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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American biplane trainer aircraft (1915–1927)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">JN "Jenny"</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flying_jenny_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flying_jenny_cropped.jpg/300px-Flying_jenny_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flying_jenny_cropped.jpg/450px-Flying_jenny_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flying_jenny_cropped.jpg/600px-Flying_jenny_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1055" data-file-height="639" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">Curtiss JN-4 Jenny, 1918</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Trainer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Aeroplane_and_Motor_Company" title="Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company">Curtiss</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><div> Benjamin D. Thomas</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary users</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Air_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Air Service">U.S. Army Air Service</a><div> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps" title="Royal Flying Corps">Royal Flying Corps</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">6,813</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">1915</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">1927</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_N-9" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtiss N-9">Curtiss N-9</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_JN-6H" title="Curtiss JN-6H">Curtiss JN-6H</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Twin_JN" title="Curtiss Twin JN">Curtiss Twin JN</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Curtiss JN "Jenny"</b> is a series of <a href="/wiki/Biplane" title="Biplane">biplanes</a> built by the <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Curtiss" title="Glenn Curtiss">Glenn Curtiss</a> Aeroplane Company of <a href="/wiki/Hammondsport,_New_York" title="Hammondsport, New York">Hammondsport, New York</a>, later the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Aeroplane_and_Motor_Company" title="Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company">Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company</a>. Although the Curtiss JN series was originally produced as a training aircraft for the US Army, the "Jenny" (the common nickname derived from "JN") continued after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> as a civilian aircraft, becoming the "backbone of American postwar [civil] aviation".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thousands of surplus Jennys were sold at bargain prices to private owners in the years after the war, and became central to the <a href="/wiki/Barnstorming" title="Barnstorming">barnstorming</a> era that helped awaken the US to civil aviation through much of the 1920s.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_and_development">Design and development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design and development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Curtiss combined the best features of the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_J" title="Curtiss Model J">model J</a> and <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_N" title="Curtiss Model N">model N</a> <a href="/wiki/Training_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Training aircraft">trainers</a>, built for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">US Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">US Navy</a>, and began producing the JN or "Jenny" series of aircraft in 1915.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Curtiss built only a limited number of the JN-1 and JN-2 <a href="/wiki/Biplane" title="Biplane">biplanes</a>. The design was commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Curtiss" title="Glenn Curtiss">Glenn Curtiss</a> from Englishman Benjamin Douglas Thomas, formerly of the <a href="/wiki/Sopwith_Aviation_Company" title="Sopwith Aviation Company">Sopwith Aviation Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The JN-2 was an equal-span biplane with <a href="/wiki/Aileron" title="Aileron">ailerons</a> controlled by a shoulder yoke in the aft <a href="/wiki/Cockpit" title="Cockpit">cockpit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was deficient in performance, particularly climbing, because of excessive weight. The improved JN-3 incorporated unequal spans with ailerons only on the upper wings, controlled by a <a href="/wiki/Joystick" title="Joystick">wheel</a>. In addition, a foot bar was added to control the <a href="/wiki/Rudder" title="Rudder">rudder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Donald_pp._279–280_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donald_pp._279–280-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_JN-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Curtiss_JN-3.jpg/220px-Curtiss_JN-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Curtiss_JN-3.jpg/330px-Curtiss_JN-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Curtiss_JN-3.jpg/440px-Curtiss_JN-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Curtiss JN-3, the progenitor of the JN-4, deployed to Mexico, around 1916<sup id="cite_ref-House_p._168_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-House_p._168-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/1st_Reconnaissance_Squadron" title="1st Reconnaissance Squadron">1st Aero Squadron</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Section,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps">Aviation Section, US Signal Corps</a> received eight JN-2s at San Diego in July 1915. The squadron was transferred to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sill" title="Fort Sill">Fort Sill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, in August to work with the Field Artillery School, during which one JN-2 crashed, resulting in a fatality.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pilots of the squadron met with its commander, Capt. <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Foulois" title="Benjamin Foulois">Benjamin Foulois</a>, to advise that the JN-2 was unsafe because of low power, shoddy construction, lack of stability, and overly sensitive rudder. Foulois and his executive officer Capt. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Milling" title="Thomas D. Milling">Thomas D. Milling</a> disagreed, and flights continued until a second JN-2 crashed in early September, resulting in the grounding of the six remaining JN-2s until mid-October. When two new JN-3s were delivered, the grounded aircraft were then upgraded in accordance with the new design. In March 1916, these eight JN-3s were deployed to Mexico for <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">aerial observation</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Pancho_Villa_Expedition" title="Pancho Villa Expedition">Pancho Villa Expedition</a> of 1916–1917.<sup id="cite_ref-House_p._168_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-House_p._168-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the successful deployment of the JN-3, Curtiss produced a development, known as the JN-4, with orders from both the US Army and an order in December 1916 from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps_Canada" title="Royal Flying Corps Canada">Royal Flying Corps</a> for a training aircraft to be based in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Canadian version, the JN-4 (Canadian), also known as the "<a href="/wiki/Canuck" title="Canuck">Canuck</a>", had some differences from the American version, including a lighter airframe, ailerons on both wings, a bigger and more rounded rudder, and differently shaped wings, stabilizer, and elevators.<sup id="cite_ref-Molson_and_Taylor_p._219_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molson_and_Taylor_p._219-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As many as 12 JN-4 aircraft were fitted with an aftermarket <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_Aircraft" title="Sikorsky Aircraft">Sikorsky</a> wing by the then-fledgling company in the late 1920s.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_JN-4s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Curtiss_JN-4s.jpg/220px-Curtiss_JN-4s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Curtiss_JN-4s.jpg/330px-Curtiss_JN-4s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Curtiss_JN-4s.jpg/440px-Curtiss_JN-4s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption>Curtiss JN-4Ds at Camp Taliaferro, Texas, <i>circa</i> 1918</figcaption></figure> <p>The Curtiss JN-4 is possibly North America's most famous <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> aircraft. It was widely used during World War I to train beginning pilots, with an estimated 95% of all trainees having flown a JN-4.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._88-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US version was called "Jenny", a derivation from its official designation. It was a twin-seat (student in front of instructor), dual-control biplane. Its <a href="/wiki/Tractor_configuration" title="Tractor configuration">tractor</a> propeller and maneuverability made it ideal for initial pilot training with a 90 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">hp</a> (67 kW) <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_OX-5" title="Curtiss OX-5">Curtiss OX-5</a> <a href="/wiki/V8_engine" title="V8 engine">V8 engine</a> giving a top speed of 75 mph (121 km/h) and a service <a href="/wiki/Ceiling_(aeronautics)" title="Ceiling (aeronautics)">ceiling</a> of 6,500 ft (2,000 m).<sup id="cite_ref-Donald_pp._279–280_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donald_pp._279–280-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British used the JN-4 (Canadian), along with the <a href="/wiki/Avro_504" title="Avro 504">Avro 504</a>, for their primary World War I trainer using the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aeroplanes_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd.">Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd.</a> indigenous variant.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Royal Flying Corps pilots earned their wings on the JN-4, both in <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and later in winter facilities at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Taliaferro" title="Camp Taliaferro">Camp Taliaferro</a>, Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JN-4_ambulance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/JN-4_ambulance.jpg/220px-JN-4_ambulance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/JN-4_ambulance.jpg/330px-JN-4_ambulance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/JN-4_ambulance.jpg/440px-JN-4_ambulance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="379" /></a><figcaption>Converted JN-4 ambulance, operated by the <a href="/wiki/Camp_Taliaferro" title="Camp Taliaferro">Camp Taliaferro</a> medical teams, around 1918</figcaption></figure> <p>Although ostensibly a training aircraft, the Jenny was extensively modified while in service to undertake additional roles. Due to its robust but easily adapted structure able to be modified with ski undercarriage, the Canadian Jenny was flown year-round, even in inclement weather.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The removable turtle deck behind the cockpits allowed for conversion to stretcher or additional supplies and equipment storage, with the modified JN-4s becoming the first aerial ambulances, carrying out this role both during wartime and in later years.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the 6,813 Jennys built were unarmed, although some had <a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine guns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">bomb</a> racks for advanced training. With deployment limited to North American bases, none saw combat service in World War I. </p><p>The Curtiss factory in Buffalo, New York, was the largest such facility in the world, but due to production demands, from November 1917 to January 1919, six different manufacturers were involved in production of the definitive JN-4D.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._88-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Production from spare or reconditioned parts continued sporadically until 1927, although most of the final orders were destined for the civilian market in Canada and the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._89-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like the re-engined JN-4H version of the most-produced JN-4 subtype, the final production version of the aircraft was the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_JN-6H" title="Curtiss JN-6H">JN-6</a>, powered by a <a href="/wiki/Wright_Aeronautical" title="Wright Aeronautical">Wright Aeronautical</a> license-built, 150 hp (112 kW) <a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza_8" title="Hispano-Suiza 8">Hispano-Suiza 8</a> V-8, first ordered in 1918 for the US Navy. A <a href="/wiki/Floatplane" title="Floatplane">floatplane</a> version was built for the navy, which was so modified, it was essentially a different airframe. This was designated the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_N-9" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtiss N-9">N-9</a>. In <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Air_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Air Service">US Army Air Service</a> usage, the JN-4s and JN-6s were configured to the JNS ("S" for "standardized") model. The Jenny remained in service with the US Army until 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._88-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JN-4_and_wingwalker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/JN-4_and_wingwalker.jpg/220px-JN-4_and_wingwalker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/JN-4_and_wingwalker.jpg/330px-JN-4_and_wingwalker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/JN-4_and_wingwalker.jpg/440px-JN-4_and_wingwalker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>One of the many daredevil stunts performed by JN-4 pilots was to work with a "wingwalker".</figcaption></figure> <p>After World War I, thousands were sold on the civilian market, including one to <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> in May 1923, in which he then soloed.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Surplus US Army aircraft were sold (some still in their unopened packing crates) for as little as $50, flooding the market.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._88-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With private and commercial flying in North America unhampered by regulations concerning their use, pilots found the Jenny's stability and slow speed made it ideal for stunt flying and <a href="/wiki/Aerobatics" title="Aerobatics">aerobatic</a> displays in the barnstorming era between the world wars, with the nearly identical <a href="/wiki/Standard_J" title="Standard J">Standard J-1</a> aircraft often used alongside it.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some were still flying into the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._89-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>JN-4 airframes were used to produce early <a href="/wiki/Weaver_Aircraft_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Weaver Aircraft Company">Weaver Aircraft Company</a>/<a href="/wiki/Advance_Aircraft_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Advance Aircraft Company">Advance Aircraft Company</a>/<a href="/wiki/Waco_Aircraft_Company" title="Waco Aircraft Company">Waco</a> aircraft, such as the <a href="/wiki/Waco_6" title="Waco 6">Waco 6</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._89-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_firsts">Notable firsts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notable firsts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between 1917 and 1919, the JN-4 type accounted for several significant aviation firsts while in service with the US Army Signal Corps Aviation Section and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a> (USMC), including flying the <a href="/wiki/Airmails_of_the_United_States#U.S._Government_flown_Air_Mail" class="mw-redirect" title="Airmails of the United States">first US Air Mail</a> in May 1918. </p><p>In a series of tests conducted at the US Army's <a href="/wiki/Langley_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Langley Field">Langley Field</a> in Hampton, Virginia, in July and August 1917, the world's first "plane-to-plane" and "ground-to-plane, and vice versa" communications by radiotelephony (as opposed to radiotelegraphy which had been developed earlier) were made to and from modified US Army JN-4s<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by <a href="/wiki/Western_Electric_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Electric Company">Western Electric Company</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a>) design engineers Lewis M. Clement and Raymond Heising, the developers of the experimental wind generator-powered airborne wireless voice transmitter and receiver equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 1919, a USMC JN-4 was also credited with what is believed to be the first successful <a href="/wiki/Dive_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Dive bombing">dive-bombing</a> attack during the <a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti" title="United States occupation of Haiti">United States occupation of Haiti</a>. USMC pilot Lt Lawson H. Sanderson mounted a carbine barrel in front of the windshield of his JN-4 (previously, an unarmed trainer that had a machine gun mounted in the rear cockpit) as an improvised bomb sight that was lined up with the long axis of his aircraft, loaded a bomb in a canvas mail bag that was attached to the JN-4's belly, and launched a single-handed raid at treetop level, in support of a USMC unit that had been trapped by Haitian Cacos rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the JN-4 almost disintegrated in the pullout, the attack was effective and led to Sanderson in 1920 developing further dive-bombing techniques to provide Marine pilots with close aerial support to infantry comrades.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_JN-4_CAN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Curtiss_JN-4_CAN.jpg/220px-Curtiss_JN-4_CAN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Curtiss_JN-4_CAN.jpg/330px-Curtiss_JN-4_CAN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Curtiss_JN-4_CAN.jpg/440px-Curtiss_JN-4_CAN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="368" /></a><figcaption>A JN-4 C227 "Canuck" (USAAS #39158) operated by the US Air Army Air Service in 1918, is now restored and on display at the Canada Aviation and Space Museum.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although the first series of JN-4s was virtually identical to the JN-3, the JN-4 series was based on production orders from 1915 to 1919.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>JN-1</b> — possibly unofficial designation of the second <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_J" title="Curtiss Model J">Model J</a>, which served as the prototype for the Model JN.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><b>JN-1W</b> — Two aircraft that appear in US Navy records, which may have been confused with the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_S" title="Curtiss Model S">Models S-4 and S-5</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><b>JN-2</b> — first production version, 8 built</li> <li><b>JN-3</b> — variant with new unequal-span wings and improved flight controls, 97 built for the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_Air_Service" title="Royal Naval Air Service">RNAS</a> (some sources indicate 91, but serial numbers total 97; 12 built in Canada) plus 2 for the US Army. The six surviving JN-2s were modified to this standard.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>JN-4A</b> — production version of the JN-4, 781 built</li> <li><b>JN-4B</b> — This version was powered by an OX-2 piston engine; 76 were built for the US Army, and nine for the US Navy.</li> <li><b>JN-4C</b> — experimental version, only two were built</li> <li><b>JN-4 (Canadian) Canuck</b> — Canadian-built version, 1,260 built by <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aeroplanes_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd.">Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd.</a> for the RFC in Canada/RAF in Canada and USAAC: Independently derived from the JN-3, it had a lighter airframe, ailerons on both wings, a bigger and more rounded rudder, and differently shaped wings, stabilizer, and elevators. Its use by the USAAC was curtailed as the lighter structure was claimed to cause more accidents than the US-built aircraft, although no air fatalities were attributed to the structural integrity of the type.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>JN-4D</b> — improved version, adopting the control stick from the JN-4 (Canadian) 2,812 built <ul><li><b>JN-4D-2</b> — One prototype only, the engine mount was revised to eliminate the down thrust position.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b>JN-4H</b> — two-seat advanced trainer biplane with ailerons on both wings, 929 built for the US Army, notable for introducing the use of the <a href="/wiki/Wright_Aeronautical" title="Wright Aeronautical">Wright Aeronautical</a> license-built <a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza_8" title="Hispano-Suiza 8">Hispano-Suiza 8</a> V-8 engine for greater power and reliability <ul><li><b>JN-4HT</b> — two-seat, dual-control trainer version</li> <li><b>JN-4HB</b> — bombing trainer version</li> <li><b>JN-4HG</b> — gunnery trainer version</li> <li><b>JN-4HM</b> — communications conversion of JN-4HT, powered by Wright-Hisso E 150-hp (112-kW), six converted, used to fly the first US Air Mail (May–August, 1918)</li></ul></li> <li><b>JN-5H</b> — advanced trainer biplane, only one built</li> <li><b>JN-6</b> — improved version of JN-5 trainer biplane series, notably used four ailerons, 1,035 built for the US Army and five for the US Navy<sup id="cite_ref-Auliard_p._47_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auliard_p._47-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>JN-6H</b> — improved version of the JN-6 <ul><li><b>JN-6BH</b> — bomber trainer version</li> <li><b>JN-6HG-1</b> — two-seat, dual-control trainer version, 560 built from JN-6 production, 34 for US Navy</li> <li><b>JN-6HG-2</b> — single-control gunnery trainer. 90 delivered</li> <li><b>JN-6HO</b> — single-control observer trainer version, 106 delivered<sup id="cite_ref-Auliard_p._47_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auliard_p._47-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>JN-6HP</b> — single-control pursuit fighter trainer version</li></ul></li> <li><b>JNS</b> ("standardized")  — During the postwar years of the early 1920s, between 200 and 300 US Army aircraft were upgraded to a common standard of equipment and modernized.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Specials""><span id=".22Specials.22"></span>"Specials"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: "Specials""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_Twin_JN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Curtiss_Twin_JN.jpg/220px-Curtiss_Twin_JN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Curtiss_Twin_JN.jpg/330px-Curtiss_Twin_JN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Curtiss_Twin_JN.jpg/440px-Curtiss_Twin_JN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>The most radical development of the Curtiss JN-4 was the Twin JN (or "Twin Jenny") in limited production and service with the US military.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Allison Monoplane</b> — conversion of JN-4 (Can) G-CAJL by the Allison Company, Kansas, that mounted a parasol wing in place of the biplane configuration, only one conversion made<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Curtiss Stinson Special</b> (1918) — a custom-built, single-seat aircraft for <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Stinson" title="Katherine Stinson">Katherine Stinson</a>, constructed from the fuselage of a <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_S" title="Curtiss Model S">Curtiss Model S</a> plus new biplane wings and JN-4 tail surfaces, powered by a 100-hp (74.5-kW) <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_OXX" title="Curtiss OXX">OXX-6</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bowers1979_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowers1979-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 136">: 136 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stinson_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stinson-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Ericson Special Three</b> — Some reconditioned aircraft built by Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd. were fitted with a third cockpit.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._88-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Hennessey Monoplane</b> — <sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a 1926 monoplane conversion by James R. Hennessey, three-place transport, 90-hp Curtiss OX-5, span: 36 ft (11 m) length: 25 ft (7.6 m)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><b>Severski 1926 biplane</b>  — a JN-4 modified with a roller/ski undercarriage, one experimental aircraft converted by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_Aviation" title="Republic Aviation">Seversky</a> company<sup id="cite_ref-Severski_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Severski-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Sperry Monoplane</b> — conversion offered by the Sperry Company that mounted a parasol wing in place of the biplane configuration<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Twin JN</b> — An enlarged twin-engined version of the JN-4, they were powered by two OXX-2 V-8 engines, built in 1916 as the <b>JN-5</b> for an observation role; among the many other modifications was an enlarged wingspan and new rudder adapted from the Curtiss Model R-4. Two of the series saw action with the US Army on the Mexican border in 1916–1917. A total of eight Twin JNs were built, with two in US Navy service.<sup id="cite_ref-Auliard_p._47_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auliard_p._47-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KMT%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%BC%E6%A9%9F.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/KMT%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%BC%E6%A9%9F.JPG/220px-KMT%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%BC%E6%A9%9F.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/KMT%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%BC%E6%A9%9F.JPG/330px-KMT%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%BC%E6%A9%9F.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/KMT%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%BC%E6%A9%9F.JPG/440px-KMT%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%BC%E6%A9%9F.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1616" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Model of JN-4 used by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_operators">Military operators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Military operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Naval_Aviation" title="Argentine Naval Aviation">Argentine Naval Aviation</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Flying_Corps" title="Australian Flying Corps">Australian Flying Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._3_Squadron_RAAF" title="No. 3 Squadron RAAF">No. 3 Squadron AFC</a> - Used for training.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Flying_School_RAAF" title="Central Flying School RAAF">Central Flying School AFC</a> at <a href="/wiki/Point_Cook,_Victoria" title="Point Cook, Victoria">Point Cook, Victoria</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_JN-4_(Can)_dwg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Curtiss_JN-4_%28Can%29_dwg.jpg/220px-Curtiss_JN-4_%28Can%29_dwg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Curtiss_JN-4_%28Can%29_dwg.jpg/330px-Curtiss_JN-4_%28Can%29_dwg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Curtiss_JN-4_%28Can%29_dwg.jpg/440px-Curtiss_JN-4_%28Can%29_dwg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2471" /></a><figcaption>Drawing of the Curtiss JN-4 (Can) or "Canuck"</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Naval_Aviation" title="Brazilian Naval Aviation">Brazilian Naval Aviation</a> (JN-4D variant)</li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps_Canada" title="Royal Flying Corps Canada">Royal Flying Corps Canada</a> (primarily JN-4 (Can) variant)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Air Force">Cuban Air Force</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></dt></dl> <ul><li>Nicaraguan National Guard (1920)</li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps" title="Royal Flying Corps">Royal Flying Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._24_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 24 Squadron RAF">No. 24 Squadron RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._25_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 25 Squadron RAF">No. 25 Squadron RFC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_Air_Service" title="Royal Naval Air Service">Royal Naval Air Service</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Section,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps">United States Army Signal Corps Aviation Section</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Section,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps">United States Army Signal Corps Aeronautical Division</a> (1915–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">United States Army Air Service</a> (1918 et seq.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Revolutionary_Army" title="National Revolutionary Army">National Revolutionary Army</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Expedition" title="Northern Expedition">Northern Expedition</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_operators">Civil operators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Civil operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></dt></dl> <ul><li>Elliot Air Service, <a href="/wiki/Red_Lake,_Ontario" title="Red Lake, Ontario">Red Lake, Ontario</a><sup id="cite_ref-Molson_p._4_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molson_p._4-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surviving_aircraft">Surviving aircraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Surviving aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum_December_2015_106_(Curtiss_JN-4D_%22Jenny%22).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum_December_2015_106_%28Curtiss_JN-4D_%22Jenny%22%29.jpg/220px-Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum_December_2015_106_%28Curtiss_JN-4D_%22Jenny%22%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum_December_2015_106_%28Curtiss_JN-4D_%22Jenny%22%29.jpg/330px-Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum_December_2015_106_%28Curtiss_JN-4D_%22Jenny%22%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum_December_2015_106_%28Curtiss_JN-4D_%22Jenny%22%29.jpg/440px-Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum_December_2015_106_%28Curtiss_JN-4D_%22Jenny%22%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The JN-4D on display at the <a href="/wiki/Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum" title="Frontiers of Flight Museum">Frontiers of Flight Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_Jenny,_National_Museum_of_the_US_Air_Force,_Dayton,_Ohio,_USA._(42151813412).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Curtiss_Jenny%2C_National_Museum_of_the_US_Air_Force%2C_Dayton%2C_Ohio%2C_USA._%2842151813412%29.jpg/220px-Curtiss_Jenny%2C_National_Museum_of_the_US_Air_Force%2C_Dayton%2C_Ohio%2C_USA._%2842151813412%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Curtiss_Jenny%2C_National_Museum_of_the_US_Air_Force%2C_Dayton%2C_Ohio%2C_USA._%2842151813412%29.jpg/330px-Curtiss_Jenny%2C_National_Museum_of_the_US_Air_Force%2C_Dayton%2C_Ohio%2C_USA._%2842151813412%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Curtiss_Jenny%2C_National_Museum_of_the_US_Air_Force%2C_Dayton%2C_Ohio%2C_USA._%2842151813412%29.jpg/440px-Curtiss_Jenny%2C_National_Museum_of_the_US_Air_Force%2C_Dayton%2C_Ohio%2C_USA._%2842151813412%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3429" data-file-height="1823" /></a><figcaption>The JN-4D on display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_JN-4D_at_San_Diego_museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Curtiss_JN-4D_at_San_Diego_museum.jpg/170px-Curtiss_JN-4D_at_San_Diego_museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Curtiss_JN-4D_at_San_Diego_museum.jpg/255px-Curtiss_JN-4D_at_San_Diego_museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Curtiss_JN-4D_at_San_Diego_museum.jpg/340px-Curtiss_JN-4D_at_San_Diego_museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Curtiss JN-4D at the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Air_and_Space_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego Air and Space Museum">San Diego Air and Space Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:16_19_021_JN4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/16_19_021_JN4.jpg/220px-16_19_021_JN4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/16_19_021_JN4.jpg/330px-16_19_021_JN4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/16_19_021_JN4.jpg/440px-16_19_021_JN4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4502" data-file-height="2973" /></a><figcaption>1917 JN-4 on display at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Aviation_(Warner_Robins)" title="Museum of Aviation (Warner Robins)">Museum of Aviation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robins_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Robins AFB">Robins AFB</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>396 – JN-4D on static display at the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Air_and_Space_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego Air and Space Museum">San Diego Air and Space Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1282 – JN-4D airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Antique_Aeroplane_%26_Automobile_Museum" title="Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum">Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hood_River,_Oregon" title="Hood River, Oregon">Hood River, Oregon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2805 – JN-4D on static display at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="National Museum of the United States Air Force">National Museum of the United States Air Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a>. It was obtained from Robert Pfiel of <a href="/wiki/Taylor,_Texas" title="Taylor, Texas">Taylor, Texas</a> in 1956. The aircraft is displayed in the Museum's Early Years gallery.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>3793 – JN-4D on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Aviation_Museum" title="Alberta Aviation Museum">Alberta Aviation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Edmonton,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmonton, Alberta">Edmonton, Alberta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>3805 – JN-4D on static display in Terminal B at <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_International_Airport" title="San Antonio International Airport">San Antonio International Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="San Antonio, Texas">San Antonio, Texas</a>. It is on loan from the <a href="/wiki/Witte_Museum" title="Witte Museum">Witte Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>5368 – JN-4D on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_and_Industry_(Chicago)" title="Museum of Science and Industry (Chicago)">Museum of Science and Industry</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a>. It is displayed upside down next to a wraparound balcony, and details of the cockpit can readily be seen. This airframe was built in 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was cleaned and reskinned by Century Aviation in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>6200 – JN-4D being restored for flight by Ranger Airfield Foundation in Ranger, Texas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>8644 – Airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Sonoma_Valley_Airport" title="Sonoma Valley Airport">Sonoma Valley Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sonoma,_California" title="Sonoma, California">Sonoma, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>10875 – JN-4C owned by John Shue in <a href="/wiki/York,_Pennsylvania" title="York, Pennsylvania">York, Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MSN 65 – JN-4D on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Denver_International_Airport" title="Denver International Airport">Denver International Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Denver,_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver, Colorado">Denver, Colorado</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MSN 450 – JN-4D airworthy at <a href="/wiki/Fagen_Fighters_WWII_Museum" title="Fagen Fighters WWII Museum">Fagen Fighters WWII Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Granite_Falls,_Minnesota" title="Granite Falls, Minnesota">Granite Falls, Minnesota</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was previously on display at the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Aviation_Museum" title="Virginia Aviation Museum">Virginia Aviation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a>, on loan from Ken Hyde of <a href="/wiki/Warrenton,_Virginia" title="Warrenton, Virginia">Warrenton, Virginia</a>. This airframe was built in 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MSN 490 – JN-4 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/National_Naval_Aviation_Museum" title="National Naval Aviation Museum">National Naval Aviation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pensacola,_Florida" title="Pensacola, Florida">Pensacola, Florida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MSN 3712 – JN-4D airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Flying_Heritage_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Flying Heritage Collection">Flying Heritage Collection</a> in <a href="/wiki/Everett,_Washington" title="Everett, Washington">Everett, Washington</a>. This airframe was built in May 1918, and at one time served at <a href="/wiki/March_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="March Field">March Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MSN 4072 – JN-4D on display at the <a href="/wiki/Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum" title="Frontiers of Flight Museum">Frontiers of Flight Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas, Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MSN 4983 – JN-4D on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Steven_F._Udvar-Hazy_Center" title="Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center">Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Air_and_Space_Museum" title="National Air and Space Museum">National Air and Space Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chantilly,_Virginia" title="Chantilly, Virginia">Chantilly, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MSN 8047 – JN-4D airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_Air_Museum" title="Golden Age Air Museum">Golden Age Air Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bethel,_Berks_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Bethel, Berks County, Pennsylvania">Bethel, Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>USMC A4160 – On static display at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="National Museum of the Marine Corps">National Museum of the Marine Corps</a> in <a href="/wiki/Triangle,_Virginia" title="Triangle, Virginia">Triangle, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>USASC 34094 – JN-4D airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Owls_Head_Transportation_Museum" title="Owls Head Transportation Museum">Owls Head Transportation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Owls_Head,_Maine" title="Owls Head, Maine">Owls Head, Maine</a>. This airframe was built in 1917 by the St. Louis Airplane Company.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>USASC 34135 – JN-4D airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Military_Aviation_Museum" title="Military Aviation Museum">Military Aviation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>USASC 38428 – JN-4D on static display at <a href="/wiki/The_Henry_Ford" title="The Henry Ford">The Henry Ford</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dearborn,_Michigan" title="Dearborn, Michigan">Dearborn, Michigan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>USASC 39158 – JN-4(Can) on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Aviation_and_Space_Museum" title="Canada Aviation and Space Museum">Canada Aviation and Space Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottawa, Ontario">Ottawa, Ontario</a>. It is painted with the registration number C227.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airframe was acquired in 1962 and restoration was completed in May 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Replica – JN-4(Can) airworthy at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle%27s_Mere_Air_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eagle's Mere Air Museum (page does not exist)">Eagle's Mere Air Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Eagles_Mere,_Pennsylvania" title="Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania">Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was formerly owned by Skeeter Carlson of <a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a>, and is painted as C1122.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Replica – On display at the <a href="/wiki/Combat_Air_Museum" title="Combat Air Museum">Combat Air Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka, Kansas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Reproduction – JN-4D on display at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Flight" title="Museum of Flight">Museum of Flight</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>. The airframe was built up from parts.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>C1347 – JN-4(Can) on display at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Alberta_Museum" title="Royal Alberta Museum">Royal Alberta Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Edmonton,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmonton, Alberta">Edmonton, Alberta</a>, on loan from the <a href="/wiki/Reynolds-Alberta_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Reynolds-Alberta Museum">Reynolds-Alberta Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wetaskiwin,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Wetaskiwin, Alberta">Wetaskiwin, Alberta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (May 2020)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4(Can) airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Historic_Aircraft_Restoration_Museum" title="Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum">Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Heights,_Missouri" title="Maryland Heights, Missouri">Maryland Heights, Missouri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>C308 – JN-4(Can) airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Flight_Museum" title="Pioneer Flight Museum">Pioneer Flight Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingsbury,_Texas" title="Kingsbury, Texas">Kingsbury, Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4D on display at the <a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls_Municipal_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Wichita Falls Municipal Airport">Wichita Falls Municipal Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls, Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its last flight was to the airport to be put on display.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4D on static display in partially unskinned condition at <a href="/wiki/EAA_AirVenture_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="EAA AirVenture Museum">EAA AirVenture Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oshkosh,_Wisconsin" title="Oshkosh, Wisconsin">Oshkosh, Wisconsin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – Airworthy with Friends of Jenny in <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green, Kentucky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Cradle_of_Aviation_Museum" title="Cradle of Aviation Museum">Cradle of Aviation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Garden_City,_New_York" title="Garden City, New York">Garden City, New York</a>. This airframe is the aircraft owned by Charles Lindbergh in which he barnstormed long before his transatlantic flight. Lindbergh purchased this aircraft in Americus, Georgia, for $500 in May 1923, and sold it to his flying student in Iowa the following October. It was restored by the late George Dade in the 1970s, and is on loan from the Long Island Early Fliers Club.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4 on static display in unskinned condition at the Cradle of Aviation Museum in Garden City, New York.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4D on display at the <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_of_Flight" title="Fantasy of Flight">Fantasy of Flight</a> in <a href="/wiki/Polk_City,_Florida" title="Polk City, Florida">Polk City, Florida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4D on static display as SC5002/43 at the <a href="/wiki/Hill_Aerospace_Museum" title="Hill Aerospace Museum">Hill Aerospace Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Roy,_Utah" title="Roy, Utah">Roy, Utah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Restored during the 1970s by Jim Nissen, and flown with c/r N5001.</li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4D on static display in unskinned condition at the <a href="/wiki/Yanks_Air_Museum" title="Yanks Air Museum">Yanks Air Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chino,_California" title="Chino, California">Chino, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4D on display at the Yanks Air Museum in Chino, California.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4D on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Glenn_H._Curtiss_Museum" title="Glenn H. Curtiss Museum">Glenn H. Curtiss Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hammondsport,_New_York" title="Hammondsport, New York">Hammondsport, New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID - JN-4D on display at <a href="/wiki/Fairbanks_International_Airport" title="Fairbanks International Airport">Fairbanks International Airport</a> in Fairbanks, Alaska. <sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unknown ID – JN-4H airworthy at the <a href="/wiki/Old_Rhinebeck_Aerodrome" title="Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome">Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome</a> in <a href="/wiki/Red_Hook,_New_York" title="Red Hook, New York">Red Hook, New York</a>. It is painted as a US Navy Model 1E, BuNo A6226, and is powered by a <a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza_8" title="Hispano-Suiza 8">Hispano-Suiza 8</a> engine.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(JN-4D)"><span id="Specifications_.28JN-4D.29"></span>Specifications (JN-4D)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Specifications (JN-4D)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_JN-4B_Jenny_3-view_line_drawing.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Curtiss_JN-4B_Jenny_3-view_line_drawing.svg/220px-Curtiss_JN-4B_Jenny_3-view_line_drawing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Curtiss_JN-4B_Jenny_3-view_line_drawing.svg/330px-Curtiss_JN-4B_Jenny_3-view_line_drawing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Curtiss_JN-4B_Jenny_3-view_line_drawing.svg/440px-Curtiss_JN-4B_Jenny_3-view_line_drawing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1337" data-file-height="1842" /></a><figcaption>Curtiss JN-4B</figcaption></figure> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947,<sup id="cite_ref-Bowers1979_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowers1979-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 156">: 156 </span></sup> The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> 2</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 27 ft 4 in (8.33 m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>43 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in (13.30 m)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">9 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in (3.01 m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 352 sq ft (32.7 m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">Airfoil</a>:</b> Eiffel 36<sup id="cite_ref-Selig_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Selig-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 1,390 lb (630 kg)</li> <li><b>Gross weight:</b> 1,920 lb (871 kg)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 1 × <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_OX-5" title="Curtiss OX-5">Curtiss OX-5</a> V-8 air-cooled piston engine, 90 hp (67 kW)</li> <li><b>Propellers:</b> 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Maximum speed:</b> 75 mph (121 km/h, 65 kn)</li> <li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 60 mph (97 km/h, 52 kn)</li> <li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 6,500 ft (2,000 m)</li> <li><b>Time to altitude:</b> 2,000 ft (610 m) in 7 minutes 30 seconds</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commemorations">Commemorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Commemorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An image of the Curtis Jenny appeared on the first airmail stamps issued by the U.S. Post Office in 1918 </p> <table style="margin:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1918_-range_rtis_Jenny_BiplaneC1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/1918_-range_rtis_Jenny_BiplaneC1.jpg/176px-1918_-range_rtis_Jenny_BiplaneC1.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/1918_-range_rtis_Jenny_BiplaneC1.jpg/264px-1918_-range_rtis_Jenny_BiplaneC1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/1918_-range_rtis_Jenny_BiplaneC1.jpg/352px-1918_-range_rtis_Jenny_BiplaneC1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="784" data-file-height="702" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtis_Jenny_16c_1918_issue.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Curtis_Jenny_16c_1918_issue.JPG/176px-Curtis_Jenny_16c_1918_issue.JPG" decoding="async" width="176" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Curtis_Jenny_16c_1918_issue.JPG/264px-Curtis_Jenny_16c_1918_issue.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Curtis_Jenny_16c_1918_issue.JPG/352px-Curtis_Jenny_16c_1918_issue.JPG 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="704" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_stamp_1918_24c_Curtiss_Jenny_-C3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/US_stamp_1918_24c_Curtiss_Jenny_-C3.jpg/176px-US_stamp_1918_24c_Curtiss_Jenny_-C3.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/US_stamp_1918_24c_Curtiss_Jenny_-C3.jpg/264px-US_stamp_1918_24c_Curtiss_Jenny_-C3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/US_stamp_1918_24c_Curtiss_Jenny_-C3.jpg/352px-US_stamp_1918_24c_Curtiss_Jenny_-C3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="784" data-file-height="692" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_"Inverted_Jenny"_stamp"><span id="The_.22Inverted_Jenny.22_stamp"></span>The "Inverted Jenny" stamp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The "Inverted Jenny" stamp"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Airmail_inverted_Jenny_24c_1918_issue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Airmail_inverted_Jenny_24c_1918_issue.jpg/180px-US_Airmail_inverted_Jenny_24c_1918_issue.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Airmail_inverted_Jenny_24c_1918_issue.jpg/270px-US_Airmail_inverted_Jenny_24c_1918_issue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Airmail_inverted_Jenny_24c_1918_issue.jpg/360px-US_Airmail_inverted_Jenny_24c_1918_issue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="705" data-file-height="606" /></a><figcaption>"Inverted Jenny" (C-3a P57)</figcaption></figure> <p>The "<a href="/wiki/Inverted_Jenny" title="Inverted Jenny">Inverted Jenny</a>" (C-3a) is a 24-cent 1918 US Air Mail <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamp" title="Postage stamp">postage stamp</a> printing error in which the blue central <a href="/wiki/Vignette_(philately)" title="Vignette (philately)">vignette</a> of US Army Curtiss JN-4HM #38262, the nation's <a href="/wiki/Airmails_of_the_United_States#U.S._Government_flown_Air_Mail" class="mw-redirect" title="Airmails of the United States">first mailplane</a>, appeared as "inverted" on a single sheet of 100 stamps.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_appearances_in_media">Notable appearances in media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notable appearances in media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1921, <a href="/wiki/Lee_De_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee De Forest">Lee De Forest</a> made a <a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">short film</a> <i>Flying Jenny Airplane</i> in his <a href="/wiki/Phonofilm" title="Phonofilm">Phonofilm</a> <a href="/wiki/Sound-on-film" title="Sound-on-film">sound-on-film</a> process. The film depicted a JN-4 flying, and recorded the sound of the Jenny, as well. The short documentary was the first production of the De Forest Phonofilm company.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss_Jenny_plane_in_Wichita_Falls,_TX_IMG_6857.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Curtiss_Jenny_plane_in_Wichita_Falls%2C_TX_IMG_6857.JPG/220px-Curtiss_Jenny_plane_in_Wichita_Falls%2C_TX_IMG_6857.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Curtiss_Jenny_plane_in_Wichita_Falls%2C_TX_IMG_6857.JPG/330px-Curtiss_Jenny_plane_in_Wichita_Falls%2C_TX_IMG_6857.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Curtiss_Jenny_plane_in_Wichita_Falls%2C_TX_IMG_6857.JPG/440px-Curtiss_Jenny_plane_in_Wichita_Falls%2C_TX_IMG_6857.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>This 1917 Curtiss Jenny still flies on occasion. Its home base is the Call Memorial Museum in <a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Among many later films depicting the barnstorming era when the Jennys "ruled supreme" and played a feature role, was <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_St._Louis_(film)" title="The Spirit of St. Louis (film)">The Spirit of St. Louis</a></i> (1957) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Waldo_Pepper" title="The Great Waldo Pepper">The Great Waldo Pepper</a></i> (1974).<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Court_Martial_of_Billy_Mitchell" class="mw-redirect" title="The Court Martial of Billy Mitchell">The Court Martial of Billy Mitchell</a></i> (1955), authentic OX-5 Jennys were showcased as United States Army Air Service training aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Broadcast on April 15, 1987, by <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic Channel">National Geographic</a></i> special entitled "Treasures from the Past" featured the restoration and first flight by Ken Hyde of a JN-4D that would go on to win the "Lindy Award" at the <a href="/wiki/EAA_AirVenture_Oshkosh" title="EAA AirVenture Oshkosh">EAA AirVenture Oshkosh</a> '87.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stamp also made an appearance in the 1985 film starring Richard Pryor, <i><a href="/wiki/Brewster%27s_Millions_(1985_film)" title="Brewster's Millions (1985 film)">Brewster's Millions</a></i>, in which the titular character mails an "Inverted Jenny" stamp as part of a ploy to very quickly and frivolously spend as much money as possible. <sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airmails_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Airmails of the United States">Airmails of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_J" title="Standard J">Standard J</a>, the Jenny's primary "competitor" for both its military contract and in civilian barnstorming aviation exhibitions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Bird_Jenny" title="Early Bird Jenny">Early Bird Jenny</a>, a homebuilt kit aircraft replica of the JN-4</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Both the US Army version and the Canadian derivative for the Royal Flying Corps were known as JN-4s. To differentiate between the types, unofficially, the RFC designation was the JN-4 (Canadian).<sup id="cite_ref-Molson_and_Taylor_p._219_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molson_and_Taylor_p._219-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Surplus JN-4s typically fetched between $200 and $500, depending on condition.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._88-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The front cockpit that was normally for the student in military training was usually used for passengers in postwar joy rides, so the pilot could keep an eye on his paying customer/s.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._89-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The JN-4 Canuck was often chosen for barnstorming as the lighter, more responsive, and more economical variant was also in large supply.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester_p._89-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quote: "A JN-4-d plane was used; speed was successful, transmitting about 3 miles from plane to plane and was also received from ground to plane, and vice versa."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stinson's aircraft built to her specifications was used for fundraising tours for the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a>. During exhibition flights in Canada, she set a <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian</a> distance and endurance record, and made the second air mail flight in Canada between Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta. A replica is at the <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Aviation_Museum" title="Alberta Aviation Museum">Alberta Aviation Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stinson_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stinson-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The name "Severski" was a play on designer <a href="/wiki/Alexander_P._de_Seversky" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander P. de Seversky">Alexander P. de Seversky</a>'s name, emphasizing the use of skis.<sup id="cite_ref-Severski_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Severski-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The printing error occurred when an operator of a hand-rolled spider press by printing the blue vignette impressions upside down after the red frames had previously been printed on the sheet.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the Jenny vignette was only inverted on one sheet, this stamp represents the rarest and most valuable known <a href="/wiki/United_States_Post_Office_Department" title="United States Post Office Department">USPOD</a> printing error of all time. A single example (sheet position 57) sold at auction in 2007 for $977,500.00.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stamp was reissued for a limited time as a $2 stamp in October 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Auliard 2009, p. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rumerman, Judy. "The Curtiss JN-4 "Jenny". <i>U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission</i>, 2003.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roseberry 1972, p. 477.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Angelucci 1973, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bowers 1966, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Donald_pp._279–280-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Donald_pp._279–280_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Donald_pp._279–280_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Donald 1997, pp. 279–280.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-House_p._168-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-House_p._168_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-House_p._168_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">House 2003 p. 168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Larson 2004, pp. 19–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Molson_and_Taylor_p._219-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Molson_and_Taylor_p._219_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Molson_and_Taylor_p._219_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Molson and Taylor 1982, p. 219.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Story of the Winged S by Igor I. Sikorsky</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Winchester_p._88-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._88_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Winchester 2004, p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Engine that Saved Aviation: OX-5." <i> Air Classics,</i> Issue 3, Fall 1965, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Molson and Taylor 1982, p. 225.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chajkowsky 1979, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abheritage.ca/aviation/history/ww1_toronto.html">"Royal Flying Corps Starts Training in Toronto."</a> <i>abheritage.ca.</i> Retrieved: 10 September 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hurd and Jernigan 2002, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Winchester_p._89-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winchester_p._89_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Winchester 2004, p. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindbergh 1927, pp. 39–43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.charleslindbergh.com/plane/firstplane.asp">"Charles Lindbergh's First Solo Flight & First Plane."</a> <i>Charles Lindbergh official site.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Report of the Chief Signal Officer to the Secretary of War, October 15, 1919". <i>Annual Report,</i> War Department, 1919, pp. 262–263.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Handwritten letter, dated August 18, 1917, from Western Electric Co (Bell Labs) design engineer Lewis M. Clement to Vesta L. Clement, his wife, with a detailed first-person account of the first successful test of 'plane-to-plane' and 'plane-to-ground' radiotelephony from JN-4-d airplanes in flight conducted that day at Langley Field, VA." <i>The Cooper Collection of U.S. Aviation History</i> (Private collection: original letter location), Ardmore, Pennsylvania.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cprr.org/Museum/Radio.html">"Lewis Mason Clement: Pioneer of Radio."</a> <i>CPRR.org,</i> September 2010. Retrieved: 5 September 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ausflying.com.au/news/debunking-dive-bomber-myths">"Debunking dive bomber myths."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120722112826/http://www.ausflying.com.au/news/debunking-dive-bomber-myths">Archived</a> 2012-07-22 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> <i>Flightpath</i>, Volume 21, Number 4, 17 April 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nowarra 1982, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Auliard 2009, pp. 46–47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_curtiss_jenny.html">"Curtiss Jenny (Model JN)"</a>. <i>www.historyofwar.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.historyofwar.org&rft.atitle=Curtiss+Jenny+%28Model+JN%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyofwar.org%2Farticles%2Fweapons_curtiss_jenny.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_curtiss_JN3.html">"Curtiss JN-3"</a>. <i>www.historyofwar.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aerodynamic+Media&rft.atitle=Restored+Curtiss+Jenny+Debuts+at+San+Antonio+Airport&rft.date=2017-11-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faerodynamicmedia.com%2Frestored-curtiss-jenny-debuts-at-san-antonio-airport&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msichicago.org/explore/whats-here/exhibits/transportation-gallery/the-exhibit/smaller-aircraft/curtiss-jn-4d">"1917 Curtiss JN-4D"</a>. <i>Museum of Science and Industry</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N3223">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Aviation+Administration&rft.atitle=FAA+Registry+%5BN3223%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FNNum_Results.aspx%3FNNumbertxt%3DN3223&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002134302/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=25559">"FAA Registry [N25559]"</a>. <i>Federal Aviation Administration</i>. U.S. Department of Transportation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=25559">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Aviation+Administration&rft.atitle=FAA+Registry+%5BN25559%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FNNum_Results.aspx%3FNNumbertxt%3D25559&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=296">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JN-4D Jenny, s/n SC1918 USAAC, c/n 65"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fagen+Fighters+WWII+Museum&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4+Jenny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fagenfighterswwiimuseum.org%2Faircraft%2Fjn-4%2Fjn-4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=23211">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JN-4D Jenny, s/n 2975 USAAS, c/n 450, c/r N2975 {2}"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N2975">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Aviation+Administration&rft.atitle=FAA+Registry+%5BN2975%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FNNum_Results.aspx%3FNNumbertxt%3DN2975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/attractions/aircraft-exhibits/item/?item=jn-4_jenny">"JN-4 "JENNY"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>National Naval Aviation Museum</i>. Naval Aviation Museum Foundation.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Naval+Aviation+Museum&rft.atitle=JN-4+%22JENNY%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navalaviationmuseum.org%2Fattractions%2Faircraft-exhibits%2Fitem%2F%3Fitem%3Djn-4_jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=62575">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JN-4D Jenny, s/n A0995 USN, c/n 490, c/r N75234"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flyingheritage.com/TemplatePlane.aspx?contentId=25">the original</a> on 6 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flying+Heritage+Collection&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4D+Jenny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flyingheritage.com%2FTemplatePlane.aspx%3FcontentId%3D25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=24161">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JN-4D Jenny, c/n 3712, c/r N3712"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aerial+Visuals&rft.atitle=Airframe+Dossier+-+Curtiss+JN-4D+Jenny%2C+c%2Fn+3712%2C+c%2Fr+N3712&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faerialvisuals.ca%2FAirframeDossier.php%3FSerial%3D24161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002064409/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N3712">"FAA Registry [3712]"</a>. <i>Federal Aviation Administration</i>. U.S. Department of Transportation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N3712">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Aviation+Administration&rft.atitle=FAA+Registry+%5B3712%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FNNum_Results.aspx%3FNNumbertxt%3DN3712&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161009040619/http://www.flightmuseum.com/exhibits/aircraft-3/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny/">"Curtiss JN-4D "Jenny"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Frontiers of Flight Museum</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightmuseum.com/exhibits/aircraft-3/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">the original</a> on 9 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+of+Flight+Museum&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4D+%22Jenny%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightmuseum.com%2Fexhibits%2Faircraft-3%2Fcurtiss-jn-4d-jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191207110403/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">"Curtiss JN-4D Jenny"</a>. <i>Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum</i>. National Air and Space Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">the original</a> on 7 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+National+Air+and+Space+Museum&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4D+Jenny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fairandspace.si.edu%2Fcollection-objects%2Fcurtiss-jn-4d-jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goldenageair.org/collection/1918jenny.htm">"1918 Curtiss JN4D "Jenny"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Golden Age Air Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Golden+Age+Air+Museum&rft.atitle=1918+Curtiss+JN4D+%22Jenny%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goldenageair.org%2Fcollection%2F1918jenny.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=23199">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JN-4D Jenny, c/r N2946"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usmcmuseum.com/leatherneck-gallery.html">the original</a> on 1 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.militaryaviationmuseum.org/ww1-aircraft.html">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Military+Aviation+Museum&rft.atitle=WWI+-+Aircraft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.militaryaviationmuseum.org%2Fww1-aircraft.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=30827">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JN-4D Jenny, c/r N6898C"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N6898C">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Canada Science and Technology Museums Corporation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://casmuseum.techno-science.ca/en/collection-research/artifact-curtiss-jn-4-canuck.php">the original</a> on 2 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Combat+Air+Museum&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4D-2+Jenny+Replica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combatairmuseum.org%2Faircraft%2Fcurtissjenny.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museumofflight.org/aircraft/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny-reproduction">"Curtiss JN-4D Jenny Reproduction"</a>. <i>The Museum Of Flight</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reynolds+Museum&rft.atitle=Aviation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freynoldsmuseum.ca%2Faviation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historicaircraftrestorationmuseum.org/museumhangar4.html">"Museum Hangar 4"</a>. <i>Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historic+Aircraft+Restoration+Museum&rft.atitle=Museum+Hangar+4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historicaircraftrestorationmuseum.org%2Fmuseumhangar4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002124850/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N496C">"FAA Registry [N496C]"</a>. <i>Federal Aviation Administration</i>. U.S. Department of Transportation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N496C">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Aviation+Administration&rft.atitle=FAA+Registry+%5BN496C%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FNNum_Results.aspx%3FNNumbertxt%3DN496C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161020225743/http://pioneerflightmuseum.org/aircraft/canuck/index.shtml">"Curtiss Canuck"</a>. <i>Pioneer Flight Museum</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pioneerflightmuseum.org/aircraft/canuck/index.shtml">the original</a> on 20 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pioneer+Flight+Museum&rft.atitle=Curtiss+Canuck&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpioneerflightmuseum.org%2Faircraft%2Fcanuck%2Findex.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002093602/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=308F">"FAA Registry [N308F]"</a>. <i>Federal Aviation Administration</i>. U.S. Department of Transportation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=308F">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Aviation+Administration&rft.atitle=FAA+Registry+%5BN308F%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FNNum_Results.aspx%3FNNumbertxt%3D308F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museumofnorthtexashistory.org/jenny-to-jet-exhibit.html">"Jenny to Jet Exhibit"</a>. <i>Museum of North Texas History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Museum+of+North+Texas+History&rft.atitle=Jenny+to+Jet+Exhibit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.museumofnorthtexashistory.org%2Fjenny-to-jet-exhibit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nebula.wsimg.com/e8b0eda87c60974e7c62810ca9afef84?AccessKeyId=FA9C52891F8D848D1C23&disposition=0">"The Journeys of "Our Jenny"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Museum of North Texas History<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Journeys+of+%22Our+Jenny%22&rft.pub=Museum+of+North+Texas+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnebula.wsimg.com%2Fe8b0eda87c60974e7c62810ca9afef84%3FAccessKeyId%3DFA9C52891F8D848D1C23%26disposition%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eaa.org/en/eaa-museum/museum-collection/aircraft-collection-folder/1918-curtiss-jn4d-jenny">"1918 Curtiss JN4D 'Jenny'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>EAA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EAA&rft.atitle=1918+Curtiss+JN4D+%27Jenny%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eaa.org%2Fen%2Feaa-museum%2Fmuseum-collection%2Faircraft-collection-folder%2F1918-curtiss-jn4d-jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.friendsofjenny.org/about-foj.html">"About FOJ"</a>. <i>Friends of Jenny</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Friends+of+Jenny&rft.atitle=About+FOJ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.friendsofjenny.org%2Fabout-foj.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161024141645/http://www.cradleofaviation.org/history/permanent_exhibits/world_war_i/curtiss_jn-4_jenny.html">"Curtiss JN-4 "Jenny"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Cradle of Aviation Museum and Education Center</i>. Cradle of Aviation Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cradleofaviation.org/history/permanent_exhibits/world_war_i/curtiss_jn-4_jenny.html">the original</a> on 24 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cradle+of+Aviation+Museum+and+Education+Center&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4+%22Jenny%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cradleofaviation.org%2Fhistory%2Fpermanent_exhibits%2Fworld_war_i%2Fcurtiss_jn-4_jenny.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://century-aviation.com/essential_grid/1918-curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">"1918 Curtiss JN-4D 'Jenny'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Century Aviation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Century+Aviation&rft.atitle=1918+Curtiss+JN-4D+%27Jenny%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcentury-aviation.com%2Fessential_grid%2F1918-curtiss-jn-4d-jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170527143336/http://www.hill.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/397321/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">"Curtiss JN-4D "Jenny"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Hill Air Force Base</i>. 24 September 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hill.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/397321/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">the original</a> on 27 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hill+Air+Force+Base&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4D+%22Jenny%22&rft.date=2007-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hill.af.mil%2FAbout-Us%2FFact-Sheets%2FDisplay%2FArticle%2F397321%2Fcurtiss-jn-4d-jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yanksair.org/collection/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny/">"Curtiss JN-4D Jenny"</a>. <i>Yanks Air Museum</i>. 2017-02-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yanks+Air+Museum&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4D+Jenny&rft.date=2017-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyanksair.org%2Fcollection%2Fcurtiss-jn-4d-jenny%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=21201">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JN-4D Jenny, c/r N1563"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aerial+Visuals&rft.atitle=Airframe+Dossier+-+Curtiss+JN-4D+Jenny%2C+c%2Fr+N1563&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faerialvisuals.ca%2FAirframeDossier.php%3FSerial%3D21201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228172216/https://yanksair.org/collection/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny-2/">"Curtiss JN-4D Jenny"</a>. <i>Yanks Air Museum</i>. 2017-05-10. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yanksair.org/collection/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny-2/">the original</a> on 2019-12-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yanks+Air+Museum&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4D+Jenny&rft.date=2017-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyanksair.org%2Fcollection%2Fcurtiss-jn-4d-jenny-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=93194">"Airframe Dossier - Curtiss JNS Jenny, c/n A-6, c/r N1104"</a>. <i>Aerial Visuals</i>. AerialVisuals.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aerial+Visuals&rft.atitle=Airframe+Dossier+-+Curtiss+JNS+Jenny%2C+c%2Fn+A-6%2C+c%2Fr+N1104&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faerialvisuals.ca%2FAirframeDossier.php%3FSerial%3D93194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glennhcurtissmuseum.org/aircraft.php">"Aircraft"</a>. <i>Glenn H. Curtiss Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Glenn+H.+Curtiss+Museum&rft.atitle=Aircraft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glennhcurtissmuseum.org%2Faircraft.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uaf.edu/museum/press/spotlight/jenny/#:~:text=The%20Curtiss%20JN-4D%20%E2%80%9CJenny,it%20to%20its%20original%20appearance.">"Jenny | Museum | Museum of the North"</a>. <i>www.uaf.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.uaf.edu&rft.atitle=Jenny+%7C+Museum+%7C+Museum+of+the+North&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uaf.edu%2Fmuseum%2Fpress%2Fspotlight%2Fjenny%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520Curtiss%2520JN-4D%2520%25E2%2580%259CJenny%2Cit%2520to%2520its%2520original%2520appearance.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002191343/http://oldrhinebeck.org/curtiss-jn-4h-jenny/">"Curtiss JN-4H Jenny"</a>. <i>Cole Palen's Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome</i>. Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oldrhinebeck.org/curtiss-jn-4h-jenny">the original</a> on 2 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cole+Palen%27s+Old+Rhinebeck+Aerodrome&rft.atitle=Curtiss+JN-4H+Jenny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foldrhinebeck.org%2Fcurtiss-jn-4h-jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donald 1997, p. 280.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Selig-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Selig_112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLednicer" class="citation web cs1">Lednicer, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html">"The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage"</a>. <i>m-selig.ae.illinois.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu&rft.atitle=The+Incomplete+Guide+to+Airfoil+Usage&rft.aulast=Lednicer&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm-selig.ae.illinois.edu%2Fads%2Faircraft.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The 1918 24¢ Inverted “Jenny” (Siegel Auction catalogue, Sale 1010A, June 18, 2011), p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.siegelauctions.com/2007/946a/s946a.htm">"Robert A. Siegel Auction #946a."</a> <i>SiegelAuctions.com</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://about.usps.com/news/national-releases/2013/pr13_006.htm">"USPS reissues America's most famous stamp"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USPS+reissues+America%27s+most+famous+stamp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabout.usps.com%2Fnews%2Fnational-releases%2F2013%2Fpr13_006.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0482207">"Flying Jenny Airplane" (1921).</a> IMDB, Retrieved: 4 September 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harwick and Schnepf 1989, pp. 57, 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harwick and Schnepf 1989, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chase, Gene. "From Jets to Jennies: Ken Hyde's Grand Champion Curtiss JN4D." <i>Sport Aviation,</i>Volume 36, No. 11, November 1987, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/stolen-in-1955-famous-inverted-jenny-stamp-resurfaces/">"Stolen in 1955, famous "inverted Jenny" stamp resurfaces - CBS News"</a>. <i>www.cbsnews.com</i>. 2016-04-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cbsnews.com&rft.atitle=Stolen+in+1955%2C+famous+%22inverted+Jenny%22+stamp+resurfaces+-+CBS+News&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fstolen-in-1955-famous-inverted-jenny-stamp-resurfaces%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Angelucci, Enzo. <i>Great Aeroplanes of the World</i>. London: Hamlyn, 1973. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-600-38663-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-600-38663-5">0-600-38663-5</a>.</li> <li>Auliard, Gilles. "Maiden of the Skies." <i>Air Classics</i>, Volume 45, No. 4, April 2009.</li> <li>Bowers, Peter M. "Jenny's Younger Sister." <i>Air Progress,</i> Volume 18, No. 2, February/March 1966.</li> <li>Chajkowsky, William E. <i>Royal Flying Corps: Borden to Texas to Beamsville.</i> Eden Prairie, Ontario, Canada: Boston Mills Press, 1979. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-919822-23-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-919822-23-8">978-0-919822-23-8</a>.</li> <li>Donald, David, ed. <i>The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft</i>. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85605-375-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85605-375-X">1-85605-375-X</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHagedorn1992" class="citation magazine cs1">Hagedorn, Dan (March–May 1992). "Curtiss Types in Latin America". <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Enthusiast" title="Air Enthusiast">Air Enthusiast</a></i>. No. 45. pp. 61–77. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0143-5450">0143-5450</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Enthusiast&rft.atitle=Curtiss+Types+in+Latin+America&rft.issue=45&rft.pages=61-77&rft.date=1992-03%2F1992-05&rft.issn=0143-5450&rft.aulast=Hagedorn&rft.aufirst=Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACurtiss+JN+Jenny" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Harwick, Jack and Ed Schnepf. "A Viewer's Guide to Aviation Movies". <i>The Making of the Great Aviation Films,</i> General Aviation Series, Volume 2, 1989.</li> <li>House, Kirk W. <i>Hell-Rider to King of the Air.</i> Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE International, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7680-0802-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7680-0802-6">0-7680-0802-6</a>.</li> <li>Hurd, William W. and John G. Jernigan. <i>Aeromedical Evacuation: Management of Acute and Stabilized Patients.</i> New York: Springer Publishing, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98604-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98604-3">978-0-387-98604-3</a>.</li> <li>Jones, A.D. <i>Aerial Mail Service: A Chronology of the Early United States Government Air Mail, March–December, 1918</i>. Mineola, New York: The American Air Mail Society, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-939429-14-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-939429-14-1">978-0-939429-14-1</a>.</li> <li>Larson, Lt. Col. George A., USAF (Ret.). "Hunting Pancho: The 1st Aero Squadron's Air Operations in support of the Army's 1916 punitive expedition." <i>Air Classics,</i> Volume 40, no. 6, June 2004.</li> <li>Lindbergh, Charles A. <i>"WE"</i> New York & London: G.P. Putnam's Sons (The Knickerbocker Press), 1927.</li> <li>Molson, Ken M. "The Canadian JN-4." <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aeronautics_and_Space_Journal" title="Canadian Aeronautics and Space Journal">Canadian Aeronautics and Space Journal</a>, Volume 10, No. 3, March 1964.</li> <li>Molson, K.M. <i>Pioneering in Canadian Air Transport</i>. Winnipeg: James Richardson & Sons, Ltd., 1974. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-919212-39-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-919212-39-5">0-919212-39-5</a>.</li> <li>Molson, Ken M. and Harold A. Taylor. <i>Canadian Aircraft Since 1909</i>. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc., 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-920002-11-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-920002-11-0">0-920002-11-0</a>.</li> <li>Nowarra, Heinz J. <i>Gezielter Sturz. Die Geschichte der Sturzkampfbomber aus aller Welt</i> (in German). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag, 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-87943-844-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-87943-844-7">3-87943-844-7</a>.</li> <li>Roseberry, C.R. <i>Glenn Curtiss: Pioneer of Flight, A Biography.</i> Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, 1972. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8156-0264-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8156-0264-2">0-8156-0264-2</a>.</li> <li><i>United States Air Force Museum Guidebook</i>. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation, 1975.</li> <li>Winchester, Jim, ed. "Curtiss JN-4 'Jenny'." <i>Biplanes, Triplanes and Seaplanes</i> (Aviation Factfile). London: Grange Books plc, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84013-641-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-84013-641-3">1-84013-641-3</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_JN_Jenny&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Curtiss_JN" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Curtiss JN">Curtiss JN</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum's page on its JN-4D</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191207110403/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/curtiss-jn-4d-jenny">Archived</a> 2019-12-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oldrhinebeck.org/curtiss-jn-4h/">Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome's Curtiss JN-4H Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glennhcurtissmuseum.org/museum/collections/aircraft.html">Vintage Aircraft Collection: Glenn H. Curtiss Museum, Hammondsport, New York</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130603060400/http://www.glennhcurtissmuseum.org/museum/collections/aircraft.html">Archived</a> 2013-06-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060526132901/http://historynet.com/ahi/blaeropursuitvilla/index2.html">Account of the 1st Aero Squadron in the pursuit of Pancho Villa</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1908-1920.html">1908-1921 USAAS Serial Numbers</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090531113741/http://www.threepeakspub.com/">"Resurrection of a Jenny" by Chet Peek - Book covering the history of the Curtiss Jenny</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fC6fjVEDBVc">Engine run-up and flight video of restored Texas-based OX-5 powered JN-4C <i>Canuck</i> Jenny</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airbum.com/pireps/PirepJenny.html">"A Lady Named Jenny: Pirep: Curtiss JN4D"</a> (pilot report and aircraft history), Budd Davisson, mid-1970s, <i>Air Progress,</i> at Airbum.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcollections.museumofflight.org/items/show/46283">The Curtiss Standard JN4-B Military Tractor Hand Book</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Curtiss-Wright_aircraft" title="Template:Curtiss-Wright aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Curtiss-Wright_aircraft" title="Template talk:Curtiss-Wright aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Curtiss-Wright_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Curtiss-Wright aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Curtiss_and_Curtiss-Wright_aircraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Aeroplane_and_Motor_Company" title="Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company">Curtiss</a> and <a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright" title="Curtiss-Wright">Curtiss-Wright</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturer<br /> designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_No._1" title="Curtiss No. 1">Golden Flier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_No._2" title="Curtiss No. 2">Reims Racer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Beachey" title="Lincoln Beachey">Beachey Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Model letters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AEA_June_Bug" title="AEA June Bug">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_D" title="Curtiss Model D">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_E" title="Curtiss Model E">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_GS" title="Curtiss GS">GS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_H" title="Curtiss Model H">H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HA" title="Curtiss HA">HA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_J" title="Curtiss Model J">J</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">JN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Twin_JN" title="Curtiss Twin JN">-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_JN-6H" title="Curtiss JN-6H">-6H</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_K" title="Curtiss Model K">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_L" title="Curtiss Model L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">MF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_N" title="Curtiss Model N">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_NC" title="Curtiss NC">NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_N" title="Curtiss Model N">O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_R" title="Curtiss Model R">R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_S" title="Curtiss Model S">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Wanamaker_Triplane" title="Curtiss Wanamaker Triplane">T</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Model numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Twin_JN" title="Curtiss Twin JN">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_JN-6H" title="Curtiss JN-6H">F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_R" title="Curtiss Model R">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Wanamaker_Triplane" title="Curtiss Wanamaker Triplane">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_K" title="Curtiss Model K">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_N" title="Curtiss Model N">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_H" title="Curtiss Model H">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_L" title="Curtiss Model L">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_S" title="Curtiss Model S">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Autoplane" title="Curtiss Autoplane">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_NC" title="Curtiss NC">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_18" title="Curtiss 18">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HA" title="Curtiss HA">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Oriole" title="Curtiss Oriole">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">18 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_18" title="Curtiss 18">18 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Eagle" title="Curtiss Eagle">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_PN-1" title="Curtiss PN-1">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Cox_Racer" title="Curtiss Cox Racer">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CR" title="Curtiss CR">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CT" title="Curtiss CT">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenco_D" title="Orenco D">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CR" title="Curtiss CR">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Aircraft_Factory_TS" title="Naval Aircraft Factory TS">28</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_SX4-1_Water_Glider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss SX4-1 Water Glider (page does not exist)">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_NBS-1" title="Martin NBS-1">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CS" title="Curtiss CS">31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_R2C" title="Curtiss R2C">32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">34</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">K/P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XNBS-4" title="Curtiss XNBS-4">36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Aircraft_Factory_TS" title="Naval Aircraft Factory TS">39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Carrier_Pigeon" title="Curtiss Carrier Pigeon">40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_41_Lark" title="Curtiss Model 41 Lark">41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_R3C" title="Curtiss R3C">42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F7C_Seahawk" title="Curtiss F7C Seahawk">43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Fledgling" title="Curtiss Fledgling">48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Robin" title="Curtiss Robin">50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Fledgling" title="Curtiss Fledgling">51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_B-2_Condor" title="Curtiss B-2 Condor">52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_53_Condor" title="Curtiss Model 53 Condor">53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Tanager" title="Curtiss Tanager">54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Kingbird" title="Curtiss Kingbird">55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Thrush" title="Curtiss Thrush">56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Teal" title="Curtiss Teal">57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F9C_Sparrowhawk" title="Curtiss F9C Sparrowhawk">58</a></li> <li>59 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_A-8" title="Curtiss A-8">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YA-10_Shrike" title="Curtiss YA-10 Shrike">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_A-12_Shrike" title="Curtiss A-12 Shrike">60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_O-40_Raven" title="Curtiss O-40 Raven">62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F11C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss F11C Goshawk">64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F11C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss F11C Goshawk">65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-31_Swift" title="Curtiss XP-31 Swift">66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_BF2C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss BF2C Goshawk">67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_BF2C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss BF2C Goshawk">68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_BF2C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss BF2C Goshawk">69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XF13C" title="Curtiss XF13C">70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SOC_Seagull" title="Curtiss SOC Seagull">71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SBC_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SBC Helldiver">73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-36_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-36 Hawk">75</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YP-37" title="Curtiss YP-37">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-42" title="Curtiss XP-42">S</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XA-14" title="Curtiss XA-14">76</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_A-18_Shrike" title="Curtiss A-18 Shrike">A</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SBC_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SBC Helldiver">77</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_Model_78&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss Model 78 (page does not exist)">78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_BF2C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss BF2C Goshawk">79</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_Model_80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss Model 80 (page does not exist)">80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SO3C_Seamew" title="Curtiss SO3C Seamew">82</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_Model_83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss Model 83 (page does not exist)">83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SB2C_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SB2C Helldiver">84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_O-52_Owl" title="Curtiss O-52 Owl">85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-46" title="Curtiss XP-46">86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-60" title="Curtiss P-60">88</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_Model_89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss Model 89 (page does not exist)">89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-60" title="Curtiss P-60">90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-62" title="Curtiss XP-62">91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XSB3C" title="Curtiss XSB3C">93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XF14C" title="Curtiss XF14C">94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-60" title="Curtiss P-60">95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XBTC" title="Curtiss XBTC">96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SC_Seahawk" title="Curtiss SC Seahawk">97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XBT2C" title="Curtiss XBT2C">98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XF15C" title="Curtiss XF15C">99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"L" series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CR" title="Curtiss CR">L-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">L-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Cox_Racer" title="Curtiss Cox Racer">L-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-31_Swift" title="Curtiss XP-31 Swift">L-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_J" title="Standard J">L-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_PN-1" title="Curtiss PN-1">L-44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Oriole" title="Curtiss Oriole">L-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_41_Lark" title="Curtiss Model 41 Lark">L-79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_NBS-1" title="Martin NBS-1">L-85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F7C_Seahawk" title="Curtiss F7C Seahawk">L-115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">L-117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Robin" title="Curtiss Robin">L-710</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"CA" series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CA-1" title="Curtiss-Wright CA-1">CA-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"CR" series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_Junior" title="Curtiss-Wright Junior">CR-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-19" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-19">CR-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"CW" series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_Junior" title="Curtiss-Wright Junior">CW-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_CW-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-2 (page does not exist)">CW-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-3_Duckling" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-3 Duckling">CW-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_T-32_Condor_II" title="Curtiss T-32 Condor II">CW-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_CW-5_Junior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-5 Junior (page does not exist)">CW-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_Air_6000" title="Travel Air 6000">CW-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_Air_8000" title="Travel Air 8000">CW-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_Air_9000" title="Travel Air 9000">CW-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_Air_Model_10" title="Travel Air Model 10">CW-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_Air_Model_11" title="Travel Air Model 11">CW-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-12" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-12">CW-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-15" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-15">CW-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-12" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-12">CW-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-18</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-19" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-19">CW-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">CW-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-21" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-21">CW-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-22" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-22">CW-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-19" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-19">CW-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XP-55_Ascender" title="Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender">CW-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Jeep" title="Curtiss-Wright AT-9 Jeep">CW-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-71" title="Curtiss XP-71">CW-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_C-76_Caravan" title="Curtiss-Wright C-76 Caravan">CW-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">CW-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">CW-29</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_CW-32&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-32 (page does not exist)">CW-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-19" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-19">CW-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doman_LZ-4" title="Doman LZ-4">CW-40</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"P" series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-200&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-200 (page does not exist)">P-200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">P-202</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-212&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-212 (page does not exist)">P-212</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-218&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-218 (page does not exist)">P-218</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-219&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-219 (page does not exist)">P-219</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-222&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-222 (page does not exist)">P-222</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-223&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-223 (page does not exist)">P-223</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-224&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-224 (page does not exist)">P-224</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-225&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-225 (page does not exist)">P-225</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-227&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-227 (page does not exist)">P-227</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-228&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-228 (page does not exist)">P-228</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-229&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-229 (page does not exist)">P-229</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-232&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-232 (page does not exist)">P-232</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-235&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-235 (page does not exist)">P-235</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-238&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-238 (page does not exist)">P-238</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">P-239</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-240&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-240 (page does not exist)">P-240</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-241&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-241 (page does not exist)">P-241</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-243&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-243 (page does not exist)">P-243</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-244&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-244 (page does not exist)">P-244</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-245&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-245 (page does not exist)">P-245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-21" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-21">P-247</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-248&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-248 (page does not exist)">P-248</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-249&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-249 (page does not exist)">P-249</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-250&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-250 (page does not exist)">P-250</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-251&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-251 (page does not exist)">P-251</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-252&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-252 (page does not exist)">P-252</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-253&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-253 (page does not exist)">P-253</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-254&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-254 (page does not exist)">P-254</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-255&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-255 (page does not exist)">P-255</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-256&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-256 (page does not exist)">P-256</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-257&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-257 (page does not exist)">P-257</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-71" title="Curtiss XP-71">P-259</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-261&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-261 (page does not exist)">P-261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-71" title="Curtiss XP-71">P-264</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-268&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-268 (page does not exist)">P-268</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-269&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-269 (page does not exist)">P-269</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-272&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-272 (page does not exist)">P-272</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-273&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-273 (page does not exist)">P-273</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_P-274&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright P-274 (page does not exist)">P-274</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-275&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-275 (page does not exist)">P-275</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-276&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-276 (page does not exist)">P-276</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XP-55_Ascender" title="Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender">P-277</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-278&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-278 (page does not exist)">P-278</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-279&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-279 (page does not exist)">P-279</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-280&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-280 (page does not exist)">P-280</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-282&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-282 (page does not exist)">P-282</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-283&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-283 (page does not exist)">P-283</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-291&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-291 (page does not exist)">P-291</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-292&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-292 (page does not exist)">P-292</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-293&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-293 (page does not exist)">P-293</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-295&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-295 (page does not exist)">P-295</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-296&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-296 (page does not exist)">P-296</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-297&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-297 (page does not exist)">P-297</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">P-298</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">P-299</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-302&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-302 (page does not exist)">P-302</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-303&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-303 (page does not exist)">P-303</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-304&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-304 (page does not exist)">P-304</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">P-305</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-306&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-306 (page does not exist)">P-306</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-307&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-307 (page does not exist)">P-307</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-509&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-509 (page does not exist)">P-509</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-517&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-517 (page does not exist)">P-517</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-518&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-518 (page does not exist)">P-518</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-538&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-538 (page does not exist)">P-538</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-539&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-539 (page does not exist)">P-539</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-541&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-541 (page does not exist)">P-541</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-545&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-545 (page does not exist)">P-545</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-551&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-551 (page does not exist)">P-551</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_P-558&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright P-558 (page does not exist)">P-558</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-565&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-565 (page does not exist)">P-565</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-586&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-586 (page does not exist)">P-586</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-588&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-588 (page does not exist)">P-588</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss_P-592&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss P-592 (page does not exist)">P-592</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"X" series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_X-19" title="Curtiss-Wright X-19">X-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_X-19" title="Curtiss-Wright X-19">X-200</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_X-300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright X-300 (page does not exist)">X-300</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_X-410&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright X-410 (page does not exist)">X-410</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtiss-Wright_X-425&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtiss-Wright X-425 (page does not exist)">X-425</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operator and role</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civil</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_No._1" title="Curtiss No. 1">No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AEA_June_Bug" title="AEA June Bug">Model C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Bleecker_SX-5-1_Helicopter" title="Curtiss-Bleecker SX-5-1 Helicopter">SX-5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Tanager" title="Curtiss Tanager">Tanager</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Racers and record</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_No._2" title="Curtiss No. 2">No. 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Cox_Racer" title="Curtiss Cox Racer">Cox Racer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-B-14R</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airliners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Eagle" title="Curtiss Eagle">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_53_Condor" title="Curtiss Model 53 Condor">Condor 18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_T-32_Condor_II" title="Curtiss T-32 Condor II">Condor II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Kingbird" title="Curtiss Kingbird">Kingbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Thrush" title="Curtiss Thrush">Thrush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">Commando</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Utility</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_D" title="Curtiss Model D">Model D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_E" title="Curtiss Model E">Model E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_F" title="Curtiss Model F">Model F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Carrier_Pigeon" title="Curtiss Carrier Pigeon">Carrier Pigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">Falcon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Robin" title="Curtiss Robin">Robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_41_Lark" title="Curtiss Model 41 Lark">Lark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_Air_6000" title="Travel Air 6000">6B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-12" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-12">CW-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-14 Sportsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-15" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-15">CW-15 Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-12" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-12">CW-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-19" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-19">CW-19W</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Army</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">       Ground attack</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">A-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">A-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">A-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">A-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_A-8" title="Curtiss A-8">A-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YA-10_Shrike" title="Curtiss YA-10 Shrike">YA-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_A-12_Shrike" title="Curtiss A-12 Shrike">A-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XA-14" title="Curtiss XA-14">YA-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_A-18_Shrike" title="Curtiss A-18 Shrike">A-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SB2C_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SB2C Helldiver">A-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XBTC" title="Curtiss XBTC">A-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">XA-43</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bombers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_NBS-1" title="Martin NBS-1">NBS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_B-2_Condor" title="Curtiss B-2 Condor">B-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XNBS-4" title="Curtiss XNBS-4">XNBS-4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Robin" title="Curtiss Robin">XC-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_T-32_Condor_II" title="Curtiss T-32 Condor II">C-30 Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">C-46 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">C-55 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_C-76_Caravan" title="Curtiss-Wright C-76 Caravan">C-76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">C-113 Commando</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_S" title="Curtiss Model S">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_18" title="Curtiss 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_PN-1" title="Curtiss PN-1">PN-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">PW-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">P-1 to P-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-10" title="Curtiss XP-10">XP-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas-Morse_XP-13_Viper" title="Thomas-Morse XP-13 Viper">P-14</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-18" title="Curtiss XP-18">XP-18</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-19" title="Curtiss XP-19">XP-19</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YP-20" title="Curtiss YP-20">YP-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">XP-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-22_Hawk" title="Curtiss XP-22 Hawk">XP-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">XP-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-31_Swift" title="Curtiss XP-31 Swift">XP-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-36_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-36 Hawk">P-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YP-37" title="Curtiss YP-37">YP-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">P-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-42" title="Curtiss XP-42">XP-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-46" title="Curtiss XP-46">XP-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-60" title="Curtiss P-60">XP-53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XP-55_Ascender" title="Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender">XP-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-60" title="Curtiss P-60">YP-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-62" title="Curtiss XP-62">XP-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-71" title="Curtiss XP-71">XP-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">XP-87</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_O-24" title="Curtiss O-24">O-24</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XO-30" title="Curtiss XO-30">XO-30</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_O-40_Raven" title="Curtiss O-40 Raven">O-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_O-52_Owl" title="Curtiss O-52 Owl">O-52</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Racers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CR" title="Curtiss CR">R-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_R2C" title="Curtiss R2C">R-8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_J" title="Curtiss Model J">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_L" title="Curtiss Model L">L</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">JN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Fledgling" title="Curtiss Fledgling">Fledgling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">AT-4 Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">AT-5 Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">BT-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Jeep" title="Curtiss-Wright AT-9 Jeep">AT-9 Jeep</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_X-19" title="Curtiss-Wright X-19">X-19</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Licensed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_F.2_Fighter" title="Bristol F.2 Fighter">USAO-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_NBS-1" title="Martin NBS-1">NBS-1/Model 30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bombers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CT" title="Curtiss CT">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F11C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss F11C Goshawk">BFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_BF2C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss BF2C Goshawk">BF2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SBC_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SBC Helldiver">SBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SB2C_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SB2C Helldiver">SB2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XSB3C" title="Curtiss XSB3C">XSB3C</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XBTC" title="Curtiss XBTC">XBTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XBT2C" title="Curtiss XBT2C">XBT2C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HA" title="Curtiss HA">HA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_GS" title="Curtiss GS">GS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Aircraft_Factory_TS" title="Naval Aircraft Factory TS">TS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Aircraft_Factory_TS" title="Naval Aircraft Factory TS">FC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Aircraft_Factory_TS" title="Naval Aircraft Factory TS">F2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Aircraft_Factory_TS" title="Naval Aircraft Factory TS">F3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Aircraft_Factory_TS" title="Naval Aircraft Factory TS">F4C</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">F5C</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F6C_Hawk" title="Curtiss F6C Hawk">F6C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F7C_Seahawk" title="Curtiss F7C Seahawk">F7C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">F8C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F9C_Sparrowhawk" title="Curtiss F9C Sparrowhawk">F9C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">F10C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_F11C_Goshawk" title="Curtiss F11C Goshawk">F11C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SBC_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SBC Helldiver">XF12C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XF13C" title="Curtiss XF13C">F13C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XF14C" title="Curtiss XF14C">XF14C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XF15C" title="Curtiss XF15C">XF15C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observation/scout</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CS" title="Curtiss CS">CS/SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YA-10_Shrike" title="Curtiss YA-10 Shrike">S2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">XS3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">S4C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SC_Seahawk" title="Curtiss SC Seahawk">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">OC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Falcon" title="Curtiss Falcon">O2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SOC_Seagull" title="Curtiss SOC Seagull">O3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SOC_Seagull" title="Curtiss SOC Seagull">SOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SOC_Seagull" title="Curtiss SOC Seagull">SO2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SO3C_Seamew" title="Curtiss SO3C Seamew">SO3C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_N" title="Curtiss Model N">N-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Fledgling" title="Curtiss Fledgling">N2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-22" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-22">SNC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Kingbird" title="Curtiss Kingbird">RC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_T-32_Condor_II" title="Curtiss T-32 Condor II">R4C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-46_Commando" title="Curtiss C-46 Commando">R5C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maritime patrol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_H" title="Curtiss Model H">H-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felixstowe_F5L" title="Felixstowe F5L">F5L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">HS-1L & HS-2L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Racers and record</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_NC" title="Curtiss NC">NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_CR" title="Curtiss CR">CR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_R2C" title="Curtiss R2C">R2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_R3C" title="Curtiss R3C">R3C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Export</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bombers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-1_Canada" title="Curtiss C-1 Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-14 Osprey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">      Maritime patrol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Model_H" title="Curtiss Model H">H-2, H-4, H-8 and H-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felixstowe_F5L" title="Felixstowe F5L">F5L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">HS-2L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-17 Pursuit Osprey</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-21" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-21">CW-21 Demon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-14 Osprey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-12" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-12">CW-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-14_Osprey" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey">CW-18</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-22" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-22">CW-22</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup> Designation skipped   <sup>2</sup> Not built</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Robertson_and_Wren_aircraft" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Robertson_aircraft" title="Template:Robertson aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Robertson_aircraft" title="Template talk:Robertson aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Robertson_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Robertson aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Robertson_and_Wren_aircraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Robertson_Aircraft_Corporation" title="Robertson Aircraft Corporation">Robertson</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wren_Aircraft_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wren Aircraft Company (page does not exist)">Wren</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Robertson</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robertson_B1-RD" title="Robertson B1-RD">B1-RD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waco_CG-4" title="Waco CG-4">CG-4</a><sup><small>L</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airco_DH.4" title="Airco DH.4">DH-4</a><sup><small>R</small></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">JN</a><sup><small>R</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Oriole" title="Curtiss Oriole">Oriole</a><sup><small>R</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPAD_S.VII" title="SPAD S.VII">S.VII</a><sup><small>R</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertson_Skylark_SRX-1" title="Robertson Skylark SRX-1">Skylark SRX-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_J" title="Standard J">Standard J</a><sup><small>R</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wren</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wren_460" title="Wren 460">Wren 460</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wren_460" title="Wren 460">O-4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>L</sup> Built under license</li> <li><sup>R</sup> Re-manufactured</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Robertson_Airplane_Manufacturing_Company" title="Curtiss-Robertson Airplane Manufacturing Company">Curtiss-Robertson</a> aircraft are listed <a href="/wiki/Template:Curtiss-Wright_aircraft" title="Template:Curtiss-Wright aircraft">here</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Certified/factory-built_aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" title="Template:Aircraft manufactured in Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" title="Template talk:Aircraft manufactured in Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aircraft manufactured in Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Certified/factory-built_aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Certified/factory-built aircraft manufactured in Canada</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_A220" title="Airbus A220">A220</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Avian Industries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avian_Gyroplane" title="Avian Gyroplane">2/180 Gyroplane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada" title="Avro Canada">Avro Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_CF-100_Canuck" title="Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck">CF-100 Canuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_C102_Jetliner" title="Avro Canada C102 Jetliner">C-102 Jetliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_CF-105_Arrow" title="Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow">CF-105 Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_VZ-9_Avrocar" title="Avro Canada VZ-9 Avrocar">VZ-9 Avrocar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bell_Textron" title="Bell Textron">Bell Textron</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_212" title="Bell 212">212</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_214ST" title="Bell 214ST">214ST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_222/230" title="Bell 222/230">230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_407" title="Bell 407">407</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_412" title="Bell 412">412</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_427" title="Bell 427">427</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_429_GlobalRanger" title="Bell 429 GlobalRanger">429 GlobalRanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_505_Jet_Ranger_X" title="Bell 505 Jet Ranger X">505 Jet Ranger X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_525_Relentless" title="Bell 525 Relentless">525 Relentless</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Canada" title="Boeing Canada">Boeing Aircraft of Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Model_204" title="Boeing Model 204">C-204 Thunderbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing-Canada_A-213_Totem" title="Boeing-Canada A-213 Totem">A-213 Totem</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Model_40" title="Boeing Model 40">40H-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburn_Shark" title="Blackburn Shark">Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">PB2B Catalina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aviation" title="Bombardier Aviation">Bombardier</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_CRJ100/200" title="Bombardier CRJ100/200">CRJ100/200/440</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_CRJ700_series" title="Bombardier CRJ700 series">700/900/1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Global_Express" title="Bombardier Global Express">Global Express</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Global_7500" title="Bombardier Global 7500">Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_8" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 8">Q400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_A220" title="Airbus A220">CS100/300</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_300" title="Bombardier Challenger 300">Challenger 300</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">600</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_850" title="Bombardier Challenger 850">850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_8" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 8">Dash 8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Aerospace" title="Bristol Aerospace">Bristol/McDonald Brothers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Anson Mk.V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_North_Star" title="Canadair North Star">CL-4 North Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CP-107_Argus" title="Canadair CP-107 Argus">CL-28 Argus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">CL-41 Tutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-44" title="Canadair CL-44">CL-44 Yukon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-84_Dynavert" title="Canadair CL-84 Dynavert">CL-84 Dynavert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-215" title="Canadair CL-215">CL-215 Waterbomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-415" title="Canadair CL-415">CL-415 Super Scooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-600 Challenger</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CC-109_Cosmopolitan" title="Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan">Cosmopolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">Canso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">Freedom Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_Sabre" title="Canadair Sabre">Sabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-133_Silver_Star" title="Canadair CT-133 Silver Star">Silver Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">Starfighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aerodrome_Company" title="Canadian Aerodrome Company">Canadian Aerodrome Company</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aerodrome_Baddeck_No._1_and_No._2" title="Canadian Aerodrome Baddeck No. 1 and No. 2">Baddeck No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aerodrome_Baddeck_No._1_and_No._2" title="Canadian Aerodrome Baddeck No. 1 and No. 2">Baddeck No. 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Monoplane" title="Hubbard Monoplane">Hubbard Monoplane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aeroplanes" title="Canadian Aeroplanes">Canadian Aeroplanes/<br />Toronto Curtiss Aeroplanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">JN-4C Canuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-1_Canada" title="Curtiss C-1 Canada">C-1 Canada</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_504" title="Avro 504">Avro 504</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felixstowe_F5L" title="Felixstowe F5L">F5L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Associated_Aircraft" title="Canadian Associated Aircraft">Canadian Associated Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handley_Page_Hampden" title="Handley Page Hampden">Hampden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Car_and_Foundry" title="Canadian Car and Foundry">Canadian Car and Foundry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CCF_Maple_Leaf_Trainer_II" title="CCF Maple Leaf Trainer II">Maple Leaf Trainer II</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Anson Mk.II & Mk.V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_T-34_Mentor" title="Beechcraft T-34 Mentor">T-34A Mentor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnelli_CBY-3" title="Burnelli CBY-3">CBY-3 Loadmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SB2C_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SB2C Helldiver">SBW Helldiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Car_and_Foundry_FDB-1" title="Canadian Car and Foundry FDB-1">FDB-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_FF" title="Grumman FF">Goblin/Delfín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hurricane" title="Hawker Hurricane">Hurricane Mk.X, XI & XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noorduyn_Norseman" title="Noorduyn Norseman">Norseman Mk.V & VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">Harvard Mk.IIB and Mk.4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers" title="Canadian Vickers">Canadian Vickers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vancouver" title="Canadian Vickers Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vanessa" title="Canadian Vickers Vanessa">Vanessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Varuna" title="Canadian Vickers Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vedette" title="Canadian Vickers Vedette">Vedette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Velos" title="Canadian Vickers Velos">Velos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vigil" title="Canadian Vickers Vigil">Vigil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vista" title="Canadian Vickers Vista">Vista</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_504" title="Avro 504">Avro 504N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_552" title="Avro 552">Avro 552</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellanca_CH-300_Pacemaker" title="Bellanca CH-300 Pacemaker">CH-300 Pacemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">PBV-1 Canso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">HS-3L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_FC-2" title="Fairchild FC-2">FC-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fokker_Super_Universal" title="Fokker Super Universal">Super Universal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Delta" title="Northrop Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supermarine_Stranraer" title="Supermarine Stranraer">Stranraer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">Viking IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cub_Aircraft" title="Cub Aircraft">Cub Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_J-2" title="Taylor J-2">J-2 Cub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">J-3 Cub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-4" title="Piper J-4">J-4 Cub Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">J-5 Cub Cruiser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada" title="De Havilland Canada">de Havilland Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-1_Chipmunk" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk">DHC-1 Chipmunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-2_Beaver" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver">DHC-2 Beaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-3_Otter" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter">DHC-3 Otter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-4_Caribou" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou">DHC-4 Caribou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-5_Buffalo" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo">DHC-5 Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-6_Twin_Otter" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter">DHC-6 Twin Otter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_7" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 7">Dash 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_8" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 8">Dash 8</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_DH.60_Moth" title="De Havilland DH.60 Moth">DH.60 Gipsy Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Tiger_Moth" title="De Havilland Tiger Moth">DH.82C Tiger Moth & Menasco Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Fox_Moth" title="De Havilland Fox Moth">DH.83C Fox Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Mosquito" title="De Havilland Mosquito">DH.98 Mosquito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_S-2_Tracker" title="Grumman S-2 Tracker">CS2F Tracker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Aircraft_Industries" title="Diamond Aircraft Industries">Diamond Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_DA20_Katana" title="Diamond DA20 Katana">DA20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_DA40_Diamond_Star" title="Diamond DA40 Diamond Star">DA40-180 Star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Aircraft_Ltd." title="Fairchild Aircraft Ltd.">Fairchild</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_82" title="Fairchild 82">34-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_45-80_Sekani" title="Fairchild 45-80 Sekani">45-80 Sekani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_F-11_Husky" title="Fairchild F-11 Husky">F-11 Husky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Super_71" title="Fairchild Super 71">Super 71</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_71" title="Fairchild 71">51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_71" title="Fairchild 71">71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_PT-19" title="Fairchild PT-19">Cornell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_FC-2" title="Fairchild FC-2">FC-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Bolingbroke" title="Bristol Bolingbroke">Bolingbroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">HS-2L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SB2C_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SB2C Helldiver">SBF Helldiver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal Aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Anson Mk.II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Aircraft" title="Fleet Aircraft">Fleet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Model_1" title="Fleet Model 1">1,2,5 & 21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Fawn" title="Fleet Fawn">7 Fawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Finch" title="Fleet Finch">16 Finch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_50_Freighter" title="Fleet 50 Freighter">50 Freighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_60_Fort" title="Fleet 60 Fort">60 Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_80_Canuck" title="Fleet 80 Canuck">80 Canuck</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_PT-19" title="Fairchild PT-19">Cornell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Found_Aircraft" title="Found Aircraft">Found</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Found_FBA-1" title="Found FBA-1">FBA-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_FBA-2" title="Found FBA-2">FBA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_Centennial_100" title="Found Centennial 100">Centennial 100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt-B%C3%B6lkow-Blohm" title="Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm">Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MBB_Bo_105" title="MBB Bo 105">Bo 105</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Research_Council_Canada" title="National Research Council Canada">National Research Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NRC_tailless_glider" title="NRC tailless glider">tailless glider</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Steel_Car" title="National Steel Car">National Steel Car</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Lysander" title="Westland Lysander">Lysander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Noorduyn" title="Noorduyn">Noorduyn</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noorduyn_Norseman" title="Noorduyn Norseman">Norseman</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">Harvard Mk.II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Air_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontario Provincial Air Service">Ontario Provincial Air Service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buhl_Airsedan" title="Buhl Airsedan">CA-6M Airsedan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Car_Company" title="Ottawa Car Company">Ottawa Car and Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth_Atlas" title="Armstrong Whitworth Atlas">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth_Siskin" title="Armstrong Whitworth Siskin">Siskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Tutor" title="Avro Tutor">Tutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_626" title="Avro 626">Prefect</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reid/Curtiss-Reid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Reid_Courier" title="Curtiss-Reid Courier">Courier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Reid_Rambler" title="Curtiss-Reid Rambler">Rambler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saunders_Aircraft_Company" title="Saunders Aircraft Company">Saunders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saunders_ST-27" title="Saunders ST-27">ST-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunders_ST-27" title="Saunders ST-27">ST-28</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Victory_Aircraft" title="Victory Aircraft">Victory Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Lancaster Mk.X</a></li> 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