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id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-现代天文学的研究范围" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#现代天文学的研究范围"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>现代天文学的研究范围</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-现代天文学的研究范围-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-著名天文学家（按出生年排列）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#著名天文学家（按出生年排列）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>著名天文学家（按出生年排列）</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-著名天文学家（按出生年排列）-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关著名天文学家（按出生年排列）子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-著名天文学家（按出生年排列）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-畢達哥拉斯_Pythagoras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#畢達哥拉斯_Pythagoras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>畢達哥拉斯 Pythagoras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-畢達哥拉斯_Pythagoras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-苏格拉底_Socrates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#苏格拉底_Socrates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>苏格拉底 Socrates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-苏格拉底_Socrates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-柏拉图_Plato" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#柏拉图_Plato"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>柏拉图 Plato</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-柏拉图_Plato-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歐多克索斯_Eudoxus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歐多克索斯_Eudoxus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>歐多克索斯 Eudoxus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歐多克索斯_Eudoxus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-亚里士多德_Aristotle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#亚里士多德_Aristotle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>亚里士多德 Aristotle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-亚里士多德_Aristotle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-阿里斯塔克斯_Aristarchus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#阿里斯塔克斯_Aristarchus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>阿里斯塔克斯 Aristarchus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-阿里斯塔克斯_Aristarchus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-托勒密_Ptolemy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#托勒密_Ptolemy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>托勒密 Ptolemy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-托勒密_Ptolemy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-哥白尼_Copernicus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#哥白尼_Copernicus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>哥白尼 Copernicus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-哥白尼_Copernicus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-第谷_Tycho_Brahe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#第谷_Tycho_Brahe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>第谷 Tycho Brahe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-第谷_Tycho_Brahe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-开普勒_Kepler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#开普勒_Kepler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>开普勒 Kepler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-开普勒_Kepler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-伽利略_Galileo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#伽利略_Galileo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>伽利略 Galileo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-伽利略_Galileo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-牛顿_Newton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#牛顿_Newton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.12</span> <span>牛顿 Newton</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-牛顿_Newton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-赫歇尔_Herschel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#赫歇尔_Herschel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.13</span> <span>赫歇尔 Herschel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-赫歇尔_Herschel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.14</span> <span>其他</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">天文学家</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。89种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A" title="فلكي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فلكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83" title="عالم فلك – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عالم فلك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astr%C3%B3nomu" title="Astrónomu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Astrónomu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="اولدوزشیناس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اولدوزشیناس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астраном – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Астраном" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E" title="खगोलशास्त्रज्ञ – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="खगोलशास्त्रज्ञ" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞানী – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞানী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astr%C3%B2nom" title="Astrònom – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Astrònom" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asm%C3%AAn%C5%9F%C4%B1nas" title="Asmênşınas – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Asmênşınas" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Αστρονόμος – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αστρονόμος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Astronomer" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Astronomo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astr%C3%B3nomo" title="Astrónomo – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Astrónomo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Astronomo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="اخترشناس – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اخترشناس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4htitieteilij%C3%A4" title="Tähtitieteilijä – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tähtitieteilijä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronome" title="Astronome – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Astronome" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoom" title="Astronoom – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Astronoom" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9alteola%C3%AD" title="Réalteolaí – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Réalteolaí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reul-e%C3%B2laiche" title="Reul-eòlaiche – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Reul-eòlaiche" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astr%C3%B3nomo,_astr%C3%B3noma" title="Astrónomo, astrónoma – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Astrónomo, astrónoma" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9D" title="אסטרונום – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסטרונום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="खगोल विज्ञानी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खगोल विज्ञानी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csillag%C3%A1sz" title="Csillagász – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csillagász" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%BF" title="Աստղագետ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աստղագետ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Astronomo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onye_na-enyocha_mbara_igwe" title="Onye na-enyocha mbara igwe – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Onye na-enyocha mbara igwe" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Astronomo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85" title="天文学者 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="天文学者" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90" title="천문학자 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="천문학자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%AArnas" title="Stêrnas – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stêrnas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomus" title="Astronomus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Astronomus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoom" title="Astronoom – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Astronoom" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomas" title="Astronomas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Astronomas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoms" title="Astronoms – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Astronoms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Одон орон судлаач – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Одон орон судлаач" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A2" title="ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯢ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯢ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E" title="खगोलशास्त्रज्ञ – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खगोलशास्त्रज्ञ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahli_astronomi" title="Ahli astronomi – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ahli astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomu" title="Astronomu – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Astronomu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="နက္ခတ္တပညာရှင် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နက္ခတ္တပညာရှင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoom" title="Astronoom – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Astronoom" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astron%C3%B2m" title="Astronòm – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Astronòm" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فلکیات دان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فلکیات دان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astr%C3%B4nomo" title="Astrônomo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Astrônomo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astr%C3%B2numu" title="Astrònumu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Astrònumu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Astronomer" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="තාරකාවේදියා – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තාරකාවේදියා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Astronomer" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astron%C3%B3m" title="Astronóm – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Astronóm" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xidigisyahan" title="Xidigisyahan – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xidigisyahan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtaalamu_wa_anga" title="Mtaalamu wa anga – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mtaalamu wa anga" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="வானியல் வல்லுநர் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வானியல் வல்லுநர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="นักดาราศาสตร์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นักดาราศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Astronomo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Астроном – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Астроном" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ماہر فلکیات – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ماہر فلکیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Astronom" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_thi%C3%AAn_v%C4%83n_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Nhà thiên văn học – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà thiên văn học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="天文學家 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="天文學家" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thian-b%C3%BBn-ha%CC%8Dk-ka" title="Thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="天文學家 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="天文學家" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11063#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johannes_Vermeer_-_The_Astronomer_-_1668.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Johannes_Vermeer_-_The_Astronomer_-_1668.jpg/220px-Johannes_Vermeer_-_The_Astronomer_-_1668.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Johannes_Vermeer_-_The_Astronomer_-_1668.jpg/330px-Johannes_Vermeer_-_The_Astronomer_-_1668.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Johannes_Vermeer_-_The_Astronomer_-_1668.jpg/440px-Johannes_Vermeer_-_The_Astronomer_-_1668.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4401" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6_(%E5%BC%97%E7%BE%8E%E7%88%BE)" title="天文學家 (弗美爾)">天文學家</a>》，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="弗美尔">弗美爾</a>繪</figcaption></figure> <p><b>天文学家</b>是指研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="天文學">天文学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%AD%A6" title="宇宙学">宇宙学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="天体物理学">天体物理学</a>等相关学科的人士。因为有些<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="物理学家">物理学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="数学家">数学家</a>对天文理论有着不可忽视的影响，所以下面的列表中也包括这些人。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="现代天文学的研究范围"><span id=".E7.8E.B0.E4.BB.A3.E5.A4.A9.E6.96.87.E5.AD.A6.E7.9A.84.E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6.E8.8C.83.E5.9B.B4"></span>现代天文学的研究范围</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：现代天文学的研究范围"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>當代的天文学是以觀測為主之研究學科，部分以<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="望远镜">望远镜</a>與各種鏡後特殊接收裝置為接收星光各波長光波並加以處理，探視各種性質與變化以研究天體，結合物理學角度研究各天體以至宇宙的演化。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="著名天文学家（按出生年排列）"><span id=".E8.91.97.E5.90.8D.E5.A4.A9.E6.96.87.E5.AD.A6.E5.AE.B6.EF.BC.88.E6.8C.89.E5.87.BA.E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B4.E6.8E.92.E5.88.97.EF.BC.89"></span>著名天文学家（按出生年排列）</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：著名天文学家（按出生年排列）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="畢達哥拉斯_Pythagoras"><span id=".E7.95.A2.E9.81.94.E5.93.A5.E6.8B.89.E6.96.AF_Pythagoras"></span>畢達哥拉斯 Pythagoras</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：畢達哥拉斯 Pythagoras"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%BE%BE%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="毕达哥拉斯">毕达哥拉斯</a>，前570年至前495年 <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">天文學家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="哲學家">哲学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="数学家">数学家</a>、音乐理论家</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：大地是球形的、自转的天体，并围绕这一个中心火球（没说是太阳）旋转。抛弃<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="地心说">地心说</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92" class="mw-disambig" title="三角">三角</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%BE%BE%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="毕达哥拉斯定理">毕达哥拉斯定理</a>或称<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%BE%E8%82%A1%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="勾股定理">勾股定理</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="苏格拉底_Socrates"><span id=".E8.8B.8F.E6.A0.BC.E6.8B.89.E5.BA.95_Socrates"></span>苏格拉底 Socrates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：苏格拉底 Socrates"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%95" title="苏格拉底">苏格拉底</a>，前469年至前399年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%A9%E8%AF%81%E6%B3%95" title="辩证法">辩证法</a></li> <li>被列为希腊三贤之一。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BE" title="柏拉图">柏拉图</a>的老师。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="柏拉图_Plato"><span id=".E6.9F.8F.E6.8B.89.E5.9B.BE_Plato"></span>柏拉图 Plato</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：柏拉图 Plato"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BE" title="柏拉图">柏拉图</a>，前427年至前347年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：宇宙源自超自然造物主，宇宙最初为一片混沌。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a>沿着圆形轨道围绕地球公转，而地球静止不动。<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="地心说">地心说</a>。</li> <li>被列为希腊三贤之一。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%95" title="苏格拉底">苏格拉底</a>的徒弟，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亚里士多德">亚里士多德</a>的老师。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="歐多克索斯_Eudoxus"><span id=".E6.AD.90.E5.A4.9A.E5.85.8B.E7.B4.A2.E6.96.AF_Eudoxus"></span>歐多克索斯 Eudoxus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：歐多克索斯 Eudoxus"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E5%BE%97%E5%A1%9E%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="尤得塞斯">尤得塞斯</a>，前408年至前355年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a><b>天文学家</b>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="数学家">数学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="醫學家">医学家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：用数学模型解释天文理念。天体沿着三十三个固定的球体围绕地球旋转。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BE" title="柏拉图">柏拉图</a>的徒弟。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="亚里士多德_Aristotle"><span id=".E4.BA.9A.E9.87.8C.E5.A3.AB.E5.A4.9A.E5.BE.B7_Aristotle"></span>亚里士多德 Aristotle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：亚里士多德 Aristotle"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亚里士多德">亚里士多德</a>，前384年至前322年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="科学家">科学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%AE%B6" title="教育家">教育家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：运行的天体是物质实体。天体沿着五十五个球体旋转。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="物理">物理</a>：各物体只有在一个不断作用着的推动者直接接触下，才能够保持运动。</li> <li>被列为希腊三贤之一。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%95" title="苏格拉底">苏格拉底</a>的徒孙，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BE" title="柏拉图">柏拉图</a>的徒弟。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="阿里斯塔克斯_Aristarchus"><span id=".E9.98.BF.E9.87.8C.E6.96.AF.E5.A1.94.E5.85.8B.E6.96.AF_Aristarchus"></span>阿里斯塔克斯 Aristarchus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：阿里斯塔克斯 Aristarchus"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="阿里斯塔克斯">阿里斯塔克斯</a>，前310年至前230年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a><b>天文学家</b>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="数学家">数学家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="日心说">日心说</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>和其他<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a>自转并围绕<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太阳</a>公转。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="托勒密_Ptolemy"><span id=".E6.89.98.E5.8B.92.E5.AF.86_Ptolemy"></span>托勒密 Ptolemy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：托勒密 Ptolemy"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="托勒密">托勒密</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E7%8B%84%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86" title="克劳狄乌斯·托勒密">克劳狄乌斯·托勒密</a>，90年至168年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a><b>天文学家</b>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="地理學家">地理学家</a>、光学家</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="地心说">地心说</a>，perfected epicycle theory。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="哥白尼_Copernicus"><span id=".E5.93.A5.E7.99.BD.E5.B0.BC_Copernicus"></span>哥白尼 Copernicus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：哥白尼 Copernicus"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%93%A5%E7%99%BD%E5%B0%BC" title="尼古拉·哥白尼">尼古拉·哥白尼</a>，1473年至1543年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0" title="波兰">波兰</a><b>天文学家</b>，现代<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="天文学">天文学</a>创始人</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="日心说">日心说</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="第谷_Tycho_Brahe"><span id=".E7.AC.AC.E8.B0.B7_Tycho_Brahe"></span>第谷 Tycho Brahe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：第谷 Tycho Brahe"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E8%B0%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="第谷·布拉赫">第谷·布拉赫</a>，1546年至1601年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a>贵族，<b>天文学家</b>、占星术士、<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%BC%E9%87%91%E6%9C%AF%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-disambig" title="炼金术士">炼金术士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：精确的天文观测记录。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：他的助手<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BC%80%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92" title="约翰内斯·开普勒">开普勒</a>尝试让他接受<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="日心说">日心说</a>，但不成功。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E6%B3%95" title="历法">历法</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%AE%AA%E5%8E%86" class="mw-redirect" title="时宪历">时宪历</a>的主要依据就是第谷的天文观测结果。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="开普勒_Kepler"><span id=".E5.BC.80.E6.99.AE.E5.8B.92_Kepler"></span>开普勒 Kepler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：开普勒 Kepler"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BC%80%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92" title="约翰内斯·开普勒">约翰内斯·开普勒</a>，1571年至1630年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a><b>天文学家</b>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="数学家">数学家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：提出<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="开普勒定律">开普勒定律</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="伽利略_Galileo"><span id=".E4.BC.BD.E5.88.A9.E7.95.A5_Galileo"></span>伽利略 Galileo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：伽利略 Galileo"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%C2%B7%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E8%8E%B1" title="伽利略·伽利莱">伽利略·伽利莱</a>，1564年至1642年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E8%90%A8" title="比萨">比萨</a>城人。<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="物理学家">物理学家</a>、<b>天文学家</b>，近代实验科学的奠基者之一。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：他最早使用望远镜观测天体来支持<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E7%99%BD%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="哥白尼">哥白尼</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="日心说">日心说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="卫星">卫星</a>，sunspots，phases of Venus</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="牛顿_Newton"><span id=".E7.89.9B.E9.A1.BF_Newton"></span>牛顿 Newton</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：牛顿 Newton"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="艾萨克·牛顿">艾萨克·牛顿</a>，1643年至1727年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="数学家">数学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="科学家">科学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%BC%E9%87%91%E6%9C%AF" title="炼金术">炼金术</a>热衷者</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%B8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="经典力学">经典力学</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%89%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="万有引力定律">万有引力定律</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="牛顿运动定律">牛顿运动定律</a></li> <li>发明：制作了世界第一架<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="反射望远镜">反射望远镜</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="赫歇尔_Herschel"><span id=".E8.B5.AB.E6.AD.87.E5.B0.94_Herschel"></span>赫歇尔 Herschel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：赫歇尔 Herschel"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="弗里德里希·威廉·赫歇尔">弗里德里希·威廉·赫歇尔</a>，1738年至1822年 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a><b>天文学家</b>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%AE%B6" title="音乐家">音乐家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>：观测<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%91" title="星云">星云</a>；发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="天王星">天王星</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="其他"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96"></span>其他</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：其他"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E9%9B%B7" title="愛德蒙·哈雷">愛德蒙·哈雷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%9B%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦">阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E6%9B%BC" title="亞歷山大·弗里德曼">亞歷山大·弗里德曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E6%A2%85%E7%89%B9" title="乔治·勒梅特">乔治·勒梅特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%8B%83" title="愛德文·哈勃">愛德文·哈勃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF%E7%89%B9" title="威廉·德西特">威廉·德西特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%A0%B9" title="卡尔·萨根">卡爾·薩根</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E8%8A%AC%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E9%87%91" title="史蒂芬·霍金">史蒂芬·霍金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%B0%9F%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9" title="德谟克利特">德谟克利特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%97%A8%E5%B0%BC%E5%BE%B7" title="巴门尼德">巴门尼德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E8%A1%A1" title="张衡">张衡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E8%A1%8C" title="一行">一行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%86%B2%E4%B9%8B" title="祖冲之">祖冲之</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A4%E8%8B%A5%E6%9C%9B" title="汤若望">汤若望</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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