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</ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products_and_patents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products_and_patents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Products and patents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Products_and_patents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Environmental record </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Environmental_record-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Environmental record subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Environmental_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"Forever_chemicals"_water_pollution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Forever_chemicals"_water_pollution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 "Forever chemicals" water pollution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Forever_chemicals"_water_pollution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carbon_footprint" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carbon_footprint"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Carbon footprint </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carbon_footprint-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earplug_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earplug_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Earplug controversy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earplug_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-N95_respirators_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#N95_respirators_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 N95 respirators and the COVID-19 pandemic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-N95_respirators_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operating_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operating_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Operating facilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operating_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle See also subsection </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">3M</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" > 42 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%85" title="ثري إم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ثري إم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85" title="تری‌ام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تری‌ام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A9%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE" title="३एम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="३एम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A9%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE" title="३एम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="३एम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1" title="3เอ็ม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="3เอ็ม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/3_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85" title="3 ایم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="3 ایم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="3M公司 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="3M公司" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M" title="3M – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="3M" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="3M公司 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="3M公司" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q159433#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American multinational corporation</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/3M_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="3M (disambiguation)">3M (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">3M Company</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:3M_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/3M_wordmark.svg/175px-3M_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/3M_wordmark.svg/263px-3M_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/3M_wordmark.svg/350px-3M_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="158" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:3-M_Building_Maplewood_MN1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/3-M_Building_Maplewood_MN1.jpg/250px-3-M_Building_Maplewood_MN1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/3-M_Building_Maplewood_MN1.jpg/375px-3-M_Building_Maplewood_MN1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/3-M_Building_Maplewood_MN1.jpg/500px-3-M_Building_Maplewood_MN1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4644" data-file-height="2979" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">3M headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Maplewood,_Minnesota" title="Maplewood, Minnesota">Maplewood, Minnesota</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company (1902–2002)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">NYSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyse.com/quote/XNYS:MMM">MMM</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" title="Dow Jones Industrial Average">DJIA</a> component</li><li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_100" title="S&P 100">S&P 100</a> component</li><li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_500" title="S&P 500">S&P 500</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number" title="International Securities Identification Number">ISIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="external text" href="https://isin.toolforge.org/?language=en&isin=US88579Y1010">US88579Y1010</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)" title="Conglomerate (company)">Conglomerate</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">June 13, 1902; 122 years ago (1902-06-13) in <a href="/wiki/Two_Harbors,_Minnesota" title="Two Harbors, Minnesota">Two Harbors, Minnesota</a>, U.S.<a href="#cite_note-3MCite-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>J. Danley Budd</li><li>Henry S. Bryan</li><li>William A. McGonagle</li><li>John Dwan</li><li>Hermon W. Cable</li><li>Charles Simmons<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Maplewood,_Minnesota" title="Maplewood, Minnesota">Maplewood, Minnesota</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/William_M._Brown_(businessman)" title="William M. Brown (businessman)">William M. Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>32.68 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$−9.13 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$−6.99 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$50.58 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$4.87 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 85,000 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://3m.com">3m.com</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Footnotes / references <a href="#cite_note-3M23-4">[4]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> 3M Company (originally the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company) is an American <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)" title="Conglomerate (company)">conglomerate</a> operating in the fields of industry, worker safety, and consumer goods.<a href="#cite_note-vault-5">[5]</a> The company produces over 60,000 products under several brands,<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> including <a href="/wiki/Adhesive" title="Adhesive">adhesives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abrasive" title="Abrasive">abrasives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lamination" title="Lamination">laminates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Passive_fire_protection" title="Passive fire protection">passive fire protection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Personal_protective_equipment" title="Personal protective equipment">personal protective equipment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Window_film" title="Window film">window films</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paint_protection_film" title="Paint protection film">paint protection film</a>, electrical, electronic connecting, insulating materials, car-care products,<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Electronic_circuits" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic circuits">electronic circuits</a>, and optical films.<a href="#cite_note-3MWHO-8">[8]</a> It is based in <a href="/wiki/Maplewood,_Minnesota" title="Maplewood, Minnesota">Maplewood</a>, a suburb of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> 3M made $35.4 billion in total sales in 2021 and ranked number 102 in the <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> As of 2021<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit">[update]</a>, the company had approximately 95,000 employees and operations in more than 70 countries.<a href="#cite_note-3M21-11">[11]</a> There are a few international subsidiaries, such as 3M India, 3M Japan, and 3M Canada.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> In June 2023, 3M reached a settlement to pay more than $10 billion to US public water systems to resolve claims over the company's contamination of water with <a href="/wiki/Per-_and_polyfluoroalkyl_substances" title="Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances">PFASs</a> (so-called forever chemicals).<a href="#cite_note-:3-13">[13]</a> It has been revealed that the company knew of the health harms of PFAS in the 1990s, yet concealed these harms and continues to sell contaminated products.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> Five businessmen founded the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company as a mining venture in <a href="/wiki/Two_Harbors,_Minnesota" title="Two Harbors, Minnesota">Two Harbors, Minnesota</a>, making their first sale on June 13, 1902.<a href="#cite_note-3MCite-1">[1]</a> The goal was to mine <a href="/wiki/Corundum" title="Corundum">corundum</a>, but this failed because the mine's mineral holdings were <a href="/wiki/Anorthosite" title="Anorthosite">anorthosite</a>, which had no commercial value. Co-founder John Dwan solicited funds in exchange for stock and Edgar Ober and <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Pond_Ordway" title="Lucius Pond Ordway">Lucius Ordway</a> took over the company in 1905. The company moved to <a href="/wiki/Duluth,_Minnesota" title="Duluth, Minnesota">Duluth</a> and began researching and producing <a href="/wiki/Sandpaper" title="Sandpaper">sandpaper</a> products. <a href="/wiki/William_L._McKnight" title="William L. McKnight">William L. McKnight</a>, later a key executive, joined the company in 1907, and <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Bush" title="Archibald Bush">A. G. Bush</a> joined in 1909. 3M finally became financially stable in 1916 and was able to pay <a href="/wiki/Dividend" title="Dividend">dividends</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CPS-16">[16]</a> The company moved to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul</a> in 1910, where it remained for 52 years before outgrowing the campus and moving to its current headquarters at 3M Center in <a href="/wiki/Maplewood,_Minnesota" title="Maplewood, Minnesota">Maplewood, Minnesota</a>, in 1962.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3M_Museum_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/3M_Museum_2013.jpg/220px-3M_Museum_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/3M_Museum_2013.jpg/330px-3M_Museum_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/3M_Museum_2013.jpg/440px-3M_Museum_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1628" data-file-height="1178" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/John_Dwan_Office_Building" title="John Dwan Office Building">John Dwan Office Building</a>, where 3M was founded, now a museum</figcaption></figure> In 1947, 3M began producing <a href="/wiki/Perfluorooctanoic_acid" title="Perfluorooctanoic acid">perfluorooctanoic acid</a> (PFOA) by <a href="/wiki/Electrochemical_fluorination" title="Electrochemical fluorination">electrochemical fluorination</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Prevedouros2006-18">[18]</a> In 1951, <a href="/wiki/DuPont_(1802%E2%80%932017)" class="mw-redirect" title="DuPont (1802–2017)">DuPont</a> purchased PFOA from then-Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company for use in the manufacturing of <a href="/wiki/Teflon" class="mw-redirect" title="Teflon">teflon</a>, a product that brought DuPont a billion-dollar-a-year profit by the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_jan_2016-19">[19]</a> DuPont referred to PFOA as C8.<a href="#cite_note-Emmett2006-20">[20]</a> The original formula for <a href="/wiki/Scotchgard" title="Scotchgard">Scotchgard</a>, a water repellent applied to fabrics, was discovered accidentally in 1952 by 3M chemists <a href="/wiki/Patsy_Sherman" class="mw-redirect" title="Patsy Sherman">Patsy Sherman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Smith_(chemist)" title="Samuel Smith (chemist)">Samuel Smith</a>. Sales began in 1956, and in 1973 the two chemists received a <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patent</a> for the formula.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In the late 1950s, 3M produced the first <a href="/wiki/Asthma_inhaler" class="mw-redirect" title="Asthma inhaler">asthma inhaler</a>,<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> but the company did not enter the pharmaceutical industry until the mid-1960s with the acquisition of Riker Laboratories, moving it from California to Minnesota.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> 3M retained the Riker Laboratories name for the subsidiary until at least 1985.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In the mid-1990s, 3M Pharmaceuticals, as the division came to be called, produced the first <a href="/wiki/Chlorofluorocarbon" title="Chlorofluorocarbon">CFC</a>-free asthma inhaler in response to adoption of the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Protocol" title="Montreal Protocol">Montreal Protocol</a> by the United States.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In the 1980s and 1990s, the company spent fifteen years developing a <a href="/wiki/Topical_cream" class="mw-redirect" title="Topical cream">topical cream</a> delivery technology which led in 1997 to health authority approval and marketing of a <a href="/wiki/Symptomatic_treatment" title="Symptomatic treatment">symptomatic treatment</a> for <a href="/wiki/Genital_wart" title="Genital wart">genital warts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imiquimod" title="Imiquimod">Aldara</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> 3M divested its pharmaceutical unit through three deals in 2006, netting more than US$2 billion.<a href="#cite_note-:0-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> At the time, 3M Pharmaceuticals comprised about 20% of 3M's healthcare business and employed just over a thousand people.<a href="#cite_note-:0-30">[30]</a> By the 1970s, 3M developed a <a href="/wiki/Theatrical_blood" title="Theatrical blood">theatrical blood</a> formula based on red colorfast <a href="/wiki/Microbead" title="Microbead">microbeads</a> suspended in a carrier liquid.<a href="#cite_note-Theatre_Crafts-32">[32]</a> This stage blood was sold as Nextel Simulated Blood<a href="#cite_note-Theatre_Crafts-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-3M_blood_Tweet-33">[33]</a> and was used during the production of the 1978 film <a href="/wiki/Dawn_of_the_Dead_(1978_film)" title="Dawn of the Dead (1978 film)">Dawn of the Dead</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> It has since been discontinued.<a href="#cite_note-3M_blood_Tweet-33">[33]</a> In the late 1970s, 3M Mincom was involved in some of the first <a href="/wiki/Digital_audio" title="Digital audio">digital audio</a> recordings to see commercial release when a prototype machine was brought to the <a href="/wiki/Sound_80" title="Sound 80">Sound 80</a> studios in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>. In 1979 3M introduced a digital audio recording system called "3M Digital Audio Mastering System".<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In 1980, the company acquired <a href="/wiki/Comtal" title="Comtal">Comtal</a>, a manufacturer of <a href="/wiki/Digital_image_processing" title="Digital image processing">digital image processors</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> 3M launched "Press 'n Peel" a sticky <a href="/wiki/Bookmark" title="Bookmark">bookmark</a> page holder in stores in four cities in 1977, but the results were disappointing.<a href="#cite_note-FT-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-2ndchance-38">[38]</a> A year later 3M instead issued free samples of it as a <a href="/wiki/Sticky_note" class="mw-redirect" title="Sticky note">sticky note</a> directly to consumers in <a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, Idaho</a>, with 95% of those who tried them indicating they would buy the product.<a href="#cite_note-FT-37">[37]</a> The product was sold as "<a href="/wiki/Post-It_Note" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-It Note">Post-Its</a>" in 1979 when the rollout introduction began,<a href="#cite_note-nyt10-39">[39]</a> and was sold across the United States<a href="#cite_note-nyt10-39">[39]</a> from April 6, 1980.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The following year they were launched in Canada and Europe.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> On April 8, 2002, 3M's 100th anniversary, the company changed its legal name to "3M Company".<a href="#cite_note-3M_timeline-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> On September 8, 2008, 3M announced an agreement to acquire Meguiar's, a car-care products company that was family-owned for over a century.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> In August 2010, 3M acquired <a href="/wiki/Cogent_Systems" title="Cogent Systems">Cogent Systems</a> for $943 million,<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> and on October 13, 2010, 3M completed acquisition of Arizant Inc.<a href="#cite_note-htanna-46">[46]</a> In December 2011, 3M completed the acquisition of the Winterthur Technology Group, a bonded abrasives company. As of 2012, 3M was one of the 30 companies included in the <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" title="Dow Jones Industrial Average">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a>, added on August 9, 1976, and was 97 on the 2011 <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> list.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> On January 3, 2012, it was announced that the Office and Consumer Products Division of <a href="/wiki/Avery_Dennison" title="Avery Dennison">Avery Dennison</a> was being bought by 3M for $550 million.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The transaction was canceled by 3M in September 2012 amid antitrust concerns.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In May 2013, 3M sold <a href="/wiki/Scientific_Anglers" title="Scientific Anglers">Scientific Anglers</a> and Ross Reels to <a href="/wiki/Orvis" title="Orvis">Orvis</a>. Ross Reels had been acquired by 3M in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-Anderson-50">[50]</a> In March 2017, 3M purchased Johnson Controls International Plc's safety gear business, Scott Safety, for $2 billion.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 2017, 3M had net sales for the year of $31.657 billion, up from $30.109 billion the year before.<a href="#cite_note-Yahoo_Finance_3M-52">[52]</a> In 2018, it was reported that the company would pay $850 million to end the Minnesota water pollution case concerning <a href="/wiki/Perfluorinated_compound" title="Perfluorinated compound">perfluorochemicals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_on_Pollution-53">[53]</a> On May 25, 2018, <a href="/wiki/Michael_F._Roman" title="Michael F. Roman">Michael F. Roman</a> was appointed CEO by the board of directors.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> On December 19, 2018, 3M announced it had entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the technology business of M*Modal, for a total enterprise value of $1.0 billion.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> In October 2019, 3M purchased <a href="/wiki/Acelity" title="Acelity">Acelity</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_Concepts" title="Kinetic Concepts">KCI</a> subsidiaries for $6.7 billion, including assumption of debt and other adjustments.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> On May 1, 2020, 3M divested substantially all of its drug delivery business to an affiliate of Altaris Capital Partners, LLC. for approximately $650 million, including a 17% interest in the new operating company, Kindeva Drug Delivery.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> In December 2021, 3M announced that it would merge its food-safety business with food testing and animal healthcare products maker <a href="/wiki/Neogen" title="Neogen">Neogen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reuters_1221-58">[58]</a> The deal, with an enterprise value of about $5.3 billion,<a href="#cite_note-reuters_1221-58">[58]</a> closed in September 2022.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> In July 2022, the company announced it would spin off its healthcare assets to form a new, independent firm, likely completing the transaction in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-bloomberg_0722-60">[60]</a> 3M will retain an ownership stake of 19.9% in the new, publicly-traded health care company and gradually divest the holdings.<a href="#cite_note-bloomberg_0722-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnbc_0722-61">[61]</a> The company will be known as <a href="/wiki/Solventum" title="Solventum">Solventum Corporation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In December 2022, the company announced plans to stop producing and using so-called <a href="/wiki/Forever_chemicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Forever chemicals">forever chemicals</a> (per and polyfluoroalkyl<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a>), which have been commonly used in items such as food packaging, cellphones, nonstick pans, firefighting foams, and clothing. These chemicals are well known for their water-resistant and nonstick properties, but they are also dangerous pollutants that are linked to serious health problems, including ulcerative colitis and cancer.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> The move comes as governments in the Netherlands and the United States consider actions against 3M.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In March 2024, 3M announced the appointment of <a href="/wiki/William_M._Brown_(businessman)" title="William M. Brown (businessman)">William "Bill" Brown</a> as chief executive officer to take effect on May 1, 2024. <a href="/wiki/Michael_F._Roman" title="Michael F. Roman">Michael Roman</a> would remain in the role of executive chairman. Brown, 61, is the former chairman of the board and chief executive officer of <a href="/wiki/L3Harris" title="L3Harris">L3Harris Technologies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products_and_patents">Products and patents</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Products and patents">edit</a>]</div> As of 2019, 3M produces approximately 60,000 products,<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> and has four business groups focused on <a href="/wiki/Safety" title="Safety">safety</a> and industrial, transportation and electronics, <a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">health care</a>, and consumer products.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> 3M obtained its first patent in 1924 and acquires approximately 3,000 new patents annually. The company surpassed the 100,000-patent threshold in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_record">Environmental record</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Environmental record">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Target_Plaza_South.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Target_Plaza_South.jpg/170px-Target_Plaza_South.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Target_Plaza_South.jpg/255px-Target_Plaza_South.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Target_Plaza_South.jpg/340px-Target_Plaza_South.jpg 2x" data-file-width="487" data-file-height="657" /></a><figcaption>The Target Light System, built by 3M at <a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target</a> headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></figcaption></figure> 3M's Pollution Prevention Pays (3P) program was established in 1975. The program initially focused on pollution reduction at the plant level and was expanded to promote recycling and reduce waste across all divisions in 1989. By the early 1990s, approximately 2,500 3P projects decreased the company's total global pollutant generation by 50 percent and saved 3M $500–600 million by eliminating the production of waste requiring subsequent treatment.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In 1983, the <a href="/wiki/Oakdale_Dump" title="Oakdale Dump">Oakdale Dump</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oakdale,_Minnesota" title="Oakdale, Minnesota">Oakdale, Minnesota</a>, was listed as an EPA <a href="/wiki/Superfund" title="Superfund">Superfund</a> site after significant <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soil" title="Soil">soil</a> <a href="/wiki/Contamination" title="Contamination">contamination</a> by <a href="/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound" title="Volatile organic compound">VOCs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metals" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy metals">heavy metals</a> was uncovered.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The Oakdale Dump was a 3M dumping site utilized through the 1940s and 1950s. During the 1990s and 2000s, 3M reduced releases of toxic pollutants by 99 percent and greenhouse gas emissions by 72 percent. As of 2012, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a> (EPA) had awarded 3M with the <a href="/wiki/Energy_Star" title="Energy Star">Energy Star</a> Award each year that it has been presented.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Forever_chemicals"_water_pollution">"Forever chemicals" water pollution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: "Forever chemicals" water pollution">edit</a>]</div> In 1999, the EPA began investigating <a href="/wiki/Perfluorinated_compound" title="Perfluorinated compound">perfluorinated chemicals</a> after receiving data on the global distribution and toxicity of <a href="/wiki/Perfluorooctanesulfonic_acid" title="Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid">perfluorooctanesulfonic acid</a> (PFOS).<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> These materials are part of a broad group of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances often referred to as <a href="/wiki/Per-_and_polyfluoroalkyl_substances" title="Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances">PFAS</a>, each of which has different chemical properties.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> 3M, the former primary producer of PFOS from the U.S., announced the phase-out of PFOS, <a href="/wiki/Perfluorooctanoic_acid" title="Perfluorooctanoic acid">perfluorooctanoic acid</a>, and PFOS-related product production in May 2000.<a href="#cite_note-3M08-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fellner-80">[80]</a> Perfluorinated compounds produced by 3M have been used in non-stick cookware, stain-resistant fabrics, and other products. The <a href="/wiki/Cottage_Grove,_Minnesota" title="Cottage Grove, Minnesota">Cottage Grove</a> facility manufactured PFAS from the 1940s to 2002.<a href="#cite_note-health.state.mn.us-81">[81]</a> In response to PFAS contamination of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> and surrounding area, 3M stated the area will be "cleaned through a combination of <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a> pump-out wells and soil sediment excavation." The restoration plan was based on an analysis of the company property and surrounding lands.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The on-site water treatment facility that handled the plant's post-production water was not capable of removing PFAS, which were released into the nearby Mississippi River.<a href="#cite_note-health.state.mn.us-81">[81]</a> The clean-up cost estimate, which included a granular activated carbon system to remove PFAS from the ground water was $50 to $56 million,<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> funded from a $147 million environmental reserve set aside in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> In 2008, 3M created the Renewable Energy Division within 3M's Industrial and Transportation Business to focus on Energy Generation and Energy Management.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> In late 2010, the state of Minnesota sued 3M for $5 billion in punitive damages, claiming they released <a href="/wiki/Perfluorinated_compound" title="Perfluorinated compound">PFCs</a>—classified a toxic chemical by the EPA—into local waterways.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> A settlement for $850 million was reached in February 2018.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fellner-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fellner1-89">[89]</a> In 2019, 3M, along with the <a href="/wiki/Chemours" title="Chemours">Chemours</a> Company and <a href="/wiki/DuPont" title="DuPont">DuPont</a>, appeared before lawmakers to deny responsibility, with company Senior VP of Corporate Affairs Denise Rutherford arguing that the chemicals pose no human health threats at current levels and that there were no victims.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> In 2021, research had determined that 3M's <a href="/wiki/Zwijndrecht,_Belgium" title="Zwijndrecht, Belgium">Zwijndrecht (Belgium)</a> factory caused <a href="/wiki/Perfluorooctanesulfonic_acid" title="Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid">PFOS</a> pollution that may be contaminating agricultural products within a 15 kilometer radius of the plant which includes <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Government" title="Flemish Government">Flemish Government</a> has paid 63 million euros for cleanup costs so far with 3M contributing 75,000 euros.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> The Flemish Government issued measures advising against the consumption of, for example, home-grown eggs within a radius of 5 kilometers.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> In 2023, 3M reached an agreement to pay a $10.3bn settlement with numerous US public water systems to resolve thousands of lawsuits over <a href="/wiki/PFAS" class="mw-redirect" title="PFAS">PFAS</a> contamination.<a href="#cite_note-:3-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carbon_footprint">Carbon footprint</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Carbon footprint">edit</a>]</div> 3M reported Total <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">CO2e emissions</a> (Direct + Indirect) for the twelve months ending December 31, 2020, at 5,280 Kt (-550 /-9.4% y-o-y)<a href="#cite_note-3M_Total_CO2e_emissions_for_2020Q4-95">[95]</a> and plans to reduce emissions 50% by 2030 from a 2019 base year.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> The company also aims achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>3M's annual Total CO2e Emissions – Location-Based Scope 1 + Scope 2 (in kilotonnes) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Dec 2014</th> <th>Dec 2015</th> <th>Dec 2016</th> <th>Dec 2017</th> <th>Dec 2018</th> <th>Dec 2019</th> <th>Dec 2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td>6,630<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></td> <td>5,630<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a></td> <td>5,980<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></td> <td>5,840<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a></td> <td>6,650<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a></td> <td>5,830<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></td> <td>5,280<a href="#cite_note-3M_Total_CO2e_emissions_for_2020Q4-95">[95]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Earplug_controversy">Earplug controversy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Earplug controversy">edit</a>]</div> The Combat Arms Earplugs, Version 2 (CAEv2), was developed by Aearo Technologies for U.S. military and civilian use. The CAEv2 was a double ended earplug that 3M claimed would offer users different levels of protection.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Between 2003 and 2015, these earplugs were standard issue to members of the U.S. military.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> 3M acquired Aearo Technologies in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> In May 2016, Moldex-Metric, Inc., a 3M competitor, filed a <a href="/wiki/Whistleblowing" title="Whistleblowing">whistleblower</a> complaint against 3M under the <a href="/wiki/False_Claims_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="False Claims Act">False Claims Act</a>. Moldex-Metric claimed that 3M made false claims to the U.S. government about the safety of its earplugs and that it knew the earplugs had an inherently defective design.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> In 2018, 3M agreed to pay $9.1 million to the U.S. government to resolve the allegations, without admitting liability.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Since 2018, more than 140,000 former users of the earplugs (primarily U.S. military veterans) have filed suit against 3M claiming they suffer from hearing loss, tinnitus, and other damage as a consequence of the defective design.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Internal emails showed that 3M officials boasted about charging $7.63 per piece for the earplugs which cost 85 cents to produce. The company's official response indicated that the cost to the government includes R&D costs.<a href="#cite_note-:1-110">[110]</a> 3M settled close to 260,000 lawsuits in August 2023 by agreeing to pay $6 billion to current and former U.S. military members who were affected.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="N95_respirators_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic">N95 respirators and the COVID-19 pandemic</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: N95 respirators and the COVID-19 pandemic">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/N95_respirator" title="N95 respirator">N95 respirator</a> mask was developed by 3M and approved in 1972.<a href="#cite_note-:62-112">[112]</a> Due to its ability to filter viral particulates, its use was recommended during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> but supply soon became short.<a href="#cite_note-:62-112">[112]</a> Much of the company's supply had already been sold prior to the outbreak.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The shortages led to the U.S. government asking 3M to stop exporting US-made N95 respirator masks to Canada and to Latin American countries,<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> invoked the <a href="/wiki/Defense_Production_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Production Act">Defense Production Act</a> to require 3M to prioritize orders from the federal government.<a href="#cite_note-:2-115">[115]</a> The dispute was resolved when 3M agreed to import more respirators, mostly from its factories in China.<a href="#cite_note-:2-115">[115]</a> 3M later struck a <a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CA$</a>70M deal with the federal government of Canada and the <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> provincial government to produce N95 masks at their plant in <a href="/wiki/Brockville,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Brockville, Ontario">Brockville</a>, Ontario.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operating_facilities">Operating facilities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Operating facilities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3Mwatertower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/3Mwatertower.jpg/170px-3Mwatertower.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/3Mwatertower.jpg/255px-3Mwatertower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/3Mwatertower.jpg/340px-3Mwatertower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2257" data-file-height="3161" /></a><figcaption>Former 3M facility in St. Paul, Minnesota</figcaption></figure> 3M's general offices, corporate research laboratories, and some division laboratories in the U.S. are in St. Paul, Minnesota. In the United States, 3M operates 80 manufacturing facilities in 29 <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">states</a>, and 125 manufacturing and converting facilities in 37 countries outside the U.S. (in 2017).<a href="#cite_note-Annual2017-117">[117]</a> During March 2016, 3M completed a 400,000-square-foot (37,000 m2) research-and-development building on its Maplewood campus that cost $150 million. Seven hundred scientists from various divisions occupy the building. They were previously scattered across the campus. 3M hopes concentrating its research and development in this manner will improve collaboration. 3M received $9.6 million in local <a href="/wiki/Tax_increment_financing" title="Tax increment financing">tax increment financing</a> and relief from state sales taxes in order to assist with development of the building.<a href="#cite_note-DePass-118">[118]</a> Selected factory detail information: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynthiana,_Kentucky" title="Cynthiana, Kentucky">Cynthiana</a>, Kentucky, U.S. factory producing <a href="/wiki/Post-it_Note" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-it Note">Post-it Notes</a> (672 <a href="/wiki/Stock_keeping_unit" title="Stock keeping unit">SKU</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Scotch_Tape" title="Scotch Tape">Scotch Tape</a> (147 SKU). It has 539 employees and was established in 1969.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_Aycliffe" title="Newton Aycliffe">Newton Aycliffe</a>, County Durham, UK factory producing respirators for workers safety using laser technology. It has 370 employees.</li> <li>In Minnesota, 3M's <a href="/wiki/Hutchinson,_Minnesota" title="Hutchinson, Minnesota">Hutchinson</a> facility produces products for more than half of the company's 23 divisions, as of 2019.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> The "super hub" has manufactured <a href="/wiki/Adhesive_bandage" title="Adhesive bandage">adhesive bandages</a> for <a href="/wiki/Nexcare" title="Nexcare">Nexcare</a>, furnace filters, and Scotch Tape, among other products.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Cottage_Grove,_Minnesota" title="Cottage Grove, Minnesota">Cottage Grove</a> plant is one of three operated by 3M for the production of pad conditioners, as of 2011.<a href="#cite_note-Cable-123">[123]</a></li> <li>3M has operated a manufacturing plant in <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Missouri" title="Columbia, Missouri">Columbia</a>, Missouri since 1970. The plant has been used for the production of products including electronic components <a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> solar and <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreen</a> films, and <a href="/wiki/Stethoscope" title="Stethoscope">stethoscopes</a>. The facility received a $20 million expansion in 2012 and has approximately 400 employees.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a></li> <li>3M opened the <a href="/wiki/Brookings,_South_Dakota" title="Brookings, South Dakota">Brookings</a>, South Dakota plant in 1971,<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> and announced a $70 million expansion in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> The facility manufactures more than 1,700 health care products and employs 1,100 people, as of 2018, making the plant 3M's largest focused on health care.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Mask production at the site increased during the <a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" title="2009 swine flu pandemic">2009 swine flu pandemic</a>, <a href="/wiki/2002%E2%80%932004_SARS_outbreak" title="2002–2004 SARS outbreak">2002–2004 SARS outbreak</a>, <a href="/wiki/2018_California_wildfires" title="2018 California wildfires">2018 California wildfires</a>, <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Australian_bushfire_season" title="2019–20 Australian bushfire season">2019–20 Australian bushfire season</a>, and <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a></li> <li>3M's <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield</a>, Missouri plant opened in 1967 and makes industrial adhesives and tapes for <a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">aerospace manufacturers</a>. In 2017, 3M had approximately 330 employees in the <a href="/wiki/Springfield_metropolitan_area,_Missouri" title="Springfield metropolitan area, Missouri">metropolitan area</a>, and announced a $40 million expansion project to upgrade the facility and redevelop another building.<a href="#cite_note-Gounley-132">[132]</a></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ames,_Iowa" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a> plant makes <a href="/wiki/Sandpaper" title="Sandpaper">sandpaper</a> products and received funding from the Iowa Economic Development Authority (IEDA) for expansions in 2013 and 2018.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Iowa" title="Knoxville, Iowa">Knoxville</a> plant is among 3M's largest and produces approximately 12,000 different products, including adhesives and tapes.<a href="#cite_note-Finan-135">[135]</a></li> <li>3M's Southeast Asian operations are based in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, where the company has invested $1 billion over 50 years. 3M has a facility in <a href="/wiki/Tuas" title="Tuas">Tuas</a>, a manufacturing plant and Smart Urban Solutions lab in <a href="/wiki/Woodlands,_Singapore" title="Woodlands, Singapore">Woodlands</a>, and a customer technical center in <a href="/wiki/Yishun" title="Yishun">Yishun</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Tuas-136">[136]</a> 3M expanded a factory in Woodlands in 2011,<a href="#cite_note-Cable-123">[123]</a> announced a major expansion of the Tuas plant in 2016,<a href="#cite_note-Tuas-136">[136]</a> and opened new headquarters in Singapore featuring a Customer Technical Centre in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a></li> <li>The company has operated in China since 1984,<a href="#cite_note-MW-138">[138]</a> and was <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>'s first <a href="/wiki/Wholly_Foreign-Owned_Enterprise" title="Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise">Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> 3M's seventh plant, and the first dedicated to health care product production, opened in Shanghai in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> By October 2007, the company had opened an eighth manufacturing plant and technology center in <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MW-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> 3M broke ground on its ninth manufacturing facility, for the production of <a href="/wiki/Photovoltaics" title="Photovoltaics">photovoltaics</a> and other renewable energy products, in <a href="/wiki/Hefei" title="Hefei">Hefei</a> in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> 3M announced plans to construct a technology innovation center in <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a> in 2015,<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> and opened a fifth design center in Shanghai in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-Design-144">[144]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Leadership">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1062633282">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .content .thumb>div:not(.thumbinner){display:flex;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;align-content:flex-start;flex-direction:column}}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output div.thumb>div:not(.thumbinner){font-size:94%;text-align:center;overflow:hidden;min-width:100px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.thumb>div:not(.thumbinner){margin:0 auto;max-width:100%!important}</style> <div class="thumb tright"> <div style="display:table;"> <a href="/wiki/File:3M_wordmark_1961.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="3M wordmark used from 1961 to 1978"><img alt="3M wordmark used from 1961 to 1978" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/3M_wordmark_1961.svg/220px-3M_wordmark_1961.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/3M_wordmark_1961.svg/330px-3M_wordmark_1961.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/3M_wordmark_1961.svg/440px-3M_wordmark_1961.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1327" data-file-height="746" /></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom;box-sizing:border-box;">3M wordmark used from 1961 to 1978 </div> </div> </div> Board chairs have included: <a href="/wiki/William_L._McKnight" title="William L. McKnight">William L. McKnight</a> (1949–1966),<a href="#cite_note-Cummings-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-Money-146">[146]</a> Bert S. Cross (1966–1970),<a href="#cite_note-Move-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Heltzer" title="Harry Heltzer">Harry Heltzer</a> (1970–1975),<a href="#cite_note-Martin-149">[149]</a> Raymond H. Herzog (1975–1980),<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> Lewis W. Lehr (1980–1986), Allen F. Jacobson (1986–1991),<a href="#cite_note-Schmitt-151">[151]</a> Livio DeSimone (1991–2001),<a href="#cite_note-Hagerty-152">[152]</a> <a href="/wiki/James_McNerney" title="James McNerney">James McNerney</a> (2001–2005),<a href="#cite_note-McNerney-153">[153]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Buckley" title="George W. Buckley">George W. Buckley</a> (2005–2012),<a href="#cite_note-Dash-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-Retire-155">[155]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inge_Thulin" title="Inge Thulin">Inge Thulin</a> (2012–2018).<a href="#cite_note-CNBC-156">[156]</a> Thulin continued as executive chairman until Michael F. Roman was appointed in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> 3M's <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEOs</a> have included: Cross (1966–1970),<a href="#cite_note-Tangled-158">[158]</a> Heltzer (1970–1975),<a href="#cite_note-Martin-149">[149]</a> Herzog (1975–1979),<a href="#cite_note-Tangled-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shifts-159">[159]</a> Lehr (1979–1986),<a href="#cite_note-Eccher-160">[160]</a> Jacobson (1986–1991),<a href="#cite_note-Schmitt-151">[151]</a> DeSimone (1991–2001),<a href="#cite_note-Hagerty-152">[152]</a> McNerney (2001–2005),<a href="#cite_note-McNerney-153">[153]</a> Robert S. Morrison (2005, interim),<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Buckley (2005–2012),<a href="#cite_note-Dash-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-Retire-155">[155]</a> Thulin (2012–2018), and Roman (2018–present).<a href="#cite_note-CNBC-156">[156]</a> 3M's <a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">presidents</a> have included: Edgar B. Ober (1905–1929),<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> McKnight (1929–1949),<a href="#cite_note-Money-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-Byrne-163">[163]</a> Richard P. Carlton (1949–1953),<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_P._Buetow" title="Herbert P. Buetow">Herbert P. Buetow</a> (1953–1963),<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Cross (1963–1966),<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> Heltzer (1966–1970),<a href="#cite_note-Move-147">[147]</a> and Herzog (1970–1975).<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> In the late 1970s, the position was separated into roles for U.S. and international operations. The position overseeing domestic operations was first held by Lehr,<a href="#cite_note-Shifts-159">[159]</a> followed by John Pitblado from 1979 to 1981,<a href="#cite_note-Sloane-168">[168]</a> then Jacobson from 1984 to 1991.<a href="#cite_note-Gilpin-169">[169]</a> James A. Thwaits led international operations starting in 1979.<a href="#cite_note-Sloane-168">[168]</a> Buckley and Thulin were president during 2005–2012,<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> and 2012–2018, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-CNBC-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oakdale_Dump" title="Oakdale Dump">Oakdale Dump</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>V. Huck, Brand of the Tartan: The 3M Story, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1955. Early history of 3M and challenges, includes employee profiles.</li> <li>C. Rimington, From Minnesota mining and manufacturing to 3M Australia Pty Ltd (3M Australia: the Story of an Innovative Company), Sid Harta Publishers, 2013. Recollections from 3M Australia employees in context of broader organisational history.</li> <li>Sharon Lerner "How 3M Discovered, Then Concealed, the Dangers of Forever Chemicals<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a>", New Yorker Magazine</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/19px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/29px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/38px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3MCite-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-3MCite_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-3MCite_1-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lakecountyhistoricalsociety.org/museums/view/3m-museum">"3M Birthplace Museum"</a>, Lake County Historical Society </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved September 15, 2020. <q>Schaefer Applied Technology of Norwood, Massachusetts, has put Nextel Brand Simulated Blood back on the market. This stage blood developed by 3M, is based on colorfast red microbeads suspended in a carrier liquid, and contains no dyes, detergents, or sugar syrup, and will not cause staining or damage to existing dyes.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theatre+Crafts%2C+Volume+23%2C+Issues+1-5&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Rodale+Press&rft.date=1989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYG8cAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3M_blood_Tweet-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-3M_blood_Tweet_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-3M_blood_Tweet_33-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF3M2019" class="citation web cs1">@3M (May 31, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/3M/status/1134580753113726976">"Hi there – Thank you for reaching out! Unfortunately, Nextel simulated blood has pulled a permanent vanishing act. We're sorry to disappoint; hope there's no bad blood between us"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Retrieved September 15, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hi+there+%E2%80%93+Thank+you+for+reaching+out%21+Unfortunately%2C+Nextel+simulated+blood+has+pulled+a+permanent+vanishing+act.+We%27re+sorry+to+disappoint%3B+hope+there%27s+no+bad+blood+between+us&rft.date=2019-05-31&rft.au=3M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2F3M%2Fstatus%2F1134580753113726976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSavini1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Savini" title="Tom Savini">Savini, Tom</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uQEnAQAAIAAJ">Grande Illusions: A Learn-By-Example Guide to the Art and Technique of Special Make-Up Effects from the Films of Tom Savini</a>. 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June 15, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Brussels+Times&rft.atitle=New+guidelines+to+mitigate+health+risks+for+people+living+near+Antwerp+factory&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brusselstimes.com%2Fnews%2Fbelgium-all-news%2F173926%2Fnew-guidelines-to-mitigate-health-risks-for-people-living-near-antwerp-3m-factory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_den_Buijs2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">van den Buijs, Dennis (June 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2021/06/15/pfos-activist-thomas-goorden-3m-chanteerde-vlaamse-regering-met/">"Burgeractivist in PFOS-dossier Thomas Goorden: "3M chanteerde Vlaamse regering met vertrek in 2017""</a> [Civilian activist in PFOS file Thomas Goorden: "3M blackmailed the Flemish government with departure in 2017"]. <a href="/wiki/VRT_(broadcaster)" title="VRT (broadcaster)">VRT</a> (in Dutch).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VRT&rft.atitle=Burgeractivist+in+PFOS-dossier+Thomas+Goorden%3A+%223M+chanteerde+Vlaamse+regering+met+vertrek+in+2017%22&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft.aulast=van+den+Buijs&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vrt.be%2Fvrtnws%2Fnl%2F2021%2F06%2F15%2Fpfos-activist-thomas-goorden-3m-chanteerde-vlaamse-regering-met%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20210614_98037939">"Lantis mag 3M niet meer aansprakelijk stellen voor PFOS-vervuiling"</a>. De Standaard (in Flemish). Retrieved October 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=De+Standaard&rft.atitle=Lantis+mag+3M+niet+meer+aansprakelijk+stellen+voor+PFOS-vervuiling&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standaard.be%2Fcnt%2Fdmf20210614_98037939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3M_Total_CO2e_emissions_for_2020Q4-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-3M_Total_CO2e_emissions_for_2020Q4_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-3M_Total_CO2e_emissions_for_2020Q4_95-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720195004/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2020Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2020Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F2006066O%2F2021-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Total%20CO2e%20Emissions%20-%20Location-Based%20Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202/2020Q4/12">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720195004/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2020Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2020Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F2006066O%2F2021-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Climate%20Goal%5BClimate%20Goal,Total%20CO2e%20emissions%20(Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202)%5D/2020Q4">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.3m.com/2021-02-16-3M-to-Invest-1-Billion-to-Achieve-Carbon-Neutrality,-Reduce-Water-Use,-and-Improve-Water-Quality">"3M to Invest $1 Billion to Achieve Carbon Neutrality, Reduce Water Use, and Improve Water Quality"</a>. 3M News Center. February 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=3M+News+Center&rft.atitle=3M+to+Invest+%241+Billion+to+Achieve+Carbon+Neutrality%2C+Reduce+Water+Use%2C+and+Improve+Water+Quality&rft.date=2021-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.3m.com%2F2021-02-16-3M-to-Invest-1-Billion-to-Achieve-Carbon-Neutrality%2C-Reduce-Water-Use%2C-and-Improve-Water-Quality&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201031051216/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1691941O/2019-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2018Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1691941O/2019-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2018Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F1691941O%2F2019-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Total%20CO2e%20Emissions%20-%20Location-Based%20Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202/2014Q4/12">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200927012608/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1836747O/2020-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2019Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1836747O/2020-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2019Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F1836747O%2F2020-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Total%20CO2e%20Emissions%20-%20Location-Based%20Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202/2015Q4/12">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720195004/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2020Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2020Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F2006066O%2F2021-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Total%20CO2e%20Emissions%20-%20Location-Based%20Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202/2016Q4/12">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720195004/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2020Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2020Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F2006066O%2F2021-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Total%20CO2e%20Emissions%20-%20Location-Based%20Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202/2017Q4/12">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720195004/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2020Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2020Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F2006066O%2F2021-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Total%20CO2e%20Emissions%20-%20Location-Based%20Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202/2018Q4/12">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720195004/https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">"3M's Sustainability Report for 2020Q4"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/2006066O/2021-sustainability-report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3M%27s+Sustainability+Report+for+2020Q4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.3m.com%2Fmws%2Fmedia%2F2006066O%2F2021-sustainability-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analytics.exerica.com/App/Name/3M/Total%20CO2e%20Emissions%20-%20Location-Based%20Scope%201%20%2b%20Scope%202/2019Q4/12">Alt URL</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHinds2019" class="citation web cs1">Hinds, Haley (October 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fox13news.com/news/veterans-sue-3m-claim-faulty-ear-plugs-caused-hearing-damage">"Veterans sue 3M, claim faulty ear plugs caused hearing damage"</a>. FOX 13 News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FOX+13+News&rft.atitle=Veterans+sue+3M%2C+claim+faulty+ear+plugs+caused+hearing+damage&rft.date=2019-10-29&rft.aulast=Hinds&rft.aufirst=Haley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox13news.com%2Fnews%2Fveterans-sue-3m-claim-faulty-ear-plugs-caused-hearing-damage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://about.bgov.com/news/vets-tormented-by-hearing-loss-face-3m-in-earplug-mass-lawsuit/">"Vets Tormented by Hearing Loss Face 3M in Earplug Mass Lawsuit"</a>. Bloomberg Government. Retrieved April 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Government&rft.atitle=Vets+Tormented+by+Hearing+Loss+Face+3M+in+Earplug+Mass+Lawsuit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabout.bgov.com%2Fnews%2Fvets-tormented-by-hearing-loss-face-3m-in-earplug-mass-lawsuit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170519232526/http://news.3m.com/press-release/company/3m-acquire-aearo-technologies-inc-global-leader-personal-protection-equipment">"3M to Acquire Aearo Technologies Inc., Global Leader in Personal Protection Equipment"</a>. 3M News | United States. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.3m.com/press-release/company/3m-acquire-aearo-technologies-inc-global-leader-personal-protection-equipment">the original</a> on May 19, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=3M+News+%7C+United+States&rft.atitle=3M+to+Acquire+Aearo+Technologies+Inc.%2C+Global+Leader+in+Personal+Protection+Equipment&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.3m.com%2Fpress-release%2Fcompany%2F3m-acquire-aearo-technologies-inc-global-leader-personal-protection-equipment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724194257/https://www.stripes.com/news/contractor-settles-for-9-1-million-after-providing-defective-earplugs-for-servicemembers-1.540137">"Contractor settles for $9.1 million after providing defective earplugs for servicemembers"</a>. Stars and Stripes. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stripes.com/news/contractor-settles-for-9-1-million-after-providing-defective-earplugs-for-servicemembers-1.540137">the original</a> on July 24, 2020. 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Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>When he became general manager in 1914, 3M was a $264,000 company; by the time he was made president in 1929, annual revenues were $5.5 million; in 1943, 3M generated $47.2 million, and by the time of McKnight's retirement as chairman in 1966, he had grown 3M into a $1.15 billion operation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Money&rft.atitle=3M+A+Mining+Company+Built+on+a+Mistake+Stick+It+Out+Until+a+Young+Man+Came+Along+with+Ideas+About+How+to+Tape+Those+Blunders+Together+as+Innovations--Leading+to+Decades+of+Growth.&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.aulast=Lukas&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Overfelt%2C+Maggie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2Fmagazines%2Ffsb%2Ffsb_archive%2F2003%2F04%2F01%2F341016%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Move-147">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Move_147-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Move_147-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yxYbAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA7-PA17">"Heltzer and Herzog Move to Top at 3M"</a>. Commercial West. 140: 17. August 22, 1970. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commercial+West&rft.atitle=Heltzer+and+Herzog+Move+to+Top+at+3M&rft.volume=140&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1970-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyxYbAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DRA7-PA17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerryJones1977" class="citation news cs1">Berry, John F.; Jones, William H. (May 18, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1977/05/18/boxes-of-sec-documents-reveal-secret-dealings/8ffad265-59c7-48e3-b741-1ca11991806f/">"Boxes of SEC Documents Reveal Secret Dealings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Boxes+of+SEC+Documents+Reveal+Secret+Dealings&rft.date=1977-05-18&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rft.au=Jones%2C+William+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1977%2F05%2F18%2Fboxes-of-sec-documents-reveal-secret-dealings%2F8ffad265-59c7-48e3-b741-1ca11991806f%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Martin-149">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Martin_149-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Martin_149-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin2005" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Douglas (September 28, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/28/business/harry-heltzer-94-inventor-of-reflective-signs-dies.html">"Harry Heltzer, 94, Inventor of Reflective Signs, Dies"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>Nearly a third of that increase came after he rose from president to chairman and chief executive in October 1970.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Harry+Heltzer%2C+94%2C+Inventor+of+Reflective+Signs%2C+Dies&rft.date=2005-09-28&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F09%2F28%2Fbusiness%2Fharry-heltzer-94-inventor-of-reflective-signs-dies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/14/archives/3m-says-reputation-is-still-strong-one.html">"3M Says Reputation Is Still Strong One"</a>. The New York Times. May 14, 1975. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>Mr. Herzog was elected chairman at a board meeting after the stockholder session, succeeding Harry Heltzer. Mr. Herzog will continue as president and chief executive officer.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3M+Says+Reputation+Is+Still+Strong+One&rft.date=1975-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F05%2F14%2Farchives%2F3m-says-reputation-is-still-strong-one.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schmitt-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schmitt_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schmitt_151-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmitt1986" class="citation news cs1">Schmitt, Eric (February 11, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/02/11/business/business-people-2-top-3m-posts-go-to-domestic-head.html">"Business People; 2 Top 3M Posts Go to Domestic Head"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>The Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company announced yesterday that Allen F. Jacobson, president of the concern's domestic operations, had been named chairman and chief executive, effective March 1.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Business+People%3B+2+Top+3M+Posts+Go+to+Domestic+Head&rft.date=1986-02-11&rft.aulast=Schmitt&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F02%2F11%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness-people-2-top-3m-posts-go-to-domestic-head.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hagerty-152">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hagerty_152-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hagerty_152-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHagerty2017" class="citation news cs1">Hagerty, James R. (January 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/livio-desimone-a-former-3m-ceo-dies-at-80-1484784545">"Livio DeSimone, a Former 3M CEO, Dies at 80"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>He served as chairman and CEO from 1991 to 2001.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Livio+DeSimone%2C+a+Former+3M+CEO%2C+Dies+at+80&rft.date=2017-01-18&rft.aulast=Hagerty&rft.aufirst=James+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Flivio-desimone-a-former-3m-ceo-dies-at-80-1484784545&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-McNerney-153">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McNerney_153-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McNerney_153-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLublinMurrayHallinan2000" class="citation news cs1">Lublin, Joann; Murray, Matthew; Hallinan, Joe (December 5, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB975950968499556394">"General Electric's McNerney Will Become 3M Chairman"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=General+Electric%27s+McNerney+Will+Become+3M+Chairman&rft.date=2000-12-05&rft.aulast=Lublin&rft.aufirst=Joann&rft.au=Murray%2C+Matthew&rft.au=Hallinan%2C+Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB975950968499556394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dash-154">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dash_154-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dash_154-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDash2005" class="citation news cs1">Dash, Eric (December 8, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/08/business/3m-finds-chief-without-reaching-for-a-star.html">"3M Finds Chief Without Reaching for a Star"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>And yesterday, 3M named George W. Buckley, the low-profile leader of the Brunswick Corporation, as its new chairman and chief executive.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3M+Finds+Chief+Without+Reaching+for+a+Star&rft.date=2005-12-08&rft.aulast=Dash&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F12%2F08%2Fbusiness%2F3m-finds-chief-without-reaching-for-a-star.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Retire-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Retire_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Retire_155-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-3m-ceo/3m-ceo-buckley-to-retire-thulin-to-succeed-him-idUSTRE8171GW20120208">"3M CEO Buckley to retire; Thulin to succeed him"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. February 8, 2012. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=3M+CEO+Buckley+to+retire%3B+Thulin+to+succeed+him&rft.date=2012-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-3m-ceo%2F3m-ceo-buckley-to-retire-thulin-to-succeed-him-idUSTRE8171GW20120208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNBC-156">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNBC_156-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNBC_156-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNBC_156-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/03/05/3m-appoints-michael-roman-ceo-inge-thulin-will-become-chairman-of-board.html">"3M appoints Michael Roman as CEO; Inge Thulin will take new position as executive chairman of the board"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>. March 5, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>Thulin has served as 3M's chairman of the board, president and chief executive officer since 2012.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=3M+appoints+Michael+Roman+as+CEO%3B+Inge+Thulin+will+take+new+position+as+executive+chairman+of+the+board&rft.date=2018-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2018%2F03%2F05%2F3m-appoints-michael-roman-ceo-inge-thulin-will-become-chairman-of-board.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuvo2019" class="citation web cs1">Ruvo, Christopher (February 7, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asicentral.com/news/newsletters/promogram/february-2019/thulin-to-retire-as-3m-chairman/">"Thulin To Retire As 3M Chairman"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Advertising_Specialty_Institute" title="Advertising Specialty Institute">Advertising Specialty Institute</a>. Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Advertising+Specialty+Institute&rft.atitle=Thulin+To+Retire+As+3M+Chairman&rft.date=2019-02-07&rft.aulast=Ruvo&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asicentral.com%2Fnews%2Fnewsletters%2Fpromogram%2Ffebruary-2019%2Fthulin-to-retire-as-3m-chairman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tangled-158">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tangled_158-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tangled_158-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJensen1975" class="citation news cs1">Jensen, Michael C. (March 9, 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/03/09/archives/how-3m-got-tangled-up-in-politics-how-3m-got-tangled-in-politics.html">"How 3M Got Tangled Up in Politics"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>Bert S. Cross, who was chairman and chief executive of 3M from 1966 to 1970, and a board member thereafter, will not seek re‐election to the board where he serves as chairman of the finance committee.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+3M+Got+Tangled+Up+in+Politics&rft.date=1975-03-09&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Michael+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F03%2F09%2Farchives%2Fhow-3m-got-tangled-up-in-politics-how-3m-got-tangled-in-politics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shifts-159">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shifts_159-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shifts_159-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1979/02/13/archives/herzog-shifts-his-role-at-3m.html">"Herzog Shifts His Role at 3M"</a>. The New York Times. February 13, 1979. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Herzog+Shifts+His+Role+at+3M&rft.date=1979-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1979%2F02%2F13%2Farchives%2Fherzog-shifts-his-role-at-3m.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eccher-160"><a href="#cite_ref-Eccher_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEccher2016" class="citation news cs1">Eccher, Marino (August 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.twincities.com/2016/08/03/for-former-3m-ceo-lew-lehr-mistakes-were-stepping-stones/">"For former 3M CEO Lew Lehr, mistakes were stepping stones"</a>. <a href="/wiki/St._Paul_Pioneer_Press" title="St. Paul Pioneer Press">St. Paul Pioneer Press</a>. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>Lehr was chief executive of 3M from 1979 to 1986.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=St.+Paul+Pioneer+Press&rft.atitle=For+former+3M+CEO+Lew+Lehr%2C+mistakes+were+stepping+stones&rft.date=2016-08-03&rft.aulast=Eccher&rft.aufirst=Marino&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.twincities.com%2F2016%2F08%2F03%2Ffor-former-3m-ceo-lew-lehr-mistakes-were-stepping-stones%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmeltzer2005" class="citation news cs1">Schmeltzer, John (July 1, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2005-07-01-0507010091-story.html">"Quaker Oats ex-chief takes control at 3M"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Quaker+Oats+ex-chief+takes+control+at+3M&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.aulast=Schmeltzer&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-xpm-2005-07-01-0507010091-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBustin2019" class="citation book cs1">Bustin, Greg (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v1eQDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT41">How Leaders Decide: A Timeless Guide to Making Tough Choices</a>. Naperville, Illinois: Sourcebooks. p. 41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4926-6759-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4926-6759-9"><bdi>978-1-4926-6759-9</bdi></a>. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>At the May 1905 annual meeting, Over was named 3M's new president. Apart from one three-year break, Over served as president until 1929—the first eleven years without compensation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Leaders+Decide%3A+A+Timeless+Guide+to+Making+Tough+Choices&rft.place=Naperville%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Sourcebooks&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-4926-6759-9&rft.aulast=Bustin&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv1eQDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Byrne-163"><a href="#cite_ref-Byrne_163-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrne2000" class="citation news cs1">Byrne, Harlan S. (July 3, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB962414741569967470">"A Changed Giant"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>The patient approach may have originated with W. L. McKnight, a legendary CEO who joined the company in 1907 and became president in 1929.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Changed+Giant&rft.date=2000-07-03&rft.aulast=Byrne&rft.aufirst=Harlan+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB962414741569967470&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBetz2011" class="citation book cs1">Betz, Frederick (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EVHxcjeHqjUC&pg=PA154">3M Diversifies Through Innovation</a>. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. p. 154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-92757-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-92757-1"><bdi>978-0-470-92757-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>The award was named after Richard Carlton, president of 3M from 1949 to 1953.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=3M+Diversifies+Through+Innovation&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pages=154&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-470-92757-1&rft.aulast=Betz&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEVHxcjeHqjUC%26pg%3DPA154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/11/archives/herbert-buetow-manufacturer73-expresident-of-3m-dead-rose-through.html">"Herbert Buetow, Manufacturer, 73"</a>. The New York Times. January 11, 1972. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>He was president of 3‐M from 1953 to 1963 and retired from its board in 1968.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Herbert+Buetow%2C+Manufacturer%2C+73&rft.date=1972-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1972%2F01%2F11%2Farchives%2Fherbert-buetow-manufacturer73-expresident-of-3m-dead-rose-through.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/08/11/79302038.html?pageNumber=41">"3M Names Heltzer President and Cross as New Chairman; 2 High Positions Are Filled by 3M"</a>. The New York Times. August 11, 1966. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3M+Names+Heltzer+President+and+Cross+as+New+Chairman%3B+2+High+Positions+Are+Filled+by+3M&rft.date=1966-08-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1966%2F08%2F11%2F79302038.html%3FpageNumber%3D41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1997-07-23-9707220310-story.html">"Raymond Herzog, Helped Start 3M Copier Business"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sun-Sentinel" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun-Sentinel">Sun-Sentinel</a>. July 23, 1997. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>He was president of the company from 1970 until 1975, when he became chairman and chief executive.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sun-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Raymond+Herzog%2C+Helped+Start+3M+Copier+Business&rft.date=1997-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sun-sentinel.com%2Fnews%2Ffl-xpm-1997-07-23-9707220310-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sloane-168">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sloane_168-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sloane_168-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSloane1981" class="citation news cs1">Sloane, Leonard (August 17, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/17/business/business-people-235895.html">"Business People"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Business+People&rft.date=1981-08-17&rft.aulast=Sloane&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F08%2F17%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness-people-235895.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gilpin-169"><a href="#cite_ref-Gilpin_169-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilpin1984" class="citation news cs1">Gilpin, Kenneth (November 5, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/05/business/business-people-3m-fills-top-post-at-major-division.html">"Business People; 3M Fills Top Post at Major Division"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2019. <q>Mr. Jacobson... fills a post that has been vacant since the end of 1981, when John Pitblado retired.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Business+People%3B+3M+Fills+Top+Post+at+Major+Division&rft.date=1984-11-05&rft.aulast=Gilpin&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F11%2F05%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness-people-3m-fills-top-post-at-major-division.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDash2005" class="citation news cs1">Dash, Eric (December 7, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/07/business/3m-names-chief-ending-5month-search.html">"3M Names Chief, Ending 5-Month Search"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3M+Names+Chief%2C+Ending+5-Month+Search&rft.date=2005-12-07&rft.aulast=Dash&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F12%2F07%2Fbusiness%2F3m-names-chief-ending-5month-search.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLerner" class="citation web cs1">Lerner, Sharon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/05/27/3m-forever-chemicals-pfas-pfos-toxic">"How 3M Discovered, Then Concealed, the Dangers of Forever Chemicals"</a>. New Yorker Magazine. Retrieved May 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Yorker+Magazine&rft.atitle=How+3M+Discovered%2C+Then+Concealed%2C+the+Dangers+of+Forever+Chemicals&rft.aulast=Lerner&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2024%2F05%2F27%2F3m-forever-chemicals-pfas-pfos-toxic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A3M" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=3M&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:3M" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:3M">3M</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.3m.com">Official website</a></li> <li>Business data for 3M Company: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output 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li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/MMM:US">Bloomberg</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/MMM:NYSE">Google</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/MMM.N">Reuters</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=66740">SEC filings</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/MMM">Yahoo!</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00281.xml">Historical records of the 3M Company</a> are available for research use at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnhs.org/">Minnesota Historical Society</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_G._Alvarado" title="Linda G. Alvarado">Linda G. Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Brennan" title="Edward A. Brennan">Edward A. Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_D._Coffman" title="Vance D. Coffman">Vance D. Coffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_L._Eskew" title="Michael L. Eskew">Michael L. Eskew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Liddy" title="Ed Liddy">Ed Liddy</a></li> <li>Robert S. Morrison</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aulana_L._Peters" title="Aulana L. Peters">Aulana L. Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozanne_L._Ridgway" title="Rozanne L. Ridgway">Rozanne L. Ridgway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_W._Sharer" title="Kevin W. Sharer">Kevin W. Sharer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Wade_Sullivan" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Wade Sullivan">Louis W. Sullivan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:3M_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/3M_wordmark.svg/120px-3M_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/3M_wordmark.svg/180px-3M_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/3M_wordmark.svg/240px-3M_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="158" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bair_Hugger" title="Bair Hugger">Bair Hugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bondo_(putty)" title="Bondo (putty)">Bondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorinert" title="Fluorinert">Fluorinert</a></li> <li>Novec</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Tape" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic Tape">Magic Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexcare" title="Nexcare">Nexcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrifilm" title="Petrifilm">Petrifilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-it_note" title="Post-it note">Post-it note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_Tape" title="Scotch Tape">Scotch Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch-Brite" title="Scotch-Brite">Scotch-Brite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotchgard" title="Scotchgard">Scotchgard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartan_track" title="Tartan track">Tartan track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattle-Tape" title="Tattle-Tape">Tattle-Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegaderm" title="Tegaderm">Tegaderm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thinsulate" title="Thinsulate">Thinsulate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Components_of_the_Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average_companies" title="Template:Dow Jones Industrial Average companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average_companies" title="Template talk:Dow Jones Industrial Average companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dow Jones Industrial Average companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Components_of_the_Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Components of the <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" title="Dow Jones Industrial Average">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Express" title="American Express">American Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amgen" title="Amgen">Amgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc.">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Coca-Cola_Company" title="The Coca-Cola Company">Coca-Cola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">Disney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldman_Sachs" title="Goldman Sachs">Goldman Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_Depot" title="Home Depot">Home Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase" title="JPMorgan Chase">JPMorgan Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merck_%26_Co." title="Merck & Co.">Merck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike,_Inc." title="Nike, Inc.">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwin-Williams" title="Sherwin-Williams">Sherwin-Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Travelers_Companies" title="The Travelers Companies">Travelers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UnitedHealth_Group" title="UnitedHealth Group">UnitedHealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verizon" title="Verizon">Verizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_Inc." title="Visa Inc.">Visa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Minnesota-based_corporations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Minnesota_Corporations" title="Template:Minnesota Corporations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Minnesota_Corporations" title="Template talk:Minnesota Corporations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Minnesota_Corporations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Minnesota Corporations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Minnesota-based_corporations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Minnesota_companies" title="List of Minnesota companies">Minnesota-based corporations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> corporations (by revenue)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UnitedHealth_Group" title="UnitedHealth Group">UnitedHealth Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_Buy" title="Best Buy">Best Buy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHS_Inc." title="CHS Inc.">CHS</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Bancorp" title="U.S. Bancorp">U.S. Bancorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperValu_(United_States)" title="SuperValu (United States)">SuperValu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunds_%26_Byerlys" title="Lunds & Byerlys">Lunds & Byerlys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Mills" title="General Mills">General Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_O%27Lakes" title="Land O'Lakes">Land O'Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecolab" title="Ecolab">Ecolab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._H._Robinson" class="mw-redirect" title="C. H. Robinson">C. H. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameriprise_Financial" title="Ameriprise Financial">Ameriprise Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xcel_Energy" title="Xcel Energy">Xcel Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hormel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hormel">Hormel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrivent_Financial" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrivent Financial">Thrivent Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patterson_Companies" title="Patterson Companies">Patterson Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dairy_Queen" title="Dairy Queen">Dairy Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Pages" title="City Pages">City Pages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fortune_1000" title="Fortune 1000">Fortune 1000</a> corporations (by revenue)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toro_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Toro (company)">Toro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donaldson_Company" title="Donaldson Company">Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.B._Fuller" title="H.B. Fuller">H.B. Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Mutual_Insurance_Company" title="Federated Mutual Insurance Company">Federated Mutual Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deluxe_Corporation" title="Deluxe Corporation">Deluxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOM_Furniture" title="HOM Furniture">HOM Furniture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kowalski%27s_Markets" title="Kowalski's Markets">Kowalski's Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cub_(supermarket)" title="Cub (supermarket)">Cub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other public companies (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayforce" title="Dayforce">Dayforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTS_Systems_Corporation" title="MTS Systems Corporation">MTS Systems Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protolabs" title="Protolabs">Protolabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regis_Corporation" title="Regis Corporation">Regis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratasys" title="Stratasys">Stratasys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Star_Tribune" title="Minnesota Star Tribune">Minnesota Star Tribune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major non-public corporations (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andersen_Corporation" title="Andersen Corporation">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargill" title="Cargill">Cargill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlson_(company)" title="Carlson (company)">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_Stationstores" title="Holiday Stationstores">Holiday Stationstores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_State_Fair" title="Minnesota State Fair">Minnesota State Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwan%27s_Company" title="Schwan's Company">Schwan's Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Securian_Financial_Group" title="Securian Financial Group">Securian Financial Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Corporation" title="Taylor Corporation">Taylor Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="List of companies based in Minneapolis–Saint Paul">List of companies based in Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct corporations (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADC_Telecommunications" title="ADC Telecommunications">ADC Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Bookstore_Cooperative" title="Amazon Bookstore Cooperative">Amazon Bookstore Cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooks-Scanlon_Lumber_Company" title="Brooks-Scanlon Lumber Company">Brooks-Scanlon Lumber Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_Brothers" title="Butler Brothers">Butler Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champion_Air" title="Champion Air">Champion Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_Data_Corporation" title="Control Data Corporation">Control Data Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Shamrock_Airlines" title="Crystal Shamrock Airlines">Crystal Shamrock Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destineer" title="Destineer">Destineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineering_Research_Associates" title="Engineering Research Associates">Engineering Research Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fawcett_Publications" title="Fawcett Publications">Fawcett Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FuncoLand" title="FuncoLand">FuncoLand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamble-Skogmo" title="Gamble-Skogmo">Gamble-Skogmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gander_Mountain" title="Gander Mountain">Gander Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genmar_Holdings" title="Genmar Holdings">Genmar Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Casinos" title="Grand Casinos">Grand Casinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasc_Software" title="Jasc Software">Jasc Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacSoft" title="MacSoft">MacSoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Play" title="Media Play">Media Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Aviation" title="Midwest Aviation">Midwest Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Federal_Savings_%26_Loan" title="Midwest Federal Savings & Loan">Midwest Federal Savings & Loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Wireless" title="Midwest Wireless">Midwest Wireless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul_Stock_Exchange" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange">Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Stage_Company" title="Minnesota Stage Company">Minnesota Stage Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicland" title="Musicland">Musicland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napco_Four_Wheel_Drive_Vehicles" title="Napco Four Wheel Drive Vehicles">Napco Four Wheel Drive Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarre_Corporation" title="Navarre Corporation">Navarre Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Airlines" title="North Central Airlines">North Central Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northgate_Computer_Systems" title="Northgate Computer Systems">Northgate Computer Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrup-King" title="Northrup-King">Northrup-King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Airlines" title="Northwest Airlines">Northwest Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Park_Records" title="Paisley Park Records">Paisley Park Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragon_Cable" title="Paragon Cable">Paragon Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Foods" title="Rainbow Foods">Rainbow Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Owl_(retail_chain)" title="Red Owl (retail chain)">Red Owl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Airlines" title="Republic Airlines">Republic Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rider_Bennett" title="Rider Bennett">Rider Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_Cellular" title="Rural Cellular">Rural Cellular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Jude_Medical" title="St. Jude Medical">St. Jude Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salkin_%26_Linoff" title="Salkin & Linoff">Salkin & Linoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoppers%27_City" title="Shoppers' City">Shoppers' City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simitar_Entertainment" title="Simitar Entertainment">Simitar Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperAmerica" title="SuperAmerica">SuperAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_River_Logging_Company" title="Swan River Logging Company">Swan River Logging Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicel" title="Unicel">Unicel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bros_Boiler_Works" title="William Bros Boiler Works">William Bros Boiler Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XRS_Corporation" title="XRS Corporation">XRS Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeos" title="Zeos">Zeos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159433#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159433#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159433#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000106956319">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/141060449">VIAF</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/158703039">2</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/504764-X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2002111220">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12489595v">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12489595v">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01075970">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an49127795">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20050612003&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2005281534&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5716851">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90531631">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987009541160605171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/18709">Museum of Modern Art</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/65560">2</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/3b614045-d981-47af-b337-383093fe6c95">MusicBrainz label</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w66b10pg">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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