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sensor bushing (PSB)</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: pressure sensor bushing (PSB)"> <meta name="keywords" content="pressure sensor bushing (PSB)"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="pressure sensor bushing (PSB)"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5333</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: pressure sensor bushing (PSB)</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5333</span> Experimental and Theoretical Study of Melt Viscosity in Injection Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chung-Chih%20Lin">Chung-Chih Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Teng%20Wang"> Wen-Teng Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin-Chiuan%20Kuo"> Chin-Chiuan Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chieh-Liang%20Wu"> Chieh-Liang Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The state of melt viscosity in injection process is significantly influenced by the setting parameters due to that the shear rate of injection process is higher than other processes. How to determine plastic melt viscosity during injection process is important to understand the influence of setting parameters on the melt viscosity. An apparatus named as pressure sensor bushing (PSB) module that is used to evaluate the melt viscosity during injection process is developed in this work. The formulations to coupling melt viscosity with fill time and injection pressure are derived and then the melt viscosity is determined. A test mold is prepared to evaluate the accuracy on viscosity calculations between the PSB module and the conventional approaches. The influence of melt viscosity on the tensile strength of molded part is proposed to study the consistency of injection quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injection%20molding" title="injection molding">injection molding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melt%20viscosity" title=" melt viscosity"> melt viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20test" title=" tensile test"> tensile test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20sensor%20bushing%20%28PSB%29" title=" pressure sensor bushing (PSB)"> pressure sensor bushing (PSB)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7574/experimental-and-theoretical-study-of-melt-viscosity-in-injection-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5332</span> Valuation on MEMS Pressure Sensors and Device Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Amziah%20Md%20Yunus">Nurul Amziah Md Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izhal%20Abdul%20Halin"> Izhal Abdul Halin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasri%20Sulaiman"> Nasri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Faezah%20Ismail"> Noor Faezah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ong%20Kai%20Sheng"> Ong Kai Sheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The MEMS pressure sensor has been introduced and presented in this paper. The types of pressure sensor and its theory of operation are also included. The latest MEMS technology, the fabrication processes of pressure sensor are explored and discussed. Besides, various device applications of pressure sensor such as tire pressure monitoring system, diesel particulate filter and others are explained. Due to further miniaturization of the device nowadays, the pressure sensor with nanotechnology (NEMS) is also reviewed. The NEMS pressure sensor is expected to have better performance as well as lower in its cost. It has gained an excellent popularity in many applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20sensor" title="pressure sensor">pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diaphragm" title=" diaphragm"> diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20application" title=" automotive application"> automotive application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20application" title=" biomedical application"> biomedical application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NEMS" title=" NEMS"> NEMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28395/valuation-on-mems-pressure-sensors-and-device-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">671</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5331</span> Design and Simulation of MEMS-Based Capacitive Pressure Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirankumar%20B.%20Balavalad">Kirankumar B. Balavalad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhagyashree%20Mudhol"> Bhagyashree Mudhol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20G.%20Sheeparamatti"> B. G. Sheeparamatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> MEMS sensor have gained popularity in automotive, biomedical, and industrial applications. In this paper, the design and simulation of conventional, slotted, and perforated MEMS capacitive pressure sensor is proposed. Polysilicon material is used as diaphragm material that deflects due to applied pressure. Better sensitivity is the main advantage of conventional pressure sensor as compared with other two sensors and perforated pressure sensor achieves large operating pressure range. The proposed MEMS sensor demonstrated with diaphragm length 50um, gap depth 3um is being modelled. The simulation is carried out for different types of MEMS capacitive pressure sensor using COMSOL Multiphysics and Coventor ware. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20pressure%20sensor" title=" conventional pressure sensor"> conventional pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slotted%20and%20perforated%20diaphragm" title=" slotted and perforated diaphragm"> slotted and perforated diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COMSOL%20multiphysics" title=" COMSOL multiphysics"> COMSOL multiphysics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coventor%20ware" title=" coventor ware"> coventor ware</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33090/design-and-simulation-of-mems-based-capacitive-pressure-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5330</span> Numerical Modal Analysis of a Multi-Material 3D-Printed Composite Bushing and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawe%C5%82%20%C5%BBur">Paweł Żur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alicja%20%C5%BBur"> Alicja Żur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Baier"> Andrzej Baier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modal analysis is a crucial tool in the field of engineering for understanding the dynamic behavior of structures. In this study, numerical modal analysis was conducted on a multi-material 3D-printed composite bushing, which comprised a polylactic acid (PLA) outer shell and a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) flexible filling. The objective was to investigate the modal characteristics of the bushing and assess its potential for practical applications. The analysis involved the development of a finite element model of the bushing, which was subsequently subjected to modal analysis techniques. Natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios were determined to identify the dominant vibration modes and their corresponding responses. The numerical modal analysis provided valuable insights into the dynamic behavior of the bushing, enabling a comprehensive understanding of its structural integrity and performance. Furthermore, the study expanded its scope by investigating the entire shaft mounting of a small electric car, incorporating the 3D-printed composite bushing. The shaft mounting system was subjected to numerical modal analysis to evaluate its dynamic characteristics and potential vibrational issues. The results of the modal analysis highlighted the effectiveness of the 3D-printed composite bushing in minimizing vibrations and optimizing the performance of the shaft mounting system. The findings contribute to the broader field of composite material applications in automotive engineering and provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of similar components. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20bushing" title=" composite bushing"> composite bushing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-material" title=" multi-material"> multi-material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168441/numerical-modal-analysis-of-a-multi-material-3d-printed-composite-bushing-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5329</span> Diagnostic of Breakdown in High Voltage Bushing Power Transformer 500 kV Cirata Substation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andika%20Bagaskara">Andika Bagaskara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andhika%20Rizki%20Pratama"> Andhika Rizki Pratama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lalu%20Arya%20Repatmaja"> Lalu Arya Repatmaja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Septhian%20Ditaputra%20Raharja"> Septhian Ditaputra Raharja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The power transformer is one of the critical things in system transmission. Regular testing of the power transformer is very important to maintain the reliability of the power. One of the causes of the failure of the transformer is the breakdown of insulation caused by the presence of voids in the equipment that is electrified. As a result of the voids that occur in this power transformer equipment, it can cause partial discharge. Several methods were used to determine the occurrence of damage to the power transformer equipment, such as Sweep Frequency Response Analysis (SFRA) and Tan Delta. In Inter Bus Transformer (IBT) 500/150 kV Cirata Extra High Voltage (EHV) Substation, a breakdown occurred in the T-phase tertiary bushing. From the lessons learned in this case, a complete electrical test was carried out. From the results of the complete electrical test, there was a suspicion of deterioration in the post-breakdown SFRA results. After overhaul and inspection, traces of voids were found on the tertiary bushing, which indicated a breakdown in the tertiary bushing of the IBT 500/150kV Cirata Substation transformer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void" title="void">void</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bushing" title=" bushing"> bushing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SFRA" title=" SFRA"> SFRA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Delta" title=" Tan Delta"> Tan Delta</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158237/diagnostic-of-breakdown-in-high-voltage-bushing-power-transformer-500-kv-cirata-substation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5328</span> Design and Simulation High Sensitive MEMS Capacitive Pressure Sensor with Small Size for Glaucoma Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yadollah%20Hezarjaribi">Yadollah Hezarjaribi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdie%20Yari%20Esboi"> Mahdie Yari Esboi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a novel MEMS capacitive pressure sensor with small size and high sensitivity is presented. This sensor has the separated clamped square diaphragm and the movable plate. The diaphragm material is polysilicon. The movable and fixed plates and mechanical coupling are gold. The substrate and diaphragm are pyrex glass and polysilicon, respectively. In capacitive sensor the sensitivity is proportional to deflection and capacitance changes with pressure for this reason with this design is improved the capacitance and sensitivity with small size. This sensor is designed for low pressure between 0-60 mmHg that is used for medical application such as treatment of an incurable disease called glaucoma. The size of this sensor is 350×350 µm2 and the thickness of the diaphragm is 2µm with 1μ air gap. This structure is designed by intellisuite software. In this MEMS capacitive pressure sensor the sensor sensitivity, diaphragm mechanical sensitivity for polysilicon diaphragm are 0.0469Pf/mmHg, 0.011 μm/mmHg, respectively. According to the simulating results for low pressure, the structure with polysilicon diaphragm has more change of the displacement and capacitance, this leads to high sensitivity than other diaphragms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glaucoma" title="glaucoma">glaucoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS%20capacitive%20pressure%20sensor" title=" MEMS capacitive pressure sensor"> MEMS capacitive pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=square%20clamped%20diaphragm" title=" square clamped diaphragm"> square clamped diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polysilicon" title=" polysilicon"> polysilicon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46427/design-and-simulation-high-sensitive-mems-capacitive-pressure-sensor-with-small-size-for-glaucoma-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46427.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5327</span> Calibration Methods of Direct and Indirect Reading Pressure Sensor and Uncertainty Determination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinem%20O.%20Aktan">Sinem O. Aktan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musa%20Y.%20Akkurt"> Musa Y. Akkurt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Experimental pressure calibration methods can be classified into three areas: (1) measurements in liquid or gas systems, (2) measurements in static-solid media systems, and (3) measurements in dynamic shock systems. Fluid (liquid and gas) systems high accuracies can be obtainable and commonly used for the calibration method of a pressure sensor. Pressure calibrations can be performed for metrological traceability in two ways, which are on-site (field) and in the laboratory. Laboratory and on-site calibration procedures and the requirements of the DKD-R-6-1 and Euramet cg-17 guidelines will also be addressed. In this study, calibration methods of direct and indirect reading pressure sensor and measurement uncertainty contributions will be explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20metrology" title="pressure metrology">pressure metrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20calibration" title=" pressure calibration"> pressure calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dead-weight%20tester" title=" dead-weight tester"> dead-weight tester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20uncertainty" title=" pressure uncertainty"> pressure uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128491/calibration-methods-of-direct-and-indirect-reading-pressure-sensor-and-uncertainty-determination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128491.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5326</span> The Design, Development, and Optimization of a Capacitive Pressure Sensor Utilizing an Existing 9DOF Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Randles">Andrew Randles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilker%20Ocak"> Ilker Ocak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheam%20Daw%20Don"> Cheam Daw Don</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navab%20Singh"> Navab Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alex%20Gu"> Alex Gu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nine Degrees of Freedom (9 DOF) systems are already in development in many areas. In this paper, an integrated pressure sensor is proposed that will make use of an already existing monolithic 9 DOF inertial MEMS platform. Capacitive pressure sensors can suffer from limited sensitivity for a given size of membrane. This novel pressure sensor design increases the sensitivity by over 5 times compared to a traditional array of square diaphragms while still fitting within a 2 mm x 2 mm chip and maintaining a fixed static capacitance. The improved design uses one large diaphragm supported by pillars with fixed electrodes placed above the areas of maximum deflection. The design optimization increases the sensitivity from 0.22 fF/kPa to 1.16 fF/kPa. Temperature sensitivity was also examined through simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacitive%20pressure%20sensor" title="capacitive pressure sensor">capacitive pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=9%20DOF" title=" 9 DOF"> 9 DOF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=10%20DOF" title=" 10 DOF"> 10 DOF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacitive" title=" capacitive"> capacitive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertial%20measurement%20unit" title=" inertial measurement unit"> inertial measurement unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMU" title=" IMU"> IMU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertial%20navigation%20system" title=" inertial navigation system"> inertial navigation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=INS" title=" INS"> INS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32117/the-design-development-and-optimization-of-a-capacitive-pressure-sensor-utilizing-an-existing-9dof-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">546</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5325</span> Improving the Design of Blood Pressure and Blood Saturation Monitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Parisi">L. Parisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A blood pressure monitor or sphygmomanometer can be either manual or automatic, employing respectively either the auscultatory method or the oscillometric method. The manual version of the sphygmomanometer involves an inflatable cuff with a stethoscope adopted to detect the sounds generated by the arterial walls to measure blood pressure in an artery. An automatic sphygmomanometer can be effectively used to monitor blood pressure through a pressure sensor, which detects vibrations provoked by oscillations of the arterial walls. The pressure sensor implemented in this device improves the accuracy of the measurements taken. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20pressure" title="blood pressure">blood pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20saturation" title=" blood saturation"> blood saturation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensors" title=" sensors"> sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actuators" title=" actuators"> actuators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20improvement" title=" design improvement"> design improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14649/improving-the-design-of-blood-pressure-and-blood-saturation-monitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5324</span> Evaluation Using a Bidirectional Microphone as a Pressure Pulse Wave Meter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shunsuke%20Fujiwara">Shunsuke Fujiwara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takashi%20Kaburagi"> Takashi Kaburagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyuki%20Kobayashi"> Kazuyuki Kobayashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kajiro%20Watanabe"> Kajiro Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yosuke%20Kurihara"> Yosuke Kurihara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a novel sensor device, a pressure pulse wave meter, which uses a bidirectional condenser microphone. The microphone work as a microphone as well as a sensor with high gain over a wide frequency range; they are also highly reliable and economical. Currently aging is becoming a serious social issue in Japan causing increased medical expenses in the country. Hence, it is important for elderly citizens to check health condition at home, and to care the health conditions through daily monitoring. Given this circumstances, we developed a novel pressure pulse wave meter based on a bidirectional condenser microphone. This novel pressure pulse wave meter device is used as a measuring instrument of health conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidirectional%20microphone" title="bidirectional microphone">bidirectional microphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20pulse%20wave%20meter" title=" pressure pulse wave meter"> pressure pulse wave meter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20condition" title=" health condition"> health condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel%20sensor%20device" title=" novel sensor device"> novel sensor device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28575/evaluation-using-a-bidirectional-microphone-as-a-pressure-pulse-wave-meter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5323</span> Laboratory Calibration of Soil Pressure Transducer for a Specified Field Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Zahidul%20Islam%20Bhuiyan">Mohammad Zahidul Islam Bhuiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanyong%20Wang"> Shanyong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scott%20William%20Sloan"> Scott William Sloan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daichao%20%20Sheng"> Daichao Sheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays soil pressure transducers are widely used to measure the soil stress states in laboratory and field experiments. The soil pressure transducers, investigated here, are traditional diaphragm-type earth pressure cells (DEPC) based on strain gauge principle. It is found that the output of these sensors varies with the soil conditions as well as the position of a sensor. Therefore, it is highly recommended to calibrate the pressure sensors based on the similar conditions of their intended applications. The factory calibration coefficients of the EPCs are not reliable to use since they are normally calibrated by applying fluid (a special type of oil) pressure only over load sensing zone, which does not represent the actual field conditions. Thus, the calibration of these sensors is utmost important, and they play a pivotal role for assessing earth pressures precisely. In the present study, TML soil pressure sensor is used to compare its sensitivity under different calibration systems, for example, fluid calibration, and static load calibration with or without soil. The results report that the sensor provides higher sensitivity (more accurate results) under soil calibration system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration" title="calibration">calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20pressure" title=" soil pressure"> soil pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earth%20pressure%20cell" title=" earth pressure cell"> earth pressure cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity" title=" sensitivity"> sensitivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79500/laboratory-calibration-of-soil-pressure-transducer-for-a-specified-field-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5322</span> Intelligent Wireless Patient Monitoring and Tracking System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ch.%20Sandeep%20Kumar%20Subudhi">Ch. Sandeep Kumar Subudhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sivanandam"> S. Sivanandam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our system is to monitor the human body temperature, blood pressure (BP), Pulse Rate and ECG and tracking the patient location. In our system the body temperature is detected by using LM35 temperature sensor, blood pressure is detected by the BP sensor, pulse rate is detected by the ear plug pulse sensor and the ECG is detected by the three lead ECG sensor in the working environment of the patient. The sensed information is sent to the PIC16F877 microcontroller through signal conditioning circuit. A desired amount of sensor value is set and if it is exceeded preliminary steps should be taken by indication by buzzer. The sensor information will be transmitted from the patient unit to the main controller unit with the help of Zigbee communication medium which is connected with the microcontrollers in the both units. The main controller unit will send those sensor data as well as the location of that patient by the help of GPS module to the observer/doctor. The observer/doctor can receive the SMS sent by GSM module and further decision can be taken. The message is sent to a cell phone using global system mobile (GSM) Modem. MAX232 acts as a driver between microcontroller and modem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LM35" title="LM35">LM35</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20beat%20sensor" title=" heart beat sensor"> heart beat sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECG%20Sensor" title=" ECG Sensor"> ECG Sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BP%20Sensor" title=" BP Sensor"> BP Sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zigbee%20module" title=" Zigbee module"> Zigbee module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GSM%20module" title=" GSM module"> GSM module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%20module" title=" GPS module"> GPS module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIC16F877A%20microcontroller" title=" PIC16F877A microcontroller"> PIC16F877A microcontroller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8000/intelligent-wireless-patient-monitoring-and-tracking-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5321</span> Design of Permanent Sensor Fault Tolerance Algorithms by Sliding Mode Observer for Smart Hybrid Powerpack</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungsik%20Jo">Sungsik Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyeonwoo%20Kim"> Hyeonwoo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iksu%20Choi"> Iksu Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hunmo%20Kim"> Hunmo Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the SHP, LVDT sensor is for detecting the length changes of the EHA output, and the thrust of the EHA is controlled by the pressure sensor. Sensor is possible to cause hardware fault by internal problem or external disturbance. The EHA of SHP is able to be uncontrollable due to control by feedback from uncertain information, on this paper; the sliding mode observer algorithm estimates the original sensor output information in permanent sensor fault. The proposed algorithm shows performance to recovery fault of disconnection and short circuit basically, also the algorithm detect various of sensor fault mode. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20hybrid%20powerpack%20%28SHP%29" title="smart hybrid powerpack (SHP)">smart hybrid powerpack (SHP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro%20hydraulic%20actuator%20%28EHA%29" title=" electro hydraulic actuator (EHA)"> electro hydraulic actuator (EHA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20sensor%20fault%20tolerance" title=" permanent sensor fault tolerance"> permanent sensor fault tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20observer%20%28SMO%29" title=" sliding mode observer (SMO)"> sliding mode observer (SMO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic%20user%20interface%20%28GUI%29" title=" graphic user interface (GUI)"> graphic user interface (GUI)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9250/design-of-permanent-sensor-fault-tolerance-algorithms-by-sliding-mode-observer-for-smart-hybrid-powerpack" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5320</span> Pull-In Instability Determination of Microcapacitive Sensor for Measuring Special Range of Pressure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yashar%20Haghighatfar">Yashar Haghighatfar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrzad%20Mirhosseini"> Shahrzad Mirhosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pull-in instability is a nonlinear and crucial effect that is important for the design of microelectromechanical system devices. In this paper, the appropriate electrostatic voltage range is determined by measuring fluid flow pressure via micro pressure sensor based microbeam. The microbeam deflection contains two parts, the static and perturbation deflection of static. The second order equation regarding the equivalent stiffness, mass and damping matrices based on Galerkin method is introduced to predict pull-in instability due to the external voltage. Also the reduced order method is used for solving the second order nonlinear equation of motion. Furthermore, in the present study, the micro capacitive pressure sensor is designed for measuring special fluid flow pressure range. The results show that the measurable pressure range can be optimized, regarding damping field and external voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pull-in%20instability" title=" pull-in instability"> pull-in instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatically%20actuated%20microbeam" title=" electrostatically actuated microbeam"> electrostatically actuated microbeam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20order%20method" title=" reduced order method"> reduced order method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94193/pull-in-instability-determination-of-microcapacitive-sensor-for-measuring-special-range-of-pressure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5319</span> Optimization of Temperature Coefficients for MEMS Based Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijay%20Kumar">Vijay Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaspreet%20Singh"> Jaspreet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20Wadhwa"> Manoj Wadhwa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Piezo-resistive pressure sensors were one of the first developed micromechanical system (MEMS) devices and still display a significant growth prompted by the advancements in micromachining techniques and material technology. In MEMS based piezo-resistive pressure sensors, temperature can be considered as the main environmental condition which affects the system performance. The study of the thermal behavior of these sensors is essential to define the parameters that cause the output characteristics to drift. In this work, a study on the effects of temperature and doping concentration in a boron implanted piezoresistor for a silicon-based pressure sensor is discussed. We have optimized the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and temperature coefficient of sensitivity (TCS) values to determine the effect of temperature drift on the sensor performance. To be more precise, in order to reduce the temperature drift, a high doping concentration is needed. And it is well known that the Wheatstone bridge in a pressure sensor is supplied with a constant voltage or a constant current input supply. With a constant voltage supply, the thermal drift can be compensated along with an external compensation circuit, whereas the thermal drift in the constant current supply can be directly compensated by the bridge itself. But it would be beneficial to also compensate the temperature coefficient of piezoresistors so as to further reduce the temperature drift. So, with a current supply, the TCS is dependent on both the TCπ and TCR. As TCπ is a negative quantity and TCR is a positive quantity, it is possible to choose an appropriate doping concentration at which both of them cancel each other. An exact cancellation of TCR and TCπ values is not readily attainable; therefore, an adjustable approach is generally used in practical applications. Thus, one goal of this work has been to better understand the origin of temperature drift in pressure sensor devices so that the temperature effects can be minimized or eliminated. This paper describes the optimum doping levels for the piezoresistors where the TCS of the pressure transducers will be zero due to the cancellation of TCR and TCπ values. Also, the fabrication and characterization of the pressure sensor are carried out. The optimized TCR value obtained for the fabricated die is 2300 ± 100ppm/ᵒC, for which the piezoresistors are implanted at a doping concentration of 5E13 ions/cm³ and the TCS value of -2100ppm/ᵒC is achieved. Therefore, the desired TCR and TCS value is achieved, which are approximately equal to each other, so the thermal effects are considerably reduced. Finally, we have calculated the effect of temperature and doping concentration on the output characteristics of the sensor. This study allows us to predict the sensor behavior against temperature and to minimize this effect by optimizing the doping concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezo-resistive" title="piezo-resistive">piezo-resistive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20sensor" title=" pressure sensor"> pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doping%20concentration" title=" doping concentration"> doping concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TCR" title=" TCR"> TCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TCS" title=" TCS"> TCS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137637/optimization-of-temperature-coefficients-for-mems-based-piezoresistive-pressure-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5318</span> A Wireless Sensor Network Protocol for a Car Parking Space Monitoring System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Ho%20Moon">Jung-Ho Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Gon%20Yoon"> Myung-Gon Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a wireless sensor network protocol for a car parking monitoring system. A wireless sensor network for the purpose is composed of multiple sensor nodes, a sink node, a gateway, and a server. Each of the sensor nodes is equipped with a 3-axis AMR sensor and deployed in the center of a parking space. The sensor node reads its sensor values periodically and transmits the data to the sink node if the current and immediate past sensor values show a difference exceeding a threshold value. The operations of the sink and sensor nodes are described in detail along with flow diagrams. The protocol allows a low-duty cycle operation of the sensor nodes and a flexible adjustment of the threshold value used by the sensor nodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%20parking%20monitoring" title="car parking monitoring">car parking monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20node" title=" sensor node"> sensor node</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20network" title=" wireless sensor network"> wireless sensor network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20protocol" title=" network protocol"> network protocol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11153/a-wireless-sensor-network-protocol-for-a-car-parking-space-monitoring-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">538</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5317</span> Analysis of Impact Load Induced by Ultrasonic Cavitation Bubble Collapse Using Thin Film Pressure Sensors </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moiz%20S.%20Vohra">Moiz S. Vohra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagalingam%20Arun%20Prasanth"> Nagalingam Arun Prasanth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20L.%20Tan"> Wei L. Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Yeo"> S. H. Yeo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The understanding of generation and collapse of acoustic cavitation bubbles are prerequisites for application of cavitation erosion. Microbubbles generated due to rapid fluctuation of pressure induced by propagation of ultrasonic wave lead to formation of high velocity microjets and or shock waves upon collapse. Due to vast application of ultrasonic, it is important to characterize and understand cavitation collapse pressure under the radiating surface at different conditions. A comparative investigation is carried out to determine impact load and dynamic pressure distribution exerted upon bubble collapse using thin film pressure sensors. Measurements were recorded at different input conditions such as amplitude, stand-off distance, insertion depth of the horn inside the liquid and pulse on-off time of acoustic vibrations. Impact force of 2.97 N is recorded at amplitude of 108 μm and stand-off distance of 1 mm from the sensor film, whereas impulsive force as low as 0.4 N is recorded at amplitude of 12 μm and stand-off distance of 5 mm from the sensor film. The results drawn from the investigation indicated that variety of impact loads can be achieved by controlling generation and collapse of bubbles, making it suitable to use for numerous application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20cavitation" title="ultrasonic cavitation">ultrasonic cavitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bubble%20collapse" title=" bubble collapse"> bubble collapse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20mapping%20sensor" title=" pressure mapping sensor"> pressure mapping sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20load" title=" impact load"> impact load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76641/analysis-of-impact-load-induced-by-ultrasonic-cavitation-bubble-collapse-using-thin-film-pressure-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5316</span> Cost-Effective Indoor-Air Quality (IAQ) Monitoring via Cavity Enhanced Photoacoustic Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jifang%20Tao">Jifang Tao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fei%20Gao"> Fei Gao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Cai"> Hong Cai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Jin%20Zheng"> Yuan Jin Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Dong%20Gu"> Yuan Dong Gu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photoacoustic technology is used to measure effect absorption of a light by means of acoustic detection, which provides a high sensitive, low-cross response, cost-effective solution for gas molecular detection. In this paper, we proposed an integrated photoacoustic sensor for Indoor-air quality (IAQ) monitoring. The sensor consists of an acoustically resonant cavity, a high silicon acoustic transducer chip, and a low-cost light source. The light is modulated at the resonant frequency of the cavity to create an enhanced periodic heating and result in an amplified acoustic pressure wave. The pressure is readout by a novel acoustic transducer with low noise. Based on this photoacoustic sensor, typical indoor gases, including CO2, CO, O2, and H2O have been successfully detected, and their concentration are also evaluated with very high accuracy. It has wide potential applications in IAQ monitoring for agriculture, food industry, and ventilation control systems used in public places, such as schools, hospitals and airports. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor-air%20quality%20%28IAQ%29%20monitoring" title="indoor-air quality (IAQ) monitoring">indoor-air quality (IAQ) monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoacoustic%20gas%20sensor" title=" photoacoustic gas sensor"> photoacoustic gas sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavity%20enhancement" title=" cavity enhancement"> cavity enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20gas%20sensor" title=" integrated gas sensor"> integrated gas sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35061/cost-effective-indoor-air-quality-iaq-monitoring-via-cavity-enhanced-photoacoustic-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">658</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5315</span> The Effects of “Never Pressure Injury” on the Incidence of Pressure Injuries in Critically Ill Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuchjaree%20Kidjawan">Nuchjaree Kidjawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orapan%20Thosingha"> Orapan Thosingha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawinee%20Vaipatama"> Pawinee Vaipatama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakrankiat%20Youngkong"> Prakrankiat Youngkong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirinapha%20Malangputhong"> Sirinapha Malangputhong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kitti%20Thamrongaphichartkul"> Kitti Thamrongaphichartkul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phatcharaporn%20Phetcharat"> Phatcharaporn Phetcharat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> NPI uses technology sensorization of things and processed by AI system. The main features are an individual interface pressure sensor system in contact with the mattress and a position management system where the sensor detects the determined pressure with automatic pressure reduction and distribution. The role of NPI is to monitor, identify the risk and manage the interface pressure automatically when the determined pressure is detected. This study aims to evaluate the effects of “Never Pressure Injury (NPI),” an innovative mattress, on the incidence of pressure injuries in critically ill patients. An observational case-control study was employed to compare the incidence of pressure injury between the case and the control group. The control group comprised 80 critically ill patients admitted to a critical care unit of Phyathai3 Hospital, receiving standard care with the use of memory foam according to intensive care unit guidelines. The case group comprised 80 critically ill patients receiving standard care and with the use of the Never Pressure Injury (NPI) innovation mattress. The patients who were over 20 years old and showed scores of less than 18 on the Risk Assessment Pressure Ulcer Scale – ICU and stayed in ICU for more than 24 hours were selected for the study. The patients’ skin was assessed for the occurrence of pressure injury once a day for five consecutive days or until the patients were discharged from ICU. The sample comprised 160 patients with ages ranging from 30-102 (mean = 70.1 years), and the Body Mass Index ranged from 13.69- 49.01 (mean = 24.63). The case and the control group were not different in their sex, age, Body Mass Index, Pressure Ulcer Risk Scores, and length of ICU stay. Twenty-two patients (27.5%) in the control group had pressure injuries, while no pressure injury was found in the case group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20injury" title="pressure injury">pressure injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=never%20pressure%20injury" title=" never pressure injury"> never pressure injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20mattress" title=" innovation mattress"> innovation mattress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critically%20ill%20patients" title=" critically ill patients"> critically ill patients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevent%20pressure%20injury" title=" prevent pressure injury"> prevent pressure injury</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161134/the-effects-of-never-pressure-injury-on-the-incidence-of-pressure-injuries-in-critically-ill-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5314</span> Highly Sensitive, Low-Cost Oxygen Gas Sensor Based on ZnO Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Chang">Xin Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daping%20Chu"> Daping Chu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oxygen gas sensing technology has progressed since the last century and it has been extensively used in a wide range of applications such as controlling the combustion process by sensing the oxygen level in the exhaust gas of automobiles to ensure the catalytic converter is in a good working condition. Similar sensors are also used in industrial boilers to make the combustion process economic and environmentally friendly. Different gas sensing mechanisms have been developed: ceramic-based potentiometric equilibrium sensors and semiconductor-based sensors by oxygen absorption. In this work, we present a highly sensitive and low-cost oxygen gas sensor based on Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (average particle size of 35nm) dispersion in ethanol. The sensor is able to measure the pressure range from 103 mBar to 10-5 mBar with a sensitivity of more than 102 mA/Bar. The sensor is also erasable with heat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title="nanoparticles">nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen" title=" oxygen"> oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title=" ZnO"> ZnO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102985/highly-sensitive-low-cost-oxygen-gas-sensor-based-on-zno-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5313</span> Implementation of Sensor Fusion Structure of 9-Axis Sensors on the Multipoint Control Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Gil%20Ahn">Jun Gil Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Tae%20Kim"> Jong Tae Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the sensor fusion structure on the multipoint control unit (MCU). Sensor fusion using Kalman filter for 9-axis sensors is considered. The 9-axis inertial sensor is the combination of 3-axis accelerometer, 3-axis gyroscope and 3-axis magnetometer. We implement the sensor fusion structure among the sensor hubs in MCU and measure the execution time, power consumptions, and total energy. Experiments with real data from 9-axis sensor in 20Mhz show that the average power consumptions are 44mW and 48mW on Cortx-M0 and Cortex-M3 MCU, respectively. Execution times are 613.03 us and 305.6 us respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=9-axis%20sensor" title="9-axis sensor">9-axis sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCU" title=" MCU"> MCU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20fusion" title=" sensor fusion"> sensor fusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84323/implementation-of-sensor-fusion-structure-of-9-axis-sensors-on-the-multipoint-control-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5312</span> The Verification Study of Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of the Aircraft Piston Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Grabowski">Lukasz Grabowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konrad%20Pietrykowski"> Konrad Pietrykowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Bialy"> Michal Bialy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the results of the research to verify the combustion in aircraft piston engine Asz62-IR. This engine was modernized and a type of ignition system was developed. Due to the high costs of experiments of a nine-cylinder 1,000 hp aircraft engine, a simulation technique should be applied. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics to simulate the combustion process is a reasonable solution. Accordingly, the tests for varied ignition advance angles were carried out and the optimal value to be tested on a real engine was specified. The CFD model was created with the AVL Fire software. The engine in the research had two spark plugs for each cylinder and ignition advance angles had to be set up separately for each spark. The results of the simulation were verified by comparing the pressure in the cylinder. The courses of the indicated pressure of the engine mounted on a test stand were compared. The real course of pressure was measured with an optical sensor, mounted in a specially drilled hole between the valves. It was the OPTRAND pressure sensor, which was designed especially to engine combustion process research. The indicated pressure was measured in cylinder no 3. The engine was running at take-off power. The engine was loaded by a propeller at a special test bench. The verification of the CFD simulation results was based on the results of the test bench studies. The course of the simulated pressure obtained is within the measurement error of the optical sensor. This error is 1% and reflects the hysteresis and nonlinearity of the sensor. The real indicated pressure measured in the cylinder and the pressure taken from the simulation were compared. It can be claimed that the verification of CFD simulations based on the pressure is a success. The next step was to research on the impact of changing the ignition advance timing of spark plugs 1 and 2 on a combustion process. Moving ignition timing between 1 and 2 spark plug results in a longer and uneven firing of a mixture. The most optimal point in terms of indicated power occurs when ignition is simultaneous for both spark plugs, but so severely separated ignitions are assured that ignition will occur at all speeds and loads of engine. It should be confirmed by a bench experiment of the engine. However, this simulation research enabled us to determine the optimal ignition advance angle to be implemented into the ignition control system. This knowledge allows us to set up the ignition point with two spark plugs to achieve as large power as possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20model" title="CFD model">CFD model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combustion" title=" combustion"> combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine" title=" engine"> engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50035/the-verification-study-of-computational-fluid-dynamics-model-of-the-aircraft-piston-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5311</span> An Introductory Study on Optimization Algorithm for Movable Sensor Network-Based Odor Source Localization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yossiri%20Ariyakul">Yossiri Ariyakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piyakiat%20Insom"> Piyakiat Insom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poonyawat%20Sangiamkulthavorn"> Poonyawat Sangiamkulthavorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takamichi%20Nakamoto"> Takamichi Nakamoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the method of optimization algorithm for sensor network comprised of movable sensor nodes which can be used for odor source localization was proposed. A sensor node is composed of an odor sensor, an anemometer, and a wireless communication module. The odor intensity measured from the sensor nodes are sent to the processor to perform the localization based on optimization algorithm by which the odor source localization map is obtained as a result. The map can represent the exact position of the odor source or show the direction toward it remotely. The proposed method was experimentally validated by creating the odor source localization map using three, four, and five sensor nodes in which the accuracy to predict the position of the odor source can be observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=odor%20sensor" title="odor sensor">odor sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=odor%20source%20localization" title=" odor source localization"> odor source localization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20network" title=" sensor network"> sensor network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76005/an-introductory-study-on-optimization-algorithm-for-movable-sensor-network-based-odor-source-localization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5310</span> Performance Comparison of a Low Cost Air Quality Sensor with a Commercial Electronic Nose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%9Cnal%20K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l">Ünal Kızıl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Levent%20Gen%C3%A7"> Levent Genç</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sefa%20Aksu"> Sefa Aksu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Tap%C4%B1n%C3%A7"> Ahmet Tapınç</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Figaro AM-1 sensor module which employs TGS 2600 model gas sensor in air quality assessment was used. The system was coupled with a microprocessor that enables sensor module to create warning message via telephone. This low cot sensor system’s performance was compared with a Diagnose II commercial electronic nose system. Both air quality sensor and electronic nose system employ metal oxide chemical gas sensors. In the study experimental setup, data acquisition methods for electronic nose system, and performance of the low cost air quality system were evaluated and explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality" title="air quality">air quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20nose" title=" electronic nose"> electronic nose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20quality" title=" environmental quality"> environmental quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20sensor" title=" gas sensor"> gas sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26944/performance-comparison-of-a-low-cost-air-quality-sensor-with-a-commercial-electronic-nose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5309</span> Maximization of Lifetime for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Energy Efficient Clustering Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frodouard%20Minani">Frodouard Minani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since last decade, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been used in many areas like health care, agriculture, defense, military, disaster hit areas and so on. Wireless Sensor Networks consist of a Base Station (BS) and more number of wireless sensors in order to monitor temperature, pressure, motion in different environment conditions. The key parameter that plays a major role in designing a protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks is energy efficiency which is a scarcest resource of sensor nodes and it determines the lifetime of sensor nodes. Maximizing sensor node’s lifetime is an important issue in the design of applications and protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks. Clustering sensor nodes mechanism is an effective topology control approach for helping to achieve the goal of this research. In this paper, the researcher presents an energy efficiency protocol to prolong the network lifetime based on Energy efficient clustering algorithm. The Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is a routing protocol for clusters which is used to lower the energy consumption and also to improve the lifetime of the Wireless Sensor Networks. Maximizing energy dissipation and network lifetime are important matters in the design of applications and protocols for wireless sensor networks. Proposed system is to maximize the lifetime of the Wireless Sensor Networks by choosing the farthest cluster head (CH) instead of the closest CH and forming the cluster by considering the following parameter metrics such as Node’s density, residual-energy and distance between clusters (inter-cluster distance). In this paper, comparisons between the proposed protocol and comparative protocols in different scenarios have been done and the simulation results showed that the proposed protocol performs well over other comparative protocols in various scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20station" title="base station">base station</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering%20algorithm" title=" clustering algorithm"> clustering algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficient" title=" energy efficient"> energy efficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensors" title=" sensors"> sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title=" wireless sensor networks"> wireless sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102578/maximization-of-lifetime-for-wireless-sensor-networks-based-on-energy-efficient-clustering-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5308</span> Adding Protelium Gas Sensor for Smartphone to Reduce Explosion in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfi%20Al%20Fahreizy">Alfi Al Fahreizy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By using LPG (Liquid Protelium Gas), it is very difficult to detect gas leak. Consequently, there is so many incident of gas leak that makes explosion which is occurred in many regions of Indonesia. In this paper, the researcher tries to overcome with it by adding gas sensor for LPG in a smartphone. The aim is to choose the best sensor and how to use it . The methode is to choose sensor by selecting from sensor data sheet qualitatively by giving grade from 1 to 5. Flow chart is shown to make best steps notification that possible to implemented in smartphone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20conversion" title="energy conversion">energy conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20leak" title=" gas leak"> gas leak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone" title=" smartphone"> smartphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosion" title=" explosion"> explosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPG" title=" LPG "> LPG </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21133/adding-protelium-gas-sensor-for-smartphone-to-reduce-explosion-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5307</span> SFO-ECRSEP: Sensor Field Optimızation Based Ecrsep For Heterogeneous WSNS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gagandeep%20Singh">Gagandeep Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The sensor field optimization is a serious issue in WSNs and has been ignored by many researchers. As in numerous real-time sensing fields the sensor nodes on the corners i.e. on the segment boundaries will become lifeless early because no extraordinary safety is presented for them. Accordingly, in this research work the central objective is on the segment based optimization by separating the sensor field between advance and normal segments. The inspiration at the back this sensor field optimization is to extend the time spam when the first sensor node dies. For the reason that in normal sensor nodes which were exist on the borders may become lifeless early because the space among them and the base station is more so they consume more power so at last will become lifeless soon. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WSNs" title="WSNs">WSNs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECRSEP" title=" ECRSEP"> ECRSEP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEP" title=" SEP"> SEP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20optimization" title=" field optimization"> field optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15452/sfo-ecrsep-sensor-field-optimization-based-ecrsep-for-heterogeneous-wsns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5306</span> Security Threats on Wireless Sensor Network Protocols</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Gorine">H. Gorine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ramadan%20Elmezughi"> M. Ramadan Elmezughi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we investigate security issues and challenges facing researchers in wireless sensor networks and countermeasures to resolve them. The broadcast nature of wireless communication makes Wireless Sensor Networks prone to various attacks. Due to resources limitation constraint in terms of limited energy, computation power and memory, security in wireless sensor networks creates different challenges than wired network security. We will discuss several attempts at addressing the issues of security in wireless sensor networks in an attempt to encourage more research into this area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title="wireless sensor networks">wireless sensor networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20security" title=" network security"> network security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20weight%20encryption" title=" light weight encryption"> light weight encryption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threats" title=" threats"> threats</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51644/security-threats-on-wireless-sensor-network-protocols" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51644.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5305</span> The Implantable MEMS Blood Pressure Sensor Model With Wireless Powering And Data Transmission</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitaliy%20Petrov">Vitaliy Petrov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Shusharina"> Natalia Shusharina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitaliy%20Kasymov"> Vitaliy Kasymov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maksim%20Patrushev"> Maksim Patrushev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgeny%20Bogdanov"> Evgeny Bogdanov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leading worldwide death reasons are ischemic heart disease and other cardiovascular illnesses. Generally, the common symptom is high blood pressure. Long-time blood pressure control is very important for the prophylaxis, correct diagnosis and timely therapy. Non-invasive methods which are based on Korotkoff sounds are impossible to apply often and for a long time. Implantable devices can combine longtime monitoring with high accuracy of measurements. The main purpose of this work is to create a real-time monitoring system for decreasing the death rate from cardiovascular diseases. These days implantable electronic devices began to play an important role in medicine. Usually implantable devices consist of a transmitter, powering which could be wireless with a special made battery and measurement circuit. Common problems in making implantable devices are short lifetime of the battery, big size and biocompatibility. In these work, blood pressure measure will be the focus because it’s one of the main symptoms of cardiovascular diseases. Our device will consist of three parts: the implantable pressure sensor, external transmitter and automated workstation in a hospital. The Implantable part of pressure sensors could be based on piezoresistive or capacitive technologies. Both sensors have some advantages and some limitations. The Developed circuit is based on a small capacitive sensor which is made of the technology of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The Capacitive sensor can provide high sensitivity, low power consumption and minimum hysteresis compared to the piezoresistive sensor. For this device, it was selected the oscillator-based circuit where frequency depends from the capacitance of sensor hence from capacitance one can calculate pressure. The external device (transmitter) used for wireless charging and signal transmission. Some implant devices for these applications are passive, the external device sends radio wave signal on internal LC circuit device. The external device gets reflected the signal from the implant and from a change of frequency is possible to calculate changing of capacitance and then blood pressure. However, this method has some disadvantages, such as the patient position dependence and static using. Developed implantable device doesn’t have these disadvantages and sends blood pressure data to the external part in real-time. The external device continuously sends information about blood pressure to hospital cloud service for analysis by a physician. Doctor’s automated workstation at the hospital also acts as a dashboard, which displays actual medical data of patients (which require attention) and stores it in cloud service. Usually, critical heart conditions occur few hours before heart attack but the device is able to send an alarm signal to the hospital for an early action of medical service. The system was tested with wireless charging and data transmission. These results can be used for ASIC design for MEMS pressure sensor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS%20sensor" title="MEMS sensor">MEMS sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20power" title=" RF power"> RF power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20data" title=" wireless data"> wireless data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillator-based%20circuit" title=" oscillator-based circuit"> oscillator-based circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29153/the-implantable-mems-blood-pressure-sensor-model-with-wireless-powering-and-data-transmission" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">589</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5304</span> A New Realization of Multidimensional System for Grid Sensor Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Xiong">Yang Xiong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hua%20Cheng"> Hua Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, for the basic problem of wireless sensor network topology control and deployment, the Roesser model in rectangular grid sensor networks is presented. In addition, a general constructive realization procedure will be proposed. The procedure enables a distributed implementation of linear systems on a sensor network. A non-trivial example is illustrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid%20sensor%20networks" title="grid sensor networks">grid sensor networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roesser%20model" title=" Roesser model"> Roesser model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state-space%20realization" title=" state-space realization"> state-space realization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidimensional%20systems" title=" multidimensional systems"> multidimensional systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19671/a-new-realization-of-multidimensional-system-for-grid-sensor-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> 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