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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratteristiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Caratteristiche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caratteristiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diffusione_del_beat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diffusione_del_beat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Diffusione del beat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Diffusione_del_beat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Diffusione del beat</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Diffusione_del_beat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_British_invasion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_British_invasion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>La British invasion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_British_invasion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Brit-It"_invasion_ed_il_beat_in_Italia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Brit-It"_invasion_ed_il_beat_in_Italia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>"Brit-It" invasion ed il beat in Italia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Brit-It"_invasion_ed_il_beat_in_Italia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il_beat_nel_resto_del_mondo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il_beat_nel_resto_del_mondo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Il beat nel resto del mondo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il_beat_nel_resto_del_mondo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alcuni_artisti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alcuni_artisti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Alcuni artisti</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Alcuni_artisti-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Alcuni artisti</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Alcuni_artisti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Merseybeat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merseybeat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Merseybeat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merseybeat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_gruppi_beat_inglesi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_gruppi_beat_inglesi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Altri gruppi beat inglesi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_gruppi_beat_inglesi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gruppi_beat_inglesi_attivi_in_Italia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gruppi_beat_inglesi_attivi_in_Italia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Gruppi beat inglesi attivi in Italia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gruppi_beat_inglesi_attivi_in_Italia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il_revival_beat_degli_anni_ottanta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il_revival_beat_degli_anni_ottanta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Il revival beat degli anni ottanta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il_revival_beat_degli_anni_ottanta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">Musica beat</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 30 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бийт музика - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бийт музика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_beat" title="Música beat - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Música beat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat" title="Beat - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Beat" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatmusik" title="Beatmusik - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Beatmusik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatmusik" title="Beatmusik - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Beatmusik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_music" title="Beat music - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Beat music" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitmuziko" title="Bitmuziko - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bitmuziko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_beat" title="Música beat - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Música beat" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biitmuusika" title="Biitmuusika - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Biitmuusika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="موسیقی بیت - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موسیقی بیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatmusiikki" title="Beatmusiikki - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Beatmusiikki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_(musique)" title="Beat (musique) - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Beat (musique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98" title="מוזיקת ביט - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוזיקת ביט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat" title="Beat - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Beat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatzene" title="Beatzene - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Beatzene" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musik_beat" title="Musik beat - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Musik beat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat" title="Beat - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Beat" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88" title="ブリティッシュビート - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブリティッシュビート" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatmuziek" title="Beatmuziek - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beatmuziek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatmusikk" title="Beatmusikk - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Beatmusikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatmusikk" title="Beatmusikk - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Beatmusikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_(gatunek_muzyczny)" title="Beat (gatunek muzyczny) - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Beat (gatunek muzyczny)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_beat" title="Música beat - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Música beat" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzic%C4%83_beat" title="Muzică beat - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Muzică beat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82_(%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80)" title="Бит (музыкальный жанр) - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бит (музыкальный жанр)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat" title="Beat - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Beat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigb%C3%ADt" title="Bigbít - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bigbít" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatmusik" title="Beatmusik - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Beatmusik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D2%91-%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%82_(%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA-%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Біґ-біт (рок-музика) - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Біґ-біт (рок-музика)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E6%8B%8D%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="节拍音乐 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="节拍音乐" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q546264#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> 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</nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella per generi musicali"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background: #dc143c; color: white;">Musica beat</th></tr><tr><th>Origini stilistiche</th><td><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">Rock and roll</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll_britannico" title="Rock and roll britannico">Rock and roll britannico</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Swing" title="Swing">Swing</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Musica_pop" title="Musica pop">Pop</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_Blues" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhythm and Blues">Rhythm and Blues</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Skiffle" title="Skiffle">Skiffle</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Doo-wop" title="Doo-wop">Doo-wop</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Origini culturali</th><td><a href="/wiki/Inghilterra" title="Inghilterra">Inghilterra</a>, primi <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni sessanta</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Strumento_musicale" title="Strumento musicale">Strumenti</a> tipici</th><td><a href="/wiki/Chitarra" title="Chitarra">chitarra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basso_elettrico" title="Basso elettrico">basso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batteria_(strumento_musicale)" title="Batteria (strumento musicale)">batteria</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Popolarità</th><td>Tra i generi più popolari negli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni sessanta</a>, specialmente dal <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a> al <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a>; in Italia fino al <a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a>. </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background: #dc143c; color: white;">Sottogeneri</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Freakbeat" title="Freakbeat">Freakbeat</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background: #dc143c; color: white;">Generi correlati</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Rockabilly" title="Rockabilly">Rockabilly</a> - <a href="/wiki/Rock_psichedelico" title="Rock psichedelico">Rock psichedelico</a> - <a href="/wiki/Pop_psichedelico" title="Pop psichedelico">Pop psichedelico</a> - <a href="/wiki/Folk_rock" title="Folk rock">Folk rock</a> - <a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">Soul</a> - <a href="/wiki/British_blues" class="mw-redirect" title="British blues">British blues</a> - <a href="/wiki/Proto-metal" title="Proto-metal">Proto-metal</a> - <a href="/wiki/Proto-punk" title="Proto-punk">Proto-punk</a> - <a href="/wiki/British_invasion" title="British invasion">British invasion</a> - <a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La <b>musica beat</b> (dal verbo inglese <i>to beat</i>, <i>battere</i>) è un <a href="/wiki/Generi_musicali" class="mw-redirect" title="Generi musicali">genere musicale</a> della <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular music</a> nato negli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni sessanta</a> in <a href="/wiki/Inghilterra" title="Inghilterra">Inghilterra</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dal <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a> (principalmente nello stile chitarristico alla <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Berry" title="Chuck Berry">Chuck Berry</a> e nel <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midtempo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Midtempo (la pagina non esiste)">midtempo</a></i> di artisti come <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Holly" title="Buddy Holly">Buddy Holly</a>) con influenze <a href="/wiki/Swing" title="Swing">swing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doo-wop" title="Doo-wop">doo-wop</a> e <a href="/wiki/Skiffle" title="Skiffle">skiffle</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Gli artisti della musica beat comprendono molte delle band poi responsabili della <a href="/wiki/British_Invasion" class="mw-redirect" title="British Invasion">British Invasion</a>, che vide nel 1964 l'esplosione della scena musicale inglese in tutto il mondo. Tale scena decretò molti modelli che poi vennero seguiti dalla musica pop e rock, incluso il classico formato della band composta da <a href="/wiki/Voce" title="Voce">voce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chitarra" title="Chitarra">chitarra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basso_elettrico" title="Basso elettrico">basso elettrico</a> e <a href="/wiki/Batteria_(strumento_musicale)" title="Batteria (strumento musicale)">batteria</a>. </p><p>Col termine <b>Merseybeat</b> (o <b>Mersey sound</b>) ci si riferisce invece al genere proprio dei primi gruppi beat di <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> (dal nome del <a href="/wiki/Mersey" title="Mersey">Mersey</a>, il fiume che attraversa la città). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uso_del_termine">Uso del termine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Uso del termine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Uso del termine"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'esatta origine dei termini "beat music" e "Merseybeat" è attualmente poco determinabile. Il termine "Beat" per la musica sembra avere solo marginalmente una connessione con il movimento letterario della <a href="/wiki/Beat_Generation" title="Beat Generation">Beat Generation</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Anni_%2750" class="mw-redirect" title="Anni '50">anni '50</a>; molto di più con le linee ritmiche che le band presero a modello dal <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a> e <a href="/wiki/Soul_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Soul music">soul music</a>. Quando l'onda iniziale del rock and roll degli anni '50 iniziò a calare, la musica "Big beat", poi contratta in "Beat", divenne la alternativa dei concerti <a href="/wiki/Musica_da_ballo" title="Musica da ballo">da ballo</a> riferendosi ad artisti come <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Steele" title="Tommy Steele">Tommy Steele</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marty_Wilde" title="Marty Wilde">Marty Wilde</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Richard" title="Cliff Richard">Cliff Richard</a><sup id="cite_ref-Longhurst_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longhurst-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Il termine "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mersey_Beat_(rivista)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mersey Beat (rivista) (la pagina non esiste)">Mersey Beat</a>" invece fu coniato per una rivista musicale di Liverpool nel 1961 da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Harry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Harry (la pagina non esiste)">Bill Harry</a><sup id="cite_ref-Harry_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harry-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. La band the Pacifics furono rinominati come <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Merseybeats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Merseybeats (la pagina non esiste)">The Merseybeats</a> nel febbraio del 1962 da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Wooler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bob Wooler (la pagina non esiste)">Bob Wooler</a> del <a href="/wiki/Cavern_Club" title="Cavern Club">Cavern Club</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Con la nascita dei <a href="/wiki/Beatles" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatles">Beatles</a> nel 1963, i termini "Mersey sound" e "Merseybeat" vennero correntemente utilizzati per gruppi e cantanti di Liverpool, generando così il primo caso nella musica inglese in cui una sonorità e un luogo venivano accostati in un unico termine<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Le scene equivalenti di <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a> e <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a> furono dette invece rispettivamente "suono di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brum_beat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brum beat (la pagina non esiste)">Brum beat</a>" e "suono di <a href="/wiki/Tottenham" title="Tottenham">Tottenham</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratteristiche">Caratteristiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Caratteristiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Caratteristiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La caratteristica più importante di questa musica fu la battuta forte attraverso l'utilizzo del <a href="/wiki/Tempo_(musica)" title="Tempo (musica)">tempo</a> tipico dei precedenti <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a> e <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a>, battendo sulla seconda e sulla quarta ma spesso guidando l'enfasi verso tutte le battute del 4/4<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Tale ritmo fu sviluppato nei club di <a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a>, dove molti gruppi inglesi, compresi i <a href="/wiki/Beatles" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatles">Beatles</a>, i <a href="/wiki/The_Searchers_(gruppo_musicale)" title="The Searchers (gruppo musicale)">Searchers</a> ed altri suonarono ad inizio anni '60. Tale ritmo era lì conosciuto come <i>"mach schau"</i><sup id="cite_ref-stratton_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stratton-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>I complessi beat erano caratterizzati da una formazione dominata dalle <a href="/wiki/Chitarra_elettrica" title="Chitarra elettrica">chitarre elettriche</a>, con armonie vocali e melodie orecchiabili.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I ritmi veloci e cadenzati rivelano un'evidente derivazione da quelli usati nella <a href="/wiki/Musica_soul" class="mw-redirect" title="Musica soul">musica soul</a> e nel <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a>, ma con linee melodiche in grado di addolcire certe asprezze del <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a> e del <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a>. Le parti vocali possono ricordare il <a href="/wiki/Doo-wop" title="Doo-wop">doo-wop</a>, con i cori che ripetono sillabe senza senso, ma a differenza di quest'ultimo è meno comune l'utilizzo del <a href="/wiki/Falsetto" title="Falsetto">falsetto</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dave_Clark_Five_1966.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dave_Clark_Five_1966.JPG/241px-Dave_Clark_Five_1966.JPG" decoding="async" width="241" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dave_Clark_Five_1966.JPG/362px-Dave_Clark_Five_1966.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dave_Clark_Five_1966.JPG/482px-Dave_Clark_Five_1966.JPG 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="551" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Dave_Clark_Five" title="The Dave Clark Five">The Dave Clark Five</a> durante la loro esibizione al <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a></i> nel 1966</figcaption></figure> <p>Nei tardi '50, dopo il declino della scena <a href="/wiki/Skiffle" title="Skiffle">skiffle</a>, iniziò ad emergere nei più grandi centri urbani come Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham e Londra una fiorente scena culturale e musicale. Questo fenomeno fu particolarmente accentuato a Liverpool, dove si stimò che ci fossero circa 350 gruppi musicali attivi che si esibivano in <a href="/wiki/Balera" title="Balera">balere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sala_da_concerto" title="Sala da concerto">sale da concerto</a> e club<sup id="cite_ref-Harry_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harry-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. La città era divenuta negli anni precedenti un perfetto punto di origine di nuove forme musicali, viste anche la solidarietà locale, il <a href="/wiki/Deindustrializzazione" title="Deindustrializzazione">declino industriale</a>, l'assenza di <a href="/wiki/Stato_sociale" title="Stato sociale">Stato sociale</a>, unite alla presenza di una larga popolazione di origine irlandese, elementi tutti messi in relazione più volte dalla critica. Come <a href="/wiki/Citt%C3%A0_portuale" title="Città portuale">città portuale</a> poi era il miglior collegamento con l'<a href="/wiki/America" title="America">America</a>, punto di accesso sia di dischi che di strumenti che non potevano essere esportati per via delle restrizioni<sup id="cite_ref-Stakes2001_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stakes2001-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. È da questo collegamento che derivano le influenze americane dell'era come <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Holly_and_the_Crickets" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddy Holly and the Crickets">Buddy Holly and the Crickets</a> (gruppo dal quale i Beatles derivarono il loro nome) mescolate alle precedenti esperienze del <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll_britannico" title="Rock and roll britannico">rock and roll britannico</a> come ad esempio <a href="/wiki/The_Shadows" title="The Shadows">The Shadows</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dopo il successo nazionale dei Beatles in <a href="/wiki/Gran_Bretagna" title="Gran Bretagna">Gran Bretagna</a> dal 1962, molti musicisti di Liverpool come <a href="/wiki/Gerry_%26_The_Pacemakers" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerry & The Pacemakers">Gerry & The Pacemakers</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Searchers_(gruppo_musicale)" title="The Searchers (gruppo musicale)">the Searchers</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cilla_Black" title="Cilla Black">Cilla Black</a> furono in grado di seguirli nelle classifiche. Il primo esempio di band non della città, né prodotto da <a href="/wiki/Brian_Epstein" title="Brian Epstein">Brian Epstein</a>, furono i <a href="/wiki/Freddie_and_the_Dreamers" title="Freddie and the Dreamers">Freddie and the Dreamers</a> di Manchester<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> come i <a href="/wiki/Herman%27s_Hermits" title="Herman's Hermits">Herman's Hermits</a> e <a href="/wiki/The_Hollies" title="The Hollies">the Hollies</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Fuori da Liverpool, molte scene locali sono state influenzate in diversa misura dal rock and roll, dal rhythm and blues e più tardi direttamente dal blues. Tra queste sono da ricordare le band di Birmingham che venivano spesso raggruppate nel movimento beat, come <a href="/wiki/The_Spencer_Davis_Group" title="The Spencer Davis Group">the Spencer Davis Group</a> e <a href="/wiki/The_Moody_Blues" title="The Moody Blues">the Moody Blues</a>. Band ugualmente influenzate dal blues che vennero fuori da scene locali furono i <a href="/wiki/The_Animals" title="The Animals">the Animals</a> di <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Newcastle upon Tyne">Newcastle</a> ed i <a href="/wiki/Them_(gruppo_musicale)" title="Them (gruppo musicale)">Them</a> di <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>. Per quanto riguarda invece il <i>suono di Tottenham</i>, appellativo che veniva affibbiato ai gruppi londinesi, c'erano <a href="/wiki/The_Dave_Clark_Five" title="The Dave Clark Five">the Dave Clark Five</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">the Rolling Stones</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Kinks" title="The Kinks">the Kinks</a> e <a href="/wiki/The_Yardbirds" title="The Yardbirds">the Yardbirds</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dal <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a> la musica beat iniziò però ad essere superata, in particolare dal <a href="/wiki/Blues_rock" title="Blues rock">blues rock</a> che stava cominciando ad emergere. La maggior parte dei gruppi che non si erano ancora sciolti si mosse, come i Beatles, verso diverse forme di musica rock più sperimentali e complesse, come per esempio il <a href="/wiki/Rock_psichedelico" title="Rock psichedelico">rock psichedelico</a> e il <a href="/wiki/Rock_progressivo" title="Rock progressivo">rock progressivo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il beat ha avuto inoltre una grande influenza sul <a href="/wiki/Garage_rock" title="Garage rock">garage rock</a> <a href="/wiki/Statunitense" class="mw-redirect" title="Statunitense">statunitense</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicGarage_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicGarage-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e sui movimenti <a href="/wiki/Folk_rock" title="Folk rock">folk rock</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ed è stato poi fonte di ispirazione per diversi sottogeneri della musica rock, tra cui il <a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">britpop</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1990" title="Anni 1990">anni novanta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Influssi della musica beat si possono inoltre trovare nella subcultura <a href="/wiki/Mod_(subcultura)" title="Mod (subcultura)">mod</a>, anch'essa molto popolare nel <a href="/wiki/Regno_Unito" title="Regno Unito">Regno Unito</a> negli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni sessanta</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diffusione_del_beat">Diffusione del beat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Diffusione del beat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Diffusione del beat"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg/220px-The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg/330px-The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg/440px-The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3578" data-file-height="2526" /></a><figcaption>L'arrivo dei <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a> negli <a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">USA</a> a cui seguì la loro apparizione al <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a></i> che demarcò l'inizio della <a href="/wiki/British_Invasion" class="mw-redirect" title="British Invasion">British Invasion</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_British_invasion">La British invasion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione La British invasion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: La British invasion"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/British_invasion" title="British invasion">British invasion</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Il termine "British invasion" fu coniato dal giornalista televisivo <a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite" title="Walter Cronkite">Walter Cronkite</a> per descrivere l'arrivo dei Beatles nel 1964 e la <a href="/wiki/Beatlemania" title="Beatlemania">Beatlemania</a> che ne scaturì<sup id="cite_ref-Lewis_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lewis-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Da questo momento in poi molti furono i gruppi beat che scalarono le classifiche americane e tra questi <a href="/wiki/The_Animals" title="The Animals">the Animals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petula_Clark" title="Petula Clark">Petula Clark</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Dave_Clark_Five" title="The Dave Clark Five">the Dave Clark Five</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">the Rolling Stones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donovan" title="Donovan">Donovan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_and_Gordon" title="Peter and Gordon">Peter and Gordon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Mann" title="Manfred Mann">Manfred Mann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freddie_and_the_Dreamers" title="Freddie and the Dreamers">Freddie and the Dreamers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayne_Fontana_and_the_Mindbenders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayne Fontana and the Mindbenders (la pagina non esiste)">Wayne Fontana and the Mindbenders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herman%27s_Hermits" title="Herman's Hermits">Herman's Hermits</a> e <a href="/wiki/The_Troggs" title="The Troggs">the Troggs</a><sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Brit-It"_invasion_ed_il_beat_in_Italia"><span id=".22Brit-It.22_invasion_ed_il_beat_in_Italia"></span>"Brit-It" invasion ed il beat in Italia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione "Brit-It" invasion ed il beat in Italia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: "Brit-It" invasion ed il beat in Italia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Musica_beat_in_Italia#La_"British_invasion"_e_la_"Brit-It_invasion"" title="Musica beat in Italia">Musica beat in Italia § La "British invasion" e la "Brit-It invasion"</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Se negli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni '60</a>, anche grazie al <a href="/wiki/Miracolo_economico_italiano" title="Miracolo economico italiano">boom economico</a> in Italia si apriva un fiorente mercato discografico, in Inghilterra la grande presenza di band e musicisti rendeva il mercato saturo, spostando spesso la propria attenzione verso la Germania, dove vi era anche un consistente contingente militare americano. Fu in questo contesto che un gran numero di band d'oltremanica, spesso aiutate da discografici italiani in cerca di novità da proporre, venivano lanciate nel mercato nazionale come band di successo. Tra queste possiamo ricordare i <a href="/wiki/Bad_Boys_(gruppo_musicale)" title="Bad Boys (gruppo musicale)">Bad boys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyan_Three" title="Cyan Three">Cyan Three</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motowns" class="mw-redirect" title="Motowns">Motowns</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Primitives" title="The Primitives">The Primitives</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Renegades_(gruppo_musicale)" title="The Renegades (gruppo musicale)">Renegades</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Rokes" title="The Rokes">The Rokes</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sopworth_Camel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sopworth Camel (la pagina non esiste)">Sopworth Camel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorrows" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorrows">Sorrows</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il_beat_nel_resto_del_mondo">Il beat nel resto del mondo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Il beat nel resto del mondo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Il beat nel resto del mondo"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gruppi beat importanti nel resto del mondo sono stati i <a href="/wiki/The_Monkees" title="The Monkees">Monkees</a> negli <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti</a> e gli <a href="/wiki/Easybeats" class="mw-redirect" title="Easybeats">Easybeats</a> in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alcuni_artisti">Alcuni artisti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Alcuni artisti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Alcuni artisti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-important.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voce da controllare"><img alt="Voce da controllare" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/40px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/60px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/80px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento Musica è ritenuta <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Voci_da_controllare" title="Aiuto:Voci da controllare">da controllare</a></b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"><b>Motivo</b>: <i>Elenco di artisti che presumibilmente fanno parte del genere ma che, privo di un qualsiasi corredo bibliografico, si prefigura come RO/POV</i> <div class="noprint"><hr />Partecipa alla <a href="/wiki/Discussione:Musica_beat" title="Discussione:Musica beat">discussione</a> e/o <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit">correggi</a> la voce. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Musica" title="Progetto:Musica">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merseybeat">Merseybeat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Merseybeat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Merseybeat"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG/220px-Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG/330px-Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG/440px-Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG 2x" data-file-width="889" data-file-height="718" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers" title="Gerry and the Pacemakers">Gerry and the Pacemakers</a> nel 1964</figcaption></figure> <div class="colonne"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Big_Three_(gruppo_musicale)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Big Three (gruppo musicale) (la pagina non esiste)">The Big Three</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Cryin%27_Shames&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Cryin' Shames (la pagina non esiste)">The Cryin' Shames</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Curtis_and_the_All-Stars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lee Curtis and the All-Stars (la pagina non esiste)">Lee Curtis and the All-Stars</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Dakotas_(gruppo_musicale)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Dakotas (gruppo musicale) (la pagina non esiste)">The Dakotas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derry_and_the_Seniors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derry and the Seniors (la pagina non esiste)">Derry and the Seniors</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Escorts_(gruppo_musicale_britannico)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Escorts (gruppo musicale britannico) (la pagina non esiste)">The Escorts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourmost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Fourmost (la pagina non esiste)">The Fourmost</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers" title="Gerry and the Pacemakers">Gerry and the Pacemakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_J._Kramer" title="Billy J. Kramer">Billy J. Kramer</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Liverbirds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Liverbirds (la pagina non esiste)">The Liverbirds</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Merseybeats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Merseybeats (la pagina non esiste)">The Merseybeats</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mindbenders" title="The Mindbenders">The Mindbenders</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Mojos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Mojos (la pagina non esiste)">The Mojos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rory_Storm_and_the_Hurricanes" title="Rory Storm and the Hurricanes">Rory Storm and the Hurricanes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingsize_Taylor_and_the_Dominoes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingsize Taylor and the Dominoes (la pagina non esiste)">Kingsize Taylor and the Dominoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Searchers_(gruppo_musicale)" title="The Searchers (gruppo musicale)">The Searchers</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Swinging_Blue_Jeans" title="The Swinging Blue Jeans">The Swinging Blue Jeans</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Undertakers_(gruppo_musicale)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Undertakers (gruppo musicale) (la pagina non esiste)">The Undertakers</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hermans_Hermits_1965.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hermans_Hermits_1965.jpg/120px-Hermans_Hermits_1965.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hermans_Hermits_1965.jpg/180px-Hermans_Hermits_1965.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hermans_Hermits_1965.jpg/240px-Hermans_Hermits_1965.jpg 2x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="589" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Herman%27s_Hermits" title="Herman's Hermits">Herman's Hermits</a> nel 1965</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Altri_gruppi_beat_inglesi">Altri gruppi beat inglesi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Altri gruppi beat inglesi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Altri gruppi beat inglesi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="colonne"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Animals" title="The Animals">The Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Applejacks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Applejacks (la pagina non esiste)">The Applejacks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cliff_Bennett_and_the_Rebel_Rousers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cliff Bennett and the Rebel Rousers (la pagina non esiste)">Cliff Bennett and the Rebel Rousers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dave_Clark_Five" title="The Dave Clark Five">The Dave Clark Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Dee,_Dozy,_Beaky,_Mick_%26_Tich" title="Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick & Tich">Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick & Tich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_and_the_Dreamers" title="Freddie and the Dreamers">Freddie and the Dreamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman%27s_Hermits" title="Herman's Hermits">Herman's Hermits</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Honeycombs" title="The Honeycombs">The Honeycombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hollies" title="The Hollies">The Hollies</a><sup id="cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kinks" title="The Kinks">The Kinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lulu_(cantante)" title="Lulu (cantante)">Lulu</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Luvvers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Luvvers (la pagina non esiste)">The Luvvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Mann" title="Manfred Mann">Manfred Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Move" title="The Move">The Move</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brian_Poole_and_the_Tremoloes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brian Poole and the Tremoloes (la pagina non esiste)">Brian Poole and the Tremoloes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pretty_Things" title="The Pretty Things">The Pretty Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Small_Faces" class="mw-redirect" title="The Small Faces">The Small Faces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troggs" title="The Troggs">The Troggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Who" title="The Who">The Who</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Zombies" title="The Zombies">The Zombies</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gruppi_beat_inglesi_attivi_in_Italia">Gruppi beat inglesi attivi in Italia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Gruppi beat inglesi attivi in Italia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Gruppi beat inglesi attivi in Italia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mal_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/it/thumb/d/dd/Mal_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo.JPG/220px-Mal_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/it/thumb/d/dd/Mal_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo.JPG/330px-Mal_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/it/thumb/d/dd/Mal_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo.JPG/440px-Mal_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="421" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mal" title="Mal">Mal</a> nel film <i><a href="/wiki/Terzo_canale_-_Avventura_a_Montecarlo" title="Terzo canale - Avventura a Montecarlo">Terzo canale</a></i> (1970)</figcaption></figure> <div class="colonne"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Bachelors" title="The Bachelors">The Bachelors</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Boys_(gruppo_musicale)" title="Bad Boys (gruppo musicale)">Bad Boys</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Casuals" title="The Casuals">The Casuals</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyan_Three" title="Cyan Three">Cyan Three</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Anthony%27s_Moods" title="Dave Anthony's Moods">Dave Anthony's Moods</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doc_Thomas_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doc Thomas Group (la pagina non esiste)">Doc Thomas Group</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Motowns" title="The Motowns">The Motowns</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Primitives" title="The Primitives">The Primitives</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Renegades_(gruppo_musicale)" title="The Renegades (gruppo musicale)">The Renegades</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rokes" title="The Rokes">The Rokes</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sorrows" title="The Sorrows">The Sorrows</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thane_Russall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thane Russall (la pagina non esiste)">Thane Russall</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rizzi_24-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Il_revival_beat_degli_anni_ottanta">Il revival beat degli anni ottanta</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Il revival beat degli anni ottanta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Il revival beat degli anni ottanta"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Molti gruppi musicali della cosiddetta <a href="/wiki/New_wave_(musica)" title="New wave (musica)">New wave</a>, nati tra la fine degli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1970" title="Anni 1970">anni settanta</a> e i primissimi <a href="/wiki/Anni_1980" title="Anni 1980">anni ottanta</a>, subirono in misura diversa l'influenza della musica beat. </p><p>Nell'ambito della scena inglese vanno ricordati i <a href="/wiki/The_Jam" title="The Jam">The Jam</a> di <a href="/wiki/Paul_Weller" title="Paul Weller">Paul Weller</a>, debitori non soltanto al movimento dei <a href="/wiki/Mod_(subcultura)" title="Mod (subcultura)">mod</a> (o mods), ma anche di gruppi come <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Kinks" title="The Kinks">The Kinks</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Who" title="The Who">The Who</a>. Molto evidente il riferimento anche nei primissimi dischi di <a href="/wiki/Joe_Jackson_(musicista)" title="Joe Jackson (musicista)">Joe Jackson</a>, caratterizzati da un beat essenziale ed elettrico basato su linee veloci di basso e chitarra elettrica. Gli <a href="/wiki/XTC" title="XTC">XTC</a>, originari della cittadina inglese di <a href="/wiki/Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a>, rivelano, fin dai primissimi album, uno stretto legame con la musica beat e psichedelica degli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni sessanta</a>. Tale influsso, a metà fra sincera devozione e parodia, è ancor più evidente nell'esperienza parallela dei <a href="/wiki/The_Dukes_of_Stratosphear" title="The Dukes of Stratosphear">Dukes of Stratosphear</a>, alla quale partecipano gli stessi componenti degli XTC. </p><p>Per quanto riguarda l'Italia, vanno segnalate influenze nell'ambito della scena musicale <a href="/wiki/Torino" title="Torino">torinese</a> degli anni ottanta. Nel 1983 nascono nel capoluogo subalpino gli <a href="/wiki/Statuto_(gruppo_musicale)" title="Statuto (gruppo musicale)">Statuto</a>, destinati a diventare il gruppo di punta del movimento <a href="/wiki/Mod_(subcultura)" title="Mod (subcultura)">mod</a> nazionale. Sempre a Torino gravitano, nella prima metà del decennio, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blind_Alley_(gruppo_musicale)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blind Alley (gruppo musicale) (la pagina non esiste)">Blind Alley</a>. Il primo gruppo a riportare il beat in Italia sono <a href="/wiki/Gli_Avvoltoi" title="Gli Avvoltoi">Gli Avvoltoi</a> di Bologna, ricercando i brani più oscuri del periodo dei '60 italiano e proponendo brani originali. </p><p>Nel 1979 <a href="/wiki/I_Gatti_di_Vicolo_Miracoli" title="I Gatti di Vicolo Miracoli">I Gatti di Vicolo Miracoli</a> pubblicano <i><a href="/wiki/Verona_Beat" title="Verona Beat">Verona Beat</a></i>, uno dei brani più noti della formazione cabarettistica, che omaggia la scena musicale veronese degli Anni ‘60, quando la città scaligera era soprannominata “la <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> italiana”.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tra le case discografiche più attente alla rinascita del beat bisogna ricordare la <a href="/wiki/Toast_Records" title="Toast Records">Toast Records</a> di <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Tedeschi" title="Giulio Tedeschi">Giulio Tedeschi</a>, che ha pubblicato tra gli altri Gli Avvoltoi ed i <a href="/wiki/Barbieri_(gruppo_musicale)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbieri (gruppo musicale)">Barbieri</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scaruffi.com/vol1/cpt7.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Scaruffi - Il Mersey-beat</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">scaruffi.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 4 giugno 2016</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Gino Castaldo, <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario della canzone italiana</span>, Curcio Editore, 1990, pp. 132-135.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scaruffi.com/vol1/cpt7.html">Storia del Rock di Piero Scaruffi</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Longhurst-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Longhurst_4-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">B. Longhurst, <i>Popular Music and Society</i> (Polity, 2nd edn., 2007), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0745631622" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7456-3162-2</a>, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harry-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Harry_5-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Harry_5-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/about/founders-story2.shtml">Mersey Beat. La storia dei fondatori</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">B. Eder and R. Unterberger, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p4903/biography">"The Merseybeats"</a>, <i>Allmusic</i>, retrieved 16 June 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Ian Inglis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Zx_OpMptTFQC&pg=PA11#v=onepage&q&f=false"><span style="font-style:italic;">Historical approaches to Merseybeat</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The Beat Goes on: Liverpool, Popular Music and the Changing City (editors Marion Leonard, Robert Strachan)</span>, Liverpool University Press, 2010, p. 11. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">B. Eder, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/album/r210426">"Various artists: <i>Brum Beat: the Story of the 60s Midland Sound</i>"</a>, <i>Allmusic</i>, retrieved 5 February 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">P. Hurry, M. Phillips and M. Richards, <i>Heinemann Advanced Music</i> (Heinemann, 2001), p. 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stratton-10"><a href="#cite_ref-stratton_10-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Jon Stratton, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cK-gFIUijQYC&pg=PA44&dq=%22beat+music%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-CDTUffSCcHH0QXKx4GIBw&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22beat%20music%22&f=false"><span style="font-style:italic;">Englishing Popular Music in the 1960s</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Britpop and the English Music Tradition (editors Andy Bennett, Jon Stratton)</span>, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2010, 2010, pp. 41–46. <small>URL consultato il 2 luglio 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">J. Shepherd, <i>Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World: Volume II: Performance and Production</i> (Continuum, 2003), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0826463223" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0826463223</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stakes2001-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Stakes2001_12-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">R. Stakes, "Those boys: the rise of Mersey beat", in S. Wade, ed., <i>Gladsongs and Gatherings: Poetry and its Social Context in Liverpool Since the 1960s</i> (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2001), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0853237271" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-85323-727-1</a>, pp. 157–66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">W. Everett, <i>The Beatles as Musicians: The Quarry Men through Rubber Soul</i> (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0195141059" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-514105-9</a>, pp. 37–8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/05/20/ufreddie.xml&sSheet=/news/2006/05/20/ixnews.html"><i>Daily Telegraph</i></a> "'Dreamers' star Freddie Garrity dies", 20 May 2006, accessed August 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra, and S. T. Erlewine, <i>All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul</i> (Backbeat Books, 2002), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/087930653X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-87930-653-X</a>, p. 532.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">J. R. Covach and G. MacDonald Boone. <i>Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis</i> (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0195100050" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-510005-0</a>, p. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Edward Macan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rockingclassicse0000maca"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rocking the Classics: English Progressive Rock and the Counterculture</span></a>, Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 11, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9780195098884" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/9780195098884">9780195098884</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AllmusicGarage-18"><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicGarage_18-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine, <i>All music guide to rock: the definitive guide to rock, pop, and soul</i> (Backbeat Books, 3rd end., 2002), pp. 1320-1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> R. Unterberger, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120423221816/http://www.allmusic.com/explore/essay/merseybeat-t680"><span style="font-style:italic;">"Merseybeat"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">allmusic.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 5 febbraio 2011</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.allmusic.com/explore/essay/merseybeat-t680">url originale</abbr> il 23 aprile 2012)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">D. B. Scott, "The Britpop sound", in A. Bennett and J. Stratton, eds. <i>Britpop and the English Music Tradition</i>, (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2010), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0754668053" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0754668053</a>, pp. 103-122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewis-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewis_21-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/martin-lewis/tweet-the-beatles-how-wal_b_239202.html">Tweet the Beatles! How Walter Cronkite Sent The Beatles Viral ANDRE IVERSEN FOR THE WIN! by Martin Lewis based on information from "THE BEATLES ARE COMING! The Birth of Beatlemania in America" by Bruce Spitzer"</a> July 18, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_22-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/80244/British-Invasion"><span style="font-style:italic;">British Invasion</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopedia Britannica</span>. <small>URL consultato il 23 gennaio 2016</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicaememoria.com/complessi_beat_stranieri_in_italia.htm"><i>Complessi beat stranieri in Italia</i> da Musica e Memoria</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rizzi-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-2">c</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-3">d</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-4">e</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-5">f</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-6">g</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-7">h</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-8">i</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-9">j</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-10">k</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-11">l</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Rizzi_24-12">m</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRizzi" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Cesare Rizzi (a cura di), <span style="font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia del rock italiano</span>, Milano, <a href="/wiki/Arcana_Editore" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcana Editore">Arcana</a>, 1993, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7966-022-5" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7966-022-5">88-7966-022-5</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AllmusicMerseybeatTA-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-2">c</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-3">d</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-4">e</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-5">f</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-6">g</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-7">h</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-8">i</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-9">j</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-10">k</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-AllmusicMerseybeatTA_25-11">l</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120420080751/http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/merseybeat-d407/artists"><span style="font-style:italic;">"Merseybeat (Top Artists)"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">allmusic.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 5 febbraio 2011</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/merseybeat-d407/artists">url originale</abbr> il 20 aprile 2012)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.veronasera.it/eventi/cultura/verona-beat-libro-band-musicali-anni-60-70-30-gennaio-2018-.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Verona Beat: il libro sulle band musicali anni 60-70</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">veronasera.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 agosto 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Spencer Leigh, <i>Twist and Shout!: Merseybeat, The Cavern, The Star-Club and The Beatles</i>, ed. Nirvana Books, 2004</li> <li>Alessio Marino, <i>BEATi voi! Interviste e riflessioni con i complessi degli anni 60</i>, ed. I libri della Beat Boutique 67, 2007</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Pescetelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudio Pescetelli (la pagina non esiste)">Claudio Pescetelli</a>, <i>Ciglia ribelli</i> - ed. I libri di Mondo Capellone, 2003</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Pescetelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudio Pescetelli (la pagina non esiste)">Claudio Pescetelli</a>, <i>Una generazione piena di complessi</i> - Editrice Zona, 2006</li> <li>John Shepherd, <i>Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World: Volume II: Performance and Production</i>, ed. Continuum, 2003</li> <li>Ursus (Salvo D'Urso), <i>Manifesto beat</i>, ed. Juke Box all'Idrogeno, 1990</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Gruppi_musicali_beat" title="Categoria:Gruppi musicali beat">Categoria:Gruppi musicali beat</a> e <a href="/wiki/Categoria:Cantanti_beat" title="Categoria:Cantanti beat">Categoria:Cantanti beat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_(subcultura)" title="Mod (subcultura)">Mod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mods_%26_Rockers" title="Mods & Rockers">Mods & Rockers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garage_rock" title="Garage rock">Garage rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musica_beat_in_Italia" title="Musica beat in Italia">Musica beat in Italia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musica_beat&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/">Mersey Beat magazine e la storia del Beat</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merseybeatnostalgia.co.uk/">Merseybeat Nostalgia</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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