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href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-目的" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#目的"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>目的</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-目的-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分类" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分类"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>分类</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-分类-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-网络社区的生命周期理论" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#网络社区的生命周期理论"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>网络社区的生命周期理论</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-网络社区的生命周期理论-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">网络社区</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。20种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="مجتمع إنترنت – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجتمع إنترنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netzgmoa" title="Netzgmoa – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Netzgmoa" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Онлайн общност – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Онлайн общност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online-Community" title="Online-Community – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Online-Community" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_community" title="Online community – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Online community" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retkomunumo" title="Retkomunumo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Retkomunumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%B7" title="انجمن برخط – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجمن برخط" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_en_ligne" title="Communauté en ligne – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Communauté en ligne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunitas_daring" title="Komunitas daring – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komunitas daring" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netsamf%C3%A9lag" title="Netsamfélag – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Netsamfélag" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="オンライン・コミュニケーション – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オンライン・コミュニケーション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A8%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8_%EC%BB%A4%EB%AE%A4%EB%8B%88%ED%8B%B0" title="온라인 커뮤니티 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="온라인 커뮤니티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tie%C5%A1saistes_kopiena" title="Tiešsaistes kopiena – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tiešsaistes kopiena" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spo%C5%82eczno%C5%9B%C4%87_internetowa" title="Społeczność internetowa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Społeczność internetowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunidade_online" title="Comunidade online – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunidade online" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Интернет-сообщество – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Интернет-сообщество" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4tgemenskap" title="Nätgemenskap – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nätgemenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="ชุมชนออนไลน์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชุมชนออนไลน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87evrimi%C3%A7i_topluluk" title="Çevrimiçi topluluk – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çevrimiçi topluluk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng_m%E1%BA%A1ng" title="Cộng đồng mạng – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cộng đồng mạng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6576792#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output 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.ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可参照<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_community" class="extiw" title="en:Online community">英語維基百科</a>相應條目来扩充</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%88%E5%88%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:翻译守则">参考外语维基百科扩充条目</a>。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容">版权协议</a>，译文需<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81#翻譯文章" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要">在编辑摘要注明来源</a>，或于讨论页顶部标记<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a>}}</code>标签。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Copy_edit plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/48px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/72px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/96px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%A9%E6%A0%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:如何審核校對">編修</a>，以確保文法、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%81%BF%E5%85%8D%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%97%E8%A9%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:避免使用的字詞">用詞、语气</a>、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="Wikipedia:格式手册">格式</a>、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E6%A0%87%E7%82%B9%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/标点符号">標點</a>等使用恰当。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請按照<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%A9%E6%A0%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:如何審核校對">校對指引</a>，幫助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA&action=edit">编辑</a>這個條目。（<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:编辑">幫助</a>、<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA" title="Talk:网络社区">討論</a>）</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-4bf4391d" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-title" data-noteta-code="zh-cn:网络社区;zh-hk:網絡社群;zh-tw:網路社群;"></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:社区;zh-hk:社群;zh-tw:社群;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:视频;zh-hk:影片;zh-tw:影片;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:信息;zh-hk:資訊;zh-tw:資訊;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:博客;zh-hk:網誌;zh-tw:部落格;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:网络;zh-hk:網絡;zh-tw:網路;"></div></div></div> <p><b>网络社区</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Online Community</span>）是存在于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网">互联网</a>上供其会员自由交流的<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E6%93%AC%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="虛擬社區">虚拟社区</a>。（又称为在线社区，Web社区）网络社区由一个<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="信息系统">信息发布系统</a>组成，如<a href="/wiki/BBS" title="BBS">BBS</a>或者个人<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="博客">博客</a>。网络社区已经成为对人们在<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E5%AF%A6" title="現實">现实</a>生活中<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="社会关系">社会关系</a>的一种补充。网络社区由各种混合的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BA%A4%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="社交软件">社交软件</a>组成，包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="网络聊天室">网络聊天室</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BA%E5%9D%9B" class="mw-disambig" title="论坛">论坛</a>，成员可以通过文字、声音、视频等来交流。网络社区的成员主要通过Internet进行交互。对于许多人来说，在线社区可能感觉像家一样，由“無實體的朋友家庭”组成，此外，这些“朋友”可以通过游戏社区和游戏公司建立联系。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="目的"><span id=".E7.9B.AE.E7.9A.84"></span>目的</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：目的"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>数字社区（网络社区以及通过Xbox和PlayStation形成的社区）为用户提供了一系列的服务平台。有人认为，数字社区可以满足<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%B1%82%E6%AC%A1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="需求层次理论">需求层次理论</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。其允许不同文化背景的人在世界各地进行社会交往，否则他们可能不会有机会见面。网络社区的另一个主要用途是获取和交流信息。即使是很小的社区，也有可能找到同样对某一主题感兴趣的人，并寻求和分享关于某一主题的信息，而这些人在离线时并不在附近。这导致了一系列基于健康、就业、财务和教育等领域的流行网站的出现。在线社区对公司的营销和推广来说是至关重要的。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>网络社区也出现了意想不到的创新用途：<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BA%A4%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="社交网络服务">社交网络</a>被用于冲突中，以提醒公民攻击即将发生。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>认为网络，特别是社交网络是冲突和紧急情况下的重要工具。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>网络社区越来越受欢迎，目前流量最大的20个网站中，有6个是基于社区的网站。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>这类网站的流量预计会增加，因为根据欧洲旅游委员会的估计，到2015年底，全球42%的人口将接入互联网，而2006年只有17.6%<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E6%AD%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="谷歌">谷歌</a>现任主席<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E5%AF%86%E7%89%B9" title="埃里克·施密特">埃里克·施密特</a>表示，他相信到2020年，整个世界都将有互联网接入<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分类"><span id=".E5.88.86.E7.B1.BB"></span>分类</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：分类"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在线社区是动态的，有研究人员和组织正在努力对其进行分类。例如，了解特定类型社区的安全、访问和技术要求是很重要的，因为它可能从一个开放的论坛发展到一个私人的、受管制的论坛。<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 一些作者研究了在线社区，以更好地了解它们的结构。有人认为，可以根据网络社区的技术方面，例如是否可以由许多人创建和编辑页面，如包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a>在内的维基，或者是否只有某些用户可以发布条目和编辑它们，如大多数<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="博客">博客</a>的情况，将网络社区分类。另一种方法认为，"网络社区 "是一种隐喻，贡献者积极地协商该术语的含义，包括价值观和社会规范<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一些研究探讨的是网络社区的用户。Amy Jo Kim对网络社区互动的仪式和阶段进行了分类，并称其为 "会员生命周期"。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%C2%B7%E8%88%8D%E5%9F%BA" title="克莱·舍基">克莱·薛基</a>谈到了社区实践，其成员为了使某些东西变得更好或提高某种技能水平而相互协作和帮助。使得这些社区结合在一起的是对某一事物的 "爱"，这表现在成员在没有任何经济利益的情况下不遗余力地提供帮助。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell等人在部落类型学的基础上发展了一个分析网络社区的特征理论。在他们调查的社区中，他们确定了三种性格类型：<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>大人物（通过亲自承受许多冲突，为社区提供某种形式的秩序和稳定）</li> <li>巫师（不会与社区中的其他人进行互惠）</li> <li>捣蛋鬼（通常是一个滑稽而复杂的人物，在世界大多数文化中都可以找到）</li></ol> <p>2001年麦肯锡公司的一项研究表明，只有2%的交易网站客户在第一次购买后返回，而60%的在线社区新用户在第一次体验后开始使用并定期访问这些网站。在线社区改变了零售公司的游戏规则，迫使他们改变其商业策略。公司必须更多的联网，调整计算，并改变他们的组织结构。这导致公司与制造商的沟通发生变化，包括为进一步提高生产力和利润而共享和提供信息。因为所有领域的消费者和客户都开始习惯于更多的在线互动和参与，所以必须考虑做出调整，以保持受众的兴趣。 </p><p>"虚拟定居"的四个要求包括：互动性、各种交流者、成员可以见面和互动的共同公共场所，以及长期持续的成员资格。基于这些要求，可以说像Twitter这样的微型博客可以被归类为网络社区<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="网络社区的生命周期理论"><span id=".E7.BD.91.E7.BB.9C.E7.A4.BE.E5.8C.BA.E7.9A.84.E7.94.9F.E5.91.BD.E5.91.A8.E6.9C.9F.E7.90.86.E8.AE.BA"></span>网络社区的生命周期理论</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：网络社区的生命周期理论"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>网络社区的发展总是遵循一定的<b>轨迹</b>发展的。这些轨迹是由一系列的发展阶段构成的。从一开始的早期阶段到结束阶段。一个网络社区在不同的阶段有不同的需求。网络社区的发展可以通过发展速度、用户的活跃程度和社区价值来衡量。<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>许多社区管理者被动地随机地管理他们的网站。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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