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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biografija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Biografija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rani_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rani_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Rani period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rani_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sankt_Peterburg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sankt_Peterburg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Sankt Peterburg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sankt_Peterburg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Berlin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berlin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Berlin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berlin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pogoršanje_vida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pogoršanje_vida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Pogoršanje vida</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pogoršanje_vida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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</li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Također_pogledajte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Također_pogledajte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Također pogledajte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Također_pogledajte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Refernce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Refernce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Refernce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Refernce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjski_linkovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vanjski linkovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uključi/isključi sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uključi/isključi sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leonhard Euler</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na članak na drugom jeziku. Dostupno na 158 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-158" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">158 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Эйлер, Леонард – adigejski" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Эйлер, Леонард" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adigejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – afrikans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – njemački (Švicarska)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="njemački (Švicarska)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%8C%E1%8B%AE%E1%8A%93%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B5_%E1%8A%A6%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%88%E1%88%AD" title="ሌዮናርድ ኦይለር – amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሌዮናርድ ኦይለር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B1" title="ليونهارت أويلر – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليونهارت أويلر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B1" title="أويلر – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أويلر" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B1" title="ليونارد يولر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليونارد يولر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%85%27%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0" title="লিঅ'নাৰ্ড অইলাৰ – asamski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লিঅ'নাৰ্ড অইলাৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Eyler" title="Leonard Eyler – azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Leonard Eyler" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="لئونارد اویلر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لئونارد اویلر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – balinezijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леанард Эйлер – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Леанард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9E%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леанард Ойлер – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Леанард Ойлер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9E%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Ойлер – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Леонард Ойлер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="लियोनार्ड ऑयलर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="लियोनार्ड ऑयलर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="লেওনার্ড অয়লার – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লেওনার্ড অয়লার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Эйлер, Леонард – čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Эйлер, Леонард" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A6%DB%86%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%95%D8%B1" title="لیۆنارد ئۆیلەر – centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لیۆنارد ئۆیلەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%AD%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%8C%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Λέοναρντ Όιλερ – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λέοναρντ Όιλερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Euler" title="Leonard Euler – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Leonard Euler" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="لئونارد اویلر – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لئونارد اویلر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euleri_Leonhard" title="Euleri Leonhard – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Euleri Leonhard" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – sjeverni frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="sjeverni frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – zapadni frizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadni frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%8B%89" title="歐拉 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="歐拉" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – škotski galski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – gvarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83_%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82" title="𐌻𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 𐌴𐍅𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍂 – gotski" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌻𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 𐌴𐍅𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍂" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="לאונרד אוילר – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לאונרד אוילר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="लियोनार्ड ओइलर – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लियोनार्ड ओइलर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – haićanski kreolski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haićanski kreolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D4%B7%D5%B5%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Լեոնարդ Էյլեր – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեոնարդ Էյլեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eulero" title="Eulero – italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eulero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC" title="レオンハルト・オイラー – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レオンハルト・オイラー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionaad_Yuula" title="Lionaad Yuula – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Lionaad Yuula" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/leonard.euler" title="leonard.euler – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="leonard.euler" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ლეონარდ ეილერი – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლეონარდ ეილერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Euler" title="Leonard Euler – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Leonard Euler" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Euler" title="Leonard Euler – kabile" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Leonard Euler" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabile" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8A_%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A" title="លេអុនហាដ អយល័រ – kmerski" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="លេអុនហាដ អយល័រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kmerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಲಿಯೊನಾರ್ಡ್ ಯೂಲರ್ – kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಲಿಯೊನಾರ್ಡ್ ಯೂಲರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A8%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC" title="레온하르트 오일러 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레온하르트 오일러" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – kornski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – kirgiški" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhardus_Eulerus" title="Leonhardus Eulerus – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Leonhardus Eulerus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – lezgijski" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonards_Eilers" title="Leonards Eilers – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Leonards Eilers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="लियोनार्ड ओइलर – maitili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="लियोनार्ड ओइलर" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maitili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9E%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Ојлер – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Леонард Ојлер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BC" title="ലെയൻഹാർട് ഓയ്ലർ – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലെയൻഹാർട് ഓയ്ലർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="लिओनार्ड ऑयलर – marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लिओनार्ड ऑयलर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – mirandeški" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandeški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9F%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC" title="လီယွန်ဟတ် အွိုင်လာ – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လီယွန်ဟတ် အွိုင်လာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="लियोनार्ड युलर – nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लियोनार्ड युलर" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – norveški (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – norveški (Bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški (Bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – oksitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liyoonaardi_Ooyiler" title="Liyoonaardi Ooyiler – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Liyoonaardi Ooyiler" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Эйлер, Леонард – osetski" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Эйлер, Леонард" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B0" title="ਲਿਓਨਹਾਰਡ ਇਓਲਰ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਿਓਨਹਾਰਡ ਇਓਲਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88_%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="لیونہارڈ اویلر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لیونہارڈ اویلر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%89_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B1" title="لیونارډ ایولر – paštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لیونارډ ایولر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Эйлер, Леонард – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эйлер, Леонард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Ейлер – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Леонард Ейлер" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="लियोनार्ड ओइलर – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="लियोनार्ड ओइलर" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – jakutski" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%B0_%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱᱦᱟᱨᱰ ᱤᱣᱞᱟᱨ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱᱦᱟᱨᱰ ᱤᱣᱞᱟᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liunardu_Euleru" title="Liunardu Euleru – sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Liunardu Euleru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – srpskohrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpskohrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%94%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A" title="ලියෝන්හාඩ් ඔයිලර් – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ලියෝන්හාඩ් ඔයිලර්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Euler" title="Leonard Euler – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Leonard Euler" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9E%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Ојлер – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Леонард Ојлер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Euler" title="Leonard Euler – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Leonard Euler" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li-ang-ha-te._Yu-la" title="Li-ang-ha-te. Yu-la – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Li-ang-ha-te. Yu-la" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="லியோனார்டு ஆய்லர் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லியோனார்டு ஆய்லர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="లియొన్‌హార్డ్ ఆయిలర్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="లియొన్‌హార్డ్ ఆయిలర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เลอ็อนฮาร์ท อ็อยเลอร์ – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เลอ็อนฮาร์ท อ็อยเลอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_E%C3%BDler" title="Leonard Eýler – turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Leonard Eýler" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Ейлер – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Леонард Ейлер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučen članak"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88_%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="لیونہارڈ اویلر – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لیونہارڈ اویلر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiler_Leonard" title="Eiler Leonard – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Eiler Leonard" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E6%98%82%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%AD%90%E6%8B%89" title="萊昂哈德·歐拉 – Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="萊昂哈德·歐拉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леонард Эйлер – kalmik" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Леонард Эйлер" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ლეონარდ ეილერი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლეონარდ ეილერი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="לעאנהארד אוילער – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לעאנהארד אוילער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler – jorubanski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Leonhard Euler" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E6%98%82%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%AD%90%E6%8B%89" title="萊昂哈德·歐拉 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="萊昂哈德·歐拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%8B%89" title="歐拉 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="歐拉" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button 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.infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Leonhard Euler</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Leonhard_Euler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Leonhard_Euler.jpg/220px-Leonhard_Euler.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Leonhard_Euler.jpg/330px-Leonhard_Euler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Leonhard_Euler.jpg/440px-Leonhard_Euler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4672" data-file-height="6040" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rođenje</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1707-04-15</span>) </span>15. april 1707.<br /><a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">Švicarska</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Smrt</th><td class="infobox-data">18. septembar 1783<span style="display:none">(1783-09-18)</span> (76 godina)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sankt_Peterburg" title="Sankt Peterburg">Sankt Peterburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusko_Carstvo" title="Rusko Carstvo">Rusko Carstvo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prebivalište</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3486241">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kraljevina_Pruska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kraljevina Pruska (stranica ne postoji)">Kraljevina Pruska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusko_carstvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rusko carstvo">Rusko carstvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">Švicarska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Državljanstvo</th><td class="infobox-data">Švicarsko</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Narodnost</th><td class="infobox-data">Švicarac</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Polje</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">Matematika</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">fizika</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Univerzitet_u_Baselu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Univerzitet u Baselu (stranica ne postoji)">Univerzitet u Baselu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Akademski mentor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Johann_Bernoulli" title="Johann Bernoulli">Johann Bernoulli</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Istaknuti studenti</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Friedrich_Hennert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Friedrich Hennert (stranica ne postoji)">Johann Friedrich Hennert</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3638947"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><b><a href="/wiki/Mehanika_kontinuuma" title="Mehanika kontinuuma">Mehanika kontinuuma</a></b></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image">|<span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.png/220px-BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.png/330px-BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.png/440px-BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.png 2x" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="370" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3531923">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none; margin:0; padding:0;"><div class="hidden-title" style="text-align:center; background: #87cefa;">Zakoni</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Zakon_odr%C5%BEanja_mase" title="Zakon održanja mase">Zakon održanja mase</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakon_odr%C5%BEanja_koli%C4%8Dine_kretanja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakon održanja količine kretanja (stranica ne postoji)">Zakon održanja količine kretanja</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakon_odr%C5%BEanja_energije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakon održanja energije (stranica ne postoji)">Zakon održanja energije</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clausius-Duhemova_nejednakost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clausius-Duhemova nejednakost (stranica ne postoji)">Nejednakost entropije</a></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3531923"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none; margin:0; padding:0;"><div class="hidden-title" style="text-align:center; background: #87cefa;"><a href="/wiki/Mehanika_%C4%8Dvrstih_tijela" title="Mehanika čvrstih tijela">Mehanika čvrstih tijela</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cvrsto_stanje" title="Čvrsto stanje">Čvrsta tijela</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mehani%C4%8Dki_napon" title="Mehanički napon">Napon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Deformacija_(mehanika)" title="Deformacija (mehanika)">Deformacija</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorija_kona%C4%8Dnih_deformacija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorija konačnih deformacija (stranica ne postoji)">Teorija konačnih deformacija</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorija_infinitezimalnih_napreazanja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorija infinitezimalnih napreazanja (stranica ne postoji)">Teorija infinitezimalnih napreazanja</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elasti%C4%8Dnost_(fizika)" title="Elastičnost (fizika)">Elastičnost</a> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Linearna_elasti%C4%8Dnost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linearna elastičnost (stranica ne postoji)">linearna</a>)</small> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plasti%C4%8Dnost_(fizika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plastičnost (fizika) (stranica ne postoji)">Plastičnost</a> · <a href="/wiki/Savijanje" title="Savijanje">Savijanje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hookeov_zakon" title="Hookeov zakon">Hookeov zakon</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorija_o_otkazu_materijala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorija o otkazu materijala (stranica ne postoji)">Teorija o otkazu materijala</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehanika_loma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehanika loma (stranica ne postoji)">Mehanika loma</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehanika_kontakta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehanika kontakta (stranica ne postoji)">Mehanika kontakta</a> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Frikciona_mehanika_kontakta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frikciona mehanika kontakta (stranica ne postoji)">frikciona</a>)</small></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3531923"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none; margin:0; padding:0;"><div class="hidden-title" style="text-align:center; background: #87cefa;"><a href="/wiki/Mehanika_fluida" title="Mehanika fluida">Mehanika fluida</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid">Fluidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Statika_fluida" title="Statika fluida">Statika fluida</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dinamika_fluida" title="Dinamika fluida">Dinamika fluida</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhimedov_zakon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arhimedov zakon (stranica ne postoji)">Arhimedov zakon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bernoullijeva_jedna%C4%8Dina" title="Bernoullijeva jednačina">Bernoullijeva jednačina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Navier%E2%80%93Stokesove_jedna%C4%8Dine" title="Navier–Stokesove jednačine">Navier–Stokesove jednačine</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hagen%E2%80%93Poiseuilleova_jedna%C4%8Dina" title="Hagen–Poiseuilleova jednačina">Hagen–Poiseuilleova jednačina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pascalov_zakon" title="Pascalov zakon">Pascalov zakon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Viskoznost" title="Viskoznost">Viskoznost</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Njutnovski_fluid" title="Njutnovski fluid">Njutnovski fluid</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nenjutnovski_fluid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nenjutnovski fluid (stranica ne postoji)">Nenjutnovski fluid</a>)</small> · <a href="/wiki/Potisak" title="Potisak">Potisak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pritisak" title="Pritisak">Pritisak</a></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3531923"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none; margin:0; padding:0;"><div class="hidden-title" style="text-align:center; background: #87cefa;">Naučnici</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bernoulli" title="Daniel Bernoulli">Bernoulli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Robert_Boyle" title="Robert Boyle">Boyle</a>· <a href="/wiki/Augustin_Louis_Cauchy" title="Augustin Louis Cauchy">Cauchy</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Charles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Charles (stranica ne postoji)">Charles</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Euler</a> · <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Louis_Gay-Lussac" title="Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac">Gay-Lussac</a> · <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Hooke</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Newton</a> · <a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Pascal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Claude-Louis_Navier" title="Claude-Louis Navier">Navier</a> · <a href="/wiki/George_Gabriel_Stokes" title="George Gabriel Stokes">Stokes</a></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3312386">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-pogledaj"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Mehanika_kontinuuma" title="Šablon:Mehanika kontinuuma"><abbr title="Pogledaj šablon">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Mehanika_kontinuuma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Mehanika kontinuuma (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Razgovor o šablonu">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Mehanika_kontinuuma&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredi šablon">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Leonhard Euler</b> (rođen 15. aprila 1707) bio je <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">švicarski</a> <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematičar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">fizičar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">astronom</a> i <a href="/wiki/In%C5%BEenjer" title="Inženjer">inženjer</a> koji je otkrio i definirao važne stvari u mnogim granama matematike, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Infinitezimalni_ra%C4%8Dun" title="Infinitezimalni račun">Infinitezimalni račun</a> i <a href="/wiki/Teorija_grafova" title="Teorija grafova">teorija grafova</a>, a ostvario je i pionirski doprinos na nekoliko različitih naučnih polja, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Topologija" title="Topologija">topologija</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analiti%C4%8Dka_teorija_brojeva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analitička teorija brojeva (stranica ne postoji)">analitička teorija brojeva</a>. Također je uveo većinu savremene matematičke terminologije i notacije, posebno na polju <a href="/wiki/Matemati%C4%8Dka_analiza" title="Matematička analiza">matematičke analize</a>, kao što je pojam <a href="/wiki/Funkcija_(matematika)" title="Funkcija (matematika)">matematičke funkcije</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-function_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-function-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poznat je i po radu i doprinosu na polju <a href="/wiki/Mehanika" title="Mehanika">mehanike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dinamika_fluida" title="Dinamika fluida">dinamike fluida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Optika" title="Optika">optike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">astronomije</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorija_muzike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorija muzike (stranica ne postoji)">teorije muzike</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eulerarch_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eulerarch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bio je jedan od najeminentnijih matematičara 18. vijeka i smatra se jednim od najvećih u historiji. Također se smatra da je bio najplodniji matematičar svih vremena. Njegovi sabrani radovi sačinjavaju 60 do 80 Quartova, više od bilo koga drugog matematičara. Veći dio punoljetstva proveo je u <a href="/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija">ruskom</a> <a href="/wiki/Sankt_Peterburg" title="Sankt Peterburg">Sankt Peterburgu</a> i Berlinu, tadašnjem glavnom gradu Pruske. </p><p>Izjava pripisana također poznatom matematičaru <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Simon_Laplace" title="Pierre-Simon Laplace">Pierre-Simon Laplasu</a> izražava Eulerov utjecaj na matematiku: <i>Čitajte Eulera, čitajte Eulera, on je najveći od svih nas.</i><sup id="cite_ref-Master_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Master-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografija">Biografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak "Biografija"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografija"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rani_period">Rani period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak "Rani period"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Rani period"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rođen je 15. aprila 1707. u švicarskom Baselu od oca Paula i majke Margarite. Imao je dvije mlađe sestre Ana Mariju i Mariju Magdalenu i mlađeg brata Johana Heinricha. Ubrzo po rođenju sa porodicom se preselio u grad Riehen, gdje je proveo većinu svog djetinjstva. Paul Euler, Leonhardov otac bio je prijatelj porodice Bernoulli. <a href="/wiki/Johann_Bernoulli" title="Johann Bernoulli">Johann Bernoulli</a> je tada smatran za najboljeg matematičara u Evropi i na kraju je u najvećoj mjeri i uticao na mladog Leonharda. </p><p>Formalno obrazovanje započeo je u Baselu, gdje je poslat da živi s bakom. Sa 13 godina (1720) upisuje se na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Univerzitet_u_Basel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Univerzitet u Basel (stranica ne postoji)">Univerzitet u Baselu</a>, a 1723. godine stiče diplomu magistra filozofije sa disertacijom koja upoređuje filozofije <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Descartesa</a> i <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Newtona</a>. Tokom tog perioda, uzimao je subotnje popodnevne časove kod Johanna Bernoulija, koji je ubrzo otkrio nevjerovatni talenat za matematiku kod svog novog učenika. U to vrijeme Eulerova glavna preokupacija se sastojala iz proučavanja teologije i učenja grčkog i hebrejskog jezika pod uticajem oca koji je želio da Leonhard postane pastor kao i on sam. Međutim, Bernoulli je ipak ubjedio njegovog oca da je Leonhardu predodređeno da postane veliki matematičar. </p><p>Godine 1726. završava disertaciju o širenju zvuka pod naslovom <i>De Sono</i>. U to vrijeme, bezuspješno je pokušavao da stekne poziciju na Univerzitetu u Baselu. Godine 1727. se prvi put prijavljuje na konkurs <a href="/wiki/Francuska_akademija_nauka" title="Francuska akademija nauka">Francuske akademije nauka</a>, a vezano za iznalaženje najboljeg načina postavljanja jarbola na brod. Međutim, prvu nagradu osvaja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Bouguer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Bouguer (stranica ne postoji)">Pierre Bouguer</a>, koji je postao poznat kao <i>otac pomorske arhitekture</i> dok Euler osvaja drugo mjesto. Tokom kasnijeg perioda Euler će ovu godišnju nagradu osvajati 12 puta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sankt_Peterburg">Sankt Peterburg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak "Sankt Peterburg"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Sankt Peterburg"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:The_Soviet_Union_1957_CPA_2000_stamp,_Portrait_of_Leonhard_Euler_(1707-1783).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/The_Soviet_Union_1957_CPA_2000_stamp%2C_Portrait_of_Leonhard_Euler_%281707-1783%29.jpg/220px-The_Soviet_Union_1957_CPA_2000_stamp%2C_Portrait_of_Leonhard_Euler_%281707-1783%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/The_Soviet_Union_1957_CPA_2000_stamp%2C_Portrait_of_Leonhard_Euler_%281707-1783%29.jpg/330px-The_Soviet_Union_1957_CPA_2000_stamp%2C_Portrait_of_Leonhard_Euler_%281707-1783%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/The_Soviet_Union_1957_CPA_2000_stamp%2C_Portrait_of_Leonhard_Euler_%281707-1783%29.jpg/440px-The_Soviet_Union_1957_CPA_2000_stamp%2C_Portrait_of_Leonhard_Euler_%281707-1783%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2009" data-file-height="1447" /></a><figcaption>Poštanska markica Sovjetskog Saveza (1957) u čast Eulera. U tekstu stoji: 250 godina od rođenja velikog matematičara, akademika Leonharda Eulera</figcaption></figure> <p>Otprilike u to vrijeme, dva sina Johanna Bernulija, Danijel i Nikolas su radili na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruska_akademija_nauka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruska akademija nauka (stranica ne postoji)">Ruskoj akademiji nauka</a> u Sankt Peterburgu. Dana 31. jula 1726. godine, nakon manje od godine provedene u Rusiji,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mactutor_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mactutor-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nikolas umire od <a href="/wiki/Upala_crvuljka" title="Upala crvuljka">upale crvuljka</a>, na njegovo mjesto u odjelu za matematiku i fiziku prelazi Danijel a predlaže Eulera na mjesto u odjeljenju za fiziologiju. Predloženo mjesto Euler nestrpljivo prihvata u novembru 1726. ali odlaže odlazak u Sankt Peterburg zbog prijave za profesora fizike na Univerzitetu u Baselu, koja na kraju završava bezuspješno. </p><p>Pa ipak 17. maja 1727. godine odlazi u Sankt Peterburg. Biva promovisan sa nižeg položaja u medicinskom odeljenju na položaj u matematičkom odeljenju. U tom periodu stanuje zajedno sa Danijelom sa kojim često blisko sarađuje. Savladava <a href="/wiki/Ruski_jezik" title="Ruski jezik">ruski jezik</a> i organizuje svoj život u Sankt Peterburgu. Također pronalazi dodatni posao ljekara u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruska_ratna_mornarica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruska ratna mornarica (stranica ne postoji)">ruskoj mornarici</a>. </p><p>Akademija u Sankt Peterburgu, koju je osnovao Petar Veliki, imala je za cilj poboljšanje stepena obrazovanja u Rusiji i smanjenje razlike na polju naučnog rada između tadašnjeg carstva i država zapadne Evrope. Kao rezultat toga, Akademija se činila posebno atraktivno za strane stipendiste poput Eulera. Akademija nije oskudjevala finansijskim sredstvima a uz to posjedovala je sveobuhvatnu biblioteku, uglavnom formiranu od privatnih biblioteka Petra i plemstva. Na Akademiju je upisivan vrlo mali broj studenata kako bi se smanjilo opterećenje za nastavnike a samim time dalo im se više vremena za istraživanje i bavljenje naučnim radom. Takvu politiku nastavila je i Katarina I koja umire 1727. godine a dolaskom na vlast dvanaestogodišnjeg vladara Petra II pojačava se sumnjičavost prema inostranom akademskom osoblju čime se smanjuje finansiranje Akademije što prouzrokuje finansijske probleme za Eulera i njegove kolege. </p><p>Uslovi se neznatno popravljaju nakon smrti Petra II a Euler ubrzano hijerarhijski napreduje te postaje profesor fizike 1731. godine. Dvije godine kasnije, odlaskom Danijela Bernoullija u Basel, Euler preuzima mjesto šefa matematičkog odjela. </p><p>Dana 7. januara 1734. ženi Katharinu Gsell (1707–1773), kćerku švicarskog <a href="/wiki/Barok" title="Barok">baroknog</a> slikara Georga Gsela. Mladi bračni par kupuje kuću pored rijeke Neve a od 13 rođene djece njih samo petoro preživljava djetinjstvo.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berlin">Berlin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak "Berlin"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Berlin"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zabrinut zbog kontinuiranih političkih previranja u Rusiji, zajedno sa porodicom Euler 19. juna 1741. godine napušta Sankt Peterburg da bi preuzeo dužnost na berlinskoj akademiji, koju mu je ponudio kralj Pruske <a href="/wiki/Fridrik_II,_kralj_Pruske" title="Fridrik II, kralj Pruske">Fridrik II</a>. U Berlinu je proveo 25 godina i u tom periodu je napisao više od 380 članaka. Također, objavio je i dva djela koja su ga najviše proslavila: <i>Uvod u infinitezimalnu analizu</i>, tekst o funkcijama objavljen 1748. i djelo <i>Osnove integralnog računa</i> objavljeno 1755. a koje je tretiralo problem diferencijalnog računa. Godine 1755. izabran je za stranog člana <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0vedska_kraljevska_akademija_nauka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Švedska kraljevska akademija nauka (stranica ne postoji)">Švedske kraljevske akademije nauka</a>. </p><p>Osim toga, od Eulera je zatraženo da podučava Friederiku Charlotte iz Brandenburg-Schwedta, princezu Vojvodstva Anhalt-Dessau i nećaku Fridrika II. Tokom perioda s početka 1760-ih Euler je napisao i oko 200 pisama princezi Friederiki koja su kasnije obrađena i postala bestseller pod nazivom <i>Pisma njemačkoj princezi o raznim stvarima iz oblasti fizike i filozofije</i>. Tu se nalaze i Eulerove analize o raznim temama vezanim za fiziku i matematiku a pružaju i dragocjen uvid u Eulerovu ličnost i vjerska uvjerenja. Knjiga je postala čitljivija od svih njegovih matematičkih radova a objavljena je širom Evrope i Sjedinjenih Američkih Država. Popularnost <i>pisama</i> svjedoči o sposobnosti Eulera da o naučnim pitanjima i problemima efikasno komunicira sa publikom, što je rijetka sposobnost za naučnika ili istraživača. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pogoršanje_vida"><span id="Pogor.C5.A1anje_vida"></span>Pogoršanje vida</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak "Pogoršanje vida"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Pogoršanje vida"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Leonhard_Euler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Leonhard_Euler.jpg/220px-Leonhard_Euler.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Leonhard_Euler.jpg/330px-Leonhard_Euler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Leonhard_Euler.jpg/440px-Leonhard_Euler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4672" data-file-height="6040" /></a><figcaption>Portret Leonharda Eulera iz 1753. godine, koji ukazuje na problem sa desnim očnim kapkom, eventualno na <a href="/wiki/Strabizam" title="Strabizam">razrokost</a>. Eulerovo lijevo oko, koje na portretu izgleda zdravo, kasnije je pogodila <a href="/wiki/Siva_mrena" title="Siva mrena">siva mrena</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Stanje s Eulerovim vidom se pogoršavalo tokom njegove matematičke karijere. Godine 1738. postao je gotovo slijep na desno oko, za što je prema Euleru bio uglavnom zaslužan mukotrpan rad na kriptografiji tokom boravka u Sankt Peterburgu. Eulerov vid na desno oko se tokom boravka u Njemačkoj toliko pogoršao da ga je Fridrik nazvao <i><a href="/wiki/Kiklop" title="Kiklop">Kiklopom</a></i>. Poslije toga, 1766. godine otkrivena mu je i <a href="/wiki/Siva_mrena" title="Siva mrena">siva mrena</a> na lijevom oku. Samo nekoliko nedjelja nakon tog otkrića Euler je postao skoro slijep. Međutim, to stanje skoro da nije imalo uticaja na njegovu produktivnost, tu vrstu ograničenja nadoknađivao je svojim mentalnim vještinama i izuzetnom memorijom. Kada je izgubio vid na oba oka, Euler je izjavio: "Sada ću imati manje smetnji i odvraćanja pažnje". </p><p>Primjera radi, Euler je bio u stanju recitovati <a href="/wiki/Vergilije" title="Vergilije">Vergilijevu</a> <a href="/wiki/Eneida" title="Eneida">Eneidu</a> od početka do kraja, a za svaku stranicu mogao je navesti koji redak je na vrhu a koji na dnu stranice. Uz pomoć svojih pisara, Eulerova produktivnost je u mnogim područjima čak i povećana. Tokom 1775. u prosjeku je pisao po jedan matematički rad svake nedjelje. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Povratak_u_Rusiju_i_smrt">Povratak u Rusiju i smrt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak "Povratak u Rusiju i smrt"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Povratak u Rusiju i smrt"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Godine 1760, tokom <a href="/wiki/Sedmogodi%C5%A1nji_rat" title="Sedmogodišnji rat">Sedmogodišnjeg rata</a>, ruske trupe u napredovanju pljačkaju Eulerovu farma u Charlottenburgu. Nakon ovog događaja, general Ivan Petrovič Saltykov je platio nadoknadu štete prouzrokovanu Eulerovom imanju a kasnije je i carica Rusije <a href="/wiki/Elizabeta,_carica_Rusije" title="Elizabeta, carica Rusije">Elizabeta</a> dodala tom iznosu svotu od 4.000 rubalja, u to doba pretjerano visok iznos.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Politička situacija u Rusiji stabilizovana je nakon dolaska Katarine II na prijestol, tako da je Euler 1766. godine prihvatio poziv da se vrati na akademiju u Sankt Peterburgu. </p><p>Njegovi uslovi bili su prilično iznenađujući. Zahtjevao je godišnju platu od 3000 rublji, penziju za suprugu i obećanje visokog imenovanja za svoje sinove. Svi njegovi zahtjevi su odobreni. Ostatak svog života proveo je u Rusiji. Međutim, njegov drugi boravak u Rusiji obilježen je tragedijama. Prvo mu je 1771. godine izgorio dom u Sankt Peterburgu pri čemu je skoro izgubio život. Dvije godine poslije, 1773. preminula mu je supruga Katarina, nakon 40 godina braka. Tri godine nakon smrti supruge, Euler se oženio njenom polusestrom, Salome Abigail Gsell (1723–1794).<sup id="cite_ref-gekker_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gekker-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U tom braku će ostati do njegove smrti. 1782. izabran je za inostranog počasnog člana <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ameri%C4%8Dka_akademija_umjetnosti_i_nauka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Američka akademija umjetnosti i nauka (stranica ne postoji)">Američke akademije umjetnosti i nauka</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dana 18. septembra 1783. u Sankt Peterburgu, nakon ručka sa svojom porodicom, Euler je razgovarao o novootkrivenoj planeti <a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">Uran</a> i njenoj orbiti sa kolegom akademikom Andersom Johanom Lexellom, kada se srušio od krvarenja mozga. Umro je nekoliko sati kasnije. </p><p>Jacob von Staehlin-Storcksburg napisao je kratak nekrolog za Rusku akademiju nauka dok je ruski matematičar Nicolas Fuss, jedan od Eulerovih učenika, napisao detaljniju eulogiju koju je pročitao na komemoraciji. </p><p>U eulogiji za Francusku akademiju, francuski matematičar i filozof <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marquis_de_Condorcet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marquis de Condorcet (stranica ne postoji)">Marquis de Condorcet</a>, napisao je: </p><p>il cessa de calculer et de vivre -... prestao je da računa i živi. </p><p>Sahranjen je pored prve supruge Katarine na smolenskom luteranskom groblju, na ostrvu Goloday. 1785. godine, Ruska akademija nauka postavila je mermerno poprsje Leonharda Eulera na postolje pored sjedišta Direktora a 1837. postavljen je i kamani nadgrobni spomenik. Tokom obilježavanja 250. godišnjice rođenja Eulera, nadgrobni spomenik zajedno sa posmrtnim ostacima premješten je na groblje Aleksandra Nevskog. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Doprinos_matematici_i_fizici">Doprinos matematici i fizici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak "Doprinos matematici i fizici"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Doprinos matematici i fizici"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Euler je proučavao skoro sve oblasti matematike, između ostalih <a href="/wiki/Geometrija" title="Geometrija">geometriju</a>, infinitezimalni račun, <a href="/wiki/Trigonometrija" title="Trigonometrija">trigonometriju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algebra" title="Algebra">algebru</a> i <a href="/wiki/Teorija_brojeva" title="Teorija brojeva">teoriju brojeva</a>, a tema njegovog naučnog ineresovanja bile su i oblasti <a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">fizike</a> poput <a href="/wiki/Mehanika_kontinuuma" title="Mehanika kontinuuma">mehanika kontinuuma</a>, lunarna teorija i druge oblasti fizike. Za Eulera se može reći da je zapažena figura u historiji matematike. Njegovi radovi, da se odštampaju, od kojih su mnogi od fundamentalnog značaja, zauzeli bi između 60 i 80 quartova. Eulerovo ime povezano je sa velikim brojem tema. </p><p>Euler je jedini matematičar u čast kojeg su nazvana dva broja u matematici. Važniji i poznatiji broj koji je nazvan po Euleru je <i><a href="/wiki/E_(broj)" title="E (broj)">broj e</a></i>, čija je vrijednost približno jednaka 2,71828, a drugi broj je ustvari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euler-Mascheronijeva_konstanta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euler-Mascheronijeva konstanta (stranica ne postoji)">Euler-Mascheronijeva konstanta</a> (<i>γ</i>) a koja se ponekad jednostavno naziva i <i>Eulerova konstanta</i> a čija približna vrijednost iznosi 0,57721. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Matematička_notacija"><span id="Matemati.C4.8Dka_notacija"></span>Matematička notacija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak "Matematička notacija"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Matematička notacija"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Euler je u oblast matematičke notacije uveo nekoliko konvencija koje je popularizovao kroz svoje brojne i široko rasprostranjene radove i udžbenike. Kao najvažnije za spomenuti, prvi je predstavio koncept funkcije <i>f(x)</i> gdje je sa <i>f</i> označio funkciju koja se primjenjuje na <i>x</i>. Osim toga, predstavio je i savremenu notaciju za trigonometrijske funkcije, slovo <i>e</i> kao oznaku za bau ili osnovu prirodnog logaritma (danas poznat i kao Eulerov broj), grčko slovo <i>Σ</i> koje se koristi kao oznaka za sumu kao i slovo <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i></span> kojim se označava imaginarna jedinica. Također je koristio i popularizovao grčko slovo π da označi odnos između <a href="/wiki/Pi" title="Pi">obima i prečnika kruga</a>, iako taj odnos nije otkrio Euler već <a href="/wiki/Vels" title="Vels">velški</a> matematičar <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Jones (stranica ne postoji)">William Jones</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Analiza">Analiza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak "Analiza"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Analiza"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Razvoj <a href="/wiki/Infinitezimalni_ra%C4%8Dun" title="Infinitezimalni račun">infinitezimalnog računa</a> je bio u prvom planu matematičkih istraživanja tokom 18. vijeka, a članovi Bernulijeve porodice, koji su bili prijatelji Eulera, su zaslužni za veliki napredak na tom polju. Zahvaljujući njihovom uticaju, proučavanje ovog računa postaje glavni fokus Eulerovog rada. Dok njegovi pojedini dokazi nisu prihvatljivi savremenim matematičkim standardima (naročito njegovo oslanjanje na princip opšte algebre), neke njegove ideje dovele su do mnogih velikih otkrića. Euler je dobro poznat na polju matematičke analize zbog učestale upotrebe i razvoja <a href="/wiki/Potencijalni_red" title="Potencijalni red">potencijalnog reda</a>, odnosno predstavljanja funkcija kao sume beskonačno mnogo članova koja se može predstaviti sljedećim izrazom: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle e^{x}=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{x^{n} \over n!}=\lim _{n\to \infty }\left({\frac {1}{0!}}+{\frac {x}{1!}}+{\frac {x^{2}}{2!}}+\cdots +{\frac {x^{n}}{n!}}\right).}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>!</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munder> <mo movablelimits="true" form="prefix">lim</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mrow> </munder> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>!</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>!</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>!</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>!</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle e^{x}=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{x^{n} \over n!}=\lim _{n\to \infty }\left({\frac {1}{0!}}+{\frac {x}{1!}}+{\frac {x^{2}}{2!}}+\cdots +{\frac {x^{n}}{n!}}\right).}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c95b9b62c1f21a1131cd62f7c18bee48d1dfe8d2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:50.674ex; height:6.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle e^{x}=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{x^{n} \over n!}=\lim _{n\to \infty }\left({\frac {1}{0!}}+{\frac {x}{1!}}+{\frac {x^{2}}{2!}}+\cdots +{\frac {x^{n}}{n!}}\right).}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Osim toga, značajno je napomenuti da je Euler direktno dokazao vrijednost potencijalnog reda kroz primjere broja <i>e</i> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inverzna_trigonometrijska_funkcija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inverzna trigonometrijska funkcija (stranica ne postoji)">inverzne trigonometrijske funkcije</a>. (Indirektni dokaz pomoću tehnike inverznog potencijalnog reda, odnosno niza dali su također poznati matematičari <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Newton</a> i <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz" title="Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz">Leibniz</a> između 1670. i 1680. godine). Njegova sjmela upotreba potencijalnog reda omogućila mu je da riješi poznati <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bazelski_problem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bazelski problem (stranica ne postoji)">Bazelski problem</a> 1735. godine (detaljniji argument za rješenje problema priložio je 1741. godine): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{1 \over n^{2}}=\lim _{n\to \infty }\left({\frac {1}{1^{2}}}+{\frac {1}{2^{2}}}+{\frac {1}{3^{2}}}+\cdots +{\frac {1}{n^{2}}}\right)={\frac {\pi ^{2}}{6}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <munderover> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munder> <mo movablelimits="true" form="prefix">lim</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mrow> </munder> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mn>3</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>π</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mn>6</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{1 \over n^{2}}=\lim _{n\to \infty }\left({\frac {1}{1^{2}}}+{\frac {1}{2^{2}}}+{\frac {1}{3^{2}}}+\cdots +{\frac {1}{n^{2}}}\right)={\frac {\pi ^{2}}{6}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8a9cfed0433da9faf896f688da37124e613ab17d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:51.705ex; height:6.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{1 \over n^{2}}=\lim _{n\to \infty }\left({\frac {1}{1^{2}}}+{\frac {1}{2^{2}}}+{\frac {1}{3^{2}}}+\cdots +{\frac {1}{n^{2}}}\right)={\frac {\pi ^{2}}{6}}.}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Euleru se pripisuje uvođenje eksponencijalne funkcije i logaritama u analitičke dokaze. Otkrio je kako izraziti različite logaritamske funkcije koristeći potencijalne redove a također je uspješno definirao logaritme negativnih i kompleksnih brojeva čime je u velikoj mjeri proširio područje matematičke primjene logaritama. Osim toga definirao je i eksponencijalnu funkciju za kompleksne brojeve pri čemu je otkrio i njenu vezu sa trigonometrijskim funkcijama. Za bilo koji <a href="/wiki/Realan_broj" title="Realan broj">relni broj</a> φ prema Euleru vrijedi izraz: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle e^{i\varphi }=\cos \varphi +i\sin \varphi .}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> <mi>φ</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>φ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>φ</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle e^{i\varphi }=\cos \varphi +i\sin \varphi .}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/396158ab1664889849843ce26a324ed8dbbf841e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:20.515ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle e^{i\varphi }=\cos \varphi +i\sin \varphi .}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Specijalni slučaj izraza iznad, poznat kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eulerov_identitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eulerov identitet (stranica ne postoji)">Eulerov identitet</a> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle e^{i\pi }+1=0}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle e^{i\pi }+1=0}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a7464809a40f9e486de3a454745f572fbf8bb256" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:11.089ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle e^{i\pi }+1=0}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Richard Feynman u svom djelu smatra za <i>najznačajniju formulu u matematici</i>, jer se u jednom izrazu, uz upotrebu različitih matematičkih operacija (sabiranje, množenje i stepenovanje) predstavlja pet značajnih konstanti u matematici a to su: 0, 1, e, i i π. Čitaoci časopisa <i>Mathematical Intelligence</i> su 1988. godine glasali za <i>Najljepšu matematičku formulu ikada</i>. Značajno je napomenuti da se među pet prvoplasiranih našlo čak tri Eulerove formule. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Moivreova_formula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Moivreova formula (stranica ne postoji)">De Moivreova formula</a> je direktna posljedica Eulerove formule. </p><p>Osim navedenog, Euler je obrazložio teoriju viših transcendentnih funkcija uvođenjem <a href="/wiki/Gama_funkcija" title="Gama funkcija">gama funkcije</a> kao i uvođenjem nove metode za rješavanje <a href="/wiki/Funkcija_%C4%8Detvrtog_stepena" title="Funkcija četvrtog stepena">jednačina četvrtog stepena</a>. Otkrio je i način računanja integrala sa kompleksnim granicama predodređujući time razvoj savremene kompleksne analize. Također je pronašao varijacijski račun, uključujući njegov najpoznatiji rezultat, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euler-Lagrangeova_jedna%C4%8Dina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euler-Lagrangeova jednačina (stranica ne postoji)">Euler-Lagrangeovu jednačinu</a>. </p><p>Euler је također bio pionir koji je koristio analitičke motede s ciljem rješavanja problema iz oblasti teorije brojeva. Upravo iz toga razloga, ujedinio je dvije različite grane matematike uvodeći pri tome novu oblast istraživanja, analitičku teoriju brojeva. U toku uvođenja nove oblasti u matematici, formirao je teoriju hipergeometrijskih redova, q-redova, hiperboličnih trigonometrijskih funkcija i analitičku teoriju verižnih ralomaka. Primjera radi, dokazao je da prostih brojeva ima beskonačno mnogo koristeći divergentnost harmonijskih redova a koristio je i analitičke metode kako bi odgonetnuo kako su prosti brojevi raspoređeni unutar skupa prirodnih brojeva. Eulerovi radovi na ovom polju doprinjeli su razvoju teorema o prostim brojevima. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teorija_brojeva">Teorija brojeva</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak "Teorija brojeva"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Teorija brojeva"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eulerov interes za teoriju brojeva potakao je Christiana Goldbacha, njegov prijatelj sa akademije u Sankt Peterburgu. Veliki dio njegovih najranijih radova iz ove oblasti je bilo zasnovano na djelima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_de_Fermat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre de Fermat (stranica ne postoji)">Pierrea de Fermata</a>. Euler je razvio neke njegove ideje ali je i opovrgao nekoliko hipoteza. </p><p>Povezao je prirodu pojavljivanja prostih brojeva sa idejama matematičke analize. Dokazao je da je suma recipročnih vrijednosti prostih brojeva divergira, otkrivši pri tome vezu između <a href="/wiki/Riemannova_zeta-funkcija" title="Riemannova zeta-funkcija">Rimanove zeta-funkcije</a> i prostih brojeva, danas poznatu kao Eulerova formula za Rimanovu zeta-funkciju. </p><p>Dokazao je i Newtonove identitete, Malu Fermatovu teoremu, Fermatovu teoremu o zbiru dva kvadrata i značajno doprinjeo Lagrangeovoj teoremi o četiri kvadrata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Također_pogledajte"><span id="Tako.C4.91er_pogledajte"></span>Također pogledajte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odlomak "Također pogledajte"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Također pogledajte"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%27Alembert%E2%80%93Eulerov_uslov" class="mw-redirect" title="D'Alembert–Eulerov uslov">d'Alembert–Eulerov uslov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E_(broj)" title="E (broj)">Eulerov broj</a>, baza <a href="/wiki/Prirodni_logaritam" title="Prirodni logaritam">prirodnog logaritma</a>, poznat i kao <a href="/wiki/John_Napier" title="John Napier">Napierova</a> konstanta</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Refernce">Refernce</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odlomak "Refernce"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Refernce"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3312388">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-function-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-function_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunham1999">Dunham 1999</a>, str. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eulerarch-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eulerarch_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3303350">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFSaint_Petersburg_(1739)" class="citation web cs1">Saint Petersburg (1739). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eulerarchive.maa.org/pages/E033.html">"Tentamen novae theoriae musicae ex certissismis harmoniae principiis dilucide expositae"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 18. 6. 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tentamen+novae+theoriae+musicae+ex+certissismis+harmoniae+principiis+dilucide+expositae.&rft.au=Saint+Petersburg+%281739%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feulerarchive.maa.org%2Fpages%2FE033.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Master-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Master_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFDunham1999" class="citation book cs1">Dunham, William (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ba/books?id=uKOVNvGOkhQC&redir_esc=y"><i>Euler: The Master of Us All</i></a>. Mathematical Association of America. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-88385-328-3" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-88385-328-3"><bdi>978-0-88385-328-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Euler%3A+The+Master+of+Us+All&rft.pub=Mathematical+Association+of+America&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-88385-328-3&rft.aulast=Dunham&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ba%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuKOVNvGOkhQC%26redir_esc%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Calinger. Leonhard Euler: The First St. Petersburg Years (1727–1741). Historia Mathematica 23, 2 (1996), 121-166, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0315086096900154?via%3Dihub">read online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mactutor-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mactutor_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFO'ConnorRobertson" class="citation web cs1">O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Bernoulli_Nicolaus%28II%29.html">"Nicolaus(II) Bernoulli"</a>. <i>MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_St_Andrews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of St Andrews (stranica ne postoji)">University of St Andrews</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 24. 1. 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+archive&rft.atitle=Nicolaus%28II%29+Bernoulli&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Edmund+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FBernoulli_Nicolaus%2528II%2529.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFFuss,_Nicolas." class="citation web cs1">Fuss, Nicolas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Extras/Euler_Fuss_Eulogy.html">"Eulogy of Leonhard Euler"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 19. 6. 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eulogy+of+Leonhard+Euler&rft.au=Fuss%2C+Nicolas.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk%2F~history%2FExtras%2FEuler_Fuss_Eulogy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gindikin, S.G., Гиндикин С. Г., МЦНМО, НМУ, 2001, с. 217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gekker-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gekker_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFGekkerEuler2007" class="citation book cs1">Gekker, I. R.; Euler, A. A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ta9bz1wv79AC&pg=PA402">"Leonhard Euler's family and descendants"</a>. <i><a href="#CITEREFBogolyubovMikhaĭlovYushkevich2007">Bogolyubov, Mikhaĭlov i Yushkevich 2007</a>, str. 402<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBogolyubovMikhaĭlovYushkevich2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Leonhard+Euler%27s+family+and+descendants&rft.btitle=Bogolyubov%2C+Mikha%C4%ADlov+i+Yushkevich+2007%2C+str.+402%3Cspan+class%3D%22error+harv-error%22+style%3D%22display%3A+none%3B+font-size%3A100%25%22%3E+harvnb+error%3A+no+target%3A+CITEREFBogolyubovMikha%C4%ADlovYushkevich2007+%28help%29%3C%2Fspan%3ECategory%3AHarv+and+Sfn+no-target+errors&rft.aulast=Gekker&rft.aufirst=I.+R.&rft.au=Euler%2C+A.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTa9bz1wv79AC%26pg%3DPA402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Upotreblja se zastarjeli parametar <code class="cs1-code">|chapterurl=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomo%C4%87:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomoć:CS1 greške (stranica ne postoji)">pomoć</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterE.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left">"</span>Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter E" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>amacad.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26. 6. 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amacad.org&rft.atitle=%22Book+of+Members%2C+1780%E2%80%932010%3A+Chapter+E%22+%28PDF%29.+American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fpublications%2FBookofMembers%2FChapterE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odlomak "Literatura"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Literatura"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3303351">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 60em"> <ul><li><i>Lexikon der Naturwissenschaftler</i>, (2000), Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFBradleyD'AntonioSandifer2007" class="citation book cs1">Bradley, Robert E.; D'Antonio, Lawrence A.; Sandifer, Charles Edward (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tK_KRmTf9nUC"><i>Euler at 300: An Appreciation</i></a>. Mathematical Association of America. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-88385-565-2" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-88385-565-2"><bdi>978-0-88385-565-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Euler+at+300%3A+An+Appreciation&rft.pub=Mathematical+Association+of+America&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-88385-565-2&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rft.au=D%27Antonio%2C+Lawrence+A.&rft.au=Sandifer%2C+Charles+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtK_KRmTf9nUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Calinger. Ronald S. <i>Leonhard Euler: Mathematical Genius in the Enlightenment</i> (Princeton UP, 2016). Pp. xvii, 669.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFGrattan-Guinness2005" class="citation book cs1">Demidov, S.S. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC&pg=PA191">"Treatise on the differential calculus"</a>. u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivor_Grattan-Guinness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivor Grattan-Guinness (stranica ne postoji)">Grattan-Guinness, Ivor</a> (ured.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC"><i>Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics 1640–1940</i></a>. Elsevier. str. 191–98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-08-045744-4" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-08-045744-4"><bdi>978-0-08-045744-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Treatise+on+the+differential+calculus&rft.btitle=Landmark+Writings+in+Western+Mathematics+1640%E2%80%931940&rft.pages=191-98&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-08-045744-4&rft.aulast=Demidov&rft.aufirst=S.S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUdGBy8iLpocC%26pg%3DPA191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFDunham2007" class="citation book cs1">Dunham, William (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A6by_UpQikIC"><i>The Genius of Euler: Reflections on his Life and Work</i></a>. Mathematical Association of America. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-88385-558-4" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-88385-558-4"><bdi>978-0-88385-558-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Genius+of+Euler%3A+Reflections+on+his+Life+and+Work&rft.pub=Mathematical+Association+of+America&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-88385-558-4&rft.aulast=Dunham&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA6by_UpQikIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFFraser2005" class="citation book cs1">Fraser, Craig G. (11. 2. 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC&pg=PA168"><i>Leonhard Euler's 1744 book on the calculus of variations</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-08-045744-4" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-08-045744-4"><bdi>978-0-08-045744-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leonhard+Euler%27s+1744+book+on+the+calculus+of+variations&rft.date=2005-02-11&rft.isbn=978-0-08-045744-4&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Craig+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUdGBy8iLpocC%26pg%3DPA168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span> In <a href="#CITEREFGrattan-Guinness2005">Grattan-Guinness 2005</a>, str. 168–80</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFGautschi,_Walter2008" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Gautschi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Gautschi (stranica ne postoji)">Gautschi, Walter</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/wxg/EulerLect.pdf">"Leonhard Euler: his life, the man, and his works"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>SIAM Review</i>. <b>50</b> (1): 3–33. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifikator)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008SIAMR..50....3G">2008SIAMR..50....3G</a>. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifikator)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Slobodno dostupno"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.177.8766">10.1.1.177.8766</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1137%2F070702710">10.1137/070702710</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SIAM+Review&rft.atitle=Leonhard+Euler%3A+his+life%2C+the+man%2C+and+his+works&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=3-33&rft.date=2008&rft_id=%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.177.8766%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1137%2F070702710&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008SIAMR..50....3G&rft.au=Gautschi%2C+Walter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.purdue.edu%2Fhomes%2Fwxg%2FEulerLect.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hascher, Xavier and Papadopoulos, Athanase (editors). 2015. <i>Leonhard Euler : Mathématicien, physicien et théoricien de la musique</i>, Paris, CNRS Editions, 2015, 516 str.</li> <li>Heimpell, Hermann, Theodor Heuss, Benno Reifenberg (editors). 1956. <i>Die großen Deutschen</i>, volume 2, Berlin: Ullstein Verlag.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFKrus2001" class="citation journal cs1">Krus, D.J. (novembar 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060210125807/http://www.visualstatistics.net/Statistics/Euler/Euler.htm">"Is the normal distribution due to Gauss? Euler, his family of gamma functions, and their place in the history of statistics"</a>. <i>Quality & Quantity</i>. <b>35</b> (4): 445–46. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1012226622613">10.1023/A:1012226622613</a>. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visualstatistics.net/Statistics/Euler/Euler.htm">originala</a>, 10. 2. 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+%26+Quantity&rft.atitle=Is+the+normal+distribution+due+to+Gauss%3F+Euler%2C+his+family+of+gamma+functions%2C+and+their+place+in+the+history+of+statistics&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=445-46&rft.date=2001-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1012226622613&rft.aulast=Krus&rft.aufirst=D.J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visualstatistics.net%2FStatistics%2FEuler%2FEuler.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFNahin2006" class="citation book cs1">Nahin, Paul J. (2006). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Potrebna besplatna registracija"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dreulersfabulous0000nahi"><i>Dr. Euler's Fabulous Formula: Cures Many Mathematical Ills</i></a></span>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-691-11822-2" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-691-11822-2"><bdi>978-0-691-11822-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dr.+Euler%27s+Fabulous+Formula%3A+Cures+Many+Mathematical+Ills&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-691-11822-2&rft.aulast=Nahin&rft.aufirst=Paul+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdreulersfabulous0000nahi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFdu_Pasquier2008" class="citation book cs1">du Pasquier, Louis-Gustave (2008). <i>Leonhard Euler And His Friends</i>. Prevod: John S.D. Glaus. CreateSpace. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-1-4348-3327-3" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-1-4348-3327-3"><bdi>978-1-4348-3327-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leonhard+Euler+And+His+Friends&rft.pub=CreateSpace&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4348-3327-3&rft.aulast=du+Pasquier&rft.aufirst=Louis-Gustave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFReich2005" class="citation book cs1">Reich, Karin (11. 2. 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC&pg=PA181"><i><span></span>'Introduction' to analysis</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-08-045744-4" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-08-045744-4"><bdi>978-0-08-045744-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Introduction%27+to+analysis&rft.date=2005-02-11&rft.isbn=978-0-08-045744-4&rft.aulast=Reich&rft.aufirst=Karin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUdGBy8iLpocC%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span> In <a href="#CITEREFGrattan-Guinness2005">Grattan-Guinness 2005</a>, str. 181–90</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFRicheson2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Richeson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Richeson (stranica ne postoji)">Richeson, David S.</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KUYLhOVkaV4C"><i>Euler's Gem: The Polyhedron Formula and the Birth of Topology</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-691-12677-7" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-691-12677-7"><bdi>978-0-691-12677-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Euler%27s+Gem%3A+The+Polyhedron+Formula+and+the+Birth+of+Topology&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-691-12677-7&rft.aulast=Richeson&rft.aufirst=David+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKUYLhOVkaV4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFSandifer2007" class="citation book cs1">Sandifer, C. Edward (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CvBxLr_0uBQC"><i>The Early Mathematics of Leonhard Euler</i></a>. Mathematical Association of America. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-88385-559-1" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-88385-559-1"><bdi>978-0-88385-559-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Early+Mathematics+of+Leonhard+Euler&rft.pub=Mathematical+Association+of+America&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-88385-559-1&rft.aulast=Sandifer&rft.aufirst=C.+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCvBxLr_0uBQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFSandifer2007" class="citation book cs1">Sandifer, C. Edward (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sohHs7ExOsYC"><i>How Euler Did It</i></a>. Mathematical Association of America. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-88385-563-8" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-88385-563-8"><bdi>978-0-88385-563-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Euler+Did+It&rft.pub=Mathematical+Association+of+America&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-88385-563-8&rft.aulast=Sandifer&rft.aufirst=C.+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsohHs7ExOsYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFSimmons1996" class="citation book cs1">Simmons, J. (1996). <i>The giant book of scientists: The 100 greatest minds of all time</i>. Sydney: The Book Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-1-86309-647-8" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-1-86309-647-8"><bdi>978-1-86309-647-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+giant+book+of+scientists%3A+The+100+greatest+minds+of+all+time&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pub=The+Book+Company&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-86309-647-8&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Singh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Singh (stranica ne postoji)">Singh, Simon</a> (1997). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermat%27s_Last_Theorem_(book)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermat's Last Theorem (book) (stranica ne postoji)"><i>Fermat's Last Theorem</i></a>. New York: Fourth Estate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-1-85702-669-6" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-1-85702-669-6"><bdi>978-1-85702-669-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fermat%27s+Last+Theorem&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Fourth+Estate&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-85702-669-6&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFThiele2005" class="citation book cs1">Thiele, Rüdiger (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZTedZtwYMoC&pg=PA81+">"The mathematics and science of Leonhard Euler"</a>. u Kinyon, Michael; van Brummelen, Glen (ured.). <i>Mathematics and the Historian's Craft: The Kenneth O. May Lectures</i>. Springer. str. 81–140. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-387-25284-1" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-387-25284-1"><bdi>978-0-387-25284-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+mathematics+and+science+of+Leonhard+Euler&rft.btitle=Mathematics+and+the+Historian%27s+Craft%3A+The+Kenneth+O.+May+Lectures&rft.pages=81-140&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-387-25284-1&rft.aulast=Thiele&rft.aufirst=R%C3%BCdiger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3ZTedZtwYMoC%26pg%3DPA81%2B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"A Tribute to Leohnard Euler 1707–1783". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematics_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematics Magazine (stranica ne postoji)">Mathematics Magazine</a></i>. <b>56</b> (5). novembar 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematics+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+Tribute+to+Leohnard+Euler+1707%E2%80%931783&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.date=1983-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFDerbyshire2003" class="citation book cs1">Derbyshire, John (2003). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Obsession&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prime Obsession (stranica ne postoji)"><i>Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest Unsolved Problem in Mathematics</i></a>. Washington, DC: John Henry Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-309-08549-6" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-309-08549-6"><bdi>978-0-309-08549-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prime+Obsession%3A+Bernhard+Riemann+and+the+Greatest+Unsolved+Problem+in+Mathematics&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=John+Henry+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-309-08549-6&rft.aulast=Derbyshire&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3ALeonhard+Euler" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjski_linkovi">Vanjski linkovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odlomak "Vanjski linkovi"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonhard_Euler&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Vanjski linkovi"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3627399">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3486241"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons logo"><img alt="Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons logo</figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Po%C4%8Detna_strana" class="extiw" title="commons:Početna strana">Commons</a> ima datoteke na temu: <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leonhard_Euler?uselang=bs">Leonhard Euler </a></span></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AwNbcaLa9hk">Iz života poznatih matematičara: Leonhard Euler (Obrazovno-naučni program RTS-a – zvanični kanal)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eulerarchive.org/">Eulerov arhiv</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fermatslasttheorem.blogspot.com/2005/05/leonhard-euler.html">Biografija Leonharda Eulera</a></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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