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for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-葡萄牙殖民的背景" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#葡萄牙殖民的背景"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>葡萄牙殖民的背景</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-葡萄牙殖民的背景-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关葡萄牙殖民的背景子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-葡萄牙殖民的背景-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-果阿當地對葡萄牙統治的反抗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#果阿當地對葡萄牙統治的反抗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>果阿當地對葡萄牙統治的反抗</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-果阿當地對葡萄牙統治的反抗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外交途徑解決果阿爭議的努力" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外交途徑解決果阿爭議的努力"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>外交途徑解決果阿爭議的努力</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外交途徑解決果阿爭議的努力-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-衝突爆發之前的事件" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#衝突爆發之前的事件"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>衝突爆發之前的事件</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-衝突爆發之前的事件-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关衝突爆發之前的事件子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-衝突爆發之前的事件-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-印度軍事準備" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#印度軍事準備"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>印度軍事準備</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-印度軍事準備-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-葡方軍事準備" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#葡方軍事準備"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>葡方軍事準備</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-葡方軍事準備-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-疏散葡萄牙平民" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#疏散葡萄牙平民"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>疏散葡萄牙平民</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-疏散葡萄牙平民-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-印度偵察行動" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#印度偵察行動"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>印度偵察行動</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-印度偵察行動-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-敵對行動的開始" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#敵對行動的開始"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>敵對行動的開始</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-敵對行動的開始-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关敵對行動的開始子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-敵對行動的開始-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-印軍空襲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#印軍空襲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>印軍空襲</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-印軍空襲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-海戰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#海戰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>海戰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-海戰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-印軍襲擊安吉迪烏諸島" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#印軍襲擊安吉迪烏諸島"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>印軍襲擊安吉迪烏諸島</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-印軍襲擊安吉迪烏諸島-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-莫尔穆冈港海戰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#莫尔穆冈港海戰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>莫尔穆冈港海戰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-莫尔穆冈港海戰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-第烏海上行動" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#第烏海上行動"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>第烏海上行動</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-第烏海上行動-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-達曼的海上行動" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#達曼的海上行動"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>達曼的海上行動</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-達曼的海上行動-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地面戰爭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地面戰爭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>地面戰爭</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地面戰爭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-攻擊果阿：北與東北方面" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#攻擊果阿：北與東北方面"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>攻擊果阿：北與東北方面</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-攻擊果阿：北與東北方面-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-進攻達曼" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#進攻達曼"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>進攻達曼</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-進攻達曼-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-進攻第烏" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#進攻第烏"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>進攻第烏</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-進攻第烏-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-葡萄牙投降" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#葡萄牙投降"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>葡萄牙投降</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-葡萄牙投降-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-國際反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#國際反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>國際反應</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-國際反應-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关國際反應子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-國際反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-葡萄牙在敵對行動結束之後的作為" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#葡萄牙在敵對行動結束之後的作為"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>葡萄牙在敵對行動結束之後的作為</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-葡萄牙在敵對行動結束之後的作為-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-美國的反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美國的反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>美國的反應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美國的反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-蘇聯的反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#蘇聯的反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>蘇聯的反應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-蘇聯的反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中華人民共和國的反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中華人民共和國的反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>中華人民共和國的反應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中華人民共和國的反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-巴基斯坦的反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#巴基斯坦的反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>巴基斯坦的反應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-巴基斯坦的反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-非洲諸國的反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#非洲諸國的反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>非洲諸國的反應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-非洲諸國的反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-影片" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#影片"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>影片</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-影片-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参考文献子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1961年果阿并入印度</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。27种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7" title="حرب غوا – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حرب غوا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B0" title="Індыйская анексія Гоа – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Індыйская анексія Гоа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%B2" title="ভারত কর্তৃক গোয়া দখল – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভারত কর্তৃক গোয়া দখল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invaze_do_Goy" title="Invaze do Goy – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Invaze do Goy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annexation_of_Goa" title="Annexation of Goa – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Annexation of Goa" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexi%C3%B3n_de_Goa_de_1961" title="Anexión de Goa de 1961 – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexión de Goa de 1961" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goaren_deskolonizazioa_(1961)" title="Goaren deskolonizazioa (1961) – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Goaren deskolonizazioa (1961)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaatio_Vijay" title="Operaatio Vijay – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Operaatio Vijay" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_de_Goa" title="Invasion de Goa – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Invasion de Goa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="गोवा की मुक्ति – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गोवा की मुक्ति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasi_Goa" title="Invasi Goa – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Invasi Goa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annessione_indiana_di_Goa" title="Annessione indiana di Goa – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Annessione indiana di Goa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B4%E3%82%A2%E4%BD%B5%E5%90%88" title="ゴア併合 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゴア併合" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1961%EB%85%84_%EA%B3%A0%EC%95%84_%EB%B3%91%ED%95%A9" title="1961년 고아 병합 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1961년 고아 병합" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D_(1961)" title="ഓപ്പറേഷൻ വിജയ് (1961) – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓപ്പറേഷൻ വിജയ് (1961)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indias_annektering_av_Goa" title="Indias annektering av Goa – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Indias annektering av Goa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_de_Goa" title="Invasion de Goa – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Invasion de Goa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਗੋਆ ਤੇ ਕਬਜ਼ਾ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੋਆ ਤੇ ਕਬਜ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%8F%D8%AA%DB%92_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B6%DB%81" title="بھارت دا گوا اُتے قبضہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھارت دا گوا اُتے قبضہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invas%C3%A3o_de_Goa" title="Invasão de Goa – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Invasão de Goa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B0_(1961)" title="Индийская аннексия Гоа (1961) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Индийская аннексия Гоа (1961)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aneksija_Goe" title="Aneksija Goe – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aneksija Goe" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aneksimi_i_Goas" title="Aneksimi i Goas – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Aneksimi i Goas" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiska_annekteringen_av_Goa" title="Indiska annekteringen av Goa – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Indiska annekteringen av Goa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="கோவா படையெடுப்பு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோவா படையெடுப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="గోవా విలీనం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గోవా విలీనం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B0" title="Анексія Гоа – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Анексія Гоа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q626191#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hant-MO" 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-问题条目 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="Talk:1961年果阿并入印度">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Expand plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antistub.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/44px-Antistub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/66px-Antistub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/88px-Antistub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要擴充。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2014年5月22日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请協助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit">改善这篇條目</a>，更進一步的信息可能會在<a href="/wiki/Talk:1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="Talk:1961年果阿并入印度">討論頁</a>或<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%89%A9%E5%85%85%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82" title="Wikipedia:扩充请求">扩充请求</a>中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>缺少有關</b><u>戰爭過程及戰後</u>的信息。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2020年7月4日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small><span class="skin-invert" style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:105%;;background-color:transparent;;">請<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit">擴充此條目</a>相關信息。<a href="/wiki/Talk:1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="Talk:1961年果阿并入印度">討論頁</a>可能有詳細細節。</span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-3a16cbfd" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hk:果阿;zh-cn:果阿;zh-tw:果亞;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70578162">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:315px;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;font-size:100%">1961年果阿并入印度</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="text-align:left; font-size:small; line-height:1.5em;;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap">日期</th><td>1961年12月18日至19日</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap">地点</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="葡屬印度">葡屬印度</a>及其所屬的領海領空</div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap">结果</th><td class="status"> 印度決定性勝利，<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="葡屬印度">葡屬印度</a>領土併入<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="印度共和國">印度共和國</a>。</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">参战方</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙"><img alt="葡萄牙" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="葡萄牙第二共和國">葡萄牙</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度"><img alt="印度" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">指挥官与领导者</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Portuguese_Colony_Governor.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portuguese_Colony_Governor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Portuguese_Colony_Governor.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portuguese_Colony_Governor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Portuguese_Colony_Governor.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portuguese_Colony_Governor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="葡屬印度">葡屬印度</a>總督<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瓦萨罗·席尔瓦" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Manuel António Vassalo e Silva"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%A6%E8%90%A8%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%B8%AD%E5%B0%94%E7%93%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瓦萨罗·席尔瓦（页面不存在）">瓦萨罗·席尔瓦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Ant%C3%B3nio_Vassalo_e_Silva" class="extiw" title="en:Manuel António Vassalo e Silva"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Manuel António Vassalo e Silva</span></a></span>）</span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙"><img alt="葡萄牙" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="葡萄牙總理">葡萄牙總理</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="萨拉查">萨拉查</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度"><img alt="印度" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="昆希拉曼·坎德斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="K. P. Candeth"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%86%E5%B8%8C%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E5%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="昆希拉曼·坎德斯（页面不存在）">昆希拉曼·坎德斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._P._Candeth" class="extiw" title="en:K. P. Candeth"><span lang="en" dir="auto">K. P. Candeth</span></a></span>）</span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度"><img alt="印度" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 空軍副元帥<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃里克·平托" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Erlic Pinto"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%B9%B3%E6%89%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃里克·平托（页面不存在）">埃里克·平托</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlic_Pinto" class="extiw" title="en:Erlic Pinto"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Erlic Pinto</span></a></span>）</span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度"><img alt="印度" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E4%BB%80%E9%82%A3%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%86%9C" title="克里什那·梅农">克里什那·梅农</a> <br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度"><img alt="印度" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="印度總理">印度總理</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E8%B5%AB%E9%AD%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="尼赫魯">尼赫魯</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">兵力</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> 3,995名陸軍<br />200名海軍<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A1%E9%98%B2%E8%89%A6" title="巡防艦">巡防艦</a>一艘<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A1%E9%82%8F%E8%89%87" title="巡邏艇">巡邏艇</a>三艘</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> 45,000名步兵<br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%BB%E5%9E%8B%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%88%B0" title="轻型航空母舰">輕型航空母艦</a>兩艘<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A1%E6%B4%8B%E8%89%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="巡洋艦">巡洋艦</a>兩艘<br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%85%E9%80%90%E8%89%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="驅逐艦">驅逐艦</a>一艘<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A1%E9%98%B2%E8%89%A6" title="巡防艦">巡防艦</a>八艘<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%83%E9%9B%B7%E8%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="掃雷艇">掃雷艇</a>四艘<br /><a href="/wiki/B-57%E8%BD%B0%E7%82%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="B-57轰炸机">B-57轟炸機</a>二十架<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E8%A1%80%E9%AC%BC%E6%88%B0%E9%AC%A5%E6%A9%9F" title="吸血鬼戰鬥機">吸血鬼戰鬥機</a>六架<br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="霍克颱風戰鬥機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hawker Tempest"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%8B%E9%A2%B1%E9%A2%A8%E6%88%B0%E9%AC%A5%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="霍克颱風戰鬥機（页面不存在）">霍克颱風戰鬥機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Tempest" class="extiw" title="en:Hawker Tempest"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hawker Tempest</span></a></span>）</span></span>六架<br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%8B%E7%8D%B5%E6%89%8B%E6%88%B0%E9%AC%A5%E6%A9%9F" title="霍克獵手戰鬥機">霍克獵手戰鬥機</a>六架<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BB%E5%BD%B1IV%E5%BC%8F%E8%BD%B0%E7%82%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="幻影IV式轰炸机">幻影IV式轟炸機</a>四架</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">伤亡与损失</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> 30人陣亡<sup id="cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Major_K_C_Praval-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />57人受傷<sup id="cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Major_K_C_Praval-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />3,668人被俘<sup id="cite_ref-Azaredo_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azaredo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />巡防艦一艘失去戰鬥能力<sup id="cite_ref-areamilitar.net_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-areamilitar.net-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> 22人陣亡<sup id="cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Major_K_C_Praval-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />54人受傷<sup id="cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Major_K_C_Praval-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>1961年果阿并入印度</b>指的是1961年<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="印度軍事">軍隊</a>為結束<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>對<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="葡屬印度">葡屬印度</a>之統治而採取的一次行動。印度從陸海空三面攻擊持續長達36個小時，最終取得決定性勝利，並終結了<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="果阿">果阿</a>長達451年的葡萄牙殖民統治，22名印度人與30名葡萄牙人在此次交戰中喪生<sup id="cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Major_K_C_Praval-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。這場衝突雖短，卻在世界範圍內引起了毀譽兩極的反映。印度視其為對<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="印度歷史">印度歷史</a>領土的收復，而<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>則視之為對自己國土的侵犯，兩國因此斷交，直到1974年<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E4%B9%83%E9%A6%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="康乃馨革命">康乃馨革命</a>後才改善。 </p><p>印度將這場軍事行動稱爲「<b>勝利作戰行動</b>」（ऑपरेशन विजय）<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、「<b>解放果阿</b>」（गोवा की मुक्ति）<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；葡萄牙稱「<b>果阿侵略</b>」（Invasão de Goa）。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="葡萄牙殖民的背景"><span id=".E8.91.A1.E8.90.84.E7.89.99.E6.AE.96.E6.B0.91.E7.9A.84.E8.83.8C.E6.99.AF"></span>葡萄牙殖民的背景</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：葡萄牙殖民的背景"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1947年當<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" class="mw-redirect" title="印度自治領">印度自治領</a>從大英帝國獨立後，<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>仍然在印度次大陸據有<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="果阿">果阿</a>地區、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E6%9B%BC-%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%8C" title="达曼-第乌">达曼-第乌</a>地區、以及<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89-%E7%BA%B3%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="达德拉-纳加尔哈维利">达德拉-纳加尔哈维利</a>這三塊領地，三地統稱為<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="葡屬印度">葡屬印度</a>。果阿、达曼和第乌三者共佔地1,540平方英里（4,000平方公里），有人口637,591人。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%95%A3" title="流散">流散</a>在各地的果阿人估計有175,000人（包括印度自治领境內的100,000人）。<sup id="cite_ref-Kay_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kay-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>宗教分佈情況是61%印度教，36.7%基督教（多數是天主教），2.2%回教<sup id="cite_ref-Kay_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kay-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>經濟上來講還是以農業為基礎，雖然1940到1950年代採礦業小有增長，主要是<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E7%A4%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵礦">鐵礦</a>，也有<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="錳">錳</a>礦。<sup id="cite_ref-Kay_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kay-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="果阿當地對葡萄牙統治的反抗"><span id=".E6.9E.9C.E9.98.BF.E7.95.B6.E5.9C.B0.E5.B0.8D.E8.91.A1.E8.90.84.E7.89.99.E7.B5.B1.E6.B2.BB.E7.9A.84.E5.8F.8D.E6.8A.97"></span>果阿當地對葡萄牙統治的反抗</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：果阿當地對葡萄牙統治的反抗"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="果阿解放運動（页面不存在）">果阿解放運動</a></div> <p>20世紀果阿對葡萄牙統治的反抗先驅者是一名在法國受教育的果阿工程師特里斯坦·德·布拉干萨·库尼亚。此人在1928年在葡屬印度設立了果阿國大黨委員會。他寫了一部小書叫《外國統治四百年》，以及一本叫《果阿的淪陷》的小書，試圖激起果阿人對葡萄牙統治壓迫的觀感。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="印度独立运动">印度獨立運動</a>的領袖人物如<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E9%87%91%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%E5%BE%B7" title="拉金德拉·普拉萨德">拉金德拉·普拉萨德</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E8%B5%AB%E9%AD%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="尼赫魯">尼赫魯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%92%B1%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%B2%8D%E6%96%AF" title="苏巴斯·钱德拉·鲍斯">苏巴斯·钱德拉·鲍斯</a>等人都對果阿國大黨委員會發出了表示團結的訊息。1938年10月12日，德·库尼亚和果阿國大黨的其他成員會見了國大黨主席<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%92%B1%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%B2%8D%E6%96%AF" title="苏巴斯·钱德拉·鲍斯">苏巴斯·钱德拉·鲍斯</a>。在他鮑斯建議下，他在孟買孟買達拉爾街21號開設了一間支部。果阿國大黨也就自此依附於印度國大黨，被任命為該黨第一任主席，<sup id="cite_ref-Frank_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frank-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1946年6月，印度社會黨領導人Ram Manohar Lohia博士，去果阿探望他的友人，民族主義領導人Julião Menezes博士（此人在孟买辦了一個月刊，叫《Gomantak Praja Mandal》，簡稱《Gomantak》），Da Cunha和其他領導人也在場。<sup id="cite_ref-Frank_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frank-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Ram Manohar Lohia鼓吹使用甘地式的非暴力手段來反抗政府。<sup id="cite_ref-goacom_lambert_m_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goacom_lambert_m-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>1946年6月18日，由於先前葡萄牙政府禁止在公共場合聚會，Lohia、Cunha、Purushottam Kakodkar以及Laxmikant Bhembre等人在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89" title="帕纳吉">帕纳吉</a>發起了一場示威，以抗議葡萄牙政府暫停行使果阿市民民權，葡萄牙政府鎮壓的這場示威並將上述發起者逮捕。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>該年從六月到九月都一直斷斷續續有大規模示威。 </p><p>非暴力示威之外，武裝團體如“果阿自由黨”（Azad Gomantak Dal，The Free Goa Party）和“果阿人聯合陣線”（the United Front of Goans）也成經發起過暴力攻擊，以削弱葡萄牙在果阿的統治。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>印度政府支持“果阿自由黨”之類武裝團體的建立，給予全面的財政、後勤、以及軍火援助。武裝團體以印度境內的基地為依託展開行動，所有行動有印度警方掩護。通過這些武裝組織，印度政府企圖摧毀葡印境內經濟目標、電報電話線、道路、水道與鐵路運輸，以拖垮葡印境內的經濟活動，好為葡印境內人口大起義創造條件。<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>曾在果阿服役過的葡萄牙陸軍上尉（現在是退休的將軍級別軍官）Carlos Azaredo在接受報紙《O Expresso》採訪時曾評論這些武裝抵抗活動：“與一般的說法不同，我們部隊遭遇到的最老練的遊擊戰爭是在果阿。我知道我在說什麼，因為我也在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89" title="安哥拉">安哥拉</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E" title="葡屬幾內亞">葡屬幾內亞</a>打過仗。”光是在1961年，截止12月，就有80名警察殉職。“果阿自由黨”恐怖分子大部分不是果阿人，許多都曾經在在英軍<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%93%A5%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="蒙哥馬利">蒙哥馬利</a>帳下服役，跟德國人（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%BB%8D%E5%9C%98" class="mw-redirect" title="非洲軍團">非洲軍團</a>）打過仗。”<sup id="cite_ref-Azaredo_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azaredo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="外交途徑解決果阿爭議的努力"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E4.BA.A4.E9.80.94.E5.BE.91.E8.A7.A3.E6.B1.BA.E6.9E.9C.E9.98.BF.E7.88.AD.E8.AD.B0.E7.9A.84.E5.8A.AA.E5.8A.9B"></span>外交途徑解決果阿爭議的努力</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：外交途徑解決果阿爭議的努力"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%EF%BC%8D%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" class="mw-redirect" title="印度－葡萄牙關係">印度－葡萄牙關係</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Administrative_map_of_Goa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Administrative_map_of_Goa.png/220px-Administrative_map_of_Goa.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Administrative_map_of_Goa.png/330px-Administrative_map_of_Goa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Administrative_map_of_Goa.png/440px-Administrative_map_of_Goa.png 2x" data-file-width="808" data-file-height="1298" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8" title="印度西部">印度西部</a>的果阿</figcaption></figure> <p>1950年2月27日，印度政府要求葡萄牙政府就葡萄牙在印度殖民地的前景開始談判。<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>葡萄牙堅持她在印度次大陸上的領土不是殖民地而是葡萄牙本土的一部分，所以沒得談；葡萄牙同時也堅稱印度對果阿毫無權利，因為在這些領土成為葡國一部分時，印度共和國還不存在。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>由於葡國政府拒絕回應印方在這一問題上發出的備忘錄，印度政府於1953年6月11日從里斯本撤回外交使團。<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>到了1954年，印度共和國開始制定對果阿居民進入印度的簽證管制：此舉癱瘓了果阿和達曼、第烏、达德拉、纳加尔哈维利等飛地的交通。 <sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 同年，印度碼頭工人聯盟開始對通往葡屬印度的船運實施<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%B5%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="抵制">抵制</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在1954在7月22日到8月2日間，武裝份子襲擊了在达德拉、纳加尔哈维利兩地的葡萄牙守軍並迫使其投降。<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1955年8月15日，3000到5000名非武裝印度活動者<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>試圖於六處進入果阿，結果被葡國警方暴力折返造成21<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>到30<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>人死亡。<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>這場大屠殺的消息有助於建立起印度民眾反對葡萄牙存在的公眾輿論。<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>1955年9月1日，印度關閉了它在果阿的領事館。 <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1956年，葡萄牙駐法大使Marcello Mathias以及葡萄牙總理<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="薩拉查">薩拉查</a>主張在果阿進行全民公決來決定它的未來。該提議卻被葡國國防部長和外交部長否決。1957年，總統候選人<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E8%B4%9D%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0%E5%A4%9A" title="温贝托·德尔加多">温贝托·德尔加多</a>將軍又提出過一次公民表決提議。<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>驚覺印度已暗示要用武力手段解決葡萄牙在果阿的存在的葡萄牙總理<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="薩拉查">薩拉查</a>先是請求英國調停，又通過<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a>向印度抗議，最後要求聯合國安理會插手干預。<sup id="cite_ref-ComradesatOdds_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComradesatOdds-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a>向印度政府提出要用自身在拉美的影響力來向葡萄牙施壓，以緩解緊張情勢<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 與此同時，印度防長和駐聯合國使團首長<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E4%BB%80%E9%82%A3%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%86%9C" title="克里什那·梅农">克里什那·梅农</a>表示用不確定的措辭表達了印度对果阿“不放棄使用武力”的立場。<sup id="cite_ref-ComradesatOdds_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComradesatOdds-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>駐印大使<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF" title="約翰·加爾布雷斯">約翰·加爾布雷斯</a>在多個場合要求印度政府通過調節和共識和平解決果阿問題。<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>最終，在入侵前九天的1961年12月10日，尼赫魯告訴媒體：“果阿繼續置於葡萄牙統治之下是不可能的。”<sup id="cite_ref-ComradesatOdds_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComradesatOdds-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>美國的反應是警告印度如果印度的武裝行為被提交安理會，美國不會給印度提供任何協助。<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1961年11月24日，一艘名叫Sabarmati號的運客船在通過葡屬<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安吉第烏島" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Anjediva Island"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%90%89%E7%AC%AC%E7%83%8F%E5%B3%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安吉第烏島（页面不存在）">安吉第烏島</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjediva_Island" class="extiw" title="en:Anjediva Island"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Anjediva Island</span></a></span>）</span></span>和印屬<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E6%9E%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="柯枝">柯枝</a>之間時被葡軍射擊，導致該船一死一傷。射擊是因為葡方恐懼該船可能載有一支軍事<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%B0" title="登陸作戰">登陸隊</a>要來偷襲安島。<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated3_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span title="自2011-06警告！这个参考文献需要页码">页码请求</span></a>]</sup>該事件使得印度民眾廣泛支持對果阿採取軍事行動。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="衝突爆發之前的事件"><span id=".E8.A1.9D.E7.AA.81.E7.88.86.E7.99.BC.E4.B9.8B.E5.89.8D.E7.9A.84.E4.BA.8B.E4.BB.B6"></span>衝突爆發之前的事件</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：衝突爆發之前的事件"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="印度軍事準備"><span id=".E5.8D.B0.E5.BA.A6.E8.BB.8D.E4.BA.8B.E6.BA.96.E5.82.99"></span>印度軍事準備</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：印度軍事準備"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在收到政府對軍事行動的批准令以及奪取一切被佔領地區的命令後，印度南部集團軍Chaudhari中將部署了K.P. Candeth少將麾下的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E6%AD%A5%E5%85%B5%E5%B8%AB%EF%BC%88%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第十七步兵師（印度）（页面不存在）">步兵第十七師</a>部署在和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%82%98%E5%85%B5%E6%97%85%EF%BC%88%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第五十傘兵旅（印度）（页面不存在）">傘兵第五十旅</a>。對於達曼的攻擊交給了马拉地第一輕步兵營，對於第烏的攻擊交給了<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E5%85%B6%E6%99%AE%E7%89%B9%E7%AC%AC20%E7%87%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉其普特第20營（页面不存在）">拉其普特第20營</a>以及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E7%AC%AC4%E7%87%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬德拉斯第4營（页面不存在）">馬德拉斯第4營</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>同時，印度<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="空軍西部司令部" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Western Air Command, Indian Air Force"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E9%83%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空軍西部司令部（页面不存在）">空軍西部司令部</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Air_Command,_Indian_Air_Force" class="extiw" title="en:Western Air Command, Indian Air Force"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Western Air Command, Indian Air Force</span></a></span>）</span></span>司令官空軍副元帥Erlic Pinto被任命為果阿行動所有空軍力量的總指揮。進攻果阿空軍力量集中於<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%A6%E5%A8%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="浦娜（页面不存在）">浦娜</a>以及<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Sambra" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sambra"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sambra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sambra（页面不存在）">Sambra</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambra" class="extiw" title="en:Sambra"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sambra</span></a></span>）</span></span>幾處的空軍基地。<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>印度海軍向果阿沿岸派遣軍艦兩艘：R級驅逐艦<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉其普特號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Rajput"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E5%85%B6%E6%99%AE%E7%89%B9%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉其普特號（页面不存在）">拉其普特號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Rajput" class="extiw" title="en:INS Rajput"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Rajput</span></a></span>）</span></span>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E6%9C%A8%E7%B4%9A%E5%8F%8D%E6%BD%9B%E5%B7%A1%E9%98%B2%E8%89%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黑木級反潛巡防艦（页面不存在）">黑木級反潛巡防艦</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Kirpan號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Kirpan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirpan%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirpan號（页面不存在）">Kirpan號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Kirpan" class="extiw" title="en:INS Kirpan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Kirpan</span></a></span>）</span></span>。實際任務被分配到四個特遣艦隊裏：一個五艘船的水面行動小組：<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Mysore號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Mysore"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mysore%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mysore號（页面不存在）">Mysore號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Mysore" class="extiw" title="en:INS Mysore"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Mysore</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Trishul號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Trishul"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trishul%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trishul號（页面不存在）">Trishul號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Trishul" class="extiw" title="en:INS Trishul"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Trishul</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Betwa號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Betwa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betwa%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betwa號（页面不存在）">Betwa號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Betwa" class="extiw" title="en:INS Betwa"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Betwa</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Beas號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Beas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beas%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beas號（页面不存在）">Beas號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Beas" class="extiw" title="en:INS Beas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Beas</span></a></span>）</span></span>以及<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Cauvery號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Cauvery"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cauvery%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cauvery號（页面不存在）">Cauvery號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Cauvery" class="extiw" title="en:INS Cauvery"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Cauvery</span></a></span>）</span></span>，五艘船的航母隊：<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Delhi號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Delhi (1948)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Delhi%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delhi號（页面不存在）">Delhi號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Delhi_(1948)" class="extiw" title="en:INS Delhi (1948)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Delhi (1948)</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Kuthar號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Kuthar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuthar%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuthar號（页面不存在）">Kuthar號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Kuthar" class="extiw" title="en:INS Kuthar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Kuthar</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<i>Kirpan</i>號、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Khukri號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Khukri"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khukri%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khukri號（页面不存在）">Khukri號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Khukri" class="extiw" title="en:INS Khukri"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Khukri</span></a></span>）</span></span>和<i>Rajput</i>以及輕型航母<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Vikrant號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Vikrant"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikrant%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vikrant號（页面不存在）">Vikrant號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Vikrant" class="extiw" title="en:INS Vikrant"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Vikrant</span></a></span>）</span></span>；一個掃雷艇小組<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Karwar號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Karwar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karwar%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karwar號（页面不存在）">Karwar號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Karwar" class="extiw" title="en:INS Karwar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Karwar</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Kakinada號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Kakinada"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kakinada%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kakinada號（页面不存在）">Kakinada號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Kakinada" class="extiw" title="en:INS Kakinada"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Kakinada</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Cannonore號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Cannonore"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannonore%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cannonore號（页面不存在）">Cannonore號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Cannonore" class="extiw" title="en:INS Cannonore"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Cannonore</span></a></span>）</span></span>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Bimilipatan號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Bimilipatan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bimilipatan%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bimilipatan號（页面不存在）">Bimilipatan號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Bimilipatan" class="extiw" title="en:INS Bimilipatan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Bimilipatan</span></a></span>）</span></span> 以及一個支援小組包括<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Dharini號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="INS Dharini"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dharini%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dharini號（页面不存在）">Dharini號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INS_Dharini" class="extiw" title="en:INS Dharini"><span lang="en" dir="auto">INS Dharini</span></a></span>）</span></span>。<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="葡方軍事準備"><span id=".E8.91.A1.E6.96.B9.E8.BB.8D.E4.BA.8B.E6.BA.96.E5.82.99"></span>葡方軍事準備</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：葡方軍事準備"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>12月14日，葡萄牙总理萨拉查急电果阿总督瓦萨罗·席尔瓦，要求葡军战至最后一人。葡军就此展开备战，4艘葡萄牙护卫舰被部署到果阿、达曼和第乌附近海面，5艘商船和一些巡逻艇也被征用。葡陆军有3300名欧洲官兵和900名当地士兵，他们大多缺乏训练。此外葡军还有2000名警察可用。 </p><p>葡军制定的策略是死守莫尔穆冈港，战斗一打响就炸毁所有桥梁，并在主要干道埋地雷，迟滞印军推进。不过，葡军储备的地雷和炸药并不多。印度起先认为葡军有一个装备F-86战机的空军中队，但事实证明情报是错误的，葡军在果阿只有2架运输机。葡军用于防空的部队也只有2个高炮连。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="疏散葡萄牙平民"><span id=".E7.96.8F.E6.95.A3.E8.91.A1.E8.90.84.E7.89.99.E5.B9.B3.E6.B0.91"></span>疏散葡萄牙平民</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：疏散葡萄牙平民"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>从12月9日起，大批具有欧洲血统的平民逐渐撤回里斯本，这场大撤退持续到印军空袭为止。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="印度偵察行動"><span id=".E5.8D.B0.E5.BA.A6.E5.81.B5.E5.AF.9F.E8.A1.8C.E5.8B.95"></span>印度偵察行動</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：印度偵察行動"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>12月1日，印军开始进行小规模侦察，真正的战斗则在12月18日打响。18日4时，葡军巡逻艇在第乌海域发现印军舰队，随后遭到印舰攻击，葡艇慌忙逃回基地。此时，葡军尚未意识到决战即将爆发。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="敵對行動的開始"><span id=".E6.95.B5.E5.B0.8D.E8.A1.8C.E5.8B.95.E7.9A.84.E9.96.8B.E5.A7.8B"></span>敵對行動的開始</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：敵對行動的開始"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="印軍空襲"><span id=".E5.8D.B0.E8.BB.8D.E7.A9.BA.E8.A5.B2"></span>印軍空襲</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：印軍空襲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canberra.pr9.takeoff.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Canberra.pr9.takeoff.arp.jpg/220px-Canberra.pr9.takeoff.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Canberra.pr9.takeoff.arp.jpg/330px-Canberra.pr9.takeoff.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Canberra.pr9.takeoff.arp.jpg/440px-Canberra.pr9.takeoff.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="1283" /></a><figcaption>英制堪培拉PR.9，印度空军使用了20架小型轻型堪培拉轰炸机进行空袭</figcaption></figure> <p>12月18日，印度空军空袭果阿的达波里姆机场，12架轰炸机投下大批炸弹，机场跑道被毁。一小时后，8架印军轰炸机再次袭击达波里姆机场，葡军的2架运输机被炸掉1架。随后，印度空军将空袭目标转向班布尔的无线电台，但却遭到葡军高炮连的抗击。数小时后，印度空军向达曼和第乌市区发起空袭。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="海戰"><span id=".E6.B5.B7.E6.88.B0"></span>海戰</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：海戰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="印軍襲擊安吉迪烏諸島"><span id=".E5.8D.B0.E8.BB.8D.E8.A5.B2.E6.93.8A.E5.AE.89.E5.90.89.E8.BF.AA.E7.83.8F.E8.AB.B8.E5.B3.B6"></span>印軍襲擊安吉迪烏諸島</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：印軍襲擊安吉迪烏諸島"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="莫尔穆冈港海戰"><span id=".E8.8E.AB.E5.B0.94.E7.A9.86.E5.86.88.E6.B8.AF.E6.B5.B7.E6.88.B0"></span>莫尔穆冈港海戰</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：莫尔穆冈港海戰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="第烏海上行動"><span id=".E7.AC.AC.E7.83.8F.E6.B5.B7.E4.B8.8A.E8.A1.8C.E5.8B.95"></span>第烏海上行動</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：第烏海上行動"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="達曼的海上行動"><span id=".E9.81.94.E6.9B.BC.E7.9A.84.E6.B5.B7.E4.B8.8A.E8.A1.8C.E5.8B.95"></span>達曼的海上行動</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：達曼的海上行動"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地面戰爭"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E9.9D.A2.E6.88.B0.E7.88.AD"></span>地面戰爭</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：地面戰爭"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>18日天刚亮，印军第50空降旅分为3个纵队展开进攻。东路纵队由第2马拉蒂空降团组成，经盘达镇向果阿中心推进。中路纵队由第1旁遮普空降团构成，向班拿沙里方向前进。西路纵队为主攻方向，由第2锡克轻步兵团组成，该部在6时30分突破边境线。西路纵队一路上几乎未遇抵抗，17时进抵贝蒂姆镇，离果阿首府帕纳吉仅500米。由于未得到进一步命令，第2锡克轻步兵团不敢直取帕纳吉，而是暂时在贝蒂姆镇安营扎寨。12月19日晨，第2锡克轻步兵团才接到占领帕纳吉的命令，于是，2个步兵连在7时30分进入帕纳吉，未遇抵抗。由于胜利来得太快，第50空降旅旅长苏科特·辛格准将命令部队摘掉钢盔，戴上空降旅的栗色贝雷帽，加入到当地民众的欢呼队伍中。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="攻擊果阿：北與東北方面"><span id=".E6.94.BB.E6.93.8A.E6.9E.9C.E9.98.BF.EF.BC.9A.E5.8C.97.E8.88.87.E6.9D.B1.E5.8C.97.E6.96.B9.E9.9D.A2"></span>攻擊果阿：北與東北方面</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：攻擊果阿：北與東北方面"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>18日那天，印度第63步兵旅也分成2个纵队向果阿纵深推进，右纵队以第2比哈尔团为主，左纵队以第3锡克团为主。晚上，右纵队抵达堪达普镇，左纵队则进抵达邦达拉。虽然两个纵队在进军中未遇抵抗，但他们接下来的行动却由于桥梁被葡军炸毁而停顿。第二天，左纵队跨过半胸高的小河，进抵马高(南果阿行政中心)，此时已是19日12时。从那里出发，左纵队又向莫尔穆冈港推进。莫尔穆冈港是葡军防御重点，第3锡克团在拂那村遭到葡军抵抗，印军渐渐不支，打算先行撤退，正当关键时刻，第2比哈尔团赶来支援，压制住葡军火力。面对越来越多的印军，葡萄牙守军500人选择投降。15时30分，印军占领拂那村。接着，第3锡克团进至莫尔穆冈港和达波里姆机场。在马高以南地区，印军第4拉吉普特连被葡军引入雷区，但他们成功走出这片危险区域。各方期待中的莫尔穆冈港保卫战没有打响，事实上葡军正在那里等待投降。19日20时30分，葡萄牙守军未放一枪一弹就将这个重要地区交给了印度人。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="進攻達曼"><span id=".E9.80.B2.E6.94.BB.E9.81.94.E6.9B.BC"></span>進攻達曼</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：進攻達曼"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>18日拂晓，印军马拉地第1轻步兵团进入达曼，到17时，印军兵不血刃就占领了大部分达曼地区，葡军纷纷逃往机场。第二天清晨，印军向机场发起进攻，葡军毫无斗志，至11时，600名葡萄牙守军投降。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="進攻第烏"><span id=".E9.80.B2.E6.94.BB.E7.AC.AC.E7.83.8F"></span>進攻第烏</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：進攻第烏"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>18日凌晨，印军第20拉吉普特营的2个连从西北方向攻入第乌，该营另1个连则从东北方向攻击第乌机场。出人意料的是，葡军在第乌殊死抵抗，印军始终无法前进一步，印度空军也连续轰炸葡军阵地。战至第二天，葡军弹药不足，不得不缴械投降。第乌一役，印军阵亡4人，伤14人，葡军阵亡10人，伤2人。19日下午，印军第4马德拉斯营C连在潘伊库特岛登陆，岛上13名葡萄牙守军投降。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="葡萄牙投降"><span id=".E8.91.A1.E8.90.84.E7.89.99.E6.8A.95.E9.99.8D"></span>葡萄牙投降</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：葡萄牙投降"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>到19日晚间，果阿大部被印军占领，仅2000余名葡军困守达·伽马城。葡萄牙国内要求守军“焦土抗战”，但果阿总督席尔瓦向里斯本报告了实际情况——印军数倍于己、弹药和食物严重缺乏。22时30分，席尔瓦向葡军残部宣布投降声明，总督席尔瓦签署了投降书，葡萄牙在印度次大陆长达451年的统治正式宣告结束。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="國際反應"><span id=".E5.9C.8B.E9.9A.9B.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>國際反應</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：國際反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由於當時正值<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="冷戰">冷戰</a>，外界對印度兼併果阿的態度意見不一。葡萄牙政府一直拒絕承認印度的兼併，直至1974年<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E4%B9%83%E9%A6%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="康乃馨革命">康乃馨革命</a>後，新政府上台方承認印度對果阿的主權和控制。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="葡萄牙在敵對行動結束之後的作為"><span id=".E8.91.A1.E8.90.84.E7.89.99.E5.9C.A8.E6.95.B5.E5.B0.8D.E8.A1.8C.E5.8B.95.E7.B5.90.E6.9D.9F.E4.B9.8B.E5.BE.8C.E7.9A.84.E4.BD.9C.E7.82.BA"></span>葡萄牙在敵對行動結束之後的作為</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：葡萄牙在敵對行動結束之後的作為"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>葡萄牙在此之後斷交，終止任何與印度的外交關係。 </p><p>印度當局在審問後，直接遣返回葡萄牙，1962年5月绝大部分葡萄牙战俘被遣返回国，前果阿总督席尔瓦被葡萄牙总理萨拉查流放大西洋马德拉群岛，直到1974年萨拉查被“康乃馨革命”推翻后才恢复名誉，由于战败，当年葡萄牙国内的圣诞节庆祝活动也异常低调，全国进入哀悼状态。此后，葡萄牙<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A7%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A5%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%AD%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5" title="安東尼奧·德·奧利維拉·薩拉查">萨拉查</a>政府还试图用各种手段抗议印度的占领。“康乃馨革命”推翻萨拉查政权后葡萄牙新政府也承认了印度对果阿的主权。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="美國的反應"><span id=".E7.BE.8E.E5.9C.8B.E7.9A.84.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>美國的反應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：美國的反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>美国指责印度以武力解决国际问题，時任美国常驻联合国大使<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E8%90%8A%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="阿德萊·史蒂文森二世">史蒂文森</a>发表讲话谴责印度说“联合国不能饶恕在这一事例上使用武力，因为这会为在其他冲突中使用武力铺平道路”。总统<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E8%BF%AA" title="约翰·肯尼迪">约翰·肯尼迪</a>也嘲讽印度“15年一直进行道德说教……现在说教者在走出妓院时却被逮个正着”。<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="蘇聯的反應"><span id=".E8.98.87.E8.81.AF.E7.9A.84.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>蘇聯的反應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：蘇聯的反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在果阿事件爆发的当天（12月18日），苏联最高苏维埃主席团主席<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%83%E5%88%97%E6%97%A5%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="勃列日涅夫">勃列日涅夫</a>正在印度访问，并称苏联将给予印度必要的援助。在孟买他声称“（苏联）热烈支持印度解放和统一葡萄牙飞地果阿、达曼和第乌的行动……支持废除殖民主义的一切形式和表现”。21日在在加尔各答的访问中声称“在消灭果阿、达曼和第乌的外国殖民统治的残余的正义事业中，苏联人民完全站在印度一边”。<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>而时任苏共中央总书记的赫鲁晓夫20日在给尼赫鲁祝贺的电报中说“印度政府消灭在它领土上的殖民主义堡垒的果断行动是完全合法和有理由的……苏联人民一致支持这些行动并祝贺友好的印度在巩固它的独立方面取得成功”。<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中華人民共和國的反應"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E8.8F.AF.E4.BA.BA.E6.B0.91.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9C.8B.E7.9A.84.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>中華人民共和國的反應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：中華人民共和國的反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中华人民共和国政府1961年12月19日发表了关于支持印度政府收复果阿的声明，称“果阿是印度领土的不可分割的一部分……印度政府收复果阿的行动，反映了印度人民的正义要求。对此，中国政府和中国人民表示坚决的支持”。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="巴基斯坦的反應"><span id=".E5.B7.B4.E5.9F.BA.E6.96.AF.E5.9D.A6.E7.9A.84.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>巴基斯坦的反應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：巴基斯坦的反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在與印度對立的立場下，譴責了這次的行動。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="非洲諸國的反應"><span id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.B4.B2.E8.AB.B8.E5.9C.8B.E7.9A.84.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>非洲諸國的反應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：非洲諸國的反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>埃及表示，如果再對果阿有任何的侵略，將會終止外交關係。奈及利亞則支持印度行為。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="影片"><span id=".E5.BD.B1.E7.89.87"></span>影片</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：影片"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>印度電影《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="七個印度人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Saat Hindustani"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%83%E5%80%8B%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="七個印度人（页面不存在）">七個印度人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saat_Hindustani" class="extiw" title="en:Saat Hindustani"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Saat Hindustani</span></a></span>）</span></span>》即取材於此事件。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A6" title="果阿邦">果阿邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="葡屬印度">葡屬印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%9F%E6%94%B6%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="领土收复主义">领土收复主义</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Major_K_C_Praval-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-3"><sup><b>1.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Major_K_C_Praval_1-4"><sup><b>1.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Praval, Major K.C. Indian army after Independence. New Delhi: Lancer. : 214. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-935501-10-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-935501-10-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-935501-10-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.aufirst=Major+K.C.&rft.aulast=Praval&rft.btitle=Indian+army+after+Independence&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-935501-10-7&rft.pages=214&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Lancer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Azaredo-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Azaredo_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Azaredo_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Azaredo, Carlos; Gabriel Figueiredo(translation). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101224100740/http://goancauses.com/gabriel_figueiredo/">Passage to India – 18th December 1961</a>. Passage to India – 18th December 1961. www.goancauses.com. 2001-12-08 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-02-20</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goancauses.com/gabriel_figueiredo/">原始内容</a>存档于2010-12-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.atitle=Passage+to+India+%E2%80%93+18th+December+1961&rft.au=Gabriel+Figueiredo%28translation%29&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.aulast=Azaredo&rft.date=2001-12-08&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Passage+to+India+%E2%80%93+18th+December+1961&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goancauses.com%2Fgabriel_figueiredo%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-areamilitar.net-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-areamilitar.net_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150412193816/http://www.areamilitar.net/DIRECTORIO/NAV.aspx?nn=128">Aviso / Canhoneira classe Afonso de Albuquerque</a>. ÁreaMilitar. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-05-08</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.areamilitar.net/DIRECTORIO/NAV.aspx?NN=128">原始内容</a>存档于2015-04-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.atitle=Aviso+%2F+Canhoneira+classe+Afonso+de+Albuquerque&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%C3%81reaMilitar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.areamilitar.net%2FDIRECTORIO%2FNAV.aspx%3FNN%3D128&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=I9OygikVwWUC&pg=PA35&dq=indian+Invasion+of+Goa+1961#PPA36,M1">Use of Force p.36 para 2</a>. Google Books. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140108022917/http://books.google.com/books?id=I9OygikVwWUC&pg=PA35&dq=indian+Invasion+of+Goa+1961#PPA36,M1">存档</a>于2014-01-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=Use+of+Force+p.36+para+2&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Google+Books&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI9OygikVwWUC%26pg%3DPA35%26dq%3Dindian%2BInvasion%2Bof%2BGoa%2B1961%23PPA36%2CM1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Axelrod, Paul; Fuerch, Michelle. Portuguese Orientalism and the Making of Village Communities of Goa <b>45</b> (3). Duke University Press. 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/483320"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 483320</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.atitle=Portuguese+Orientalism+and+the+Making+of+Village+Communities+of+Goa&rft.au=Fuerch%2C+Michelle&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.aulast=Axelrod&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.volume=45&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F483320&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|journal=</code>被忽略 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#parameter_discarded" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1955年的數據，不包括达德拉-纳加尔哈维利。大部分人口數（547,448）在果阿（包括Old Goa、New Goa、Bardez、Mormugão and Salsete，以及近海的Anjediva島等區），其餘人口在達曼（69,005）和第烏（21,138）。參見Kay (1970)《Salazar and Modern Portugal》， New York: Hawthorn, p. 295)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kay-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kay_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kay_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kay_7-2"><sup><b>7.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Kay （1970）《Salazar and Modern Portugal》，New York: Hawthorn</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frank-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Frank_8-0"><sup><b>8.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frank_8-1"><sup><b>8.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Prof. Frank D'Souza, FRANKLY SPEAKING, The Collected Writings of Prof. Frank D'Souza" Editor-in chief Mgr. Benny Aguiar, published by the Prof. Frank D'Souza Memorial Committee, Bombay 1987. <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090923182300/http://www.goacom.com/culture/biographies/tristao.html">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-07-20</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goacom.com/culture/biographies/tristao.html">原始内容</a>存档于2009-09-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goacom.com%2Fculture%2Fbiographies%2Ftristao.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-goacom_lambert_m-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-goacom_lambert_m_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goacom.com/culture/history/history4.html">Goa's Freedom Movement</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120214125132/http://www.goacom.com/culture/history/history4.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） By: Lambert Mascarenhas</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kamat.com/database/content/goa_freedom/">Kamat Research Database - Goa's Freedom Struggle</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-17</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191031201557/http://www.kamat.com/database/content/goa_freedom/">存档</a>于2019-10-31）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=Kamat+Research+Database+-+Goa%27s+Freedom+Struggle&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kamat.com%2Fdatabase%2Fcontent%2Fgoa_freedom%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article1247.html">Mainstream, Vol XLVII, No 14, March 21, 2009</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-17</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001007/http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article1247.html">存档</a>于2018-11-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=Mainstream%2C+Vol+XLVII%2C+No+14%2C+March+21%2C+2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainstreamweekly.net%2Farticle1247.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countercurrents.org/comm-sinari061103.htm">A Liberation From Lies By Prabhakar Sinari</a>. Countercurrents.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-11-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818012408/http://www.countercurrents.org/comm-sinari061103.htm">存档</a>于2017-08-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=A+Liberation+From+Lies+By+Prabhakar+Sinari&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Countercurrents.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.countercurrents.org%2Fcomm-sinari061103.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francisco Monteiro, CHRONOLOGY OF TERRORIST ACTIVITY UNLEASHED BY THE INDIAN UNION AGAINST THE TERRITORIES OF GOA, DAMÃO AND DIU <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205346/http://www.colaco.net/1/India-ter.htm">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-05-08</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colaco.net/1/India-ter.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2015-09-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colaco.net%2F1%2FIndia-ter.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-0"><sup><b>14.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-1"><sup><b>14.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-2"><sup><b>14.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100804183234/http://www.supergoa.com/pt/40anos/vijay.asp">SuperGoa: Imagens, Factos, Notícias, Informações e História sobra Goa India</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-17</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.supergoa.com/pt/40anos/vijay.asp">原始内容</a>存档于2010-08-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=SuperGoa%3A+Imagens%2C+Factos%2C+Not%C3%ADcias%2C+Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es+e+Hist%C3%B3ria+sobra+Goa+India&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.supergoa.com%2Fpt%2F40anos%2Fvijay.asp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goa was first recognized as equal to the metropolis in the Royal Charter of 1518, and affirmed in subsequent legislation. The term 'province' was first used in 1576, and the term 'overseas provinces' used in virtually all legislation and constitutions thereafter, e.g. Art.1-3 & Art. 162-64 of 1822 Constitution <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/const822.html">online</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190916091816/http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/const822.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, 1826 constitution <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/carta826.html">online</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190916103926/http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/carta826.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Art. I & Title X of the constitution of 1838 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/const838.html">online</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190814112008/http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/const838.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Title V of the Republican constitution of 1911 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/const911.html">online</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190916091816/http://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/liberalismo/const911.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） and the 1932 Constitution of the Estado Novo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214125132/http://www.goacom.com/culture/history/history4.html">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-03-14</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goacom.com/culture/history/history4.html">原始内容</a>存档于2012-02-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goacom.com%2Fculture%2Fhistory%2Fhistory4.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> Lambert Mascarenhas, "Goa's Freedom Movement," excerpted from Henry Scholberg, Archana Ashok Kakodkar and Carmo Azevedo, Bibliography of Goa and the Portuguese in India New Delhi, Promilla (1982)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sankar Ghose (1993) <i>Jawaharlal Nehru: A biography</i>. Mumbai: Allied. p.283</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">P.W. Prabhakar (2003) <i>Wars, proxy-wars and terrorism: post independent India</i> New Delhi: Mittal, p.39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sankar Ghose (1993) <i>Jawaharlal Nehru: A biography</i>. Mumbai: Allied. p.282</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Indian Volunteers Invade Goa; 21 Die; Unarmed Indians March into Goa", <i>New York Times</i>, August 15, 1955</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christophe Jaffrelot, The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India, Published by Columbia University Press, 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,823878,00.html">Time Magazine 29 August 1955</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-17</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130827175634/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,823878,00.html">存档</a>于2013-08-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=Time+Magazine+29+August+1955&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C823878%2C00.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214125132/http://www.goacom.com/culture/history/history4.html">Goa's Freedom Movement</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-17</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goacom.com/culture/history/history4.html">原始内容</a>存档于2012-02-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=Goa%27s+Freedom+Movement&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goacom.com%2Fculture%2Fhistory%2Fhistory4.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colaco.net/1/India-ter.htm">Francisco Monteiro - India supported banditry in Goa</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-17</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205346/http://www.colaco.net/1/India-ter.htm">存档</a>于2015-09-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=Francisco+Monteiro+-+India+supported+banditry+in+Goa&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colaco.net%2F1%2FIndia-ter.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ComradesatOdds-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ComradesatOdds_25-0"><sup><b>25.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ComradesatOdds_25-1"><sup><b>25.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ComradesatOdds_25-2"><sup><b>25.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Comrades at Odds: The United States and India Page 185</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">US Department of State, Central Files, 753D.00/12 - 561. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">[1]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100228133121/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Document 66,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">US Department of State, Central Files, 753D.00/12 - 1161 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">[2]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100228133121/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Document 68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">US Department of State, Central Files, 753D.00/12 - 1261 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">[3]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100228133121/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Document 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">US Department of State, Central Files, 753D.00/12 - 1461 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">[4]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100228133121/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Document 72</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated3-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated3_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Remembering the Fall of Portuguese India in 1961<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span title="自2011-06警告！这个参考文献需要页码">页码请求</span></a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">LN Subramanyam, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/History/1960s/Goa01.html">The Liberation of Goa</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120107025811/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/History/1960s/Goa01.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, bharat-rakshak.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107025811/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/History/1960s/Goa01.html">The Liberation of Goa by Jagan Pillarisetti</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-17</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/History/1960s/Goa01.html">原始内容</a>存档于2012-01-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=The+Liberation+of+Goa+by+Jagan+Pillarisetti&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bharat-rakshak.com%2FIAF%2FHistory%2F1960s%2FGoa01.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130204131726/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/History/1950s/Kore.html">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-06-12</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/History/1950s/Kore.html">原始内容</a>存档于2013-02-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bharat-rakshak.com%2FNAVY%2FHistory%2F1950s%2FKore.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> The Liberation of Goa by Lieutenant Commander V.S. Kore</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Dennis Kux. India and the United States. : p.198.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.au=Dennis+Kux&rft.btitle=India+and+the+United+States&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=p.198&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soviet-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soviet_35-0"><sup><b>35.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soviet_35-1"><sup><b>35.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation conference">刘名望. 苏联在1961年果阿事件中的角色. 东南亚南亚研究 <b>2期</b>: P.32. 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.au=%E5%88%98%E5%90%8D%E6%9C%9B&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=conference&rft.pages=P.32&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">中华人民共和国政府关于支持印度政府收复果阿的声明. 人民日报. 1961-12-20: 第一版.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E6%94%B6%E5%A4%8D%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E&rft.date=1961-12-20&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5&rft.pages=%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%89%88&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>来源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <dl><dt>书籍</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Rotter, Andrew Jon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comradesatoddsun00rott">Comrades at Odds: The United States and India, 1947-1964</a>. Cornell University Press. 2000. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-8014-8460-X" title="Special:网络书源/0-8014-8460-X"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-8014-8460-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Jon&rft.aulast=Rotter&rft.btitle=Comrades+at+Odds%3A+The+United+States+and+India%2C+1947-1964&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8014-8460-X&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcomradesatoddsun00rott&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Couto, Francisco Cabral. Remembering the Fall of Portuguese India in 1961. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/972-8799-53-5" title="Special:网络书源/972-8799-53-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 972-8799-53-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&rft.aufirst=Francisco+Cabral&rft.aulast=Couto&rft.btitle=Remembering+the+Fall+of+Portuguese+India+in+1961&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=972-8799-53-5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goabooks2.blogspot.com/2007/01/remembering-fall-of-portuguese-india.html">Partial online version at GoaBooks2</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201003124616/http://goabooks2.blogspot.com/2007/01/remembering-fall-of-portuguese-india.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E5%B9%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=33" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,827139,00.html">Time Magazine Coverage of the conflict</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090306203426/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,827139,00.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012221443/http://bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Images-1961.html">Photo gallery of the Liberation of Goa</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kamat.org/picture.asp?Name=16333.jpg">Image: Ram Manohar Lohia</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20071130122710/http://www.kamat.org/picture.asp?Name=16333.jpg">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kamat.org/picture.asp?Name=16334.jpg">Image: The Protests of 18 June 1946</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20071130070445/http://www.kamat.org/picture.asp?Name=16334.jpg">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kamat.org/picture.asp?Name=16338.jpg">Image: Foreign journalists rescue a protestor shot by Portuguese police officers</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070902030916/http://www.kamat.org/picture.asp?Name=16338.jpg">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090619092549/http://meaindia.nic.in/foreignrelation/portugal.pdf">Portugal-India relations (Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India)</a></li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">军种</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="印度陸軍">陸軍</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="印度海軍">海軍</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="印度空軍">空軍</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8%E8%AD%A6%E8%A1%9B%E9%9A%8A" title="印度海岸警衛隊">海岸警衛隊</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">主题</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="印度军事史">歷史</a> · <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E9%99%A2%E6%A0%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度軍事院校（页面不存在）">院校</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> 軍徽（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E5%BE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度陸軍軍徽（页面不存在）">陸軍</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E5%BE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度海軍軍徽（页面不存在）">海軍</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E5%BE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度空軍軍徽（页面不存在）">空軍</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%89%B9%E7%A8%AE%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度特種部隊（页面不存在）">特種部隊</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%B6%AD%E5%92%8C%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度維和部隊（页面不存在）">維和部隊</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%88%B0%E7%95%A5%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E9%83%A8" title="核戰略司令部">核戰略司令部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度综合导弹发展计划" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度综合导弹发展计划（页面不存在）">综合导弹发展计划</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Guided_Missile_Development_Programme" class="extiw" title="en:Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%BD%88%E9%81%93%E5%B0%8E%E5%BD%88%E9%98%B2%E7%A6%A6%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="印度彈道導彈防禦系統計劃">弹道导弹防御系统计划</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%A4%A7%E8%A6%8F%E6%A8%A1%E6%AE%BA%E5%82%B7%E6%80%A7%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="印度大規模殺傷性武器">大規模殺傷力武器</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%8F%8A%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="國防研究及發展組織">國防研究及發展組織</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%BA%96%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="印度準軍事部隊">準軍事部隊</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">国际冲突</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap">印巴冲突（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E4%BB%80%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="克什米尔战争">1947年战争</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8D%B0%E5%B7%B4%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第二次印巴战争">1965年战争</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B0%E5%B7%B4%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="1971年印巴战争">1971年战争</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="孟加拉国解放战争">孟加拉国解放战争</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="卡吉尔战争">1999年戰爭</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E4%BA%9A%E7%90%B4%E5%86%B0%E5%B7%9D%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="锡亚琴冰川冲突">锡亚琴冰川冲突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B0%E5%B7%B4%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2019年印巴武裝衝突">2019年衝突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B411%E6%9C%88%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6-%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E9%82%8A%E5%A2%83%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2020年11月印度-巴基斯坦邊境衝突">2020年衝突</a>) ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> 中印边界冲突（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E4%B9%85%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="朗久事件">朗久事件</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E5%96%80%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="空喀山口事件">空喀山口事件</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="中印边境战争">1962年战争</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/1967%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="1967年中印边境冲突">1967年冲突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/1987%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E5%AF%B9%E5%B3%99" title="1987年中印边境对峙">1987年冲突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%97%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%A5%A5%E9%87%8C%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="2013年斗拉特别奥里地事件">2013年对峙</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/2017%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E5%AF%B9%E5%B3%99%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="2017年中印边境对峙事件">2017年对峙</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E9%82%8A%E5%A2%83%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2020年中印邊境衝突">2020年冲突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E4%B8%9C%E7%AB%A0%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="2022年中印东章冲突">2022年冲突</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1961年果阿并入印度</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度干預斯里蘭卡內戰" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B9%B2%E9%A0%90%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%8D%A1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度干預斯里蘭卡內戰（页面不存在）">印度干預斯里蘭卡內戰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_intervention_in_the_Sri_Lankan_Civil_War" class="extiw" title="en:Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1988年马尔代夫政变" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1988 Maldives coup d'état"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1988%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%A4%AB%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1988年马尔代夫政变（页面不存在）">仙人掌行动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Maldives_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="extiw" title="en:1988 Maldives coup d'état"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1988 Maldives coup d'état</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2001年印度孟加拉邊界衝突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2001%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E9%82%8A%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2001年印度孟加拉邊界衝突（页面不存在）">2001年印度孟加拉邊界衝突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_border_clashes" class="extiw" title="en:2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">国内衝突</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E8%AC%A8%E5%92%8C%E5%85%8B%E4%BB%80%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%9B%E4%BA%82" title="查謨和克什米爾叛亂">克什米爾叛亂</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E6%AF%9B%E6%B4%BE%E5%8F%9B%E4%BA%82" title="納薩爾毛派叛亂">納薩爾毛派叛亂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95" title="藍星行動">藍星行動</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E9%83%A8%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="印度东北部冲突">印度东北部冲突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="旁遮普邦叛乱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Insurgency in Punjab"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%81%E9%81%AE%E6%99%AE%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="旁遮普邦叛乱（页面不存在）">旁遮普邦叛乱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurgency_in_Punjab" class="extiw" title="en:Insurgency in Punjab"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Insurgency in Punjab</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4%E5%AD%9F%E8%B2%B7%E9%80%A3%E7%92%B0%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A" title="2008年孟買連環恐怖襲擊">2008年孟买连环恐怖袭击</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1961年果阿并入印度&oldid=79872377">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1961年果阿并入印度&oldid=79872377</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1961%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="Category:1961年印度">1961年印度</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1961%E5%B9%B4%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B" title="Category:1961年军事">1961年军事</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1961%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="Category:1961年國際關係">1961年國際關係</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="Category:印度共和国战争">印度共和国战争</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="Category:葡萄牙戰爭">葡萄牙戰爭</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%85%BC%E5%B9%B6%E6%89%A9%E5%BC%A0" title="Category:兼并扩张">兼并扩张</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9E%9C%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Category:果阿邦历史">果阿邦历史</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E4%B9%8B%E5%90%8E" title="Category:印度独立之后">印度独立之后</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1961%E5%B9%B412%E6%9C%88" title="Category:1961年12月">1961年12月</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E2%80%94%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="Category:印度—葡萄牙關係">印度—葡萄牙關係</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%EF%BC%9A%E5%B7%B2%E7%9F%A5%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E8%A2%AB%E5%BF%BD%E7%95%A5" title="Category:引文格式1错误：已知参数被忽略">引文格式1错误：已知参数被忽略</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%AA%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%83%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8D%BB%E9%A0%81%E7%A2%BC%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:未列明參考文獻頁碼的條目">未列明參考文獻頁碼的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">引文格式1维护：冗余文本</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2014%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%88%E6%89%A9%E5%85%85%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2014年5月扩充中的条目">自2014年5月扩充中的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2020%E5%B9%B47%E6%9C%88%E7%BC%BA%E5%B0%91%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2020年7月缺少重要資訊的條目">自2020年7月缺少重要資訊的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%9A%E4%B8%AA%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有多个问题的条目">含有多个问题的条目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" 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