาดแคลนเงินทุน Takano และ Shiraishi ยังคงทำงานเกี่ยวกับโครงการอย่างลับๆ จนกระทั่งในปี 1973 วิศวกรทั้งสองได้สร้างต้นแบบที่ใช้งานได้จริง Betamax ของ Sony แข่งขันกับ VHS ในช่วงปลายทศวรรษ 1970 และตลอดทศวรรษ </p> <pre>1980<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ข้อได้เปรียบหลักของ Betamax คือขนาดของเทปคาสเซ็ตที่เล็กกว่า ตามทฤษฎีคุณภาพวิดีโอที่สูงกว่าและความพร้อมใช้งานที่เร็วกว่านี้ แต่ว่าเวลาการบันทึกที่สั้นลงกลายเป็นข้อเสียที่สำคัญ </pre> <p>เครื่อง Beta I ดั้งเดิมที่ใช้มาตรฐานโทรทัศน์ NTSC สามารถบันทึกโปรแกรมหนึ่งชั่วโมงด้วยความเร็วของเทปมาตรฐานที่ 1.5 นิ้วต่อวินาที (ips) เครื่อง VHS แรกๆ สามารถบันทึกได้สองชั่วโมงเนื่องจากความเร็วของเทปที่ต่ำกว่านิดหน่อย (1.31 ips) และความยาวของเทปที่ยาวกว่ามาก<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ความยาวของวีเอชเอส"><span id=".E0.B8.84.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.82.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B5.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.8A.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.AA"></span>ความยาวของวีเอชเอส</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ความยาวของวีเอชเอส"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ความยาวของวีเอชเอสไม่ได้นับเป็น <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="พหุคูณของไบต์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">พหุคูณของไบต์</a> แต่นับเป็นเวลา </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>ความยาวของเทปโดยทั่วไป (ชั่วโมง:นาที)</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">ฉลากเทป </th> <th rowspan="2">ความยาวเทป </th> <th colspan="3">เวลาบันทึก (NTSC) </th> <th colspan="3">เวลาบันทึก (PAL) </th></tr> <tr> <th>SP</th> <th>LP</th> <th>EP/SLP</th> <th>SP</th> <th>---</th> <th>LP </th></tr> <tr> <th>T-120 </th> <td>812 ft (247.5 m)</td> <td>2:00</td> <td>4:00</td> <td>6:00</td> <td>2:49</td> <td></td> <td>5:38 </td></tr> <tr> <th>T-160 </th> <td>1075 ft (327.7 m)</td> <td>2:40</td> <td>5:20</td> <td>8:00</td> <td>3:43</td> <td></td> <td>7:26 </td></tr> <tr> <th>T-180 </th> <td>1210 ft (368.8 m)</td> <td>3:00</td> <td>6:00</td> <td>9:00</td> <td>4:13</td> <td></td> <td>8:27 </td></tr> <tr> <th>T-210 </th> <td>1421 ft (433.1 m)</td> <td>3:30</td> <td>7:00</td> <td>10:30</td> <td>4:56</td> <td></td> <td>9:52 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">ฉลากเทป </th> <th rowspan="2">ความยาวเทป </th> <th colspan="3">เวลาบันทึก (PAL) </th> <th colspan="3">เวลาบันทึก (NTSC) </th></tr> <tr> <th>SP</th> <th>---</th> <th>LP</th> <th>SP</th> <th>LP</th> <th>EP/SLP </th></tr> <tr> <th>E-120 </th> <td>570 ft (173.7 m)</td> <td>2:00</td> <td></td> <td>4:00</td> <td>1:26</td> <td>2:52</td> <td>4:18 </td></tr> <tr> <th>E-180 </th> <td>851 ft (259.4 m)</td> <td>3:00</td> <td></td> <td>6:00</td> <td>2:09</td> <td>4:18</td> <td>6:27 </td></tr> <tr> <th>E-240 </th> <td>1142 ft (348.1 m)</td> <td>4:00</td> <td></td> <td>8:00</td> <td>2:53</td> <td>5:46</td> <td>8:39 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="วิธีเปิด"><span id=".E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.98.E0.B8.B5.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.94"></span>วิธีเปิด</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&section=3" title="แก้ไขส่วน: วิธีเปิด"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>วีเอชเอสนั้นสามารถเปิดได้ทั้ง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD" title="เครื่องบันทึกตลับวิดีโอ">เครื่องเล่นวีเอชเอส</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="กล้องถ่ายวิดีโอ">กล้องถ่ายวิดีโอ</a> นอกจากนี้<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="กล้องถ่ายรูป">กล้องถ่ายรูป</a> (บางชนิด) ก็สามารถใช้งานได้ ซึ่งจะมีที่สอดวีเอชเอสอยู่ เมื่อเปิดแล้วก็จะเห็นวิดีโอที่อยู่ในวีเอชเอส </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&section=4" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">ETHW (2006). IEEE History Center: Development of VHS. Page cites the original name as "Video Home System", from the original source, an article by Yuma Shiraishi, one of its inventors. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimiko_Glenn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimiko Glenn (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Kimiko Glenn</a> Retrieved on 2006-12-28 from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Milestones:Development_of_VHS,_a_World_Standard_for_Home_Video_Recording,_1976">http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Milestones:Development_of_VHS,_a_World_Standard_for_Home_Video_Recording,_1976</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10205087">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFFree1977" class="citation magazine cs1">Free, John (November 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bwEAAAAAMBAJ">"How good are they? New long-play video-cassette recorders"</a>. <i>Popular Science</i>. Times Mirror Magazine inc. p. 81.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Science&rft.atitle=How+good+are+they%3F+New+long-play+video-cassette+recorders&rft.pages=81&rft.date=1977-11&rft.aulast=Free&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbwEAAAAAMBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_bwEAAAAAMBAJ/page/n74">Alt URL</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-latimes1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-latimes1_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFBoucher2008" class="citation news cs1">Boucher, Geoff (December 22, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://articles.latimes.com/2008/dec/22/entertainment/et-vhs-tapes22">"VHS era is winding down"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=VHS+era+is+winding+down&rft.date=2008-12-22&rft.aulast=Boucher&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farticles.latimes.com%2F2008%2Fdec%2F22%2Fentertainment%2Fet-vhs-tapes22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/victor-company-of-japan-limited-history/">"Victor Company of Japan, Limited History"</a>. www.fundinguniverse.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Victor+Company+of+Japan%2C+Limited+History&rft.pub=www.fundinguniverse.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundinguniverse.com%2Fcompany-histories%2Fvictor-company-of-japan-limited-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/revisiting-the-vcrs-origins">"Revisiting the VCR's Origins"</a>. spectrum.ieee.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Revisiting+the+VCR%E2%80%99s+Origins&rft.pub=spectrum.ieee.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum.ieee.org%2Frevisiting-the-vcrs-origins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.twosquares.com/2023/04/25/the-format-wars-history-betamax-vs-vhs/">"The Format Wars History: Betamax vs. VHS"</a>. www.twosquares.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Format+Wars+History%3A+Betamax+vs.+VHS&rft.pub=www.twosquares.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.twosquares.com%2F2023%2F04%2F25%2Fthe-format-wars-history-betamax-vs-vhs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scihi.org/betamax-video-format-wars/">"Betamax and the Legendary Video Format Wars"</a>. scihi.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Betamax+and+the+Legendary+Video+Format+Wars&rft.pub=scihi.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscihi.org%2Fbetamax-video-format-wars%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/sony-corporation-history/">"Sony Corporation History"</a>. www.fundinguniverse.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sony+Corporation+History&rft.pub=www.fundinguniverse.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundinguniverse.com%2Fcompany-histories%2Fsony-corporation-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tapestodigital.com.au/blog/a-timeline-of-video-tapes-to-mp4-formats">"A Timeline of Video Tapes to MP4 Formats"</a>. tapestodigital.com.au<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Timeline+of+Video+Tapes+to+MP4+Formats&rft.pub=tapestodigital.com.au&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftapestodigital.com.au%2Fblog%2Fa-timeline-of-video-tapes-to-mp4-formats&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redsharknews.com/technology-computing/item/6436-betamax-vs-vhs-was-only-the-tip-of-the-iceberg-for-the-format-wars-of-the-80-s">"Betamax vs VHS was only the tip of the iceberg for the format wars of the 80's"</a>. www.redsharknews.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Betamax+vs+VHS+was+only+the+tip+of+the+iceberg+for+the+format+wars+of+the+80%27s&rft.pub=www.redsharknews.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redsharknews.com%2Ftechnology-computing%2Fitem%2F6436-betamax-vs-vhs-was-only-the-tip-of-the-iceberg-for-the-format-wars-of-the-80-s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://everpresent.com/first-movie-on-vhs/">"A Brief History of the First VHS Movie"</a>. everpresent.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2024-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+the+First+VHS+Movie&rft.pub=everpresent.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feverpresent.com%2Ffirst-movie-on-vhs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">เข้าถึงจาก "<a dir="ltr" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=วีเอชเอส&oldid=11945690">https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=วีเอชเอส&oldid=11945690</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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