CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Codex Vaticanus 2061 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"eb843840-f3e5-47cb-a1e8-5ac00815ebb1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Codex_Vaticanus_2061","wgTitle":"Codex Vaticanus 2061","wgCurRevisionId":1145203339,"wgRevisionId":1145203339,"wgArticleId":18482371,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: location missing publisher","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Palimpsests","Greek New Testament uncials","5th-century biblical manuscripts","Manuscripts of the Vatican Library"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Codex_Vaticanus_2061","wgRelevantArticleId":18482371,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true, "wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1106357","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false, "wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.17"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Codex Vaticanus 2061 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Codex_Vaticanus_2061 rootpage-Codex_Vaticanus_2061 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Codex+Vaticanus+2061" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Codex+Vaticanus+2061" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Codex+Vaticanus+2061" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Codex+Vaticanus+2061" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Palimpsest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Palimpsest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Palimpsest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Palimpsest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description_of_048" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description_of_048"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Description of 048</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description_of_048-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Text_of_048" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Text_of_048"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Text of 048</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Text_of_048-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Codex Vaticanus 2061</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_2061" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 2061 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 2061" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" title="Codex Vaticanus 2061 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Codex Vaticanus 2061" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" title="Codex Vaticanus 2061 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Codex Vaticanus 2061" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" title="Codex Vaticanus 2061 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Codex Vaticanus 2061" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_2061" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 2061 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 2061" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodeks_Watyka%C5%84ski_2061" title="Kodeks Watykański 2061 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kodeks Watykański 2061" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" title="Codex Vaticanus 2061 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Codex Vaticanus 2061" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_2061" title="Ватиканский кодекс 2061 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ватиканский кодекс 2061" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1106357#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Codex_Vaticanus_2061" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&oldid=1145203339" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&id=1145203339&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCodex_Vaticanus_2061"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCodex_Vaticanus_2061"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1106357" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the similarly named manuscript, see <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus" title="Codex Vaticanus">Codex Vaticanus</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">New Testament manuscript</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Uncial <b>048</b></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><b><a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#New_Testament_manuscripts" title="Biblical manuscript">New Testament manuscript</a></b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Name</th><td class="infobox-data">Codex Vaticanus 2061</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sign</th><td class="infobox-data">ב <sup>a, p</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Text</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of Apostles">Acts</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="General epistles">GE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pauline_epistles" title="Pauline epistles">Paul</a> †</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">5th century</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Script</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Now at</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican Library</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">30 cm by 27 cm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_text-type" title="Alexandrian text-type">Alexandrian text-type</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts" title="Categories of New Testament manuscripts">Category</a></th><td class="infobox-data">II</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Codex Vaticanus Graecus 2061</b>, usually known as <b>Uncial 048</b> (in the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#Gregory-Aland" title="Biblical manuscript">Gregory-Aland</a> numbering), α1 (<a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#Von_Soden" title="Biblical manuscript">Soden</a>), is a Greek <a href="/wiki/Uncial" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncial">uncial</a> <a href="/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript">manuscript</a> on parchment. It contains some parts of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>, homilies of several authors, and <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a></i>. Formerly it was known also as the <i>Codex Basilianus 100</i>, earlier as <i>Codex Patriniensis 27</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was designated by ב <sup>a, p</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The manuscript has survived in a fragmentary condition. It is a double palimpsest, it contains parts of the seven different literary works. They are written in several types of uncial script. The oldest text is from the 5th century, the youngest from the 10th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Palimpsest">Palimpsest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Palimpsest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The manuscript in some parts is a double <a href="/wiki/Palimpsest" title="Palimpsest">palimpsest</a>, with the biblical text having been overwritten twice, resulting in it being very difficult to read.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upper and youngest text contains <i>Homilies</i> of <a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a> from the 10th century, on 316 parchment leaves. The size of the single leaves is 23.5 by 22 cm.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leaves 254-292 contain a Gospel lectionary of the 7th/8th century, written in uncial letters in a single column, 14 lines per page.<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol62-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bernard_de_Montfaucon" title="Bernard de Montfaucon">Bernard de Montfaucon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Mai" title="Angelo Mai">Angelo Mai</a> saw the manuscript, but <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Batiffol" title="Pierre Batiffol">Pierre Batiffol</a> examined it in more detail. Gregory classified it as lectionary 559b on his list of the New Testament manuscripts.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory435_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory435-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At present it is classified under the number ℓ 2321 on the <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Testament_lectionaries" title="List of New Testament lectionaries">Gregory-Aland list</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leaves 164, 169, 174, 175, 209, 214, 217 contain text of a Gospel lectionary from the 8th/9th century, written in square uncial letters, in two columns, 21 lines, size 28.5 by 22 cm.<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol62-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was classified as lectionary 559a on the list of the New Testament lectionaries. Actually it is classified as ℓ 559 on the list Gregory-Aland. Gregory dated it to the 8th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory435_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory435-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leaves 138-163, 165-168, 170, 173, 176-178, 203-208, 210-213, 215-220, 223-226, 228, 231-233 contain text of <i>Homilies</i> from the 9th century, size 25.5 by 17 cm, in leaned uncial letters, two columns per page, and 27 lines per page.<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol62-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leaves 234, 236, 238, 239, 241, 243, 245, contain text of <i>Homilies</i> (of unknown authorship), from the 6th century, written in square uncial letters, size 19.3 by 18.5 cm, in two columns, 22 lines per page.<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol62-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leaves 235, 237, 240, 243, 244, 246-249, 251-253, 310-315, contain text of <i><a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Strabon" class="mw-redirect" title="Strabon">Strabon</a>, the 6th century, written in leaned uncial letters, size 20.5 by 20.3, in three columns, 38 lines per page. The text was published by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Cozza-Luzi" title="Giuseppe Cozza-Luzi">Giuseppe Cozza-Luzi</a> in 1884.<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol62-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leaves 198, 199, 221, 222, 229, 230, 293-303, 305-308, contain text of the Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles; they are designated as codex 048 on the list Gregory-Aland,<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol62-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> α 1070 (<a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#Von_Soden" title="Biblical manuscript">von Soden</a>). <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Henry_Ambrose_Scrivener" title="Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener">Scrivener</a> designated it by Hebrew letter <b><big>ב</big></b>. It is a Greek <a href="/wiki/Uncial" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncial">uncial</a> <a href="/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript">manuscript</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> on parchment, dated <a href="/wiki/Palaeography" title="Palaeography">palaeographically</a> to the 5th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description_of_048">Description of 048</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description of 048"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The codex contains the text of the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of Apostles">Acts of Apostles</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="General epistles">General epistles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pauline_epistles" title="Pauline epistles">Pauline epistles</a>, in a fragmentary condition. Only 21 parchment leaves – from original 316 – have survived. They constitute folios 198-199, 221-222, 229-230, 293-303, 305-308 of Vaticanus Graecus 2061. Size of the original pages was 30 cm by 27 cm.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The surviving leaves contain texts (according to Nestle-Aland 26th): Acts 26:6-27:4, 28:3-31; James 4:14-5:20; 1 Peter 1:1-12; 2 Peter 2:4-8, 2:13-3:15; 1 John 4:6-5:13, 5:17-18, 5:21; 2 John; 3 John; Romans 13:4-15:9; 1 Corinthians 2:1-3:11, 3:22, 4:4-6, 5:5-11, 6:3-11, 12:23-15:17, 15:20-27; 2 Corinthians 4:7-6:8, 8:9-18, 8:21-10:6; Ephesians 5:8-end; Philippians 1:8-23, 2:1-4, 2:6-8; Col. 1:2-2:8, 2:11-14, 22-23, 3:7-8, 3:12-4:18; 1 Thessalonians 1:1, 5-6, 1 Timothy 5:6-6:17, 6:20-21, 2 Timothy 1:4-6, 1:8, 2:2-25; Titus 3:13-end; Philemon; Hebrews 11:32-13:4.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The other sources give slightly different contents, because in some parts the manuscript is illegible (according to Batiffol and Gregory the folio 221 of the codex contains text of Acts 26:4-27:10).<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Actual order of books: Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles (Hebrews after Philemon); but this is not sure. The original order could be different. The titles of biblical books are short, e.g.: Προς Θεσσαλονικεις α, Ιωαννου β.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The text is written in three columns per page, 40-41 lines per page, 12-15 letters per line. The letters are square and round. The initial letters are not much bigger and they are not written at the margin before the column. It has not breathings and accents, also there is no <a href="/wiki/Diaeresis_(diacritic)" title="Diaeresis (diacritic)">diaeresis</a>, over the letters ι and υ, usually used in other manuscripts frequently. It lacks the <a href="/wiki/Euthalian_Apparatus" title="Euthalian Apparatus">Euthalian Apparatus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this is evidence for the early dating of the manuscript. Only in some places are given marks for liturgical readings.<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol73_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol73-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The manuscript is one of the very few New Testament manuscripts to be written with three columns per page. The other two Greek codices written in that way are <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">Codex Vaticanus (Uncial B/03)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uncial_053" title="Uncial 053">Uncial 053</a>. The trilingual <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_460" title="Minuscule 460">minuscule codex 460</a> is, naturally, also in three columns (one per language). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nomina_sacra" title="Nomina sacra">nomina sacra</a> are written in an abbreviated way (<span style="text-decoration: overline">ΘΣ</span>, <span style="text-decoration: overline">ΙΣ</span>, <span style="text-decoration: overline">ΧΣ</span>, <span style="text-decoration: overline">ΠΝΑ</span>, etc.). The words written at the end of line are also abbreviated.<sup id="cite_ref-Batiffol73_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batiffol73-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the margin to Romans 15:1 is written Κ Ζ ΜΕΤΑ Τ Π, it means "The seventh Sunday after the Pentecost". In the Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Synaxarion" class="mw-redirect" title="Synaxarion">Synaxarion</a> the lesson of Romans 15:1-7 is read in this Sunday.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Text_of_048">Text of 048</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Text of 048"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Greek text of this <a href="/wiki/Codex" title="Codex">codex</a> is not clearly identified, but the <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_text-type" title="Alexandrian text-type">Alexandrian</a> element is stronger than the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_text-type" title="Byzantine text-type">Byzantine</a>, with some the <a href="/wiki/Western_text-type" title="Western text-type">Western</a> readings. <a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Soden" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermann von Soden">Hermann von Soden</a> did not classify it at all. According to <a href="/wiki/Frederic_G._Kenyon" title="Frederic G. Kenyon">Frederic G. Kenyon</a> its text is close to the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">Codex Alexandrinus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kenyon_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenyon-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Kurt Aland</a> placed it in <a href="/wiki/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts#Category_II" title="Categories of New Testament manuscripts">Category II</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this assessment was based on only 44 readings in Pauline epistles. In 1 Timothy – Philemon it has the <a href="/wiki/Western_text-type" title="Western text-type">Western text-type</a>. </p><p>In Acts 26:6 it reads εις (<i>to</i>) for προς (<i>toward</i>);<sup id="cite_ref-NA400_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA400-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Acts 26:14 it reads λεγουσαν προς με for λαλουσαν προς με;<sup id="cite_ref-NA400_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA400-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Acts 26:15 it reads Ιησους ο Ναζωραιος for Ιησους; the reading of the codex is supported by <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_6" title="Minuscule 6">minuscule 6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_614" title="Minuscule 614">614</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minuscule_1175&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minuscule 1175 (page does not exist)">1175</a>, <a href="/wiki/Codex_Gigas" title="Codex Gigas">Codex Gigas</a>, some manuscripts of <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a>, syr<sup>p.h</sup>;<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Acts 26:28 it reads ποιησαι for γενεσθαι; the reading is supported by <a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">Papyrus 74</a>, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a>, 1175 and several other manuscripts;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Acts 28:14 it reads παρ for επ;<sup id="cite_ref-NA407_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA407-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Acts 28:16 it reads επετραπη τω Παυλω; majority of manuscripts reads for ο εκατονταρχος παρεδωκεν τους δεσμιους τω στρατοπεδαρχω, το δε Παυλω επετραπη;<sup id="cite_ref-NA407_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA407-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Acts 28:23 it reads ηλθον for ηκον;<sup id="cite_ref-NA407_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA407-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Acts 28:29 it does not have reading of majority και ταυτα αυτου ειποντος απηλθον οι Ιουδαιοι πολλην εχοντης εν εαυτοις συζητησιν (<i>And when he had said these words, the Jews departed and had a great dispute among themselves</i>); the omission is supported by a manuscripts Papyrus 74, <a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">Codex Sinaiticus</a>, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, <a href="/wiki/Codex_Laudianus" title="Codex Laudianus">Codex Laudianus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" title="Codex Athous Lavrensis">Codex Athous Lavrensis</a>, 33, 81, 1175, 1739, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_2464" title="Minuscule 2464">2464</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 13:9 it has additional phrase ου ψευδομαρτυρησεις, the reading is supported by the manuscripts: א (P) <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_365" title="Minuscule 365">365</a> 1506 a b <a href="/wiki/Vulgata_Clementina" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulgata Clementina">vg<sup>cl</sup></a> (syr<sup>h</sup>) cop<sup>bo</sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 14:3 it reads ο δε along with Alexandrian manuscripts, the majority reads και ο;<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 14:4 it reads θεος along with Byzantine manuscripts, the Alexandrian manuscripts (א A B C P Ψ) read κυριος;<sup id="cite_ref-NA434_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA434-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 14:10 it reads Χριστου along with Ψ, <a href="/wiki/Uncial_0209" title="Uncial 0209">Uncial 0209</a>, and the Byzantine manuscripts; the Alexandrian and Western manuscripts (א A B C D F <a href="/wiki/Codex_Boernerianus" title="Codex Boernerianus">G</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_630" title="Minuscule 630">630</a> 1506 1739) read θεου;<sup id="cite_ref-NA434_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA434-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 14:21 it lacks reading of the Byzantine text η σκανδαλιζεται η ασθενει;<sup id="cite_ref-NA435_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA435-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 15:2 it reads υμων for ημων;<sup id="cite_ref-NA435_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA435-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 15:4 it supports the Byzantine reading προεγραφη, the Alexandrian and Western manuscripts read εγραφη;<sup id="cite_ref-NA435_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA435-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 15:5 it reads Ιησουν Χριστον; B, D, G, Ψ, and the majority of manuscripts read Χριστον Ιησουν;<sup id="cite_ref-NA435_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA435-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 15:7 it reads και ο Χριστος προσελαβετο ημας εις δοξαν του θεου for και ο Χριστος προσελαβετο υμας εις δοξαν του θεου; the reading is supported by <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus" title="Codex Vaticanus">Codex Vaticanus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">Codex Claromontanus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Codex_Porphyrianus" title="Codex Porphyrianus">Codex Porphyrianus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_614" title="Minuscule 614">614</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_629" title="Minuscule 629">629</a>, 1506, cop<sup>sa</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-NA436_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA436-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Romans 15:8 it reads γεγενησθαι along with Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, and the Byzantine manuscripts; B C D F G Ψ 630 1739 1881 read γενεσθαι;<sup id="cite_ref-NA436_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NA436-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_to_the_Corinthians" title="First Epistle to the Corinthians">1 Corinthians</a> 3:4 it reads ουκ ανθρωποι along with <a href="/wiki/Papyrus_46" title="Papyrus 46">Papyrus 46</a>, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi, 33, 81, 1175, 1506, 1739, 1881; Sinaiticus², Ψ, and the Byzantine manuscripts read ουχι σαρκικοι; D F G 629 read ουχι ανθρωποι;<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1 Corinthians 15:7 it reads επειτα for ειτα, the reading is supported by p<sup>46</sup>, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, F, G, K, <a href="/wiki/Uncial_0243" title="Uncial 0243">0243</a>, 33, 81, 614, 630, 1175, 1739, 1881;<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2 Corinthians 12:4 it reads λεγω (<i>I speak</i>) for λεγωμεν (<i>we speak</i>), along with the manuscript <a href="/wiki/Papyrus_46" title="Papyrus 46">Papyrus 46</a>, Ephraemi, Claromontanus, F, G.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scrivener and Gregory dated the manuscript to the 5th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Scrivener_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scrivener-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Formerly it was held in the monastery of St. Mary of Patirium, a suburb of Rossano in <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>, whence it was taken about the end of the 17th century to the Vatican. Here it was rediscovered by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Batiffol" title="Pierre Batiffol">Pierre Batiffol</a> in 1887.<sup id="cite_ref-Kenyon_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenyon-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Scrivener_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scrivener-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The manuscript was examined by <a href="/wiki/Bernard_de_Montfaucon" title="Bernard de Montfaucon">Bernard de Montfaucon</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vitaliano_Donati" title="Vitaliano Donati">Vitaliano Donati</a> examined it for <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bianchini" title="Giuseppe Bianchini">Giuseppe Bianchini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Mai" title="Angelo Mai">Angelo Mai</a> noticed this manuscript and used it in Prolegomena of his edition of <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Gregory it is an important palimpsest of the New Testament. The codex was cited in <a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a> of Nestle-Aland (27th edition). </p><p>The codex now is located in the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican Library</a> (Gr. 2061).<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-INTF_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INTF-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Testament_uncials" title="List of New Testament uncials">List of New Testament uncials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textual_criticism" title="Textual criticism">Textual criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript" title="Biblical manuscript">Biblical manuscript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2066" title="Codex Vaticanus 2066">Codex Vaticanus 2066</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_354" title="Codex Vaticanus 354">Codex Vaticanus 354</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Library,_Add._17212" class="mw-redirect" title="British Library, Add. 17212">British Library, Add. 17212</a> – double palimpsest</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Gregory-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGregory1900" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Ren%C3%A9_Gregory" title="Caspar René Gregory">Gregory, Caspar René</a> (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n117/mode/2up"><i>Textkritik des Neuen Testaments</i></a>. Vol. 1. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. p. 104.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Textkritik+des+Neuen+Testaments&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=J.C.+Hinrichs&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Caspar+Ren%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ftextkritikdesne00greggoog%23page%2Fn117%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Vaticanus+2061" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregory1908" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Ren%C3%A9_Gregory" title="Caspar René Gregory">Gregory, Caspar René</a> (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/diegriechischen00greggoog#page/n47/mode/2up"><i>Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament</i></a>. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+griechischen+Handschriften+des+Neuen+Testament&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=J.+C.+Hinrichs%27sche+Buchhandlung&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Caspar+Ren%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdiegriechischen00greggoog%23page%2Fn47%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Vaticanus+2061" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Batiffol" title="Pierre Batiffol">Pierre Batiffol</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/labbayederossan00batigoog#page/n118/mode/2up">"L'Abbaye de Rossano"</a> (Paris, 1891), pp. 61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Batiffol62-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol62_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Batiffol" title="Pierre Batiffol">Pierre Batiffol</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/labbayederossan00batigoog#page/n120/mode/2up">"L'Abbaye de Rossano"</a> (Paris, 1891), pp. 62</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gregory435-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory435_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory435_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregory1900" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Ren%C3%A9_Gregory" title="Caspar René Gregory">Gregory, Caspar René</a> (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n447/mode/2up"><i>Textkritik des Neuen Testaments</i></a>. Vol. 1. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. p. 435.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Textkritik+des+Neuen+Testaments&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=435&rft.pub=J.C.+Hinrichs&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Caspar+Ren%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ftextkritikdesne00greggoog%23page%2Fn447%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Vaticanus+2061" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">K. Aland</a>, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, <i>Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments</i>, (Berlin, New York: <a href="/wiki/Walter_de_Gruyter" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter de Gruyter">Walter de Gruyter</a>, 1994), p. 253</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aland-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlandAland1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Aland, Kurt</a>; <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Aland" title="Barbara Aland">Aland, Barbara</a> (1995). <i>The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism</i>. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: <a href="/wiki/William_B._Eerdmans_Publishing_Company" title="William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company">William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company</a>. p. 118. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-4098-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-4098-1"><bdi>978-0-8028-4098-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+New+Testament%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Critical+Editions+and+to+the+Theory+and+Practice+of+Modern+Textual+Criticism&rft.place=Grand+Rapids&rft.pages=118&rft.pub=William+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1&rft.aulast=Aland&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.au=Aland%2C+Barbara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Vaticanus+2061" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, 26th edition, p. 693 [NA26]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Batiffol73-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol73_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batiffol73_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Batiffol" title="Pierre Batiffol">Pierre Batiffol</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/labbayederossan00batigoog#page/n130/mode/2up">"L'Abbaye de Rossano"</a> (Paris, 1891), p. 73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Batiffol" title="Pierre Batiffol">Pierre Batiffol</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/labbayederossan00batigoog#page/n132/mode/2up">"L'Abbaye de Rossano"</a> (Paris, 1891), p. 74</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kenyon-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kenyon_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenyon_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenyon1912" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_G._Kenyon" title="Frederic G. Kenyon">Kenyon, Frederic G.</a> (1912). <i>Handbook to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament</i>. London². p. 122.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+to+the+Textual+Criticism+of+the+New+Testament&rft.place=London%C2%B2&rft.pages=122&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Kenyon&rft.aufirst=Frederic+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Vaticanus+2061" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NA400-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NA400_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA400_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, 26th edition, p. 400 [NA26]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 401</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 402</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NA407-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NA407_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA407_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA407_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 407</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 408</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Na26, p. 433.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 433</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NA434-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NA434_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA434_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 434</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NA435-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NA435_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA435_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA435_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA435_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 435</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NA436-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NA436_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NA436_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 436</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 444</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 467</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nestle-Aland, <i><a href="/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Novum Testamentum Graece</a></i>, p. 485</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scrivener-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Scrivener_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scrivener_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScrivenerEdward_Miller1894" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Henry_Ambrose_Scrivener" title="Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener">Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose</a>; Edward Miller (1894). <i><a href="/wiki/A_Plain_Introduction_to_the_Criticism_of_the_New_Testament" title="A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament">A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament</a></i>. Vol. 1 (4 ed.). London: <a href="/wiki/George_Bell_%26_Sons" title="George Bell & Sons">George Bell & Sons</a>. p. 173.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Plain+Introduction+to+the+Criticism+of+the+New+Testament&rft.place=London&rft.pages=173&rft.edition=4&rft.pub=George+Bell+%26+Sons&rft.date=1894&rft.aulast=Scrivener&rft.aufirst=Frederick+Henry+Ambrose&rft.au=Edward+Miller&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Vaticanus+2061" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Montfaucon, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GTkVAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA214"><i>Diarium Italicum</i>, Paris 1702</a>, p. 214</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bianchini, <i>Evangeliarium quadruplex latinae versionis antiquae seu veteris italicae</i> (Rome, 1749), vol. 2, Part 1, pp. dvi-dxxv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INTF-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-INTF_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=20048">"Liste Handschriften"</a>. Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liste+Handschriften&rft.place=M%C3%BCnster&rft.pub=Institute+for+New+Testament+Textual+Research&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fintf.uni-muenster.de%2Fvmr%2FNTVMR%2FListeHandschriften.php%3FObjID%3D20048&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Vaticanus+2061" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Batiffol" title="Pierre Batiffol">Pierre Batiffol</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/labbayederossan00batigoog#page/n128/mode/2up">"L'Abbaye de Rossano"</a> (Paris, 1891), pp. 61–62, 71-74.</li> <li>D. Heath, "The Text of Manuscript Gregory 048" (Vatican Greek 2061), Taylor University 1965.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Ren%C3%A9_Gregory" title="Caspar René Gregory">C. R. Gregory</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n117/mode/2up">"Textkritik des Neuen Testaments"</a>, Leipzig 1900, vol. 1, pp. 104–105.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csntm.org/manuscript/View/GA_048">Online images of GA 048</a> (<a href="/wiki/Microfilm" class="mw-redirect" title="Microfilm">Digital Microfilm</a>) at the <a href="/wiki/CSNTM" class="mw-redirect" title="CSNTM">CSNTM</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.gr.2061">Online images of GA 048</a> (<a href="/wiki/Microfilm" class="mw-redirect" title="Microfilm">Digital Microfilm</a>) at the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican Digital Library</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&oldid=1145203339">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&oldid=1145203339</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Palimpsests" title="Category:Palimpsests">Palimpsests</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_New_Testament_uncials" title="Category:Greek New Testament uncials">Greek New Testament uncials</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_biblical_manuscripts" title="Category:5th-century biblical manuscripts">5th-century biblical manuscripts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Manuscripts_of_the_Vatican_Library" title="Category:Manuscripts of the Vatican Library">Manuscripts of the Vatican Library</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 March 2023, at 19:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Vaticanus_2061&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Codex Vaticanus 2061</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>8 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-d8647bfd6-jc9nv","wgBackendResponseTime":151,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.223","walltime":"0.309","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1312,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17836,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":910,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":40728,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 263.981 1 -total"," 47.39% 125.111 1 Template:Reflist"," 37.87% 99.970 6 Template:Cite_book"," 33.15% 87.499 1 Template:New_Testament_manuscript_infobox"," 27.31% 72.088 4 Template:Main_other"," 19.52% 51.536 1 Template:Short_description"," 13.88% 36.646 1 Template:For"," 11.79% 31.122 1 Template:Infobox"," 8.54% 22.554 2 Template:Pagetype"," 6.95% 18.341 1 Template:SDcat"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.120","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4693355,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.eqiad.main-5757bfb57-sqp5p","timestamp":"20250204120410","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Codex Vaticanus 2061","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Codex_Vaticanus_2061","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1106357","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1106357","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-07-17T21:50:01Z","dateModified":"2023-03-17T19:59:36Z"}</script> </body> </html>