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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="معركة ساو ماميد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معركة ساو ماميد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitka_kod_S%C3%A3o_Mameda" title="Bitka kod São Mameda – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bitka kod São Mameda" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Batalla de São Mamede – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Batalla de São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitva_na_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Bitva na São Mamede – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bitva na São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_ved_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Slaget ved São Mamede – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Slaget ved São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlacht_von_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Schlacht von São Mamede – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schlacht von São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_San_Mamede" title="Batalla de San Mamede – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Batalla de San Mamede" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Bataille de São Mamede – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille de São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_San_Mamede" title="Batalla de San Mamede – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Batalla de San Mamede" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertempuran_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Pertempuran São Mamede – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pertempuran São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_de_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Batalha de São Mamede – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Batalha de São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede" title="Battle of São Mamede – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Battle of São Mamede" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitka_kod_S%C3%A3o_Mamedea" title="Bitka kod São Mamedea – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bitka kod São Mamedea" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Mameden_taistelu" title="São Mameden taistelu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="São Mameden taistelu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Битва при Сан-Мамеде – Ukrainian" 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title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of São Mamede</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the County of Portugal leadership</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Castelo_de_Guimar%C3%A3es_(7989266938).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Castelo_de_Guimar%C3%A3es_%287989266938%29.jpg/220px-Castelo_de_Guimar%C3%A3es_%287989266938%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Castelo_de_Guimar%C3%A3es_%287989266938%29.jpg/330px-Castelo_de_Guimar%C3%A3es_%287989266938%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Castelo_de_Guimar%C3%A3es_%287989266938%29.jpg/440px-Castelo_de_Guimar%C3%A3es_%287989266938%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><br />Celebrations of the Battle of São Mamede in the <a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Castle of Guimarães">Castle of Guimarães</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>24 June 1128</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso Henriques</a> victory.<br />Afonso takes the leadership of the County of Portugal and paves the way for an independent <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso Henriques</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Theresa,_Countess_of_Portugal" title="Theresa, Countess of Portugal">Theresa, Countess of Portugal</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso Henriques</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Theresa,_Countess_of_Portugal" title="Theresa, Countess of Portugal">Theresa, Countess of Portugal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Fernando_P%C3%A9rez_de_Traba" title="Fernando Pérez de Traba">Fernando Pérez de Traba</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Battle of São Mamede</b> (<a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">Batalha de São Mamede</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ˈsɐ̃w<span class="wrap"> </span>mɐˈmɛðɨ]</a></span>) took place on 24 June 1128 near <a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a> and is considered the seminal event for the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal</a> and the battle that ensured <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Independence" title="Independence">independence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portuguese forces led by <a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso Henriques</a> defeated forces led by his mother <a href="/wiki/Theresa,_Countess_of_Portugal" title="Theresa, Countess of Portugal">Teresa of Portugal</a> and her lover <a href="/wiki/Fernando_P%C3%A9rez_de_Traba" title="Fernando Pérez de Traba">Fernão Peres de Trava</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following São Mamede, the future king styled himself "Prince of Portugal". He would be called "King of Portugal" starting in 1139 and was recognised as such by neighbouring kingdoms in 1143. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In late 11th century, <a href="/wiki/Henry,_Count_of_Portugal" title="Henry, Count of Portugal">Henry of Portugal</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knight</a> and brother of the <a href="/wiki/Odo_I,_Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Odo I, Duke of Burgundy">Duke of Burgundy</a>, went to support the <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hispania" title="Hispania">Hispania</a>. He fought the <a href="/wiki/Moors" title="Moors">Moors</a> along with <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VI_of_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso VI of León">Alfonso VI of León</a>. In honour of his fights in <a href="/wiki/Hispania" title="Hispania">Hispania</a>, the King gave him the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Portugal" title="County of Portugal">County of Portugal</a>. This gift came with a reinstated title; because of attempts by the previous holder some years earlier to assert independence, it had been suppressed. Henry became count of Portugal and Theresa, one of Alfonso's daughters, his wife. </p><p>In 1095, the county was a dependency of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia" title="Kingdom of Galicia">Kingdom of Galicia</a>, itself a dependency of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Kingdom of León">Kingdom of León</a>. In 1097 Portugal became a direct dependency of León. However, from the early years of his rule, Henry became influenced by the desire of the lords of the county for independence which made him desire the independence of the county. </p><p>Henry died in 1112, and his wife Queen Theresa (<i>Regina Tarasia</i>, as she addressed herself) became the countess of Portugal. Her sister <a href="/wiki/Urraca_of_Le%C3%B3n_and_Castile" title="Urraca of León and Castile">Queen Urraca</a> became Queen of León after her father's, Alfonso VI of Leon, death. Like her husband, Theresa was also ambitious and wished for independence from Leon, and particularly her sister. In an attempt to maintain the autonomy of her county, at different times she allied herself to her sister's enemies or with her sister, whichever was most propitious at the time. </p><p>In 1116, the Portuguese took two Galician cities, <a href="/wiki/Tui,_Galicia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tui, Galicia">Tui</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ourense" title="Ourense">Ourense</a>. In reply, Queen Urraca attacked Theresa's dominions. Bishop <a href="/wiki/Diego_Gelm%C3%ADrez" title="Diego Gelmírez">Diego Gelmírez</a>, a friend of a Galician noble that was in the service of Theresa, led a revolt in the camp of Queen Urraca, and Urraca was obliged to make peace with her sister Theresa. </p><p>Urraca died in 1126. Urraca's son, <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VII_of_Le%C3%B3n_and_Castile" title="Alfonso VII of León and Castile">Alfonso VII</a>, became king of León and Castile and demanded that Theresa become his vassal, which she refused to do. In response, Alfonso attacked Portugal in the spring of 1127. This increased the power of Theresa's son, <a href="/wiki/Afonso_Henriques" class="mw-redirect" title="Afonso Henriques">Afonso Henriques</a>, because she had lost the trust of the Leonese king, and Afonso became the count of Portugal. Subsequently, Theresa became a puppet of the Galician Ferdinand Perez de Trava. Theresa and Prince Afonso therefore became enemies as both wanted to take control of the county, but only the supporters of Prince Afonso were really interested in full independence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Afonso Henriques was not alone in the battle. In fact, he was pressured by the lords of the main Portuguese cities, by the local church, and by its people to achieve the country's independence. </p><p>Nobles participating in the battle with Afonso Henriques: </p> <ul><li>Afonso Nunes de Barbosa (1131)</li> <li>D. <a href="/wiki/Paio_Mendes" title="Paio Mendes">Paio Mendes</a> da Maia (<a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Braga" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Braga">Archbishop of Braga</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egas_Moniz_de_Cresconhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egas Moniz de Cresconhe (page does not exist)">Egas Moniz de Cresconhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egas_Moniz_o_Aio" title="Egas Moniz o Aio">Egas Moniz de Ribadouro</a> (1108–1146)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erm%C3%ADgio_Moniz_de_Ribadouro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ermígio Moniz de Ribadouro (page does not exist)">Ermígio Moniz de Ribadouro</a> (1128–1135)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fern%C3%A3o_Captivo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fernão Captivo (page does not exist)">Fernão Captivo</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alferes-Mor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alferes-Mor (page does not exist)">Alferes-Mor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garcia_Soares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garcia Soares (page does not exist)">Garcia Soares</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Godinho_Fafes_de_Lanhoso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godinho Fafes de Lanhoso (page does not exist)">Godinho Fafes de Lanhoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alo_Mendes_da_Maia" title="Gonçalo Mendes da Maia">Gonçalo Mendes da Maia</a> (<i>O Lidador</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alo_Mendes_de_Sousa" title="Gonçalo Mendes de Sousa">Gonçalo Mendes de Sousa</a> (1154–1167)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuno_Soares_Velho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuno Soares Velho (page does not exist)">Nuno Soares Velho</a> (1117–1162)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paio_Ramires_Ramir%C3%A3o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paio Ramires Ramirão (page does not exist)">Paio Ramires Ramirão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_Nunes_de_Barbosa" title="Sancho Nunes de Barbosa">Sancho Nunes de Barbosa</a> (1114–1169)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soeiro_Mendes_de_Sousa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soeiro Mendes de Sousa (page does not exist)">Soeiro Mendes de Sousa</a> (1121–1137)</li></ul> <p>The counts that dominated the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Portugal" title="County of Portugal">counties of Portugal</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_of_Coimbra" title="County of Coimbra">Coimbra</a> kept the idea of independence, and their merger strengthened their positions. <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VI_of_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso VI of León">Alfonso VI of León</a>, knowing the wishes of the Portuguese, united all <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia" title="Kingdom of Galicia">Galicia</a> under a single rule of one lord, which he chose from one of his close relatives. Teresa, mother of Afonso Henriques, came to Guimarães to govern the <a href="/wiki/Second_County_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Second County of Portugal">Portuguese county</a>. The Portuguese did not accept this, and the battle started. Afonso won the battle and Portugal started its journey towards independence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post_battle">Post battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1129, Henriques declared himself <i>Prince of Portugal</i> and in 1139 as <i>King of Portugal</i>. León finally recognized Portugal's independence in 1143 in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Zamora" title="Treaty of Zamora">Treaty of Zamora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1179, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> declared him King, <a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cerneja" title="Battle of Cerneja">Battle of Cerneja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_P%C3%A9rez_de_Traba" title="Fernando Pérez de Traba">Fernando Pérez de Traba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VII_of_Le%C3%B3n_and_Castile" title="Alfonso VII of León and Castile">Alfonso VII of León and Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Zamora" title="Treaty of Zamora">Treaty of Zamora</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Anderson, James Maxwell (2000). <i>The History of Portugal</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/library/1905585/the-history-of-portugal">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161104142150/https://www.questia.com/library/1905585/the-history-of-portugal">Archived</a> 2016-11-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Birmingham, David. <i>A Concise History of Portugal</i> (Cambridge, 1993)</li> <li>Grissom, James. (2012) <i>Portugal – A Brief History</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Portugal-A-Brief-History-ebook/dp/B008CAFG1S/">excerpt and text search</a></li> <li>Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. <i>History of Portugal: Vol. 1: from Lusitania to empire; Vol. 2: from empire to corporate state</i> (1972).</li> <li>Nowell, Charles E. <i>A History of Portugal</i> (1952) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/89102811/a-history-of-portugal">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161104204548/https://www.questia.com/read/89102811/a-history-of-portugal">Archived</a> 2016-11-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Payne, Stanley G. <i>A History of Spain and Portugal</i> (2 vol 1973) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libro.uca.edu/payne2/index.htm">full text online vol 2 after 1700</a>; standard scholarly history; chapter 23</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historiography">Historiography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Historiography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Campos Matos, Sérgio. "History of Historiography and National Memory in Portugal," <i>History Compass</i> (Oct 2012) 10#10 pp 765–777.</li> <li>de Carvalho Homem, Armando Luís. "A. H. de Oliveira Marques (1933–2007): Historiography and Citizenship," <i>E-Journal of Portuguese History</i> (Winter 2007) 5#2 pp 1–9.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Battle-of-Sao-Mamede">"Battle of São Mamede | Portuguese history | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=paginas.fe.up.pt&rft.atitle=guimaraes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaginas.fe.up.pt%2F~iatu2006%2Fguimaraes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+S%C3%A3o+Mamede" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLay2008" class="citation book cs1">Lay, S. (2008-11-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I2CCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA81"><i>The Reconquest Kings of Portugal: Political and Cultural Reorientation on the Medieval Frontier</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780230583139" title="Special:BookSources/9780230583139"><bdi>9780230583139</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Reconquest+Kings+of+Portugal%3A+Political+and+Cultural+Reorientation+on+the+Medieval+Frontier&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2008-11-28&rft.isbn=9780230583139&rft.aulast=Lay&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI2CCDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+S%C3%A3o+Mamede" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Waisberg, Tatiana, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssrn.com/abstract=2967633">The Treaty of Tordesillas and the (Re)Invention of International Law in the Age of Discovery</a>" <i>Journal of Global Studies</i>, No 47, 2017, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitarq.arquivos.pt/details?id=3908043">"Bula "Manifestis probatum" do Papa Alexandre III pela qual confirmou o reino de Portugal ao rei D. Afonso Henriques e a seus herdeiros - Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo - DigitArq"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bula+%22Manifestis+probatum%22+do+Papa+Alexandre+III+pela+qual+confirmou+o+reino+de+Portugal+ao+rei+D.+Afonso+Henriques+e+a+seus+herdeiros+-+Arquivo+Nacional+da+Torre+do+Tombo+-+DigitArq&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitarq.arquivos.pt%2Fdetails%3Fid%3D3908043&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+S%C3%A3o+Mamede" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_S%C3%A3o_Mamede&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Portuguese_Monarchy_Topics" title="Template:Portuguese Monarchy Topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Portuguese_Monarchy_Topics" title="Template talk:Portuguese Monarchy Topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Portuguese_Monarchy_Topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Portuguese Monarchy Topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Topics_related_to_the_Portuguese_monarchy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics related to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portuguese monarchy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Battle of São Mamede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ourique" title="Battle of Ourique">Battle of Ourique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Zamora" title="Treaty of Zamora">Treaty of Zamora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifestis_Probatum" title="Manifestis Probatum">Manifestis Probatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1383%E2%80%931385_Portuguese_interregnum" title="1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum">1383–85 Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aljubarrota" title="Battle of Aljubarrota">Battle of Aljubarrota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alfarrobeira" title="Battle of Alfarrobeira">Battle of Alfarrobeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alc%C3%A1cer_Quibir" title="Battle of Alcácer Quibir">Battle of Alcácer Quibir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_succession_crisis_of_1580" title="Portuguese succession crisis of 1580">Portuguese succession crisis of 1580</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Portuguese_Succession" title="War of the Portuguese Succession">War of the Portuguese Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Union" title="Iberian Union">Iberian Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty_Conspirators" title="Forty Conspirators">Forty Conspirators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Restoration_War" title="Portuguese Restoration War">Portuguese Restoration War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfer_of_the_Portuguese_court_to_Brazil" title="Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil">Transfer of the Portuguese court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Revolution_of_1820" title="Liberal Revolution of 1820">Liberal Revolution of 1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilafrancada" title="Vilafrancada">Vilafrancada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_Revolt" title="April Revolt">April Revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Wars" title="Liberal Wars">Portuguese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31_January_1891_revolt" title="31 January 1891 revolt">31 January 1891 revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Library_Elevator_Coup" title="Municipal Library Elevator Coup">Municipal Library Elevator Coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Regicide" title="Lisbon Regicide">Lisbon Regicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">5 October 1910 revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalist_attack_on_Chaves" title="Royalist attack on Chaves">Royalist attack on Chaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_North" title="Monarchy of the North">Monarchy of the North</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coats_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_and_Algarves_(1834_to_1910)_-_Lesser.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Coats_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_and_Algarves_%281834_to_1910%29_-_Lesser.png/150px-Coats_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_and_Algarves_%281834_to_1910%29_-_Lesser.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Coats_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_and_Algarves_%281834_to_1910%29_-_Lesser.png/225px-Coats_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_and_Algarves_%281834_to_1910%29_-_Lesser.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Coats_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_and_Algarves_%281834_to_1910%29_-_Lesser.png/300px-Coats_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_and_Algarves_%281834_to_1910%29_-_Lesser.png 2x" data-file-width="963" data-file-height="1115" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal houses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_House_of_Burgundy" title="Portuguese House of Burgundy">Portuguese House of Burgundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Aviz" title="House of Aviz">House of Aviz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_dynasty" title="Philippine dynasty">House of Habsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Braganza" title="House of Braganza">House of Braganza</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Braganza-Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></i> <small>(disputed)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal<br />residences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Ajuda" title="Palace of Ajuda">Ajuda Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m_Palace" title="Belém Palace">Belém Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bemposta_Palace" title="Bemposta Palace">Bemposta Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C3%A7aco_Palace" title="Buçaco Palace">Buçaco Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadel_of_Cascais" title="Citadel of Cascais">Citadel of Cascais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_%C3%89vora" title="Royal Palace of Évora">Évora Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Mafra" title="Palace of Mafra">Mafra Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necessidades_Palace" title="Necessidades Palace">Necessidades Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pena_Palace" title="Pena Palace">Pena Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Queluz" title="Palace of Queluz">Queluz Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinta_da_Boa_Vista" title="Quinta da Boa Vista">Quinta da Boa Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%A7o_Imperial" title="Paço Imperial">Rio de Janeiro Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramalh%C3%A3o_Palace" title="Ramalhão Palace">Ramalhão Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribeira_Palace" title="Ribeira Palace">Ribeira Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%A7o_de_S%C3%A3o_Crist%C3%B3v%C3%A3o" title="Paço de São Cristóvão">São Cristóvão Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Jorge_Castle" title="São Jorge Castle">São Jorge Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_Estate" title="Santa Cruz Estate">Santa Cruz Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sintra_National_Palace" title="Sintra National Palace">Sintra National Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ducal_Palace_of_Vila_Vi%C3%A7osa" title="Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa">Vila Viçosa Palace</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Project_of_Filippo_Juvarra_for_the_Royal_Palace_of_Lisbon" title="Project of Filippo Juvarra for the Royal Palace of Lisbon">Juvarra's Project for the Royal Palace in Lisbon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Project_for_the_Royal_Palace_in_Campo_de_Ourique" title="Project for the Royal Palace in Campo de Ourique">Project for the Royal Palace in Campo de Ourique</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Algarve" title="Kingdom of the Algarve">Kingdom of the Algarve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Brazil" title="Kingdom of Brazil">Kingdom of Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil_and_the_Algarves" title="United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves">United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Portuguese_monarchs" title="List of Portuguese monarchs">Portuguese Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguelist" title="Miguelist">Miguelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastianism" title="Sebastianism">Sebastianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Cortes" title="Portuguese Cortes">Portuguese Cortes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_nobility" title="Portuguese nobility">Portuguese nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_honours_of_the_Portuguese_Crown" title="List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown">List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Portugal" title="Council of Portugal">Council of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheon_of_the_House_of_Braganza" title="Pantheon of the House of Braganza">Pantheon of the House of Braganza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Most_Faithful_Majesty" title="Most Faithful Majesty">Most Faithful Majesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duarte_Pio,_Duke_of_Braganza" title="Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza">Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza (current pretender)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Portuguese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Portuguese monarchs">Family tree of Portuguese monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Crown_Jewels" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Crown Jewels">Portuguese Crown Jewels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_of_the_Portuguese_sovereign" title="Style of the Portuguese sovereign">Style of the Portuguese sovereign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/His_Most_Faithful_Majesty%27s_Council" title="His Most Faithful Majesty's Council">His Most Faithful Majesty's Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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