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Did not one God create us? Why do we profane the covenant of our ancestors by being unfaithful to one another? <a href="/nlt/malachi/2.htm">New Living Translation</a> Are we not all children of the same Father? Are we not all created by the same God? Then why do we betray each other, violating the covenant of our ancestors? <a href="/esv/malachi/2.htm">English Standard Version</a> Have we not all one Father? Has not one God created us? Why then are we faithless to one another, profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/bsb/malachi/2.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Do we not all have one Father? Did not one God create us? Why then do we break faith with one another so as to profane the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/kjv/malachi/2.htm">King James Bible</a> Have we not all one father? hath not one God created us? why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, by profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/nkjv/malachi/2.htm">New King James Version</a> Have we not all one Father? Has not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously with one another By profaning the covenant of the fathers? <a href="/nasb_/malachi/2.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Do we not all have one Father? Is it not one God who has created us? Why do we deal treacherously, each against his brother so as to profane the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/nasb/malachi/2.htm">NASB 1995</a> &#8220Do we not all have one father? Has not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously each against his brother so as to profane the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/nasb77/malachi/2.htm">NASB 1977 </a> “Do we not all have one father? Has not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously each against his brother so as to profane the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/lsb/malachi/2.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> “Do we not all have one father? Has not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously each against his brother so as to profane the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/amp/malachi/2.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Do we not all have one Father? Has not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously with one another, profaning the covenant of our fathers [with God]? <a href="/csb/malachi/2.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Don’t all of us have one Father? Didn’t one God create us? Why then do we act treacherously against one another, profaning the covenant of our ancestors? <a href="/hcsb/malachi/2.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Don&#8217t all of us have one Father? Didn&#8217t one God create us? Why then do we act treacherously against one another, profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/asv/malachi/2.htm">American Standard Version</a> Have we not all one father? hath not one God created us? why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/cev/malachi/2.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Don't you know that we all have God as our Father? Didn't the one God create each of us? Then why do you cheat each other by breaking the agreement God made with your ancestors? <a href="/erv/malachi/2.htm">English Revised Version</a> Have we not all one father? hath not one God created us? why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/gwt/malachi/2.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Don't all of us have the same father? Hasn't the same God created us? Why are we unfaithful to each other? And why do we dishonor the promise given to our ancestors? <a href="/gnt/malachi/2.htm">Good News Translation</a> Don't we all have the same father? Didn't the same God create us all? Then why do we break our promises to one another, and why do we despise the covenant that God made with our ancestors? <a href="/isv/malachi/2.htm">International Standard Version</a> Do we not have one father? Has not one God created us? Why does each of us act deceitfully, each man against his own brother, to profane the covenant of our ancestors? <a href="/msb/malachi/2.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Do we not all have one Father? Did not one God create us? Why then do we break faith with one another so as to profane the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/net/malachi/2.htm">NET Bible</a> Do we not all have one father? Did not one God create us? Why do we betray one another, in this way making light of the covenant of our ancestors? <a href="/nheb/malachi/2.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Do we not all have one father? Hasn't one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/wbt/malachi/2.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Have we not all one father? hath not one God created us? why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, by profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/web/malachi/2.htm">World English Bible</a> Don’t we all have one father? Hasn’t one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, profaning the covenant of our fathers? <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/malachi/2.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> Have we not all one Father? Has not our God created us? Why do we deal treacherously, "" Each against his brother, "" To defile the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/ylt/malachi/2.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> Have we not all one father? Hath not our God prepared us? Wherefore do we deal treacherously, Each against his brother, To pollute the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/slt/malachi/2.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> Is there not one father to us all? is there not one God creating us? wherefore shall we deal faithlessly each against his brother, to profane the covenant of our fathers?<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/malachi/2.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Have we not all one father? hath not one God created us? why then doth every one of us despise his brother, violating the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/cpdv/malachi/2.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Is there not one Father of us all? Did not one God create us? Why, then, does each one of us despise his brother, violating the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/nabre/malachi/2.htm">New American Bible</a> Have we not all one father? Has not one God created us? Why, then, do we break faith with each other, profaning the covenant of our ancestors? <a href="/nrsvce/malachi/2.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Have we not all one father? Has not one God created us? Why then are we faithless to one another, profaning the covenant of our ancestors?<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/malachi/2.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Have we not all one father? Or has not one God created us? Why then do we deal treacherously every man against his brother by profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/hpbt/malachi/2.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> Do not we all have one Father, or has not one God created us? Why are we acting treacherously, each man with his brother, and we are profaning the covenant of our fathers?<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/malachi/2.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> Have we not all one father? Hath not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, Profaning the covenant of our fathers? <a href="/sep/malachi/2.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> Have ye not all one father? Did not one God create you? why have ye forsaken every man his brother, to profane the covenant of your fathers? <a href="/parallel/malachi/2-10.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/B6KyAs1WSHw?start=319" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/malachi/2.htm">Judah's Unfaithfulness</a> 10<a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: hă·lō·w (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">Do we not</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: lə·ḵul·lā·nū (Prep-l:: N-msc:: 1cp) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">all</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: ’e·ḥāḏ (Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">have one</a> <a href="/hebrew/1.htm" title="1: ’āḇ (N-ms) -- Father. A primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application).">Father?</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: hă·lō·w (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">Did not</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: ’e·ḥāḏ (Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">one</a> <a href="/hebrew/410.htm" title="410: ’êl (N-ms) -- God, in pl. gods. Shortened from 'ayil; strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty.">God</a> <a href="/hebrew/1254.htm" title="1254: bə·rā·’ā·nū (V-Qal-Perf-3ms:: 1cp) -- To create, to cut down, select, feed. A primitive root; to create; to cut down, select, feed.">create us?</a> <a href="/hebrew/4069.htm" title="4069: mad·dū·a‘ (Interrog) -- Why? for what reason?. Or madduaa; from mah and the passive participle of yada'; what known?; i.e. why?.">Why then</a> <a href="/hebrew/898.htm" title="898: niḇ·gaḏ (V-Qal-Imperf-1cp) -- To act or deal treacherously. A primitive root; to cover; figuratively, to act covertly; by implication, to pillage.">do we break faith</a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: ’îš (N-ms) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term.">with one</a> <a href="/hebrew/251.htm" title="251: bə·’ā·ḥîw (Prep-b:: N-msc:: 3ms) -- A brother. A primitive word; a brother (like 'ab).">another</a> <a href="/hebrew/2490.htm" title="2490: lə·ḥal·lêl (Prep-l:: V-Piel-Inf) -- A primitive root; properly, to bore, i.e. to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane, to break, to begin; denom. to play.">so as to profane</a> <a href="/hebrew/1285.htm" title="1285: bə·rîṯ (N-fsc) -- A covenant. From barah (like bara'); a compact.">the covenant</a> <a href="/hebrew/1.htm" title="1: ’ă·ḇō·ṯê·nū (N-mpc:: 1cp) -- Father. A primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application).">of our fathers?</a> 11Judah has broken faith; an abomination has been committed in Israel and in Jerusalem. For Judah has profaned the LORD’s beloved sanctuary by marrying the daughter of a foreign god.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/genesis/1-27.htm">Genesis 1:27</a> So God created man in His own image; in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them. <a href="/acts/17-26.htm">Acts 17:26</a> From one man He made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and He determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their lands. <a href="/ephesians/4-6.htm">Ephesians 4:6</a> one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all. <a href="/isaiah/63-16.htm">Isaiah 63:16</a> Yet You are our Father, though Abraham does not know us and Israel does not acknowledge us. You, O LORD, are our Father; our Redeemer from Everlasting is Your name. <a href="/1_corinthians/8-6.htm">1 Corinthians 8:6</a> yet for us there is but one God, the Father, from whom all things came and for whom we exist. And there is but one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came and through whom we exist. <a href="/deuteronomy/32-6.htm">Deuteronomy 32:6</a> Is this how you repay the LORD, O foolish and senseless people? Is He not your Father and Creator? Has He not made you and established you? <a href="/matthew/23-9.htm">Matthew 23:9</a> And do not call anyone on earth your father, for you have one Father, who is in heaven. <a href="/job/31-15.htm">Job 31:15</a> Did not He who made me in the womb also make them? Did not the same One form us in the womb? <a href="/romans/3-29.htm">Romans 3:29-30</a> Is God the God of Jews only? Is He not the God of Gentiles too? Yes, of Gentiles too, / since there is only one God, who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through that same faith. <a href="/1_john/3-1.htm">1 John 3:1</a> Behold what manner of love the Father has given to us, that we should be called children of God. And that is what we are! The reason the world does not know us is that it did not know Him. <a href="/isaiah/64-8.htm">Isaiah 64:8</a> But now, O LORD, You are our Father; we are the clay, and You are the potter; we are all the work of Your hand. <a href="/galatians/3-28.htm">Galatians 3:28</a> There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. <a href="/john/1-12.htm">John 1:12-13</a> But to all who did receive Him, to those who believed in His name, He gave the right to become children of God— / children born not of blood, nor of the desire or will of man, but born of God. <a href="/1_corinthians/12-13.htm">1 Corinthians 12:13</a> For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body, whether Jews or Greeks, slave or free, and we were all given one Spirit to drink. <a href="/psalms/100-3.htm">Psalm 100:3</a> Know that the LORD is God. It is He who made us, and we are His; we are His people, and the sheep of His pasture.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Have we not all one father? has not one God created us? why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother, by profaning the covenant of our fathers?all.<a href="/malachi/1-6.htm">Malachi 1:6</a> A son honoureth his father, and a servant his master: if then I be a father, where is mine honour? and if I be a master, where is my fear? saith the LORD of hosts unto you, O priests, that despise my name. And ye say, Wherein have we despised thy name?<a href="/joshua/24-3.htm">Joshua 24:3</a> And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the flood, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan, and multiplied his seed, and gave him Isaac.<a href="/isaiah/51-2.htm">Isaiah 51:2</a> Look unto Abraham your father, and unto Sarah that bare you: for I called him alone, and blessed him, and increased him.hath.<a href="/job/31-15.htm">Job 31:15</a> Did not he that made me in the womb make him? and did not one fashion us in the womb?<a href="/psalms/100-3.htm">Psalm 100:3</a> Know ye that the LORD he is God: it is he that hath made us, and not we ourselves; we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture.<a href="/isaiah/43-1.htm">Isaiah 43:1,7,15</a> But now thus saith the LORD that created thee, O Jacob, and he that formed thee, O Israel, Fear not: for I have redeemed thee, I have called thee by thy name; thou art mine… why.<a href="/malachi/2-11.htm">Malachi 2:11,14,15</a> Judah hath dealt treacherously, and an abomination is committed in Israel and in Jerusalem; for Judah hath profaned the holiness of the LORD which he loved, and hath married the daughter of a strange god… <a href="/jeremiah/9-4.htm">Jeremiah 9:4,5</a> Take ye heed every one of his neighbour, and trust ye not in any brother: for every brother will utterly supplant, and every neighbour will walk with slanders… <a href="/micah/7-2.htm">Micah 7:2-6</a> The good man is perished out of the earth: and there is none upright among men: they all lie in wait for blood; they hunt every man his brother with a net… by.<a href="/malachi/2-8.htm">Malachi 2:8,11</a> But ye are departed out of the way; ye have caused many to stumble at the law; ye have corrupted the covenant of Levi, saith the LORD of hosts… <a href="/exodus/34-10.htm">Exodus 34:10-16</a> And he said, Behold, I make a covenant: before all thy people I will do marvels, such as have not been done in all the earth, nor in any nation: and all the people among which thou art shall see the work of the LORD: for it is a terrible thing that I will do with thee… <a href="/joshua/23-12.htm">Joshua 23:12-16</a> Else if ye do in any wise go back, and cleave unto the remnant of these nations, even these that remain among you, and shall make marriages with them, and go in unto them, and they to you: … <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/zechariah/11-14.htm">Breaking</a> <a href="/malachi/2-8.htm">Covenant</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Create</a> <a href="/ezekiel/28-15.htm">Created</a> <a href="/zechariah/8-11.htm">Deal</a> <a href="/zechariah/8-8.htm">Faith</a> <a href="/zephaniah/3-4.htm">Faithless</a> <a href="/zechariah/8-14.htm">Fathers</a> <a href="/haggai/1-2.htm">Hasn't</a> <a href="/malachi/1-12.htm">Profane</a> <a href="/malachi/1-12.htm">Profaning</a> <a href="/habakkuk/1-13.htm">Treacherously</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/matthew/14-19.htm">Breaking</a> <a href="/malachi/2-14.htm">Covenant</a> <a href="/romans/16-17.htm">Create</a> <a href="/matthew/19-4.htm">Created</a> <a href="/malachi/2-15.htm">Deal</a> <a href="/malachi/2-11.htm">Faith</a> <a href="/malachi/2-11.htm">Faithless</a> <a href="/malachi/3-7.htm">Fathers</a> <a href="/john/1-5.htm">Hasn't</a> <a href="/matthew/12-5.htm">Profane</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/11-27.htm">Profaning</a> <a href="/malachi/2-11.htm">Treacherously</a><div class="vheading2">Malachi 2</div>1. <a href="/malachi/2-1.htm">He sharply reproves the priests for neglecting their covenant;</a> 10. <a href="/malachi/2-10.htm">and the people for marrying strange wives;</a> 13. <a href="/malachi/2-13.htm">and for putting away their former ones,</a> 17. <a href="/malachi/2-17.htm">and for infidelity.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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This phrase emphasizes the shared spiritual heritage of the Israelites, pointing to God as the Father of the nation. In the Old Testament, God is often referred to as the Father of Israel (<a href="/deuteronomy/32-6.htm">Deuteronomy 32:6</a>, <a href="/isaiah/63-16.htm">Isaiah 63:16</a>). This concept underscores the unity and equality among the people, as they all descend from the same divine source. The fatherhood of God also implies a relationship of care, authority, and responsibility, which the Israelites are expected to honor.Did not one God create us? This statement reaffirms the monotheistic belief central to Israelite faith, distinguishing them from surrounding polytheistic cultures. It echoes <a href="/genesis/1-27.htm">Genesis 1:27</a>, where God creates humanity in His image, establishing the inherent dignity and worth of every person. The creation by one God implies a shared purpose and destiny, calling the Israelites to live in harmony and obedience to their Creator.Why then do we break faith with one another Breaking faith refers to acts of betrayal or unfaithfulness, particularly in the context of covenant relationships. In Malachi's time, this included issues like divorce and social injustice, which violated the community's covenantal obligations. The prophets frequently addressed such breaches, urging a return to faithfulness (<a href="/hosea/4.htm">Hosea 4:1-2</a>, <a href="/jeremiah/5.htm">Jeremiah 5:1-2</a>). This phrase challenges the Israelites to examine their actions and restore integrity in their relationships.so as to profane the covenant of our fathers? The covenant of the fathers refers to the agreements God made with the patriarchs—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—and later with the nation of Israel at Sinai. Profaning the covenant means treating it with disrespect or irreverence, often through disobedience or idolatry. This phrase highlights the seriousness of covenant violations, which not only harm interpersonal relationships but also dishonor the sacred commitments made with God. The call is to uphold the covenant faithfully, reflecting God's holiness and justice.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/m/malachi.htm">Malachi</a> The last prophet in the Old Testament, Malachi addresses the spiritual and moral decay of the Israelites after their return from exile. 2. <a href="/topical/i/israelites.htm">Israelites</a> The people of God who have returned from Babylonian exile and are struggling with faithfulness to God's covenant. 3. <a href="/topical/c/covenant_of_the_fathers.htm">Covenant of the Fathers</a> Refers to the covenant God made with the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob) and later with Moses at Sinai, emphasizing faithfulness and obedience. 4. <a href="/topical/o/one_father.htm">One Father</a> A reference to God as the Father of all, highlighting the unity and shared heritage of the Israelites. 5. <a href="/topical/p/profaning_the_covenant.htm">Profaning the Covenant</a> The act of breaking faith with God and each other, which is seen as a serious violation of their relationship with God.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/u/unity_in_creation.htm">Unity in Creation</a> Recognize that all humans are created by one God, which calls us to treat each other with respect and dignity. <a href="/topical/f/faithfulness_to_the_covenant.htm">Faithfulness to the Covenant</a> Understand the importance of remaining faithful to God's covenant, which includes loving and serving one another. <a href="/topical/b/breaking_faith.htm">Breaking Faith</a> Reflect on how breaking faith with others is a serious offense that dishonors God and damages community relationships. <a href="/topical/g/god_as_father.htm">God as Father</a> Embrace the concept of God as our Father, which unites us as a family and calls us to live in harmony. <a href="/topical/l/living_the_covenant.htm">Living the Covenant</a> Apply the principles of the covenant in daily life by being trustworthy, loving, and committed to God's commands.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_malachi_2.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Malachi 2</a> <a href="/q/is_god_our_father.htm">Is God our Father?</a> <a href="/q/what_defines_multiculturalism.htm">What defines multiculturalism?</a> <a href="/q/is_there_a_mother_god_deity.htm">Is there a female deity called Mother God?</a> <a href="/q/how_is_'call_no_man_father'_reconciled.htm">(Matthew 23:9) How is “call no man father” reconciled with traditions that use fatherly titles for clergy? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/malachi/2.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(10-17) The prophet now rebukes the two great sins of the nation at this time: (1) marriage with idolatresses; (2) divorce of the first (Israelitish) wife. He introduces this rebuke by a general statement, similar to that of <a href="/malachi/1-2.htm" title="I have loved you, said the LORD. Yet you say, Wherein have you loved us? Was not Esau Jacob's brother? said the LORD: yet I loved Jacob,">Malachi 1:2</a>.(10) One father--i.e., not Adam, Abraham, or Jacob (as various commentators have held), but God Himself (<a href="/malachi/1-6.htm" title="A son honors his father, and a servant his master: if then I be a father, where is my honor? and if I be a master, where is my fear? said the LORD of hosts to you, O priests, that despise my name. And you say, Wherein have we despised your name?">Malachi 1:6</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/32-6.htm" title="Do you thus requite the LORD, O foolish people and unwise? is not he your father that has bought you? has he not made you, and established you?">Deuteronomy 32:6</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/32-18.htm" title="Of the Rock that begat you you are unmindful, and have forgotten God that formed you.">Deuteronomy 32:18</a>), who is the spiritual Father of the nation, and in whom they are all brothers and sisters; so that when an Israelite married a heathen woman, or divorced an Israelitish wife, it was an offence against God, a "profaning the covenant of the fathers," and a violation of the fraternal relation. Moreover, "one God created" them for His glory (<a href="/isaiah/43-7.htm" title="Even every one that is called by my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed him; yes, I have made him.">Isaiah 43:7</a>), for the special purpose of being a witness to His unity. The admission of idolatresses into their families would be fatal to this object. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/malachi/2.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 10-16 - Part II. CONDEMNATION OF PRIESTS AND PEOPLE FOR ALIEN MARRIAGES AND FOR DIVORCES. Verse 10. - Have we not all one Father? In proceeding to his new subject, the violations of the law of marriage, the prophet pursues his habitual method. He starts with a general principle, here assuming an interrogative form, and on it builds his rebuke. The priests were guilty, if not of profane marriages, at any rate of sinful neglect in not warning the people against them. Many take the "one father" to be Abraham (<a href="/isaiah/51-2.htm">Isaiah 51:2</a>), and it is no objection to this view that he was also the progenitor of Ishmaelites, Edomites, etc., because there was at this time no question about marriage with these nations, but with Canaanites, Moabites, Egyptians, and so on. But the parallelism with the following clause shows that by the Father is meant Almighty God (comp. <a href="/malachi/1-6.htm">Malachi 1:6</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/32-6.htm">Deuteronomy 32:6</a>; <a href="/isaiah/63-16.htm">Isaiah 63:16</a>). Hath not one God created us? Hath not God taken us as his peculiar people, so as to call us his sons and his firstborn (comp. <a href="/exodus/4-22.htm">Exodus 4:22, 23</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/32-18.htm">Deuteronomy 32:18</a>; <a href="/isaiah/1-2.htm">Isaiah 1:2</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/3-19.htm">Jeremiah 3:19</a>)? Of course, God created all men; but the Jews alone recognized him as Creator. The prophet's proposition is that all Israelites were spiritual brothers and sisters, equally loved and chosen by God. From this he argues that in sinning against one another, they offended their common Father, and broke the family compact. Deal treacherously. Act faithlessly against one another. He does not yet say in what this treachery consists, but adds, by profaning the covenant of our fathers. He unites himself with them, because he suffered in their sin. They violated the covenant by which God chose them to be his peculiar people and placed himself in mysterious relation to them, on condition that they should keep themselves aloof from the evil nations around them, and avoid all connection with them and their practices. By intermarriages with the heathen, they profaned this covenant. This evil was one which Ezra had done his best to eradicate, using most stringent measures for its suppression (<a href="/ezra/9.htm">Ezra 9, 10</a>.); Nehemiah, too, contended against those who had contracted these marriages, when he found on his return to Jerusalem many such transgressors (<a href="/nehemiah/13-23.htm">Nehemiah 13:23-28</a>); and now the prophet lifts up his voice in the cause of purity and obedience. The warning against throe mixed unions is found in <a href="/exodus/34-16.htm">Exodus 34:16</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/7-3.htm">Deuteronomy 7:3</a>; <a href="/joshua/23-12.htm">Joshua 23:12</a>, 18. <a href="/commentaries/malachi/2-10.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Do we not הֲל֨וֹא (hă·lō·w) Adverb - Negative particle <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> Not, no all לְכֻלָּ֔נוּ (lə·ḵul·lā·nū) Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every have one אֶחָד֙ (’e·ḥāḏ) Number - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> United, one, first Father? אָ֤ב (’āḇ) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1.htm">Strong's 1: </a> Father Did not הֲל֛וֹא (hă·lō·w) Adverb - Negative particle <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> Not, no one אֶֽחָ֖ד (’e·ḥāḏ) Number - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> United, one, first God אֵ֥ל (’êl) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_410.htm">Strong's 410: </a> Strength -- as adjective, mighty, the Almighty create us? בְּרָאָ֑נוּ (bə·rā·’ā·nū) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | first person common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1254.htm">Strong's 1254: </a> To create, to cut down, select, feed Why then מַדּ֗וּעַ (mad·dū·a‘) Interrogative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4069.htm">Strong's 4069: </a> Why? for what reason? do we break faith נִבְגַּד֙ (niḇ·gaḏ) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_898.htm">Strong's 898: </a> To cover, to act covertly, to pillage with one אִ֣ישׁ (’îš) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_376.htm">Strong's 376: </a> A man as an individual, a male person another בְּאָחִ֔יו (bə·’ā·ḥîw) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_251.htm">Strong's 251: </a> A brother, ) so as to profane לְחַלֵּ֖ל (lə·ḥal·lêl) Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2490.htm">Strong's 2490: </a> To bore, to wound, to dissolve, to profane, to break, to begin, to play the covenant בְּרִ֥ית (bə·rîṯ) Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1285.htm">Strong's 1285: </a> A covenant of our fathers? אֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃ (’ă·ḇō·ṯê·nū) Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1.htm">Strong's 1: </a> Father <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/malachi/2-10.htm">Malachi 2:10 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/malachi/2-10.htm">OT Prophets: Malachi 2:10 Don't we all have one father? Hasn't (Malachi Mal Ml) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/malachi/2-9.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Malachi 2:9"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Malachi 2:9" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/malachi/2-11.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Malachi 2:11"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Malachi 2:11" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>