CINXE.COM
Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake </title> <meta name="googlebot" content="NOODP" /> <meta name="description" content="An international, peer-reviewed genome sciences journal featuring outstanding original research that offers novel insights into the biology of all organisms" /> <meta content="/genome/20/10/1411.atom" name="HW.identifier" /> <meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" /> <meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /> <meta content="Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake" name="DC.Title" /> <meta content="10.1101/gr.107987.110" name="DC.Identifier" /> <meta content="2010-10-01" name="DC.Date" /> <meta content="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press" name="DC.Publisher" /> <meta content="Chaysavanh Manichanh" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Jens Reeder" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Prudence Gibert" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Encarna Varela" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Marta Llopis" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Maria Antolin" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Roderic Guigo" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Rob Knight" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Francisco Guarner" name="DC.Contributor" /> <meta content="Genome Research" name="citation_journal_title" /> <meta content="Genome Res." name="citation_journal_abbrev" /> <meta content="Cold Spring Harbor Lab" name="citation_publisher" /> <meta content="1088-9051" name="citation_issn" /> <meta content="1549-5469" name="citation_issn" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Chaysavanh Manichanh" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Jens Reeder" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Prudence Gibert" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Encarna Varela" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Marta Llopis" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Maria Antolin" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Roderic Guigo" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Rob Knight" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Francisco Guarner" /> <meta content="Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="10/01/2010" name="citation_date" /> <meta content="20" name="citation_volume" /> <meta content="10" name="citation_issue" /> <meta content="1411" name="citation_firstpage" /> <meta content="1419" name="citation_lastpage" /> <meta content="20/10/1411" name="citation_id" /> <meta content="20/10/1411" name="citation_id_from_sass_path" /> <meta content="genome;20/10/1411" name="citation_mjid" /> <meta content="10.1101/gr.107987.110" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="https://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411.abstract" name="citation_abstract_html_url" /> <meta content="https://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411.full" name="citation_fulltext_html_url" /> <meta content="https://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411.full.pdf" name="citation_pdf_url" /> <meta content="/content/20/10.cover.gif" name="issue_cover_image" /> <meta content="https://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411" name="citation_public_url" /> <meta content="20736229" name="citation_pmid" /> <meta name="citation_section" content="Research" /> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive" /> <link href="/content/20/10/1398.short" rel="prev" /> <link href="/content/20/10/1420.short" rel="next" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/shared/css/hw-global.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/shared/css/standard-designs/design2/main.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/publisher/css/hw-cshljnls-global.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/local/css/hw-journal-global.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/shared/css/hw-citation-2.0-hacks.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" href="/shared/css/hw-print.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" href="/publisher/css/hw-cshljnls-print.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/shared/css/hw-page-content.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/publisher/css/hw-cshljnls-page-content.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/local/css/hw-journal-page-content.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/site/misc/custom-global.css" /><script type="text/javascript" id="session-d3009414e1">var callbackToken='515C3B279EE2082';</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/jquery-min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/fingerprint.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/hw-shared.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/design/hw-design1.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/publisher/js/cshl-shared.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/pages/hw-content.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/publisher/js/cshl-content.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_js/casa.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/site/misc/custom-global.js"></script></head> <body> <div class="hw-gen-page pagetype-content" id="pageid-content" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"> <div id="header"> <a href="http://www.cshlpress.com" rel="external-nw"><img src="/local/img/society_logo.gif" width="74" height="83" alt="Publisher Logo" id="main-logo" /></a><a href="/"><img title="Genome Research" alt="Genome Research" width="313" height="83" src="/local/img/journal_logo_standalone.gif" /></a> <p id="skip-link"> <a href="#content-block">Skip to main page content</a> </p> <ul class="button-list header-buttons"> <li class="first"><a href="/" title="HOME"><span>HOME</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/about.xhtml" title="ABOUT"><span>ABOUT</span></a></li> <li><a href="/content/by/year" title="ARCHIVE"><span>ARCHIVE</span></a></li> <li><a href="http://submit.genome.org/" title="SUBMIT"><span>SUBMIT</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/subscriptions/" title="SUBSCRIBE"><span>SUBSCRIBE</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/adinfo.xhtml" title="ADVERTISE"><span>ADVERTISE</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/ifora.xhtml" title="AUTHOR INFO"><span>AUTHOR INFO</span></a></li> <li><a href="/feedback" title="CONTACT"><span>CONTACT</span></a></li> <li class="last"><a href="/help/" title="HELP"><span>HELP</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="header-qs"> <form class="searchbox" action="/search" method="get"> <div> <label for="header-qs-input" id="header-qs-search-label">Search for Keyword:</label> <input value="" title="Search Genome Research" type="text" name="fulltext" id="header-qs-input" /><input type="hidden" name="submit" value="yes" /><label for="header-qs-search" id="header-qs-search-label">GO</label><input value="GO" alt="Link: Go" type="image" id="header-qs-search-go" src="/shared/img/standard-design/design2/go.gif" /> </div> <div class="adv-search-link"><a href="/search">Advanced Search</a></div> </form> </div> <div class="header-ac-elements"> <div class="inst-branding"> </div> <div id="authstring" class="suppress-header-login"> </div> <div id="hdr-login" class="suppress-header-login"></div> </div> <div class="banner-ads"> <ul> <li><a href="/cgi/adclick/?ad=57883&adclick=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fprograms.pacb.com%2Fl%2F1652%2F2024-10-14%2F44v4m7" target="_blank"><img class="adborder0" title="PacBio" src="//genome.cshlp.org/adsystem/graphics/7296416940576171/genome/PacBio%20LB%20Accuracy.jpg?ad=57883&adview=true" alt="PacBio" /></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="bar"> <div class="bar-inner"></div> </div> </div> <div id="content-block"> <div class="article abstract-view" itemprop="articleBody"><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-start"></span><h1 id="article-title-1" itemprop="headline">Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake</h1> <div class="contributors"> <ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1"> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-1" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Chaysavanh+Manichanh&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Chaysavanh Manichanh</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">1</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-fn-1-1" class="xref-corresp" href="#fn-1">5</a>, </li> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-2" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Jens+Reeder&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Jens Reeder</a></span><a id="xref-aff-2-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2">2</a>, </li> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-3" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Prudence+Gibert&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Prudence Gibert</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">1</a>, </li> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-4" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Encarna+Varela&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Encarna Varela</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">1</a>, </li> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-5" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Marta+Llopis&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Marta Llopis</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">1</a>, </li> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-6" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Maria+Antolin&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Maria Antolin</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-5" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">1</a>, </li> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-7" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Roderic+Guigo&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Roderic Guigo</a></span><a id="xref-aff-3-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-3">3</a>, </li> <li class="contributor" id="contrib-8" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Rob+Knight&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Rob Knight</a></span><a id="xref-aff-2-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2">2</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-4-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-4">4</a> and </li> <li class="last" id="contrib-9"><span class="name"><a class="name-search" href="/search?author1=Francisco+Guarner&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Francisco Guarner</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-6" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">1</a></li> </ol> <ol class="affiliation-list"> <li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address> <sup>1</sup> Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Ciberehd, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; </address> </li> <li class="aff"><a id="aff-2" name="aff-2"></a><address> <sup>2</sup> Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA; </address> </li> <li class="aff"><a id="aff-3" name="aff-3"></a><address> <sup>3</sup> Center for Genomic Regulation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; </address> </li> <li class="aff"><a id="aff-4" name="aff-4"></a><address> <sup>4</sup> Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA </address> </li> </ol> <ol class="corresp-list"></ol> </div> <div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1" itemprop="description"> <h2>Abstract</h2> <p id="p-3">The intestinal microbiota consists of over 1000 species, which play key roles in gut physiology and homeostasis. Imbalances in the composition of this bacterial community can lead to transient intestinal dysfunctions and chronic disease states. Understanding how to manipulate this ecosystem is thus essential for treating many disorders. In this study, we took advantage of recently developed tools for deep sequencing and phylogenetic clustering to examine the long-term effects of exogenous microbiota transplantation combined with and without an antibiotic pretreatment. In our rat model, deep sequencing revealed an intestinal bacterial diversity exceeding that of the human gut by a factor of two to three. The transplantation produced a marked increase in the microbial diversity of the recipients, which stemmed from both capture of new phylotypes and increase in abundance of others. However, when transplantation was performed after antibiotic intake, the resulting state simply combined the reshaping effects of the individual treatments (including the reduced diversity from antibiotic treatment alone). Therefore, lowering the recipient bacterial load by antibiotic intake prior to transplantation did not increase establishment of the donor phylotypes, although some dominant lineages still transferred successfully. Remarkably, all of these effects were observed after 1 mo of treatment and persisted after 3 mo. Overall, our results indicate that the indigenous gut microbial composition is more plastic that previously anticipated. However, since antibiotic pretreatment counterintuitively interferes with the establishment of an exogenous community, such plasticity is likely conditioned more by the altered microbiome gut homeostasis caused by antibiotics than by the primary bacterial loss. </p> </div> <div class="section fn-group" id="fn-group-1"> <h2>Footnotes</h2> <ul> <li class="fn-corresp" id="fn-1"> <p id="p-1"><a class="rev-xref" href="#xref-fn-1-1">↵</a><span class="fn-label">5</span> Corresponding author. </p> <p id="p-2">E-mail <span class="em-link"><span class="em-addr">cmanicha{at}gmail.com</span></span>; fax 34-934-894-032. </p> </li> <li class="fn" id="fn-4"> <p id="p-48">[Supplemental material is available online at <a href="http://www.genome.org">http://www.genome.org</a>. The sequencing data from this study have been submitted to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/sra/sra.cgi">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/sra/sra.cgi</a>) under accession no. SRA020673.] </p> </li> <li class="fn" id="fn-5"> <p id="p-49">Article published online before print. Article and publication date are at <a href="http://www.genome.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gr.107987.110">http://www.genome.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gr.107987.110</a>. </p> </li> </ul> </div> <ul class="history-list"> <li xmlns:hwp="http://schema.highwire.org/Journal" class="received" hwp:start="2010-03-19"><span class="received-label">Received </span>March 19, 2010. </li> <li xmlns:hwp="http://schema.highwire.org/Journal" class="accepted" hwp:start="2010-07-16"><span class="accepted-label">Accepted </span>July 16, 2010. </li> </ul> <ul class="copyright-statement"> <li class="fn" id="copyright-statement-1">Copyright © 2010 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press</li> </ul><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-end"></span></div> <div class="social-bookmarking"> <ul class="social-bookmark-links"> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-citeulike"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=CITEULIKE"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/citeulike.gif" alt="Add to CiteULike" title="CiteULike" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">CiteULike</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-delicious"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=DEL_ICIO_US"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/delicious.gif" alt="Add to Delicious" title="Delicious" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Delicious</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-digg"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=DIGG"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/digg.gif" alt="Add to Digg" title="Digg" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Digg</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-facebook"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/short/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=FACEBOOK" class="sb-facebook" rel="external-nw"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/facebook.gif" alt="Add to Facebook" title="Facebook" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Facebook</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-googleplus"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=GOOGLEPLUS&log_only=yes"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/googleplus.jpg" alt="Add to Google+" title="Google+" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Google+</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-reddit"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=REDDIT"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/reddit.gif" alt="Add to Reddit" title="Reddit" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Reddit</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-twitter"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=TWITTER"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/twitter.gif" alt="Add to Twitter" title="Twitter" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Twitter</span></li> </ul> <p class="social-bookmarking-help"><a href="/help/social_bookmarks.dtl">What's this?</a></p> </div><span id="related-urls"></span><div id="content-end-sb" class="sb-div"></div> </div> <div id="col-2"> <div class="article-nav sidebar-nav"> <a href="/content/20/10/1398.short" title="Previous article" class="previous">« Previous</a><span class="article-nav-sep"> | </span><a href="/content/20/10/1420.short" title="Next article" class="next">Next Article »</a> <span class="toc-link"> <a href="/content/20/10.toc" title="Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a> </span> </div> <div class="content-box" id="article-cb-main"> <div class="cb-contents"> <h3 class="cb-contents-header"><span>This Article</span></h3> <div class="cb-section cb-slug"> <ol> <li> <div id="slugline"> <span class="slug-metadata-note ahead-of-print"> Published in Advance <span class="slug-ahead-of-print-date">August 24, 2010</span>, doi: <span title="10.1101/gr.107987.110" class="slug-doi">10.1101/gr.107987.110 </span> </span> <cite> <abbr title="Genome Research" class="slug-jnl-abbrev"> Genome Res.</abbr><span class="slug-pub-date" itemprop="datePublished"> 2010. </span> <span class="slug-vol"> 20: </span><span class="slug-pages"> 1411-1419 </span> </cite> <a href="/site/misc/terms.xhtml"> <nlm:copyright-statement xmlns:nlm="http://schema.highwire.org/NLM/Journal" xmlns:hwp="http://schema.highwire.org/Journal" hwp:id="copyright-statement-1">Copyright © 2010 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press</nlm:copyright-statement></a> </div> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section" id="cb-art-links"> <ol> <li><span class="variant-indicator">» <span>Abstract</span></span><span class="free">Free</span></li> <li class="notice"><a href="/content/20/10/1411.full" rel="view-full-text">Full Text</a><span class="free">Free</span></li> <li class="notice"><a href="/content/20/10/1411.full.pdf+html" rel="view-full-text.pdf">Full Text (PDF)</a><span class="free">Free</span></li> <li><a href="/content/20/10/1411/suppl/DC1" rel="supplemental-data" class="dslink-supplemental-material">Supplemental Material</a></li> <li class="cb-versions"> <div><span id="pap-all-versions-label">All Versions of this Article:</span><ol class="version-list"> <li><a href="/content/early/2010/08/16/gr.107987.110">gr.107987.110v1</a></li> <li class="current-li"><span>20/10/1411</span> <span class="current-version">most recent</span></li> </ol> </div> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section collapsible" id="cb-art-cat"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Article Category</span></h4> <ol> <li> <ul class="subject-headings last-child"> <li><a class="tocsection-search" href="/search?tocsectionid=Research&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Research</a></li> </ul> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-svcs"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Services</span></h4> <ol> <li><a href="/cgi/alerts/ctalert?alertType=citedby&addAlert=cited_by&cited_by_criteria_resid=genome%3B20%2F10%2F1411&saveAlert=no&return-type=article&return_url=http://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411.short">Alert me when this article is cited</a></li> <li><a href="/cgi/alerts/ctalert?alertType=correction&addAlert=correction&correction_criteria_value=20/10/1411&saveAlert=no&return-type=article&return_url=http://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411.short">Alert me if a correction is posted</a></li> <li><a href="/search?qbe=genome%3Bgr.107987.110&citation=Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29:%201411&submit=yes">Similar articles in this journal</a></li> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=genome%3B20%2F10%2F1411&link_type=ISI_RELATEDRECORDS" id="cb-isi-similar-articles">Similar articles in Web of Science</a></li> <li class="usage-stats-link icon-link"><a href="/articleusage?gca=genome;20/10/1411" rel="nofollow">Article Metrics</a></li> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=20736229&link_type=MED_NBRS">Similar articles in PubMed</a></li> <li><a href="/citmgr?gca=genome%3B20%2F10%2F1411">Download to citation manager</a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/permissions_landing.xhtml"> Permissions </a></li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-cit"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Citing Articles</span></h4> <ol> <li><a href="/content/20/10/1411.short?cited-by=yes&legid=genome;20/10/1411#cited-by" id="cb-hw-citing-articles">Load citing article information</a></li> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=%2Fgenome%2F20%2F10%2F1411&link_type=ISI_CITING&accnum_type=native" rel="external-nw" id="cb-isi-citing-articles">Citing articles via Web of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=https://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411.abstract&link_type=GOOGLESCHOLAR">Citing articles via Google Scholar</a></li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-gs"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Google Scholar</span></h4> <ol> <li><a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author%3AManichanh%20author%3AC.%22">Articles by Manichanh, C.</a></li> <li><a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author%3AGuarner%20author%3AF.%22">Articles by Guarner, F.</a></li> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=https://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1411.abstract&link_type=GOOGLESCHOLARRELATED">Search for related content</a></li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-pm"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>PubMed/NCBI</span></h4> <ol> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=20736229&link_type=PUBMED">PubMed citation</a></li> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=Manichanh%20C&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH">Articles by Manichanh, C.</a></li> <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=Guarner%20F&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH">Articles by Guarner, F.</a></li> <li> <div id="cb-entrez-links-placeholder"><a href="/entrez-links/20736229"></a></div> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-soc"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Share</span></h4> <ol> <li><a href="/email?gca=genome%3B20%2F10%2F1411&current-view-path=/content/20/10/1411.short"></a></li> <li> <div class="social-bookmarking"> <ul class="social-bookmark-links"> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-citeulike"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=CITEULIKE"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/citeulike.gif" alt="Add to CiteULike" title="CiteULike" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">CiteULike</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-delicious"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=DEL_ICIO_US"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/delicious.gif" alt="Add to Delicious" title="Delicious" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Delicious</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-digg"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=DIGG"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/digg.gif" alt="Add to Digg" title="Digg" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Digg</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-facebook"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/short/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=FACEBOOK" class="sb-facebook" rel="external-nw"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/facebook.gif" alt="Add to Facebook" title="Facebook" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Facebook</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-googleplus"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=GOOGLEPLUS&log_only=yes"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/googleplus.jpg" alt="Add to Google+" title="Google+" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Google+</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-reddit"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=REDDIT"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/reddit.gif" alt="Add to Reddit" title="Reddit" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Reddit</span></li> <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-twitter"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=https://genome.cshlp.org/cgi/content/long/20/10/1411&title=Reshaping%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20with%20bacterial%20transplantation%20and%20antibiotic%20intake+--+Manichanh%20et%20al.%2020%20%2810%29%3A%201411+--+GENOME&doi=10.1101/gr.107987.110&link_type=TWITTER"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/twitter.gif" alt="Add to Twitter" title="Twitter" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Twitter</span></li> </ul> <p class="social-bookmarking-help"><a href="/help/social_bookmarks.dtl">What's this?</a></p> </div> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-box" id="art-history-pane"> <div class="cb-contents"> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-gs"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"> <span>Preprint Server</span> </h4> <div id="art-history"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-box" id="article-cb-main"> <div class="cb-contents"> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-gs-cshl"></div> </div> </div> <div id="col-2-widget-placeholder"> <br /> <br /> </div> <ul class="tower-ads"> <li class="no-ad tower_col_2"><span> </span></li> </ul> </div> <div id="col-3"> <div class="content-box" id="sidebar-current-issue"> <div class="cb-contents"> <h3 class="cb-contents-header"><span>Current Issue</span></h3> <div class="cb-section"> <ol> <li><span><a href="/content/current" rel="current-issue">November 2024, 34 (11)</a></span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="cb-section"> <ol> <li> <div class="current-issue"><a href="/content/current" rel="current-issue"><img src="/content/34/11.cover.gif" width="67" height="89" alt="Current Issue" /></a></div> </li> </ol> </div> <cb:item xmlns:cb="http://schema.highwire.org/Site/Content-Box"> <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="sidebar-cur-issue-coverlines"> <h4 class="cb-section-header"> <span>From the Cover</span> </h4> <ul> <li> <a href="/site/cl/CL_34_11_dis_canc.xhtml">Rare disease and cancer genomics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/site/cl/CL_34_11_long_read.xhtml">Long-read RNA sequencing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/site/cl/CL_34_11_chrom_lev.xhtml">T2T and chromosome-level assemblies</a> </li> <li> <a href="/site/cl/CL_34_11_data_app.xhtml">Novel long-read sequencing data approaches</a> </li> <li> <a href="/site/cl/CL_34_11_det_char.xhtml">Rapid pathogen detection and characterization</a> </li> </ul> </div> </cb:item> <div class="cb-section sidebar-etoc-link"> <ol> <li><a href="/cgi/alerts/etoc">Alert me to new issues of <span class="journal-name"> Genome Research </span> </a></li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar-global-nav"> <ul class="button-list pub-links"> <li class="first"><a href="/content/early/recent" title="Advance Online Articles "><span>Advance Online Articles </span></a></li> <li><a href="http://submit.genome.org/" rel="external-nw" title="Submit a Manuscript"><span>Submit a Manuscript</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/press/Announcements.xhtml" title="GR in the News "><span>GR in the News </span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/about.xhtml" title="Editorial Board"><span>Editorial Board</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/permissions_landing.xhtml" title="Permissions"><span>Permissions</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/alertland.xhtml" title="E-mail Alerts & RSS Feeds"><span>E-mail Alerts & RSS Feeds</span></a></li> <li><a href="http://www.cshlpress.com/library/?hwinfo" title="Recommend to Your Library"><span>Recommend to Your Library</span></a></li> <li class="last"><a href="/site/misc/classifieds.xhtml" title="Job Opportunities"><span>Job Opportunities</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <ul class="tower-ads"> <li><a href="/cgi/adclick/?ad=57881&adclick=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbit.ly%2F3XReZAs" target="_blank"><img class="adborder0" title="Oxford Nanopore" src="//genome.cshlp.org/adsystem/graphics/7296416940576171/genome/ONT%20Tower%20Bolder.jpg?ad=57881&adview=true" alt="Oxford Nanopore" /></a></li> </ul> <div id="col-3-widget-placeholder" style="padding-top:12px;"></div> </div> <div id="footer"> <div class="bar"> <div class="footer-group footer-col-left"> <ul class="button-list footer-buttons"> <li class="first"><a href="/" title="Home"><span>Home</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/about.xhtml" title="About"><span>About</span></a></li> <li><a href="/content/by/year" title="Archive"><span>Archive</span></a></li> <li><a href="http://submit.genome.org/" title="Submit"><span>Submit</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/subscriptions/" title="Subscribe"><span>Subscribe</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/adinfo.xhtml" title="Advertise"><span>Advertise</span></a></li> <li><a href="/site/misc/ifora.xhtml" title="Author Info"><span>Author Info</span></a></li> <li><a href="/feedback" title="Contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> <li class="last"><a href="/help/" title="Help"><span>Help</span></a></li> </ul> <p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.cshlpress.com/" rel="external-nw">Copyright © 2024 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press</a></p> </div> <div class="footer-group footer-col-right"> <ul class="issns"> <li> <span>Print ISSN: </span> <span class="issn">1088-9051</span> </li> <li> <span>Online ISSN: </span> <span class="issn">1549-5469</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="block-2 sb-div"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> document.write(unescape("%3Cscript async src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-R8GM9H68DV'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-R8GM9H68DV'); </script> </div><script type="text/javascript"> document.write(unescape("%3Cscript async src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-1CWXPJ6EVC'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-1CWXPJ6EVC'); </script></div> </body> </html>