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Mariano Alafont | Real Academia de la Historia
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class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <h1 class="page-header"><span>Mariano Alafont</span> </h1> <article role="article" about="/biografias/19117/mariano-alafont" class="bio full clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="wrapper-biografia"> <div class="field field--name-field-biografia field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field--label sr-only">Biografía</div> <div class="field--item"> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;"> Alafont, Mariano. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Valencia, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">c. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">1724 – México (Filipinas), 12.XI.1788. Agustino (OSA), gramático.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Nació en Valencia hacia el año 1724. Vistió la cogulla agustina en el convento de su ciudad natal y en septiembre del año 1749 se enroló en la misión colectada por el padre Miguel Vivas para pasar a Filipinas.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Antes de embarcarse en el </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Aristón </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">se le hizo la siguiente identificación: “5. P. Mariano Alafont, sacerdote, natural de Valencia, de 25 años. M. C., blanco, poca barba, ojos y pelo negros”.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">A su llegada a Manila fue afiliado a la Provincia agustiniana de Filipinas el 25 de septiembre de 1752. Se le reconoció su título de Artes y fue nombrado lector en Teología del convento de Manila (1753). Al año siguiente se le encomendó la cura pastoral del pueblo de Tayug. Fue también prior de Guagua (1756), Apalit (1759, 1762), Guadalupe (1761), Bacolor (1765), Betis (1769), Manila (1775) y San Fernando (1781).</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">En este último, donde confiesa que “tengo cinquenta y nueve años de edad; reciví la colación y canónica institución en veinte y tres de Julio de mil setecientos ochenta y un años, y en el mismo día, mes y año tomé posesión de este Curato”, se implicó en la enseñanza del Español en las escuelas, mérito reconocido por la Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País con una medalla de oro y 100 pesos, aunque sus esfuerzos no fueran tan correspondidos por sus feligreses, como lo refleja su propio testimonio del año 1784: “Tocante a los muchachos de la escuela debo decir que faltan muchos a ella, por quanto sus padres están viviendo en el campo o en las huertas, como ellos dicen, muy lexos del pueblo. A los que acuden se les enseña a leer, escribir y rezar en lengua española, en cuyo idioma hasta el presente hay pocas ventajas por la falta de exercicio. Aunque hay muchos en el pueblo que entienden y tal cual hablan el Español, por habérselo oído a padres o a españoles, fuera de otros que lo han estudiado. Pero una vez que se establezca en los pueblos escuelas con peritos Maestros que enseñen el Idioma castellano, como ordena nuevamente su Magestad, mayormente si se les obliga a los que sepan leer y escrivir a que estudien por la Gramática que intenta dar a la luz la Real Sociedad Patriótica de Manila, podrán sin duda aprovechar y en pocos años hacerse general y vulgar la lengua española hasta en las mugeres”.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Merece también destacar que fue definidor provincial (1762, 1775) y teólogo consultor del Concilio de Manila (1771), donde presentó un amplio escrito sobre reformas eclesiásticas en Filipinas.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Falleció en el pueblo pampango de México el año 1788.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bibl.: E. Jorde, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Catálogo bio-bibliográfico de los religiosos agustinos de la Provincia del Santísimo Nombre de Jesús de las Islas Filipinas desde su fundación hasta nuestros días, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Manila, Establecimiento Tipográfico del Colegio de Santo Tomás, 1901, pág. 295; G. de Santiago Vela, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Ensayo de una biblioteca Ibero-Americana de la Orden de San Agustín, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. I, Madrid, Imprenta del Asilo de Huérfanos S. C. de Jesús, 1913, págs. 69-70; T. López Bardón, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Monastici Augustiniani, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. III, Valladolid, Ex Typographia Cuesta, 1916, págs. 433-434; A. M.ª de Castro, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Misioneros agustinos del Extremo Oriente, 1565-1780 (Osario Venerable), </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">ed. de M. Merino, Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 1954, págs. 242-243; M. Merino, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Agustinos evangelizadores de Filipinas (1565-1965), </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Madrid, Archivo Agustiniano, 1965, pág. 471; A. Manrique, “Alafont, Mariano”, en Q. Aldea Vaquero, T. Marín Martínez y J. Vives Gatell (dirs.), </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Diccionario de Historia Eclesiástica de España, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. I, Madrid, Instituto Enrique Flórez, CSIC, 1972, págs. 25-26; I. Rodríguez, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Historia de la Provincia Agustiniana del Smo. Nombre de Jesús de Filipinas: Monumenta, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. VIII, Valladolid, Estudio Agustiniano, 1973, pág. 293.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:35pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Jesús Álvarez Fernández, OSA</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:35pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:35pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;"></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section> <aside class="col-sm-4" role="complementary"> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-preguntasfrecuentes" class="block 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