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Papa Alessandro II - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Biografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Carriera_ecclesiastica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carriera_ecclesiastica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Carriera ecclesiastica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carriera_ecclesiastica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il_pontificato" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il_pontificato"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Il pontificato</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il_pontificato-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-L&#039;elezione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L&#039;elezione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>L'elezione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L&#039;elezione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_deposizione_dell&#039;antipapa_Onorio_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_deposizione_dell&#039;antipapa_Onorio_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>La deposizione dell'antipapa Onorio II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_deposizione_dell&#039;antipapa_Onorio_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relazioni_con_il_Re_dei_Romani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relazioni_con_il_Re_dei_Romani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Relazioni con il Re dei Romani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relazioni_con_il_Re_dei_Romani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relazioni_con_gli_altri_monarchi_cristiani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relazioni_con_gli_altri_monarchi_cristiani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>Relazioni con gli altri monarchi cristiani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relazioni_con_gli_altri_monarchi_cristiani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Passaggio_dal_sistema_romano_al_sistema_germanico_nel_calcolo_della_parentela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Passaggio_dal_sistema_romano_al_sistema_germanico_nel_calcolo_della_parentela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.5</span> <span>Passaggio dal sistema romano al sistema germanico nel calcolo della parentela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Passaggio_dal_sistema_romano_al_sistema_germanico_nel_calcolo_della_parentela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concistori_per_la_creazione_di_nuovi_cardinali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concistori_per_la_creazione_di_nuovi_cardinali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Concistori per la creazione di nuovi cardinali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concistori_per_la_creazione_di_nuovi_cardinali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Successione_apostolica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Successione_apostolica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Successione apostolica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Successione_apostolica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Papa Alessandro II</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un&#039;altra lingua. Disponibile in 68 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pous_Alexander_II" title="Pous Alexander II - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pous Alexander II" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_(%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7)" title="ألكسندر الثاني (بابا) - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألكسندر الثاني (بابا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89" title="الكسندر التانى - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الكسندر التانى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_II_(%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)" title="Аляксандр II (Папа Рымскі) - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аляксандр II (Папа Рымскі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80_II_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0)" title="Александър II (папа) - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Александър II (папа)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_II_(pab)" title="Aleksandr II (pab) - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aleksandr II (pab)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Aleksandar_II" title="Papa Aleksandar II - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Papa Aleksandar II" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_II_(papa)" title="Alexandre II (papa) - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alexandre II (papa)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1u-hu%C3%B2ng_Alexander_2-si%C3%A9" title="Gáu-huòng Alexander 2-sié - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gáu-huòng Alexander 2-sié" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandr_II._(pape%C5%BE)" title="Alexandr II. (papež) - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alexandr II. (papež)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pave_Alexander_2." title="Pave Alexander 2. - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pave Alexander 2." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_II._(Papst)" title="Alexander II. (Papst) - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alexander II. (Papst)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_II_(papa)" title="Alexander II (papa) - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Alexander II (papa)" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BE%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%84" title="Πάπας Αλέξανδρος Β΄ - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πάπας Αλέξανδρος Β΄" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_II" title="Pope Alexander II - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pope Alexander II" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_II_(papa)" title="Alejandro II (papa) - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alejandro II (papa)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksander_II_(paavst)" title="Aleksander II (paavst) - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aleksander II (paavst)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandro_II.a" title="Alexandro II.a - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alexandro II.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%BE_%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85" title="پاپ الکساندر دوم - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پاپ الکساندر دوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksanteri_II_(paavi)" title="Aleksanteri II (paavi) - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aleksanteri II (paavi)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_II_(pape)" title="Alexandre II (pape) - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alexandre II (pape)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksander_II_(paus)" title="Aleksander II (paus) - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Aleksander II (paus)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1pa_Alastar_II" title="Pápa Alastar II - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pápa Alastar II" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_II,_papa" title="Alexandre II, papa - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alexandre II, papa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kau-f%C3%B2ng_Alexander_2-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Kau-fòng Alexander 2-sṳ - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kau-fòng Alexander 2-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%99_(%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8)" title="אלכסנדר השני (אפיפיור) - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלכסנדר השני (אפיפיור)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandar_II.,_papa" title="Aleksandar II., papa - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aleksandar II., papa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/II._S%C3%A1ndor_p%C3%A1pa" title="II. Sándor pápa - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="II. Sándor pápa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Aleksander_II" title="Paus Aleksander II - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paus Aleksander II" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Alejandro_II" title="Papa Alejandro II - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Papa Alejandro II" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papo_Alexander_la_2ma" title="Papo Alexander la 2ma - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Papo Alexander la 2ma" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB2%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E6%95%99%E7%9A%87)" title="アレクサンデル2世 (ローマ教皇) - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレクサンデル2世 (ローマ教皇)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Aleksander_II" title="Paus Aleksander II - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Paus Aleksander II" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_II_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98)" title="ალექსანდრე II (პაპი) - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალექსანდრე II (პაპი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%A9_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%B0%EB%A5%B4_2%EC%84%B8" title="교황 알렉산데르 2세 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교황 알렉산데르 2세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_II" title="Alexander II - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alexander II" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Lissander_II" title="Papa Lissander II - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Papa Lissander II" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popie%C5%BEius_Aleksandras_II" title="Popiežius Aleksandras II - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Popiežius Aleksandras II" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_II" title="Папа Александар II - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Папа Александар II" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="पोप अलेक्झांडर दुसरा - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पोप अलेक्झांडर दुसरा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Alexander_II" title="Paus Alexander II - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Paus Alexander II" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85" title="الکساندر دوم - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="الکساندر دوم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Alexander_II" title="Paus Alexander II - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paus Alexander II" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_II_(pave)" title="Alexander II (pave) - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alexander II (pave)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksander_II_(papie%C5%BC)" title="Aleksander II (papież) - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aleksander II (papież)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Alexandre_II" title="Papa Alexandre II - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Papa Alexandre II" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Alexandru_al_II-lea" title="Papa Alexandru al II-lea - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Papa Alexandru al II-lea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_II_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Александр II (папа римский) - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Александр II (папа римский)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alissandru_II" title="Alissandru II - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Alissandru II" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pape_Alexander_II" title="Pape Alexander II - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Pape Alexander II" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandar_II_(papa)" title="Aleksandar II (papa) - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aleksandar II (papa)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_II" title="Pope Alexander II - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pope Alexander II" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_II._(p%C3%A1pe%C5%BE)" title="Alexander II. (pápež) - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Alexander II. (pápež)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pape%C5%BE_Aleksander_II." title="Papež Aleksander II. - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Papež Aleksander II." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_II" title="Папа Александар II - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Папа Александар II" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_II_(p%C3%A5ve)" title="Alexander II (påve) - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Alexander II (påve)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Alexander_II" title="Papa Alexander II - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Papa Alexander II" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Alejandro_II" title="Papa Alejandro II - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Papa Alejandro II" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/II._Alexander" title="II. Alexander - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="II. Alexander" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_II_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Олександр II (папа римський) - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Олександр II (папа римський)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85" title="ایلیکساندر دوم - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایلیکساندر دوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A1o_ho%C3%A0ng_Alexan%C4%91%C3%AA_II" title="Giáo hoàng Alexanđê II - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giáo hoàng Alexanđê II" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Alejandro_II" title="Papa Alejandro II - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Papa Alejandro II" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="亚历山大二世 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亚历山大二世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3p%C3%B9_Alexander_2k" title="Pópù Alexander 2k - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Pópù Alexander 2k" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="歷山二世 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="歷山二世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0u-h%C3%B4ng_Alexander_2-s%C3%A8" title="Kàu-hông Alexander 2-sè - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kàu-hông Alexander 2-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="歷山二世 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="歷山二世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q171112#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:gold">Papa Alessandro II</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Alessandro-ii-color.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Alessandro-ii-color.jpg/229px-Alessandro-ii-color.jpg" decoding="async" width="229" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Alessandro-ii-color.jpg/344px-Alessandro-ii-color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Alessandro-ii-color.jpg/458px-Alessandro-ii-color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="782" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:gold">156º papa della Chiesa cattolica</th></tr><tr><th>Elezione</th><td>30 settembre <a href="/wiki/1061" title="1061">1061</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Insediamento</th><td>1º ottobre <a href="/wiki/1061" title="1061">1061</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Fine pontificato</th><td>21 aprile <a href="/wiki/1073" title="1073">1073</a><br /><small>(11&#160;anni e 203&#160;giorni)</small> </td></tr><tr><th>Cardinali creati</th><td><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Cardinali_nominati_da_Alessandro_II" title="Categoria:Cardinali nominati da Alessandro II">vedi categoria</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_II" title="Papa Niccolò II">papa Niccolò II</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_VII" title="Papa Gregorio VII">papa Gregorio VII</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:gold; line-height:3px">&#160;</th></tr><tr><th>Nome</th><td>Anselmo da Baggio </td></tr><tr><th>Nascita</th><td><a href="/wiki/Baggio_(Milano)" title="Baggio (Milano)">Baggio</a>, <a href="/wiki/1010" title="1010">1010</a>/<a href="/wiki/1015" title="1015">1015</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Nomina a vescovo</th><td><a href="/wiki/1057" title="1057">1057</a> da <a href="/wiki/Papa_Vittore_II" title="Papa Vittore II">papa Vittore II</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Morte</th><td><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, 21 aprile <a href="/wiki/1073" title="1073">1073</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Sepoltura</th><td><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_San_Giovanni_in_Laterano" title="Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano">Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Papa_della_Chiesa_cattolica/man" title="Template:Papa della Chiesa cattolica/man"><span title="Manuale del template Papa della Chiesa cattolica">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alessandro II</b>, nato <b>Anselmo da Baggio</b> (<a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milano</a>, <a href="/wiki/1010" title="1010">1010</a>/<a href="/wiki/1015" title="1015">1015</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, <a href="/wiki/21_aprile" title="21 aprile">21 aprile</a> <a href="/wiki/1073" title="1073">1073</a>), è stato il 156º <a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">papa</a> della <a href="/wiki/Chiesa_cattolica" title="Chiesa cattolica">Chiesa cattolica</a> dal <a href="/wiki/1061" title="1061">1061</a> fino alla sua morte. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Biografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carriera_ecclesiastica">Carriera ecclesiastica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Carriera ecclesiastica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Carriera ecclesiastica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nacque a <a href="/wiki/Baggio_(Milano)" title="Baggio (Milano)">Baggio</a>, antico comune del <a href="/wiki/Citt%C3%A0_metropolitana_di_Milano" title="Città metropolitana di Milano">milanese</a>, dall'<a href="/wiki/Da_Baggio_(famiglia)" title="Da Baggio (famiglia)">omonima famiglia nobile</a> e compì i suoi studi nella scuola <a href="/wiki/Cluniacensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cluniacensi">cluniacense</a> di <a href="/wiki/Lanfranco_di_Canterbury" title="Lanfranco di Canterbury">Lanfranco di Canterbury</a> presso l'<a href="/wiki/Abbazia_di_Notre-Dame_du_Bec" title="Abbazia di Notre-Dame du Bec">abbazia di Notre-Dame du Bec</a>; fu ordinato sacerdote verso il <a href="/wiki/1055" title="1055">1055</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1057" title="1057">1057</a> fu nominato <a href="/wiki/Diocesi_di_Lucca" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocesi di Lucca">vescovo di Lucca</a>, carica che terrà anche durante il papato. Come vescovo di <a href="/wiki/Lucca" title="Lucca">Lucca</a> fece riedificare il <a href="/wiki/Duomo_di_Lucca" class="mw-redirect" title="Duomo di Lucca">Duomo</a>. Nel periodo in cui fu vescovo sostenne <a href="/wiki/Ildebrando_di_Soana" class="mw-redirect" title="Ildebrando di Soana">Ildebrando di Soana</a> nell'impresa di sopprimere la <a href="/wiki/Simonia" title="Simonia">simonia</a> e di rafforzare il <a href="/wiki/Celibato" title="Celibato">celibato</a> del <a href="/wiki/Clero" title="Clero">clero</a>. Anselmo capeggiò la <a href="/wiki/Pataria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pataria">pataria</a> milanese, un movimento popolare contro l'immoralità nel clero. </p><p>Il Capitolo della Cattedrale di Lucca deve a lui il privilegio della mitra bianca damascata concessa ai Canonici che ne fanno parte, privilegio non più utilizzato dal 1969. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il_pontificato">Il pontificato</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Il pontificato" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Il pontificato"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="L'elezione"><span id="L.27elezione"></span>L'elezione</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la sezione L&#039;elezione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: L&#039;elezione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Elezione_papale_del_1061" title="Elezione papale del 1061">Elezione papale del 1061</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>L'ascesa al Soglio pontificio fu guidata da Ildebrando, che agì in conformità con i decreti del 1059<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Alessandro II fu il primo pontefice ad essere eletto da un consesso di prìncipi della Chiesa senza l'intervento del potere imperiale. Non rinunciò alla cattedra lucchese, che mantenne fino alla morte. Al momento della sua elezione non era <a href="/wiki/Cardinale" title="Cardinale">cardinale</a>. Alessandro II si batté per il <a href="/wiki/Celibato_ecclesiastico" title="Celibato ecclesiastico">celibato ecclesiastico</a> e contro la simonia, pratica che faceva mercato delle cariche ecclesiastiche e delle indulgenze. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_deposizione_dell'antipapa_Onorio_II"><span id="La_deposizione_dell.27antipapa_Onorio_II"></span>La deposizione dell'antipapa Onorio II</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la sezione La deposizione dell&#039;antipapa Onorio II" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: La deposizione dell&#039;antipapa Onorio II"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Da parte della Sede apostolica nessuna richiesta venne fatta alla corte germanica per ottenere una conferma dell'elezione di Alessandro. La reazione della corte imperiale fu negativa: la reggente del <a href="/wiki/Sacro_Romano_Impero" title="Sacro Romano Impero">Sacro Romano Impero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agnese_di_Poitou" title="Agnese di Poitou">Agnese di Poitou</a>, vedova dell'<a href="/wiki/Enrico_III_il_Nero" title="Enrico III il Nero">imperatore Enrico III</a> e madre del futuro <a href="/wiki/Enrico_IV_di_Franconia" title="Enrico IV di Franconia">imperatore Enrico IV</a>, convocò un concilio a <a href="/wiki/Basilea" title="Basilea">Basilea</a>, nel quale venne eletto papa il <a href="/wiki/Diocesi_di_Parma" title="Diocesi di Parma">vescovo di Parma</a>, Pietro Cadalo, che assunse il nome di <a href="/wiki/Antipapa_Onorio_II" title="Antipapa Onorio II">Onorio II</a> (28 ottobre 1061)<sup id="cite_ref-Treccani_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treccani-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Questi marciò su Roma e per un lungo periodo compromise la posizione del rivale. </p><p>Nell'aprile 1063, papa Alessandro II indisse solennemente un <a href="/wiki/Sinodo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinodo">sinodo</a>, che vide un'ampia partecipazione e si tenne nel <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_del_Laterano" title="Palazzo del Laterano">palazzo del Laterano</a>. Vi fu condannato l'antipapa Onorio II; furono rinnovati i decreti contro la <a href="/wiki/Simonia" title="Simonia">simonia</a> di <a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_II" title="Papa Niccolò II">papa Niccolò II</a>; fu vietato ai fedeli di assistere alle liturgie celebrate da sacerdoti concubinari; fu proibito agli ecclesiastici di cumulare benefici e di accettare l'investitura da laici senza aver prima ottenuto il consenso dei superiori ecclesiastici; fu raccomandata al clero la pratica della vita comune.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tuttavia sorsero dei contrasti fra Agnese e la nobiltà germanica. Fu convocato un <a href="/wiki/Concilio_di_Mantova_(1064)" title="Concilio di Mantova (1064)">concilio</a> a <a href="/wiki/Mantova" title="Mantova">Mantova</a> (31 maggio 1064) presieduto dall'<a href="/wiki/Arcidiocesi_di_Colonia" title="Arcidiocesi di Colonia">arcivescovo di Colonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annone_II_di_Colonia" title="Annone II di Colonia">Annone II</a>, subentrato ad Agnese nella reggenza del futuro imperatore Enrico IV. Alessandro, rappresentato dal cardinale <a href="/wiki/Pier_Damiani" title="Pier Damiani">Pier Damiani</a>, fu completamente scagionato dalle accuse di aver ottenuto il papato con le armi e la simonia. Da allora la posizione del pontefice non venne più minacciata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Relazioni_con_il_Re_dei_Romani">Relazioni con il Re dei Romani</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Relazioni con il Re dei Romani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Relazioni con il Re dei Romani"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel 1066 Enrico IV, sedicenne, contrasse matrimonio con <a href="/wiki/Berta_di_Savoia" title="Berta di Savoia">Berta di Savoia</a>. Già tre anni dopo, però, fece richiesta al pontefice di sciogliere il legame. Alessandro II invece non volle concedere il divorzio, soluzione alla quale il re dovette al momento rinunciare. I contrasti con Enrico IV si acuirono ulteriormente allorché quest'ultimo, nel 1070, volle imporre come arcivescovo di Milano, dopo la morte di <a href="/wiki/Guido_da_Velate" title="Guido da Velate">Guido da Velate</a>, Goffredo da Castiglione, mentre Alessandro nominò <a href="/wiki/Attone_di_Milano" title="Attone di Milano">Attone</a>; il conflitto con re Enrico si protrasse oltre la morte di papa Alessandro, proseguendo con il suo successore <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_VII" title="Papa Gregorio VII">papa Gregorio VII</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Relazioni_con_gli_altri_monarchi_cristiani">Relazioni con gli altri monarchi cristiani</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Relazioni con gli altri monarchi cristiani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Relazioni con gli altri monarchi cristiani"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel 1063 Alessandro II lanciò un appello per la riconquista della città di <a href="/wiki/Barbastro" title="Barbastro">Barbastro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spagna" title="Spagna">Spagna</a>). Risposero cavalieri spagnoli, francesi - questi ultimi comandati da <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_VIII_d%27Aquitania" class="mw-redirect" title="Guglielmo VIII d&#39;Aquitania">Guglielmo VIII d'Aquitania</a> - e italiani. Il papa concesse l'<a href="/wiki/Indulgenza_plenaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Indulgenza plenaria">indulgenza plenaria</a> ai soldati che parteciparono alla presa della città (giugno 1064).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1066 il pontefice si schierò con il normanno <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_il_Conquistatore" class="mw-redirect" title="Guglielmo il Conquistatore">Guglielmo il Conquistatore</a>, che aveva preso il potere in <a href="/wiki/Inghilterra" title="Inghilterra">Inghilterra</a>, e contro <a href="/wiki/Aroldo_II_d%27Inghilterra" title="Aroldo II d&#39;Inghilterra">Aroldo II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Quattro anni dopo Alessandro II inviò tre legati papali, Giovanni Minuto, Pietro ed Ermenfrido, a <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a>. Essi incoronarono solennemente Guglielmo nella domenica di <a href="/wiki/Pasqua" title="Pasqua">Pasqua</a> (4 aprile 1070). Poi deposero l'<a href="/wiki/Arcivescovo_di_Canterbury" title="Arcivescovo di Canterbury">arcivescovo di Canterbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stigand" title="Stigand">Stigand</a>, che si era dimostrato infedele, in un <a href="/wiki/Concilio_di_Winchester_(1070)" title="Concilio di Winchester (1070)">concilio convocato a Winchester</a> nell'ottava di Pasqua; al suo posto nominarono titolare della cattedra primaziale il <a href="/wiki/Priore" title="Priore">priore</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Abbazia_di_Bec" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbazia di Bec">abbazia di Bec</a> <a href="/wiki/Lanfranco_di_Canterbury" title="Lanfranco di Canterbury">Lanfranco di Pavia</a>, già consigliere di Guglielmo.<sup id="cite_ref-Treccani_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treccani-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1071 Alessandro II inviò una delegazione presso l'<a href="/wiki/Impero_bizantino" title="Impero bizantino">imperatore bizantino</a> <a href="/wiki/Michele_VII_Ducas" title="Michele VII Ducas">Michele VII</a>. Fu la prima visita ufficiale di un legato della Santa Sede dopo la rottura avvenuta nel 1054 con la Chiesa di Costantinopoli.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Passaggio_dal_sistema_romano_al_sistema_germanico_nel_calcolo_della_parentela">Passaggio dal sistema romano al sistema germanico nel calcolo della parentela</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Passaggio dal sistema romano al sistema germanico nel calcolo della parentela" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Passaggio dal sistema romano al sistema germanico nel calcolo della parentela"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ad Alessandro II si deve la formalizzazione del passaggio, all'interno del mondo ecclesiastico, dal sistema romano di classificazione della <a href="/wiki/Parentela" title="Parentela">parentela</a> a quello germanico<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Mentre il sistema romano si fondava sul calcolo della parentela in linea retta, quello germanico seguiva il computo nella linea collaterale, calcolando le <a href="/wiki/Generazione" title="Generazione">generazioni</a> dei diversi gruppi di fratelli-cugini. Col passaggio al sistema germanico, Alessandro II sancì anche la proibizione del <a href="/wiki/Matrimonio" title="Matrimonio">matrimonio</a> fino al settimo grado di parentela, decisione che comportò una forte estensione dei gradi proibiti (il settimo grado del metodo germanico, infatti, corrispondeva al quattordicesimo di quello romano). Per questa ragione, le interdizioni sarebbero state limitate dal <a href="/wiki/Concilio_Lateranense_IV" title="Concilio Lateranense IV">Concilio Lateranense IV</a> (<a href="/wiki/1215" title="1215">1215</a>), che avrebbe riportato gli impedimenti al quarto grado<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concistori_per_la_creazione_di_nuovi_cardinali">Concistori per la creazione di nuovi cardinali</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Concistori per la creazione di nuovi cardinali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Concistori per la creazione di nuovi cardinali"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Concistori_di_papa_Alessandro_II" title="Concistori di papa Alessandro II">Concistori di papa Alessandro II</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Papa Alessandro II durante il suo pontificato ha ordinato 45 cardinali nel corso di 12 distinti concistori.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Successione_apostolica">Successione apostolica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Successione apostolica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Successione apostolica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Successione_apostolica" title="Successione apostolica">successione apostolica</a> è: </p> <ul><li>Arcivescovo <a href="/wiki/Sigfrido_I_di_Magonza" title="Sigfrido I di Magonza">Sigfrido I di Magonza</a> (1060)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">John N.D. Kelly, <i>Gran Dizionario Illustrato dei Papi</i>, p. 407</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Si veda <a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_II" title="Papa Niccolò II">Papa Niccolò II</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Treccani-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Treccani_3-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Treccani_3-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_papa-alessandro-ii_(Dizionario-Biografico)" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/papa-alessandro-ii_(Dizionario-Biografico)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Papa Alessandro II</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Dizionario_biografico_degli_italiani" title="Dizionario biografico degli italiani">Dizionario biografico degli italiani</a></span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_papa-alessandro-ii_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/papa-alessandro-ii_(Dizionario-Biografico)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Alessandro II</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Dizionario_biografico_degli_italiani" title="Dizionario biografico degli italiani">Dizionario biografico degli italiani</a></span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Jonathan P. Phillips, <i>The Second Crusade: Extending the Frontiers of Christendom</i>, St. Edmundsbury Press Ltd., 2007, p. 246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Ian Walker, <i>Harold the Last Anglo-Saxon King</i>. Gloucestershire, Wrens Park (2000).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">John N.D. Kelly, <i>Gran Dizionario Illustrato dei Papi</i>, p. 409</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Cesarina Casanova, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/799567976"><span style="font-style:italic;">Famiglia e parentela nell'età moderna</span></a>, Carocci, 2009, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-430-5157-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-430-5157-1">978-88-430-5157-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/799567976">799567976</a>. <small>URL consultato il 7 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/parentela-e-affinita_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)"><span style="font-style:italic;">PARENTELA e AFFINITÀ in "Enciclopedia Italiana"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">treccani.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 7 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Miranda" title="Salvador Miranda">Salvador Miranda</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cardinals.fiu.edu/consistories-xi.htm#AlexanderII"><span style="font-style:italic;">Alexander II</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">fiu.edu – The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church</span>, <a href="/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">Florida International University</a>. <small>URL consultato il 22 luglio 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>John N.D. Kelly, <i>Gran Dizionario Illustrato dei Papi</i>, Edizioni Piemme S.p.A., 1989, Casale Monferrato (AL), <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/8838413266" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 88-384-1326-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tabernella" title="Tabernella">Tabernella</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Autore:Papa_Alessandro_II" class="extiw" title="s:Autore:Papa Alessandro II">Wikisource</a></li> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Papa_Alessandro_II" class="extiw" title="q:Papa Alessandro II">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Alexander II"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alexander_II?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikisource"><img alt="Collabora a Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/27px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="s:">Wikisource</a> contiene una pagina dedicata a <b><a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Autore:Papa_Alessandro_II" class="extiw" title="s:Autore:Papa Alessandro II">papa Alessandro II</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Papa_Alessandro_II" class="extiw" title="q:Papa Alessandro II">papa Alessandro II</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alexander_II?uselang=it">papa Alessandro II</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Giorgio Falco, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/papa-alessandro-ii_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">ALESSANDRO II, papa</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1929.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171112#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDizionario_di_storia" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/alessandro-ii_res-07f46b56-bd44-11e1-bb7e-d5ce3506d72e_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Alessandro II</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario di storia</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 2010.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171112#P6404" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSapere.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Alessandro+II+(papa).html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Alessandro II (papa)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">sapere.it</span>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171112#P6706" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFJewish_Encyclopedia" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1124"><span style="font-style:italic;">Papa Alessandro II</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia">Jewish Encyclopedia</a></span>, Funk and Wagnalls.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171112#P8590" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDBI" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Cinzio Violante, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/papa-alessandro-ii_(Dizionario-Biografico)"><span style="font-style:italic;">ALESSANDRO II, papa</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Dizionario_biografico_degli_italiani" title="Dizionario biografico degli italiani">Dizionario biografico degli italiani</a></span>, vol.&#160;2, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1960.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171112#P1986" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCatholic_Encyclopedia" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01286a.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Papa Alessandro II</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></span>, Robert Appleton Company.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171112#P3241" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCatholic_Hierarchy" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a href="/wiki/David_M._Cheney" title="David M. Cheney">David M. Cheney</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbaggioan.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Papa Alessandro II</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Catholic Hierarchy</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171112#P1047" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_alessandro-ii_(Enciclopedia-dei-Papi)/" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/alessandro-ii_(Enciclopedia-dei-Papi)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Alessandro II</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_dei_Papi" title="Enciclopedia dei Papi">Enciclopedia dei Papi</a></span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2000.</cite></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/01_01_1061-1073-_Alexander_II.html">Opera Omnia dal Migne Patrologia Latina con indici analitici</a>, ivi compresa la lettera <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/04z/z_1061-1073-__SS_Alexander_II__Epistola_&#39;Licet_ex&#39;_ad_Landolfum_Beneventinum_(AD_1065)__LT.doc.html">Licet ex</a> a Landulfo di Benevento, nella quale ribadisce la doverosa tolleranza religiosa e civile verso gli Ebrei.</li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #FFD700; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">Papa</a> della <a href="/wiki/Chiesa_cattolica" title="Chiesa cattolica">Chiesa cattolica</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/15px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/22px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/29px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_II" title="Papa Niccolò II">Papa Niccolò II</a> </td> <td>1º ottobre <a href="/wiki/1061" title="1061">1061</a> - 21 aprile <a href="/wiki/1073" title="1073">1073</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_VII" title="Papa Gregorio VII">Papa Gregorio VII</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #ACE1AF; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Arcidiocesi_di_Lucca" title="Arcidiocesi di Lucca">Vescovo di Lucca</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BishopCoA_PioM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BishopCoA_PioM.svg/22px-BishopCoA_PioM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BishopCoA_PioM.svg/33px-BishopCoA_PioM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BishopCoA_PioM.svg/43px-BishopCoA_PioM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1499" data-file-height="1380" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td>Giovanni II </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1057" title="1057">1057</a> - 21 aprile <a href="/wiki/1073" title="1073">1073</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anselmo_di_Lucca" title="Anselmo di Lucca">Anselmo II</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Papi"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="background:#FFE8BF; border:2px solid #FFAD1F;"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Papi" title="Template:Papi"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Papi" title="Discussioni template:Papi"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Papi&amp;action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l&#39;anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">Papi</a> della <a href="/wiki/Chiesa_cattolica" title="Chiesa cattolica">Chiesa cattolica</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#FFE8BF; text-align:center; border:2px solid#F0D060; width:8em; font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/I_secolo" title="I secolo">I</a>-<a href="/wiki/IV_secolo" title="IV secolo">IV secolo</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_(apostolo)" title="Pietro (apostolo)">Pietro</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Lino" title="Papa Lino">Lino</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Cleto" title="Papa Cleto">Cleto</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_I" title="Papa Clemente I">Clemente I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Evaristo" title="Papa Evaristo">Evaristo</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Alessandro_I" title="Papa Alessandro I">Alessandro I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sisto_I" title="Papa Sisto I">Sisto I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Telesforo" title="Papa Telesforo">Telesforo</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Igino" title="Papa Igino">Igino</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pio_I" title="Papa Pio I">Pio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Aniceto" title="Papa Aniceto">Aniceto</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sotero" title="Papa Sotero">Sotero</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Eleuterio" title="Papa Eleuterio">Eleuterio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Vittore_I" title="Papa Vittore I">Vittore I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Zefirino" title="Papa Zefirino">Zefirino</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Callisto_I" title="Papa Callisto I">Callisto I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Urbano_I" title="Papa Urbano I">Urbano I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Ponziano" title="Papa Ponziano">Ponziano</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Antero" title="Papa Antero">Antero</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Fabiano" title="Papa Fabiano">Fabiano</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Cornelio" title="Papa Cornelio">Cornelio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Lucio_I" title="Papa Lucio I">Lucio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_I" title="Papa Stefano I">Stefano I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sisto_II" title="Papa Sisto II">Sisto II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Dionisio" title="Papa Dionisio">Dionisio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Felice_I" title="Papa Felice I">Felice I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Eutichiano" title="Papa Eutichiano">Eutichiano</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Caio" title="Papa Caio">Caio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Marcellino" title="Papa Marcellino">Marcellino</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Marcello_I" title="Papa Marcello I">Marcello I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Eusebio" title="Papa Eusebio">Eusebio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Milziade" title="Papa Milziade">Milziade</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Silvestro_I" title="Papa Silvestro I">Silvestro I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Marco" title="Papa Marco">Marco</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giulio_I" title="Papa Giulio I">Giulio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Liberio" title="Papa Liberio">Liberio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Damaso_I" title="Papa Damaso I">Damaso I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Siricio" title="Papa Siricio">Siricio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Anastasio_I" title="Papa Anastasio I">Anastasio I</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#FFE8BF; text-align:center; border:2px solid#F0D060; width:8em; font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/V_secolo" title="V secolo">V</a>-<a href="/wiki/VIII_secolo" title="VIII secolo">VIII secolo</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_I" title="Papa Innocenzo I">Innocenzo I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Zosimo" title="Papa Zosimo">Zosimo</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bonifacio_I" title="Papa Bonifacio I">Bonifacio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Celestino_I" title="Papa Celestino I">Celestino I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sisto_III" title="Papa Sisto III">Sisto III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_I" title="Papa Leone I">Leone I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Ilario" title="Papa Ilario">Ilario</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Simplicio" title="Papa Simplicio">Simplicio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Felice_III" title="Papa Felice III">Felice III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gelasio_I" title="Papa Gelasio I">Gelasio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Anastasio_II" title="Papa Anastasio II">Anastasio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Simmaco" title="Papa Simmaco">Simmaco</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Ormisda" title="Papa Ormisda">Ormisda</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_I" title="Papa Giovanni I">Giovanni I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Felice_IV" title="Papa Felice IV">Felice IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bonifacio_II" title="Papa Bonifacio II">Bonifacio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_II" title="Papa Giovanni II">Giovanni II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Agapito_I" title="Papa Agapito I">Agapito I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Silverio" title="Papa Silverio">Silverio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Vigilio" title="Papa Vigilio">Vigilio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pelagio_I" title="Papa Pelagio I">Pelagio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_III" title="Papa Giovanni III">Giovanni III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_I" title="Papa Benedetto I">Benedetto I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pelagio_II" title="Papa Pelagio II">Pelagio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_I" title="Papa Gregorio I">Gregorio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sabiniano" title="Papa Sabiniano">Sabiniano</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bonifacio_III" title="Papa Bonifacio III">Bonifacio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bonifacio_IV" title="Papa Bonifacio IV">Bonifacio IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Adeodato_I" title="Papa Adeodato I">Adeodato I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bonifacio_V" title="Papa Bonifacio V">Bonifacio V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Onorio_I" title="Papa Onorio I">Onorio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Severino" title="Papa Severino">Severino</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_IV" title="Papa Giovanni IV">Giovanni IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Teodoro_I" title="Papa Teodoro I">Teodoro I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Martino_I" title="Papa Martino I">Martino I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Eugenio_I" title="Papa Eugenio I">Eugenio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Vitaliano" title="Papa Vitaliano">Vitaliano</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Adeodato_II" title="Papa Adeodato II">Adeodato II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Dono" title="Papa Dono">Dono</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Agatone" title="Papa Agatone">Agatone</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_II" title="Papa Leone II">Leone II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_II" title="Papa Benedetto II">Benedetto II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_V" title="Papa Giovanni V">Giovanni V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Conone" title="Papa Conone">Conone</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sergio_I" title="Papa Sergio I">Sergio I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_VI" title="Papa Giovanni VI">Giovanni VI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_VII" title="Papa Giovanni VII">Giovanni VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sisinnio" title="Papa Sisinnio">Sisinnio</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Costantino" title="Papa Costantino">Costantino</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_II" title="Papa Gregorio II">Gregorio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_III" title="Papa Gregorio III">Gregorio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Zaccaria" title="Papa Zaccaria">Zaccaria</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_II" title="Papa Stefano II">Stefano II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Paolo_I" title="Papa Paolo I">Paolo I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_III" title="Papa Stefano III">Stefano III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Adriano_I" title="Papa Adriano I">Adriano I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_III" title="Papa Leone III">Leone III</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#FFE8BF; text-align:center; border:2px solid#F0D060; width:8em; font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/IX_secolo" title="IX secolo">IX</a>-<a href="/wiki/XII_secolo" title="XII secolo">XII secolo</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_IV" title="Papa Stefano IV">Stefano IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pasquale_I" title="Papa Pasquale I">Pasquale I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Eugenio_II" title="Papa Eugenio II">Eugenio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Valentino" title="Papa Valentino">Valentino</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_IV" title="Papa Gregorio IV">Gregorio IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sergio_II" title="Papa Sergio II">Sergio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_IV" title="Papa Leone IV">Leone IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_III" title="Papa Benedetto III">Benedetto III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_I" title="Papa Niccolò I">Niccolò I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Adriano_II" title="Papa Adriano II">Adriano II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_VIII" title="Papa Giovanni VIII">Giovanni VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Marino_I" title="Papa Marino I">Marino I</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Adriano_III" title="Papa Adriano III">Adriano III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_V" title="Papa Stefano V">Stefano V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Formoso" title="Papa Formoso">Formoso</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bonifacio_VI" title="Papa Bonifacio VI">Bonifacio VI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_VI" title="Papa Stefano VI">Stefano VI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Romano" title="Papa Romano">Romano</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Teodoro_II" title="Papa Teodoro II">Teodoro II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_IX" title="Papa Giovanni IX">Giovanni IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_IV" title="Papa Benedetto IV">Benedetto IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_V" title="Papa Leone V">Leone V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sergio_III" title="Papa Sergio III">Sergio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Anastasio_III" title="Papa Anastasio III">Anastasio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Lando" title="Papa Lando">Lando</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_X" title="Papa Giovanni X">Giovanni X</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_VI" title="Papa Leone VI">Leone VI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_VII" title="Papa Stefano VII">Stefano VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XI" title="Papa Giovanni XI">Giovanni XI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_VII" title="Papa Leone VII">Leone VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_VIII" title="Papa Stefano VIII">Stefano VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Marino_II" title="Papa Marino II">Marino II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Agapito_II" title="Papa Agapito II">Agapito II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XII" title="Papa Giovanni XII">Giovanni XII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_V" title="Papa Benedetto V">Benedetto V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_VIII" title="Papa Leone VIII">Leone VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XIII" title="Papa Giovanni XIII">Giovanni XIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_VI" title="Papa Benedetto VI">Benedetto VI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_VII" title="Papa Benedetto VII">Benedetto VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XIV" title="Papa Giovanni XIV">Giovanni XIV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XV" title="Papa Giovanni XV">Giovanni XV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_V" title="Papa Gregorio V">Gregorio V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Silvestro_II" title="Papa Silvestro II">Silvestro II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XVII" title="Papa Giovanni XVII">Giovanni XVII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XVIII" title="Papa Giovanni XVIII">Giovanni XVIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sergio_IV" title="Papa Sergio IV">Sergio IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_VIII" title="Papa Benedetto VIII">Benedetto VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XIX" title="Papa Giovanni XIX">Giovanni XIX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_IX" title="Papa Benedetto IX">Benedetto IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Silvestro_III" title="Papa Silvestro III">Silvestro III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_IX" title="Papa Benedetto IX">Benedetto IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_VI" title="Papa Gregorio VI">Gregorio VI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_II" title="Papa Clemente II">Clemente II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_IX" title="Papa Benedetto IX">Benedetto IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Damaso_II" title="Papa Damaso II">Damaso II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_IX" title="Papa Leone IX">Leone IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Vittore_II" title="Papa Vittore II">Vittore II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stefano_IX" title="Papa Stefano IX">Stefano IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_II" title="Papa Niccolò II">Niccolò II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alessandro II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_VII" title="Papa Gregorio VII">Gregorio VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Vittore_III" title="Papa Vittore III">Vittore III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Urbano_II" title="Papa Urbano II">Urbano II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pasquale_II" title="Papa Pasquale II">Pasquale II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gelasio_II" title="Papa Gelasio II">Gelasio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Callisto_II" title="Papa Callisto II">Callisto II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Onorio_II" title="Papa Onorio II">Onorio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_II" title="Papa Innocenzo II">Innocenzo II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Celestino_II" title="Papa Celestino II">Celestino II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Lucio_II" title="Papa Lucio II">Lucio II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Eugenio_III" title="Papa Eugenio III">Eugenio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Anastasio_IV" title="Papa Anastasio IV">Anastasio IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Adriano_IV" title="Papa Adriano IV">Adriano IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Alessandro_III" title="Papa Alessandro III">Alessandro III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Lucio_III" title="Papa Lucio III">Lucio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Urbano_III" title="Papa Urbano III">Urbano III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_VIII" title="Papa Gregorio VIII">Gregorio VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_III" title="Papa Clemente III">Clemente III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Celestino_III" title="Papa Celestino III">Celestino III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_III" title="Papa Innocenzo III">Innocenzo III</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#FFE8BF; text-align:center; border:2px solid#F0D060; width:8em; font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/XIII_secolo" title="XIII secolo">XIII</a>-<a href="/wiki/XVI_secolo" title="XVI secolo">XVI secolo</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Papa_Onorio_III" title="Papa Onorio III">Onorio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_IX" title="Papa Gregorio IX">Gregorio IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Celestino_IV" title="Papa Celestino IV">Celestino IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_IV" title="Papa Innocenzo IV">Innocenzo IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Alessandro_IV" title="Papa Alessandro IV">Alessandro IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Urbano_IV" title="Papa Urbano IV">Urbano IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_IV" title="Papa Clemente IV">Clemente IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_X" title="Papa Gregorio X">Gregorio X</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_V" title="Papa Innocenzo V">Innocenzo V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Adriano_V" title="Papa Adriano V">Adriano V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_XXI" title="Papa Giovanni XXI">Giovanni XXI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_III" title="Papa Niccolò III">Niccolò III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Martino_IV" title="Papa Martino IV">Martino IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Onorio_IV" title="Papa Onorio IV">Onorio IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_IV" title="Papa Niccolò IV">Niccolò IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Celestino_V" title="Papa Celestino V">Celestino V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bonifacio_VIII" title="Papa Bonifacio VIII">Bonifacio VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_XI" title="Papa Benedetto XI">Benedetto XI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a 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href="/wiki/Papa_Adriano_VI" title="Papa Adriano VI">Adriano VI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_VII" title="Papa Clemente VII">Clemente VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Paolo_III" title="Papa Paolo III">Paolo III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giulio_III" title="Papa Giulio III">Giulio III</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Marcello_II" title="Papa Marcello II">Marcello II</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Paolo_IV" title="Papa Paolo IV">Paolo IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pio_IV" title="Papa Pio IV">Pio IV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pio_V" title="Papa Pio V">Pio V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_XIII" title="Papa Gregorio XIII">Gregorio XIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sisto_V" title="Papa Sisto V">Sisto V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Urbano_VII" title="Papa Urbano VII">Urbano VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_XIV" title="Papa Gregorio XIV">Gregorio XIV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_IX" title="Papa Innocenzo IX">Innocenzo IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_VIII" title="Papa Clemente VIII">Clemente VIII</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="background:#FFE8BF; text-align:center; border:2px solid#F0D060; width:8em; font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/XVII_secolo" title="XVII secolo">XVII</a>-<a href="/wiki/XX_secolo" title="XX secolo">XX secolo</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Papa_Leone_XI" title="Papa Leone XI">Leone XI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Paolo_V" title="Papa Paolo V">Paolo V</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregorio_XV" title="Papa Gregorio XV">Gregorio XV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Urbano_VIII" title="Papa Urbano VIII">Urbano VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_X" title="Papa Innocenzo X">Innocenzo X</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Alessandro_VII" title="Papa Alessandro VII">Alessandro VII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_IX" title="Papa Clemente IX">Clemente IX</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_X" title="Papa Clemente X">Clemente X</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_XI" title="Papa Innocenzo XI">Innocenzo XI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Alessandro_VIII" title="Papa Alessandro VIII">Alessandro VIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_XII" title="Papa Innocenzo XII">Innocenzo XII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_XI" title="Papa Clemente XI">Clemente XI</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Innocenzo_XIII" title="Papa Innocenzo XIII">Innocenzo XIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_XIII" title="Papa Benedetto XIII">Benedetto XIII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_XII" title="Papa Clemente XII">Clemente XII</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Benedetto_XIV" title="Papa Benedetto XIV">Benedetto XIV</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clemente_XIII" title="Papa 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class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thesaurus.cerl.org/record/cnp01466988">cnp01466988</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nb2007019189">nb2007019189</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118501836">118501836</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX1440260">XX1440260</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX1440260">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12068949f">cb12068949f</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12068949f">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;oldid=140409111">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Papa_Alessandro_II&amp;oldid=140409111</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Papi_italiani" title="Categoria:Papi italiani">Papi italiani</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Vescovi_cattolici_italiani_dell%27XI_secolo" title="Categoria:Vescovi cattolici italiani dell&#039;XI secolo">Vescovi cattolici italiani dell'XI secolo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Morti_nel_1073" title="Categoria:Morti nel 1073">Morti nel 1073</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Morti_il_21_aprile" title="Categoria:Morti il 21 aprile">Morti il 21 aprile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nati_a_Milano" title="Categoria:Nati a Milano">Nati a Milano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Morti_a_Roma" title="Categoria:Morti a Roma">Morti a Roma</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Papi_della_Chiesa_cattolica" title="Categoria:Papi della Chiesa cattolica">Papi della Chiesa cattolica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Vescovi_e_arcivescovi_di_Lucca" title="Categoria:Vescovi e arcivescovi di Lucca">Vescovi e arcivescovi di Lucca</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Sepolti_nella_basilica_di_San_Giovanni_in_Laterano" title="Categoria:Sepolti nella basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano">Sepolti nella basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano</a></li></ul></div><div 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title="Categoria:Voci con codice BAV">Voci con codice BAV</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_CERL" title="Categoria:Voci con codice CERL">Voci con codice CERL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_GND" title="Categoria:Voci con codice GND">Voci con codice GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNE" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNE">Voci con codice BNE</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_J9U" title="Categoria:Voci con codice J9U">Voci con codice J9U</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pagine_che_utilizzano_collegamenti_magici_ISBN" title="Categoria:Pagine che utilizzano collegamenti magici ISBN">Pagine che utilizzano collegamenti magici ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il&#160;29 lug 2024 alle 02:53.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; possono applicarsi condizioni ulteriori. 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