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.c-gallery-vertical-album__number{left:.063rem;top:2.875rem}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1{position:relative;width:100%}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._inner_159t8_1,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._inner_159t8_1{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;position:relative;z-index:var(--gutenberg-content--content)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._inner_159t8_1>*,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._inner_159t8_1>*{margin-block:0}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._inner_159t8_1>*+*,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._inner_159t8_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s3)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._inner_159t8_1>div:first-child+p,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._inner_159t8_1>div:first-child+p{margin-block-start:0}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._inner_159t8_1 figure,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._inner_159t8_1 figure{max-width:100%}@container (max-width:1019px){._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._inner_159t8_1 .is-resized img,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._inner_159t8_1 .is-resized img{height:auto!important}}@media only screen and (max-width:1019px){._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._inner_159t8_1 .is-resized img,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._inner_159t8_1 .is-resized img{height:auto!important}}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._socialMedia_159t8_1,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=featured-article] ._socialMedia_159t8_1{height:100%;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:var(--gutenberg-content--social-share);container-type:inline-size;container-name:social-media}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=article] ._socialMedia_159t8_1 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[data-component=cards-special-coverage]{margin-block-start:var(--s2)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=homepage] [data-component=newsletter],._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=homepage] [data-component=promotion]{margin-block-start:var(--s5)}}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=content] ._inner_159t8_1>*{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:100%}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=content] ._inner_159t8_1>.alignfull{max-width:var(--nova--full--width)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=content] ._inner_159t8_1>.alignwide{max-width:var(--nova--breakpoint--width)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>:not(.wp-block-separator){max-width:var(--nova--site--width);width:calc(100% - 2rem)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>.alignwide,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>.wp-block-columns,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>.wp-block-cover,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>[data-full-width=true]{max-width:unset;width:100%}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>blockquote,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>h1,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>h2,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>h3,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>h4,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>h5,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>h6,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>ol,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>p,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-inner-width=site] ._inner_159t8_1>ul{max-width:var(--nova--content--width)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 ._inner_159t8_1.wp-align-wide{max-width:100%}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 ._inner_159t8_1 iframe:not([data-component=ad-unit]):not([id^=google_ads]){aspect-ratio:16/9;width:100%}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=hub]{padding-bottom:4rem}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=hub]>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s3)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=hub] .alignwide figcaption,._gutenbergContent_159t8_1[data-template=hub] [data-align=alignwide] figcaption{max-width:calc(var(--nova--site--width) - var(--s1));width:calc(100% - 2rem)}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 .is-style-specs table{border:.12rem solid #000;border-collapse:collapse}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 .is-style-specs td{border:1px solid #ccc;font-family:var(--nova--font-family--helvetica);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.125;padding:1rem}@media only screen and (max-width:768px){._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 .is-style-specs td{display:block}}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 .is-style-specs tr:first-child td{border-top:0}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 .is-style-specs tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}._gutenbergContent_159t8_1 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#cecece;display:flex;gap:1rem;justify-content:space-around;padding-left:1rem}._headerSticky_6reyr_1 ._inner_6reyr_1 [data-inline=true] [data-alias=menu__list]{gap:2rem}._headerSticky_6reyr_1 ._inner_6reyr_1 [data-alias=menu__list] a:hover{text-decoration:none}._headerSticky_6reyr_1 [data-component=header-banner]{padding:6px 0}._headerSticky_6reyr_1 [data-component=header-banner] [data-alias=header-banner__title]::before{height:19px}._headerSticky_6reyr_1 [data-component=header-banner] [data-alias=header-banner__title-prefix]{font-size:16px;letter-spacing:.8px;padding-left:15px}._headerSticky_6reyr_1 [data-component=header-banner] [data-alias=header-banner__title-prefix]::before{height:9px;width:9px}._headerSticky_6reyr_1 [data-component=header-banner] [data-alias=sponsor-section] [data-alias=button__inner]{font-size:11px;line-height:1;padding:6px}._headerSticky_7ygxt_1 [data-alias=header__center-content] span{font-weight:500}._headerSticky_7ygxt_1 [data-alias=header__right-text]{color:var(--artforum--color--pink)}._headerSticky_7ygxt_1 ._inner_7ygxt_1 [data-inline=true] [data-alias=menu__list]{gap:1.25rem}@keyframes _slideDown_1dldt_1{0%{transform:translateY(-100%)}100%{transform:translateY(0)}}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1{max-width:100vw;position:relative}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1>div:not([data-component=ad-unit]){z-index:var(--header-wrapper--default--z-index)}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1>[data-component=ad-unit]{background-color:var(--nova--color--white);padding:0}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1>[data-component=ad-unit] [data-alias=ad-unit__inner]{border:none;padding:.5rem 0}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 [data-component=header-mobile]{display:none}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 ._primaryHeaders_1dldt_1{display:none}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 [data-component=header-mobile]{display:inline-block;width:100%}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1._isSticky_1dldt_1 [data-component=header-mobile],[data-sticky-header=true] 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[data-component=header-sticky]{animation-duration:250ms;animation-fill-mode:forwards;animation-name:_slideDown_1dldt_1;display:block;position:fixed;top:var(--login-bar-height);transform:translateY(0)}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 [data-alias=header__hide-mega-menu]{display:none}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 [data-component=mega-menu-wrapper]{--mega-menu-top-offset:var(--login-bar-height);height:100%;left:0;min-height:100vh;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:scroll;position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:var(--mega-menu--default--z-index);top:var(--mega-menu-top-offset);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transform:translateY(calc(-100% - var(--mega-menu-top-offset)));visibility:hidden;transition:opacity .3s cubic-bezier(.455, .03, .515, .955),transform .3s cubic-bezier(.215, .61, .355, 1),visibility .3s cubic-bezier(.215, .61, .355, 1)}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1._hasMegaMenuOpen_1dldt_1 [data-component=mega-menu-wrapper],body[data-mega-menu-open=true] ._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 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[data-component=header-search]{position:fixed;top:calc(var(--login-bar-height) + var(--sticky-nav-height))}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1._hasSearchBarOpen_1dldt_1 [data-component=header-search],body[data-search-open=true] ._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 [data-component=header-search]{display:block}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1._hasSearchBarOpen_1dldt_1 [data-alias=header__hide-search],body[data-search-open=true] ._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 [data-alias=header__hide-search]{display:block}._headerWrapper_1dldt_1._hasSearchBarOpen_1dldt_1 [data-alias=header__show-search],body[data-search-open=true] ._headerWrapper_1dldt_1 [data-alias=header__show-search]{display:none}._headerWrapper_1mi78_1 [data-alias=menu_item_wrapper] [data-component=text] a.active{color:var(--artforum--color--pink);font-weight:500}._icon_1n8vg_1{align-items:baseline;display:inline-flex;height:var(--s0)}._icon_1n8vg_1 svg{fill:currentColor;height:100%}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column;margin:0}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1>*{margin-block:0}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1>*+*{margin-block-start:0.25rem}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=oneByOne] ._image_n62wr_1{aspect-ratio:1;overflow:hidden;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=oneByOne] ._image_n62wr_1>img,._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=oneByOne] ._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=twoByOne] ._image_n62wr_1{aspect-ratio:2;overflow:hidden;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=twoByOne] ._image_n62wr_1>img,._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=twoByOne] ._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=twoByThree] 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._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fourByThree] ._image_n62wr_1{aspect-ratio:1.3333333333;overflow:hidden;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fourByThree] ._image_n62wr_1>img,._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fourByThree] ._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fourByFive] ._image_n62wr_1{aspect-ratio:0.8;overflow:hidden;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fourByFive] ._image_n62wr_1>img,._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fourByFive] ._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fiveByFour] ._image_n62wr_1{aspect-ratio:1.25;overflow:hidden;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fiveByFour] ._image_n62wr_1>img,._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=fiveByFour] ._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=sixteenByNine] ._image_n62wr_1{aspect-ratio:1.7777777778;overflow:hidden;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=sixteenByNine] ._image_n62wr_1>img,._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=sixteenByNine] ._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=nineBySixteen] ._image_n62wr_1{aspect-ratio:0.5625;overflow:hidden;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=nineBySixteen] ._image_n62wr_1>img,._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[data-ratio=nineBySixteen] ._image_n62wr_1>video{inline-size:100%;block-size:100%;object-fit:cover}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1[hidden] ._image_n62wr_1{display:none}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._image_n62wr_1{position:relative;text-align:center;width:100%}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._image_n62wr_1 img{width:100%}@media only screen and (max-width:582px){._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._imageMeta_n62wr_1{max-width:var(--nova--site--width);width:calc(100% - 2rem)}}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._imageMeta_n62wr_1 *{display:inline}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._imageMeta_n62wr_1 ._imageCaption_n62wr_1+._imageCredit_n62wr_1{margin-left:.25rem}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._badge_n62wr_1{align-items:center;background-color:#000;bottom:var(--s-4);color:#fff;display:flex;font-size:var(--s-2);gap:var(--s-6);left:var(--s-4);padding:var(3px 5px);position:absolute;text-transform:uppercase;z-index:var(--content-image-badges--z-index)}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._badge_n62wr_1 svg{width:11px;height:11px;fill:white}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1 ._videoPreview_n62wr_1{bottom:var(--s-4);cursor:pointer;left:var(--s-4);padding:3px 5px;position:absolute;width:clamp(40px,18%,72px);height:clamp(45px,28%,72px)}._imageWrapper_n62wr_1:hover 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.play-icon__videoPlayBorder{stroke-dashoffset:0;stroke:#FFFFFF;transition:stroke-dashoffset .5s cubic-bezier(.445, .05, .55, .95),stroke .2s cubic-bezier(.445, .05, .55, .95)}._link_4y2pz_1{--link--color:--link--link--color;--link--color--on-hover:var(--nova--color--primary);cursor:pointer;color:var(--link--color)}._link_4y2pz_1:hover{color:var(--link--color--on-hover)}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1{container-type:inline-size;container-name:mega-menu-footer;background-color:#fff;border-top:1px solid #dcdcdc;max-width:100%}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1,._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._top_1k23c_1{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s0);justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:space-between;padding:1rem 0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--nova--megamenu--width);width:calc(100% - 2rem)}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._top_1k23c_1{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s1);align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid #000}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._top_1k23c_1>:first-child{flex-basis:300px;flex-grow:1}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._top_1k23c_1>:last-child{flex-basis:0;flex-grow:999;min-inline-size:50%}@container mega-menu-footer (max-width:550px){._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._top_1k23c_1 [data-component=social-media]{flex-direction:column}}@media only screen and (max-width:550px){._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._top_1k23c_1 [data-component=social-media]{flex-direction:column}}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s1);align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1>*{flex-grow:1;flex-basis:calc((60rem - 100%) * 999)}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1>:nth-last-child(n+4),._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1>:nth-last-child(n+4)~*{flex-basis:100%}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-component=menu] li a{font-family:var(--nova--font-family--arial);font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 ._copyright_1k23c_1{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s0);justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-alias=mega-menu-footer__copyright-text]{font-family:var(--nova--font-family--arial);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.1px;line-height:18px}@container mega-menu-footer (max-width:550px){._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-component=menu] [data-alias=menu__list]{margin:auto}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-component=menu] [data-alias=menu__list] [data-component=menu-item] li a{font-size:10px}}@media only screen and (max-width:550px){._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-component=menu] [data-alias=menu__list]{margin:auto}._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-component=menu] [data-alias=menu__list] [data-component=menu-item] li a{font-size:10px}}@container mega-menu-footer (max-width:60rem){._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 ._copyright_1k23c_1,._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-alias=menu__nav]{justify-content:center;text-align:center}}@media only screen and (max-width:60rem){._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 ._copyright_1k23c_1,._megaMenuFooter_1k23c_1 ._bottom_1k23c_1 [data-alias=menu__nav]{justify-content:center;text-align:center}}._megaMenuFooter_1gwwt_1 [data-component=social-media] [data-component=icon]{color:var(--artforum--color--pink)}._megaMenuFooter_1gwwt_1 [data-alias=button__text]{min-width:3.75rem}._megaMenuHeader_10tep_1{container-type:inline-size;container-name:mega-menu-header;background-color:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc}._megaMenuHeader_10tep_1 ._inner_10tep_1{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s1);align-items:center;padding:1rem 0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--nova--megamenu--width);width:calc(100% - 2rem)}._megaMenuHeader_10tep_1 ._inner_10tep_1>:first-child{flex-basis:200px;flex-grow:1}._megaMenuHeader_10tep_1 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[data-alias=button__inner]{margin-left:-.5rem;margin-right:-.5rem;padding:.5rem}._megaMenuWrapper_1ew51_1{container-type:inline-size;container-name:mega-menu-wrapper;background-color:#fff}._megaMenuWrapper_1ew51_1 ._menus_1ew51_1{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--nova--megamenu--width)}@container mega-menu-wrapper (min-width:768px){._megaMenuWrapper_1ew51_1 ._menus_1ew51_1{width:calc(100% - 2rem)}}._megaMenuWrapper_1ew51_1 ._menus_1ew51_1 ._inner_1ew51_1{display:grid;grid-gap:var(--s6) var(--s7)}@supports (width:min(230px,100%)){._megaMenuWrapper_1ew51_1 ._menus_1ew51_1 ._inner_1ew51_1{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(230px,100%),1fr))}}@container mega-menu-wrapper (max-width:768px){._megaMenuWrapper_1ew51_1 ._menus_1ew51_1 ._inner_1ew51_1{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0;padding:0}}@container mega-menu-wrapper (max-width:768px){._megaMenuWrapper_1ew51_1 ._menus_1ew51_1 ._inner_1ew51_1 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._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=false] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=false] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s0)}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=false] ._inner_1n6g9_1 [data-alias=menu__list] li a{display:inline-block;padding:.5rem 0;width:100%}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=true] ._inner_1n6g9_1{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s0);justify-content:flex-start;flex-wrap:nowrap}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=true] [data-alias=menu__list]{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s0);justify-content:flex-start;list-style-type:none;padding-left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=true] [data-alias=menu__list] li{display:flex;align-items:center}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=true] [data-alias=menu__list] li a{display:inline-block}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=true] [data-alias=menu__list] li a.lowercase{text-transform:lowercase}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-inline=true] [data-alias=menu__list] li a.bold{font-weight:600}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu]{padding:2rem 0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s-4)}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1{border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-bottom:.5rem}@container footer (max-width:768px){._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu]{padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1{border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1 [data-alias=menu__heading]{padding-left:1rem 0 1rem 1rem}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] [data-alias=menu__list] li{background-color:#f5f5f5;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;width:100%}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] [data-alias=menu__list] li a{color:#000;padding:1rem!important}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu][data-collapsible=expanded]{border:none;background-color:var(--mega-menu-expanded-bg,#5b619a);color:#fff}}@container mega-menu-wrapper (max-width:768px){._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu]{padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1{border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1 [data-alias=menu__heading]{padding-left:1rem 0 1rem 1rem}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] [data-alias=menu__list] li{background-color:#f5f5f5;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;width:100%}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] [data-alias=menu__list] li a{color:#000;padding:1rem!important}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu][data-collapsible=expanded]{border:none;background-color:var(--mega-menu-expanded-bg,#5b619a);color:#fff}}@media only screen and (max-width:768px){._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu]{padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1{border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1 [data-alias=menu__heading]{padding-left:1rem 0 1rem 1rem}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] [data-alias=menu__list] li{background-color:#f5f5f5;border-bottom:1px solid #dcdcdc;width:100%}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu] [data-alias=menu__list] li a{color:#000;padding:1rem!important}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=mega-menu][data-collapsible=expanded]{border:none;background-color:var(--mega-menu-expanded-bg,#5b619a);color:#fff}}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] [data-alias=menu__list]{margin-block-start:var(--s-4)}@container footer (max-width:768px){._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer]{box-sizing:content-box;max-inline-size:var(--nova--site--width);margin-inline:auto;text-align:inherit;padding-inline-start:0;padding-inline-end:0;width:100%}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1{border:1px solid #fff}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1{padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1 [data-alias=menu__heading]{padding-left:1rem}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] [data-alias=menu__list] li a{padding:1rem!important}}@container mega-menu-wrapper (max-width:768px){._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer]{box-sizing:content-box;max-inline-size:var(--nova--site--width);margin-inline:auto;text-align:inherit;padding-inline-start:0;padding-inline-end:0;width:100%}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1{border:1px solid #fff}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1{padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1 [data-alias=menu__heading]{padding-left:1rem}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] [data-alias=menu__list] li a{padding:1rem!important}}@media only screen and (max-width:768px){._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer]{box-sizing:content-box;max-inline-size:var(--nova--site--width);margin-inline:auto;text-align:inherit;padding-inline-start:0;padding-inline-end:0;width:100%}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1{border:1px solid #fff}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*{margin-block:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._inner_1n6g9_1>*+*{margin-block-start:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1{padding:0}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] ._headingWrapper_1n6g9_1 [data-alias=menu__heading]{padding-left:1rem}._menu_1n6g9_1[data-theme=footer] [data-alias=menu__list] li a{padding:1rem!important}}._menu_1n6g9_1{container-name:menu}._menu_1n6g9_1 ._toggleButton_1n6g9_1{display:none}._menu_1n6g9_1 ._screenReaderText_1n6g9_1{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal}._menuItem_k8deq_1 ._menuItemTextWrapper_k8deq_1{align-items:center;display:flex}._menuItem_k8deq_1 ._menuItem_k8deq_1{position:relative}._menuItem_k8deq_1 ._subMenuContainer_k8deq_1{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #d0d0d0;box-shadow:5px 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.3411764706);display:none;max-height:250px;max-width:300px;overflow-y:auto;padding:20px 18px;position:absolute;z-index:var(--menu--default--z-index)}._menuItem_k8deq_1 ._subMenuContainer_k8deq_1 [data-component=text] a{padding:.5rem 0}._menuItem_k8deq_1[data-expanded=true] ._subMenuContainer_k8deq_1{display:block}._menuItem_k8deq_1 [data-component=icon]{height:var(--s-3)}._newsletter_w7wc2_1{container-type:inline-size;container-name:newsletter;width:100%}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._screenReaderText_w7wc2_1{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 [data-alias=newsletter__disclaimer]{font-family:var(--nova--font-family--arial);font-size:10px;line-height:14px;margin-top:.5rem}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 [data-alias=newsletter__disclaimer] a{color:inherit;font-weight:700}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 [data-alias=newsletter__disclaimer] a:hover{text-decoration:none}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s2);align-items:center}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1>*{flex-grow:1;flex-basis:calc((35rem - 100%) * 999)}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1>:nth-last-child(n+4),._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1>:nth-last-child(n+4)~*{flex-basis:100%}@container newsletter (max-width:35rem){._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._left_w7wc2_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._left_w7wc2_1>*{margin-block:0}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._left_w7wc2_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s0)}}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._left_w7wc2_1 [data-component=icon]{height:26px;justify-content:center}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._right_w7wc2_1{flex-grow:inherit;width:100%}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._right_w7wc2_1 ._form_w7wc2_1{display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;gap:var(--s0)}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._right_w7wc2_1 ._form_w7wc2_1 input{width:295px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;display:inline-flex;border:none;border-bottom:2px solid var(--nova--color--gray-30);display:inline-block;flex-grow:1;line-height:140%}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 [data-alias=button__inner]{padding:var(--s-5) var(--s4)!important}@container newsletter (max-width:35rem){._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 [data-component=button],._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 [data-component=text]{box-sizing:content-box;max-inline-size:var(--nova--site--width);margin-inline:auto;text-align:inherit;padding-inline-start:0;padding-inline-end:0;align-items:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center}}@container newsletter (max-width:25rem){._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._form_w7wc2_1,._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._right_w7wc2_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._form_w7wc2_1>*,._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._right_w7wc2_1>*{margin-block:0}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._form_w7wc2_1>*+*,._newsletter_w7wc2_1 ._inner_w7wc2_1 ._right_w7wc2_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s0)}}._newsletter_w7wc2_1 [data-alias=button__inner]{align-items:center;display:flex;gap:12px}._newsletter_w7wc2_1[data-theme=footer]{background-color:#000;color:#fff}._newsletter_w7wc2_1[data-theme=footer] input{color:#fff}._newsletter_w7wc2_1[data-theme=footer] svg{fill:white}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._inner_hjxha_1{background-color:var(--artforum--color--pink);color:#fff;padding:var(--s4)}@container newsletter (max-width:40rem){._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._inner_hjxha_1{gap:0;padding:var(--s5) var(--s0)}}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._left_hjxha_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._left_hjxha_1>*{margin-block:0}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._left_hjxha_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s-6)}@container newsletter (max-width:40rem){._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._left_hjxha_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._left_hjxha_1>*{margin-block:0}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._left_hjxha_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s0)}}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._right_hjxha_1 ._form_hjxha_1 input{border-bottom-color:var(--nova--color--white)}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) ._right_hjxha_1 [data-alias=button__text]{min-width:3.75rem}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) [data-alias=newsletter__disclaimer] a:hover{color:currentColor;text-decoration:underline!important}._newsletter_hjxha_1:not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]):not(._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=mega-menu]) [data-alias=newsletter__heading]{text-transform:unset}._newsletter_hjxha_1[data-theme=footer]{background-color:unset}._outbrain_6eaeo_1 ._placeholder_6eaeo_1{background-color:inherit;border:none;color:inherit;padding:2rem;border:1px solid #000;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-size:var(--s0);text-transform:uppercase;background-color:#d3d3d3;min-height:400px}._plutoTv_t4kc5_1 ._inner_t4kc5_1{position:relative}._plutoTv_t4kc5_1 ._inner_t4kc5_1 ._closeButton_t4kc5_1{position:absolute;cursor:pointer;height:25px;top:15px;right:15px;padding:5px 6px;background:#000;color:#fff;border-radius:20px;font-weight:700;font-size:9px;border:2px solid #fff;opacity:0;transition:opacity .55s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:opacity .55s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition:opacity .55s ease-in-out}._plutoTv_t4kc5_1 ._inner_t4kc5_1 [data-component=icon]{width:10px;height:10px}._plutoTv_t4kc5_1 ._inner_t4kc5_1:hover ._closeButton_t4kc5_1{display:inline;background:#000;color:#fff;opacity:1;transition:opacity .55s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:opacity .55s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition:opacity .55s ease-in-out}._promotion_omn3k_1{container-type:inline-size;container-name:newsletter;width:100%}._promotion_omn3k_1 [data-alias=newsletter__disclaimer]{font-family:var(--nova--font-family--arial);font-size:10px;line-height:19px}._promotion_omn3k_1 ._inner_omn3k_1{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s2);align-items:center}._promotion_omn3k_1 ._inner_omn3k_1>*{flex-grow:1;flex-basis:calc((40rem - 100%) * 999)}._promotion_omn3k_1 ._inner_omn3k_1>:nth-last-child(n+4),._promotion_omn3k_1 ._inner_omn3k_1>:nth-last-child(n+4)~*{flex-basis:100%}@container newsletter (max-width:40rem){._promotion_omn3k_1 ._inner_omn3k_1 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svg{fill:white}._promotion_1x60j_1{background:var(--artforum--color--light-gray)}._promotion_1x60j_1 ._inner_1x60j_1{gap:8px;padding:20px}._promotion_1x60j_1 ._inner_1x60j_1 ._right_1x60j_1{flex-basis:auto;flex-grow:0}._promotion_1x60j_1 ._inner_1x60j_1 [data-component=text][data-alias=promotion__primary-text]{text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-top:12px}._promotion_1x60j_1 ._inner_1x60j_1 [data-component=text][data-alias=promotion__secondary-text]{text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-top:8px}._rightRail_34dww_1{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._rightRail_34dww_1>*{margin-block:0}._rightRail_34dww_1>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s2)}._rightRail_34dww_1>.nova-right-rail{display:flex;flex-direction:column}._rightRail_34dww_1>.nova-right-rail>*{margin-block:0}._rightRail_34dww_1>.nova-right-rail>*+*{margin-block-start:var(--s2)}._rightRail_34dww_1>.nova-right-rail>:first-child [data-alias=ad-unit__inner]{border-top:none;padding-top:0}._rightRail_34dww_1 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href='https://www.artforum.com/features/a-drawing-page-a-project-for-artforum-2-204100/' target='_self'>A DRAWING PAGE: A PROJECT FOR <EM>ARTFORUM</EM></a></div><div data-alias="card__meta"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__publication' data-alignment='' data-theme='' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/issue/1991/may-1991-253282/'><span data-alias="card__publication__print">Print</span> MAY 1991</a></div></div><div class="_button_1tc6x_1 _button_17ri9_1 " data-component="button" data-alias="card__read_more_button" data-alignment="" data-full-width="false" data-has-icon="true" data-theme=""><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/a-drawing-page-a-project-for-artforum-2-204100/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='1' data-post-id='204100' class="_inner_1tc6x_1 _inner_17ri9_1" data-alias="button__inner"><span data-alias="button__text">Read more</span><div class="_icon_1n8vg_1" data-component="icon" data-icon-name="full-arrow"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 12.749 8.9"> <g transform="translate(0.001)"> <path d="M13985.4,19789l2.1-2.8H13977v-1.5h10.5l-2.1-2.8,1.2-.9,3,4a.75.75,0,0,1,0,.9l-3,4Z" transform="translate(-13977 -19781)"/> </g> </svg> </div></a></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="209014" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="md" data-layout="stack" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' ><a data-card-index='2' data-post-id='209014' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/on-the-walls-of-the-lower-east-side-1979-209014/' target='_self'>ON THE 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data-alias="button__inner"><div class="_icon_1n8vg_1" data-component="icon" data-icon-name="tumblr"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" id="tumblr"><path d="M8.998 6.995v3.664c0 .924-.01 1.464.086 1.728.096.259.338.531.613.691a2.3 2.3 0 0 0 1.204.314c.811 0 1.296-.104 2.1-.629v2.405a8.956 8.956 0 0 1-1.838.636A7.542 7.542 0 0 1 9.369 16c-.733 0-1.169-.09-1.723-.273a4.131 4.131 0 0 1-1.443-.794c-.405-.34-.67-.703-.825-1.089-.158-.383-.232-.944-.232-1.679V6.558H2.999V4.291c.632-.207 1.332-.498 1.784-.879a4.43 4.43 0 0 0 1.07-1.378c.275-.528.462-1.211.566-2.034h2.579v4.001h4.003v2.994H8.998z"></path></svg> </div><span data-alias="button__text">Post to Tumblr</span></a></div></li> </ul></div></div><div class="_inner_159t8_1 _inner_15dmu_1" data-alias="gutenberg-content__content"><p><em>The editor has written me that he is in favor of avoiding “the notion that the artist is a kind of ape that has to be explained by the civilized critic.” This should be good news to both artists and apes. With this assurance I hope to justify his confidence. To continue a baseball metaphor (one artist wanted to hit the ball out of the park, another to stay loose at the plate and hit the ball where it was pitched), I am grateful for the opportunity to strike out for myself.</em></p> <p><strong>I WILL REFER TO THE KIND</strong> of art in which I am involved as conceptual art. In conceptual art the idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work. <strong> When an artist uses a conceptual form of art, it means that all of the planning and decisions are made beforehand and the execution is a perfunctory affair. The idea becomes a machine that makes the art. This kind of art is not theoretical or illustrative of theories; it is intuitive, it is involved with all types of mental processes and it is purposeless. It is usually free from the dependence on the skill of the artist as a craftsman. It is the objective of the artist who is concerned with conceptual art to make his work mentally interesting to the spectator, and therefore usually he would want it to become emotionally dry. There is no reason to suppose however, that the conceptual artist is out to bore the viewer. It is only the expectation of an emotional kick, to which one conditioned to expressionist art is accustomed, that would deter the viewer from perceiving this art.</strong> <div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" data-ad-empty="false" data-disable-styles><div class="_inner_9ldrc_1" data-alias="ad-unit__inner"> <div class="admz " id="adm-inline-article-ad-1"> <div class="adma boomerang " data-device="Desktop" data-width="580"> <div style="min-width:300px;min-height:225px;" class="pmc-adm-boomerang-pub-div ad-text" data-priority="10" > <div id="gpt-dsk-tab-ros-midarticle1-uid0" class=" adw-580 adh-200" data-is-adhesion-ad=""> <script type="application/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads .defineSlot( 'medrec', 'gpt-dsk-tab-ros-midarticle1-uid0' ) .setTargeting( 'pos', ["btf","bottom","mid-article"] ) .setSubAdUnitPath("ros\/mid-banner1") .addSize([[580,200],[300,250],[300,251]]) ; }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="_adUnitGallery_q9s6l_1" data-component="ad-unit-gallery" data-is-mobile="false" data-ad-units-to-display-on-desktop="5" data-ad-units-to-display-on-mobile="5"><div class="_inner_q9s6l_1"><div class="_desktop_q9s6l_1"><div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" data-ad-empty="false" data-disable-styles><div class="_inner_9ldrc_1" data-alias="ad-unit__inner"> <div class="admz " id="adm-ad-unit-gallery"> <div class="adma boomerang " data-device="Desktop" data-width="110"> <div style="min-width:110px;min-height:110px;" class="pmc-adm-boomerang-pub-div " data-priority="9" > <div id="gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid2" class="" data-is-adhesion-ad=""> <script type="application/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads .defineSlot( 'nativemini', 'gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid2' ) .setSubAdUnitPath("ros\/gallerytile") .addSize([[110,110]]) .enableAutoRefresh() .setDefaultAutoRefreshTime(15) ; 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}); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div><div class="_mobile_q9s6l_1"></div></div></div><div class="_cardsRelatedContent_fxecd_1 _cardsRelatedContent_hdm1l_1" data-component="cards-related-content"><div><div class="_cards_zw82l_1" data-component="cards" data-collapse-to-xs="false" data-layout="inline" data-size="md" data-spacing="s-3" data-cards-spacing="s0"><div class="_inner_zw82l_1" data-alias="cards__inner"><div class="_heading_zw82l_1" data-alias="cards__heading-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='cards__heading' data-alignment='' data-theme='heading-primary-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >Related</div></div><div class="_cardsWrapper_zw82l_1" data-alias="cards__inner-wrapper"> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="211313" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="s0" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="sixteenByNine" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/american-sculpture-at-the-los-angeles-county-museum-211313/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='0' data-post-id='211313' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-37.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1" alt="Paragraphs on Conceptual Art" height="168" width="300" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-37.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1&resize=600%2C337 600w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-37.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1&resize=125%2C70 125w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-37.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1&resize=300%2C168 300w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="116572" data-wp-size="nova_size__sixteenbynine_small_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='3' id='' ><a data-card-index='0' data-post-id='211313' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/american-sculpture-at-the-los-angeles-county-museum-211313/' target='_self'>AMERICAN SCULPTURE AT THE LOS ANGELES COUNTY MUSEUM</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="211317" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="s0" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="sixteenByNine" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/art-and-objecthood-211317/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='1' data-post-id='211317' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-38.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1" alt="Paragraphs on Conceptual Art" height="168" width="300" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-38.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1&resize=600%2C337 600w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-38.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1&resize=125%2C70 125w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-38.jpg?w=300&h=168&crop=1&resize=300%2C168 300w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="116578" data-wp-size="nova_size__sixteenbynine_small_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='3' id='' ><a data-card-index='1' data-post-id='211317' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/art-and-objecthood-211317/' target='_self'>ART AND OBJECTHOOD</a></div></div></div></div> </div></div></div></div></div></p> <p> In other forms of art the concept may be changed in the process of execution.</p> <p>Conceptual art is not necessarily logical. The logic of a piece or series of pieces is a device that is used at times only to be ruined. Logic may be used to camouflage the real intent of the artist to lull the viewer into the belief that he understands the work, or to infer a paradoxical situation (such as logic vs. illogic). <strong> The ideas need not be complex. Most ideas that are successful are ludicrously simple. Successful ideas generally have the appearance of simplicity because they seem inevitable. In terms of idea the artist is free to even surprise himself. Ideas are discovered by intuition.</strong></p> <p> Some ideas are logical in conception and illogical perceptually. <div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" data-ad-empty="false" data-disable-styles><div class="_inner_9ldrc_1" data-alias="ad-unit__inner"> <div class="admz " id="adm-inline-article-ad-2"> <div class="adma boomerang " data-device="Desktop" data-width="580"> <div style="min-width:300px;min-height:225px;" class="pmc-adm-boomerang-pub-div ad-text" data-priority="10" > <div id="gpt-dsk-tab-ros-midarticle2-uid1" class=" adw-580 adh-200" data-is-adhesion-ad=""> <script type="application/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads .defineSlot( 'medrec', 'gpt-dsk-tab-ros-midarticle2-uid1' ) .setTargeting( 'pos', ["btf","bottom","mid-article"] ) .setSubAdUnitPath("ros\/mid-banner2") .addSize([[580,200],[300,250],[300,251]]) ; }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></p> <p>What the work of art looks like isn’t too important. It has to look like something if it has physical form. No matter what form it may finally have it must begin with an idea. It is the process of conception and realization with which the artist is concerned. Once given physical reality by the artist the work is open to the perception of all, including the artist. (I use the word “perception” to mean the apprehension of the sense data, the objective understanding of the idea and simultaneously a subjective interpretation of both.) The work of art can only be perceived after it is completed. <div class="_adUnitGallery_q9s6l_1" data-component="ad-unit-gallery" data-is-mobile="false" data-ad-units-to-display-on-desktop="4" data-ad-units-to-display-on-mobile="4"><div class="_inner_q9s6l_1"><div class="_desktop_q9s6l_1"><div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" data-ad-empty="false" data-disable-styles><div class="_inner_9ldrc_1" data-alias="ad-unit__inner"> <div class="admz " id="adm-ad-unit-gallery-5"> <div class="adma boomerang " data-device="Desktop" data-width="110"> <div style="min-width:110px;min-height:110px;" class="pmc-adm-boomerang-pub-div " data-priority="9" > <div id="gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid7" class="" data-is-adhesion-ad=""> <script type="application/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads .defineSlot( 'nativemini', 'gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid7' ) .setSubAdUnitPath("ros\/gallerytile") .addSize([[110,110]]) .enableAutoRefresh() .setDefaultAutoRefreshTime(15) ; }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" data-ad-empty="false" data-disable-styles><div class="_inner_9ldrc_1" data-alias="ad-unit__inner"> <div class="admz " id="adm-ad-unit-gallery-6"> <div class="adma boomerang " data-device="Desktop" data-width="110"> <div style="min-width:110px;min-height:110px;" class="pmc-adm-boomerang-pub-div " data-priority="9" > <div id="gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid8" class="" data-is-adhesion-ad=""> <script type="application/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads .defineSlot( 'nativemini', 'gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid8' ) .setSubAdUnitPath("ros\/gallerytile") .addSize([[110,110]]) .enableAutoRefresh() .setDefaultAutoRefreshTime(15) ; }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" data-ad-empty="false" data-disable-styles><div class="_inner_9ldrc_1" data-alias="ad-unit__inner"> <div class="admz " id="adm-ad-unit-gallery-7"> <div class="adma boomerang " data-device="Desktop" data-width="110"> <div style="min-width:110px;min-height:110px;" class="pmc-adm-boomerang-pub-div " data-priority="9" > <div id="gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid9" class="" data-is-adhesion-ad=""> <script type="application/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads .defineSlot( 'nativemini', 'gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid9' ) .setSubAdUnitPath("ros\/gallerytile") .addSize([[110,110]]) .enableAutoRefresh() .setDefaultAutoRefreshTime(15) ; }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" data-ad-empty="false" data-disable-styles><div class="_inner_9ldrc_1" data-alias="ad-unit__inner"> <div class="admz " id="adm-ad-unit-gallery-8"> <div class="adma boomerang " data-device="Desktop" data-width="110"> <div style="min-width:110px;min-height:110px;" class="pmc-adm-boomerang-pub-div " data-priority="9" > <div id="gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid10" class="" data-is-adhesion-ad=""> <script type="application/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads .defineSlot( 'nativemini', 'gpt-dsk-tab-ros-gallerytile-uid10' ) .setSubAdUnitPath("ros\/gallerytile") .addSize([[110,110]]) .enableAutoRefresh() .setDefaultAutoRefreshTime(15) ; }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div><div class="_mobile_q9s6l_1"></div></div></div></p> <p>Art that is meant for the sensation of the eye primarily would be called perceptual rather than conceptual. This would include most optical, kinetic, light and color art.</p> <p>Since the functions of conception and perception are contradictory (one pre-, the other post-fact) the artist would mitigate his idea by applying subjective judgment to it. If the artist wishes to explore his idea thoroughly, then arbitrary or chance decisions would be kept to a minimum, while caprice, taste and other whimsies would be eliminated from the making of the art. The work does not necessarily have to be rejected if it does not look well. Sometimes what is initially thought to be awkward will eventually be visually pleasing.</p> <p>To work with a plan that is pre-set is one way of avoiding subjectivity. It also obviates the necessity of designing each work in turn. The plan would design the work. Some plans would require millions of variations, and some a limited number, but both are finite. Other plans imply infinity. In each case however, the artist would select the basic form and rules that would govern the solution of the problem. After that the fewer decisions made in the course of completing the work, the better. This eliminates the arbitrary, the capricious, and the subjective as much as possible. That is the reason for using this method.</p> <p>When an artist uses a multiple modular method he usually chooses a simple and readily available form. The form itself is of very limited importance; it becomes the grammar for the total work. In fact it is best that the basic unit be deliberately uninteresting so that it may more easily become an intrinsic part of the entire work. Using complex basic forms only disrupts the unity of the whole. Using a simple form repeatedly narrows the field of the work and concentrates the intensity to the arrangement of the form. This arrangement becomes the end while the form becomes the means.</p> <p>Conceptual art doesn’t really have much to do with mathematics, philosophy or any other mental discipline. The mathematics used by most artists is simple arithmetic or simple number systems. The philosophy of the work is implicit in the work and is not an illustration of any system of philosophy.</p> <p>It doesn’t really matter if the viewer understands the concepts of the artist by seeing the art. Once out of his hand the artist has no control over the way a viewer will perceive the work. Different people will understand the same thing in a different way.</p> <p>Recently there has been much written about minimal art, but I have not discovered anyone who admits to doing this kind of thing. There are other art forms around called primary structures, reductive, rejective, cool, and mini-art. No artist I know will own up to any of these either. Therefore I conclude that it is part of a secret language that art critics use when communicating with each other through the medium of art magazines. Mini-art is best because it reminds one of mini-skirts and long-legged girls. It must refer to very small works of art. This is a very good idea. Perhaps “mini-art” shows could be sent around the country in matchboxes. Or maybe the mini-artist is a very small person, say under five feet tall. If so, much good work will be found in the primary schools (primary school primary structures). If the artist carries through his idea and makes it into visible form, then all the steps in the process are of importance. The idea itself, even if not made visual is as much a work of art as any finished product. All intervening steps—scribbles, sketches, drawings, failed work, models, studies, thoughts, conversations—are of interest. Those that show the thought process of the artist are sometimes more interesting than the final product.</p> <p>Determining what size a piece should be is difficult. If an idea requires three dimensions then it would seem any size would do. The question would be what size is best. If the thing were made gigantic then the size alone would be impressive and the idea may be lost entirely. Again, if it is too small, it may become inconsequential. The height of the viewer may have some bearing on the work and also the size of the space into which it will be placed. The artist may wish to place objects higher than the eye level of the viewer, or lower. I think the piece must be large enough to give the viewer whatever information he needs to understand the work and placed in such a way that will facilitate this understanding. (Unless the idea is of impediment and requires difficulty of vision or access.)</p> <p>Space can be thought of as the cubic area occupied by a three-dimensional volume. Any volume would occupy space. It is air and cannot be seen. It is the interval between things that can be measured. The intervals and measurements can be important to a work of art. If certain distances are important they will be made obvious in the piece. If space is relatively unimportant it can be regularized and made equal (things placed equal distances apart), to mitigate any interest in interval. Regular space might also become a metric time element, a kind of regular beat or pulse. When the interval is kept regular whatever is irregular gains more importance. Architecture and three-dimensional art are of completely opposite natures. The former is concerned with making an area with a specific function.</p> <p>Architecture, whether it is a work of art or not, must be utilitarian or else fail completely. Art is not utilitarian. When three dimensional art starts to take on some of the characteristics of architecture such as forming utilitarian areas it weakens its function as art. When the viewer is dwarfed by the large size of a piece this domination emphasizes the physical and emotive power of the form at the expense of losing the idea of the piece.</p> <p>New materials are one of the great afflictions of contemporary art. Some artists confuse new materials with new ideas. There is nothing worse than seeing art that wallows in gaudy baubles. By and large most artists who are attracted to these materials are the ones that lack the stringency of mind that would enable them to use the materials well. It takes a good artist to use new materials and make them into a work of art. The danger is, I think, in making the physicality of the materials so important that it becomes the idea of the work (another kind of expressionism).</p> <p>Three-dimensional art of any kind is a physical fact. This physicality is its most obvious and expressive content. Conceptual art is made to engage the mind of the viewer rather than his eye or emotions. The physicality of a three-dimensional object then becomes a contradiction to its non-emotive intent. Color, surface, texture, and shape only emphasize the physical aspects of the work. Anything that calls attention to and interests the viewer in this physicality is a deterrent to our understanding of the idea and is used as an expressive device. The conceptual artist would want to ameliorate this emphasis on materiality as much as possible or to use it in a paradoxical way. (To convert it into an idea.) This kind of art then, should be stated with the most economy of means. Any idea that is better stated in two dimensions should not be in three dimensions. Ideas may also be stated with numbers, photographs, or words or any way the artist chooses, the form being unimportant.</p> <p>These paragraphs are not intended as categorical imperatives but the ideas stated are as close as possible to my thinking at this time. <strong> These ideas are the result of my work as an artist and are subject to change as my experience changes. I have tried to state them with as much clarity as possible. If the statements I make are unclear it may mean the thinking is unclear. Even while writing these ideas there seemed to be obvious inconsistencies (which I have tried to correct, but others will probably slip by.) I do not advocate a conceptual form of art for all artists. I have found that it has worked well for me while other ways have not. It is one way of making art: other ways suit other artists. Nor do I think all conceptual art merits the viewer’s attention. Conceptual art is only good when the idea is good.</strong></p> <p> I dislike the term “work of art” because I am not in favor of work and the term sounds pretentious. But I don’t know what other term to use.</p> <p>—<em>Sol LeWitt</em></p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="800" src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-116642" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg 800w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=768,768 768w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=600,600 600w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=187,187 187w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=244,244 244w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=95,95 95w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=40,40 40w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=240,240 240w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=480,480 480w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=225,225 225w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=450,450 450w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=168,168 168w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=337,337 337w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=675,675 675w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=110,110 110w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=285,285 285w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=320,320 320w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article00_large-51.jpg?resize=640,640 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="800" src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article01_large-35.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-116643" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/article01_large-35.jpg 800w, 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data-transform='' data-truncate='2' id='' ><a data-card-index='0' data-post-id='1234721396' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/travis-jeppesen-venice-the-aspern-papers-1234721396/' target='_self'>THE ASPERN PAPERS</a></div><div data-alias="card__meta"><div class="_byline_efxxd_1" data-component="byline" data-expanded="false" data-has-authorswingout="false"><div class="_text_efxxd_1" data-alias="byline__text-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='' data-alignment='' data-theme='byline-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >By <a href="https://www.artforum.com/author/travis-jeppesen/"><span>Travis Jeppesen</span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="1234720796" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="oneByOne" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/1000-words-lee-ufan-pablo-larios-1234720796/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='1' data-post-id='1234720796' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1" alt="Lee Ufan" height="768" width="1160" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1 1160w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=150%2C99 150w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=300%2C199 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=768%2C508 768w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=1024%2C678 1024w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=151%2C100 151w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=600%2C397 600w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=282%2C187 282w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=1000%2C662 1000w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=244%2C162 244w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=143%2C95 143w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=60%2C40 60w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=254%2C168 254w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=509%2C337 509w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=1020%2C675 1020w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=227%2C150 227w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=453%2C300 453w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=906%2C600 906w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=110%2C73 110w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=285%2C189 285w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=320%2C212 320w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=640%2C424 640w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1000-words-lee_1.jpg?w=1160&h=768&crop=1&resize=800%2C530 800w" sizes="(max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="1234721134" data-wp-size="nova_size__onebyone_xl_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class="_badges_1ptpv_1 "><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__kicker' data-alignment='' data-theme='category-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' data-text='1000-words' ><a href='http://artforum.com/t/1000-words/'>1000 Words</a></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='2' id='' ><a data-card-index='1' data-post-id='1234720796' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/1000-words-lee-ufan-pablo-larios-1234720796/' target='_self'>LEE UFAN</a></div><div data-alias="card__meta"><div class="_byline_efxxd_1" data-component="byline" data-expanded="false" data-has-authorswingout="false"><div class="_text_efxxd_1" data-alias="byline__text-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='' data-alignment='' data-theme='byline-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >By <a href="https://www.artforum.com/author/pablo-larios/"><span>Pablo Larios</span></a></div></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__publication' data-alignment='' data-theme='timestamp-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/issue/2024/november-2024-1234720586/'><span data-alias="card__publication__print">Print</span> NOVEMBER 2024</a></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="1234720794" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="oneByOne" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/percy-zvomuya-swiss-shows-challenging-colonial-narrative-1234720794/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='2' data-post-id='1234720794' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Zvomuya-Swiss_1.jpg?crop=0px%2C166px%2C1160px%2C1160px&resize=3000%2C3000" alt="Ngwana sehô" height="3000" width="3000" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Zvomuya-Swiss_1.jpg?crop=0px%2C166px%2C1160px%2C1160px&resize=800%2C800 800w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Zvomuya-Swiss_1.jpg?crop=0px%2C166px%2C1160px%2C1160px&resize=300%2C300 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Zvomuya-Swiss_1.jpg?crop=0px%2C166px%2C1160px%2C1160px&resize=600%2C600 600w" sizes="(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="1234721183" data-wp-size="nova_size__onebyone_xl_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class="_badges_1ptpv_1 "><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__kicker' data-alignment='' data-theme='category-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' data-text='features' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/c/features/'>Features</a></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='2' id='' ><a data-card-index='2' data-post-id='1234720794' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/percy-zvomuya-swiss-shows-challenging-colonial-narrative-1234720794/' target='_self'>EMPIRE STATE OF MIND</a></div><div data-alias="card__meta"><div class="_byline_efxxd_1" data-component="byline" data-expanded="false" data-has-authorswingout="false"><div class="_text_efxxd_1" data-alias="byline__text-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='' data-alignment='' data-theme='byline-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >By <a href="https://www.artforum.com/author/percy-zvomuya/"><span>Percy Zvomuya</span></a></div></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__publication' data-alignment='' data-theme='timestamp-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/issue/2024/november-2024-1234720586/'><span data-alias="card__publication__print">Print</span> NOVEMBER 2024</a></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="1234720792" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="oneByOne" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/hung-duong-ade-darmawan-timoteus-anggawan-kusn-1234720792/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='3' data-post-id='1234720792' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1" alt="Timoteus Anggawan Kusno" height="862" width="1160" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1 1160w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=150%2C111 150w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=300%2C223 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=768%2C571 768w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=1024%2C761 1024w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=135%2C100 135w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=600%2C446 600w, 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https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=269%2C200 269w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=538%2C400 538w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=1077%2C800 1077w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=202%2C150 202w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=404%2C300 404w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=807%2C600 807w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=130%2C98 130w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=110%2C82 110w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=285%2C212 285w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=320%2C238 320w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=640%2C476 640w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Duong_Darmawan-Anggawan_1.jpg?w=1160&h=862&crop=1&resize=800%2C594 800w" sizes="(max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="1234721164" data-wp-size="nova_size__onebyone_xl_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class="_badges_1ptpv_1 "><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__kicker' data-alignment='' data-theme='category-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' data-text='features' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/c/features/'>Features</a></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='2' id='' ><a data-card-index='3' data-post-id='1234720792' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/hung-duong-ade-darmawan-timoteus-anggawan-kusn-1234720792/' target='_self'>BOILING POINT</a></div><div data-alias="card__meta"><div class="_byline_efxxd_1" data-component="byline" data-expanded="false" data-has-authorswingout="false"><div class="_text_efxxd_1" data-alias="byline__text-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='' data-alignment='' data-theme='byline-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >By <a href="https://www.artforum.com/author/hung-duong/"><span>Hung Duong</span></a></div></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__publication' data-alignment='' data-theme='timestamp-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/issue/2024/november-2024-1234720586/'><span data-alias="card__publication__print">Print</span> NOVEMBER 2024</a></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="1234720783" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="oneByOne" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/gordon-hughes-benjamin-h-d-buchloh-hal-foster-exit-interview-1234720783/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='4' data-post-id='1234720783' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1" alt="George Brecht" height="869" width="1160" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1 1160w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=150%2C112 150w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=300%2C225 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=768%2C575 768w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=1024%2C767 1024w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=133%2C100 133w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=600%2C449 600w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=250%2C187 250w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=1000%2C749 1000w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=244%2C183 244w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=127%2C95 127w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=53%2C40 53w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=224%2C168 224w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=450%2C337 450w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=901%2C675 901w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=267%2C200 267w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=534%2C400 534w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=1068%2C800 1068w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=200%2C150 200w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=400%2C300 400w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=801%2C600 801w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=520%2C390 520w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=130%2C98 130w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=110%2C82 110w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=285%2C214 285w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=320%2C240 320w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=640%2C479 640w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Hughes_Exit-Interview_1.jpg?w=1160&h=869&crop=1&resize=800%2C599 800w" sizes="(max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="1234721175" data-wp-size="nova_size__onebyone_xl_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class="_badges_1ptpv_1 "><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__kicker' data-alignment='' data-theme='category-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' data-text='features' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/c/features/'>Features</a></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='2' id='' ><a data-card-index='4' data-post-id='1234720783' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/gordon-hughes-benjamin-h-d-buchloh-hal-foster-exit-interview-1234720783/' target='_self'>NO JUDGMENT</a></div><div data-alias="card__meta"><div class="_byline_efxxd_1" data-component="byline" data-expanded="false" data-has-authorswingout="false"><div class="_text_efxxd_1" data-alias="byline__text-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='' data-alignment='' data-theme='byline-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >By <a href="https://www.artforum.com/author/gordon-hughes/"><span>Gordon Hughes</span></a></div></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__publication' data-alignment='' data-theme='timestamp-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/issue/2024/november-2024-1234720586/'><span data-alias="card__publication__print">Print</span> NOVEMBER 2024</a></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="1234720785" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="oneByOne" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/natasha-degen-artist-agent-1234720785/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='5' data-post-id='1234720785' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1" alt="David Robbins" height="827" width="1160" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1 1160w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=150%2C107 150w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=300%2C214 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=768%2C548 768w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=1024%2C730 1024w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=140%2C100 140w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=600%2C428 600w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=262%2C187 262w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=1000%2C713 1000w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=244%2C174 244w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=133%2C95 133w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=56%2C40 56w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=236%2C168 236w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=473%2C337 473w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=947%2C675 947w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=281%2C200 281w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=561%2C400 561w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=1122%2C800 1122w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=210%2C150 210w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=421%2C300 421w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=842%2C600 842w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=110%2C78 110w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=285%2C203 285w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=320%2C228 320w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=640%2C456 640w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Degen-Agent_1.jpg?w=1160&h=827&crop=1&resize=800%2C570 800w" sizes="(max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="1234721150" data-wp-size="nova_size__onebyone_xl_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class="_badges_1ptpv_1 "><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__kicker' data-alignment='' data-theme='category-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' data-text='features' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/c/features/'>Features</a></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='2' id='' ><a data-card-index='5' data-post-id='1234720785' href='https://www.artforum.com/features/natasha-degen-artist-agent-1234720785/' target='_self'>THE ART OF THE DEAL</a></div><div data-alias="card__meta"><div class="_byline_efxxd_1" data-component="byline" data-expanded="false" data-has-authorswingout="false"><div class="_text_efxxd_1" data-alias="byline__text-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='' data-alignment='' data-theme='byline-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >By <a href="https://www.artforum.com/author/natasha-degen/"><span>Natasha Degen</span></a></div></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__publication' data-alignment='' data-theme='timestamp-lg' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/issue/2024/november-2024-1234720586/'><span data-alias="card__publication__print">Print</span> NOVEMBER 2024</a></div></div></div></div></div> </div></div></div><div class="_outbrain_6eaeo_1" data-component="outbrain"><div class="OUTBRAIN" data-src="https://www.artforum.com/features/paragraphs-on-conceptual-art-211354/" data-widget-id="AR_1"></div></div></div></div><div class="_aside_l7nm6_1"><div class="_rightRail_34dww_1" data-component="right-rail"><div data-sidebar-id="nova_article" class="nova-right-rail "><div data-component="promotion-widget"><div class="_promotion_omn3k_1 _promotion_1x60j_1" data-component="promotion"><div class="_inner_omn3k_1 _inner_1x60j_1"><div class="_left_omn3k_1 "><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="promotion__image" data-ratio="" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/issue/1967/summer-1967-253043/' title='' target='_self' rel='' attributes='' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg" alt="Larry Bell, Memories of Mike, metal and glass, 24" square, 1966-7. (Color courtesy Pace Gallery, New York. Photo: Ferdinand Boesch.)" height="400" width="400" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg 400w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=187,187 187w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=244,244 244w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=95,95 95w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=40,40 40w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=240,240 240w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=225,225 225w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=168,168 168w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=337,337 337w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=110,110 110w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=285,285 285w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/coversmall_large-308.jpg?resize=320,320 320w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="36625" data-wp-size="full" /></div></a><figcaption class="_imageMeta_n62wr_1"><span class="_imageCaption_n62wr_1"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='' data-alignment='' data-theme='image-caption' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >Larry Bell, <em>Memories of Mike</em>, metal and glass, 24" square, 1966-7. (Color courtesy Pace Gallery, New York. Photo: Ferdinand Boesch.)</div></span></figcaption></figure><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='promotion__primary-text' data-alignment='' data-theme='heading-primary-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >SUMMER 1967</div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='promotion__secondary-text' data-alignment='' data-theme='heading-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >VOL. 5, NO. 10</div></div><div class="_right_omn3k_1 _right_1x60j_1"><div class="_button_1tc6x_1 _button_17ri9_1 " data-component="button" data-alias="" data-alignment="" data-full-width="false" data-has-icon="false" data-theme="tertiary"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/archive/2020-2030/' title='' target='_self' rel='' attributes='' class="_inner_1tc6x_1 _inner_17ri9_1" data-alias="button__inner"><span data-alias="button__text">Archive</span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="_adUnit_9ldrc_1" data-component="ad-unit" 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class="_inner_zw82l_1" data-alias="cards__inner"><div class="_heading_zw82l_1" data-alias="cards__heading-wrapper"><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='cards__heading' data-alignment='' data-theme='heading-primary-md' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' >Most Read</div></div><div class="_cardsWrapper_zw82l_1" data-alias="cards__inner-wrapper"> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="559599" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="oneByOne" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/lists/charles-atlas-top-ten/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='0' data-post-id='559599' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Atlas-TopTen_10.jpg?w=300&h=300&crop=1" alt="Charles Atlas, Tesseract 3D, 2017, stereoscopic 3D digital video, color, sound, 43 minutes." height="300" width="300" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Atlas-TopTen_10.jpg?w=300&h=300&crop=1&resize=300%2C300 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Atlas-TopTen_10.jpg?w=300&h=300&crop=1&resize=600%2C600 600w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="559991" data-wp-size="nova_size__onebyone_small_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class="_badges_1ptpv_1 "><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__kicker' data-alignment='' data-theme='category-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' data-text='top-ten' ><a href='https://www.artforum.com/t/topten/'>TOP TEN</a></div></div><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__card-title' data-alignment='' data-theme='card-title-primary-xs' data-transform='' data-truncate='3' id='' ><a data-card-index='0' data-post-id='559599' href='https://www.artforum.com/lists/charles-atlas-top-ten/' target='_self'>CHARLES ATLAS</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="_card_1ptpv_1 _card_1fpq4_1" data-post-id="1234721396" data-component="card" data-has-background="false" data-has-overlay="false" data-layout-size="xs" data-layout="sidebar" data-main-alignment="" data-main-spacing="s0" data-media-position="" ><div class="" data-alias="card__inner"><div class="" data-alias="card__aside"><figure class="_imageWrapper_n62wr_1" data-component="image" data-alias="" data-ratio="oneByOne" data-round="false"><a href='https://www.artforum.com/features/travis-jeppesen-venice-the-aspern-papers-1234721396/' title='' target='_self' rel='' data-card-index='1' data-post-id='1234721396' ><div class="_image_n62wr_1" data-alias="image__inner-img"><img src="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1.jpeg?w=300&h=300&crop=1" alt="Harold Stevenson." height="300" width="300" srcset="https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1.jpeg?w=300&h=300&crop=1&resize=800%2C800 800w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1.jpeg?w=300&h=300&crop=1&resize=300%2C300 300w, https://www.artforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1.jpeg?w=300&h=300&crop=1&resize=600%2C600 600w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="auto" data-attachment-id="1234721397" data-wp-size="nova_size__onebyone_small_cropped" /></div></a></figure></div><div class="" data-alias="card__main"><div class="_badges_1ptpv_1 "><div class='_text_y7yck_1 _text_4xqvy_1' data-component='text' data-alias='card__kicker' data-alignment='' data-theme='category-sm' data-transform='' data-truncate='' id='' data-text='features' ><a 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