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id="toc-Composizione_e_terminologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Struttura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Struttura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Struttura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Struttura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caratteristiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratteristiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Caratteristiche</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Caratteristiche-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Caratteristiche</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Caratteristiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pendenza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pendenza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Pendenza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pendenza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gradini_sfalsati" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gradini_sfalsati"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Gradini sfalsati</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gradini_sfalsati-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_progettazione_dei_gradini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_progettazione_dei_gradini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>La progettazione dei gradini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_progettazione_dei_gradini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Progettazione_della_rampa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Progettazione_della_rampa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Progettazione della rampa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Progettazione_della_rampa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Scala (architettura)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 90 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala" title="Escala - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Escala" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC" title="درج - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="درج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalera" title="Escalera - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escalera" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pill%C9%99k%C9%99n" title="Pilləkən - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pilləkən" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undag" title="Undag - balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Undag" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лесвіца - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лесвіца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лесьвіца - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лесьвіца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5" title="Стълбище - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стълбище" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF" title="সিঁড়ি - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিঁড়ি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skalier" title="Skalier - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skalier" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_(element_constructiu)" title="Escala (element constructiu) - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escala (element constructiu)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%A9%E1%8F%A0%E1%8F%92%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᎩᏠᏒᏍᏗ - cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᎩᏠᏒᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schodi%C5%A1t%C4%9B" title="Schodiště - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Schodiště" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%C3%A7" title="Картлаç - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Картлаç" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trappe" title="Trappe - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Trappe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treppe" title="Treppe - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Treppe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Σκάλες - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σκάλες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stairs" title="Stairs - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Stairs" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ctuparo" title="Ŝtuparo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝtuparo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalera" title="Escalera - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escalera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trepp" title="Trepp - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Trepp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskailera" title="Eskailera - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskailera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پلکان - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پلکان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaat" title="Portaat - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Portaat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalier" title="Escalier - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Escalier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88gr%C3%A2s" title="Ègrâs - francoprovenzale" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ègrâs" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovenzale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trep" title="Trep - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Trep" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staighre" title="Staighre - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Staighre" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escaleira" title="Escaleira - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escaleira" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu%27adu" title="Tu'adu - gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Tu'adu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greeish" title="Greeish - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Greeish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%AA" title="מדרגות - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדרגות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stubi%C5%A1te" title="Stubište - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Stubište" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskalye" title="Eskalye - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Eskalye" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9pcs%C5%91" title="Lépcső - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lépcső" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B2%D6%84" title="Սանդուղք - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սանդուղք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangga" title="Tangga - iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Tangga" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangga" title="Tangga - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tangga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskalero" title="Eskalero - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Eskalero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stigi" title="Stigi - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stigi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%8E%E6%AE%B5" title="階段 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="階段" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undhak-undhakan" title="Undhak-undhakan - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Undhak-undhakan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81" title="ಮೆಟ್ಟಲು ಸಾಲು - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೆಟ್ಟಲು ಸಾಲು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EB%8B%A8" title="계단 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="계단" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A0%DB%8C%D9%9A%D8%B1%D9%95" title="ہؠیٚرٕ - kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ہؠیٚرٕ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalae" title="Scalae - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scalae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trap" title="Trap - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Trap" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalera" title="Scalera - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Scalera" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trap" title="Trap - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Trap" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laiptai" title="Laiptai - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Laiptai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81pnes" title="Kāpnes - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kāpnes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шат - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шат" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangga" title="Tangga - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tangga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A2%E0%A5%80" title="सिँढी - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सिँढी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87" title="स्वाने - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="स्वाने" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trap_(gebouw)" title="Trap (gebouw) - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Trap (gebouw)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapp" title="Trapp - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Trapp" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapp" title="Trapp - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Trapp" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escali%C3%A8r" title="Escalièr - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Escalièr" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8C%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82" title="ਪੌੜੀਆਂ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੌੜੀਆਂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schteeg" title="Schteeg - tedesco della Pennsylvania" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Schteeg" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco della Pennsylvania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schody" title="Schody - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Schody" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%91%DB%8C" title="پوڑی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پوڑی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escada" title="Escada - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siqana_pata-pata" title="Siqana pata-pata - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Siqana pata-pata" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scar%C4%83_(arhitectur%C4%83)" title="Scară (arhitectură) - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scară (arhitectură)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лестница - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лестница" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Кирилиэс - sacha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кирилиэс" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sacha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_(architittura)" title="Scala (architittura) - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scala (architittura)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stairs" title="Stairs - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Stairs" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepenice" title="Stepenice - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Stepenice" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stairs" title="Stairs - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Stairs" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schodisko" title="Schodisko - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Schodisko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danhiko" title="Danhiko - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Danhiko" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Степениште - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Степениште" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trappa" title="Trappa - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Trappa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="படிக்கட்டு - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="படிக்கட்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" title="మెట్టు - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మెట్టు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%94" title="บันได - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บันได" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merdiven" title="Merdiven - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Merdiven" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Сходи - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сходи" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%DA%91%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="سیڑھیاں - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیڑھیاں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zina" title="Zina - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Zina" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A7u_thang" title="Cầu thang - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cầu thang" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont%C3%AAyes_(bastimint)" title="Montêyes (bastimint) - vallone" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Montêyes (bastimint)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A5%BC%E6%A2%AF" title="楼梯 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="楼梯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A4%D6%BC" title="טרעפּ - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טרעפּ" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A5%BC%E6%A2%AF" title="楼梯 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="楼梯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/14_-_ITALY_-_Stair_drawing_-_Scale_disegno_con_note.svg/170px-14_-_ITALY_-_Stair_drawing_-_Scale_disegno_con_note.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/14_-_ITALY_-_Stair_drawing_-_Scale_disegno_con_note.svg/255px-14_-_ITALY_-_Stair_drawing_-_Scale_disegno_con_note.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/14_-_ITALY_-_Stair_drawing_-_Scale_disegno_con_note.svg/340px-14_-_ITALY_-_Stair_drawing_-_Scale_disegno_con_note.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="1123" /></a><figcaption>Disegno esplicativo di una scala con e senza mezzanino</figcaption></figure> <p>La <b>scala</b> (detta anche <b>scala fissa</b>, per distinguerla da <a href="/wiki/Scala_(utensile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scala (utensile)">quella portatile</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) in <a href="/wiki/Architettura" title="Architettura">architettura</a> è una <a href="/wiki/Costruzione_edilizia" class="mw-redirect" title="Costruzione edilizia">costruzione edilizia</a> che si definisce come struttura di collegamento verticale fra i diversi <a href="/wiki/Piano_(architettura)" title="Piano (architettura)">piani</a> di un <a href="/wiki/Edificio" title="Edificio">edificio</a>. </p><p>Per estensione, il termine, nei <a href="/wiki/Condominio" title="Condominio">condomini</a>, indica anche il gruppo di appartamenti situati intorno a una stessa scala. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composizione_e_terminologia">Composizione e terminologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Composizione e terminologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Composizione e terminologia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Una rampa di scale è una serie di <i>gradini</i>, elementi orizzontali che si susseguono a quote progressivamente diverse per permettere a un utente di salire o scendere le scale. La differenza in quota tra un gradino e il seguente è chiamata <i>alzata</i>, mentre la sua profondità si chiama <i>pedata</i>. Una scala può essere composta da più rampe, divise da <i><a href="/wiki/Pianerottoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Pianerottoli">pianerottoli</a></i>, elementi piani più larghi di un gradino che hanno la funzione di permettere il riposo a chi sale, oppure semplicemente ad accedere ad altre zone dell'edificio. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struttura">Struttura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Struttura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Struttura"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anticamente le scale degli edifici erano costruite in <a href="/wiki/Legno" title="Legno">legno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pietra_(classificazione_commerciale)" title="Pietra (classificazione commerciale)">pietra</a> o <a href="/wiki/Laterizio" title="Laterizio">laterizio</a> ed erano incastrate tra due muri portanti. La scarsa resistenza dei materiali impediva di avere larghezze del gradino rilevanti, mentre gli elevati costi costruttivi costringevano a ridurre lo spazio disponibile per le scale; dovendo comunque superare il dislivello tra i piani, i costruttori aumentavano a dismisura la pendenza delle rampe. </p><p>Questo tipo di scale è tuttavia di fatto obsoleto, essendosi affermate le scale adiacenti a una sola parete. È d'altronde possibile realizzare scale portate dai soli pianerottoli a cui sono vincolati, senza necessità di pareti perimetrali. Una suddivisione si può anche fare tra scale a <i>gradini portanti</i> o a <i>gradini non portanti</i>: Nelle prime i gradini sono progettati e costruiti come delle piccole <a href="/wiki/Travi" class="mw-redirect" title="Travi">travi</a> sporgenti da muri o da travi a ginocchio. Nelle seconde la rampa è concepita come un <a href="/wiki/Solaio" title="Solaio">solaio</a>, vincolato ai pianerottoli o ai muri laterali, e calcolato come una <a href="/wiki/Piastra" title="Piastra">piastra</a>. </p><p>Nella maggior parte degli edifici, la scala trova spazio in un vano apposito, chiamato anche <i>gabbia</i>, che ha generalmente una pianta rettangolare che occupa le spazio sufficiente per due rampe di scale parallele che si incontrano in pianerottoli ai lati più distanti del rettangolo, oppure può occupare in pianta un'area quadrata sufficiente perché la scala giri intorno a un pozzo centrale (<i>scala a pozzo</i>) che accoglie quasi sempre l'<a href="/wiki/Ascensore" title="Ascensore">ascensore</a><sup id="cite_ref-ei_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ei-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Quando il vano scale ha una pianta circolare (o in certi casi ellittica), si parla di <i><a href="/wiki/Scala_a_chiocciola" title="Scala a chiocciola">scala a chiocciola</a></i>. Per via dell'economicità della pianta circolare, le scale a chiocciola sono storicamente state usate dove ci fosse uno spazio disponibile limitato. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratteristiche">Caratteristiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Caratteristiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Caratteristiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pendenza">Pendenza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Pendenza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Pendenza"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scala_sfalsata_-_carlo_scarpa_in_castelvecchio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Scala_sfalsata_-_carlo_scarpa_in_castelvecchio.jpg/180px-Scala_sfalsata_-_carlo_scarpa_in_castelvecchio.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Scala_sfalsata_-_carlo_scarpa_in_castelvecchio.jpg/270px-Scala_sfalsata_-_carlo_scarpa_in_castelvecchio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Scala_sfalsata_-_carlo_scarpa_in_castelvecchio.jpg/360px-Scala_sfalsata_-_carlo_scarpa_in_castelvecchio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1488" data-file-height="1984" /></a><figcaption>Scala a gradini sfalsati di <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Scarpa" title="Carlo Scarpa">Carlo Scarpa</a>; <a href="/wiki/Castelvecchio_(Verona)" title="Castelvecchio (Verona)">Castelvecchio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A seconda della pendenza, una scala moderna può essere <i>a pioli</i> se è quasi verticale e dunque i gradini fungono da appoggio per i piedi tanto quanto da appiglio per le mani, oppure <i>tecnica</i>, se la pendenza è comunque molto elevata (superiore ai 50º); queste scale sono previste di rado per usi occasionali di manutenzione e simili. Le scale comuni hanno una pendenza compresa circa tra i 20 e i 45º, dove di solito sono tanto più ripide, quanto il loro uso è privato. Le scale esterne sono generalmente meno ripide perché lo spazio disponibile è maggiore e le condizioni atmosferiche possono creare condizioni di rischio. Per pendenze minori ai 20º si realizzano piuttosto <a href="/wiki/Cordonate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cordonate">cordonate</a>, sotto gli 8º <a href="/wiki/Rampe" class="mw-redirect" title="Rampe">rampe</a> a pendenza continua<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gradini_sfalsati">Gradini sfalsati</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Gradini sfalsati" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Gradini sfalsati"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un particolare genere di scale tecniche usate a pendenze notevoli è quello delle scale a gradini sfalsati: ogni gradino è di forma triangolare, o comunque occupa la sola parte destra o sinistra della scala, in modo da occupare meno spazio possibile in pianta. L'utente però è costretto a iniziare la salita con un piede determinato e non può tenere più di un piede su un singolo gradino<sup id="cite_ref-ei_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ei-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Lo sfalsamento può essere contemporaneamente anche di tipo orizzontale, fino a mezza pedata, ma è un caso più raro. Il percorso risulta, quindi, costituito da una successione di gradini che si devono calpestare in modo alternato secondo un ordine preciso. Si ottiene così una riduzione allo sviluppo in pianta della rampa di scale che può arrivare alla metà della lunghezza di una scala normale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_progettazione_dei_gradini">La progettazione dei gradini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione La progettazione dei gradini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: La progettazione dei gradini"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La larghezza della rampa è funzione del numero di persone che vi possono transitare contemporaneamente e dell'uso a cui è adibita. L'alzata in genere è compresa tra i 15 e i 20 cm mentre la pedata viene calcolata tramite relazioni empiriche basate sul lavoro svolto dall'utente nell'affrontare il dislivello. </p><p>Infatti al variare della pendenza, l'utente tende a modificare la lunghezza del passo di modo tale che il lavoro svolto per superare un gradino sia uguale al lavoro svolto per compiere lo stesso passo su un piano. Questo comporta che l'aumento della pedata corrisponde ad una riduzione dell'alzata e viceversa. </p><p>La formula più usata è la cosiddetta formula di <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Blondel" title="François Blondel">Blondel</a> (A=alzata, P=pedata): </p> <ul><li>2A + P = 62 ÷ 64 cm</li></ul> <p>Altre formule utilizzate sono<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>A + P = 48 cm</li> <li>P + 4/3 A = 52 cm</li></ul> <p>La legge sulle barriere architettoniche (D.M. Ministero dei LL. PP. 14/06/89 nº236) richiede i seguenti requisiti: rapporto tra alzata e pedata (pedata minimo di 30 cm per gli edifici pubblici e aree comuni; pedata minimo 25 cm per edifici residenziali): la somma tra il doppio dell'alzata e la pedata deve essere compresa tra 62 ÷ 64 cm (art. 8.1.10 Scale del D.M. citato). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Progettazione_della_rampa">Progettazione della rampa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Progettazione della rampa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Progettazione della rampa"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel caso di rampa rettilinea questa deve avere non meno di 3 gradini e non più di 15 per non indurre una sensazione di vuoto nell'utente e per spezzare il lavoro dell'utente senza intralciare il movimento degli altri utenti. </p><p>Se la scala è ad asse curvilineo è bene che la pedata non scenda sotto i 10 cm sul bordo interno. </p><p>La legge può prevedere requisiti da rispettare, ad esempio in Italia il <a href="/wiki/Corrimano" class="mw-redirect" title="Corrimano">corrimano</a> deve avere un'altezza tra 90 cm e 1 m e deve essere distante almeno 4 cm dal muro. Il parapetto posto sul vuoto deve avere un'altezza minima di 1 m ed essere inattraversabile da una sfera del diametro di 10 cm (DM. 236 14/06/89). È comunemente accettato che le aste debbano essere verticali e non orizzontali per evitare il pericolosissimo "effetto scaletta". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teknoring.com/wikitecnica/sicurezza-sul-lavoro/scala-fissa-a-pioli-doppia-con-elementi-innestati/">Teknoring - Scala (fissa, a pioli, doppia, con elementi innestati)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ei-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-ei_2-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-ei_2-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEI_scala" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Guglielmo De Ancelis D'Ossat e Gino Buro, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/scala_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">SCALA</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 1936.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12511#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Luca Zevi, <span style="font-style:italic;">Il nuovissimo manuale dell'architetto</span>, p. 116.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> prof. Francesco Zanghi, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profzanghi.weebly.com/uploads/9/0/0/4/9004706/scale.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sussidi didattici per il corso di PROGETTAZIONE, COSTRUZIONI E IMPIANTI</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">profzanghi.weebly.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 22 luglio 2018</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montascale" title="Montascale">Montascale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_a_chiocciola" title="Scala a chiocciola">Scala a chiocciola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_ad_ali_di_falco" title="Scala ad ali di falco">Scala ad ali di falco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_alla_trapanese" title="Scala alla trapanese">Scala alla trapanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_modulare" title="Scala modulare">Scala modulare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_mobile" title="Scala mobile">Scala mobile</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Scala_(architettura)" class="extiw" title="q:Scala (architettura)">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/scala" class="extiw" title="wikt:scala">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Stairs"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stairs?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni sulla <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Scala_(architettura)" class="extiw" title="q:Scala (architettura)">scala</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/scala" class="extiw" title="wikt:scala">scala</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file sulla <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stairs?uselang=it">scala</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scala_(architettura)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Guglielmo De Ancelis D'Ossat e Gino Buro, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/scala_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">SCALA</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1936.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12511#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/staircase-architecture"><span style="font-style:italic;">staircase</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12511#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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