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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plot_directions_and_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plot_directions_and_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Plot directions and examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plot_directions_and_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Characters</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characters-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characters subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Basil_Fawlty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basil_Fawlty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Basil Fawlty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basil_Fawlty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sybil_Fawlty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sybil_Fawlty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Sybil Fawlty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sybil_Fawlty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polly_Sherman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polly_Sherman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Polly Sherman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polly_Sherman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manuel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manuel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Manuel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manuel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_regular_characters_and_themes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_regular_characters_and_themes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Other regular characters and themes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_regular_characters_and_themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Episodes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Episodes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Episodes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Episodes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Episodes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Episodes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Series_overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Series_overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Series overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Series_overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Series_1_(1975)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Series_1_(1975)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Series 1 (1975)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Series_1_(1975)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Series_2_(1979)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Series_2_(1979)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Series 2 (1979)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Series_2_(1979)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reception subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critical_reaction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_reaction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Critical reaction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_reaction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Contemporary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Contemporary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retrospective" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retrospective"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Retrospective</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retrospective-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Awards and accolades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remakes,_adaptations_and_reunions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remakes,_adaptations_and_reunions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Remakes, adaptations and reunions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remakes,_adaptations_and_reunions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overseas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overseas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Overseas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overseas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Home_media_and_merchandise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_media_and_merchandise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Home media and merchandise</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Home_media_and_merchandise-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Home media and merchandise subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Home_media_and_merchandise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Audio_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audio_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Audio releases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Home_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Home media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Computer_game" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Computer_game"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Computer game</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Computer_game-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="ফল্টি টাওয়ার্স – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফল্টি টাওয়ার্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81" title="Фолти Тауърс – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фолти Тауърс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotel_Fawlty" title="Hotel Fawlty – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hotel Fawlty" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot%C3%BDlek" title="Hotýlek – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hotýlek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall%C3%B8j_p%C3%A5_badehotellet" title="Halløj på badehotellet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Halløj på badehotellet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%8C,_%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%8C_%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF" title="Ένα τρελό, τρελό ξενοδοχείο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ένα τρελό, τρελό ξενοδοχείο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2" title="فالتی تاورز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فالتی تاورز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27H%C3%B4tel_en_folie" title="L'Hôtel en folie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="L'Hôtel en folie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%99" title="המלון של פולטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המלון של פולטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waczak_sz%C3%A1ll%C3%B3" title="Waczak szálló – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Waczak szálló" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA" title="フォルティ・タワーズ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フォルティ・タワーズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotell_i_s%C3%A6rklasse" title="Hotell i særklasse – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hotell i særklasse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotel_Zacisze" title="Hotel Zacisze – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hotel Zacisze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Башни Фолти – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Башни Фолти" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Fawlty Towers" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawlty_Towers" title="Fawlty Towers – Simple 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British TV sitcom (1975–1979)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1230561210">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0 3px;padding:3px 5px}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-above{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;font-size:125%;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-header{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv img{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-aka{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release td,.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox ib-tv vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Fawlty_Towers_title_card.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d6/Fawlty_Towers_title_card.jpg/220px-Fawlty_Towers_title_card.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d6/Fawlty_Towers_title_card.jpg/330px-Fawlty_Towers_title_card.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d6/Fawlty_Towers_title_card.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="258" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The "Fawlty Towers" sign in the foreground image varied (usually as an <a href="/wiki/Anagram" title="Anagram">anagram</a>) between episodes</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farce" title="Farce">Farce</a><sup id="cite_ref-Beeb2FT_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beeb2FT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Cleese" title="John Cleese">John Cleese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Booth" title="Connie Booth">Connie Booth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>John Cleese</li> <li>Connie Booth</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Davies" title="John Howard Davies">John Howard Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Spiers" title="Bob Spiers">Bob Spiers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>John Cleese</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prunella_Scales" title="Prunella Scales">Prunella Scales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sachs" title="Andrew Sachs">Andrew Sachs</a></li> <li>Connie Booth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballard_Berkeley" title="Ballard Berkeley">Ballard Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Hall_(actor)" title="Brian Hall (actor)">Brian Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renee_Roberts" title="Renee Roberts">Renee Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilly_Flower" title="Gilly Flower">Gilly Flower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Theme music composer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Wilson_(composer)" title="Dennis Wilson (composer)">Dennis Wilson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opening theme</th><td class="infobox-data">"Fawlty Towers"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ending theme</th><td class="infobox-data">"Fawlty Towers"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of series</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of episodes</th><td class="infobox-data">12 <span class="nowrap">(<a href="#Episodes">list of episodes</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Production</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Producers</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>John Howard Davies</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Argent" title="Douglas Argent">Douglas Argent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editors</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Susan Imrie</li> <li>Bob Rymer</li> <li>Bill Harris</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Running time</th><td class="infobox-data">30–35 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production company</th><td class="infobox-data">BBC</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Original release</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">19 September 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-09-19</span>)</span> –<br />25 October 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1979-10-25</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Fawlty Towers</b></i> is a British television <a href="/wiki/British_sitcom" title="British sitcom">sitcom</a> written by <a href="/wiki/John_Cleese" title="John Cleese">John Cleese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Connie_Booth" title="Connie Booth">Connie Booth</a>, originally broadcast on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a> in 1975 and 1979. Two series of six episodes each were made. The series is set in Fawlty Towers, a dysfunctional fictional <a href="/wiki/Hotel" title="Hotel">hotel</a> in the English seaside town of <a href="/wiki/Torquay" title="Torquay">Torquay</a> in <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a>. The plots centre on the tense, rude and put-upon owner <a href="/wiki/Basil_Fawlty" title="Basil Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</a> (Cleese), his bossy wife <a href="/wiki/Sybil_Fawlty" title="Sybil Fawlty">Sybil</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prunella_Scales" title="Prunella Scales">Prunella Scales</a>), the sensible chambermaid <a href="/wiki/Polly_Sherman_(Fawlty_Towers)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polly Sherman (Fawlty Towers)">Polly</a> (Booth), and the hapless and English-challenged Spanish waiter <a href="/wiki/Manuel_(Fawlty_Towers)" title="Manuel (Fawlty Towers)">Manuel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sachs" title="Andrew Sachs">Andrew Sachs</a>). They show their attempts to run the hotel amidst farcical situations and an array of demanding and <a href="/wiki/Eccentricity_(behavior)" title="Eccentricity (behavior)">eccentric</a> guests and tradespeople. </p><p>The idea of <i>Fawlty Towers</i> came from Cleese after he stayed at the <a href="/wiki/Gleneagles_Hotel,_Torquay" title="Gleneagles Hotel, Torquay">Gleneagles Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Torquay" title="Torquay">Torquay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a>, in 1970 (along with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a> troupe), where he encountered the eccentric hotel owner <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sinclair_(hotel_owner)" title="Donald Sinclair (hotel owner)">Donald Sinclair</a>. Stuffy and snobbish, Sinclair treated guests as though they were a hindrance to his running of the hotel (a waitress who worked for him stated "it was as if he didn't want the guests to be there"). Sinclair was the inspiration for Cleese's character Basil Fawlty. </p><p>While some critics derided <i>Fawlty Towers</i> upon release, the series soon received acclaim. In 1976 and 1980, it won the <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" title="British Academy Television Award for Best Scripted Comedy">British Academy Television Award for Best Scripted Comedy</a>. In 1980, Cleese received the <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Entertainment_Performance" title="British Academy Television Award for Best Entertainment Performance">British Academy Television Award for Best Entertainment Performance</a>. The popularity of <i>Fawlty Towers</i> has endured, and it is often re-broadcast.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The show was ranked first on a list of the <a href="/wiki/100_Greatest_British_Television_Programmes" class="mw-redirect" title="100 Greatest British Television Programmes">100 Greatest British Television Programmes</a> drawn up by the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> in 2000, and in a 2001 poll conducted by <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>, Basil Fawlty was ranked second on their list of the <a href="/wiki/100_Greatest_(TV_series)" title="100 Greatest (TV series)">100 Greatest TV Characters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, it was named the greatest ever British TV sitcom by a panel of comedy experts compiled by the <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_Times" title="Radio Times">Radio Times</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The BBC profile for the series states that "the British sitcom by which all other British sitcoms must be judged, <i>Fawlty Towers</i> withstands multiple viewings, is eminently quotable ('don't mention the war') and stands up to this day as a jewel in the BBC's comedy crown."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A sequel series starring Cleese and his daughter Camilla, announced in February 2023, is in development. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gleneagles_Hotel,_Torquay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1444339.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gleneagles_Hotel%2C_Torquay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1444339.jpg/220px-Gleneagles_Hotel%2C_Torquay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1444339.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gleneagles_Hotel%2C_Torquay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1444339.jpg/330px-Gleneagles_Hotel%2C_Torquay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1444339.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gleneagles_Hotel%2C_Torquay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1444339.jpg/440px-Gleneagles_Hotel%2C_Torquay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1444339.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gleneagles_Hotel,_Torquay" title="Gleneagles Hotel, Torquay">Gleneagles Hotel</a>, Torquay, in 2009. Cleese stayed at the hotel with the Monty Python team in 1970, and was inspired to write the series by the eccentric behaviour of the hotel's owner <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sinclair_(hotel_owner)" title="Donald Sinclair (hotel owner)">Donald Sinclair</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In May 1970, the <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a> comedy group stayed at the now-demolished <a href="/wiki/Gleneagles_Hotel,_Torquay" title="Gleneagles Hotel, Torquay">Gleneagles Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Torquay" title="Torquay">Torquay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a> while filming on location in <a href="/wiki/Paignton" title="Paignton">Paignton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Cleese" title="John Cleese">John Cleese</a> was fascinated with the behaviour of the owner, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sinclair_(hotel_owner)" title="Donald Sinclair (hotel owner)">Donald Sinclair</a>, later describing him as "the rudest man I've ever come across in my life".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among such behaviour by Sinclair was his criticism of <a href="/wiki/Terry_Gilliam" title="Terry Gilliam">Terry Gilliam</a>'s "too American" table <a href="/wiki/Etiquette" title="Etiquette">etiquette</a> and tossing <a href="/wiki/Eric_Idle" title="Eric Idle">Eric Idle</a>'s briefcase out of a window "in case it contained a bomb".<sup id="cite_ref-devon_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-devon-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asked why anyone would want to bomb the hotel, Sinclair replied, "We've had a lot of staff problems".<sup id="cite_ref-Real_life_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Real_life-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Palin" title="Michael Palin">Michael Palin</a> states Sinclair "seemed to view us as a colossal inconvenience".<sup id="cite_ref-Real_life_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Real_life-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rosemary Harrison, a waitress at the Gleneagles under Sinclair, described him as "bonkers" and lacking in hospitality, deeming him wholly unsuitable for a hotel proprietor. "It was as if he didn't want the guests to be there."<sup id="cite_ref-bonkers_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bonkers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cleese and his then-wife <a href="/wiki/Connie_Booth" title="Connie Booth">Connie Booth</a> stayed on at the hotel after filming, furthering their research of its owner.<sup id="cite_ref-bonkers_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bonkers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Demolished in 2015, the building was replaced by a new retirement home named Sachs Lodge in memory of <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sachs" title="Andrew Sachs">Andrew Sachs</a> who played Manuel in the sitcom and who died in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cleese was a writer on the 1970s British TV sitcom <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_in_the_House_(TV_series)" title="Doctor in the House (TV series)">Doctor in the House</a></i> for <a href="/wiki/London_Weekend_Television" title="London Weekend Television">London Weekend Television</a>. An early prototype of the character that became known as Basil Fawlty was developed in an episode ("No Ill Feeling") of the third <i>Doctor</i> series (titled <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_at_Large_(TV_series)" title="Doctor at Large (TV series)">Doctor at Large</a></i>). In this edition, the main character checks into a small-town hotel, his very presence seemingly winding up the aggressive and incompetent manager (played by <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Bateson" title="Timothy Bateson">Timothy Bateson</a>) with a domineering wife. The show was broadcast on 30 May 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cleese said in 2008 that the first <i>Fawlty Towers</i> script he and Booth wrote was rejected by the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. At a 30th anniversary event honouring the show, Cleese said, </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Connie and I wrote that first episode and we sent it in to <a href="/wiki/James_Gilbert_(producer)" title="James Gilbert (producer)">Jimmy Gilbert</a>, [the executive], whose job it was to assess the quality of the writing, said, (and I can quote [his note to me] fairly accurately,) "This is full of clichéd situations and stereotypical characters and I cannot see it as being anything other than a disaster." And Jimmy himself said, "You're going to have to get them out of the hotel, John. You can't do the whole thing in the hotel." Whereas, of course, it's in the hotel that the whole pressure cooker builds up.<sup id="cite_ref-londontimes5_June_2009_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-londontimes5_June_2009-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Cleese was paid <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>6,000 for 43 weeks of work and supplemented his income by appearing in television advertisements.<sup id="cite_ref-londontimes5_June_2009_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-londontimes5_June_2009-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newsvine5_June_2009_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsvine5_June_2009-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He states, "I have to thank the advertising industry for making this possible. Connie and I used to spend six weeks writing each episode and we didn't make a lot of money out of it. If it hadn't been for the commercials I wouldn't have been able to afford to spend so much time on the script."<sup id="cite_ref-londontimes5_June_2009_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-londontimes5_June_2009-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the series is set in Torquay, no part of it was shot in <a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West England</a>. For the exterior filming, the Wooburn Grange Country Club in <a href="/wiki/Wooburn_Green" title="Wooburn Green">Wooburn Green</a>, Buckinghamshire was used instead of a hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McCann_2007_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCann_2007-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In several episodes of the series (notably "<a href="/wiki/The_Kipper_and_the_Corpse" class="mw-redirect" title="The Kipper and the Corpse">The Kipper and the Corpse</a>", "<a href="/wiki/The_Anniversary_(Fawlty_Towers)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Anniversary (Fawlty Towers)">The Anniversary</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Basil_the_Rat" class="mw-redirect" title="Basil the Rat">Basil the Rat</a>"), the entrance gate at the bottom of the drive states the real name of the location. This <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed building</a> later served for a short time as a <a href="/wiki/Nightclub" title="Nightclub">nightclub</a> named "Basil's" after the series ended, before being destroyed by a fire in March 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remnants of the building were demolished and a <a href="/wiki/Housing_estate" title="Housing estate">housing estate</a> was built on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Few traces of the original site exist today. </p><p>Other location filming was done mostly around <a href="/wiki/Harrow,_London" title="Harrow, London">Harrow</a>: firstly the 'damn good thrashing' scene in "<a href="/wiki/Gourmet_Night" class="mw-redirect" title="Gourmet Night">Gourmet Night</a>" in which Basil loses his temper and attacks his broken-down car with a tree branch. It was filmed at the T-junction of Lapstone Gardens and Mentmore Close (<span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fawlty_Towers&params=51.5811_N_0.3091_W_scale:2500"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°34′52″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°18′33″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.5811°N 0.3091°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.5811; -0.3091</span></span></span></a></span></span>). Secondly the episode "<a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a>", the opening shot is of <a href="/wiki/Northwick_Park_Hospital" title="Northwick Park Hospital">Northwick Park Hospital</a>. Thirdly "Gourmet Night"'s exterior of André's restaurant was at Preston Road (<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fawlty_Towers&params=51.5734_N_0.2944_W_scale:2500"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°34′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°17′40″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.5734°N 0.2944°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.5734; -0.2944</span></span></span></a></span></span>). It is now a Chinese and Indian restaurant called Wings, next to a <a href="/wiki/Launderette" class="mw-redirect" title="Launderette">launderette</a>. Both Cleese and Booth were keen on every script being perfect, and some episodes took four months and required as many as ten drafts until they were satisfied.<sup id="cite_ref-museumTV_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museumTV-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cleese said one of the reasons the series worked so well was the quality of the scripts and the care taken over the editing. He told a TV interviewer that while the average BBC half-hour comedy script had 65 pages, the ones for Fawlty Towers had between 135 and 140 pages. "We literally did twice as many camera cuts - average shows got 200, we used to have 400. So there was an enormous amount in there. The other thing is that they were very well constructed," he said. Once an episode was in the can, the editing process started. "We did anything between 20 and 25 hours editing each show. Almost every minute you see up on the screen, we spent one hour editing and it was only by doing that you could just tighten it up, just tighten it there and take out a line of dialogue, sometimes take out a repetition, they'll then lose two lines of dialogue there. That's what really got the pace on it."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The theme music was composed by <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Wilson_(composer)" title="Dennis Wilson (composer)">Dennis Wilson</a>. It was recorded by the highly respected <a href="/wiki/Aeolian_Quartet" title="Aeolian Quartet">Aeolian Quartet</a>, who were asked by director John Davis to perform the piece badly, although in the end they did not.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot_directions_and_examples">Plot directions and examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Plot directions and examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The series focuses on the exploits and misadventures of short-fused hotelier <a href="#Basil_Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</a> and his acerbic wife <a href="#Sybil_Fawlty">Sybil</a>, as well as their employees: waiter <a href="#Manuel">Manuel</a>, <a href="#Polly_Sherman">Polly Sherman</a>, and, in the second series, chef Terry. The episodes typically revolve around Basil's efforts to "raise the tone" of his hotel and his increasing frustration at numerous complications and mistakes, both his own and those of others, which prevent him from doing so. </p><p>Much of the humour comes from Basil's overly aggressive manner, engaging in angry but witty arguments with guests, staff and, in particular, Sybil, whom he addresses (in a faux-romantic way) with insults such as "that golfing <a href="/wiki/Bitis" title="Bitis">puff adder</a>", "my little <a href="/wiki/Piranha" title="Piranha">piranha</a> fish" and "my little nest of <a href="/wiki/Viperidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Viperidae">vipers</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Independent_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this, Basil frequently feels intimidated, Sybil being able to cow him at any time, usually with a short, sharp cry of "Basil!" At the end of some episodes, Basil succeeds in annoying (or at least bemusing) the guests and frequently gets his comeuppance. </p><p>The plots occasionally are intricate and always <a href="/wiki/Farce" title="Farce">farcical</a>, involving <a href="/wiki/Coincidence" title="Coincidence">coincidences</a>, misunderstandings, cross-purposes and meetings both missed and accidental. The <a href="/wiki/Innuendo" title="Innuendo">innuendo</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bedroom_farce" title="Bedroom farce">bedroom farce</a> is sometimes present (often to the disgust of the <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">socially conservative</a> Basil) but it is his eccentricity, not his lust, that drives the plots. The events test to the breaking point what little patience Basil has, sometimes causing him to have a near breakdown by the end of the episode. </p><p>The guests at the hotel typically are <a href="/wiki/Double_act" title="Double act">comic foils</a> to Basil's anger and outbursts. Guest characters in each episode provide different characteristics (working class, promiscuous, foreign) that he cannot stand. Requests both reasonable and impossible test his temper. Even the afflicted annoy him, for example in the episode "Communication Problems", revolving around the havoc caused by the frequent misunderstandings between the staff and the hard-of-hearing Mrs. Richards. Near the end, Basil pretends to faint just at the mention of her name. This episode is typical of the show's careful weaving of humorous situations through comedy cross-talk. The show also uses mild <a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">black humour</a> at times, notably when Basil is forced to hide a dead body ("2 dead, 25 to go.") and in his comments about Sybil ("Did you ever see that film, <i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Murder_Your_Wife" title="How to Murder Your Wife">How to Murder Your Wife</a></i>? ... Awfully good. I saw it six times.") and to Mrs Richards, ("May I suggest that you consider moving to a hotel closer to the sea? Or preferably in it.").<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Basil's physical outbursts are primarily directed at Manuel, an emotional but largely innocent <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spaniard</a> whose confused English vocabulary causes him to make elementary mistakes. At times, Basil beats Manuel with a frying pan and smacks his forehead with a spoon. The violence towards Manuel caused rare negative criticism of the show. Sybil and Polly, on the other hand, are more patient and understanding towards Manuel; everyone's usual excuse to guests for his behaviour is, "He's from <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>"; Manuel even once used the excuse for himself. </p><p>Basil longs for a touch of <a href="/wiki/Social_class" title="Social class">class</a>, sometimes playing recordings of classical music. In the first episode he is playing music by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a> when Sybil remarks, after pestering him asking to do different tasks: "You could have them both done by now if you hadn't spent the whole morning skulking in there listening to that racket." Basil replies, with exasperation, "Racket?? That's Brahms! <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._3_(Brahms)" title="Symphony No. 3 (Brahms)">Brahms' Third Racket</a>!" Basil often displays blatant <a href="/wiki/Snob" title="Snob">snobbishness</a> as he attempts to climb the social ladder, frequently expressing disdain for the "<a href="/wiki/Hoi_polloi" title="Hoi polloi">riff-raff</a>", "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cretin" class="extiw" title="wikt:cretin">cretins</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Yobbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yobbo">yobbos</a>" that he believes regularly populate his hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-Independent_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His desperation is readily apparent as he makes increasingly hopeless manoeuvres and painful faux pas in trying to <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/curry_favor" class="extiw" title="wikt:curry favor">curry favour</a> with those he perceives as having superior social status. Yet he finds himself forced to serve those individuals that are "beneath" him. As such, Basil's efforts tend to be counter-productive, with guests leaving the hotel in disgust and his marriage (and sanity) stretching to breaking point. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characters">Characters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basil_Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Basil Fawlty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Basil_Fawlty" title="Basil Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fawlty_Towers_cast.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f0/Fawlty_Towers_cast.jpg/250px-Fawlty_Towers_cast.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f0/Fawlty_Towers_cast.jpg/375px-Fawlty_Towers_cast.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f0/Fawlty_Towers_cast.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="264" /></a><figcaption>Cast of <i>Fawlty Towers</i>, left to right: <i>(front)</i> <a href="/wiki/Prunella_Scales" title="Prunella Scales">Prunella Scales</a> (Sybil Fawlty), <a href="/wiki/Connie_Booth" title="Connie Booth">Connie Booth</a> (Polly) and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sachs" title="Andrew Sachs">Andrew Sachs</a> (Manuel); <i>(back)</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Cleese" title="John Cleese">John Cleese</a> (Basil Fawlty)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Basil_Fawlty" title="Basil Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</a>, played by <a href="/wiki/John_Cleese" title="John Cleese">John Cleese</a>, is a <a href="/wiki/Cynicism_(contemporary)" title="Cynicism (contemporary)">cynical</a> and snobbish <a href="/wiki/Misanthropy" title="Misanthropy">misanthrope</a> who is desperate to belong to a <a href="/wiki/Upper_class" title="Upper class">higher social class</a>. He sees a successful hotel as a means of achieving this, yet his job forces him to be polite to people he despises. </p><p>He is intimidated by his wife <a href="/wiki/Sybil_Fawlty" title="Sybil Fawlty">Sybil Fawlty</a>. He yearns to stand up to her, but his plans frequently conflict with her demands. She is often <a href="/wiki/Verbal_abuse" title="Verbal abuse">verbally abusive</a> (describing him as "an ageing, <a href="/wiki/Brilliantine" title="Brilliantine">brilliantined</a> stick insect") but although he towers over her, he often finds himself on the receiving end of her temper, verbally and physically (as in "<a href="/wiki/The_Builders" class="mw-redirect" title="The Builders">The Builders</a>"), and it is only on one occasion when Sybil mistakenly believes he is stalking an attractive Australian guest that he finally snaps and stands up to her. </p><p>Basil usually turns to Manuel or Polly to help him with his schemes, while trying his best to keep Sybil from discovering them. However, Basil occasionally laments the time when there was passion in their relationship, now seemingly lost. Also, it appears he still does care for her and remains loyal to her, and actively resists the flirtations of a French guest in one episode. The penultimate episode, "<a href="/wiki/The_Anniversary_(Fawlty_Towers)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Anniversary (Fawlty Towers)">The Anniversary</a>", is about his efforts to put together a surprise anniversary party involving their closest friends.<sup id="cite_ref-Independent_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Things go wrong as Basil pretends the anniversary date does not remind him of anything though he pretends to have a stab at it by reeling off a list of random anniversaries, starting with the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Agincourt" title="Battle of Agincourt">Battle of Agincourt</a>, for which he receives a slap from Sybil, who becomes increasingly frustrated and angry. He continues guessing even after Sybil is out of earshot, and mentions other anniversaries (none of which happened on 17 April), including the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Battle of Trafalgar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur" title="Yom Kippur">Yom Kippur</a>, just to enhance the surprise. Sybil believes he really has forgotten, and leaves in a huff. In an interview in the DVD boxed set, Cleese claims this episode deliberately takes a slightly different tone from the others, fleshing out their otherwise inexplicable status as a couple. </p><p>In keeping with the lack of explanation about the marriage, not much is revealed of the characters' back-stories. It is known that Basil served in the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> and saw action in the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>, possibly as part of his <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Conscription in the United Kingdom">National Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Independent_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/John_Cleese" title="John Cleese">John Cleese</a> himself was only 13 when the Korean War ended, making the character of Basil at least five or six years older than he.) Basil exaggerates this period of his life, proclaiming to strangers, "I killed four men." To this Sybil jokes that "He was in the <a href="/wiki/Army_Catering_Corps" title="Army Catering Corps">Catering Corps</a>. He used to poison them." Basil is often seen wearing regimental and old-boy style ties, perhaps spuriously, one of which is in the colours of the <a href="/wiki/Army_Catering_Corps" title="Army Catering Corps">Army Catering Corps</a>. He also claims to have sustained a <a href="/wiki/Shrapnel_shell" title="Shrapnel shell">shrapnel</a> injury to his leg; it tends to flare up at suspiciously convenient times. The only person towards whom Basil consistently exhibits tolerance and good manners is the old and senile <a href="/wiki/Major_Gowen" class="mw-redirect" title="Major Gowen">Major Gowen</a>, a veteran of one of the <a href="/wiki/World_war" title="World war">world wars</a> (which one is never specified, though he once mentions to Mrs Peignoir that he was in France in 1918) who permanently resides at the hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-Independent_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When interacting with Manuel, Basil displays a rudimentary knowledge of Spanish (Basil states that he "learned classical Spanish, not the strange dialect he [Manuel] seems to have picked up"); this knowledge is also ridiculed, as in the first episode in which a guest, whom Basil has immediately dismissed as working-class, communicates fluently with Manuel in Spanish after Basil is unable to do so. </p><p>Cleese described Basil as thinking that "he could run a first-rate hotel if he didn't have all the guests getting in the way" and as being "an absolutely awful human being" but says that in comedy if an awful person makes people laugh they unaccountably feel affectionate towards him.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, he is not entirely unsympathetic. The "<a href="/wiki/The_Hotel_Inspectors" title="The Hotel Inspectors">Hotel Inspectors</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Gourmet_Night" class="mw-redirect" title="Gourmet Night">Gourmet Night</a>" episodes feature guests who are shown to be deeply annoying, with constant and unreasonable demands. In "Gourmet Night" the chef gets drunk and is unable to cook dinner, leaving Basil to scramble in an attempt to salvage the evening. Much of the time, Basil is an unfortunate victim of circumstance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sybil_Fawlty">Sybil Fawlty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sybil Fawlty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sybil_Fawlty" title="Sybil Fawlty">Sybil Fawlty</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sybil_Fawlty" title="Sybil Fawlty">Sybil Fawlty</a>, played by <a href="/wiki/Prunella_Scales" title="Prunella Scales">Prunella Scales</a>, is Basil's wife. Energetic and petite, she prefers a working wardrobe of tight skirt-suits in shiny fabrics and sports a tower of permed hair augmented with hairpieces and wigs necessitating the use of overnight <a href="/wiki/Curlers" class="mw-redirect" title="Curlers">curlers</a>. She often is a more effective manager of the hotel, making sure Basil gets certain jobs done or stays out of the way when she is handling difficult guests. Typically when Basil is on the verge of a meltdown due to a crisis (usually of his own making), it is Sybil who steps in to clear up the mess and bring some sense to the situation. Despite this, she rarely participates directly in the running of the hotel. During busy check-in sessions or meal times, while everyone else is busy working, Sybil is frequently talking on the phone to one of her friends with her phrase "Oohhh, I knoooooooow" or chatting to customers. She has a distinctive conversational tone and braying laugh, which Basil compares to "someone machine-gunning a seal". Being his wife, she is the only regular character who refers to Basil by his first name. When she barks his name at him, he flinchingly freezes in his tracks. </p><p>Basil refers to her by a number of epithets, occasionally to her face, including "that golfing puff-adder", "the dragon", "toxic midget", "the sabre-toothed tart", "my little kommandant", "my little piranha fish", "my little nest of vipers" and "you rancorous, coiffured old sow".<sup id="cite_ref-Independent_23-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite these nasty nicknames, Basil is terrified of her. The 1979 episode "<a href="/wiki/The_Psychiatrist_(Fawlty_Towers)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Psychiatrist (Fawlty Towers)">The Psychiatrist</a>" contains the only time he loses patience and snaps at her (Basil: "Shut up, I'm fed up." Sybil: "Oh, you've done it now."). </p><p>Prunella Scales speculated in an interview for <i>The Complete Fawlty Towers</i> DVD boxed set that Sybil married Basil because his origins were of a higher social class than hers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polly_Sherman">Polly Sherman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Polly Sherman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Polly_Sherman" title="Polly Sherman">Polly Sherman</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Polly_Sherman" title="Polly Sherman">Polly Sherman</a>, played by <a href="/wiki/Connie_Booth" title="Connie Booth">Connie Booth</a>, is a <a href="/wiki/Waitress" class="mw-redirect" title="Waitress">waitress</a> and general assistant at the hotel with artistic aspirations. She is the most competent of the staff and the voice of sanity during chaotic moments, but is frequently embroiled in ridiculous masquerades as she loyally attempts to aid Basil in trying to cover up a mistake or keep something from Sybil. </p><p>In "<a href="/wiki/The_Anniversary_(Fawlty_Towers)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Anniversary (Fawlty Towers)">The Anniversary</a>" she snaps and refuses to help Basil out when he wants her to impersonate Sybil in the semi-darkness of her bedroom in front of the Fawltys' friends, Basil having dug himself into a hole by claiming Sybil was ill instead of admitting she had stormed out earlier in annoyance with him. Polly finally agrees, but only on condition that Basil lends her money to purchase a car, which he has previously refused to do. </p><p>Polly generally is good-natured but sometimes shows her frustration, and has odd moments of malice. In "<a href="/wiki/The_Kipper_and_the_Corpse" class="mw-redirect" title="The Kipper and the Corpse">The Kipper and the Corpse</a>", the pampered <a href="/wiki/Shih-tzu" class="mw-redirect" title="Shih-tzu">Shih Tzu</a> dog of an elderly guest bites Polly and Manuel. As revenge, Polly laces the dog's sausages with black pepper and <a href="/wiki/Tabasco_sauce" title="Tabasco sauce">Tabasco sauce</a> ("bangers à la bang"), making it ill and eventually killing it. </p><p>Despite her part-time employment (during meal times), Polly frequently is saddled with many other duties, including as manager in "<a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a>" when Sybil and Basil are incapacitated. In the first series, Polly is said to be an art student who, according to Basil, has spent three years at college. In "<a href="/wiki/Gourmet_Night" class="mw-redirect" title="Gourmet Night">Gourmet Night</a>", she is seen drawing a sketch (presumably of Manuel), which everyone but Basil immediately recognises and she sells it to the chef for 50p. Polly is not referred to as a student in the second series, although in both series she is shown to have a flair for languages, displaying ability in both Spanish and German. In "The Germans", Basil alludes to Polly's polyglot inclination by saying that she does her work "while learning two Oriental languages". Like Manuel, she has a room of her own at the hotel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manuel">Manuel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Manuel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Manuel_(Fawlty_Towers)" title="Manuel (Fawlty Towers)">Manuel (Fawlty Towers)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Manuel_(Fawlty_Towers)" title="Manuel (Fawlty Towers)">Manuel</a>, a waiter played by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sachs" title="Andrew Sachs">Andrew Sachs</a>, is a well-meaning but disorganised and confused <a href="/wiki/Spanish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish people">Spaniard</a> from <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> with a poor grasp of the English language and customs. He is verbally and physically abused by his boss. When told what to do, he often responds, "¿Qué?" ("What?"). Manuel's character is used to demonstrate Basil's instinctive lack of sensitivity and tolerance. Every episode involves Basil becoming enraged at Manuel's confusion at his boss's bizarre demands and even basic requests. Manuel is afraid of Fawlty's quick temper and violent assaults, yet often expresses his appreciation for being given employment. He is relentlessly enthusiastic and is proud of what little English he knows. </p><p>During the series, Sachs was seriously injured twice. Cleese describes using a real metal pan to knock Manuel unconscious in "<a href="/wiki/The_Wedding_Party_(Fawlty_Towers)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wedding Party (Fawlty Towers)">The Wedding Party</a>", although he would have preferred to use a rubber one. The original producer and director, John Howard Davies, said that he made Basil use a metal one and that he was responsible for most of the violence on the show, which he felt was essential to the type of comical farce they were creating. Later, when Sachs's clothes were treated to give off smoke after he escaped the burning kitchen in "<a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a>", the corrosive chemicals ate through them and gave Sachs severe burns.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Manuel's exaggerated Spanish accent is part of the humour of the show. In fact, Sachs's original language was German; he emigrated to Britain as a child.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The character's nationality was switched to Italian (and the name to Paolo) for the Spanish dub of the show, while in <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, Manuel is a Mexican.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_regular_characters_and_themes">Other regular characters and themes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other regular characters and themes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Terry Hughes, played by <a href="/wiki/Brian_Hall_(actor)" title="Brian Hall (actor)">Brian Hall</a>, is the hotel chef throughout the second series. A sly, somewhat shifty <a href="/wiki/Cockney" title="Cockney">Cockney</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he is nonetheless a competent chef ("I 'ave been to catering school!"). His cooking methods are occasionally somewhat casual, which frustrates and worries the neurotic Basil; and he also has limited concern for food and kitchen hygiene, claiming that "What the eye don't see, the chef gets away with" and that "the better the kitchen, the filthier it is." He used to work in <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Dorset" title="Dorchester, Dorset">Dorchester</a> (not at <a href="/wiki/The_Dorchester" title="The Dorchester">The Dorchester</a>, as a guest wrongly infers). In "<a href="/wiki/The_Anniversary_(Fawlty_Towers)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Anniversary (Fawlty Towers)">The Anniversary</a>" Terry and Manuel come to blows since Terry doesn't like anyone overshadowing him as a cook, so he proceeds to sabotage the <a href="/wiki/Paella" title="Paella">paella</a> Manuel is making for Basil and Sybil, leading to fisticuffs at the end of the episode. Cleese himself told Hall to portray Terry as if he were on the run from the police.</li> <li>Major Gowen, played by <a href="/wiki/Ballard_Berkeley" title="Ballard Berkeley">Ballard Berkeley</a>, is a slightly senile, amiable old soldier who is a permanent resident of the hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-Slide1996_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slide1996-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Terrace1985_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Terrace1985-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is one of the few guests whom Basil seems to like. This is because he has the <a href="/wiki/The_Establishment" title="The Establishment">establishment</a> status that Basil craves. He usually wears the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> jagged-striped tie, and once mentions to Mrs. Peignoir being in France in 1918.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He often is introduced as their "oldest resident" and in the episode "Waldorf Salad" Basil reveals that the Major has lived there for seven years. He enjoys talking about the world outside, especially the cricket scores and workers' strikes (the frequent strikes at <a href="/wiki/British_Leyland" title="British Leyland">British Leyland</a> during the time of the series' original transmission were often mentioned), and is always on the lookout for the newspaper. In the episode "<a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a>" he shows he has trouble forgiving the Germans because of the wars. The best he can say is that German women make good card players. In the same episode, he also demonstrates his outdated racial attitudes when he comments about the ethnic difference between "<a href="/wiki/Wog#British_English" title="Wog">wogs</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Nigger#British" title="Nigger">niggers</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-major_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-major-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite his good intentions, the Major can cause Basil's plans to go awry, notably in the episode "<a href="/wiki/Communication_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="Communication Problems">Communication Problems</a>" in which Basil tries his best to keep secret from Sybil the money he won in a bet.</li> <li>Miss Tibbs and Miss Gatsby, played by <a href="/wiki/Gilly_Flower" title="Gilly Flower">Gilly Flower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renee_Roberts" title="Renee Roberts">Renee Roberts</a>, are the other two permanent residents. Seemingly inseparable, these sweet-natured, dotty spinsters appear to have taken a fancy to Basil, feeling that they need to take care of him. In response, Basil vacillates between <a href="/wiki/Superficial_charm" title="Superficial charm">superficial charm</a> and blunt rudeness during his conversations with them.<sup id="cite_ref-Slide1996_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slide1996-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Terrace1985_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Terrace1985-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Audrey is Sybil's lifelong best friend, and is mostly acknowledged during gossipy telephone calls. Talking with her is a refuge for Sybil. When times get tough for Audrey, who has a dysfunctional relationship with her husband George, Sybil will offer solutions and guidance, often resulting in the catchphrase "Ohhh, I knowwww..." when she tries to commiserate with Audrey's problems. In Audrey's one on-screen appearance, in "The Anniversary", she is played by actress Christine Shaw. Basil tells Major Gowen that he thinks she is a "dreadful woman".</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Running_gag" title="Running gag">running gag</a> throughout the two series is the rearranged letters of the "Fawlty Towers" hotel sign which is shown at the beginning of every episode except "The Germans", when a hospital exterior is used as an <a href="/wiki/Establishing_shot" title="Establishing shot">establishing shot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In series one, the letters slowly fall from the sign due to lack of maintenance. In series two, the letters are re-arranged into a series of deliberate anagrams. The paperboy, though rarely seen, is revealed at the beginning of "The Psychiatrist" to be the prankster who rearranges the letters on the sign to sometimes crude phrases.</li> <li>Terence Conoley appears in two episodes as entirely different characters. In "A Touch of Class" he plays Mr. Wareing, and in "Waldorf Salad" he portrays Mr. Johnston.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Episodes">Episodes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Episodes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fawlty_Towers_-_studio_recording_ticket_-_1975-08-03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Fawlty_Towers_-_studio_recording_ticket_-_1975-08-03.jpg/220px-Fawlty_Towers_-_studio_recording_ticket_-_1975-08-03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Fawlty_Towers_-_studio_recording_ticket_-_1975-08-03.jpg/330px-Fawlty_Towers_-_studio_recording_ticket_-_1975-08-03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Fawlty_Towers_-_studio_recording_ticket_-_1975-08-03.jpg/440px-Fawlty_Towers_-_studio_recording_ticket_-_1975-08-03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="351" /></a><figcaption>BBC studio recording ticket for the second episode, "The Builders"</figcaption></figure> <p>The first episode of <i>Fawlty Towers</i> was recorded as a pilot on 24 December 1974, the rest of the series being recorded later in 1975. It was then originally broadcast on 19 September. The 12th and final episode was first shown on 25 October 1979. The first series was directed by <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Davies" title="John Howard Davies">John Howard Davies</a>, the second by <a href="/wiki/Bob_Spiers" title="Bob Spiers">Bob Spiers</a>. Both had their premieres on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a>. </p><p>When originally transmitted, the individual episodes had no on-screen titles. The ones in common currency were first used for the VHS release of the series in the 1980s. There were working titles, such as "USA" for "Waldorf Salad", "Death" for "The Kipper and the Corpse" and "Rat" for "Basil the Rat", which have been printed in some programme guides. In addition, some of the early BBC audio releases of episodes on vinyl and cassette included other variations, such as "Mrs. Richards" and "The Rat" for "Communication Problems" and "Basil the Rat" respectively. </p><p>In 2022, a "lost" scene cut from the episode "The Anniversary" (that went unfilmed) was uncovered as part of a script copy, featuring Basil climbing out his bedroom window to avoid sex with a drunken Sybil, who had wanted to make up.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has long been rumoured that a 13th episode of the series was written and filmed, but never progressed further than a rough cut.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lars Holger Holm, author of the book <i>Fawlty Towers: A Worshipper's Companion,</i> has made detailed claims about the episode's content, but he provides no concrete evidence of its existence.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the subject of whether more episodes would be produced, Cleese said (in an interview for the complete DVD boxed set, which was republished in the book <i>Fawlty Towers Fully Booked</i>) that he once had the genesis of a feature-length special—possibly sometime during the mid-1990s. The plot, never fleshed out beyond his initial idea, would have revolved around the chaos that a now-retired Basil typically caused as he and Sybil flew to <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> to visit their former employee Manuel and his family. Of the idea, Cleese said: </p> <blockquote><p>We had an idea for a plot which I loved. Basil was finally invited to Spain to meet Manuel's family. He gets to <a href="/wiki/London_Heathrow_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Heathrow Airport">Heathrow</a> and then spends about 14 frustrating hours waiting for the flight. Finally, on the plane, a terrorist pulls a gun and tries to hijack the thing. Basil is so angry he overcomes the terrorist, and when the pilot says, "We have to fly back to Heathrow" Basil says, "No, fly us to Spain or I'll shoot you." He arrives in Spain, is immediately arrested, and spends the entire holiday in a Spanish jail. He is released just in time to go back on the plane with Sybil. It was very funny, but I couldn't do it at the time. Making "Fawlty Towers" work at 90 minutes was a very difficult proposition. You can build up the comedy for 30 minutes, but at that length there has to be a trough and another peak. It doesn't interest me. I don't want to do it.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Cleese also may have been reluctant because of <a href="/wiki/Connie_Booth" title="Connie Booth">Connie Booth</a>'s unwillingness to be involved. She had practically retreated from public life after the show finished (and had been initially unwilling to collaborate on a second series, which explains the four-year gap between productions). </p><p>The decision by Cleese and Booth to quit before a third series has often been lauded as it ensured the show's successful status would not be weakened with later, lower-quality work. Subsequently, it has inspired the makers of other shows to do likewise. <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Gervais" title="Ricky Gervais">Ricky Gervais</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Merchant" title="Stephen Merchant">Stephen Merchant</a> refused to make a third series of either <i><a href="/wiki/The_Office_(British_TV_series)" title="The Office (British TV series)">The Office</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Extras_(TV_series)" title="Extras (TV series)">Extras</a></i>, citing <i>Fawlty Towers' </i> short lifespan.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rik_Mayall" title="Rik Mayall">Rik Mayall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Elton" title="Ben Elton">Ben Elton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lise_Mayer" title="Lise Mayer">Lise Mayer</a>, the writers behind <i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Ones_(TV_series)" title="The Young Ones (TV series)">The Young Ones</a></i>, which also ran for only two series (each with six episodes), used this explanation as well. <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Wood" title="Victoria Wood">Victoria Wood</a> also indicated this influenced her decision to limit <i><a href="/wiki/Dinnerladies_(TV_series)" title="Dinnerladies (TV series)">dinnerladies</a></i> to 16 episodes over two series.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The origins, background and eventual cancellation of the series were later humorously referenced in 1987's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Policeman%27s_Third_Ball" class="mw-redirect" title="The Secret Policeman's Third Ball">The Secret Policeman's Third Ball</a></i> in a sketch in which <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Laurie" title="Hugh Laurie">Hugh Laurie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Fry" title="Stephen Fry">Stephen Fry</a> present Cleese—whom they comically misname "Jim Cleese"—with a <a href="/wiki/Dick_Emery" title="Dick Emery">Dick Emery</a> Lifetime Achievement Award ("Silver Dick") for his contributions to comedy, then launch into a comical series of questions regarding the show, including Cleese's marriage and divorce from Booth, innocently ridiculing Cleese and reducing him to tears, to a point at which he gets on his knees and crawls off the stage while crying. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Series_overview">Series overview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Series overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="display:block;overflow-x:auto"><table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;height:1px;display:table"><tbody><tr style="text-align:center"><th scope="col" rowspan="2" style="min-width:50px;padding:0 8px">Series</th><th scope="col" rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="padding:0 8px">Episodes</th><th scope="colgroup" colspan="3">Originally aired</th></tr><tr><th scope="col">First aired</th><th scope="col">Last aired</th><th scope="col" style="padding:0 8px">Network</th></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><span style="text-align:center;float:left;width:100%;height:100%"><span style="width:14px;background:#deaf77;color:#202122;height:100%;float:left;box-shadow:inset -1px 0 #A2A9B1"></span><span style="height:100%;width:calc(100% - 14px - 8px);display:flex;vertical-align:middle;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:0 4px"><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Series_1_(1975)">1</a></span></span></span></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">19 September 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-09-19</span>)</span></td><td style="padding:0 8px">24 October 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1975-10-24</span>)</span></td><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a></td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><span style="text-align:center;float:left;width:100%;height:100%"><span style="width:14px;background:#B87FDF;color:#202122;height:100%;float:left;box-shadow:inset -1px 0 #A2A9B1"></span><span style="height:100%;width:calc(100% - 14px - 8px);display:flex;vertical-align:middle;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:0 4px"><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Series_2_(1979)">2</a></span></span></span></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">19 February 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-02-19</span>)</span></td><td style="padding:0 8px">25 October 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1979-10-25</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Series_1_(1975)"><span id="Series_1_.281975.29"></span>Series 1 (1975)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Series 1 (1975)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders wikiepisodetable" style="width:100%"><tbody><tr style="color:black;text-align:center"><th scope="col" style="background:#deaf77;width:4%;color:black"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr></th><th scope="col" style="background:#deaf77;width:21%;color:black">Title</th><th scope="col" style="background:#deaf77;width:16%;color:black">Sign reads</th><th scope="col" style="background:#deaf77;width:14%;color:black">Original air date</th></tr><tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep1" style="text-align:center">1</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="A_Touch_of_Class"></span><span class="vanchor-text">A Touch of Class</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FAWLTY TOWER<i><b>S</b></i> <small>(Crooked S)</small></td><td style="text-align:center">19 September 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-09-19</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #deaf77"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>As Basil tries to raise the tone of the hotel, the aristocratic Lord Melbury comes to stay at the hotel. Basil fawns over him at every opportunity, causing himself to neglect or annoy other guests, until Polly discovers Melbury is actually a confidence trickster. Meanwhile, Sybil orders Basil to hang a picture. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Gwynn" title="Michael Gwynn">Michael Gwynn</a> as Lord Melbury, <a href="/wiki/Robin_Ellis" title="Robin Ellis">Robin Ellis</a> as Danny Brown, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Wyldeck" title="Martin Wyldeck">Martin Wyldeck</a> as Sir Richard Morris, <a href="/wiki/David_Simeon" title="David Simeon">David Simeon</a> as Mr. Mackenzie, Terence Conoley as Mr. Wareing and Lionel Wheeler as Mr. Watson.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep2" style="text-align:center">2</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="The_Builders"></span><span class="vanchor-text">The Builders</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FAW<i><b>L</b></i>TY TOWER <small>(Crooked L and missing S)</small></td><td style="text-align:center">26 September 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-09-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #deaf77"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>Major renovations are made to the lobby while the Fawltys are out, but when a misreading causes the incompetent builders to mess it up spectacularly, Basil must try to remedy the situation before Sybil finds out. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/David_Kelly_(actor)" title="David Kelly (actor)">David Kelly</a> as O'Reilly, James Appleby as Stubbs, George Lee as Delivery Man, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cronin_(actor)" title="Michael Cronin (actor)">Michael Cronin</a> as Lurphy, Michael Halsey as Jones and Barney Dorman as Kerr.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep3" style="text-align:center">3</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="The_Wedding_Party"></span><span class="vanchor-text">The Wedding Party</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FAW TY TO<i><b>W</b></i>ER <small>(Crooked W, missing L and missing S)</small></td><td style="text-align:center">3 October 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-10-03</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #deaf77"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>Basil gets annoyed when a young, flirtatious couple start "hanky-pankying" under his nose and tries to avoid the advances of a female French antique dealer. Meanwhile, misfortune conspires to put him in compromising situations whenever the couple are around. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Gilan" title="Yvonne Gilan">Yvonne Gilan</a> as Mrs. Peignoir, <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Phillips" title="Conrad Phillips">Conrad Phillips</a> as Mr. Lloyd, <a href="/wiki/Diana_King_(actress)" title="Diana King (actress)">Diana King</a> as Mrs. Lloyd, <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Adams" title="Trevor Adams">Trevor Adams</a> as Alan, <a href="/wiki/April_Walker" title="April Walker">April Walker</a> as Jean and <a href="/wiki/Jay_Neill_(actor)" title="Jay Neill (actor)">Jay Neill</a> as Bar Guest.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep4" style="text-align:center">4</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="[[The_Hotel_Inspectors]]"></span><span class="vanchor-text"><a href="/wiki/The_Hotel_Inspectors" title="The Hotel Inspectors">The Hotel Inspectors</a></span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FAW TY TO ER <small>(Missing L, missing W and missing S)</small></td><td style="text-align:center">10 October 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-10-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #deaf77"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>When Basil hears of hotel inspectors roaming Torquay incognito, he realises with horror that guests he has been abusing could easily be among them. Basil becomes increasingly obsessed with trying to determine which guests are hotel inspectors, and gets frustrated when his suspects turn out not to be. But then, without warning, the <i>real</i> inspectors show up. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Cribbins" title="Bernard Cribbins">Bernard Cribbins</a> as Mr. Hutchinson, <a href="/wiki/James_Cossins" title="James Cossins">James Cossins</a> as Mr. Walt, Geoffrey Morris as John (inspector) and Peter Brett as Brian (inspector).</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep5" style="text-align:center">5</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="Gourmet_Night"></span><span class="vanchor-text">Gourmet Night</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">WARTY TOWELS</td><td style="text-align:center">17 October 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-10-17</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #deaf77"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>Basil holds a gourmet night to attract posher guests and climb Torquay's social ladder. Unfortunately, thanks to the chef's alcoholism, Basil must try to get hold of a duck from his friend, André. This, combined with the Fawltys' faulty car and his social awkwardness leads Basil ever closer to a nervous breakdown. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Maranne" title="André Maranne">André Maranne</a> as André, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Plytas" title="Steve Plytas">Steve Plytas</a> as Kurt, <a href="/wiki/Allan_Cuthbertson" title="Allan Cuthbertson">Allan Cuthbertson</a> as Colonel Hall, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Way" title="Ann Way">Ann Way</a> as Mrs. Hall, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Caldicot" title="Richard Caldicot">Richard Caldicot</a> as Mr. Twitchen, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Huntley-Wright" title="Betty Huntley-Wright">Betty Huntley-Wright</a> as Mrs. Twitchen, <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Segal" title="Jeffrey Segal">Jeffrey Segal</a> as Mr. Heath, Elizabeth Benson as Mrs. Heath and Tony Page as Master Heath.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep6" style="text-align:center">6</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="[[The_Germans]]"></span><span id="The_Germans"></span><span class="vanchor-text"><a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a></span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">None<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center">24 October 1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1975-10-24</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #deaf77"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>With Sybil in the hospital with an ingrown toenail, a moose's head to hang up and some German guests arriving the next day, Basil has his work cut out for him. After an attempted fire drill goes wrong and Basil lands up in the hospital with concussion, he succeeds in causing much offence to the German guests after finally escaping back to the hotel. This episode is the origin of the quotation "Don't mention the war." </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Claire_Davenport" title="Claire Davenport">Claire Davenport</a> as Mrs. Wilson, <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Cowling" title="Brenda Cowling">Brenda Cowling</a> as Sister, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Mahoney" title="Louis Mahoney">Louis Mahoney</a> as Doctor, John Lawrence as Mr. Sharp, Iris Fry as Mrs. Sharp, Willy Bowman, Nick Kane, Lisa Bergmayr and Dan Gillan as German Guests.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879425">.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent,.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent th{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable .summary{text-align:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^="color"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^="color"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Series_2_(1979)"><span id="Series_2_.281979.29"></span>Series 2 (1979)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Series 2 (1979)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The second series was transmitted three-and-a-half years later, with the first episode being broadcast on 19 February 1979. Due to an industrial dispute at the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, which resulted in a strike, the final episode was not completed until well after the others, being finally shown as a one-off instalment on 25 October 1979. The cancelled episode on 19 March was replaced with a repeat of "Gourmet Night" from series 1. In the second series the anagrams were created by Ian McClane, the assistant floor manager. However, the only one which is actually a true anagram for the hotel's name is "Flowery Twats", created for "The Anniversary" </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders wikiepisodetable" style="width:100%"><tbody><tr style="color:black;text-align:center"><th scope="col" style="background:#B87FDF;width:4%;color:black"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr></th><th scope="col" style="background:#B87FDF;width:21%;color:black">Title</th><th scope="col" style="background:#B87FDF;width:16%;color:black">Sign reads</th><th scope="col" style="background:#B87FDF;width:14%;color:black">Original air date</th></tr><tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep7" style="text-align:center">7</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="Communication_Problems"></span><span class="vanchor-text">Communication Problems</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FAW<i><b>L</b></i>TY TOWER <small>(Crooked L and missing S)</small><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center">19 February 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-02-19</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #B87FDF"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>The arrival of the "guest from hell" — Mrs. Richards, a rather deaf, <a href="/wiki/Battle-axe_(woman)" title="Battle-axe (woman)">domineering</a> and bad-tempered woman — interferes with Basil's attempts to prevent the money he won on a racehorse from being discovered by Sybil, who disapproves of gambling. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Joan_Sanderson" title="Joan Sanderson">Joan Sanderson</a> as Mrs Richards, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lankesheer" title="Robert Lankesheer">Robert Lankesheer</a> as Mr Thurston, <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Shannon" title="Johnny Shannon">Johnny Shannon</a> as Mr Firkins, Bill Bradley as Mr Mackintosh, George Lee as Mr Kerr and Mervyn Pascoe as Mr Yardley.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep8" style="text-align:center">8</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="The_Psychiatrist"></span><span class="vanchor-text">The Psychiatrist</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">WATERY FOWLS</td><td style="text-align:center">26 February 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-02-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #B87FDF"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>A psychiatrist and his wife—also a doctor—come to the hotel for a weekend break, and notice all of Basil's odd behaviour. Initially enthused by his guests' class and professions, Basil is later perturbed when he discovers the doctor's specialty is psychiatry. Another guest, Mr Johnson, is secretly sharing his room with a woman and Basil becomes obsessed with catching him out, which leads to several incidents with a buxom Australian female guest, which gets him in trouble with Sybil. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Nicky_Henson" title="Nicky Henson">Nicky Henson</a> as Mr Johnson, <a href="/wiki/Basil_Henson" title="Basil Henson">Basil Henson</a> as Dr Abbott, <a href="/wiki/Elspet_Gray" title="Elspet Gray">Elspet Gray</a> as Mrs Abbott, <a href="/wiki/Luan_Peters" title="Luan Peters">Luan Peters</a> as Raylene Miles, <a href="/wiki/Aim%C3%A9e_Delamain" title="Aimée Delamain">Aimée Delamain</a> as Mrs Johnson and Imogen Bickford-Smith as Girlfriend.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep9" style="text-align:center">9</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="[[Waldorf_Salad_(Fawlty_Towers)|Waldorf_Salad]]"></span><span id="Waldorf_Salad"></span><span class="vanchor-text"><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Salad_(Fawlty_Towers)" title="Waldorf Salad (Fawlty Towers)">Waldorf Salad</a></span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FLAY OTTERS</td><td style="text-align:center">5 March 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-03-05</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #B87FDF"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>Basil is not altogether keen on a loud and demanding American guest who demands a higher class of service—and food—than Fawlty Towers is accustomed to providing. Basil soon learns that the American guest will not tolerate any shenanigans. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Boa" title="Bruce Boa">Bruce Boa</a> as Mr Hamilton, <a href="/wiki/Claire_Nielson" title="Claire Nielson">Claire Nielson</a> as Mrs Hamilton, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Bird" title="Norman Bird">Norman Bird</a> as Mr Arrad, <a href="/wiki/Stella_Tanner" title="Stella Tanner">Stella Tanner</a> as Mrs Arrad, Terence Conoley as Mr Johnston, <a href="/wiki/June_Ellis" title="June Ellis">June Ellis</a> as Mrs Johnston, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Dawes" title="Anthony Dawes">Anthony Dawes</a> as Mr Libson, Beatrice Shaw as Miss Gurke and Dorothy Frere as Miss Hare.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep10" style="text-align:center">10</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="The_Kipper_and_the_Corpse"></span><span class="vanchor-text">The Kipper and the Corpse</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FATTY OWLS</td><td style="text-align:center">12 March 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-03-12</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #B87FDF"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>With no regard to Basil's blood pressure, a guest dies at the hotel and Basil and the staff are left with the unpleasant task of removing the body discreetly while the doctor staying at the hotel, Dr. Price, waits for his sausages. Also, Polly and Manuel feed an elderly woman's pampered pet dog some extra spicy sausages after it bites them both. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Palmer_(actor)" title="Geoffrey Palmer (actor)">Geoffrey Palmer</a> as Dr Price, <a href="/wiki/Mavis_Pugh" title="Mavis Pugh">Mavis Pugh</a> as Mrs Chase, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Davies_(Welsh_actor)" title="Richard Davies (Welsh actor)">Richard Davies</a> as Mr White, Elizabeth Benson as Mrs White, <a href="/wiki/Derek_Royle" title="Derek Royle">Derek Royle</a> as Mr Leeman, Robert McBain as Mr Xerxes, <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Buchner" title="Pamela Buchner">Pamela Buchner</a> as Miss Young, Raymond Mason as Mr Zebedee, <a href="/wiki/Charles_McKeown" title="Charles McKeown">Charles McKeown</a> as Mr Ingrams and Len Marten as Guest.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep11" style="text-align:center">11</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="The_Anniversary"></span><span class="vanchor-text">The Anniversary</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FLOWERY TWATS</td><td style="text-align:center">26 March 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-03-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #B87FDF"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>Basil invites some friends for a surprise wedding anniversary party, but Sybil assumes he has forgotten their anniversary and storms off, leaving her husband and Polly, in disguise, desperately telling the others she is 'ill'... </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ken_Campbell" title="Ken Campbell">Ken Campbell</a> as Roger, <a href="/wiki/Una_Stubbs" title="Una Stubbs">Una Stubbs</a> as Alice, Robert Arnold as Arthur, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Keen" title="Pat Keen">Pat Keen</a> as Virginia, Roger Hume as Reg, <a href="/wiki/Denyse_Alexander" title="Denyse Alexander">Denyse Alexander</a> as Kitty and Christine Shaw as Audrey.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep12" style="text-align:center">12</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="Basil_the_Rat"></span><span class="vanchor-text">Basil the Rat</span></span>"</td><td style="text-align:center">FARTY TOWELS</td><td style="text-align:center">25 October 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-10-25</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="5" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #B87FDF"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> <p>The local health inspector notes and reads out a long list of hygiene infractions which the staff must rectify before his next visit, or else face closure. After Manuel's pet rat escapes from his cage and runs loose in the hotel, the staff must catch it before the inspector sees it. At the same time, they must discern which veal cutlets are safe to eat after one covered in rat poison gets mixed up with the others. </p> <hr /> <i>Featuring:</i> <a href="/wiki/John_Quarmby" title="John Quarmby">John Quarmby</a> as Mr Carnegie, David Neville as Ronald, <a href="/wiki/Sabina_Franklyn" title="Sabina Franklyn">Sabina Franklyn</a> as Quentina, James Taylor as Mr Taylor, Melody Lang as Mrs Taylor and Stuart Sherwin as Guest.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879425"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_reaction">Critical reaction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Critical reaction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Contemporary">Contemporary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Contemporary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At first, the series was not held in particularly high esteem. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Mirror" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Mirror">The Daily Mirror</a>'</i>s review of the show in 1975 had the headline "Long John Short On Jokes".<sup id="cite_ref-audience_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-audience-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One critic of the show was <a href="/wiki/Richard_Ingrams" title="Richard Ingrams">Richard Ingrams</a>, then television reviewer for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spectator" title="The Spectator">The Spectator</a></i>, who wrote a caustic piece condemning the programme. Cleese got his revenge by naming one of the guests in the second series "Mr. Ingrams", who is caught in his room with a blow-up doll.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, though, as the series began to gain popularity, critical acclaim followed. <a href="/wiki/Clive_James" title="Clive James">Clive James</a> writing in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i> said the second episode had him "retching with laughter."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Retrospective">Retrospective</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Retrospective"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, Fawlty Towers has an aggregate score of 100% based on 14 critic reviews. The website's consensus reads: "<i>Fawlty Towers</i> looms large over British comedy with John Cleese's impeccably hapless performance and an endless array of exuberant slapstick—making for a supremely stimulating chuckler."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview for the "TV Characters" edition of <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>'s "talking heads" strand <a href="/wiki/100_Greatest_/_100_Worst" class="mw-redirect" title="100 Greatest / 100 Worst">100 Greatest</a> (in which Basil placed second, between <a href="/wiki/Homer_Simpson" title="Homer Simpson">Homer Simpson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Blackadder" title="Edmund Blackadder">Edmund Blackadder</a>), TV critic <a href="/wiki/A._A._Gill" title="A. A. Gill">A. A. Gill</a> theorised that the initially muted response may have been caused by Cleese seemingly ditching his label as a comic revolutionary—earned through his years with <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a>—to do something more traditional.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a list of the <a href="/wiki/100_Greatest_British_Television_Programmes" class="mw-redirect" title="100 Greatest British Television Programmes">100 Greatest British Television Programmes</a> drawn up by the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> in 2000, voted for by industry professionals, <i>Fawlty Towers</i> was placed first. It was also voted fifth in the "<a href="/wiki/Britain%27s_Best_Sitcom" title="Britain's Best Sitcom">Britain's Best Sitcom</a>" poll in 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-pnkssn_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pnkssn-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and second only to <i><a href="/wiki/Frasier" title="Frasier">Frasier</a></i> in The Ultimate Sitcom poll of comedy writers in January 2006. <a href="/wiki/Basil_Fawlty" title="Basil Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</a> came top of the <i>Britain's Funniest Comedy Character</i> poll, held by <a href="/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel 5 (UK)">Five</a> on 14 May 2006. In 1997, "<a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a>" was ranked No. 12 on <a href="/wiki/TV_Guide%27s_100_Greatest_Episodes_of_All_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time">TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Empire_(film_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire (film magazine)">Empire</a></i> magazine's 2024 list of the 100 greatest TV shows of all time ranks it at No. 22. The entry states: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>One of British TV's greatest ever sitcoms, the central question of <i>Fawlty Towers</i> – why <a href="/wiki/Basil_Fawlty" title="Basil Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</a>, the world's least hospitable man would go into hospitality in the first place – remains tantalisingly unanswered across 12 kipper-serving, Siberian hamster-hunting, German-baiting episodes. A straight zero on TripAdvisor, the very layout of Fawlty Towers itself offers comedy gold as Basil (John Cleese), his wife Sybil (Prunella Scales), waitress Polly (Connie Booth) and poor, benighted Manuel (Andrew Sachs) manoeuvre themselves (and the odd corpse) around its dowdy interior without ruining anyone's stay. Basil, needless to say, fails. Often and hilariously.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_accolades">Awards and accolades</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Awards and accolades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Awards" title="British Academy Television Awards">British Academy Television Awards</a> (BAFTAs) were awarded to people for their involvement with the series. Both of the series were awarded the BAFTA in the category <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" title="British Academy Television Award for Best Scripted Comedy">Best Scripted Comedy</a>, the first being won by John Howard Davies in 1976, and the second by Douglas Argent and Bob Spiers in 1980. In 1980, Cleese received the BAFTA for <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Entertainment_Performance" title="British Academy Television Award for Best Entertainment Performance">Best Entertainment Performance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a <a href="/wiki/BFI_TV_100" title="BFI TV 100">list drawn up</a> by the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> in 2000, voted by industry professionals, <i>Fawlty Towers</i> was named the best British television series of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Screenonline_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screenonline-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Sachs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Andrew_Sachs.jpg/220px-Andrew_Sachs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Andrew_Sachs.jpg/330px-Andrew_Sachs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Andrew_Sachs.jpg/440px-Andrew_Sachs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1914" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>Waxwork of hapless waiter Manuel at <a href="/wiki/Madame_Tussauds" title="Madame Tussauds">Madame Tussauds</a>, London</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> was a fan of the show. He said in 1980: "I love <i>Fawlty Towers</i>. I'd like to be in that. [It's] the greatest show I've seen in years... what a masterpiece, a beautiful thing."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kate_Bush" title="Kate Bush">Kate Bush</a> stated, "I still think <i>Fawlty Towers</i> is the best sitcom ever."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> has remarked he is a great fan of <i>Fawlty Towers</i> and named "The Germans" as his favourite episode.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He described the scene with Basil impersonating <a href="/wiki/Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler">Hitler</a> as "so tasteless, it's hilarious".<sup id="cite_ref-McCann_2007_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCann_2007-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naming <i>Fawlty Towers</i> among the shows he loved growing up, comedy writer <a href="/wiki/Graham_Linehan" title="Graham Linehan">Graham Linehan</a> cited the "farce elements" of the show as an influence for his much acclaimed sitcom <i><a href="/wiki/Father_Ted" title="Father Ted">Father Ted</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Remakes,_adaptations_and_reunions"><span id="Remakes.2C_adaptations_and_reunions"></span>Remakes, adaptations and reunions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Remakes, adaptations and reunions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three attempted <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_TV_shows_remade_for_the_American_market" class="mw-redirect" title="List of British TV shows remade for the American market">remakes</a> of <i>Fawlty Towers</i> were started for the American market, with two making it into production. The first, <i>Chateau Snavely</i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Korman" title="Harvey Korman">Harvey Korman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betty_White" title="Betty White">Betty White</a>, was produced by <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> for a pilot in 1978, but the transfer from coastal hotel to highway motel proved too much and the series was never produced. The second, also by ABC, was <i><a href="/wiki/Amanda%27s" title="Amanda's">Amanda's</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Bea_Arthur" title="Bea Arthur">Bea Arthur</a>, notable for switching the sexes of its Basil and Sybil equivalents. It also failed to attract a major audience and was dropped after ten episodes had been aired, despite 13 completed episodes.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third remake, called <i><a href="/wiki/Payne_(TV_series)" title="Payne (TV series)">Payne</a></i> (produced by and starring <a href="/wiki/John_Larroquette" title="John Larroquette">John Larroquette</a>), aired in 1999, but was cancelled shortly afterwards. Nine episodes were produced, of which eight aired on American television (though the complete run was broadcast overseas). A German pilot was made in 2001, named <i>Zum letzten Kliff</i> (To the last cliff), but no further episodes were made after its first series. </p><p>Popular American sitcoms <i><a href="/wiki/3rd_Rock_from_the_Sun" title="3rd Rock from the Sun">3rd Rock from the Sun</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Cheers" title="Cheers">Cheers</a></i> (in both of which Cleese made guest appearances) have cited <i>Fawlty Towers</i> as an inspiration, especially regarding its depiction of a dysfunctional workplace "family". <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Mathews_(writer)" title="Arthur Mathews (writer)">Arthur Mathews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Graham_Linehan" title="Graham Linehan">Graham Linehan</a> have cited <i>Fawlty</i> as a major influence on their sitcom <i><a href="/wiki/Father_Ted" title="Father Ted">Father Ted</a></i>. <i><a href="/wiki/Guest_House_(TV_series)" title="Guest House (TV series)">Guest House</a></i> on Pakistan's <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Television_Corporation" title="Pakistan Television Corporation">PTV</a> also resembled the series. </p><p>Several of the characters have made other appearances, as spinoffs or in small cameo roles. In 1981, in character as Manuel, Sachs recorded his own version of the <a href="/wiki/Joe_Dolce" title="Joe Dolce">Joe Dolce</a> cod-Italian song "<a href="/wiki/Shaddap_You_Face" title="Shaddap You Face">Shaddap You Face</a>" (with the B-side "Waiter, There's a Spanish Flea in My Soup") but the record was not released because Dolce took out an injunction: he was about to issue his version in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-manuel_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manuel-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sachs also portrayed a Manuel-like character in a series of British TV advertisements for life insurance. <a href="/wiki/Gilly_Flower" title="Gilly Flower">Gilly Flower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renee_Roberts" title="Renee Roberts">Renee Roberts</a>, who played elderly ladies Miss Tibbs and Miss Gatsby in the series, reprised their roles in a 1983 episode of <i><a href="/wiki/Only_Fools_and_Horses" title="Only Fools and Horses">Only Fools and Horses</a></i>. In 2006, Cleese played Basil for the first time in 27 years, for an unofficial England <a href="/wiki/2006_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2006 FIFA World Cup">2006 World Cup</a> song, "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Mention_the_World_Cup" title="Don't Mention the World Cup">Don't Mention the World Cup</a>", taking its name from the phrase, "Don't mention the war," which Basil used in the episode "<a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, Cleese and Sachs reprised their roles for a six-episode corporate business video for the Norwegian oil company <a href="/wiki/Statoil" class="mw-redirect" title="Statoil">Statoil</a>. In the video, Fawlty is running a restaurant called "Basil's Brasserie" while Manuel owns a <a href="/wiki/Michelin_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="Michelin Star">Michelin-starred</a> restaurant in London.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2007, Scales returned to play Sybil in a series of sketches for the BBC's annual <i><a href="/wiki/Children_in_Need" title="Children in Need">Children in Need</a></i> charity telethon. The character was seen taking over the management of the eponymous hotel from the BBC drama series <i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Babylon_(BBC_series)" title="Hotel Babylon (BBC series)">Hotel Babylon</a></i>, interacting with characters from that programme as well as other 1970s sitcom characters. The character of Sybil was used by Cleese's permission.<sup id="cite_ref-rt01_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt01-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Film_School" title="Los Angeles Film School">Los Angeles Film School</a> produced seven episodes of <i>Fawlty Tower Oxnard</i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Robert_Romanus" title="Robert Romanus">Robert Romanus</a> as Basil.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>At a 2009 reunion event for the <a href="/wiki/Gold_(British_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold (British TV channel)">Gold</a> channel as <i>Fawlty Towers: Re-Opened</i>, Cleese said that the cast would never make another episode of the series because they are "too old and tired" and expectations would be too high.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, Cleese reprised his role as Basil in a series of TV adverts for <a href="/wiki/High_Street" title="High Street">High Street</a> <a href="/wiki/Optician" title="Optician">optician</a> chain <a href="/wiki/Specsavers" title="Specsavers">Specsavers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, Cleese and Booth reunited to create and co-write the official theatrical adaptation of <i><a href="/wiki/Fawlty_Towers:_The_Play" title="Fawlty Towers: The Play">Fawlty Towers</a></i>, which premiered in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Melbourne, Australia">Melbourne</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Comedy_Theatre,_Melbourne" title="Comedy Theatre, Melbourne">Comedy Theatre</a>. It was critically well received, subsequently embarking on a successful tour of Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cleese was intimately involved in the creation of the stage version from the beginning, including casting. He visited Australia to promote, as well as oversee its success. Melbourne was chosen to premiere the adaptation due to the series' enduring popularity in Australia, and also as it had become a popular international test market for large-scale theatrical productions in recent years, having recently been the city where the revised <i><a href="/wiki/Love_Never_Dies_(musical)" title="Love Never Dies (musical)">Love Never Dies</a></i> and the new <i><a href="/wiki/King_Kong_(2013_musical)" title="King Kong (2013 musical)">King Kong</a></i> also premiered. Cleese also noted he did not believe the London press would give the adaptation fair, unbiased reviews, so he deliberately chose to premiere it elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 2 February 2024, it was announced that the 2016 stage show based on <i>Fawlty Towers</i> would launch at London's <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Theatre" title="Apollo Theatre">Apollo Theatre</a> later that year.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the launch of the official <i>Fawlty Towers</i> theatrical adaptation in 2016, Cleese contested the legal validity of the Australian touring stage production, <i><a href="/wiki/Faulty_Towers_The_Dining_Experience" title="Faulty Towers The Dining Experience">Faulty Towers The Dining Experience</a></i>, and threatened to sue its creators; this subsequently led to the cancellation of the tribute show's US tour.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A sequel series was announced in February 2023, written by and starring Cleese and his daughter Camilla. The show is under development at <a href="/wiki/Castle_Rock_Entertainment" title="Castle Rock Entertainment">Castle Rock Entertainment</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Matthew_George" title="Matthew George">Matthew George</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rob_Reiner" title="Rob Reiner">Rob Reiner</a>, Michele Reiner and <a href="/wiki/Derrick_Rossi" title="Derrick Rossi">Derrick Rossi</a> as executive producers. The premise sees Basil (Cleese) trying to operate Fawlty Towers with help from his long-lost daughter (Camilla) and adjusting to the modern world.<sup id="cite_ref-variety_sequel_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-variety_sequel-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cleese said in a July 2023 interview that his daughter had only "half an idea" for the series, and that the production company had been too hasty in announcing the revival. Cleese said that the series would "probably" be set in the Caribbean.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cleese confirmed to <a href="/wiki/GB_News" title="GB News">GB News</a> that the sequel series, unlike the original series, would not be broadcast on the BBC, feeling the broadcaster would have limited his creative freedom.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overseas">Overseas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Overseas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1977 and 1978 alone, the original TV show was sold to 45 stations in 17 countries and was the BBC's best-selling overseas programme for that year. <i>Fawlty Towers</i> became a huge success in almost all countries in which it aired. Although it initially was a flop in Spain, largely because of the portrayal of the Spanish waiter Manuel, it was successfully resold with the Manuel character's nationality changed to Italian<sup id="cite_ref-museumTV_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museumTV-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> except in Spain's Catalan region where Manuel was Mexican.<sup id="cite_ref-manuel_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manuel-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To show how badly it translated, Clive James picked up a clip containing Manuel's "¿Qué?" phrase to show on <i><a href="/wiki/Clive_James_on_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Clive James on Television">Clive James on Television</a></i> in 1982. The series also briefly was broadcast in Italy in the 1990s on the satellite channel Canal Jimmy, in the original English with Italian subtitles. </p><p>In Australia, the show originally was broadcast on <a href="/wiki/ABC_Television_(Australian_TV_network)" title="ABC Television (Australian TV network)">ABC Television</a>, the first series in 1976 and the second series in 1980. The show then was sold to the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Network" title="Seven Network">Seven Network</a> where it has been repeated numerous times. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Home_media_and_merchandise">Home media and merchandise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Home media and merchandise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Audio_releases">Audio releases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Audio releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Four albums were released by <a href="/wiki/BBC_Records" title="BBC Records">BBC Records</a> on vinyl LP and cassette. These consisted of the original television soundtracks, and from the second album onwards had additional voice-over from Sachs (in character as Manuel) describing scenes which relied on visual humour. </p><p>The first album, simply titled <i>Fawlty Towers</i>, was released in 1979 and contained audio from "Communication Problems" (as "Mrs Richards") and "Hotel Inspectors". The second album, <i>Second Sitting</i>, was released in 1981 and contained audio from "Basil the Rat" (as "The Rat") and "The Builders". Both of these first two albums reached the Top 30 of the <a href="/wiki/UK_Albums_Chart" title="UK Albums Chart">UK Albums Chart</a>. </p><p><i>At Your Service</i> was released in 1982, and contained audio from "The Kipper and the Corpse" (as "Death") and "The Germans" (as "Fire Drill"). Finally, <i>A La Carte</i> was released in 1983, and contained audio from "Waldorf Salad" (as "The Americans") and "Gourmet Night". </p><p>The albums were re-released as double-cassette packs under the titles <i>Fawlty Towers 1</i> and <i>Fawlty Towers 2</i> in 1988. The remaining four episodes did not get an audio-only release until 1994 on audio cassette as <i>Fawlty Towers 3</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first CD release of the audio versions was in a boxed set in 2003, titled <i>Fawlty Towers—The Collector's Edition</i>, which included spoken introductions to each episode by Cleese, and an interview with Scales and Sachs.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The four vinyl records were reissued in a limited edition boxed set, along with the remaining four episodes on vinyl for the first time, for Record Store Day in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_media">Home media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Home media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Fawlty Towers</i> was originally released by BBC Video in 1984, with three episodes on each of four tapes. Each was edited with the credits from all three episodes put at the end of the tape. A <a href="/wiki/LaserDisc" title="LaserDisc">LaserDisc</a> containing all episodes spliced together as a continuous episode was released in the U.S. on 23 June 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was re-released in 1994, unedited but digitally remastered. It also was re-released in 1997 with a special interview with Cleese. <i>Fawlty Towers—The Complete Series</i> was released on DVD on 16 October 2001, available in <a href="/wiki/DVD_region_code" title="DVD region code">regions</a> 1, 2 and 4. A "Collector's Edition" is available in region 2. </p><p>The original DVD contained a slightly edited version of "The Kipper and the Corpse", in which Basil's line "Is it your legs?" (said to Mr Lehman when asking why he wants breakfast in bed) is missing. This line was restored in subsequent remasters.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Series one was released on <a href="/wiki/Universal_Media_Disc" title="Universal Media Disc">UMD</a> Video for <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Portable" title="PlayStation Portable">PSP</a>. In July 2009, BBC America announced a DVD reissue, released on 20 October 2009. Titled <i>Fawlty Towers Remastered: Special Edition</i>, contains commentary by Cleese on every episode as well as remastered video and audio. All episodes were previously available as streamed video-on-demand via <a href="/wiki/Britbox" class="mw-redirect" title="Britbox">Britbox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a>. Additionally, both series were previously available for download on <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a>. In 2021 all episodes were made available on the <a href="/wiki/BBC_iPlayer" title="BBC iPlayer">BBC iPlayer</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Computer_game">Computer game</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Computer game"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i>Fawlty Towers</i> game was released on PC in 2000 and featured a number of interactive games, desktop-customizing content, and clips from the show.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original scripts were released in a hardback book by Methuen, <i>The Complete Fawlty Towers</i>, in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is the only episode of the twelve that does not feature the hotel as the backdrop for the titles. Footage of the <a href="/wiki/Northwick_Park_Hospital" title="Northwick Park Hospital">Northwick Park Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Brent" title="London Borough of Brent">Brent</a> was used instead, hence the sign is not shown.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is the same opening shot as in episode <a href="#ep2">2</a>, "<i><a href="/wiki/The_Builders" class="mw-redirect" title="The Builders">The Builders</a></i>", from Series 1.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Beeb2FT-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beeb2FT_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00kjf2r">"Fawlty Towers"</a>. <i>BBC TWO</i>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+TWO&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb00kjf2r&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Guardian-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBusby2019" class="citation news cs1">Busby, Mattha (9 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/apr/09/fawlty-towers-greatest-ever-british-sitcom">"Fawlty Towers named greatest ever British TV sitcom"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers+named+greatest+ever+British+TV+sitcom&rft.date=2019-04-09&rft.aulast=Busby&rft.aufirst=Mattha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftv-and-radio%2F2019%2Fapr%2F09%2Ffawlty-towers-greatest-ever-british-sitcom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090531160558/http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/tv/microsites/G/greatest/tv_characters/results.html">"100 Greatest TV Characters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/tv/microsites/G/greatest/tv_characters/results.html">the original</a> on 31 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=100+Greatest+TV+Characters&rft.pub=Channel+4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fentertainment%2Ftv%2Fmicrosites%2FG%2Fgreatest%2Ftv_characters%2Fresults.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itv.com/news/2019-04-09/fawlty-towers-and-father-ted-top-list-of-britains-favourite-sitcoms/">"Fawlty Towers and Father Ted top list of Britain's favourite sitcoms"</a>. <i>ITV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ITV+News&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers+and+Father+Ted+top+list+of+Britain%27s+favourite+sitcoms&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itv.com%2Fnews%2F2019-04-09%2Ffawlty-towers-and-father-ted-top-list-of-britains-favourite-sitcoms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/fawltytowers/">"Fawlty Towers"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fcomedy%2Ffawltytowers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalin2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palin" title="Michael Palin">Palin, Michael</a> (2007). <i>Diaries 1969–1979: The Python Years</i>. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diaries+1969%E2%80%931979%3A+The+Python+Years&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Palin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1yKb_77Sf0">"John Cleese interview – part one"</a>. <i>Parkinson</i>. BBC. 2 August 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211103/c1yKb_77Sf0">Archived</a> from the original on 3 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parkinson&rft.atitle=John+Cleese+interview+%E2%80%93+part+one&rft.date=2007-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dc1yKb_77Sf0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-devon-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-devon_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/content/articles/2006/08/10/fawlty_towers_relaunch_feature.shtml">"Sybil back at Fawlty Towers"</a>. BBC. 18 September 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sybil+back+at+Fawlty+Towers&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2006-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fdevon%2Fcontent%2Farticles%2F2006%2F08%2F10%2Ffawlty_towers_relaunch_feature.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Real_life-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Real_life_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Real_life_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2010/sep/16/sybil-fawlty-inspiration-dies">"Real-life Sybil Fawlty dies aged 95"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Real-life+Sybil+Fawlty+dies+aged+95&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftv-and-radio%2F2010%2Fsep%2F16%2Fsybil-fawlty-inspiration-dies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bonkers-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bonkers_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bonkers_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSavill2002" class="citation news cs1">Savill, Richard (18 May 2002). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1394580/Fawlty-hotelier-was-bonkers-says-waitress.html">"Fawlty hotelier was bonkers, says waitress"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1394580/Fawlty-hotelier-was-bonkers-says-waitress.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Fawlty+hotelier+was+bonkers%2C+says+waitress&rft.date=2002-05-18&rft.aulast=Savill&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F1394580%2FFawlty-hotelier-was-bonkers-says-waitress.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchillretirement.co.uk/grand-opening-at-torquay-retirement-development/">"Grand opening at Torquay retirement development"</a>. <i>Churchill Retirement Living</i>. 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Retrieved 24 February 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060624025257/http://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/guide/articles/d/doctoratlarge_7772270.shtml">Archived</a> 24 June 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-londontimes5_June_2009-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-londontimes5_June_2009_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-londontimes5_June_2009_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-londontimes5_June_2009_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090509074433/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/tv_and_radio/article6234702.ece">"John Cleese: BBC rejected first episode of Fawlty Towers"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newsvine5_June_2009-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newsvine5_June_2009_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarr2009" class="citation web cs1">Barr, Robert (6 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324122331/http://www.newsvine.com/_news/2009/05/06/2782020-john-cleese-recalls-golden-age-of-fawlty-towers">"John Cleese recalls golden age of 'Fawlty Towers'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Newsvine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsvine.com/_news/2009/05/06/2782020-john-cleese-recalls-golden-age-of-fawlty-towers">the original</a> on 24 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Cleese+recalls+golden+age+of+%27Fawlty+Towers%27&rft.pub=Newsvine&rft.date=2009-05-06&rft.aulast=Barr&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsvine.com%2F_news%2F2009%2F05%2F06%2F2782020-john-cleese-recalls-golden-age-of-fawlty-towers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGubler2008" class="citation book cs1">Gubler, Fritz (2008). <i>Waldorf hysteria: hotel manners, misbehaviour & minibars</i>. Great, Grand & Famous Hotels. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9804667-1-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9804667-1-3"><bdi>978-0-9804667-1-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Waldorf+hysteria%3A+hotel+manners%2C+misbehaviour+%26+minibars&rft.pub=Great%2C+Grand+%26+Famous+Hotels&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-9804667-1-3&rft.aulast=Gubler&rft.aufirst=Fritz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCann_2007-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCann_2007_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCann_2007_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCann2007">McCann 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/4776013.stm">"Sybil to return to Fawlty Towers"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 9 August 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Sybil+to+return+to+Fawlty+Towers&rft.date=2006-08-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fengland%2Fdevon%2F4776013.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/5355146.stm">"Fawlty star's red carpet welcome"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 18 September 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Fawlty+star%27s+red+carpet+welcome&rft.date=2006-09-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fengland%2Fdevon%2F5355146.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fawltysite.net/misc/wooburngrange.htm">Photographs of fire</a> at Fawltysite.net. Retrieved 14 June 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060519191450/http://www.fawltysite.net/wooburngrange.htm">Archived</a> 19 May 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-museumTV-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-museumTV_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-museumTV_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoddard" class="citation web cs1">Goddard, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130509120451/http://www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=fawltytowers">"FAWLTY TOWERS: British Situation Comedy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Broadcast_Communications" title="Museum of Broadcast Communications">Museum of Broadcast Communications</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/F/htmlF/fawltytowers/fawltytowers.htm">the original</a> on 9 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAWLTY+TOWERS%3A+British+Situation+Comedy&rft.pub=Museum+of+Broadcast+Communications&rft.aulast=Goddard&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.museum.tv%2Farchives%2Fetv%2FF%2FhtmlF%2Ffawltytowers%2Ffawltytowers.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bvtQHdnHqJI"><i>An Interview With John Cleese</i></a>, 31 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Interview+With+John+Cleese&rft.date=2016-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DbvtQHdnHqJI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCann (2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Independent-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_23-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/features/fawlty-towers-40th-anniversary-britains-finest-sitcom-was-tvs-most-perfectly-constructed-farce-10506552.html">"Fawlty Towers 40th anniversary: Britain's finest sitcom was TV's most perfectly constructed farce"</a>. <i>The Independent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers+40th+anniversary%3A+Britain%27s+finest+sitcom+was+TV%27s+most+perfectly+constructed+farce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Ftv%2Ffeatures%2Ffawlty-towers-40th-anniversary-britains-finest-sitcom-was-tvs-most-perfectly-constructed-farce-10506552.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/lists/Fawlty-Towers-20-of-Basils-best-rants/">"Fawlty Towers: 20 of Basil's best rants"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/lists/Fawlty-Towers-20-of-Basils-best-rants/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers%3A+20+of+Basil%27s+best+rants&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftravel%2Flists%2FFawlty-Towers-20-of-Basils-best-rants%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An Interview with John Cleese, DVD Special Programs, 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Cleese, VHS or DVD cast interview, 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Variety Club – Jewish Chronicle colour supplement "350 years"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>The Jewish Chronicle</i>. 15 December 2006. pp. 28–29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Variety+Club+%E2%80%93+Jewish+Chronicle+colour+supplement+%22350+years%22&rft.pages=28-29&rft.date=2006-12-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGómez_Tato2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gómez Tato, David (9 January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090603104423/http://dvdenlared.com/dvd/Fawlty%20Towers:%20Volumen%201/Analisis/20050109015234.html">"Fawlty Towers: Volumen 1"</a>. <i>DVDenlared</i> (in Spanish). Sync Intertainment S.L. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dvdenlared.com/dvd/Fawlty%20Towers:%20Volumen%201/Analisis/20050109015234.html">the original</a> on 3 June 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DVDenlared&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers%3A+Volumen+1&rft.date=2005-01-09&rft.aulast=G%C3%B3mez+Tato&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdvdenlared.com%2Fdvd%2FFawlty%2520Towers%3A%2520Volumen%25201%2FAnalisis%2F20050109015234.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCann2007">McCann 2007</a>, p. 204</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Slide1996-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Slide1996_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slide1996_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlide1996" class="citation book cs1">Slide, Anthony (1996). <i>Some Joe you don't know: an American biographical guide to 100 British television personalities</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-29550-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-29550-8"><bdi>978-0-313-29550-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Some+Joe+you+don%27t+know%3A+an+American+biographical+guide+to+100+British+television+personalities&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-313-29550-8&rft.aulast=Slide&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Terrace1985-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Terrace1985_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Terrace1985_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerrace1985" class="citation book cs1">Terrace, Vincent (1985). <i>Encyclopedia of Television Series, Pilots and Specials: 1974–1984</i>. VNR AG. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-918432-61-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-918432-61-8"><bdi>0-918432-61-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Television+Series%2C+Pilots+and+Specials%3A+1974%E2%80%931984&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=VNR+AG&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-918432-61-8&rft.aulast=Terrace&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-major-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-major_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawson2013" class="citation news cs1">Lawson, Mark (23 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/tvandradioblog/2013/jan/23/fawlty-towers-isnt-racist-major-gowen-is">"Fawlty Towers isn't racist. Major Gowen is"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers+isn%27t+racist.+Major+Gowen+is&rft.date=2013-01-23&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftv-and-radio%2Ftvandradioblog%2F2013%2Fjan%2F23%2Ffawlty-towers-isnt-racist-major-gowen-is&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBayha2009" class="citation book cs1">Bayha, Marlies (2009). <i>Extras und Co- Die Faszination der Groteske: Eine Untersuchung der komödiantischen Sch(m)erzgrenze in der britischen Fernsehserie</i>. GRIN Verlag. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-640-43074-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-640-43074-1"><bdi>978-3-640-43074-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Extras+und+Co-+Die+Faszination+der+Groteske%3A+Eine+Untersuchung+der+kom%C3%B6diantischen+Sch%28m%29erzgrenze+in+der+britischen+Fernsehserie&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=GRIN+Verlag&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-3-640-43074-1&rft.aulast=Bayha&rft.aufirst=Marlies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoster1975" class="citation news cs1">Foster, Paul (19 September 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=o21AAAAAIBAJ&pg=4600,3809655&dq=miss-tibbs+miss-gatsby&hl=en">"The war of the channel chuckles"</a>. <i>Evening Times</i>. p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Times&rft.atitle=The+war+of+the+channel+chuckles&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1975-09-19&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Do21AAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4600%2C3809655%26dq%3Dmiss-tibbs%2Bmiss-gatsby%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss1999" class="citation book cs1">Ross, Robert (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/montypythonencyc0000ross_f1a4"><i>Monty Python encyclopedia</i></a></span>. TV Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/montypythonencyc0000ross_f1a4/page/63">63</a>, 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57500-036-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57500-036-7"><bdi>978-1-57500-036-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Monty+Python+encyclopedia&rft.pages=63%2C+70&rft.pub=TV+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-57500-036-7&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmontypythonencyc0000ross_f1a4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrewe2005" class="citation book cs1">Grewe, Alexander (17 October 2005). <i>"I'm sick to death with you..." or External Character Conflicts in Fawlty Towers</i>. grin.com. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3239%2F9783638428859">10.3239/9783638428859</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-638-42885-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-638-42885-9"><bdi>978-3-638-42885-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22I%27m+sick+to+death+with+you...%22+or+External+Character+Conflicts+in+Fawlty+Towers&rft.pub=grin.com&rft.date=2005-10-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3239%2F9783638428859&rft.isbn=978-3-638-42885-9&rft.aulast=Grewe&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metro.co.uk/2015/02/11/remember-all-the-variations-on-the-fawlty-towers-hotel-sign-heres-a-quick-reminder-5058296/">"Remember all the variations on the Fawlty Towers hotel sign? Here's a quick reminder…"</a>. <i>Metro</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fawltysite.net/thirteenth-episode.htm">the original</a> on 3 April 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=fawltysite.net+%E2%80%93+Thirteenth+Episode&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fawltysite.net%2Fthirteenth-episode.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2005" class="citation web cs1">Young, Bill (4 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tellyspotting.kera.org/2005/12/04/13th-episode-of-fawlty-towers-basil-and-numerology-interview-with-lars-holger-holm-author-of-fawlty-towers-a-worshippers-companion/">"13th Episode Of Fawlty Towers? 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BT.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers%3A+10+things+you+never+knew+about+the+classic+British+sitcom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftv.bt.com%2Ftv%2Ftv-from-bt%2Ffawlty-towers-10-things-you-never-knew-about-the-classic-british-sitcom-11364229256131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerman2011" class="citation book cs1">Berman, Garry (2011). <i>Best of the Britcoms: From Fawlty Towers to The Office</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.prestel.co.uk/cello/Dinnerladiesisserved.htm">the original</a> on 8 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dinnerladies+is+served&rft.pub=Radio+Times&rft.aulast=Rees&rft.aufirst=Jasper&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.prestel.co.uk%2Fcello%2FDinnerladiesisserved.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-audience-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-audience_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080211064141/http://www.fawltysite.net/awards.htm">"Awards and audiences for Fawlty Towers"</a>. Fawltysite.net. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=John+Cleese+to+debut+%22Fawlty+Towers+Live%22+in+Australia+because+Brits+don%27t+like+him&rft.date=2016-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fentertainment%2Fstage%2Fjohn-cleese-to-debut-fawlty-towers-live-in-australia-because-brits-dont-like-him-20160321-gnng1l.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcIntosh2024" class="citation news cs1">McIntosh, Steven (2 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-68171380">"Fawlty Towers stage show heads to London's West End"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers+stage+show+heads+to+London%27s+West+End&rft.date=2024-02-02&rft.aulast=McIntosh&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fentertainment-arts-68171380&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunt2016" class="citation news cs1">Hunt, Elle (23 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2016/mar/23/john-cleese-may-sue-australian-theatre-company-over-fawlty-towers-rip-off">"John Cleese may sue Australian theatre company over Fawlty Towers rip-off"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+Cleese+may+sue+Australian+theatre+company+over+Fawlty+Towers+rip-off&rft.date=2016-03-23&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Elle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2F2016%2Fmar%2F23%2Fjohn-cleese-may-sue-australian-theatre-company-over-fawlty-towers-rip-off&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-35888084">"John Cleese may sue Fawlty Towers 'rip-off'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=John+Cleese+may+sue+Fawlty+Towers+%27rip-off%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-australia-35888084&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-variety_sequel-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-variety_sequel_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamachandran2023" class="citation magazine cs1">Ramachandran, Naman (7 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2023/global/news/fawlty-towers-revival-castle-rock-john-cleese-1235515583/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Fawlty Towers' Set for Revival at Castle Rock, With John Cleese, Camilla Cleese to Write and Star"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Variety Magazine">Variety Magazine</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety+Magazine&rft.atitle=%27Fawlty+Towers%27+Set+for+Revival+at+Castle+Rock%2C+With+John+Cleese%2C+Camilla+Cleese+to+Write+and+Star&rft.date=2023-02-07&rft.aulast=Ramachandran&rft.aufirst=Naman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2023%2Fglobal%2Fnews%2Ffawlty-towers-revival-castle-rock-john-cleese-1235515583%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3226032/john-cleese-polanski-coronation-rebooting-fawlty-towers-joining-gb-news-putin-impending-apocalypse">"The 'uncancellable' John Cleese on Polanski, Putin and the coming apocalypse"</a>. <i>South China Morning Post</i>. 1 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=The+%27uncancellable%27+John+Cleese+on+Polanski%2C+Putin+and+the+coming+apocalypse&rft.date=2023-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fmagazines%2Fstyle%2Fcelebrity%2Farticle%2F3226032%2Fjohn-cleese-polanski-coronation-rebooting-fawlty-towers-joining-gb-news-putin-impending-apocalypse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2023" class="citation news cs1">Lewis, Isobel (10 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/john-cleese-fawlty-towers-reboot-woke-b2279652.html">"John Cleese on prediction Fawlty Towers revival will be about 'wokery': 'The idea hadn't occurred to me'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Independent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=John+Cleese+on+prediction+Fawlty+Towers+revival+will+be+about+%27wokery%27%3A+%27The+idea+hadn%27t+occurred+to+me%27&rft.date=2023-02-10&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Isobel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fjohn-cleese-fawlty-towers-reboot-woke-b2279652.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/search/?q=fawlty+towers&type=all">"Discogs – Fawlty Towers"</a>. <i>Discogs</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discogs&rft.atitle=Discogs+%E2%80%93+Fawlty+Towers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discogs.com%2Fsearch%2F%3Fq%3Dfawlty%2Btowers%26type%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/John-Cleese-Connie-Booth-Andrew-Sachs-Prunella-Scales-Fawlty-Towers-Fawlty-Towers-The-Collectors-Edi/release/16986744">"Discogs – Fawlty Towers"</a>. <i>Discogs</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discogs&rft.atitle=Discogs+%E2%80%93+Fawlty+Towers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discogs.com%2FJohn-Cleese-Connie-Booth-Andrew-Sachs-Prunella-Scales-Fawlty-Towers-Fawlty-Towers-The-Collectors-Edi%2Frelease%2F16986744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://recordstoreday.com/UPC/5014797904286">"Fawlty Towers For The Record"</a>. <i>Record Store Day</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Record+Store+Day&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers+For+The+Record&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frecordstoreday.com%2FUPC%2F5014797904286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/LDFT7579"><i>Fawlty Towers Complete : John Cleese : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive</i></a>, 1975<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fawlty+Towers+Complete+%3A+John+Cleese+%3A+Free+Download%2C+Borrow%2C+and+Streaming+%3A+Internet+Archive&rft.date=1975&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FLDFT7579&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fawltysite.net/episodes/the_kipper_and_the_corpse.htm">"Fawlty Towers episode guide"</a>. <i>Fawltysite.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fawltysite.net&rft.atitle=Fawlty+Towers+episode+guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fawltysite.net%2Fepisodes%2Fthe_kipper_and_the_corpse.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCobbett2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Cobbett, Richard (19 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcgamer.com/saturday-crapshoot-fawlty-towers/">"Saturday Crapshoot: Fawlty Towers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer&rft.atitle=Saturday+Crapshoot%3A+Fawlty+Towers&rft.date=2013-10-19&rft.aulast=Cobbett&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcgamer.com%2Fsaturday-crapshoot-fawlty-towers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Complete Fawlty Towers</i>. <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/0413183904">0413183904</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Fawlty+Towers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Apter, Michael J. (1982), first published online in 2004. "Fawlty Towers: A Reversal Theory Analysis of A Popular Television Comedy Series". <i>The Journal of Popular Culture</i> (Blackwell Publishing) <b>16</b> (3): 128–138.</li> <li>Bright, Morris; Robert Ross (2001). <i>Fawlty Towers: Fully Booked</i>. London: BBC Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-563-53439-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-563-53439-7">0-563-53439-7</a>.</li> <li>Cleese, John; Connie Booth (1988). <i>The Complete Fawlty Towers</i>. London: Methuen. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-413-18390-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-413-18390-4">0-413-18390-4</a>.</li> <li>Dalla Costa, Dario (2004). <i>The Complexities of Farce: With a Case Study on Fawlty Towers </i>. Unpublished Master's thesis, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/files/3238761/Costa_Dario_Dalla_2004.pdf">http://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/files/3238761/Costa_Dario_Dalla_2004.pdf</a></li> <li>Holm, Lars Holger (2004). <i>Fawlty Towers: A Worshipper's Companion</i>. London: Leo Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/91-973661-8-8" title="Special:BookSources/91-973661-8-8">91-973661-8-8</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCann2007" class="citation book cs1">McCann, Graham (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175646271"><i>Fawlty Towers : the story of the sitcom</i></a>. London: Hodder & Stoughton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-340-89811-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-340-89811-6"><bdi>978-0-340-89811-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/175646271">175646271</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fawlty+Towers+%3A+the+story+of+the+sitcom&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hodder+%26+Stoughton&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F175646271&rft.isbn=978-0-340-89811-6&rft.aulast=McCann&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F175646271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawlty+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawlty_Towers&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Fawlty_Towers" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Fawlty Towers">Fawlty Towers</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0072500/"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/guide/articles/f/fawltytowers_7772600.shtml">Fawlty Towers</a> at <a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006xxvg"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212731#P827" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080422060339/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/series/7506"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/459034/"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">BFI</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Screenonline" title="Screenonline">Screenonline</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060629072455/http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/F/htmlF/fawltytowers/fawltytowers.htm"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Broadcast_Communications" title="Museum of Broadcast Communications">MBC</a>'s Encyclopedia of Television</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comedy.co.uk/tv/fawlty_towers/"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/British_Comedy_Guide" title="British Comedy Guide">British Comedy Guide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epguides.com/FawltyTowers/"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Epguides" title="Epguides">epguides.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/LDFT7579"><i>Fawlty Towers</i></a> - All Episodes edited together at <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefawltytowersguide.co.uk/fawltytowerscharacters.htm"><i>Fawlty Towers</i> Guest Characters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141102175728/http://www.thefawltytowersguide.co.uk/fawltytowerscharacters.htm">Archived</a> 2 November 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fawlty_Towers" title="Template:Fawlty Towers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fawlty_Towers" title="Template talk:Fawlty Towers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fawlty_Towers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fawlty Towers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fawlty_Towers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fawlty Towers</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basil_Fawlty" title="Basil Fawlty">Basil Fawlty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybil_Fawlty" title="Sybil Fawlty">Sybil Fawlty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_(Fawlty_Towers)" title="Manuel (Fawlty Towers)">Manuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polly_Sherman" title="Polly Sherman">Polly Sherman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Episodes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Hotel_Inspectors" title="The Hotel Inspectors">The Hotel Inspectors</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Germans" title="The Germans">The Germans</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Salad_(Fawlty_Towers)" title="Waldorf Salad (Fawlty Towers)">Waldorf Salad</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Remakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanda%27s" title="Amanda's">Amanda's</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Payne_(TV_series)" title="Payne (TV series)">Payne</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gleneagles_Hotel,_Torquay" title="Gleneagles Hotel, Torquay">Gleneagles Hotel, Torquay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Sinclair_(hotel_owner)" title="Donald Sinclair (hotel owner)">Donald Sinclair</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #DFDFC8"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BAFTA_TV_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" title="Template:BAFTA TV Award for Best Scripted Comedy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BAFTA_TV_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" title="Template talk:BAFTA TV Award for Best Scripted Comedy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA_TV_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA TV Award for Best Scripted Comedy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Scripted_Comedy" title="British Academy Television Award for Best Scripted Comedy">British Academy Television Award for Best Scripted Comedy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DFDFC8;width:1%">1973–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/My_Wife_Next_Door" title="My Wife Next Door">My Wife Next Door</a></i> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Whatever_Happened_to_the_Likely_Lads%3F" title="Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads?">Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads?</a></i> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Porridge_(1974_TV_series)" title="Porridge (1974 TV series)">Porridge</a></i> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fawlty Towers</a></i> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Porridge_(1974_TV_series)" title="Porridge (1974 TV series)">Porridge</a></i> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rising_Damp" title="Rising Damp">Rising Damp</a></i> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Going_Straight" title="Going Straight">Going Straight</a></i> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fawlty Towers</a></i> (1980)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DFDFC8;width:1%">2000–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Royle_Family" title="The Royle Family">The Royle Family</a></i> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Books" title="Black Books">Black Books</a></i> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Office_(British_TV_series)" title="The Office (British TV series)">The Office</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Office_(British_TV_series)" title="The Office (British TV series)">The Office</a></i> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Office_(British_TV_series)" title="The Office (British TV series)">The Office Christmas Special</a></i> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Books" title="Black Books">Black Books</a></i> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thick_of_It" title="The Thick of It">The Thick of It</a></i> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Royle_Family" title="The Royle Family">The Royle Family - The Queen of Sheba</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Peep_Show_(British_TV_series)" title="Peep Show (British TV series)">Peep Show</a></i> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_IT_Crowd" title="The IT Crowd">The IT Crowd</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thick_of_It" title="The Thick of It">The Thick of It</a></i> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rev._(TV_series)" title="Rev. (TV series)">Rev</a></i> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Brown%27s_Boys" title="Mrs. Brown's Boys">Mrs. Brown's Boys</a></i> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Twenty_Twelve" title="Twenty Twelve">Twenty Twelve</a></i> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Him_%26_Her" title="Him & Her">Him & Her: The Wedding</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Detectorists" title="Detectorists">Detectorists</a></i> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kay%27s_Car_Share" title="Peter Kay's Car Share">Peter Kay's Car Share</a></i> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/People_Just_Do_Nothing" title="People Just Do Nothing">People Just Do Nothing</a></i> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/This_Country" title="This Country">This Country</a></i> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sally4Ever" title="Sally4Ever">Sally4Ever</a></i> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Stath_Lets_Flats" title="Stath Lets Flats">Stath Lets Flats</a></i> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Inside_No._9" title="Inside No. 9">Inside No. 9</a></i> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Motherland_(TV_series)" title="Motherland (TV series)">Motherland</a></i> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Derry_Girls" title="Derry Girls">Derry Girls</a></i> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Such_Brave_Girls" title="Such Brave Girls">Such Brave Girls</a></i> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #DFDFC8"><div>Between 1981–1999, scripted comedy competed alongside <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Comedy_(Programme_or_Series)" title="British Academy Television Award for Best Comedy (Programme or Series)">Best Comedy Programme or Series</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212731#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212731#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212731#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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