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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_capitals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_capitals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modern capitals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_capitals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planned_capitals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planned_capitals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Planned capitals</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Planned_capitals-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Planned capitals subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Planned_capitals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Compromise_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compromise_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Compromise locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compromise_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unusual_capital_city_arrangements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unusual_capital_city_arrangements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Unusual capital city arrangements</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Unusual_capital_city_arrangements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Unusual capital city arrangements subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Unusual_capital_city_arrangements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Capitals_that_are_not_the_seat_of_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Capitals_that_are_not_the_seat_of_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Capitals that are not the seat of government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capitals_that_are_not_the_seat_of_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disputed_capitals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disputed_capitals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Disputed capitals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disputed_capitals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Capital_as_symbol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Capital_as_symbol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Capital as symbol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capital_as_symbol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Capitals_in_military_strategy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Capitals_in_military_strategy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Capitals in military strategy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capitals_in_military_strategy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Capital city</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 223 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-223" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">223 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8D_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%8A%D1%8B%D1%89%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Къалэ нэхъыщхьэр – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Къалэ нэхъыщхьэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoofstad" title="Hoofstad – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hoofstad" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauptstadt" title="Hauptstadt – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hauptstadt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%8B%E1%8A%93_%E1%8A%A8%E1%89%B0%E1%88%9B" title="ዋና ከተማ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዋና ከተማ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C3%A1ivikaavpug" title="Uáivikaavpug – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Uáivikaavpug" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heafodstol" title="Heafodstol – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Heafodstol" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%B3%D2%AD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%8C" title="Аҳҭнықалақь – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аҳҭнықалақь" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%85%D8%A9" title="عاصمة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عاصمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_(politica)" title="Capital (politica) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Capital (politica)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%AB%DC%9F%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capit%C3%A2la" title="Capitâla – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Capitâla" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_(pol%C3%ADtica)" title="Capital (política) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Capital (política)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="राजधानी – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="राजधानी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavusu" title="Tavusu – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tavusu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тахшагьар – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Тахшагьар" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paytaxt" title="Paytaxt – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Paytaxt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="پایتخت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پایتخت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Ibu kota" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="রাজধানী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাজধানী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indung_banua" title="Indung banua – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Indung banua" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%BA-to%CD%98" title="Siú-to͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siú-to͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibukota" title="Ibukota – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ibukota" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Баш ҡала – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Баш ҡала" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Сталіца – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сталіца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Сталіца – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сталіца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="राजधानी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="राजधानी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitolyo" title="Kapitolyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kapitolyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaptel" title="Kaptel – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kaptel" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Столица – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Столица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptstod" title="Haptstod – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Haptstod" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavni_grad" title="Glavni grad – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Glavni grad" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%AAr-benn" title="Kêr-benn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kêr-benn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Ниислэл – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ниислэл" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital" title="Capital – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Capital" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%95%D0%BF_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Тĕп хула – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тĕп хула" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapital" title="Kapital – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kapital" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_m%C4%9Bsto" title="Hlavní město – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hlavní město" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prifddinas" title="Prifddinas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Prifddinas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovedstad" title="Hovedstad – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hovedstad" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9" title="عاصيمة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عاصيمة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaiveg%C3%A1vpot" title="Oaivegávpot – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Oaivegávpot" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haaptschtadt" title="Haaptschtadt – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Haaptschtadt" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauptstadt" title="Hauptstadt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hauptstadt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%88%DE%AC%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%81%DE%B0" title="ވެރިރަށް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ވެރިރަށް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stolica" title="Stolica – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Stolica" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pealinn" title="Pealinn – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pealinn" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Πρωτεύουσα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρωτεύουσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Прявтош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Прявтош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_(pol%C3%ADtica)" title="Capital (política) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Capital (política)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88efurbo" title="Ĉefurbo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉefurbo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_(pol%C3%ADtica)" title="Capital (política) – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Capital (política)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiriburu" title="Hiriburu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hiriburu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="پایتخت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پایتخت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital" title="Capital – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Capital" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B8vu%C3%B0ssta%C3%B0ur" title="Høvuðsstaður – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Høvuðsstaður" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitale" title="Capitale – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Capitale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haadst%C3%AAd" title="Haadstêd – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Haadstêd" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capit%C3%A2l" title="Capitâl – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Capitâl" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADomhchathair" title="Príomhchathair – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Príomhchathair" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preeu-valley" title="Preeu-valley – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Preeu-valley" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AComh-bhaile" title="Prìomh-bhaile – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Prìomh-bhaile" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital" title="Capital – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Capital" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="НанагӀала – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="НанагӀала" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80" title="રાજધાની – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રાજધાની" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BA-t%C3%BB" title="Sú-tû – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sú-tû" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%BB%D1%81%D0%BD" title="Хотол балһсн – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Хотол балһсн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%8F%84" title="수도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapikala" title="Kapikala – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kapikala" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%84" title="Մայրաքաղաք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մայրաքաղաք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="राजधानी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राजधानी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stolica" title="Stolica – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Stolica" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavni_grad" title="Glavni grad – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Glavni grad" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitolio" title="Kapitolio – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kapitolio" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="রাজধানী – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="রাজধানী" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ibu kota" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital" title="Capital – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Capital" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C3%A6%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сæйраг сахар – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сæйраг сахар" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKomkhulu" title="IKomkhulu – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IKomkhulu" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhlokodolobha" title="Inhlokodolobha – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inhlokodolobha" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6fu%C3%B0borg" title="Höfuðborg – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Höfuðborg" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitale_(citt%C3%A0)" title="Capitale (città) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Capitale (città)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94" title="עיר בירה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיר בירה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutha_krajan" title="Kutha krajan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kutha krajan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illoqarfiit_pingaarnersaat" title="Illoqarfiit pingaarnersaat – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Illoqarfiit pingaarnersaat" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF" title="ರಾಜಧಾನಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಜಧಾನಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ара шахар – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Ара шахар" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98" title="დედაქალაქი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დედაქალაქი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D9%B2%D9%86%D8%A0" title="راز دٲنؠ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="راز دٲنؠ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stol%C3%ABca" title="Stolëca – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Stolëca" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Елорда – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Елорда" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penncita" title="Penncita – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Penncita" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umurwa" title="Umurwa – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umurwa" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mji_mkuu" title="Mji mkuu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mji mkuu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbanza_ya_kimfumu" title="Mbanza ya kimfumu – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mbanza ya kimfumu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapital" title="Kapital – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kapital" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paytext" title="Paytext – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Paytext" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Борбор шаар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Борбор шаар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitela" title="Capitela – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Capitela" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivdad_kapitala" title="Sivdad kapitala – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Sivdad kapitala" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%87" title="ນະຄອນຫຼວງ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ນະຄອນຫຼວງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caput_(urbs)" title="Caput (urbs) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Caput (urbs)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvaspils%C4%93ta" title="Galvaspilsēta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Galvaspilsēta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haaptstad" title="Haaptstad – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Haaptstad" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sostin%C4%97" title="Sostinė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sostinė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houfsjtad" title="Houfsjtad – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Houfsjtad" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mb%C3%B3ka-mokonzi" title="Mbóka-mokonzi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mbóka-mokonzi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitala" title="Capitala – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Capitala" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C5%91v%C3%A1ros" title="Főváros – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Főváros" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="राजधानी – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="राजधानी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Главен град – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Главен град" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renivohitra" title="Renivohitra – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Renivohitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="തലസ്ഥാനം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തലസ്ഥാനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_kapitali" title="Belt kapitali – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Belt kapitali" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81one_matua" title="Tāone matua – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tāone matua" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="राजधानी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="राजधानी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="ნანანოღა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნანანოღა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%87" title="عاصمه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عاصمه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="نیشتگا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نیشتگا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibu_negara" title="Ibu negara – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ibu negara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ibu kota" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C5%AB-d%C5%AD" title="Siū-dŭ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Siū-dŭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital" title="Capital – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Capital" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Пряошец – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Пряошец" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Нийслэл – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нийслэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA" title="မြို့တော် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မြို့တော်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecuacan" title="Tecuacan – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tecuacan" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoofdstad" title="Hoofdstad – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hoofdstad" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heufdstad" title="Heufdstad – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Heufdstad" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="राजधानी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राजधानी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AC%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE)" title="तलैनकरम् (सन् २००६या संकिपा) – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="तलैनकरम् (सन् २००६या संकिपा)" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="首都" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitale_(cit%C3%A0)" title="Capitale (cità) – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Capitale (cità)" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Коьрта гӀала – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Коьрта гӀала" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitel_citii" title="Kapitel citii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kapitel citii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovedstad" title="Hovedstad – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hovedstad" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovudstad" title="Hovudstad – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hovudstad" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitale" title="Capitale – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Capitale" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef-urbe" title="Chef-urbe – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Chef-urbe" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitala" title="Capitala – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Capitala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D3%B1%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Рӱдола – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Рӱдола" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poytaxt" title="Poytaxt – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Poytaxt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਰਾਜਧਾਨੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਾਜਧਾਨੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%DA%AF%DA%91%DA%BE" title="راجگڑھ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="راجگڑھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapital" title="Kapital – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Kapital" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%90%D9%86%D9%87" title="پلازمېنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پلازمېنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Канкар – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Канкар" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitol" title="Kapitol – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kapitol" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6%C3%B6ftstadt" title="Hööftstadt – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hööftstadt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stolica" title="Stolica – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stolica" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Πρωτεύουσα – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Πρωτεύουσα" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital" title="Capital – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Capital" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paytaxt" title="Paytaxt – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Paytaxt" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paytaht" title="Paytaht – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Paytaht" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital%C4%83" title="Capitală – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Capitală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherutno_foro" title="Sherutno foro – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Sherutno foro" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapitala" title="Chapitala – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Chapitala" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uma_llaqta" title="Uma llaqta – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Uma llaqta" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Головне місто – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Головне місто" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Столица – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Столица" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Киин куорат – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Киин куорат" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laumua" title="Laumua – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Laumua" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%BD%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B2" title="ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitale" title="Capitale – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Capitale" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caipital" title="Caipital – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Caipital" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haudst%C3%A4%C3%A4d" title="Haudstääd – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Haudstääd" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toropokgolo" title="Toropokgolo – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Toropokgolo" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryeqyteti" title="Kryeqyteti – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kryeqyteti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitali" title="Capitali – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Capitali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB" title="අගනුවර – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අගනුවර" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Capital city" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%84%DA%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B4%DA%BE%D8%B1" title="راڄڌاني شھر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="راڄڌاني شھر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlavn%C3%A9_mesto" title="Hlavné mesto – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hlavné mesto" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavno_mesto" title="Glavno mesto – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glavno mesto" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8A_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Стольнъ градъ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Стольнъ градъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stolica" title="Stolica – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Stolica" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magaalo_madax" title="Magaalo madax – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Magaalo madax" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="پایتەخت – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پایتەخت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamafoto" title="Mamafoto – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Mamafoto" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Главни град – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Главни град" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavni_grad" title="Glavni grad – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Glavni grad" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puseur_dayeuh" title="Puseur dayeuh – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Puseur dayeuh" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4%C3%A4kaupunki" title="Pääkaupunki – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pääkaupunki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huvudstad" title="Huvudstad – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Huvudstad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabisera" title="Kabisera – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kabisera" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தலைநகரம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தலைநகரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamana%C9%A3t" title="Tamanaɣt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tamanaɣt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitale_(cetate)" title="Capitale (cetate) – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Capitale (cetate)" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Башкала – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Башкала" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B5%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%84%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%81%B8%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="ဝဵင်းငဝ်ႈၸိုင်ႈ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ဝဵင်းငဝ်ႈၸိုင်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF" title="రాజధాని – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాజధాని" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87" title="เมืองหลวง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เมืองหลวง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%B0_%E1%8A%A8%E1%89%B0%E1%88%9B" title="ርእሰ ከተማ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ርእሰ ከተማ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82" title="Пойтахт – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пойтахт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%B0%E1%8E%B5_%E1%8F%97%E1%8E%A6%E1%8E%B3%E1%8F%AB%E1%8E%A2%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C5%9Fkent" title="Başkent – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Başkent" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%BDtagt" title="Paýtagt – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Paýtagt" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahenkuro" title="Ahenkuro – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ahenkuro" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Шоркар – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шоркар" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Столиця – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Столиця" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA" title="دار الحکومت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دار الحکومت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soujduh" title="Soujduh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Soujduh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavedal" title="Cavedal – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cavedal" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4lidn" title="Pälidn – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Pälidn" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7_%C4%91%C3%B4" title="Thủ đô – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thủ đô" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cifazif" title="Cifazif – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Cifazif" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4%C3%A4liin" title="Pääliin – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Pääliin" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwaisse_veye" title="Mwaisse veye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mwaisse veye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%AC" title="京 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="京" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoofdstad" title="Hoofdstad – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Hoofdstad" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamunuan_(politika)" title="Pamunuan (politika) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pamunuan (politika)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="首都" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%90%D7%98" title="הויפטשטאט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הויפטשטאט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%C3%BA%C3%ACl%C3%BA" title="Olúìlú – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Olúìlú" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="首都" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paytext" title="Paytext – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Paytext" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%C3%B4dstad" title="Oôdstad – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Oôdstad" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suost%C4%97n%C4%97" title="Suostėnė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Suostėnė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="首都" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibu_negeri" title="Ibu negeri – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Ibu negeri" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ibu kota" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pajtaxt" title="Pajtaxt – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Pajtaxt" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A5%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5119#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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For the capital city of a county, see <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Capital_City_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Capital City (disambiguation)">Capital City (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January.jpg/300px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January.jpg/450px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January.jpg/600px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1364" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities" title="List of largest cities">most populous metropolitan area</a> in the world</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>capital city</b> or just <b>capital</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a> holding primary status in a <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">country</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">state</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province" title="Province">province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Department_(administrative_division)" title="Department (administrative division)">department</a>, or other <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">subnational division</a>, usually as its <a href="/wiki/Seat_of_government" title="Seat of government">seat of the government</a>. A capital is typically a <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">city</a> that physically encompasses the government's offices and meeting places; the status as capital is often designated by its law or <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitution</a>. In some <a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">jurisdictions</a>, including several countries, different branches of government are in different settlements, sometimes meaning multiple official capitals. In some cases, a distinction is made between the official (<a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitutional</a>) capital and the seat of government, which is in <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_multiple_capitals" title="List of countries with multiple capitals">another place</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English-language</a> news media often use the name of the capital city as an alternative name for the government of the country of which it is the capital, as a form of <a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">metonymy</a>. For example, the "relations between <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington</a>" refers to the "<a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="United Kingdom–United States relations">relations between the United Kingdom and the United States</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology_and_etymology">Terminology and etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology and etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg/220px-Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg/330px-Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg/440px-Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, as the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, acquired the nickname of <i><a href="/wiki/Caput_Mundi" title="Caput Mundi">Caput Mundi</a></i> ("Capital of the world").</figcaption></figure> <p>The word <i>capital</i> derives from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> word <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">caput</i></span> (genitive <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">capitis</i></span>), meaning '<a href="/wiki/Head" title="Head">head</a>', later borrowed from <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Latin" title="Medieval Latin">Medieval Latin</a> <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">capitālis</i></span></i> ('of the head').<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> phrase <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Caput_Mundi" title="Caput Mundi">Roma Caput Mundi</a></i></span> meaning 'Rome capital of the world' (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">head of the world</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) was already used by the poet <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> in <a href="/wiki/1st_century_BC" title="1st century BC">1st century BC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It originates out of a <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">classical European</a> understanding of the <a href="/wiki/Ecumene" title="Ecumene">known world</a>: <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest Asia">Southwest Asia</a>. The phrase is related to the enduring power of the city first as the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Republic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Empire</a>, and later as the centre of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In several English-speaking <a href="/wiki/Constituent_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituent state">states</a>, the terms <a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">county town</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> are also used in lower <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative divisions</a>. In some <a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">unitary states</a>, subnational capitals may be known as 'administrative centres'. The capital is often the largest city of its constituent, though <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_whose_capital_is_not_their_largest_city" title="List of countries whose capital is not their largest city">not always</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Forbidden_City_-_View_from_Coal_Hill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Forbidden_City_-_View_from_Coal_Hill.jpg/220px-The_Forbidden_City_-_View_from_Coal_Hill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Forbidden_City_-_View_from_Coal_Hill.jpg/330px-The_Forbidden_City_-_View_from_Coal_Hill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Forbidden_City_-_View_from_Coal_Hill.jpg/440px-The_Forbidden_City_-_View_from_Coal_Hill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4092" data-file-height="2046" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, as the last of the <a href="/wiki/Historical_capitals_of_China" title="Historical capitals of China">Four Great Ancient Capitals</a> of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, has served as the country's political centre for most of the past eight centuries.</figcaption></figure> <p>Historically, the major economic centre of a state or region has often become the focal point of political power, and became a capital through <a href="/wiki/Conquest_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquest (military)">conquest</a> or <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historical examples are <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">ancient Babylon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Athens" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Athens">ancient Athens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baghdad#History" title="Baghdad">Abbasid Baghdad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cusco" title="Cusco">ancient Cusco</a>. The modern capital city has not always existed: in medieval Western Europe, an <a href="/wiki/Itinerant_court" title="Itinerant court">itinerant (wandering) government</a> was common.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The capital city attracts politically motivated people and those whose skills are needed for efficient <a href="/wiki/Administration_(government)" title="Administration (government)">administration</a> of national or imperial governments, such as <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_scientist" class="mw-redirect" title="Political scientist">political scientists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banking" class="mw-redirect" title="Banking">bankers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalists</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Public_policy_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public policy (law)">public policy makers</a>. Some of these cities are or were also <a href="/wiki/Holy_city" title="Holy city">religious centres</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e.g. <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (more than one religion), <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>/<a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a>), <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> (more than one religion), Babylon, Moscow (the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>), Belgrade (the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serbian Orthodox Church</a>), Paris, and Beijing. In some countries, the capital has been changed for <a href="/wiki/Geopolitics" title="Geopolitics">geopolitical</a> reasons; <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>'s first city, <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a>, which had served as the country's capital since the Middle Ages under the Swedish rule, lost its position during the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland" title="Grand Duchy of Finland">Grand Duchy of Finland</a> in 1812, when <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> was made the current capital of Finland by the Russian Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The convergence of political and economic or cultural power is by no means universal. Traditional capitals may be economically eclipsed by provincial rivals as is the case with <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> by <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a> by <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, and several <a href="/wiki/US_state_capitals" class="mw-redirect" title="US state capitals">US state capitals</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Societal_collapse" title="Societal collapse">decline</a> of a dynasty or culture could also mean the extinction of its capital city, as occurred at Babylon<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Cahokia" title="Cahokia">Cahokia</a>. "Political nomadism" was practiced in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Near_East" title="Ancient Near East">ancient Near East</a> to increase ties between the ruler and the subjects.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although many capitals are defined by constitution or legislation, many long-time capitals have no such legal designation, including <a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a>. They are recognized as capitals as a matter of convention, and because all or almost all the country's central political institutions, such as government departments, supreme court, legislature, embassies, etc., are located in or near them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_capitals">Modern capitals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Modern capitals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palace_of_Westminster_from_the_dome_on_Methodist_Central_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Palace_of_Westminster_from_the_dome_on_Methodist_Central_Hall.jpg/220px-Palace_of_Westminster_from_the_dome_on_Methodist_Central_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Palace_of_Westminster_from_the_dome_on_Methodist_Central_Hall.jpg/330px-Palace_of_Westminster_from_the_dome_on_Methodist_Central_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Palace_of_Westminster_from_the_dome_on_Methodist_Central_Hall.jpg/440px-Palace_of_Westminster_from_the_dome_on_Methodist_Central_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7888" data-file-height="5259" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, and the largest <a href="/wiki/London_metropolitan_area" title="London metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques,_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg/220px-La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg/330px-La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg/440px-La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="2870" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and the largest metropolitan area in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral_and_the_Red_Square.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral_and_the_Red_Square.jpg/220px-Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral_and_the_Red_Square.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral_and_the_Red_Square.jpg/330px-Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral_and_the_Red_Square.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral_and_the_Red_Square.jpg/440px-Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral_and_the_Red_Square.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2499" data-file-height="1406" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, and the former capital of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Many modern capital cities are located near the centre of the country, so that they are more accessible to its population and have better protection from possible invasions. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference selfref">(See also <a href="#Capitals_in_military_strategy">§ Capitals in military strategy</a>)</span> The location may also be based on a compromise between two or more cities or other political divisions, historical reasons, or enough land was needed to deliberately build a new <a href="/wiki/Planned_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Planned city">planned city</a> for the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of national capitals are also the largest city in their respective countries. Modern examples are <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Counties of the United Kingdom">Counties</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> have historic county towns, which are often not the largest settlement within the county and often are no longer administrative centres, as many historical counties are now only ceremonial, and administrative boundaries are different. The number of new capitals in the world increased substantially since the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> period, especially with the founding of independent nation-states since the eighteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, there is a <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">federal capital</a>, while the ten <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Canada">provinces</a> and three <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_Canada#Territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Territories of Canada">territories</a> each have capital cities. The states of such countries as <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> (including the famous cities of <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, capitals of their respective states), and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> also each have capital cities. For example, the six state capitals of Australia are <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perth" title="Perth">Perth</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>. In Australia, the term "capital cities" is regularly used to refer to those six state capitals plus the federal capital <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a>, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a>. <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a> is the capital city of the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Abu_Dhabi" title="Emirate of Abu Dhabi">Emirate of Abu Dhabi</a> and also of the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> overall. </p><p>In unitary states which consist of multiple constituent nations, such as the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Denmark">Kingdom of Denmark</a>, each will usually have its own capital city. Unlike in <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federations</a>, there is usually not a separate national capital, but rather the capital city of one constituent nation will also be the capital of the state overall, such as <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, which is the capital of <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> and of the United Kingdom. Similarly, each of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">autonomous communities of Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions of Italy</a> has a capital city, such as <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> is the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Madrid" title="Community of Madrid">Community of Madrid</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Spain">Kingdom of Spain</a> as a whole and <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> is the capital of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and of the region of <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Federal Republic of Germany</a>, each of its constituent <a href="/wiki/Federated_state" title="Federated state">states</a> (or <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany"><i>Länder</i></a>, plural of <i>Land</i>) has its own capital city, such as <a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, as do all of the republics of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>. The national capitals of Germany and Russia (the <a href="/wiki/City-state#Non-sovereign_city-states" title="City-state">Stadtstaat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">federal city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>) are also constituent states of both countries in their own right. Each of the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Austria">states of Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">cantons of Switzerland</a> also have their own capital cities. <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, the national capital of <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, is also one of the states, while <a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a> is the (<i>de facto</i>) capital of both <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Bern" title="Canton of Bern">Canton of Bern</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planned_capitals">Planned capitals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Planned capitals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:L%27Enfant_plan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/L%27Enfant_plan.svg/220px-L%27Enfant_plan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/L%27Enfant_plan.svg/330px-L%27Enfant_plan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/L%27Enfant_plan.svg/440px-L%27Enfant_plan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3822" data-file-height="3093" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/L%27Enfant_Plan" title="L'Enfant Plan">L'Enfant Plan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Governing entities sometimes plan, design and build new capital cities to house the seat of government of a <a href="/wiki/Polity" title="Polity">polity</a> or of a subdivision. Deliberately <a href="/wiki/List_of_purpose-built_national_capitals" title="List of purpose-built national capitals">planned and designed capitals</a> include: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuja" title="Abuja">Abuja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aracaju" title="Aracaju">Aracaju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sergipe" title="Sergipe">Sergipe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> (1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a> (1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmopan" title="Belmopan">Belmopan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belo_Horizonte" title="Belo Horizonte">Belo Horizonte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minas_Gerais" title="Minas Gerais">Minas Gerais</a>, Brazil (1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a>, Brazil (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneswar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>, India (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a> (1786)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> (330)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, US (1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaborone" title="Gaborone">Gaborone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhinagar" title="Gandhinagar">Gandhinagar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, India (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goi%C3%A2nia" title="Goiânia">Goiânia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goi%C3%A1s" title="Goiás">Goiás</a>, Brazil (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huambo" title="Huambo">Huambo</a> (Nova Lisboa), <a href="/wiki/Huambo" title="Huambo">Huambo</a>, Angola (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, US (1825)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, US (1821)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Plata" title="La Plata">La Plata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Province" title="Buenos Aires Province">Buenos Aires Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naya_Raipur" class="mw-redirect" title="Naya Raipur">Nava Raipur</a> or <a href="/wiki/Atal_Nagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Atal Nagar">Atal Nagar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a>, India (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nusantara_(proposed_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nusantara (proposed city)">Nusantara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, US (1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmas,_Tocantins" title="Palmas, Tocantins">Palmas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tocantins" title="Tocantins">Tocantins</a>, Brazil (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putrajaya" title="Putrajaya">Putrajaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> (1948–76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, US (1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, Korea (1394)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smederevo" title="Smederevo">Smederevo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a> (1428–1459)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soltaniyeh" title="Soltaniyeh">Soltaniyeh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> (1306–1335)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresina" title="Teresina">Teresina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piau%C3%AD" title="Piauí">Piauí</a>, Brazil (1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> (1571)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, US (1800)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongxing_New_Village" title="Zhongxing New Village">Zhongxing New Village</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nantou_County" title="Nantou County">Nantou County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province" title="Taiwan Province">Taiwan Province</a>, Rep. of China (1956)</li></ul></div> <p>These cities satisfy one or both of the following criteria: </p> <ol><li>A deliberately <a href="/wiki/Planned_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Planned city">planned city</a> that was built expressly to house the <a href="/wiki/Seat_of_government" title="Seat of government">seat of government</a>, superseding a capital city that was in an established <a href="/wiki/Center_of_population" title="Center of population">population center</a>. There have been various reasons for this, including overcrowding in that major metropolitan area, and the desire to place the capital city in a location with a better climate (usually a less tropical one).</li> <li>A town that was chosen as a compromise among two or more cities (or other political divisions), none of which was willing to concede to the other(s) the privilege of being the capital city. Usually, the new capital is geographically located roughly equidistant between the competing population centres.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compromise_locations">Compromise locations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Compromise locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parliamenthouse2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Parliamenthouse2.jpg/220px-Parliamenthouse2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Parliamenthouse2.jpg/330px-Parliamenthouse2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Parliamenthouse2.jpg/440px-Parliamenthouse2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="207" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Parliament">Australian Parliament</a> opened in the small town of <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a> in 1927 as a compromise between the largest cities, <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Some examples of the second situation (compromise locations) are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, Australia, chosen as a compromise location between Melbourne and Sydney.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, United States, founded as a compromise between more urbanized <a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern states</a> and agrarian <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a><a href="/wiki/Slave_states_and_free_states" title="Slave states and free states"> slave states</a> to share national power. The <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1790" title="Compromise of 1790">Compromise of 1790</a>, resulted in the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Residence_Act" title="Residence Act">Residence Act</a>, which approved the creation of a national capital on the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a> on land ceded from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Crew124_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crew124-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, midway between <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, Ontario, Canada, along the boundary between the two former colonies that formed the core of pre-<a href="/wiki/Canadian_Confederation" title="Canadian Confederation">Confederation</a> Canada—primarily English-speaking <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a> and primarily French-speaking <a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower Canada</a>. Today, this border separates the two most populous of Canada's ten modern provinces, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, chosen as the midpoint between <a href="/wiki/Pensacola,_Florida" title="Pensacola, Florida">Pensacola</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Augustine,_Florida" title="St. Augustine, Florida">St. Augustine</a>, Florida – then the two largest cities in Florida.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a> became the <a href="/wiki/Capital_of_New_Zealand" title="Capital of New Zealand">capital city of New Zealand</a> in 1865. It lies at the southern tip of the <a href="/wiki/North_Island" title="North Island">North Island</a> of New Zealand, the smaller of New Zealand's two main islands (which subsequently became the more populous island)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> immediately across <a href="/wiki/Cook_Strait" title="Cook Strait">Cook Strait</a> from the <a href="/wiki/South_Island" title="South Island">South Island</a>. The previous capital, <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>, lies much further north in the North Island; the move followed a long argument for a more central location for parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managua" title="Managua">Managua</a>, Nicaragua, chosen to appease rivals in <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_(Nicaragua)" class="mw-redirect" title="León (Nicaragua)">León</a> and <a href="/wiki/Granada_(Nicaragua)" class="mw-redirect" title="Granada (Nicaragua)">Granada</a>, which also were associated with the liberal and conservative political factions respectively</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> was selected as the state capital in 1821, the year after Missouri was admitted to the Union, due to its central location within the state. It is almost halfway between Missouri's two largest cities, <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City</a> in the west and <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a> in the east, although Kansas City was not incorporated until 1850.</li></ul> <p>Changes in a nation's political regime sometimes result in the designation of a new capital. <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Akmola</a> (renamed Astana in 1998) became the capital of <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> in 1997, following the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">collapse of the Soviet Union</a> in 1991. <a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a> was founded in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Burma</a>'s interior as the former capital, <a href="/wiki/Rangoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rangoon">Rangoon</a>, was claimed to be overcrowded.<sup id="cite_ref-pedrosa_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pedrosa-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unusual_capital_city_arrangements">Unusual capital city arrangements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Unusual capital city arrangements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_multiple_capitals" title="List of countries with multiple capitals">List of countries with multiple capitals</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesgericht-VD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bundesgericht-VD.jpg/220px-Bundesgericht-VD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bundesgericht-VD.jpg/330px-Bundesgericht-VD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bundesgericht-VD.jpg/440px-Bundesgericht-VD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="880" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Switzerland">Supreme Court</a>, the seat of <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>'s judiciary, is in <a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a>, although the executive and legislature are located in <a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parliament_House_Singapore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Parliament_House_Singapore.jpg/220px-Parliament_House_Singapore.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Parliament_House_Singapore.jpg/330px-Parliament_House_Singapore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Parliament_House_Singapore.jpg/440px-Parliament_House_Singapore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Singapore" title="Parliament House, Singapore">Parliament House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>; as a <a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">city-state</a>, Singapore requires no specific capital.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5,_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Blue_Palace" title="Blue Palace">Blue Palace</a>, the official residence of <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>'s president, is in <a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a>, although the executive and legislature are located in <a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A few nation-states have multiple capitals, and there are also several states that have no capital. Some have a city as the capital but with most government agencies elsewhere. </p><p>There is also a <a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">ghost town</a> which is currently the <i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i> capital of a territory: <a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Montserrat" title="Plymouth, Montserrat">Plymouth</a> in <a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>: <a href="/wiki/Belmopan" title="Belmopan">Belmopan</a> was designated the national capital of the then <a href="/wiki/British_Honduras" title="British Honduras">British Honduras</a> in 1971, but most government offices and embassies are still located in <a href="/wiki/Belize_City" title="Belize City">Belize City</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>): Until 1927, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canary_Islands" title="Province of Canary Islands">Province of Canarias</a> was <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>. When the Canary Islands became an autonomous community in 1982, Santa Cruz de Tenerife and <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> were both given capital status.<sup id="cite_ref-repetida_3_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-repetida_3-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-repetida_1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-repetida_1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is currently a balance of institutions between the two capitals; the Canary Islands is the only autonomous community in Spain which has two capitals.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>: <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a> is the capital even though the <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Chile" title="National Congress of Chile">National Congress of Chile</a> meets in <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Estonia" title="Supreme Court of Estonia">Supreme Court</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_and_Research_(Estonia)" title="Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia)">Ministry of Education and Research</a> are located in <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>: The French constitution does not recognize any capital city in France. By law<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> is the seat of both houses of Parliament (the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(France)" title="National Assembly (France)">National Assembly</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Senate_(France)" title="Senate (France)">Senate</a>), but their joint congresses are held at the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a>. In case of emergency, the seat of the constitutional powers can be transferred to another town, in order for the Houses of Parliament to sit in the same location as the <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of France">Cabinet</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>: The official capital <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> is home to the parliament and the highest bodies of the executive branch (consisting of the ceremonial <a href="/wiki/President_of_Germany" title="President of Germany">presidency</a> and effective <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">chancellery</a>). Various ministries are located in the former <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West German</a> capital of <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>, which now has the title "<a href="/wiki/Federal_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal City">Federal City</a>". The <a href="/wiki/Federal_Constitutional_Court_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Constitutional Court of Germany">Federal Constitutional Court</a> has its seat in <a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe" title="Karlsruhe">Karlsruhe</a> which, as a consequence, is sometimes called Germany's "judicial capital"; none of Germany's highest judicial organs are located in Berlin. Various German government agencies are located in other parts of Germany.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a> is the <i>de jure</i> capital of the state until 2024, while <a href="/wiki/Amaravati" title="Amaravati">Amaravati</a> is the <i>de facto</i> seat of government since 2014. The Governor of Andhra Pradesh has his official residence in <a href="/wiki/Vijayawada" title="Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a>: <a href="/wiki/Raipur" title="Raipur">Raipur</a> is the administrative and legislative capital, while the high court (judiciary capital) is located in <a href="/wiki/Bilaspur,_Chhattisgarh" title="Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh">Bilaspur</a>. The proposed future capital is <a href="/wiki/Naya_Raipur" class="mw-redirect" title="Naya Raipur">Nava Raipur</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">Jammu and Kashmir</a>: <a href="/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a> serves as the summer capital of the state while <a href="/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a> is the winter capital. Every six months, the entire state machinery <a href="/wiki/Darbar_Move" title="Darbar Move">shifts</a> from one city to another.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a> is the administrative and legislative capital of the state, while the high court is located in <a href="/wiki/Ernakulam" title="Ernakulam">Ernakulam</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shimla" title="Shimla">Shimla</a> is the primary capital city. <a href="/wiki/Dharamshala" title="Dharamshala">Dharamshala</a>, which is also the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Central Tibetan Administration</a>, is the second winter capital of the state.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bhopal" title="Bhopal">Bhopal</a> is the administrative and legislative capital of the state, while the high court is located in <a href="/wiki/Jabalpur" title="Jabalpur">Jabalpur</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>: Both states share <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a> as their capital city. The city itself is administered as a <a href="/wiki/Union_territory" title="Union territory">Union territory</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneswar</a> is the administrative and legislative capital of the state, while the high court is located in <a href="/wiki/Cuttack" title="Cuttack">Cuttack</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jaipur" title="Jaipur">Jaipur</a> is the administrative and legislative capital of the state, while the high court is located in <a href="/wiki/Jodhpur" title="Jodhpur">Jodhpur</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a> is the administrative and legislative capital, while the high court is located in <a href="/wiki/Nainital" title="Nainital">Nainital</a>. The proposed future capital is <a href="/wiki/Gairsain" title="Gairsain">Gairsain</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladakh" title="Ladakh">Ladakh</a>: <a href="/wiki/Leh" title="Leh">Leh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kargil_district" title="Kargil district">Kargil</a> serve as joint capitals of the Union Territory.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>: <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> remains as the capital and seat of the government's branches, but many government agencies have moved to <a href="/wiki/Sejong_City" title="Sejong City">Sejong City</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Malaysia" title="Constitution of Malaysia">constitutional</a> capital, home of the <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">King</a>, and seat of <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Malaysia" title="Parliament of Malaysia">Parliament</a>, but the federal administrative centre and judiciary have been moved 30 kilometres (19 mi) south to <a href="/wiki/Putrajaya" title="Putrajaya">Putrajaya</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> are <a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">city-states</a>, and thus do not contain any distinct capital city as a whole. However, in Singapore's case, the main judiciary and legislative offices are located in the <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Core" title="Downtown Core">Downtown Core</a>. Similarly, while <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Hong_Kong" title="Victoria, Hong Kong">Victoria</a> was the capital of colonial Hong Kong, the heart of old Victoria, now known as <a href="/wiki/Central,_Hong_Kong" title="Central, Hong Kong">Central</a>, serves as the seat of government offices today. Vatican City, however, is the <a href="/wiki/Holy_city" title="Holy city">religious centre</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a> and houses the offices and departments of <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> which serves as the government of both the city-state and worldwide Catholic Church.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>: The official capital <a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a> is home to the parliament and the executive, but the seat of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Montenegro" title="President of Montenegro">presidency</a> is in the former royal capital of <a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a>): <a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a> was designated the national capital in 2005, the same year it was founded, but most government offices and embassies are still located in <a href="/wiki/Yangon" title="Yangon">Yangon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rangoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rangoon">Rangoon</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a>: Nauru, a <a href="/wiki/Microstate" title="Microstate">microstate</a> of only 21 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi), has no distinct capital city, but has a capital district instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>: <ul><li>National capital: Presidential Decree No. 940, issued on 24 June 1976, designates the whole of <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">National Capital Region</a> (NCR) or Metro Manila as the seat of government, with the <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">City of Manila</a> as the country's capital.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some national government institutions and agencies are located within the Manila capital city, while others are scattered on other parts of the metropolitan area. The presidential palace (<a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a>, serving as the seat of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a> are located within the capital city while the two houses of Congress are located outside the capital Manila but within the metropolis of the same name.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a>: <a href="/wiki/Imus" title="Imus">Imus</a> is designated as the provincial capital, while government offices are in <a href="/wiki/Trece_Martires" title="Trece Martires">Trece Martires</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>: <ul><li>National capital: the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Portugal" title="Constitution of Portugal">Portuguese constitution</a> has no reference to a capital. Although <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a> is home to the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Parliament</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President</a>'s and the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister</a>'s official residences, all the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Government">Government</a>'s departments, all the <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Portugal" title="List of diplomatic missions in Portugal">embassies</a> and the highest courts, no Portuguese official document states that Lisbon is the national capital.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>: since the establishment of local autonomy in 1976, the Azores has three designated regional capital cities: <a href="/wiki/Ponta_Delgada" title="Ponta Delgada">Ponta Delgada</a> at <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Miguel_Island" title="São Miguel Island">São Miguel Island</a> (seat of the <a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_Government_of_the_Azores" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidents of the Government of the Azores">Autonomous Government</a>); <a href="/wiki/Horta,_Azores" title="Horta, Azores">Horta</a> at <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial Island</a> (seat of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_the_Azores" title="Legislative Assembly of the Azores">Legislative Assembly</a>); and <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra do Heroísmo</a> at <a href="/wiki/Terceira_Island" title="Terceira Island">Terceira Island</a> (seat of the judiciary and the historical capital of the Azores, in addition to being the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Angra" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Angra">Roman Catholic Diocese of Angra</a>).</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sri_Jayawardenepura_Kotte" title="Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte">Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte</a> is designated the administrative capital and the location of the parliament, while the former capital, <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>, is now designated as the "commercial capital".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, many government offices are still located in Colombo. Both cities are in the <a href="/wiki/Colombo_District" title="Colombo District">Colombo District</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>: The administrative capital is <a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a>, the legislative capital is <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, and the judicial capital is <a href="/wiki/Bloemfontein" title="Bloemfontein">Bloemfontein</a>. This is the outcome of the compromise that created the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">Union of South Africa</a> in 1910. Despite Bloemfontein's status as the judicial capital, the country's highest court, the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_South_Africa" title="Constitutional Court of South Africa">Constitutional Court of South Africa</a>, sits in its largest city, <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a> is the <i><a href="/wiki/Federal_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal City">Federal City</a></i> of Switzerland and functions as <i>de facto</i> capital. However, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Supreme_Court_of_Switzerland" title="Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland">Swiss Supreme Court</a> is located in <a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a> which is also the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">Olympic Capital</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Zürich">Canton of Zürich</a>: <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> is the <i>de facto</i> capital of the canton, but the cantonal constitution makes no mention of a capital city.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dodoma" title="Dodoma">Dodoma</a> was designated the national capital in 1996, but some of the government offices and almost all embassies are still located in <a href="/wiki/Dar_es_Salaam" title="Dar es Salaam">Dar es Salaam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>: The state executive and legislative branches and most government agencies are based in <a href="/wiki/Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacramento">Sacramento</a> but the <a href="/wiki/California_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="California Supreme Court">California Supreme Court</a> is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> with secondary meeting places in Sacramento and <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>: <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield</a> has the seats of the branches of state government and serves as the official state capital. However various Illinois government officials primarily reside in or are primarily active in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-INN_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INN-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gauen_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gauen-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (see: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Illinois#Capital_city" title="Government of Illinois">Government of Illinois § Capital city</a> for a further explanation)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>: The state executive and legislative branches and most government agencies are based in <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Supreme_Court" title="Louisiana Supreme Court">Louisiana Supreme Court</a> is located in <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>: The state capital and government are headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a>, but many officials are mostly active in or live in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>: The state capital is <a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg</a> but each one of the state Supreme Court and its two appellate courts holds hearings in the three cities of Harrisburg, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>. Also, most statewide elected officials and officers who are based in Southeast Pennsylvania (City of Philadelphia, <a href="/wiki/Bucks_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Bucks County, Pennsylvania">Bucks County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Montgomery County, Pennsylvania">Montgomery County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delaware_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Delaware County, Pennsylvania">Delaware County</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chester_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Chester County, Pennsylvania">Chester County</a>) prefer working mostly in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Capitals_that_are_not_the_seat_of_government">Capitals that are not the seat of government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Capitals that are not the seat of government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are several countries where, for various reasons, the official capital and <a href="/wiki/Seat_of_government" title="Seat of government">seat of government</a> are separated: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a>: <a href="/wiki/Porto-Novo" title="Porto-Novo">Porto-Novo</a> is the official capital, but <a href="/wiki/Cotonou" title="Cotonou">Cotonou</a> is the seat of government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sucre,_Bolivia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sucre, Bolivia">Sucre</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bolivia" title="Constitution of Bolivia">constitutional</a> capital, and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Tribunal_of_Justice_(Bolivia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Tribunal of Justice (Bolivia)">supreme tribunal of justice</a> is located in Sucre, making it the judicial capital. The <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Palacio_Quemado" title="Palacio Quemado">Palacio Quemado</a></i></span>, the <a href="/wiki/Plurinational_Legislative_Assembly" title="Plurinational Legislative Assembly">national congress</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plurinational_Electoral_Organ" title="Plurinational Electoral Organ">national electoral court</a> are located in <a href="/wiki/La_Paz" title="La Paz">La Paz</a>, making it the seat of government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a>: <a href="/wiki/Yamoussoukro" title="Yamoussoukro">Yamoussoukro</a> was designated the national capital in 1983, but most government offices and embassies are still located in <a href="/wiki/Abidjan" title="Abidjan">Abidjan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>: <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> is the constitutional national capital even though the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Netherlands" title="Cabinet of the Netherlands">Dutch government</a>, the <a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">parliament</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hoge_Raad_der_Nederlanden" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoge Raad der Nederlanden">supreme court</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of State of the Netherlands">Council of State</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Noordeinde_Palace" title="Noordeinde Palace">work palace</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Willem-Alexander_of_the_Netherlands" title="Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands">King</a> are all located in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, as are all the <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of diplomatic missions in the Netherlands">embassies</a>. (<i>For more details see: <a href="/wiki/Capital_of_the_Netherlands" title="Capital of the Netherlands">Capital of the Netherlands</a></i>.)</li></ul> <p>Some historical examples of similar arrangements, where the recognized capital was not the official seat of government: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">Kingdom of England</a>: The traditional capital was the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a>, outside of the boundaries of the City of London, was the seat of government. They are both today part of the urban core of <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a>: The traditional capital was <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, though from 1682 to 1789 the seat of government was at the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a>, located in a rural area southwest of Paris.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disputed_capitals">Disputed capitals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Disputed capitals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a>, "the last divided capital",<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is divided in two by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Buffer_Zone_in_Cyprus" title="United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus">United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus</a> (Green Line). Both the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Cyprus">Republic of Cyprus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has <i>de facto</i> control of the south, and the largely unrecognized <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus">Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has <i>de facto</i> control of <a href="/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a>, claim the entire city as their capital.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a>: Both the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Israel">Government of Israel</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority">Palestinian Authority</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> claim <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> as their capital. Jerusalem serves as Israel's capital, with the presidential residence, government offices, supreme court and parliament (<a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a>) located there, while the Palestinian Authority has no <i>de facto</i> or <i>de jure</i> control over any of Jerusalem. Many countries, with the notable exception of the United States, which recognizes Jerusalem as the capital of Israel,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> take <a href="/wiki/Status_of_Jerusalem" title="Status of Jerusalem">the position that the final status of Jerusalem</a> is unsettled pending future <a href="/wiki/Israeli-Palestinian_negotiations" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli-Palestinian negotiations">negotiations</a>. Most countries maintain their <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Israel" title="List of diplomatic missions in Israel">diplomatic missions to Israel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, while <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Palestine" title="List of diplomatic missions in Palestine">diplomatic missions to Palestine</a> are in various places such as <a href="/wiki/Ramallah" title="Ramallah">Ramallah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Capital_as_symbol">Capital as symbol<span class="anchor" id="capital_as_symbol"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Capital as symbol"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Mariehamn,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg/220px-View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg/330px-View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg/440px-View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1109" data-file-height="611" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mariehamn" title="Mariehamn">Mariehamn</a>, capital city of <a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Demilitarized" class="mw-redirect" title="Demilitarized">demilitarized</a> archipelago with <a href="/wiki/Self-governance" title="Self-governance">self-governance</a></figcaption></figure> <p>With the rise of the modern <a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">nation-state</a>, the capital city has become a <a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">symbol</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">state</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a>, and imbued with political meaning. Unlike <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> capitals, which were declared wherever a <a href="/wiki/Monarch" title="Monarch">monarch</a> held his or her court, the selection, relocation, founding, or capture of a modern capital city is a highly symbolic event. For example: </p> <ul><li>The ruined and almost uninhabited <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> was made capital of <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of Greece">newly independent</a> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> in 1834, four years after the country gained its independence, with the <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">romantic</a> notion of reviving the glory of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, following the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> once again became the capital of Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other restored capital cities include <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> after the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a>.</li> <li>A symbolic relocation of a capital city to a geographically or demographically peripheral location may be for either <a href="/wiki/Economic_geography" title="Economic geography">economic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Military_geography" title="Military geography">strategic</a> reasons (sometimes known as a <b>forward capital</b> or spearhead capital). <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a> moved his government from <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> to give the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> a <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> orientation.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The economically significant city of <a href="/wiki/Nafplion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nafplion">Nafplion</a> became the first capital of <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, when Athens was an unimportant village.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming</a> emperors moved their capital to <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> from the more central <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> to help supervise the border with the Mongols. During the 1857 rebellion, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian rebels</a> considered <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> their capital, and <a href="/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar" title="Bahadur Shah Zafar">Bahadur Shah Zafar</a> was proclaimed emperor, but the ruling <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British</a> had their capital in <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Calcutta</a>. In 1877, the British formally held a '<a href="/wiki/Delhi_Durbar" title="Delhi Durbar">Durbar</a>' in Delhi, proclaiming <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> as '<a href="/wiki/Empress_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress of India">Empress of India</a>'. Delhi finally became the colonial capital after the <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Durbar" title="Delhi Durbar">Coronation Durbar</a> of King-Emperor <a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a> in 1911, continuing as independent India's capital from 1947. Other examples include <a href="/wiki/Abuja" title="Abuja">Abuja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yamoussoukro" title="Yamoussoukro">Yamoussoukro</a>.</li> <li>The selection or founding of a "neutral" capital city, one unencumbered by regional or political identities, was meant to represent the unity of a new state when <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington</a> became capital cities. Sometimes, the location of a new capital city was chosen to terminate actual or potential squabbling between various entities, such as in the cases of Brasília, Canberra, Ottawa, Washington, Wellington and <a href="/wiki/Managua" title="Managua">Managua</a>.</li> <li>The British-built town of <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> represented a simultaneous break and continuity with the past, the location of Delhi being where many imperial capitals were built (Indraprastha, Dhillika, and Shahjahanabad) but the actual capital being the new British-built town designed by <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Lutyens" title="Edwin Lutyens">Edwin Lutyens</a>. Wellington, on the southwestern tip of the <a href="/wiki/North_Island" title="North Island">North Island</a> of New Zealand, replaced the much more northerly city of <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a> to place the national capital close to the <a href="/wiki/South_Island" title="South Island">South Island</a> and hence to placate its residents, many of whom had sympathies with separatism.</li> <li>During the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, tremendous resources were expended to defend Washington, D.C., which bordered on the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a> (with the <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Commonwealth of Virginia</a>), from Confederate attack even though the relatively small federal government could easily have been moved elsewhere. Likewise, great resources were expended by the Confederacy in defending the Confederate capital from attack by the Union, in its exposed location of <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a>, Virginia, barely 100 miles (160 km) south of Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Two national capitals refer to another sovereign state. The name of <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, is thought to be derived from <i>Taani linn</i>, originally meaning "Danish Castle" and now "Danish Town" in <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>, named after the <a href="/wiki/Toompea_Castle" title="Toompea Castle">Toompea Castle</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> controlled in 1219–1227, 1238–1332 and in 1340–1346.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Spain" title="Port of Spain">Port of Spain</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a>, was named so in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> by the first settlers from <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> in the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <a href="/wiki/List_of_national_capital_city_name_etymologies" title="List of national capital city name etymologies">List of national capital city name etymologies</a> for more.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Capitals_in_military_strategy">Capitals in military strategy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Capitals in military strategy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fall-of-constantinople-22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Fall-of-constantinople-22.jpg/220px-Fall-of-constantinople-22.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Fall-of-constantinople-22.jpg/330px-Fall-of-constantinople-22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Fall-of-constantinople-22.jpg/440px-Fall-of-constantinople-22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1595" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>, was the final part of the empire to fall to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turks" title="Ottoman Turks">Ottoman Turks</a> due to its strong defences.</figcaption></figure> <p>The capital city is usually but not always a primary target in a war, as capturing it usually guarantees capture of much of the enemy government, victory for the attacking forces, or at the very least demoralization for the defeated forces. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient China">ancient China</a>, where governments were massive centralized bureaucracies with little flexibility on the provincial level, a <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Dynasties" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Dynasties">dynasty</a> could easily be toppled with the fall of its capital. In the <a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a> period, both <a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Shu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Wu" title="Eastern Wu">Wu</a> fell when their respective capitals of <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jianye_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jianye District">Jianye</a> fell. The <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> relocated its capital from <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> to <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, where they could more effectively control the generals and troops guarding the borders from <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchus">Manchus</a>. The Ming was destroyed when <a href="/wiki/Li_Zicheng" title="Li Zicheng">Li Zicheng</a> took their seat of power, and this pattern repeats itself in Chinese history, until the fall of the traditional <a href="/wiki/Confucian" class="mw-redirect" title="Confucian">Confucian</a> monarchy in the 20th century. After the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>'s collapse, decentralization of authority and improved transportation and communication technologies allowed both the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Nationalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Nationalists">Chinese Nationalists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communists" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Communists">Chinese Communists</a> to rapidly relocate capitals and keep their leadership structures intact during the great crisis of <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Japanese invasion</a>. </p><p>National capitals were arguably less important as military objectives in other parts of the world, including the West, because of socioeconomic trends toward localized authority, a strategic modus operandi especially popular after the development of <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudalism</a> and reaffirmed by the development of democratic and capitalistic philosophies. In 1204, after the Latin <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Crusaders</a> captured the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> capital, <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, Byzantine forces were able to regroup in several provinces; provincial noblemen managed to reconquer the capital after 60 years and preserve the empire for another 200 years after that. The <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British</a> forces sacked various <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> capitals repeatedly during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a> and <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, but American forces could still carry on fighting from the countryside, where they enjoyed support from local governments and the traditionally independent civilian frontiersmen. Exceptions to these generalizations include highly centralized states such as <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, whose centralized bureaucracies could effectively coordinate far-flung resources, giving the state a powerful advantage over less coherent rivals, but risking utter ruin if the capital were taken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_region" title="Capital region">Capital region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_capitals" title="Lists of capitals">Lists of capitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_whose_capital_is_not_their_largest_city" title="List of countries whose capital is not their largest city">List of countries whose capital is not their largest city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_multiple_capitals" title="List of countries with multiple capitals">List of countries with multiple capitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_city" title="Primate city">Primate city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temporary_capital" title="Temporary capital">Temporary capital</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Daum" title="Andreas Daum">Andreas Daum</a>, "Capitals in Modern History: Inventing Urban Spaces for the Nation", in <i>Berlin – Washington, 1800–2000: Capital Cities, Cultural Representation, and National Identities</i>, ed. Andreas Daum and Christof Mauch. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp. 3–28.</li> <li><i>Capital Cities: International Perspectives – Les capitales: Perspectives internationales</i>, ed. John Taylor, Jean G. Lengellé and Caroline Andrew. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1993, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-8496-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-8496-9">978-0-7735-8496-9</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPantherThornburgBarcelona2009" class="citation book cs1">Panther, Klaus-Uwe; Thornburg, Linda L.; Barcelona, Antonio (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=94hH2u4rQVUC&pg=PA230"><i>Metonymy and Metaphor in Grammar</i></a>. John Benjamins Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-272-2379-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-272-2379-1"><bdi>978-90-272-2379-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230403180244/https://books.google.com/books?id=94hH2u4rQVUC&pg=PA230">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Metonymy+and+Metaphor+in+Grammar&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-90-272-2379-1&rft.aulast=Panther&rft.aufirst=Klaus-Uwe&rft.au=Thornburg%2C+Linda+L.&rft.au=Barcelona%2C+Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D94hH2u4rQVUC%26pg%3DPA230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/capital">"Definition of CAPITAL"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+CAPITAL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fcapital&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOvidius_Naso2003" class="citation book cs1">Ovidius Naso, Publius (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qnZIGZV5kRgC"><i>Amores</i></a>. Translated by Bishop, Tom. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0415967414" title="Special:BookSources/0415967414"><bdi>0415967414</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amores&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0415967414&rft.aulast=Ovidius+Naso&rft.aufirst=Publius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqnZIGZV5kRgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeretta2017" class="citation book cs1">Beretta, Silvio (2017). <i>Understanding China Today: An Exploration of Politics, Economics, Society, and International Relations</i>. Springer. p. 320. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319296258" title="Special:BookSources/9783319296258"><bdi>9783319296258</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+China+Today%3A+An+Exploration+of+Politics%2C+Economics%2C+Society%2C+and+International+Relations&rft.pages=320&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9783319296258&rft.aulast=Beretta&rft.aufirst=Silvio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFB._Bahr2009" class="citation book cs1">B. Bahr, Ann Marie (2009). <i>Christianity: Religions of the World</i>. Infobase Publishing. p. 139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438106397" title="Special:BookSources/9781438106397"><bdi>9781438106397</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianity%3A+Religions+of+the+World&rft.pages=139&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781438106397&rft.aulast=B.+Bahr&rft.aufirst=Ann+Marie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._D'Agostino2005" class="citation book cs1">R. D'Agostino, Peter (2005). <i>Rome in America: Transnational Catholic Ideology from the Risorgimento to Fascism</i>. Univ of North Carolina Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807863411" title="Special:BookSources/9780807863411"><bdi>9780807863411</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rome+in+America%3A+Transnational+Catholic+Ideology+from+the+Risorgimento+to+Fascism&rft.pub=Univ+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780807863411&rft.aulast=R.+D%27Agostino&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kinooze.com/what-does-a-capital-city-mean/">"What does a Capital City Mean?"</a>. 5 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170531161615/http://kinooze.com/what-does-a-capital-city-mean/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+does+a+Capital+City+Mean%3F&rft.date=2012-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkinooze.com%2Fwhat-does-a-capital-city-mean%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/capital-city-relocation-1435389">"Where Next: The Reasons Why (Some) Countries Move Their Capitals"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010151019/https://www.thoughtco.com/capital-city-relocation-1435389">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Where+Next%3A+The+Reasons+Why+%28Some%29+Countries+Move+Their+Capitals&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fcapital-city-relocation-1435389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMakasConley2009" class="citation book cs1">Makas, Emily Gunzburger; Conley, Tanja Damljanovic (4 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M_aMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA22"><i>Capital Cities in the Aftermath of Empires: Planning in Central and Southeastern Europe</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135167257" title="Special:BookSources/9781135167257"><bdi>9781135167257</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010151840/https://books.google.com.au/books?id=M_aMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA22&lpg=PA22&dq=religious+centres+capital+cities&source=bl&ots=VEfFJF9hdI&sig=PtLmMxFTErkNm-Qor7fGibCfr6g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwirz6OC3rDUAhVIVbwKHWM_B_AQ6AEITTAL#v=onepage&q=religious+centres+capital+cities&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Capital+Cities+in+the+Aftermath+of+Empires%3A+Planning+in+Central+and+Southeastern+Europe&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2009-12-04&rft.isbn=9781135167257&rft.aulast=Makas&rft.aufirst=Emily+Gunzburger&rft.au=Conley%2C+Tanja+Damljanovic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM_aMAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Turku">"Turku, Finland – Britannica"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210711193234/https://www.britannica.com/place/Turku">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turku%2C+Finland+%E2%80%93+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FTurku&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeymour2014" class="citation book cs1">Seymour, Michael (29 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6Cl4BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA35"><i>Babylon: Legend, History and the Ancient City</i></a>. I.B.Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857736079" title="Special:BookSources/9780857736079"><bdi>9780857736079</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010153333/https://books.google.com.au/books?id=6Cl4BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA35&lpg=PA35&dq=extinction+babylon&source=bl&ots=hoHWZ95wMC&sig=Q12hEn29qFcbg6YrAtc84Xts-1g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjk05-P37DUAhWCgLwKHbIcBOsQ6AEILjAC#v=onepage&q=extinction+babylon&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Babylon%3A+Legend%2C+History+and+the+Ancient+City&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2014-08-29&rft.isbn=9780857736079&rft.aulast=Seymour&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6Cl4BwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBahadoriMiri2021" class="citation journal cs1">Bahadori, Ali; Miri, Negin (2021). "The So-called Achaemenid Capitals and the Problem of Royal Court Residence". <i>Iran</i>. <b>62</b>: 1–31. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F05786967.2021.1960881">10.1080/05786967.2021.1960881</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:238840732">238840732</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Iran&rft.atitle=The+So-called+Achaemenid+Capitals+and+the+Problem+of+Royal+Court+Residence&rft.volume=62&rft.pages=1-31&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F05786967.2021.1960881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A238840732%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Bahadori&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft.au=Miri%2C+Negin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-42258989">"Capital cities: How are they chosen and what do they represent?"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 6 December 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220323205410/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-42258989">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Capital+cities%3A+How+are+they+chosen+and+what+do+they+represent%3F&rft.date=2017-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-42258989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Berlin – Washington, 1800–2000: Capital Cities, Cultural Representation, and National Identities</i>, ed. <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Daum" title="Andreas Daum">Andreas Daum</a> and Christof Mauch. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84117-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84117-7">978-0-521-84117-7</a>, pp. 4–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crew124-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Crew124_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrewWebbWooldridge1892" class="citation book cs1">Crew, Harvey W.; Webb, William Bensing; Wooldridge, John (1892). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_5Q81AAAAIAAJ"><i>Centennial History of the City of Washington, D.C.</i></a> Dayton, OH: United Brethren Publishing House. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_5Q81AAAAIAAJ/page/n131">124</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Centennial+History+of+the+City+of+Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.place=Dayton%2C+OH&rft.pages=124&rft.pub=United+Brethren+Publishing+House&rft.date=1892&rft.aulast=Crew&rft.aufirst=Harvey+W.&rft.au=Webb%2C+William+Bensing&rft.au=Wooldridge%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_5Q81AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLintockJohn_Victor_Tuwhakahewa_BakerTaonga" class="citation web cs1">McLintock, Alexander Hare; John Victor Tuwhakahewa Baker, M. A.; Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161031204625/http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/population/page-5">"Geographical distribution of population"</a>. <i>An encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, 1966</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/population/page-5">the original</a> on 31 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=An+encyclopaedia+of+New+Zealand%2C+edited+by+A.+H.+McLintock%2C+1966.&rft.atitle=Geographical+distribution+of+population&rft.aulast=McLintock&rft.aufirst=Alexander+Hare&rft.au=John+Victor+Tuwhakahewa+Baker%2C+M.+A.&rft.au=Taonga%2C+New+Zealand+Ministry+for+Culture+and+Heritage+Te+Manatu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fteara.govt.nz%2Fen%2F1966%2Fpopulation%2Fpage-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevine2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Levine, Stephen (13 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/capital-city/page-3">"Capital city – A new capital"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Te_Ara:_The_Encyclopedia_of_New_Zealand" title="Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand">Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150505170521/http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/capital-city/page-3">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Capital+city+%E2%80%93+A+new+capital&rft.btitle=Te+Ara%3A+The+Encyclopedia+of+New+Zealand&rft.date=2012-07-13&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teara.govt.nz%2Fen%2Fcapital-city%2Fpage-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pedrosa-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pedrosa_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPedrosa2006" class="citation news cs1">Pedrosa, Veronica (20 November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061123141200/http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/80733C47-7F1C-45EB-BB8E-805DB15BFE67.htm">"Burma's 'seat of the kings'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Arabic" title="Al Jazeera Arabic">Al Jazeera</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/80733C47-7F1C-45EB-BB8E-805DB15BFE67.htm">the original</a> on 23 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Burma%27s+%27seat+of+the+kings%27&rft.date=2006-11-20&rft.aulast=Pedrosa&rft.aufirst=Veronica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2FNR%2Fexeres%2F80733C47-7F1C-45EB-BB8E-805DB15BFE67.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-repetida_3-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-repetida_3_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/s:es:Real_Decreto_de_30_de_noviembre_de_1833" class="extiw" title="m:s:es:Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833"><i>Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833</i></a> en wikisource</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-repetida_1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-repetida_1_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/tuestatuto./docs/1833-12-03%20Decreto%20de%20division%20provincial.pdf"><i>Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833</i></a> en el sitio web oficial del Gobierno de Canarias<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2017">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do;?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000705067">Ordonnance n° 58–1100 du 17 novembre 1958 relative au fonctionnement des assemblées parlementaires</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130430041323/http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do;?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000705067">Archived</a> 30 April 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> article 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno940.html">"Presidential Decree No. 940 : Philippine Laws, Statutes and Codes"</a>. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. 24 June 1976. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140906224944/http://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno940.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Presidential+Decree+No.+940+%3A+Philippine+Laws%2C+Statutes+and+Codes&rft.pub=Chan+Robles+Virtual+Law+Library&rft.date=1976-06-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chanrobles.com%2Fpresidentialdecrees%2Fpresidentialdecreeno940.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLimos2020" class="citation news cs1">Limos, Mario Alvaro (2 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/where-is-the-capital-of-cavite-a00293-20200702">"Where the Heck Is the Capital of Cavite?"</a>. <i>Esquire Philippines</i>. <a href="/wiki/Mandaluyong" title="Mandaluyong">Mandaluyong</a>: <a href="/wiki/Summit_Media" title="Summit Media">Summit Media</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Esquire+Philippines&rft.atitle=Where+the+Heck+Is+the+Capital+of+Cavite%3F&rft.date=2020-07-02&rft.aulast=Limos&rft.aufirst=Mario+Alvaro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esquiremag.ph%2Flong-reads%2Ffeatures%2Fwhere-is-the-capital-of-cavite-a00293-20200702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comunidadeslusofonas.pt/lisboa-nao-tem-documento-que-a-oficialize-como-capital-de-portugal/">"Lisboa não tem documento que a oficialize como capital de Portugal"</a>, <i>Comunidades Lusófonas</i> (in Portuguese), 13 April 2015, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201208042035/https://comunidadeslusofonas.pt/lisboa-nao-tem-documento-que-a-oficialize-como-capital-de-portugal/">archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comunidades+Lus%C3%B3fonas&rft.atitle=Lisboa+n%C3%A3o+tem+documento+que+a+oficialize+como+capital+de+Portugal&rft.date=2015-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcomunidadeslusofonas.pt%2Flisboa-nao-tem-documento-que-a-oficialize-como-capital-de-portugal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLansford2015" class="citation book cs1">Lansford, Tom (24 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yNGfBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT5793"><i>Political Handbook of the World 2015</i></a>. Singapore: CQ Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-7157-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-7157-3"><bdi>978-1-4833-7157-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170830152655/https://books.google.lk/books?id=yNGfBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT5793&dq=sri+lanka+commercial+capital+colombo+administrative+capital&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiV0aH2wv7VAhWIOo8KHcyVBmAQ6AEIPzAF#v=onepage&q=sri%20lanka%20commercial%20capital%20colombo%20administrative%20capital&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 30 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Handbook+of+the+World+2015&rft.place=Singapore&rft.pub=CQ+Press&rft.date=2015-03-24&rft.isbn=978-1-4833-7157-3&rft.aulast=Lansford&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyNGfBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT5793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoxall2008" class="citation book cs1">Boxall, Sheryl (2008). DeRouen, Karl; Bellamy, Paul (eds.). <i>International Security and the United States: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2</i>. Westport, Connecticut, US: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 728. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-99255-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-99255-2"><bdi>978-0-275-99255-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Security+and+the+United+States%3A+An+Encyclopedia%2C+Volume+2&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut%2C+US&rft.pages=728&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-275-99255-2&rft.aulast=Boxall&rft.aufirst=Sheryl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2006/14_fga/de">"Verfassung des Kantons Zürich"</a> [Constitution of the Canton of Zürich]. <i>admin.ch</i>. 16 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220528093007/https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2006/14_fga/de">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=admin.ch&rft.atitle=Verfassung+des+Kantons+Z%C3%BCrich&rft.date=2022-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fedlex.admin.ch%2Feli%2Fcc%2F2006%2F14_fga%2Fde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/">"Tanzania"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. 16 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210331130911/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Tanzania&rft.date=2021-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Ftanzania%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdetunji2023" class="citation web cs1">Adetunji, Jo (4 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/tanzania-has-moved-its-capital-from-dar-after-a-50-year-wait-but-is-dodoma-ready-206508">"Tanzania has moved its capital from Dar after a 50-year wait - but is Dodoma ready?"</a>. The Conversation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tanzania+has+moved+its+capital+from+Dar+after+a+50-year+wait+-+but+is+Dodoma+ready%3F&rft.pub=The+Conversation&rft.date=2023-06-04&rft.aulast=Adetunji&rft.aufirst=Jo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Ftanzania-has-moved-its-capital-from-dar-after-a-50-year-wait-but-is-dodoma-ready-206508&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INN-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-INN_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reeder, Scott. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilnews.org/2831/what-does-it-cost-taxpayers-to-pay-for-lawmakers-empty-springfield-residences/">What does it cost taxpayers to pay for lawmakers' empty Springfield residences?</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160617094836/http://ilnews.org/2831/what-does-it-cost-taxpayers-to-pay-for-lawmakers-empty-springfield-residences/">Archive</a>). <i>Illinois News Network</i>. 11 September 2014. Retrieved 26 May 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gauen-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gauen_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gauen, Pat. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/columns/pat-gauen/illinois-corruption-explained-the-capital-is-too-far-from-chicago/article_c38d21b7-0134-5124-b56f-3bc99a60c327.html">Illinois corruption explained: the capital is too far from Chicago</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160915191211/http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/columns/pat-gauen/illinois-corruption-explained-the-capital-is-too-far-from-chicago/article_c38d21b7-0134-5124-b56f-3bc99a60c327.html">Archive</a>). <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Post-Dispatch" title="St. Louis Post-Dispatch">St. Louis Post-Dispatch</a></i>. Retrieved 26 May 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/15/in-nicosia-cyprus-spirit-of-reconciliation-is-stirring">"In Nicosia, the world's last divided capital, a spirit of reconciliation is stirring across the fence"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>. 15 January 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210816183609/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/15/in-nicosia-cyprus-spirit-of-reconciliation-is-stirring">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=In+Nicosia%2C+the+world%27s+last+divided+capital%2C+a+spirit+of+reconciliation+is+stirring+across+the+fence&rft.date=2017-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fjan%2F15%2Fin-nicosia-cyprus-spirit-of-reconciliation-is-stirring&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nicosia.org.cy/en-GB/discover/nicosia/the-capital/">"Nicosia Municipality - Nicosia, capital of the Republic of Cyprus"</a>. <i>www.nicosia.org.cy</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709193607/https://www.nicosia.org.cy/en-GB/discover/nicosia/the-capital/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nicosia.org.cy&rft.atitle=Nicosia+Municipality+-+Nicosia%2C+capital+of+the+Republic+of+Cyprus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nicosia.org.cy%2Fen-GB%2Fdiscover%2Fnicosia%2Fthe-capital%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cypnet.co.uk/ncyprus/main/polsyst/constitution/">"The Constitution of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus"</a>. <i>www.cypnet.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110525163715/http://www.cypnet.co.uk/ncyprus/main/polsyst/constitution/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cypnet.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Constitution+of+the+Turkish+Republic+of+Northern+Cyprus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cypnet.co.uk%2Fncyprus%2Fmain%2Fpolsyst%2Fconstitution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Law" title="Jerusalem Law">Jerusalem Law</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.palestinianbasiclaw.org/basic-law/2003-amended-basic-law">2003 Basic Law of Palestine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160211183132/http://www.palestinianbasiclaw.org/basic-law/2003-amended-basic-law">Archived</a> 11 February 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Title One: Article 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandler2017" class="citation news cs1">Landler, Mark (6 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/06/world/middleeast/trump-jerusalem-israel-capital.html">"Trump Recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's Capital"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200617225602/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/06/world/middleeast/trump-jerusalem-israel-capital.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Recognizes+Jerusalem+as+Israel%27s+Capital&rft.date=2017-12-06&rft.aulast=Landler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F12%2F06%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Ftrump-jerusalem-israel-capital.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrysopoulos2018" class="citation web cs1">Chrysopoulos, Philip (18 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://greece.greekreporter.com/2018/09/18/september-18-1834-athens-becomes-the-capital-of-greece/">"September 18, 1834: Athens Becomes the Capital of Greece"</a>. <i>GreekReporter.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181221182448/https://greece.greekreporter.com/2018/09/18/september-18-1834-athens-becomes-the-capital-of-greece/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GreekReporter.com&rft.atitle=September+18%2C+1834%3A+Athens+Becomes+the+Capital+of+Greece&rft.date=2018-09-18&rft.aulast=Chrysopoulos&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgreece.greekreporter.com%2F2018%2F09%2F18%2Fseptember-18-1834-athens-becomes-the-capital-of-greece%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.introducingberlin.com/history-of-berlin">"History of Berlin – Past and present of Berlin"</a>. <i>introducingberlin.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181221182616/https://www.introducingberlin.com/history-of-berlin">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=introducingberlin.com&rft.atitle=History+of+Berlin+%E2%80%93+Past+and+present+of+Berlin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.introducingberlin.com%2Fhistory-of-berlin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityvision2000.com/history/peterthe.htm">"History of St. Petersburg, Russia: Peter the Great (short biography)"</a>. <i>cityvision2000.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190123135146/http://www.cityvision2000.com/history/peterthe.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cityvision2000.com&rft.atitle=History+of+St.+Petersburg%2C+Russia%3A+Peter+the+Great+%28short+biography%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityvision2000.com%2Fhistory%2Fpeterthe.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMikellides2001" class="citation journal cs1">Mikellides, Byron (1 June 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2Fpalgrave.udi.9000029">"The Creation of Modern Athens, Planning the Myth"</a>. <i>Urban Design International</i>. <b>6</b> (2): 119. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2Fpalgrave.udi.9000029">10.1057/palgrave.udi.9000029</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1468-4519">1468-4519</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Design+International&rft.atitle=The+Creation+of+Modern+Athens%2C+Planning+the+Myth&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=119&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2Fpalgrave.udi.9000029&rft.issn=1468-4519&rft.aulast=Mikellides&rft.aufirst=Byron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1057%252Fpalgrave.udi.9000029&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com/washington-capital-of-the-union.html">"Washington: Capital of the Union – Essential Civil War Curriculum"</a>. <i>essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190107124816/https://www.essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com/washington-capital-of-the-union.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com&rft.atitle=Washington%3A+Capital+of+the+Union+%E2%80%93+Essential+Civil+War+Curriculum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com%2Fwashington-capital-of-the-union.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapital+city" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eki.ee/dict/knr/index.cgi?Q=Tallinn&F=M&C06=en">Tallinn</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211005131416/https://www.eki.ee/dict/knr/index.cgi?Q=Tallinn&F=M&C06=en">Archived</a> 5 October 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>[KNR] Dictionary of Estonian Place names.</i> Retrieved 5 October 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-the-capital-of-trinidad-and-tobago.html">What Is The Capital Of Trinidad And Tobago?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211005131415/https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-the-capital-of-trinidad-and-tobago.html">Archived</a> 5 October 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>www.worldatlas.com</i> Retrieved 5 October 2021</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capital_city&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_administrative_division" title="Template:Types of administrative division"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Types_of_administrative_division" title="Template talk:Types of administrative division"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Types_of_administrative_division" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Types of administrative division"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Designations_for_types_of_administrative_division" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Designations for types of <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative division</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="English_terms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_terms_for_administrative_divisions" title="List of terms for administrative divisions">English terms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Common_English_terms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Common English terms</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insular_area" title="Insular area">Insular area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_area" title="Local government area">Local government area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Areas_Board" title="Special Areas Board">Special area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unorganized_area" title="Unorganized area">Unorganized area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Borough" title="Borough">Borough</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/County_borough" title="County borough">County borough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_borough" title="Metropolitan borough">Metropolitan borough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canton_(administrative_division)" title="Canton (administrative division)">Canton</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Half-canton" class="mw-redirect" title="Half-canton">Half-canton</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Capital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_capital" title="Federal capital">Federal capital</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Origins">Imperial capital</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_city" title="Autonomous city">Autonomous city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter city">Charter city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city" title="Independent city">Independent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incorporated_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Incorporated city">Incorporated city</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imperial_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial city">Imperial city</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">Free imperial city</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Royal_free_city" title="Royal free city">Royal free city</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_(administrative_division)" title="Community (administrative division)">Community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_community" title="Residential community">Residential community</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/County" title="County">County</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_county" title="Administrative county">Administrative county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_county" title="Autonomous county">Autonomous county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">County town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_county" title="Metropolitan county">Metropolitan county</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan county</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_county_municipality" title="Regional county municipality">Regional county municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viscountcy" class="mw-redirect" title="Viscountcy">Viscounty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas country">Overseas country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_(administrative_division)" title="Department (administrative division)">Department</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_department" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas department">Overseas department</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/District" title="District">District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital district">Capital district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_district" title="City district">City district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_district" title="Congressional district">Congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district" title="Electoral district">Electoral district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_government_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian government district">Indian government district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_district" title="Land district">Land district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Manitoba#Local_government_districts" title="List of municipalities in Manitoba">Local government district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan district">Metropolitan district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_district" title="Non-metropolitan district">Non-metropolitan district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_district" title="Military district">Military district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_district" title="Municipal district">Municipal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_district" title="Police district">Police district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_district" title="Regional district">Regional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_district" title="Rural district">Rural district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanitary_district" title="Sanitary district">Sanitary district</a></li> <li>Service district <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Educational_service_district_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Educational service district (disambiguation)">Educational service district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_service_district" title="Local service district">Local service district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">School district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_school_district" title="Intermediate school district">Intermediate school district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">Special district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">in the US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_district" title="Urban district">Urban district</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Division_(political_geography)" title="Division (political geography)">Division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Census_division" title="Census division">Census division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_division" title="Police division">Police division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenue_division" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenue division">Subdivision of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian reserve/reservation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reserve" title="Indian reserve">Indian reserve</a> (Canada)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Municipality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="City municipality">City municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_municipality" title="County municipality">County municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct-controlled_municipality" title="Direct-controlled municipality">Direct-controlled municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_municipality" title="District municipality">District municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutral_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutral municipality">Neutral municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_municipality" title="Regional municipality">Regional municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resort_municipality" title="Resort municipality">Resort municipality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_resort_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain resort municipality">Mountain resort municipality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_municipality" title="Rural municipality">Rural municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialized_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialized municipality">Specialized municipality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefecture" title="Prefecture">Prefecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_prefecture" title="Autonomous prefecture">Autonomous prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subprefecture" title="Subprefecture">Subprefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super-prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Super-prefecture">Super-prefecture</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture" title="Praetorian prefecture">Praetorian prefecture</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province" title="Province">Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_province" title="Autonomous province">Autonomous province</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Overseas_province" title="Overseas province">Overseas province</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">Roman province</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Region" title="Region">Region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Administrative region <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_region" title="Special administrative region">Special administrative region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous region">Autonomous region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_region" title="Capital region">Capital region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_capital_region" class="mw-redirect" title="National capital region">National capital region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_region" title="Development region">Development region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoregion_(geography)" title="Mesoregion (geography)">Mesoregion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microregion" title="Microregion">Microregion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas region">Overseas region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subregion_(administrative_division)" title="Subregion (administrative division)">Subregion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federated_state" title="Federated state">State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-state" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-state">Proto-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">City-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal state">Federal state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_state_(polity)" title="Free state (polity)">Free state</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign state</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital territory">Capital territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_capital_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal capital territory">Federal capital territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_capital_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="National capital territory">National capital territory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_territory" title="Federal territory">Federal territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incorporated_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Incorporated territory">Incorporated territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organized_incorporated_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Organized incorporated territory">Organized incorporated territory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas territory">Overseas territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_territory" title="Union territory">Union territory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Census_town" title="Census town">Census town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">Market town</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Township" title="Township">Township</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charter_township" title="Charter township">Charter township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">Civil township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_township" title="Paper township">Paper township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survey_township" title="Survey township">Survey township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_township" title="Urban township">Urban township</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional unit">Regional unit</a></li> <li>Territorial unit <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_territorial_unit" title="Autonomous territorial unit">Autonomous territorial unit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Economic zone <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">Exclusive economic zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_economic_zone" title="Free economic zone">Free economic zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zone" title="Special economic zone">Special economic zone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusion_zone" title="Exclusion zone">Exclusion zone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_exclusion_zone" title="Military exclusion zone">Military exclusion zone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_speech_zone" title="Free speech zone">Free speech zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutral_zone_(territorial_entity)" title="Neutral zone (territorial entity)">Neutral zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-administered_zone" title="Self-administered zone">Self-administered zone</a></li> <li>Trade zone <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free-trade_zone" title="Free-trade zone">Free-trade zone</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_English_terms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other English terms</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Victoria#Alpine_resorts" title="Local government in Victoria">Alpine resort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick" title="Bailiwick">Bailiwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banner_(administrative_division)" title="Banner (administrative division)">Banner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banners_of_Inner_Mongolia" title="Banners of Inner Mongolia">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_(district_subdivision)" title="Block (district subdivision)">Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadastre" title="Cadastre">Cadastre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_(administrative_division)" title="Circle (administrative division)">Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_(administrative_division)" title="Circuit (administrative division)">Circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condominium_(international_law)" title="Condominium (international law)">Condominium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constituency_(administrative_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituency (administrative division)">Constituency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy" title="Duchy">Duchy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/District_duchy" title="District duchy">District</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elderships_of_Lithuania" title="Elderships of Lithuania">Eldership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate" title="Emirate">Emirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclave_and_exclave" title="Enclave and exclave">Enclave and exclave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Dependencies_of_Venezuela" title="Federal Dependencies of Venezuela">Federal dependency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate" title="Governorate">Governorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">Hamlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manorialism" title="Manorialism">Manor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_manor" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal manor">Royal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muftiate" title="Muftiate">Muftiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbourhood" title="Neighbourhood">Neighbourhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parish_(administrative_division)" title="Parish (administrative division)">Parish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_precinct" title="Electoral precinct">Precinct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality" title="Principality">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">Protectorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarter_(urban_subdivision)" title="Quarter (urban subdivision)">Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">Regency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republic" title="Autonomous republic">Autonomous republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riding_(division)" title="Riding (division)">Riding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sector_(administrative_division)" title="Sector (administrative division)">Sector</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous sector">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shire" title="Shire">Shire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate">Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzerainty" title="Suzerainty">Suzerainty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townland" title="Townland">Townland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village" title="Village">Village</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_summer_villages_in_Alberta" title="List of summer villages in Alberta">Summer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_(electoral_subdivision)" title="Ward (electoral subdivision)">Ward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agency_(administrative_division)" title="Agency (administrative division)">Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barony_(county_division)" title="Barony (county division)">Barony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">Burgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exarchate" title="Exarchate">Exarchate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hide_(unit)" title="Hide (unit)">Hide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_(county_division)" title="Hundred (county division)">Hundred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Circle" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Circle">Imperial Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_(territorial_entity)" class="mw-redirect" title="March (territorial entity)">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monthon" title="Monthon">Monthon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_(administrative_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidency (administrative division)">Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residency_(administrative_division)" title="Residency (administrative division)">Residency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_diocese" title="Roman diocese">Roman diocese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seat_(administrative_division)" title="Seat (administrative division)">Seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_(administrative_division)" title="Tenth (administrative division)">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithing" title="Tithing">Tithing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty" title="Viceroyalty">Viceroyalty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-English_terms_or_loanwords" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-English terms or loanwords</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amt" title="Amt">Amt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apskritis" class="mw-redirect" title="Apskritis">Apskritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhsh" title="Bakhsh">Bakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">Barangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashki" class="mw-redirect" title="Bashki">Bashki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk" title="Bezirk">Bezirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">Regierungsbezirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comarca" title="Comarca">Comarca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazione" title="Frazione">Frazione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia">Freguesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_(administrative_division)" title="Fu (administrative division)">Fu</a></li> <li>Gemeinde <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (Austria)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (Germany)">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(South_Tyrol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (South Tyrol)">South Tyrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(Switzerland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeente_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Gemeente (disambiguation)">Gemeente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina" title="Gmina">Gmina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hromada" title="Hromada">Hromada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude%C8%9B" title="Județ">Județ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampong" title="Kampong">Kampong</a></li> <li>Kommun/Kunta <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Finland" title="Municipalities of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Sweden" title="Municipalities of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4n" title="Län">Län (Sweden)</a></li> <li>Landskap <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Finland" title="Regions of Finland">Finland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localit%C3%A0" title="Località">Località</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Finland" title="Regions of Finland">Maakunta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Hungary" title="Counties of Hungary">Megye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muban" title="Muban">Muban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukim" title="Mukim">Mukim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj%C3%ABsi_administrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Njësi administrative">Njësi administrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblast" title="Oblast">Oblast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_oblast" title="Autonomous oblast">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okrug" title="Okrug">Okrug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Iran" title="Provinces of Iran">Ostān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poblacion" title="Poblacion">Poblacion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purok" title="Purok">Purok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qark" class="mw-redirect" title="Qark">Qark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raion" title="Raion">Raion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savivaldyb%C4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="Savivaldybė">Savivaldybė</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selsoviet" title="Selsoviet">Selsoviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitio" title="Sitio">Sitio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni%C5%ABnija" class="mw-redirect" title="Seniūnija">Seniūnija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Iran" title="Counties of Iran">Shahrestān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sum_(administrative_division)" title="Sum (administrative division)">Sum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sums_of_Inner_Mongolia" title="Sums of Inner Mongolia">China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BDsla" title="Sýsla">Sýsla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehsil" title="Tehsil">Tehsil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban-type_settlement" title="Urban-type settlement">Townlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vingtaine" title="Vingtaine">Vingtaine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commote" title="Commote">Commote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gau_(territory)" title="Gau (territory)">Gau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heerlijkheid" title="Heerlijkheid">Heerlijkheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komun%C3%AB" title="Komunë">Komunë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ping" title="Köping">Köping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korale" title="Korale">Korale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Finland" title="Provinces of Finland">Län/Lääni</a></li> <li>Landskap <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sweden" title="Provinces of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalaiskunta" title="Maalaiskunta">Landskommun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalaiskunta" title="Maalaiskunta">Maalaiskunta</a></li> <li>Nome <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nome_(Egypt)" title="Nome (Egypt)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Greece" title="Prefectures of Greece">Greece</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagus" title="Pagus">Pagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pargana" title="Pargana">Pargana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plas%C4%83" title="Plasă">Plasă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rreth" class="mw-redirect" title="Rreth">Rreth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satrap" title="Satrap">Satrapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socken" title="Socken">Socken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subah" title="Subah">Subah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syssel" title="Syssel">Syssel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_(administrative_division)" title="Zhou (administrative division)">Zhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in <i>italics</i>. <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Autonomous_types_of_first-tier_administration" title="Template:Autonomous types of first-tier administration">Autonomous administration</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Census_division" title="Census division">Census division</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district" title="Electoral district">Electoral district</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_by_country" title="List of administrative divisions by country">List of administrative divisions by country</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Slavic-language_terms_for_administrative_divisions" title="Template:Slavic-language terms for administrative divisions">Slavic administrative divisions</a></dd></dl></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities" title="Template:Cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities" title="Template talk:Cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Urban_geography" title="Urban geography">Urban geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_centre" title="City centre">City centre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Downtown" title="Downtown">Downtown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburb" title="Suburb">Suburb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exurb" title="Exurb">Exurb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_city" title="Core city">Core city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_cities" title="Twin cities">Twin cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_city" title="Satellite city">Satellite city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_city" title="Edge city">Edge city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commuter_town" title="Commuter town">Commuter town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_proper" title="City proper">City proper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_limits" title="City limits">limits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conurbation" title="Conurbation">Conurbation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis" title="Metropolis">Metropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megacity" title="Megacity">Megacity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalopolis" title="Megalopolis">Megalopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_with_the_most_skyscrapers" title="List of cities with the most skyscrapers">Cities with the most skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbanization" title="Urbanization">Urbanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburbanization" title="Suburbanization">Suburbanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrinking_city" title="Shrinking city">Shrinking cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost town</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abandoned_village" title="Abandoned village">Abandoned village</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_city" title="Lost city">Lost city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tent_city" title="Tent city">Tent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_city" title="Closed city">Closed city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_town" title="College town">College town</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Urban government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_status" title="City status">City status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Municipality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Direct-controlled_municipality" title="Direct-controlled municipality">direct-controlled</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city" title="Independent city">Independent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">City-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_city" title="Autonomous city">Autonomous city</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Capital city</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Urban_economics" title="Urban economics">Urban economics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_by_GDP" title="List of cities by GDP">World's cities by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">Global city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">Central business district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_cities_for_expatriate_employees" title="List of most expensive cities for expatriate employees">Most expensive cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cheapest_cities" title="List of cheapest cities">Cheapest cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Most_livable_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Most livable cities">Most livable cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_decay" title="Urban decay">Urban decay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghetto" title="Ghetto">Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_ruins" title="Modern ruins">Modern ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-go_area" title="No-go area">No-go area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanty_town" title="Shanty town">Shanty town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skid_row" title="Skid row">Skid row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slum" title="Slum">Slum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting" title="Squatting">Squatting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">Urban renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_bond" title="Municipal bond">Municipal bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitat_III" title="Habitat III">Habitat III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peri-urban_agriculture" title="Peri-urban agriculture">Peri-urban agriculture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">Urban planning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_urban_planning" title="History of urban planning">History of urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theories_of_urban_planning" title="Theories of urban planning">Theories of urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_aspects_of_urban_planning" title="Technical aspects of urban planning">Technical aspects of urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_planner" title="Urban planner">Urban planners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_open_space" title="Public open space">Public open space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_green_space" title="Urban green space">Green space</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_wild" title="Urban wild">Urban wild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoning" title="Zoning">Zoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-use_development" title="Mixed-use development">Mixed-use development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_design" title="Urban design">Urban design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grid_plan" title="Grid plan">Grid plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concentric_zone_model" title="Concentric zone model">Concentric zone model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sector_model" title="Sector model">Sector model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_nuclei_model" title="Multiple nuclei model">Multiple nuclei model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_settlement" title="Linear settlement">Linear settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_use" title="Land use">Land use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_city" title="Smart city">Smart city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-friendly" title="Bicycle-friendly">Bicycle-friendly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclability" title="Cyclability">Cyclability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_infrastructure" title="Cycling infrastructure">Cycling infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedestrian_zone" title="Pedestrian zone">Pedestrian zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkability" title="Walkability">Walkability</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/World_population" title="World population">Urban population</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities" title="List of largest cities">World's largest cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_throughout_history" title="List of largest cities throughout history">throughout history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_proper_by_population_density" title="List of cities proper by population density">Most densely populated cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_capitals_by_population" title="List of national capitals by population">Most populous national capitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_satellite_cities_by_population" title="List of satellite cities by population">Most populous satellite cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Urbanism" title="Urbanism">Urbanism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Urbanism" title="New Urbanism">New Urbanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_warfare" title="Urban warfare">Urban warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_studies" title="Urban studies">Urban studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_morphology" title="Urban morphology">Urban morphology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_culture" title="Urban culture">Urban culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_sociology" title="Urban sociology">Urban sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-urbanism" title="Anti-urbanism">Anti-urbanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_exploration" title="Urban exploration">Urban exploration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_homesteading" title="Urban homesteading">Urban homesteading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitary_urbanism" title="Unitary urbanism">Unitary urbanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Environment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_and_cities" title="Climate change and cities">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-cities" title="Eco-cities">Eco-cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_engineering" title="Ecological engineering">Ecological engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_infrastructure" title="Green infrastructure">Green infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_urbanism" title="Green urbanism">Green urbanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Million_Tree_Initiative" title="Million Tree Initiative">Million Tree Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_city" title="Sustainable city">Sustainable city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goal_11" title="Sustainable Development Goal 11">Sustainable Development Goal 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_urbanism" title="Sustainable urbanism">Sustainable urbanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_ecology" title="Urban ecology">Urban ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_forest_inequity" title="Urban forest inequity">Urban forest inequity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_forest" title="Urban forest">Urban forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_forestry" title="Urban forestry">Urban forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_heat_island" title="Urban heat island">Urban heat island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_park" title="Urban park">Urban park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_prairie" title="Urban prairie">Urban prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_reforestation" title="Urban reforestation">Urban reforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-carbon_city" title="Zero-carbon city">Zero-carbon city</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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