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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Uppskattning_av_haplogrupp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uppskattning_av_haplogrupp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Uppskattning av haplogrupp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uppskattning_av_haplogrupp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mikrosatellit</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 30 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="التكرارات المترادفة القصيرة – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="التكرارات المترادفة القصيرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatelit" title="Mikrosatelit – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mikrosatelit" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsat%C3%A8l%C2%B7lit" title="Microsatèl·lit – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Microsatèl·lit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatelit" title="Mikrosatelit – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mikrosatelit" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatellit" title="Mikrosatellit – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mikrosatellit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatelliit" title="Mikrosatelliit – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mikrosatelliit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%85%CF%86%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_(%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Μικροδορυφόρος (βιολογία) – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μικροδορυφόρος (βιολογία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsatellite" title="Microsatellite – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Microsatellite" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsat%C3%A9lite" title="Microsatélite – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Microsatélite" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="میکروستلایت – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میکروستلایت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsatellite_(biologie)" title="Microsatellite (biologie) – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Microsatellite (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsat%C3%A9lite_(ADN)" title="Microsatélite (ADN) – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Microsatélite (ADN)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F" title="माइक्रोसेटेलाइट – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="माइक्रोसेटेलाइट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatelit" title="Mikrosatelit – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikrosatelit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsatelliti" title="Microsatelliti – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Microsatelliti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98" title="מיקרוסטלייט – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיקרוסטלייט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Микросателит – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Микросателит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsatelliet" title="Microsatelliet – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Microsatelliet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B5%E3%83%86%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88" title="マイクロサテライト – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マイクロサテライト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatellitt" title="Mikrosatellitt – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mikrosatellitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekwencje_mikrosatelitarne" title="Sekwencje mikrosatelitarne – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sekwencje mikrosatelitarne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microssat%C3%A9lite" title="Microssatélite – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Microssatélite" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsatelit" title="Microsatelit – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Microsatelit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Микросателлиты – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Микросателлиты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatelit" title="Mikrosatelit – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mikrosatelit" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatelliitti_(biologia)" title="Mikrosatelliitti (biologia) – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mikrosatelliitti (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrosatelit" title="Mikrosatelit – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mikrosatelit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Мікросателіти – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мікросателіти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86%DB%81" title="خرد سیارچہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خرد سیارچہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="微衛星 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="微衛星" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q265193#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mikrosatellit" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussion:Mikrosatellit&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [inte skriven än] [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMikrosatellit"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Mikrosatellit"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mikrosatellit&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrosatellit&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Microsatellites" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q265193" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas"> <dl><dd><i>För små satelliter i rymden, se <a href="/wiki/Miniatyrsatellit" title="Miniatyrsatellit">Miniatyrsatellit</a>.  </i></dd></dl></div> <p><b>Mikrosatelliter</b> är <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>-segment som består av sekvenser av 1-6 <a href="/wiki/Baspar" title="Baspar">baspar</a> som repeteras i en lång följd. <a href="/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutationshastigheten</a> i segmenten är hög. En typisk mutation resulterar i att en repetition tas bort eller läggs till, och längden på sekvensen varierar därför kraftigt mellan individer. Vid ett mikrosatellitlocus finns det många fler <a href="/wiki/Alleler" class="mw-redirect" title="Alleler">alleler</a> än vid t.ex. ett <a href="/wiki/Single_Nucleotide_Polymorphism" class="mw-redirect" title="Single Nucleotide Polymorphism">SNP</a>-locus. Mikrosatelliter benämns ofta <b>STR</b> (eng. <i>short tandem repeats</i>, korta tandemrepetitioner) av <a href="/wiki/Genetiskt_fingeravtryck" title="Genetiskt fingeravtryck">rättsmedicinska genetiker</a> och inom <a href="/wiki/Genetisk_sl%C3%A4ktforskning" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetisk släktforskning">genetisk genealogi</a>, eller som <b>SSR</b> (eng. <i>simple sequence repeats</i>, enkla sekvensrepetitioner) av växtgenetiker. </p><p><a href="/wiki/DNA-analys" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA-analys">DNA-analys</a> av vanligt förekommande mikrosatelliter (STR-avsnitt) på <a href="/wiki/Y-kromosom" title="Y-kromosom">Y-kromosomen</a> är en billig och säker metod för exempelvis <a href="/wiki/Faderskapsunders%C3%B6kning" title="Faderskapsundersökning">faderskapsundersökningar</a>. Mikrosatelliter används även till att t.ex. studera <a href="/wiki/Genetisk_variation" title="Genetisk variation">genetisk variation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uppskattning_av_haplogrupp">Uppskattning av haplogrupp</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrosatellit&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Uppskattning av haplogrupp" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrosatellit&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Uppskattning av haplogrupp"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Utifrån STR-baserad DNA-analys av Y-kromosomen kan mäns YDNA-<a href="/wiki/Haplogrupp" title="Haplogrupp">haplogrupp</a> uppskattas, exempelvis för <a href="/wiki/Genetisk_sl%C3%A4ktforskning" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetisk släktforskning">släktforskningsändamål</a> eller för att spåra historiska migrationer som har inträffat längs testpersonens faderslinje ända tillbaka till <a href="/wiki/Y-kromosoms-Adam" title="Y-kromosoms-Adam">Y-kromosoms-Adam</a>. Det finns STR-tester av olika storlek (olika antal testade STR-segment) och kostnad. Ju större test, desto längre ut på YDNA-släktträdets grenar (det vill säga närmare nutid) kan testpersonen placeras, och desto färre andra testpersoner får personen identiskt testresultat med. Mikrosatelliter har dock begränsad exakthet. Inte ens de mest omfattande STR-baserade testerna kan komma lika långt ut på grenarna som ett <a href="/wiki/Enbaspolymorfi" title="Enbaspolymorfi">SNP</a>-baserat test. För att bestämma exakt haplotyp krävs ett komplett och mer kostsamt SNP-test.<sup id="cite_ref-Bojs-Sjolund_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bojs-Sjolund-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Haplogrupper är definierade utifrån SNP:er, inte STR:er. </p><p>STR-segment som brukar testas har beteckningar som till exempel DYS393.<sup id="cite_ref-Bojs-Sjolund_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bojs-Sjolund-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrosatellit&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrosatellit&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Bojs-Sjolund-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-Bojs-Sjolund_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bojs-Sjolund_1-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFKarin_BojsPeter_Sjölund"><a href="/wiki/Karin_Bojs" title="Karin Bojs">Karin Bojs</a>; Peter Sjölund. <i><span><a href="/wiki/Svenskarna_och_deras_f%C3%A4der_-_de_senaste_11_000_%C3%A5ren" class="mw-redirect" title="Svenskarna och deras fäder - de senaste 11 000 åren">Svenskarna och deras fäder - de senaste 11 000 åren</a></span></i> (Andra tryckningen). sid. 214. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/9789100167547" title="Special:Bokkällor/9789100167547">ISBN 9789100167547</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/973876808">973876808</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5BSvenskarna+och+deras+f%C3%A4der+-+de+senaste+11+000+%C3%A5ren%5D%5D&rft.aulast=%5B%5BKarin+Bojs%5D%5D&rft.au=%5B%5BKarin+Bojs%5D%5D&rft.au=Peter+Sj%C3%B6lund&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B214&rft.edition=Andra+tryckningen&rft_id=info:oclcnum/973876808&rft.isbn=9789100167547&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Mikrosatellit"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:DNA-sl%C3%A4ktforskning" title="Mall:DNA-släktforskning"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:DNA-sl%C3%A4ktforskning&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/DNA-sl%C3%A4ktforskning" title="DNA-släktforskning">DNA-släktforskning</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Företag</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=23andMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="23andMe [inte skriven än]">23andMe</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ancestry" title="Ancestry">Ancestry</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=FamilyTreeDNA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FamilyTreeDNA [inte skriven än]">FamilyTreeDNA</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/MyHeritage" class="mw-redirect" title="MyHeritage">MyHeritage</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Associerade personer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sj%C3%B6lund_(genealog)" title="Peter Sjölund (genealog)">Peter Sjölund</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Karin_Bojs" title="Karin Bojs">Karin Bojs</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Begrepp</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Autosom" title="Autosom">Autosom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Centimorgan" title="Centimorgan">Centimorgan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Haplogrupp" title="Haplogrupp">Haplogrupp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Haplotyp" title="Haplotyp">Haplotyp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mitokondriellt_DNA" title="Mitokondriellt DNA">Mitokondriellt DNA</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mitokondrisk_Eva" title="Mitokondrisk Eva">Mitokondrisk Eva</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A4ktforskning" class="mw-redirect" title="Släktforskning">Släktforskning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A4ktforskningsprogram" title="Släktforskningsprogram">Släktforskningsprogram</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Enbaspolymorfi" title="Enbaspolymorfi">SNP</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">STR</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Y-kromosoms-Adam" title="Y-kromosoms-Adam">Y-kromosoms-Adam</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/DNA-sl%C3%A4ktforskning#Bekräftade_medeltida_släkter" title="DNA-släktforskning">Genetiska studier av kända släkter och historiska personer</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/DNA-sl%C3%A4ktforskning#Bekräftade_medeltida_släkter" title="DNA-släktforskning">Birger jarl</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bure%C3%A4tten#Gentester" title="Bureätten">Bureätten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mechtild_av_Holstein" title="Mechtild av Holstein">Mechtild av Holstein</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Skancke" title="Skancke">Skancke</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Stugusl%C3%A4kten" title="Stugusläkten">Stugusläkten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Genealogia_Sursilliana" title="Genealogia Sursilliana">Sursillarna</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Genetiska studier av folkgruppers ursprung</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hunner" title="Hunner">Hunner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Resandefolket" title="Resandefolket">Resandefolket</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Samernas_ursprung" title="Samernas ursprung">Samernas ursprung</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Svenskarnas_ursprung" class="mw-redirect" title="Svenskarnas ursprung">Svenskarnas ursprung</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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