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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Conteníu</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover a la barra llateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">despintar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Entamu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar subsección Historia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fundación_d'Odesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fundación_d'Odesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Fundación d'Odesa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fundación_d'Odesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sieglu_XX" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sieglu_XX"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Sieglu XX</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sieglu_XX-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Revolución" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolución"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Revolución</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revolución-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Segunda_Guerra_Mundial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Segunda_Guerra_Mundial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Segunda Guerra Mundial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Segunda_Guerra_Mundial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Posguerra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Posguerra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Posguerra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Posguerra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflictu_en_2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflictu_en_2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Conflictu en 2014</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflictu_en_2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xeografía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xeografía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Xeografía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xeografía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Clima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comunidá" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comunidá"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Comunidá</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comunidá-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deportes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deportes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Deportes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deportes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Cultura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Educación_y_ciencia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Educación_y_ciencia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Educación y ciencia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Educación_y_ciencia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ciudaes_hermaniaes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciudaes_hermaniaes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Ciudaes hermaniaes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ciudaes_hermaniaes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ciudaes_acomuñaes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciudaes_acomuñaes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Ciudaes acomuñaes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ciudaes_acomuñaes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar subsección Ciudaes acomuñaes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ciudaes_acomuñaes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Consulaos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consulaos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Consulaos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consulaos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persones_famoses_d'Odesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persones_famoses_d'Odesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Persones famoses d'Odesa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Persones_famoses_d'Odesa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar subsección Persones famoses d'Odesa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Persones_famoses_d'Odesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nacíos_n'Odesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nacíos_n'Odesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Nacíos n'Odesa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nacíos_n'Odesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Residentes_célebres_n'Odesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Residentes_célebres_n'Odesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Residentes célebres n'Odesa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Residentes_célebres_n'Odesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Referencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaces_esternos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaces_esternos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Enllaces esternos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaces_esternos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteníu" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Tabla de conteníos" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Odesa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. Disponible en 140 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-140" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">140 llingües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – alemán de Suiza" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán de Suiza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A6%E1%8B%B4%E1%88%A3" title="ኦዴሣ – amháricu" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኦዴሣ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amháricu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessos" title="Odessos – inglés antiguu" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Odessos" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="inglés antiguu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="أوديسا – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوديسا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="اوديسا – árabe d’Exiptu" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوديسا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="árabe d’Exiptu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – azerbaixanu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaixanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A7_(%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86)" title="اودسا (اوکراین) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اودسا (اوکراین)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Адэса – bielorrusu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Адэса" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Адэса – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Адэса" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одеса – búlgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Одеса" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE" title="ওডেসা – bengalín" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওডেসা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – bosniu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – chechenu" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechenu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Odessa (kapital sa lalawigan) – cebuanu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Odessa (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%AF%DB%8E%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="ئۆدێسا – kurdu central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆدێسا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdu central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ades" title="Ades – turcu de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ades" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcu de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Od%C4%9Bsa" title="Oděsa – checu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Oděsa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%83%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Οδησσός – griegu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οδησσός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="griegu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odeso" title="Odeso – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Odeso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – estoniu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – vascu" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="vascu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="اودسا – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اودسا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Od%C3%A8ssa" title="Odèssa – arpitanu" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Odèssa" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="arpitanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – frisón del norte" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisón del norte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa_(st%C3%AAd)" title="Odessa (stêd) – frisón occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Odessa (stêd)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisón occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – gaélicu escocés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélicu escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – gallegu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallegu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – manés" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A1%D7%94" title="אודסה – hebréu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אודסה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebréu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="ओडेसा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ओडेसा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – altu sorbiu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="altu sorbiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessza" title="Odessza – húngaru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Odessza" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1" title="Օդեսա – armeniu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օդեսա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1" title="Օտեսա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Օտեսա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – indonesiu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – italianu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%87%E3%83%83%E3%82%B5" title="オデッサ – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オデッサ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – xavanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="xavanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90" title="ოდესა – xeorxanu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოდესა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – kazaquistanín" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaquistanín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8" title="ಒಡೆಸ್ಸ – canarés" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಒಡೆಸ್ಸ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%82%AC" title="오데사 – coreanu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오데사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – curdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – kirguistanín" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguistanín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – llatín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – luxemburgués" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – limburgués" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – ligurianu" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udessa" title="Udessa – lombardu" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Udessa" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – lituanu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одэса – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Одэса" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – maorí" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maorí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одеса – macedoniu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Одеса" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoniu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8" title="ഒഡെസ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒഡെസ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="ओदेसा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ओदेसा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – malayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အိုဒက်ဆာမြို့ – birmanu" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုဒက်ဆာမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Одесса ош – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Одесса ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – baxu saxón" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baxu saxón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa_(stad)" title="Odessa (stad) – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Odessa (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – noruegu Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegu Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – noruegu Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegu Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – occitanu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%C3%A6" title="Одессæ – oséticu" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Одессæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="oséticu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – polacu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Od%C3%ABssa" title="Odëssa – piamontés" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Odëssa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piamontés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="اودیسا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اودیسا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%83%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Οδησσός – pónticu" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Οδησσός" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pónticu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – rumanu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – rusu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одеса – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Одеса" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – sardu" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – sicilianu" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artículos destacaos"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="اوديسا – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اوديسا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – serbo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – eslovacu" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovacu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – eslovenu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovenu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – inari sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="inari sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – albanu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одеса – serbiu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Одеса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – suecu" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suecu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – suaḥili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaḥili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uodesa" title="Uodesa – silesianu" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Uodesa" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE" title="ஒடெசா – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒடெசா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – taxiquistanín" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taxiquistanín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="ออแดซา – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ออแดซา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – turcomanu" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcomanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa – talixín" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Odesa" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talixín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – turcu" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – tártaru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tártaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одеса – tuvinianu" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Одеса" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одесса – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Одесса" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Одеса – ucraín" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Одеса" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="اودیسا – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اودیسا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – uzbequistanín" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbequistanín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa_(Ucraina)" title="Odessa (Ucraina) – venecianu" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Odessa (Ucraina)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odess" title="Odess – vepsiu" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Odess" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – vietnamín" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – flamencu occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamencu occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Od%C3%A4ssa" title="Odässa – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Odässa" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Odessa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%96%E5%BE%B7%E8%90%A8" title="敖德萨 – chinu wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="敖德萨" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinu wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90" title="ოდესა – mingrelianu" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოდესა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%A1" title="אדעס – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אדעס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%96%E5%BE%B7%E8%96%A9" title="敖德薩 – chinu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="敖德薩" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E8%BF%AA%E6%B2%99" title="奧迪沙 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="奧迪沙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1874#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar los enllaces d'interllingua" class="wbc-editpage">Editar los enllaces</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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href="/wiki/Odesa"><span>Lleer</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit" title="Editar el códigu fonte d'esta páxina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar la fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=history" title="Versiones antigües d'esta páxina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramientes de páxina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" 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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover a la barra llateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">despintar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Más opciones" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Aiciones </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Odesa"><span>Lleer</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit" title="Editar el códigu fonte d'esta páxina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar la fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=history"><span>Ver historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Xeneral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:LoQueEnlazaAqu%C3%AD/Odesa" title="Llista de toles páxines wiki qu'enllacien equí [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lo qu'enllaza equí</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:CambiosEnEnlazadas/Odesa" rel="nofollow" title="Cambios recientes nes páxines enllazaes dende esta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Cambios rellacionaos</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ast" title="Xubir ficheros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Xubir ficheru</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&oldid=4350971" title="Enllaz permanente a esta revisión de la páxina"><span>Enllaz permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=info" title="Más información sobro esta páxina"><span>Información de la páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Odesa&id=4350971&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Información tocante a cómo citar esta páxina"><span>Citar esta páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Acortador_de_URL&url=https%3A%2F%2Fast.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOdesa"><span>Llograr la URL encurtiada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fast.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOdesa"><span>Xenerar códigu QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprentar/esportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Odesa"><span>Crear un llibru</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Odesa&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descargar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&printable=yes" title="Versión imprentable d'esta páxina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versión pa imprentar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> N'otros proyeutos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1874" title="Enllaz al elementu del depósitu de datos coneutáu [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elementu de Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramientes de páxina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apariencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apariencia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover a la barra llateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">despintar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_de_coordenaes_xeogr%C3%A1fiques" title="Sistema de coordenaes xeográfiques">Coordenaes</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4296359">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Odesa&params=46.5_N_30.7_E_region:{{{estau}}}_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapes, fotos aérees, y otros datos pa esti llugar"><span class="latitude">46°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">30°42′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapes, fotos aérees, y otros datos pa esti llugar">46.5°N 30.7°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.5; 30.7</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-tradubot" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odesa" title="Esti artículu foi traducíu automáticamente y precisa revisase manualmente"><img alt="Esti artículu foi traducíu automáticamente y precisa revisase manualmente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Robot_icon.svg/16px-Robot_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Robot_icon.svg/24px-Robot_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Robot_icon.svg/32px-Robot_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ast" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox plantia-llocalida" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #99c"><div style="float:center; padding:.1em;" class="noprint"></div><span style="float:right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Blue_globe_icon.svg/40px-Blue_globe_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Blue_globe_icon.svg/60px-Blue_globe_icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="84" data-file-height="86" /></span></span></span>Odesa</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Odesa-Montage-2016.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Odesa-Montage-2016.png/280px-Odesa-Montage-2016.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="392" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Odesa-Montage-2016.png/420px-Odesa-Montage-2016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Odesa-Montage-2016.png/560px-Odesa-Montage-2016.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <table style="width: 100%; border: none; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Flag_of_Odesa_(UHT_COA_console).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_Odesa_%28UHT_COA_console%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_Odesa_%28UHT_COA_console%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_Odesa_%28UHT_COA_console%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Odesa_%28UHT_COA_console%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_Odesa_%28UHT_COA_console%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_Odesa_%28UHT_COA_console%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_(UHT).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="58" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="658" /></a></span></td> </tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flag of Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">flag of Odesa‎</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4487278?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coat of arms of Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">coat of arms of Odesa</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988140?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #99c">Alministración</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> </td></tr><tr><td><b>País</b></td><td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Ucraína"><img alt="Bandera de Ucraína" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína">Ucraína</a></td></tr><tr><td><b>Oblast</b></td><td> <a href="/wiki/%C3%93blast_d%27Odesa" title="Óblast d'Odesa">Óblast d'Odesa</a></td></tr><tr><td><b>Raion</b></td><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q103755776" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q103755776">Raión de Odesa</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103755776?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><b>Municipio <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104841013?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></b></td><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q105822583" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q105822583">Odesa Urban Hromada</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105822583?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Tipu d'entidá</th><td> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciud%C3%A1_d%27Ucra%C3%ADna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciudá d'Ucraína (la páxina nun esiste)">ciudá d'Ucraína</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q109296753" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q109296753">Alcalde de Odesa</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109296753?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12162684" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q12162684">Gennadiy Trukhanov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Nome oficial</th><td> <span lang="uk">Одеса</span> <small>(<abbr title="ucraín">uk</abbr>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Nome llocal</th><td> <span lang="uk">Одеса</span> <small>(<abbr title="ucraín">uk</abbr>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Nomatu</th><td> <span lang="uk">Одеса-мама</span> <small>(<abbr title="ucraín">uk</abbr>)</small><br /><span lang="ru">Одесса-мама</span> <small>(<abbr title="rusu">ru</abbr>)</small><br /><span lang="en">Odesa-Mama</span> <small>(<abbr title="inglés">en</abbr>)</small><br /><span lang="uk">Південна Пальміра</span> <small>(<abbr title="ucraín">uk</abbr>)</small><br /><span lang="ru">Южная Пальмира</span> <small>(<abbr title="rusu">ru</abbr>)</small><br /><span lang="en">Southern Palmira</span> <small>(<abbr title="inglés">en</abbr>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Códigu postal</th><td> <code>65000–65480</code></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #99c">Xeografía</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Coordenada" title="Coordenada">Coordenaes</a></th><td> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4296359">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Odesa&params=46.5_N_30.7_E_region:{{{estau}}}_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapes, fotos aérees, y otros datos pa esti llugar"><span class="latitude">46°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">30°42′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapes, fotos aérees, y otros datos pa esti llugar">46.5°N 30.7°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.5; 30.7</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4136882">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:280px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:280px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:280px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Map_of_Ukraine_under_russian_occupation,_grey_(2014%E2%80%932022).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Odesa alcuéntrase n'Ucraína"><img alt="Odesa alcuéntrase n'Ucraína" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Map_of_Ukraine_under_russian_occupation%2C_grey_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg/280px-Map_of_Ukraine_under_russian_occupation%2C_grey_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Map_of_Ukraine_under_russian_occupation%2C_grey_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg/420px-Map_of_Ukraine_under_russian_occupation%2C_grey_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Map_of_Ukraine_under_russian_occupation%2C_grey_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg/560px-Map_of_Ukraine_under_russian_occupation%2C_grey_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3780" data-file-height="2540" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.355%;left:48.087%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Odesa"><img alt="Odesa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div>Odesa</div></div></div></div><div style="font-size:91%;padding-top:3px">Odesa (Ucraína)</div></div></div></div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:UKR_Odessa_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/UKR_Odessa_map.svg/280px-UKR_Odessa_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/UKR_Odessa_map.svg/420px-UKR_Odessa_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/UKR_Odessa_map.svg/560px-UKR_Odessa_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Superficie</th><td> 236.9 km²</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Altitú</th><td> 40 m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Llenda con</th><td> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none; padding: 0;"><div class="NavHead" style="width:100%; background:transparent" align="center"></div><div class="NavContent" style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kryzhanivka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kryzhanivka (la páxina nun esiste)">Kryzhanivka</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4242689?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lymanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lymanka (la páxina nun esiste)">Lymanka</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4292905?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #99c">Demografía</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Población</th><td> 1 010 537 hab. <small>(1r xineru 2022)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Porcentaxe</th><td> 100% de <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q105822583" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q105822583">Odesa Urban Hromada</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105822583?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Densidá</th><td> 4265,67 hab/km²</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #99c">Más información</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Fundación</th><td> sieglu XV</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Prefixu telefónicu</th><td> <code>048</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Estaya horaria</th><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6760" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q6760">UTC+03:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Horariu_de_branu" title="Horariu de branu">horariu de branu</a>)<br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6723" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q6723">UTC+02:00</a> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1777301" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1777301">horariu estándar</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Hora_d%27Europa_Oriental" title="Hora d'Europa Oriental">Hora d'Europa Oriental</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Llocalidaes hermaniaes</th><td> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none; padding: 0;"><div class="NavHead" style="width:100%; background:transparent" align="center"></div><div class="NavContent" style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Tblisi" title="Tblisi">Tblisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexandr%C3%ADa" title="Alexandría">Alexandría</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, <a href="/wiki/Split" title="Split">Split</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yerev%C3%A1n" title="Yereván">Yereván</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varna" title="Varna">Varna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klaip%C4%97da" title="Klaipėda">Klaipėda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosh_HaAyin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosh HaAyin (la páxina nun esiste)">Rosh HaAyin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Van&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Van (la páxina nun esiste)">Van</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heracli%C3%B3n" title="Heraclión">Heraclión</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ratisbona" title="Ratisbona">Ratisbona</a>, <a href="/wiki/X%C3%A9nova" title="Xénova">Xénova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marsella" title="Marsella">Marsella</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A8ncia" title="València">Valencia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hu%C8%99i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huși (la páxina nun esiste)">Huși</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constan%C8%9Ba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constanța (la páxina nun esiste)">Constanța</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quixin%C3%A1u" title="Quixináu">Quixináu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yeda" title="Yeda">Yeda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brest_(Bielorrusia)" title="Brest (Bielorrusia)">Brest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ciud%C3%A1_metropolitana_de_X%C3%A9nova" title="Ciudá metropolitana de Xénova">Ciudá metropolitana de Xénova</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A1rnaca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lárnaca (la páxina nun esiste)">Lárnaca</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55099871?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicosia_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicosia Municipality (la páxina nun esiste)">Nicosia Municipality</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56037497?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Szeged" title="Szeged">Szeged</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viena" title="Viena">Viena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varsovia" title="Varsovia">Varsovia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tall%C3%ADn" title="Tallín">Tallín</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Pir%C3%A9u" title="El Piréu">El Piréu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ningb%C3%B3" title="Ningbó">Ningbó</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marrakech" title="Marrakech">Marrakech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calcuta" title="Calcuta">Calcuta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul">Estambul</a> y <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A4rnu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pärnu (la páxina nun esiste)">Pärnu</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102365?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omr.gov.ua/">omr.gov.ua</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1874" title="Cambiar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Cambiar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/18px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/24px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Odesa</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADn_(llingua)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ucraín (llingua)">ucraín</a>: <span lang="ua">Одеса</span>; <a href="/wiki/Rusu_(llingua)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rusu (llingua)">rusu</a>: <span lang="ru">Одесса</span>) o tamién <b>Odessa</b> ye una ciudá <a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína">ucraína</a> conocida pol so puertu, emplazado a veres del <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negru" title="Mar Negru">mar Negru</a>, y cuenta con más d'un millón d'habitantes. Ye la capital del <a href="/wiki/%C3%93blast_d%27Odesa" title="Óblast d'Odesa">óblast d'Odesa</a> y pola so situación y población constitúi la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciudaes_d%27Ucra%C3%ADna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciudaes d'Ucraína (la páxina nun esiste)">tercer mayor ciudá d'Ucraína</a>, dempués de <a href="/wiki/Kiev" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> y <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, la ciudá comercial más importante del país y la mayor de les mariñes del <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negru" title="Mar Negru">mar Negru</a>. </p><p>El famosu críticu lliterariu, periodista y filósofu rusu del sieglu XIX <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vissarion_Belinsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vissarion Belinsky (la páxina nun esiste)">Vissarión Belinski</a> llamó a Odesa «la tercera de les ciudaes ruses» pola so importancia, mientres el poeta <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Pushkin" title="Aleksandr Pushkin">Aleksandr Pushkin</a> carauterizar como «la más europea de les ciudaes ruses», tou ello a pesar de qu'anguaño nun ta en Rusia (nesa dómina formaba parte del <a href="/wiki/Imperiu_rusu" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiu rusu">Imperiu rusu</a>). </p><p>L'estilu arquiteutónicu d'Odesa, influyíu pol francés y l'italianu, da un aire mediterráneo a la ciudá, que de cutiu se denomina la <i>Perlla del Mar Negru</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar seición: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Historia"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Los primeros asentamientos humanos neses tierres remontar a la <a href="/wiki/Ed%C3%A1_de_piedra" title="Edá de piedra">edá de piedra</a>, a 30 000 e. C. A principios del <a href="/wiki/I_mileniu_e.C." class="mw-redirect" title="I mileniu e.C.">primer mileniu e. C.</a> el territoriu del mariniegu norte del <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negru" title="Mar Negru">mar Negru</a> poblar los <a href="/wiki/Cimerios" title="Cimerios">cimerios</a> a los que reemplazaron los <a href="/wiki/Pueblos_escites" title="Pueblos escites">escites</a>. A les veres de la badea d'Odesa en tiempos de l'<a href="/wiki/Antigua_Grecia" title="Antigua Grecia">antigua Grecia</a> yá esistíen delles poblaciones. La más grande yera la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colonizaci%C3%B3n_griega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colonización griega (la páxina nun esiste)">colonia</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mileto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mileto (la páxina nun esiste)">milesia</a> de Boristenes (Βορυσθένης), fundada en 647 e. C.,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> la que visitó cerca del <a href="/wiki/460_e.C." title="460 e.C.">460 e. C.</a> <a href="/wiki/Her%C3%B3doto" class="mw-redirect" title="Heródoto">Heródoto</a>, el gran <a href="/wiki/Historiograf%C3%ADa_griega" title="Historiografía griega">historiador</a> de l'Antigüedá, que s'interesaba polos pueblos que vivíen nos vastos terrenes al norte del mar Negru tales como los escites, los <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1rmatas" title="Sármatas">sármatas</a> y les llexendaries muyeres guerreres llamaes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amazona_(mitolox%C3%ADa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amazona (mitoloxía) (la páxina nun esiste)">amazones</a>. Mientres dalgún tiempu la ciudá de Borístenes foi la sede de los reis escites. Pero l'área del actual cascu vieyu de la ciudá ocupar el Puertu de Istrianos (Ιστριανών λιμήν), una población griega que se dedicaba, na so mayor parte, al comerciu de <a href="/wiki/Ceberes" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceberes">ceberes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miel" title="Miel">miel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vinu" title="Vinu">vinu</a> y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esclavit%C3%BA_na_Antigua_Grecia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esclavitú na Antigua Grecia (la páxina nun esiste)">esclavos</a>. Les buelgues de l'antigua cultura griega atópase en casi toes partes, dende'l puertu y el bulevar Primórskiy hasta la plaza Griega, nel monte Zhivájova y nos suburbios. </p><p>Ente los sieglos II-IV la zona perteneció al <a href="/wiki/Imperiu_romanu" title="Imperiu romanu">Imperiu romanu</a> como una parte de les provincies primero <a href="/wiki/Dacia_(provincia_romana)" title="Dacia (provincia romana)">Dacia</a>, depués <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesia (la páxina nun esiste)">Mesia</a> Inferior. </p><p>Supónse que la principal causa de la decadencia de la villa foi pola invasión de les tribus <a href="/wiki/Godu" class="mw-redirect" title="Godu">godes</a> provenientes del norte, qu'a mediaos del <a href="/wiki/Sieglu_III" title="Sieglu III">sieglu III</a>, xunto colos <a href="/wiki/Alanos" title="Alanos">alanos</a>, que vivíen al norte del <a href="/wiki/Mar_d%27Azov" title="Mar d'Azov">mar d'Azov</a>, afararon los pueblos griegos de la mariña septentrional del <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negru" title="Mar Negru">mar Negru</a>. Nun ta atestiguáu, pero ye probable que neses tierres los <a href="/wiki/Pueblu_godu" title="Pueblu godu">godos</a> per primer vegada atopar cola desenvuelta cultura grecorromana y el <a href="/wiki/Cristianismu" title="Cristianismu">cristianismu</a>. D'ello resultó'l so cristianización y l'apaición del <a href="/wiki/Alfabetu_g%C3%B3ticu" title="Alfabetu góticu">alfabetu godu</a>, el primer alfabetu européu creáu a partir del llatín. Del conflictu ente'l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paganismu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paganismu (la páxina nun esiste)">paganismu</a> <a href="/wiki/Pueblos_xerm%C3%A1nicos" title="Pueblos xermánicos">xermanu</a> y el <a href="/wiki/Cristianismu" title="Cristianismu">cristianismu</a> resultó qu'esta zona del mariniegu norte de <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negru" title="Mar Negru">mar Negru</a> dio a la ilesia cristiana munchos mártires pola fe, d'orixe <a href="/wiki/Godu" class="mw-redirect" title="Godu">godu</a>. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/375" title="375">375</a> los <a href="/wiki/Pueblu_godu" title="Pueblu godu">godos</a>, espulsaos polos <a href="/wiki/Hunos" title="Hunos">hunos</a>, recularon so la proteición romana a les <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesia (la páxina nun esiste)">provincies balcániques</a>. Los <a href="/wiki/Hunos" title="Hunos">hunos</a> borraron los restos de les ciudaes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultura_de_Grecia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultura de Grecia (la páxina nun esiste)">heléniques</a>, abriendo pasu a otros pueblos <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3mades" class="mw-redirect" title="Nómades">nómades</a> a les grandes <a href="/wiki/Estepa" title="Estepa">estepes</a>: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81varos" title="Ávaros">ávaros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">búlgaros</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BAngaros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Húngaros (la páxina nun esiste)">húngaros</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1zaros" title="Jázaros">jázaros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pechenegos" title="Pechenegos">pechenegos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cumano (la páxina nun esiste)">polovtsianos</a>, qu'apoderaron neses tierres socesivamente del <a href="/wiki/Sieglu_IV" title="Sieglu IV">sieglu IV</a> al XIII. Ente los sieglos IX y XI tamién s'establecieron nesi territoriu tribus sedentaries <a href="/wiki/Pueblos_eslavos" title="Pueblos eslavos">eslaves</a>. </p><p>Na segunda metá del <a href="/wiki/Sieglu_XIII" title="Sieglu XIII">sieglu XIII</a> el territoriu cai sol dominiu del imperiu de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batu_Kan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batu Kan (la páxina nun esiste)">Batu Kan</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Horda_d%27Oru" title="Horda d'Oru">Horda d'Oru</a>. Nesi tiempu nel mapa del área apaez la escala mercantil <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_X%C3%A9nova" title="República de Xénova">xenovesa</a> llamada Ginestra. Los xefes <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1rtaros" title="Tártaros">mongolo-tártaros</a> favorecíen a los xenoveses, por tener intereses comunes nel comerciu d'esclavos. </p><p>Desintegrada nel <a href="/wiki/Sieglu_XIV" title="Sieglu XIV">sieglu XIV</a> la Horda, a la costa norte del mar Negru pasó al <a href="/wiki/Gran_Duc%C3%A1u_de_Lituania" title="Gran Ducáu de Lituania">Gran Ducáu de Lituania</a> y construyóse un fuerte de madera qu'apoderaba sobre la badea. Pero'l Ducáu nun supo caltener lo adquirío. Dende'l <a href="/wiki/Sieglu_XV" title="Sieglu XV">sieglu XV</a> el territoriu tuvo pobláu por <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1rtaros" title="Tártaros">tártaros</a> seminómades y griegos en pequeños pueblos costeros. La horda de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yedis%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yedisán (la páxina nun esiste)">Gran Nogái</a>, kanato tártaru independiente hasta <a href="/wiki/1475" title="1475">1475</a>, cayó sol dominiu del <a href="/wiki/Imperiu_otomanu" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiu otomanu">Imperiu otomanu</a>. </p><p>Según el testimoniu del séquitu del rei suecu <a href="/wiki/Carlos_XII_de_Suecia" title="Carlos XII de Suecia">Carlos XII</a>, que foi ganáu pol zar rusu <a href="/wiki/Pedro%27l_Grande" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Pedro'l Grande">Pedro'l Grande</a> na <a href="/wiki/Batalla_de_Poltava" title="Batalla de Poltava">batalla de Poltava</a> y fuxía a <a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia</a>, en <a href="/wiki/1709" title="1709">1709</a> atoparon ellí namái una «miserable aldega». En <a href="/wiki/1765" title="1765">1765</a>, cerca d'ella constrúi una pequeña fortaleza turca de Yení Dunyá, la que'l pueblu empezó a llamase de la mesma manera que'l cercanu pueblecillo grecotártaro de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khadsibey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khadsibey (la páxina nun esiste)">Jadzhibéy</a>. </p><p>Dempués de dos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_Ruso-Turca,_1787-1792&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guerra Ruso-Turca, 1787-1792 (la páxina nun esiste)">guerres rusu-turques</a>, empecipiaes por <a href="/wiki/Catalina_la_Grande" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalina la Grande">Catalina la Grande</a> na segunda metá del <a href="/wiki/Sieglu_XVIII" title="Sieglu XVIII">sieglu XVIII</a>, el territoriu foi xuníu al <a href="/wiki/Imperiu_rusu" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiu rusu">Imperiu rusu</a>. Al riscar del <a href="/wiki/14_de_setiembre" title="14 de setiembre">14 de setiembre</a> de <a href="/wiki/1792" title="1792">1792</a>, el destacamentu de tropes ruses y de mercenarios <a href="/wiki/Cosacos" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosacos">cosacos</a>, sol mandu del conde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_de_Ribas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José de Ribas (la páxina nun esiste)">José de Ribas</a>, tomó definitivamente'l fuerte de Yení Dunyá, esto ye, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khadsibey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khadsibey (la páxina nun esiste)">Jadzhibéy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fundación_d'Odesa"><span id="Fundaci.C3.B3n_d.27Odesa"></span>Fundación d'Odesa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar seición: Fundación d'Odesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Fundación d'Odesa"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Odessa_Catherine_the_Great.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Odessa_Catherine_the_Great.jpg/250px-Odessa_Catherine_the_Great.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Odessa_Catherine_the_Great.jpg/500px-Odessa_Catherine_the_Great.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Monumentu a <a href="/wiki/Catalina_la_Grande" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalina la Grande">Catalina la Grande</a> y los padres fundadores de la ciudá.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Josef_De_Ribas.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Josef_De_Ribas.JPG/250px-Josef_De_Ribas.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Josef_De_Ribas.JPG/255px-Josef_De_Ribas.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Josef_De_Ribas.JPG 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption>Estatua de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_de_Ribas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José de Ribas (la páxina nun esiste)">José de Ribas</a> por Aleksandr Knyázik, 1994.</figcaption></figure> <p>La ciudá y el puertu d'Odesa fundáronse oficialmente en <a href="/wiki/1794" title="1794">1794</a>, por un decretu de <a href="/wiki/Catalina_la_Grande" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalina la Grande">Catalina la Grande</a> como la principal puerta marítima del sur del <a href="/wiki/Imperiu_rusu" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiu rusu">Imperiu rusu</a>. La iniciativa foi del español nacíu en Nápoles (y contralmirante de l'Armada rusa) conde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_de_Ribas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José de Ribas (la páxina nun esiste)">José de Ribas</a> que dirixó la construcción de la ciudá, de la fortaleza y del puertu, diseñaos pol inxenieru holandés <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_de_Vol%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz de Volán (la páxina nun esiste)">Franz de Volán</a>. </p><p>El nome escoyíu pa la ciudá foi'l de l'antigua colonia griega de Odessos (Οδησσός) y en <a href="/wiki/1795" title="1795">1795</a>, la emperatriz camudó-y el xéneru al femenín, Odesa. </p><p>El rápidu desenvolvimientu y el florecimientu d'Odesa débense principalmente a l'actividá y bon gobiernu de los padres de la ciudá: el conde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_de_Ribas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José de Ribas (la páxina nun esiste)">J. de Ribas</a>, l'inxenieru militar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_de_Vol%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz de Volán (la páxina nun esiste)">F. de Volán</a>, el duque de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armand_Emmanuel_Sophie_Septemanie_du_Plessis,_Duque_de_Richelieu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armand Emmanuel Sophie Septemanie du Plessis, Duque de Richelieu (la páxina nun esiste)">Richelieu</a>, el conde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Andrault_de_Langeron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Andrault de Langeron (la páxina nun esiste)">L. Langerón</a>, y el conde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikha%C3%ADl_Semi%C3%B3novich_Vorontsov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikhaíl Semiónovich Vorontsov (la páxina nun esiste)">M.S. Vorontsov</a>. </p><p>Mientres los años <a href="/wiki/1823" title="1823">1823</a>-<a href="/wiki/1824" title="1824">1824</a>, el gran poeta rusu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Pushkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alejandro Pushkin (la páxina nun esiste)">Alejandro Pushkin</a> vivió y escribió n'Odesa. Los sos "Cartes" cunten como Odesa foi la gran ciudá rusa <i>"onde tou a Europa güel y alienda..."</i>, y onde pueden falase francés y lleer prensa europea. Dende aquel entós la ciudá convertir nuna <a href="/wiki/Meca" class="mw-redirect" title="Meca">Meca</a> para artistes, científicos y otros intelectuales de fama mundial, llugar de veranéu predilectu de la nobleza, rusa y polaca na so mayor parte. </p><p>Mientres la <a href="/wiki/Guerra_de_Crimea" title="Guerra de Crimea">Guerra de Crimea</a>, n'abril de <a href="/wiki/1854" title="1854">1854</a>, Odesa foi bombardiada por fuercies navales britániques y franceses con un intentu de desembarcu, pero ensin ésitu, por cuenta de una fuerte resistencia de los ciudadanos y la reacción inmediata nel so defensa de parte de la prensa europea. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sieglu_XX">Sieglu XX</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar seición: Sieglu XX" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Sieglu XX"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A empiezos del <a href="/wiki/Sieglu_XX" title="Sieglu XX">sieglu XX</a>, Odesa aportó a la cuarta ciudá del <a href="/wiki/Imperiu_rusu" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiu rusu">Imperiu rusu</a>, pol so tamañu ya importancia (dempués de <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%BA" title="Moscú">Moscú</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Petersburgu" title="San Petersburgu">San Petersburgu</a> y <a href="/wiki/Varsovia" title="Varsovia">Varsovia</a>), y foi considerada una de les ciudaes más alcontradices d'<a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>. Tenía comunicación ferroviaria y marítima, electricidá, teléfonu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agua_corriente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agua corriente (la páxina nun esiste)">agua corriente</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcantarell%C3%A1u" title="Alcantarelláu">alcantarelláu</a>, les cais meyor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pavimentu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pavimentu (la páxina nun esiste)">pavimentadas</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> (allegaben especialistes americanos pa conocer la so teunoloxía), tresporte municipal, hospitales y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambulancia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambulancia (la páxina nun esiste)">ambulancia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balneariu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balneariu (la páxina nun esiste)">balnearios</a>, la Universidá, institutos y liceos, 5 biblioteques privaes y 2 públiques, museos, la Ópera (los espectáculos dar en rusu, polacu, alemán, italianu y francés), teatros y cines, <a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3dromu" title="Hipódromu">hipódromu</a>, parques, hoteles de luxu, cerca de mil cafés y restoranes, y bona compañía de ricos y nobles de toa <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Revolución"><span id="Revoluci.C3.B3n"></span>Revolución</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar seición: Revolución" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Revolución"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Potemkinsche_treppe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Potemkinsche_treppe.jpg/250px-Potemkinsche_treppe.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Potemkinsche_treppe.jpg/375px-Potemkinsche_treppe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Potemkinsche_treppe.jpg/500px-Potemkinsche_treppe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalera_Potemkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escalera Potemkin (la páxina nun esiste)">Escalera Potiomkin</a>, unu de los símbolos d'Odesa.</figcaption></figure> <p>En <a href="/wiki/1905" title="1905">1905</a> Odesa vivió una <a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_rusa_de_1905" title="Revolución rusa de 1905">revolución de trabayadores</a>. El famosu llargumetraxe <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27acoraz%C3%A1u_Potemkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L'acorazáu Potemkin (la páxina nun esiste)">L'acorazáu Potemkin</a></i> del direutor <a href="/wiki/Sergu%C3%A9i_Eisenstein" title="Serguéi Eisenstein">Serguéi Eisenstein</a> fai referencia a esti eventu, ya inclúi una de les escenes más famoses de la historia del cine, onde cientos de civiles rusos son asesinaos nuna escalera de piedra. La masacre nunca asocedió na realidá, pero la película terminó convenciendo a munches persones de que fuera real y mientres munches décades los <i>pasos d'Odesa</i> fueron una atraición turística d'Odesa. </p><p>Dempués de la <a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_rusa_de_1917" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolución rusa de 1917">Revolución Bolxevique</a> de <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a> la ciudá portuaria aportó a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rep%C3%BAblica_Sovi%C3%A9tica_d%27Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="República Soviética d'Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">República Soviética d'Odesa</a>, más tarde la capital de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rep%C3%BAblica_Sovi%C3%A9tica_Socialista_de_Besarabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="República Soviética Socialista de Besarabia (la páxina nun esiste)">República Soviética Socialista de Besarabia</a> qu'a finales de la <a href="/wiki/Primer_Guerra_Mundial" title="Primer Guerra Mundial">Primer Guerra Mundial</a> foi ocupada poles tropes austriacu-alemanes. En <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>, los <a href="/wiki/Comunismu" title="Comunismu">comunistes</a> retomaron el control de la ciudá que foi absorbida pola <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_Federativa_Sovi%C3%A9tica_de_Rusia" title="República Socialista Federativa Soviética de Rusia">RSFS de Rusia</a> y depués incluyida na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_Sovi%C3%A9tica_d%27Ucra%C3%ADna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="República Socialista Soviética d'Ucraína (la páxina nun esiste)">República Socialista Soviética d'Ucraína</a>, más tarde parte de la <a href="/wiki/XRSS" class="mw-redirect" title="XRSS">XRSS</a>. Ente <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a> y <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> Odesa sufrió gravemente les consecuencies de la <a href="/wiki/Guerra_Civil_Rusa" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerra Civil Rusa">guerra civil</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Segunda_Guerra_Mundial">Segunda Guerra Mundial</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar seición: Segunda Guerra Mundial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Segunda Guerra Mundial"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4219085">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artículu principal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalla_d%27Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalla d'Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">Batalla d'Odesa</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4219085" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artículu principal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holocaustu_n%27Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holocaustu n'Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">Holocaustu n'Odesa</a></div> <p>Ente <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>-<a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a> la ciudá foi ocupada por fuercies rumanes y alemanes, sacante la so parte soterraña onde siguía la resistencia. Nos primeros meses d'ocupación, aproximao 280.000 persones (la mayoría xudíos) fueron asesinaes o deportaes. Odesa foi lliberada pol <a href="/wiki/Ex%C3%A9rcitu_Color%C3%A1u" class="mw-redirect" title="Exércitu Coloráu">Exércitu Coloráu</a>'l <a href="/wiki/10_d%27abril" title="10 d'abril">10 d'abril</a> de <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>. </p><p>Odesa aportó a la primer ciudá europea que dio una resistencia fuerte y duradero a les tropes <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">hitlerianes</a>, siendo asediada por elles mientres 73 díes hasta'l so abandonu poles <a href="/wiki/Ex%C3%A9rcitu_Color%C3%A1u" class="mw-redirect" title="Exércitu Coloráu">tropes soviétiques</a> conforme a la orde de <a href="/wiki/Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalin">Stalin</a>. Pol heroísmu de los ciudadanos en <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> Odesa recibió'l títulu de <a href="/wiki/Ciud%C3%A1_Heroica" title="Ciudá Heroica">Ciudá Heroica</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Posguerra">Posguerra</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar seición: Posguerra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Posguerra"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mientres los años <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a> y <a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a>, la ciudá creció rápido y aportó a unu de los centros industriales más importantes de la <a href="/wiki/XRSS" class="mw-redirect" title="XRSS">XRSS</a>. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína">Ucraína</a> convertir nun estáu independiente, tres la <a href="/wiki/Disoluci%C3%B3n_de_la_Xuni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Disolución de la Xunión Soviética">disolución de la Xunión Soviética</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflictu_en_2014">Conflictu en 2014</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar seición: Conflictu en 2014" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Conflictu en 2014"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Odessa_Russian_Sring_20140413_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Odessa_Russian_Sring_20140413_02.JPG/220px-Odessa_Russian_Sring_20140413_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Odessa_Russian_Sring_20140413_02.JPG/330px-Odessa_Russian_Sring_20140413_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Odessa_Russian_Sring_20140413_02.JPG/440px-Odessa_Russian_Sring_20140413_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Manifestación del 13 d'abril</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4219085" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artículu principal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protestes_prorruses_n%27Ucra%C3%ADna_de_2014&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protestes prorruses n'Ucraína de 2014 (la páxina nun esiste)">Protestes prorruses n'Ucraína de 2014</a></div> <p>El 3 de marzu de 2014 aprucieron nel edificiu alministrativu del <a href="/wiki/%C3%93blast_d%27Odesa" title="Óblast d'Odesa">óblast d'Odesa</a> esixendo un referendu sobre l'establecimientu de la "República Autónoma d'Odesa".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manifestaciones de protesta qu'esixíen un referendu pola federalización d'Ucraína asocedieron el 6 y 13 d'abril na ciudá. La marcha pol <a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADa_Internacional_de_los_Trabayadores" title="Día Internacional de los Trabayadores">Día Internacional de los Trabayadores</a>, el <a href="/wiki/1_de_mayu" title="1 de mayu">1 de mayu</a> de <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> n'Odesa rexuntó un ensame que sofitó al movimientu Alternativa Popular nun campamentu pa recoyer firmes en sofitu d'un referendu pola descentralización del país y l'oficialidá de la llingua rusa.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El <a href="/wiki/2_de_mayu" title="2 de mayu">2 de mayu</a> siguiente tres choques ente dos bandos de manifestantes, el campamentu foi atacáu y a lo menos 46 persones morrieron na vecina «casa de los sindicatos», de resultes d'una quema provocada polos neofascistes de Sector Derechu. Odesa ye una ciudá ucraína y la so mayoría de población escoyeron el so futuru con Ucrania.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xeografía"><span id="Xeograf.C3.ADa"></span>Xeografía</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar seición: Xeografía" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Xeografía"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Topar nuna planicie a les veres de la badea d'Odesa del <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negru" title="Mar Negru">mar Negru</a> ente les desaguaes de los ríos <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A9ster" class="mw-redirect" title="Dniéster">Dniéster</a> y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bug_Meridional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bug Meridional (la páxina nun esiste)">Bug</a>. La ciudá llenda con llagos salaos d'hasta 5 m de fondura, tradicionalmente llamaos "<a href="/wiki/Lim%C3%A1n" title="Limán">limanes</a>". Nel sur ta'l limán Sujoy, nel que se topa'l puertu d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilichevsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilichevsk (la páxina nun esiste)">Ilichevsk</a>, unu de los suburbios. Nel norte topen los limanes de Jadzhibéi y Kuyálnik (dambos conocíos poles sos folles curatibles), separaos unu del otru pel monte Zhivájova de 41 m, el puntu más altu de la ciudá. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clima">Clima</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar seición: Clima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Clima"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El clima d'Odesa ye continental moderáu y comparativamente secu. Tien cerca de 290 díes soleyeros al añu. </p><p>Les precipitaciones son de 460 mm añales, col so máximu n'ochobre. </p><p>Los iviernos son curtios y nidios. Los valores medios de temperatura bazcuyen alredor de los -2 °C (mín -26 °C) en xineru y los 22 °C (máx 36 °C) n'agostu.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14" style="font-weight:bold"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Gnome-weather-few-clouds.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gnome-weather-few-clouds.svg/30px-Gnome-weather-few-clouds.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gnome-weather-few-clouds.svg/45px-Gnome-weather-few-clouds.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gnome-weather-few-clouds.svg/60px-Gnome-weather-few-clouds.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span>  Parámetros climáticos permediu d'Odessa (1981-2010) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:WPTC_Meteo_task_force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/WPTC_Meteo_task_force.svg/30px-WPTC_Meteo_task_force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/WPTC_Meteo_task_force.svg/45px-WPTC_Meteo_task_force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/WPTC_Meteo_task_force.svg/60px-WPTC_Meteo_task_force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="border-right-width:medium">Mes </th> <th abbr="Xineru">Xin </th> <th abbr="Febreru">Feb </th> <th abbr="Marzu">Mar </th> <th abbr="Abril">Abr </th> <th abbr="Mayu">May </th> <th abbr="Xunu">Xun </th> <th abbr="Xunetu">Xnt </th> <th abbr="Agostu">Ago </th> <th abbr="Setiembre">Set </th> <th abbr="Ochobre">Och </th> <th abbr="Payares">Pay </th> <th abbr="Avientu">Avi </th> <th style="border-left-width:medium" abbr="añal">añal </th></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Temperatura máxima absoluta (°C) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#FF9900;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">15.1 </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">18.6 </td> <td style="background:#FF5000;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">24.1 </td> <td style="background:#FF3C00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">29.4 </td> <td style="background:#FF1400;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">33.2 </td> <td style="background:#FF1400;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">35.6 </td> <td style="background:#DB0000;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">39.3 </td> <td style="background:#FF0000;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">38.0 </td> <td style="background:#FF2800;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">32.4 </td> <td style="background:#FF2800;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">30.5 </td> <td style="background:#FF5000;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">26.0 </td> <td style="background:#FF9900;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">16.3 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#DB0000;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>39.3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Temperatura máxima media (°C) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">2.2 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">2.7 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">6.6 </td> <td style="background:#FFA500;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">13.0 </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">19.5 </td> <td style="background:#FF5000;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">24.0 </td> <td style="background:#FF3C00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">27.0 </td> <td style="background:#FF5000;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">26.5 </td> <td style="background:#FF6400;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">21.0 </td> <td style="background:#FF9900;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">15.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">8.4 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">3.7 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#FFA500;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>14.1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Temperatura media (°C) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-0.5 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-0.2 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">3.5 </td> <td style="background:#FFCC66;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">9.5 </td> <td style="background:#FF9900;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">15.6 </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">20.0 </td> <td style="background:#FF6400;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">22.6 </td> <td style="background:#FF6400;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">22.3 </td> <td style="background:#FF9900;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">17.2 </td> <td style="background:#FFCC66;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">11.6 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">5.7 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">1.1 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#FFCC66;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>10.7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Temperatura mínima media (°C) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-2.8 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-2.6 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">1.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">6.6 </td> <td style="background:#FFA500;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">12.1 </td> <td style="background:#FF9900;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">16.3 </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">18.5 </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">18.2 </td> <td style="background:#FFA500;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">13.5 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">8.6 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">3.2 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-1.2 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>7.6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Temperatura mínima absoluta (°C) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#5064FF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-26.2 </td> <td style="background:#3C50FF;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-28.0 </td> <td style="background:#8CA0FF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-16.0 </td> <td style="background:#DCF0FF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-5.9 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0.3 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">5.2 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">7.5 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">7.9 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-0.8 </td> <td style="background:#A0B4FF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-13.3 </td> <td style="background:#A0B4FF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-14.6 </td> <td style="background:#788CFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">-19.6 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#3C50FF;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>-28.0</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16"><a href="/wiki/Precipitaci%C3%B3n_(meteorolox%C3%ADa)" title="Precipitación (meteoroloxía)">Precipitación</a> total (mm) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">34 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">37 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">32 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #C8DCFF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #A0B4FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #A0B4FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #A0B4FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">35 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #A0B4FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;">35 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; text-align:center; background: #B4C8FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;"><b>453</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Díes de nevaes (≥ 1 mm) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#508CFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">11 </td> <td style="background:#508CFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="background:#A0C8F0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0.4 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#<strong class="> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0.2 </td> <td style="background:#A0C8F0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">4 </td> <td style="background:#A0C8F0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">9 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#C8DCF0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>41</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16"><a href="/wiki/Heliofan%C3%ADa" title="Heliofanía">Hores de sol</a> </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#7f7b67;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">52.7 </td> <td style="background:#9b9471;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">81.2 </td> <td style="background:#c9bb6d;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">151.9 </td> <td style="background:#f7e135;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">222.0 </td> <td style="background:#ffe700;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">310.0 </td> <td style="background:#ffe700;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">330.0 </td> <td style="background:#ffe700;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">341.0 </td> <td style="background:#ffe700;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">328.6 </td> <td style="background:#ffe700;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">231.0 </td> <td style="background:#d3c368;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">164.3 </td> <td style="background:#8e886d;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">63.0 </td> <td style="background:#6e6b5e;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">43.4 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#c9bb6d;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>2319.1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16"><a href="/wiki/Humed%C3%A1" title="Humedá">Humedá relativa</a> (%) </th> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">83 </td> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">81 </td> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">78 </td> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">74 </td> <td style="background:#1E5aFF;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">71 </td> <td style="background:#1E5aFF;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">70 </td> <td style="background:#1E5aFF;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">66 </td> <td style="background:#1E5aFF;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">65 </td> <td style="background:#1E5aFF;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">72 </td> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">77 </td> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">82 </td> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">84 </td> <td style="border-left-width:medium; background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;"><b>75</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center; font-size:88%"><i>Fonte nº1: Pogoda.ru.net<sup id="cite_ref-pogoda_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pogoda-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"><i>Fonte nº2: Climatebase.ru (sol 1937-2011)<sup id="cite_ref-clima1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clima1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economía"><span id="Econom.C3.ADa"></span>Economía</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar seición: Economía" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Economía"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La economía d'Odesa básase principalmente nel comerciu, el tresporte de mercancíes y la producción industrial; el sector turísticu ta pocu desenvueltu. </p><p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Industria_d%27Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industria d'Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">industria d'Odesa</a> inclúi cañes tales como la química, petroquímica, metalurxa, metalmecánica, farmacéutica, alimentaria y cinematográfica. El <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estudiu_de_cine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estudiu de cine (la páxina nun esiste)">estudiu de cine</a> d'Odesa foi fundáu en 1907. </p><p>Odessa tien aeropuertu internacional,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> puertos de mercancíes<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> y de pasaxeros, más dos puertos mercantiles nos suburbios. Tamién esiste una base naval y una flota pesquera. </p><p>Cerca de la ciudá atopa'l mercáu a cielu abiertu más grande d'Europa, que da 1% del <a href="/wiki/PIB" class="mw-redirect" title="PIB">PIB</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína">Ucraína</a>. Gracies a ésti, el desenvolvimientu del puertu y el sector creciente de la construcción civil, l'índiz de <a href="/wiki/Desemplegu" title="Desemplegu">desemplegu</a> n'Odesa ye menor que n'otres partes del país. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a> l'axencia creiticia de Fitch Ratings baxó'l nivel creiticiu d'Odesa hasta 'B' negativu al llargu plazu.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comunidá"><span id="Comunid.C3.A1"></span>Comunidá</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar seición: Comunidá" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Comunidá"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Históricamente, l'abanicu étnicu de la ciudá foi bien diversu, anque foi práuticamente uniformado pola cultura soviética. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:IspeakRussian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/IspeakRussian.jpg/250px-IspeakRussian.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/IspeakRussian.jpg/330px-IspeakRussian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/IspeakRussian.jpg/500px-IspeakRussian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption>Manifestación de odesitas en defensa de la fala rusa na ciudá.</figcaption></figure> <p>Na dómina de tomar de la fortaleza turca de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khadsibey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khadsibey (la páxina nun esiste)">Jadzhibéy</a> poles tropes ruses, en 1789, la población, yera de menos de 100 persones y constaba de griegos, tártaros de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yedis%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yedisán (la páxina nun esiste)">Yedisán</a> y pocos moldavos. Reconquistaes les tierres del sur de <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalina_la_Grande" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalina la Grande">Catalina la Grande</a> empecipió la repoblación de la rexón. La xente de toa Europa yera bienvenida. Llegaron en masa <a href="/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia">griegos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusos" class="mw-redirect" title="Rusos">rusos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italianos" class="mw-redirect" title="Italianos">italianos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yugoslavos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yugoslavos (la páxina nun esiste)">yugoslavos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BAlgaros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Búlgaros (la páxina nun esiste)">búlgaros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alemanes" title="Alemanes">alemanes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgues" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgues">belgues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenios" title="Armenios">armenios</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pueblu_rumanu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pueblu rumanu (la páxina nun esiste)">rumanos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polacos" class="mw-redirect" title="Polacos">polacos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADnos" class="mw-redirect" title="Ucraínos">ucraínos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franceses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franceses (la páxina nun esiste)">franceses</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bielorrusos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bielorrusos (la páxina nun esiste)">bielorrusos</a>, suizos, <a href="/wiki/Xud%C3%ADos" class="mw-redirect" title="Xudíos">xudíos</a>, etc., formando barrios o cais que s'empezar a llamar según el pueblu qu'ellí vivía. Anque güei día Odessa nun tien barrios étnicos, el so mapa abonda de topónimos d'esi tipu: la plaza Griega, los bulevares Francés ya Italianu, cais Búlgara, Polaca, Xudía, Arnauta (Albanesa) Menor y Mayor, Griega, Estonia, etc. La fusión de toes estes xentes qu'abandonaren les sos tierres natales, fuxendo de la miseria o de la persecución, en busca d'un futuru meyor, formó'l calter aventureru, hospitalariu, allegre a lo mediterráneo y amigo de la llibertá propiu de los odesitas. </p><p>En 1926 el 39,2% de los habitantes identificábense como rusos, el 36,9% como <a href="/wiki/Xud%C3%ADu" class="mw-redirect" title="Xudíu">xudíos</a>, el 17,7% como ucraínos у el 2,4% como polacos.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El porcentaxe de xudíos baxó drásticamente tres la ocupación <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">nazi</a>. Nel censu de 1989 los xudíos yeren el 5,9% de la población y nel de 2001 el 12,4%, frente a 61,6% ucraínos y 29% rusos étnicos.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:The_World_Odessit_Club_symbol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_World_Odessit_Club_symbol.jpg/250px-The_World_Odessit_Club_symbol.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_World_Odessit_Club_symbol.jpg/500px-The_World_Odessit_Club_symbol.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1758" data-file-height="1176" /></a><figcaption>El símbolu del Club Mundial de Odesitas.</figcaption></figure> <p>La mentalidá de los odesitas estremar de la del mundu rusohablante polo xeneral y considérase un fenómenu cultural específicu. La <a href="/wiki/Di%C3%A1spora" title="Diáspora">diáspora</a> odesita que tuvo llugar nes últimes décades de la esistencia de la <a href="/wiki/XRSS" class="mw-redirect" title="XRSS">XRSS</a>, principalmente escontra los países anglosaxones, <a href="/wiki/Alema%C3%B1a" title="Alemaña">Alemaña</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, formó un grupu cultural aparte. El <a href="/wiki/Lema" title="Lema">lema</a> non oficial, pero aceptáu por tolos odesitas, tantu de la diáspora como de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metr%C3%B3polis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metrópolis (la páxina nun esiste)">metrópolis</a>, ye: <i>¡Odesitas de tolos países, xunir!</i> Esisten organizaciones internacionales y organismos municipales que s'ocupen de los contactos cola diáspora.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dende la independencia produció una bultable emigración. En 1989 la ciudá tenía 1.115.371 habitantes y en 2001 un total de 1.029.049. Los rusos étnicos pasaron de ser el 39% de la población a ser el 29%. Nes últimes trés décades, el clima cultural de la ciudá taba fuertemente afeutáu pola <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emigraci%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emigración (la páxina nun esiste)">emigración</a> de xudíos y alemanes, y la gran arribación d'inmigrantes ucraínos de les zones rurales. </p><p>Odessa ye una de les zones d'Ucraína onde'l <a href="/wiki/Idioma_rusu" title="Idioma rusu">rusu</a> ye la llingua dominante. Nel censu de 2001, el 64,75% de los residentes informó'l rusu como la so llingua materna.<sup id="cite_ref-lang_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lang-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'idioma oficial del estáu ye ucraín, llingua materna del 30,41% de la población de la ciudá, anque'l porcentaxe de población que la usa cotidianamente ye entá menor.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La población d'Odesa cunta güei con 1.061.116 persones (2014).<sup id="cite_ref-censo_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-censo-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deportes">Deportes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editar seición: Deportes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Deportes"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Chornomorets_Stadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Chornomorets_Stadium.jpg/150px-Chornomorets_Stadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Chornomorets_Stadium.jpg/225px-Chornomorets_Stadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Chornomorets_Stadium.jpg/300px-Chornomorets_Stadium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2032" data-file-height="1524" /></a><figcaption>Estadiu Tsentralny-Chernomórets.</figcaption></figure> <p>Odessa ye unu de los centros más grandes del país n'instrucción de deportistes. Les escueles más destacaes son les de <a href="/wiki/Patinaxe_art%C3%ADsticu_sobre_xelu" title="Patinaxe artísticu sobre xelu">patinaxe artísticu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Axedrez" title="Axedrez">axedrez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Box%C3%A9u" title="Boxéu">boxéu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Halterofilia" title="Halterofilia">halterofilia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deportes_de_tiru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deportes de tiru (la páxina nun esiste)">deportes de tiru</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BAtbol" title="Fútbol">fútbol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baloncestu" title="Baloncestu">baloncestu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balonmano" title="Balonmano">balonmano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alpinismu" title="Alpinismu">alpinismu</a> y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vela_(deporte)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vela (deporte) (la páxina nun esiste)">vela</a>. Na ciudá funcionen los estadios de "Tsentralny-Chernomórets (ChMP)", "Espártaco", "SKA", "Dinamo", el Palaciu de Deportes y delles escueles deportives. </p><p>La ciudá ye sede del club de <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BAtbol" title="Fútbol">fútbol</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=FC_Chornomorets_Odessa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FC Chornomorets Odessa (la páxina nun esiste)">FC Chernomórets Odessa</a>, que fai de llocal nel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estadiu_Tsentralny-Chernom%C3%B3rets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estadiu Tsentralny-Chernomórets (la páxina nun esiste)">Estadiu Tsentralny-Chernomórets</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura">Cultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editar seición: Cultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Cultura"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Teatros</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teatru_Acad%C3%A9micu_Estatal_d%27%C3%93pera_y_Ballet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teatru Académicu Estatal d'Ópera y Ballet (la páxina nun esiste)">Teatru Académicu Estatal d'Ópera y Ballet</a> (1810, 1887)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Teatru Dramáticu Rusu I. Ivanov (1875)</li> <li>Circu Estatal (1889)</li> <li>Filarmónica (1924)</li> <li>Teatru Dramáticu Musical Ucraín V. Vasylko (1930)</li> <li>Teatru Estatal del Espectador Menor <a href="/wiki/Nikol%C3%A1i_Ostrovski" title="Nikolái Ostrovski">N. Ovstróvskiy</a> (1930)</li> <li>Teatru Rexonal de Títeres (1932)</li> <li>Teatru de Comedia Musical M. Vodianoy (la Opereta) (1953)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teatru_%E2%80%9CCasa_de_Payazos%E2%80%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teatru “Casa de Payazos” (la páxina nun esiste)">Teatru “Casa de Payazos”</a> (2003)</li> <li>Teatru Municipal de Música Espiritual A. Sálik (2003)</li> <li>Teatru Municipal de Música de J. Tabáchnik</li></ul> <ul><li>Planetariu de la UNU (1961)</li> <li>Delfinario (2005)</li></ul> <p><b>Museos</b> </p> <ul><li>Muséu Arqueolóxicu (1825)</li> <li>Muséu Paleontolóxicu de la UNU (1865)</li> <li>Muséu Petromineralógico de la UNU (1865)</li> <li>Muséu Zoolóxicu de la UNU (1865)</li> <li>Muséu d'Arte (1899)</li> <li>Muséu del Arte Occidental y Oriental (1920)</li> <li>Muséu de la Marina (1920)</li> <li>Muséu Históricu d'Odesa (1956)</li> <li>Muséu Memorial de la Defensa Heroica d'Odesa (1975)</li> <li>Muséu Lliterariu (1977)</li> <li>Muséu de Llibros Raros de la UNU (1975)</li> <li>Muséu de la Historia del Departamentu Rexonal d'Asuntos Interiores (1980)</li> <li>Muséu Históricu Militar (1985)</li> <li>Muséu Municipal de Coleiciones Privaes A.V. Bleschunov (1989)</li> <li>Muséu del Puertu d'Odesa F. de Volán (1990)</li> <li>Muséu de la "Filikí Etería" (Φιλική Εταιρεία) (1994) (en gr.)</li> <li>Muséu "Odessa Cristiana" (1994)</li> <li>Muséu de Numismática (1999)</li> <li>Muséu de Figures de Cera (1998)</li> <li>Muséu de K.G. Paustóvskiy (sociedá lliteraria) (1998)</li> <li>Muséu Lliterariu Memorial A.S. Púshkin (1999)</li> <li>Muséu Casa de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Roerich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Roerich (la páxina nun esiste)">N.K. Rérich</a> (2000)</li> <li>Muséu d'Historia de los Xudíos d'Odesa (2002)</li> <li>Muséu del Arte Moderno (2008)</li> <li>Xardín Botánicu de la UNU (1867)</li> <li>Zoo (1938)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Educación_y_ciencia"><span id="Educaci.C3.B3n_y_ciencia"></span>Educación y ciencia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editar seición: Educación y ciencia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=14" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Educación y ciencia"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Odessa_Arts_College.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Odessa_Arts_College.JPG/240px-Odessa_Arts_College.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Odessa_Arts_College.JPG/360px-Odessa_Arts_College.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Odessa_Arts_College.JPG/480px-Odessa_Arts_College.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>El Colexu de les Artes.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Elisavetinskaya_(Schepkina)_street_16,_Odessa,_Ukraine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Elisavetinskaya_%28Schepkina%29_street_16%2C_Odessa%2C_Ukraine.jpg/240px-Elisavetinskaya_%28Schepkina%29_street_16%2C_Odessa%2C_Ukraine.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Elisavetinskaya_%28Schepkina%29_street_16%2C_Odessa%2C_Ukraine.jpg/360px-Elisavetinskaya_%28Schepkina%29_street_16%2C_Odessa%2C_Ukraine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Elisavetinskaya_%28Schepkina%29_street_16%2C_Odessa%2C_Ukraine.jpg/480px-Elisavetinskaya_%28Schepkina%29_street_16%2C_Odessa%2C_Ukraine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Los llaboratorios de l'Academia del Fríu.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Enseñanza cimera</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universid%C3%A1_Nacional_d%27Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universidá Nacional d'Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">Universidá Nacional d'Odesa</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilya_Ilyich_Mechnikov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (la páxina nun esiste)">I.I. Méchnikov</a> (la UNU) (1865)</li> <li>Institutu de Tropes Terrestres (1899)</li> <li>Universidá Pedagóxica d'Ucraína Meridional K.D. Ushínskiy (1903)</li> <li>Academia Estatal de Música A.V. Nezhdánova ("El Conservatoriu") (1913)</li> <li>Universidá Politéunica d'Odesa (1918)</li> <li>Universidá Estatal Agraria (1918)</li> <li>Universidá Estatal Médica (1920)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universid%C3%A1_Econ%C3%B3mica_Estatal_d%27Odesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universidá Económica Estatal d'Odesa (la páxina nun esiste)">Universidá Económica Estatal d'Odesa</a> (1921)</li> <li>Academia Estatal de Teunoloxíes Alimentarias (1922)</li> <li>Institutu d'Asuntos Interiores (1922)</li> <li>Academia Estatal del Fríu (1922)</li> <li>Academia Nacional de Comunicación <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexandr_Step%C3%A1novich_Popov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexandr Stepánovich Popov (la páxina nun esiste)">A.S. Popov</a> (1930)</li> <li>Universidá Nacional Marítima (1930)</li> <li>Academia Estatal de Construcción y Arquiteutura (1930)</li> <li>Universidá Estatal del Mediu Ambiente (1932)</li> <li>Academia Nacional Marítima (1944)</li> <li>Academia Nacional Xurídica (1997)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ciudaes_hermaniaes">Ciudaes hermaniaes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Editar seición: Ciudaes hermaniaes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=15" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Ciudaes hermaniaes"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4219085" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artículu principal: <a href="/wiki/Hermanamientu_de_ciudaes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermanamientu de ciudaes">Hermanamientu de ciudaes</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4219205">.mw-parser-output .columnes{table-layout:fixed}.mw-parser-output .columnes .columna{margin-right:20px}</style><div> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="columnes"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td><div class="columna"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Exiptu"><img alt="Bandera de Exiptu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/20px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/40px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alexandr%C3%ADa" title="Alexandría">Alexandría</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exiptu" title="Exiptu">Exiptu</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Estaos Xuníos d'América"><img alt="Bandera de Estaos Xuníos d'América" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estaos_Xun%C3%ADos" class="mw-redirect" title="Estaos Xuníos">Estaos Xuníos</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de India"><img alt="Bandera de India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/20px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/30px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/40px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Calcuta" title="Calcuta">Calcuta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengala_Occidental" title="Bengala Occidental">Bengala Occidental</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Moldavia"><img alt="Bandera de Moldavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/20px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Quixin%C3%A1u" title="Quixináu">Quixináu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rumanía"><img alt="Bandera de Rumanía" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constan%C8%9Ba_(Ruman%C3%ADa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constanța (Rumanía) (la páxina nun esiste)">Constanța</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruman%C3%ADa" title="Rumanía">Rumanía</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Grecia"><img alt="Bandera de Grecia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/El_Pireo" class="mw-redirect" title="El Pireo">El Pireo</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%81tica" title="Ática">Ática</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia">Grecia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Turquía"><img alt="Bandera de Turquía" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Istambul" class="mw-redirect" title="Istambul">Istambul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rex%C3%B3n_del_M%C3%A1rmara" title="Rexón del Mármara">Rexón del Mármara</a> <a href="/wiki/Turqu%C3%ADa" title="Turquía">Turquía</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera d'Armenia"><img alt="Bandera d'Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yerev%C3%A1n" title="Yereván">Yereván</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Polonia"><img alt="Bandera de Polonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gdansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Gdansk">Gdansk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voivodatu_de_Pomerania" title="Voivodatu de Pomerania">Voivodatu de Pomerania</a> <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera d'Italia"><img alt="Bandera d'Italia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/X%C3%A9nova" title="Xénova">Xénova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Israel"><img alt="Bandera de Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/20px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/30px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/40px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Méxicu"><img alt="Bandera de Méxicu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Le%C3%B3n_(Guanajuato)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="León (Guanajuato) (la páxina nun esiste)">León</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guanajuato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guanajuato (la páxina nun esiste)">Guanajuato</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9xicu" title="Méxicu">Méxicu</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera del Reinu Xuníu"><img alt="Bandera del Reinu Xuníu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liverpool_(Inglaterra)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liverpool (Inglaterra) (la páxina nun esiste)">Liverpool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inglaterra" title="Inglaterra">Inglaterra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gran_Breta%C3%B1a" title="Gran Bretaña">Gran Bretaña</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Polonia"><img alt="Bandera de Polonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Francia"><img alt="Bandera de Francia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marsella" title="Marsella">Marsella</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provenza-Alpes-Costa_Azul" title="Provenza-Alpes-Costa Azul">Provenza-Alpes-Costa Azul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a>.</li></ul> </div> </td> <td><div style="margin-right: 20px;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Xipre"><img alt="Bandera de Xipre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xipre" title="Xipre">Xipre</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Finlandia"><img alt="Bandera de Finlandia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ostrobotnia_del_Norte" title="Ostrobotnia del Norte">Ostrobotnia del Norte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de la República Popular China"><img alt="Bandera de la República Popular China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-redirect" title="China">China</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera d'Alemaña"><img alt="Bandera d'Alemaña" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ratisbona" title="Ratisbona">Ratisbona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baviera" title="Baviera">Baviera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alema%C3%B1a" title="Alemaña">Alemaña</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Israel"><img alt="Bandera de Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/20px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/30px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/40px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosh_HaAyin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosh HaAyin (la páxina nun esiste)">Rosh HaAyin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rusia"><img alt="Bandera de Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rostov_del_Don" title="Rostov del Don">Rostov del Don</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Distritu_Federal_Sur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distritu Federal Sur (la páxina nun esiste)">Sur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Croacia"><img alt="Bandera de Croacia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Split" title="Split">Split</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croacia" title="Croacia">Croacia</a> <a href="/wiki/Cond%C3%A1u_de_Split-Dalmacia" title="Condáu de Split-Dalmacia">Split-Dalmacia</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera d'Hungría"><img alt="Bandera d'Hungría" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Szeged" title="Szeged">Szeged</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A9l-Alf%C3%B6ld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dél-Alföld (la páxina nun esiste)">Dél-Alföld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungr%C3%ADa" title="Hungría">Hungría</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Valencia">Valencia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comunid%C3%A1_Valenciana" title="Comunidá Valenciana">Comunidá Valenciana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a" title="España">España</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Chile"><img alt="Bandera de Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Provincia_de_Valpara%C3%ADso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Provincia de Valparaíso (la páxina nun esiste)">Provincia de Valparaíso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Turquía"><img alt="Bandera de Turquía" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Van_(ciud%C3%A1)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Van (ciudá) (la páxina nun esiste)">Van</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turqu%C3%ADa" title="Turquía">Turquía</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Canadá"><img alt="Bandera de Canadá" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Brit%C3%A1nica" title="Columbia Británica">Columbia Británica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canad%C3%A1" title="Canadá">Canadá</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Bulgaria"><img alt="Bandera de Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Varna_(Bulgaria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Varna (Bulgaria)">Varna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera d'Arabia Saudita"><img alt="Bandera d'Arabia Saudita" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yeda" title="Yeda">Yeda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Provincia_de_La_Meca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Provincia de La Meca (la páxina nun esiste)">La Meca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita">Arabia Saudita</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Xapón"><img alt="Bandera de Xapón" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prefeutura_de_Kanagawa" title="Prefeutura de Kanagawa">Prefeutura de Kanagawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón">Xapón</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ciudaes_acomuñaes"><span id="Ciudaes_acomu.C3.B1aes"></span>Ciudaes acomuñaes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Editar seición: Ciudaes acomuñaes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=16" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Ciudaes acomuñaes"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Bielorrusia"><img alt="Bandera de Bielorrusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brest_(Bielorrusia)" title="Brest (Bielorrusia)">Brest</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bielorrusia" title="Bielorrusia">Bielorrusia</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Lituania"><img alt="Bandera de Lituania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaipeda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaipeda (la páxina nun esiste)">Klaipeda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Bielorrusia"><img alt="Bandera de Bielorrusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bielorrusia" title="Bielorrusia">Bielorrusia</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rusia"><img alt="Bandera de Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%BA" title="Moscú">Moscú</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rusia"><img alt="Bandera de Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Petersburgu" title="San Petersburgu">San Petersburgu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>)</li></ul> </td> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rusia"><img alt="Bandera de Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Taganrog" title="Taganrog">Taganrog</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera d'Estonia"><img alt="Bandera d'Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tallin" class="mw-redirect" title="Tallin">Tallin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Xeorxa"><img alt="Bandera de Xeorxa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tblisi" title="Tblisi">Tblisi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Xeorxa" title="Xeorxa">Xeorxa</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rusia"><img alt="Bandera de Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Volgogr%C3%A1u" title="Volgográu">Volgográu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consulaos">Consulaos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Editar seición: Consulaos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=17" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Consulaos"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Bulgaria"><img alt="Bandera de Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de la <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">República de Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de la República Popular China"><img alt="Bandera de la República Popular China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de la <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-redirect" title="China">República Popular China</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Xeorxa"><img alt="Bandera de Xeorxa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de <a href="/wiki/Xeorxa" title="Xeorxa">Xeorxa</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Grecia"><img alt="Bandera de Grecia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de la <a href="/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia">República Helénica</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Moldavia"><img alt="Bandera de Moldavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/20px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de la <a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">República de Moldavia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Polonia"><img alt="Bandera de Polonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de la <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">República de Polonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rumanía"><img alt="Bandera de Rumanía" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de <a href="/wiki/Ruman%C3%ADa" title="Rumanía">Rumanía</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Rusia"><img alt="Bandera de Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de la <a href="/wiki/Federaci%C3%B3n_Rusa" class="mw-redirect" title="Federación Rusa">Federación Rusa</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Turquía"><img alt="Bandera de Turquía" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Xeneral de la <a href="/wiki/Turqu%C3%ADa" title="Turquía">República de Turquía</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera d'Alemaña"><img alt="Bandera d'Alemaña" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Honorariu d'<a href="/wiki/Alema%C3%B1a" title="Alemaña">Alemaña</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Kazakstán"><img alt="Bandera de Kazakstán" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Honorariu de la <a href="/wiki/Kazakst%C3%A1n" title="Kazakstán">República de Kazakstán</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Letonia"><img alt="Bandera de Letonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Honorariu de la <a href="/wiki/Letonia" title="Letonia">República de Letonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Paquistán"><img alt="Bandera de Paquistán" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Honorariu de la <a href="/wiki/Paquist%C3%A1n" title="Paquistán">República Islámica de Paquistán</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Sudáfrica"><img alt="Bandera de Sudáfrica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Consuláu Honorariu de la <a href="/wiki/Sud%C3%A1frica" title="Sudáfrica">República de Sudáfrica</a></li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Persones_famoses_d'Odesa"><span id="Persones_famoses_d.27Odesa"></span>Persones famoses d'Odesa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Editar seición: Persones famoses d'Odesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=18" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Persones famoses d'Odesa"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nacíos_n'Odesa"><span id="Nac.C3.ADos_n.27Odesa"></span>Nacíos n'Odesa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Editar seición: Nacíos n'Odesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=19" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Nacíos n'Odesa"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Ajm%C3%A1tova" title="Anna Ajmátova">Anna Ajmátova</a>, poeta rusa.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_Arnold" title="Vladímir Arnold">Vladímir Arnold</a>, matemáticu rusu.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaak_B%C3%A1bel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaak Bábel (la páxina nun esiste)">Isaak Bábel</a>, escritor rusu</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Igor_Bel%C3%A1nov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Igor Belánov (la páxina nun esiste)">Igor Belánov</a>, futbolista soviéticu.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sergu%C3%A9i_Bernst%C3%A9in&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serguéi Bernstéin (la páxina nun esiste)">Serguéi Bernstéin</a>, matemáticu rusu.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Gamow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Gamow (la páxina nun esiste)">George Gamow</a>, físicu y astrónomu.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Efim_Geller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efim Geller (la páxina nun esiste)">Efim Geller</a>, axedrecista soviéticu.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilf_y_Petrov" title="Ilf y Petrov">Ilyá Ilf y Yevgueni Petrov</a>, escritores soviéticos</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valent%C3%ADn_Kat%C3%A1yev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valentín Katáyev (la páxina nun esiste)">Valentín Katáyev</a>, escritor soviéticu</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dmitri_Maks%C3%BAtov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dmitri Maksútov (la páxina nun esiste)">Dmitri Maksútov</a>, ópticu y astrónomu.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodi%C3%B3n_Malinovski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodión Malinovski (la páxina nun esiste)">Rodión Malinovski</a>, mariscal soviéticu.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Igor_Melchuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Igor Melchuk (la páxina nun esiste)">Ígor Melchuk</a>, llingüista</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathan_Milstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nathan Milstein (la páxina nun esiste)">Nathan Milstein</a>, violinista.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_%C3%93istraj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Óistraj (la páxina nun esiste)">David Óistraj</a>, vilonista</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Uti%C3%B3sov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Utiósov (la páxina nun esiste)">Leonid Utiósov</a>, cantante rusu</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andriy_Voronin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andriy Voronin (la páxina nun esiste)">Andriy Voronin</a>, futbolista ucraín.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9i_Vyshinski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andréi Vyshinski (la páxina nun esiste)">Andréi Vyshinski</a>, fiscal</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sergu%C3%A9i_Witte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serguéi Witte (la páxina nun esiste)">Serguéi Witte</a>, políticu rusu</li></ul> </td> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonia_Delaunay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonia Delaunay (la páxina nun esiste)">Sonia Delaunay</a>, artista.</li></ul> </td> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lola_Melnick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lola Melnick (la páxina nun esiste)">Lola Melnick</a>, modelu y baillarina.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Residentes_célebres_n'Odesa"><span id="Residentes_c.C3.A9lebres_n.27Odesa"></span>Residentes célebres n'Odesa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Editar seición: Residentes célebres n'Odesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=20" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Residentes célebres n'Odesa"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Pushkin" title="Aleksandr Pushkin">Aleksandr Pushkin</a>, poeta rusu.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armand_Emmanuel_du_Plessis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armand Emmanuel du Plessis (la páxina nun esiste)">Armand Emmanuel du Plessis</a>, Primer ministru de Francia.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav_Richter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sviatoslav Richter (la páxina nun esiste)">Sviatoslav Richter</a>, pianista.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_Trotsky" title="León Trotsky">León Trotsky</a>, Revolucionariu Permanente.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olesya_Stefanko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olesya Stefanko (la páxina nun esiste)">Olesya Stefanko</a>, Reina de Guapura.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencies">Referencies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Editar seición: Referencies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=21" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Referencies"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3503771">@media only screen and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .llistaref{column-count:1!important}}</style><div class="llistaref" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mynews-in.net/printnews/589848.html">Под Одессой откопали античный город - Desenterráu una antigua ciudá cerca d'Odesa</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928041806/http://mynews-in.net/printnews/589848.html">Archiváu</a> 2007-09-28 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (en rusu)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140303154521/http://info-center.od.ua/9882-v-odesse-nakalilis-strasti-protivniki-kievskoy-vlasti-osadili-oga-k-nim-vyshel-skorik-fotoreportazh.html">В Одессе накалились страсти: противники киевской власти осадили ОГА. К ним вышел Скорик (фоторепортаж)</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(rusu)</span></span>.  Info-Center.od.ua (3 de marzu de 2014). Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info-center.od.ua/9882-v-odesse-nakalilis-strasti-protivniki-kievskoy-vlasti-osadili-oga-k-nim-vyshel-skorik-fotoreportazh.html">orixinal</a>, el 3 de marzu de 2014. Consultáu'l 10 d'abril de 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.itar-tass.com/world/730178">Thousands of people in Odessa rally against Kiev's actions</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(inglés)</span></span>.  ITAR-TASS (1° mayu de 2014).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://actualidad.rt.com/actualidad/view/127017-odesa-quema-casa-sindicatos-disturbios">Ucrania: 48 persones muerren n'Odesa nun edificiu amburáu pol Sector Derechu</a>».  RT (2 de mayu de 2014).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://actualidad.rt.com/actualidad/view/127346-imagenes-muertos-quema-odesa-ucrania">Atanantes imáxenes amuesen que non solo'l fueu mató a la xente n'Odesa</a>».  RT (6 de mayu de 2014).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/33837.htm">Ciudá y clima</a> (en rusu)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pogoda-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pogoda_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pogoda.ru.net/climate/33837.htm">КЛИМАТ ОДЕССЫ</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(rusu)</span></span>.  Погода и климат (Clima y Tiempu). Consultáu'l 15 d'abril de 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clima1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-clima1_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climatebase.ru/station/33837/?lang=en">Odessa, Ukraine</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(inglés)</span></span>.  Climatebase. Consultáu'l 15 d'abril de 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azworldairports.com/airports/a2655ods.cfm">Odessa Airport</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.port.odessa.ua/index.php?lng=en">Міністерство інфраструктури України - Ministeriu d'Infraestructura d'Ucraína</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200811161737/http://www.port.odessa.ua/index.php?lng=en">Archiváu</a> 2020-08-11 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (n'ucraín)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.searates.com/reference/ports/">Puertos d'Ucraína</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fitchratings.com/corporate/ratings/issuer">content.cfm?issr id=83565467 FitchRatings</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_26.php?reg=2119/">Данные Всесоюзной переписи населения 1926 года по регионам республик СССР</a>».  Демоскоп Weekly. Consultáu'l 1 de mayu de 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091109081332/http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/rus/results/xeneral/nationality/odesa/">Данные Всеукраинской переписи населения 2001а в Одесской области</a>». Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/rus/results/xeneral/nationality/odesa/">orixinal</a>, el 9 de payares de 2009. Consultáu'l 1 de mayu de 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080604183052/http://www.odessa.ua/cooperation/5245">La diáspora d'Odesa</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lang-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-lang_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Головне управління статистики. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/MULT/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=19A050501_02_051&ti=19A050501_02_051.%20%D0%EE%E7%EF%EE%E4%B3%EB%20%ED%E0%F1%E5%EB%E5%ED%ED%FF%20%E7%Y0%20%F0%B3%E4%ED%EE%FE%20%EC%EE%E2%EE%FE,%20%CE%E4%Y5%F1%FC%HALA%E0%20%EE%E1%EB%E0%F1%F2%FC%20(1,2,3,4)&path=../Database/Census/05/01/&lang=1&multilang=uk">Розподіл населення за рідною мовою, Одеська область</a>». Consultáu'l 1 de mayu de 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Киевский центр политических исследований и конфликтологии; Центр эффективной политики (ed.): «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150403101945/http://www.analitik.org.ua/researches/archives/3dee44d0/41ecef0cad01y/">Портрет электоратов Ющенко и Януковича. Тема: Политические предпочтения</a>».  Аналитик (18 de xineru de 2005). Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.analitik.org.ua/researches/archives/3dee44d0/41ecef0cad01y/">orixinal</a>, el 3 d'abril de 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-censo-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-censo_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="ast" dir="ltr">Error de cita: La etiqueta <code><ref></code> nun ye válida; nun se conseñó testu pa les referencies nomaes <code>censo</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808143347/http://www.opera-ballet.tm.odessa.ua/english/architecturen.html">Teatru de la Ópera-ballet d'Odesa</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081224213802/http://operetta.odessa.net/">Operetta d'Odesa</a>». Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://operetta.odessa.net/">orixinal</a>, el 2008-12-24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080119080224/http://www.odessa.ua/cooperation/">Web de cooperación d'Odesa</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130515140614/http://www.odessa.ua/cooperation/embassies/">Consulaos n'Ucraína</a> (n'<a href="/wiki/Idioma_ucra%C3%ADn" title="Idioma ucraín">ucraín</a>)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaces_esternos">Enllaces esternos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Editar seición: Enllaces esternos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odesa&action=edit&section=22" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Enllaces esternos"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks commons navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=ast">Wikimedia Commons</a> acueye conteníu multimedia sobre <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Odesa" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Odesa">Odesa</a></b></i>.</span></li></ul> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg/20px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Odesa_%28UHT%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="658" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omr.gov.ua/">Sitiu web oficial</a> </li></ul> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/?relation=1413934">Odesa</a> n'<a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/OpenWeatherMap" title="OpenWeatherMap"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/OpenWeatherMap_logo.png/20px-OpenWeatherMap_logo.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/OpenWeatherMap_logo.png/40px-OpenWeatherMap_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="448" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openweathermap.org/city/698740">Odesa</a> n'<a href="/wiki/OpenWeatherMap" title="OpenWeatherMap">OpenWeatherMap</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2260362">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{display:flex;padding:0.5em;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;background-color:#eaecf0;color:#222222}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="mw-authority-control navigation-not-searchable"><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4075543">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_d&#039;autoridaes2651" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_d&#039;autoridaes2651" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ayuda:Control_d%27autoridaes" title="Ayuda:Control d'autoridaes">Control d'autoridaes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Proyeutos Wikimedia</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datos:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1874" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q1874">Q1874</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Odesa">Odesa</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identificadores</b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/143720725">WorldCat</a></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/143720725">143720725</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4043115-0">4043115-0</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79139057">n79139057</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00650713">00650713</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge230091">ge230091</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045642">10045642</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/18822775X">18822775X</a></span></li> <li><b>Diccionarios y enciclopedies</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Brit%C3%A1nica" class="mw-redirect" title="Enciclopedia Británica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Odessa-Ukraine">url</a></span></li> <li><b>Llugares</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OSM</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1413934">1413934</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Getty_Thesaurus_of_Geographic_Names" title="Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names">TGN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7011656">7011656</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datos:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1874" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q1874">Q1874</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Odesa">Odesa</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Sacáu de «<a dir="ltr" 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class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>140 llingües</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Amestar seición</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-7447656d75-cj5d7","wgBackendResponseTime":215,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.237","walltime":"1.815","ppvisitednodes":{"value":16219,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":190209,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":25270,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":22,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":20,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":21948,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":19,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1492.446 1 -total"," 59.00% 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