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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Flag Counter » Nigeria</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css" type="text/css" media="all" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="//maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=AIzaSyB9aqCZQ1Zlv9hODz4RY4ZQPzszQd_lqR4&sensor=false"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var MY_MAPTYPE_ID = 'flagcounter'; function initialize() { var mapstyle = [ { "featureType": "administrative.country", "elementType": "labels", "stylers": [ { "visibility": "on" } ] } ]; var mapOptions = { zoom: 1, center: new google.maps.LatLng(10.00,8.00), mapTypeControlOptions: { mapTypeIds: [google.maps.MapTypeId.SATELLITE, google.maps.MapTypeId.TERRAIN, MY_MAPTYPE_ID] }, disableDefaultUI: true, zoomControl: true, mapTypeId: MY_MAPTYPE_ID }; map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map_canvas'),mapOptions); var styledMapOptions = { name: 'Default' }; var fcMapType = new google.maps.StyledMapType(mapstyle, styledMapOptions); map.mapTypes.set(MY_MAPTYPE_ID, fcMapType); image = new google.maps.MarkerImage("https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ng.png");var shape = { coord: [1, 1, 16, 11], type: 'rect' };var LatLng = new google.maps.LatLng(10.00,8.00);var contentString = '<div id="countryinfoni" align=left>Nigeria <img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=6> Population: 203,452,505</div>';var infowindowni = new google.maps.InfoWindow({ content: contentString });var markerni = new google.maps.Marker({ icon:image, shape: shape, position: LatLng, map: map });google.maps.event.addListener(markerni, 'click', function() { infowindowni.open(map,markerni); }); } </script> <script src="/js/jquery-1.9.0.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.dd.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link 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data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ge.png">Georgia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/de/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/de.png">Germany</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gh/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gh.png">Ghana</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gi/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gi.png">Gibraltar</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gr.png">Greece</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gl.png">Greenland</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gd/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gd.png">Grenada</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gu.png">Guam</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gt/" 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data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kz.png">Kazakhstan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ke/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ke.png">Kenya</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ki/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ki.png">Kiribati</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/xk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/xk.png">Kosovo</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kw.png">Kuwait</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kg.png">Kyrgyzstan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/la/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/la.png">Laos</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lv/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lv.png">Latvia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lb.png">Lebanon</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ls/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ls.png">Lesotho</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lr.png">Liberia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ly/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ly.png">Libya</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/li/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/li.png">Liechtenstein</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lt/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lt.png">Lithuania</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lu.png">Luxembourg</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mo/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mo.png">Macao</option><option 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data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/me.png">Montenegro</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ms/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ms.png">Montserrat</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ma/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ma.png">Morocco</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mz.png">Mozambique</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/na/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/na.png">Namibia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nr.png">Nauru</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/np/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/np.png">Nepal</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nl.png">Netherlands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nc.png">New Caledonia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nz.png">New Zealand</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ni/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ni.png">Nicaragua</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ne/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ne.png">Niger</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ng/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ng.png" selected>Nigeria</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nu.png">Niue</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nf.png">Norfolk Island</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kp/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kp.png">North Korea</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mp/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mp.png">Northern Mariana Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/no/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/no.png">Norway</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/om/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/om.png">Oman</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pk.png">Pakistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pw.png">Palau</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ps/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ps.png">Palestinian Territory</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pa.png">Panama</option><option 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value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lc.png">Saint Lucia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mf.png">Saint Martin</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pm.png">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vc.png">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ws/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ws.png">Samoa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sm.png">San Marino</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/st/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/st.png">Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sa.png">Saudi Arabia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sn.png">Senegal</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/rs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/rs.png">Serbia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sc.png">Seychelles</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sl.png">Sierra Leone</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sg.png">Singapore</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sx/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sx.png">Sint Maarten</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sk.png">Slovakia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/si/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/si.png">Slovenia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sb.png">Solomon Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/so/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/so.png">Somalia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/za/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/za.png">South Africa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kr.png">South Korea</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ss/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ss.png">South Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/es/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/es.png">Spain</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lk.png">Sri Lanka</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sd/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sd.png">Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sr.png">Suriname</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sj.png">Svalbard</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sz.png">Eswatini</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/se/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/se.png">Sweden</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ch/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ch.png">Switzerland</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sy.png">Syria</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tw.png">Taiwan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tj.png">Tajikistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tz.png">Tanzania</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/th/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/th.png">Thailand</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/bs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/bs.png">Bahamas</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gm.png">Gambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tl.png">Timor-Leste</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tg.png">Togo</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tk.png">Tokelau</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/to/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/to.png">Tonga</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tt/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tt.png">Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tn.png">Tunisia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tr.png">Turkey</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tm.png">Turkmenistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tc.png">Turks and Caicos Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tv/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tv.png">Tuvalu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ug/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ug.png">Uganda</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ua/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ua.png">Ukraine</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ae/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ae.png">United Arab Emirates</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gb.png">United Kingdom</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/us/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/us.png">United States</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uy.png">Uruguay</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uz.png">Uzbekistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vu.png">Vanuatu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/va/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/va.png">Vatican City</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ve/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ve.png">Venezuela</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vn.png">Vietnam</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vi/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vi.png">U.S. Virgin Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/wf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/wf.png">Wallis and Futuna</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/eh/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/eh.png">Western Sahara</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ye/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ye.png">Yemen</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zm.png">Zambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zw.png">Zimbabwe</option></select><h1>Nigeria Population: 203,452,505</h1><table border=0 width=100%><tr><td valign=top>« <a href=/factbook/ne><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ne.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> <a href=/factbook/ne style="text-decoration:none;">Previous Country</a> | <a href=/factbook/nu style="text-decoration:none;">Next Country</a> <a href=/factbook/nu><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nu.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> »</td><td align=right valign=bottom><a href=/flag_details/ng/><img src=https://s01.flagcounter.com/images/flags_128x128/ng.png width=100 style="margin-right:8px;" border=0></a>  </td></tr></table><table border=0 width=100% cellspacing=10><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> History</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 cellpadding=5> British influence and control over what would become Nigeria and Africa's most populous country grew through the 19th century. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy. After independence in 1960, politics were marked by coups and mostly military rule, until the death of a military head of state in 1998 allowed for a political transition. In 1999, a new constitution was adopted and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The government continues to face the daunting task of institutionalizing democracy and reforming a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions. Although both the 2003 and 2007 presidential elections were marred by significant irregularities and violence, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence. The general elections of 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history and the elections of 2011 were generally regarded as credible. The 2015 election was heralded for the fact that the then-umbrella opposition party, the All Progressives Congress, defeated the long-ruling People's Democratic Party that had governed since 1999 and assumed the presidency after a peaceful transfer of power. Successful presidential and legislative elections were held in early 2019.</td></tr></table><table border=0 width=100%><tr><td valign=top><ul style="padding-left:20px;"><li><a href=#geography style="text-decoration:none;">Geography</a><li><a href=#people style="text-decoration:none;">People</a><li><a href=#government style="text-decoration:none;">Government</a><li><a href=#economy style="text-decoration:none;">Economy</a><li><a href=#energy style="text-decoration:none;">Energy</a><li><a href=#communications style="text-decoration:none;">Communications</a><li><a href=#transportation style="text-decoration:none;">Transportation</a><li><a href=#military style="text-decoration:none;">Military</a><li><a href=#issues style="text-decoration:none;">Transnational Issues</a></ul></td><td align=right><img src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?center=10.00,8.00&zoom=2&size=450x225&markers=icon:https://images.boardhost.com/flags/ng.png%7C10.00,8.00&key=AIzaSyB9aqCZQ1Zlv9hODz4RY4ZQPzszQd_lqR4"> </td><td><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif width=50></td></tr></table><table border=0 width=100% cellspacing=5><tr><td><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif width=180 height=1></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=geography>Geography</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><div style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:8px;"><ul> The Niger River enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea</ul></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Location:</td><td> Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Geographic coordinates:</td><td> 10 00 N, 8 00 E</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Area:</td><td> total: 923,768 sq km land: 910,768 sq km water: 13,000 sq km Size comparison: about six times the size of Georgia; slightly more than twice the size of California</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Land Boundaries:</td><td> total: 4,477 km border countries (4): Benin 809 km, Cameroon 1975 km, Chad 85 km, Niger 1608 km</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Coastline:</td><td> 853 km </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Maritime claims:</td><td> territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Climate:</td><td> varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Terrain:</td><td> southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural resources:</td><td> natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Land use:</td><td> agricultural land: 78% (2011 est.) arable land: 37.3% (2011 est.) permanent crops: 7.4% (2011 est.) permanent pasture: 33.3% (2011 est.) forest: 9.5% (2011 est.) other: 12.5% (2011 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Irrigated land:</td><td> 2,930 sq km (2012) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural hazards:</td><td> periodic droughts; flooding</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Current Environment Issues:</td><td> serious overpopulation and rapid urbanization have led to numerous environmental problems; urban air and water pollution; rapid deforestation; soil degradation; loss of arable land; oil pollution - water, air, and soil have suffered serious damage from oil spills</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>International Environment Agreements:</td><td> party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=people>People</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Nationality:</td><td> noun: Nigerian(s) adjective: Nigerian</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Ethnic groups:</td><td> Hausa 27.4%, Igbo (Ibo) 14.1%, Yoruba 13.9%, Fulani 6.3%, Tiv 2.2%, Ibibio 2.2%, Ijaw/Izon 2%, Kanuri/Beriberi 1.7%, Igala 1%, other 28.9%, unspecified .2% (2013 est.) note: Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Languages:</td><td> English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani, over 500 additional indigenous languages</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Religions:</td><td> Muslim 51.6%, Roman Catholic 11.2%, other Christian 35.7%, traditionalist .9%, unspecified .5% (2013 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Population:</td><td> 203,452,505 (July 2018 est.) note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Age structure:</td><td> 0-14 years: 42.45% (male 44,087,799 /female 42,278,742) 15-24 years: 19.81% (male 20,452,045 /female 19,861,371) 25-54 years: 30.44% (male 31,031,253 /female 30,893,168) 55-64 years: 4.04% (male 4,017,658 /female 4,197,739) 65 years and over: 3.26% (male 3,138,206 /female 3,494,524) (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Dependency ratios:</td><td> total dependency ratio: 88.2 (2015 est.) youth dependency ratio: 83 (2015 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 5.1 (2015 est.) potential support ratio: 19.4 (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Median age:</td><td> total: 18.3 years male: 18.1 years female: 18.6 years (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Population growth rate:</td><td> 2.54% (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Birth rate:</td><td> 35.2 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Death rate:</td><td> 9.6 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Net migration rate:</td><td> -0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Urbanization:</td><td> urban population: 50.3% of total population (2018) rate of urbanization: 4.23% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Major urban areas - population:</td><td> 13.463 million Lagos 3.82 million Kano 3.383 million Ibadan 2.919 million ABUJA (capital) 2.343 million Port Harcourt 1.628 million Benin City (2018) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Sex ratio:</td><td> at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2018 est.) Mother's mean age at first birth: 20.3 years (2013 est.) note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Maternal mortality rate:</td><td> 814 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Infant mortality rate:</td><td> total: 63.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 69.1 deaths/1,000 live births female: 57.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Life expectancy at birth:</td><td> total population: 59.3 years male: 57.5 years female: 61.1 years (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Total fertility rate:</td><td> 4.85 children born/woman (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Contraceptive prevalence rate:</td><td> 27.6% (2018) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Physicians density:</td><td> 0.38 physicians/1,000 population (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Drinking water source:</td><td> improved: urban: 80.8% of population rural: 57.3% of population total: 68.5% of population unimproved: urban: 19.2% of population rural: 42.7% of population total: 31.5% of population (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Sanitation facility access:</td><td> improved: urban: 32.8% of population (2015 est.) rural: 25.4% of population (2015 est.) total: 29% of population (2015 est.) unimproved: urban: 67.2% of population (2015 est.) rural: 74.6% of population (2015 est.) total: 71% of population (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:</td><td> 2.8% (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:</td><td> 3.1 million (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>HIV/AIDS - deaths:</td><td> 150,000 (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Obesity - adult prevalence rate:</td><td> 8.9% (2016) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Children under the age of 5 years underweight:</td><td> 31.5% (2016) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Education expenditures:</td><td> n/a</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Literacy:</td><td> definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.) total population: 59.6% male: 69.2% female: 49.7% (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):</td><td> total: 9 years male: 9 years female: 8 years (2011) Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 12.4% male: n/a female: n/a (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=government>Government</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Country name:</td><td> conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria etymology: named for the Niger River that flows through the west of the country to the Atlantic Ocean; from a native term "Ni Gir" meaning "River Gir"</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Government type:</td><td> federal presidential republic</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Capital:</td><td> name: Abuja geographic coordinates: 9 05 N, 7 32 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: Abuja is a planned capital city, it replaced Lagos in 1991; situated in the center of the country, Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Administrative divisions:</td><td> 36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Independence:</td><td> 1 October 1960 (from the UK)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>National holiday:</td><td> Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Constitution:</td><td> history: several previous; latest adopted 5 May 1999, effective 29 May 1999 amendments: proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of both houses and approval by the Houses of Assembly of at least two-thirds of the states; amendments to constitutional articles on the creation of a new state, fundamental constitutional rights, or constitution-amending procedures requires at least four-fifths majority vote by both houses of the National Assembly and approval by the Houses of Assembly in at least two-thirds of the states; passage of amendments limited to the creation of a new state require at least two-thirds majority by the proposing National Assembly house and approval by the Houses of Assembly in two-thirds of the states; amended several times, last in 2018 (2018) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Legal system:</td><td> mixed legal system of English common law, Islamic law (in 12 northern states), and traditional law</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Suffrage:</td><td> 18 years of age; universal</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Executive branch:</td><td> chief of state: President Maj. Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces head of government: President Maj.Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015) cabinet: Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constrained constitutionally to include at least one member from each of the 36 states elections/appointments: president directly elected by qualified majority popular vote and at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held in February 2023); note: the election was scheduled for 16 February 2019, but postponed on 16 February 2019 election results: Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKER (PDP) 39%, other 8%</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Legislative branch:</td><td> description: bicameral National Assembly consists of: Senate (109 seats - 3 each for the 36 states and 1 for Abuja-Federal Capital Territory; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms) House of Representatives (360 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms) elections: Senate - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 23 February 2023); note: election was scheduled for 16 February 2019 but was postponed on 15 February 2019 House of Representatives - last held on 23 February (next to be held on 23 February 2013); note: election was scheduled for 16 February 2019 but was postponed on 15 February 2019 election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 65, PDP 39, YPP 1, TBD 3; composition - men 103, women 6, percent of women 5.5% House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 217, PDP 115, other 20, TBD 8; composition - men 346, women 14, percent of women 3.9%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 4.3%</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Judicial branch:</td><td> highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices) judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments confirmed by the Senate; judges serve until age 70 subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Political parties and leaders:</td><td> Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO] All Progressives Congress or APC [Adams OSHIOMHOLE] All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor Ike OYE] Democratic Peoples Party or DPP [Biodun OGUNBIYI] Labor Party or LP [Alhai Abdulkadir ABDULSALAM] Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Uche SECONDUS] Young Progressive Party or YPP [Kingsley MOGHALU]</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>International organization participation:</td><td> ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>National symbol(s):</td><td> eagle; national colors: green, white</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>National anthem:</td><td> name: Arise Oh Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey lyrics/music: John A. ILECHUKWU, Eme Etim AKPAN, B.A. OGUNNAIKE, Sotu OMOIGUI and P.O. ADERIBIGBE/Benedict Elide ODIASE note: adopted 1978; lyrics are a mixture of the five top entries in a national contest </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Diplomatic representation in the US:</td><td> chief of mission: Ambassador Sylvanus Adiewere NSOFOR (since 29 November 2017) chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 516-4277 FAX: [1] (202) 362-6541 consulate(s) general: Atlanta, New York</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Diplomatic representation from the US:</td><td valign=top> chief of mission: Ambassador W. Stuart SYMINGTON (since 1 December 2016) embassy: Plot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abuja mailing address: P. O. Box 5760, Garki, Abuja telephone: [234] (9) 461-4000 FAX: [234] (9) 461-4036 consulate(s): Lagos</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=economy>Economy</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 cellpadding=10><div style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:8px;"> Nigeria is Sub Saharan Africa鈥檚 largest economy and relies heavily on oil as its main source of foreign exchange earnings and government revenues. Following the 2008-09 global financial crises, the banking sector was effectively recapitalized and regulation enhanced. Since then, Nigeria鈥檚 economic growth has been driven by growth in agriculture, telecommunications, and services. Economic diversification and strong growth have not translated into a significant decline in poverty levels; over 62% of Nigeria's over 180 million people still live in extreme poverty. Despite its strong fundamentals, oil-rich Nigeria has been hobbled by inadequate power supply, lack of infrastructure, delays in the passage of legislative reforms, an inefficient property registration system, restrictive trade policies, an inconsistent regulatory environment, a slow and ineffective judicial system, unreliable dispute resolution mechanisms, insecurity, and pervasive corruption. Regulatory constraints and security risks have limited new investment in oil and natural gas, and Nigeria's oil production had been contracting every year since 2012 until a slight rebound in 2017. President BUHARI, elected in March 2015, has established a cabinet of economic ministers that includes several technocrats, and he has announced plans to increase transparency, diversify the economy away from oil, and improve fiscal management, but has taken a primarily protectionist approach that favors domestic producers at the expense of consumers. President BUHARI ran on an anti-corruption platform, and has made some headway in alleviating corruption, such as implementation of a Treasury Single Account that allows the government to better manage its resources and a more transparent government payroll and personnel system that eliminated duplicate and "ghost workers." The government also is working to develop stronger public-private partnerships for roads, agriculture, and power. Nigeria entered recession in 2016 as a result of lower oil prices and production, exacerbated by militant attacks on oil and gas infrastructure in the Niger Delta region, coupled with detrimental economic policies, including foreign exchange restrictions. GDP growth turned positive in 2017 as oil prices recovered and output stabilized. </div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP (purchasing power parity):</td><td> $1.121 trillion (2017 est.) $1.112 trillion (2016 est.) $1.13 trillion (2015 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP (official exchange rate):</td><td> $376.4 billion (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP - real growth rate:</td><td> 0.8% (2017 est.) -1.6% (2016 est.) 2.7% (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP - per capita (PPP):</td><td> $5,900 (2017 est.) $6,100 (2016 est.) $6,300 (2015 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Gross national saving:</td><td> 18.2% of GDP (2017 est.) 16% of GDP (2016 est.) 12.3% of GDP (2015 est.) GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 80% (2017 est.) government consumption: 5.8% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 14.8% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: 0.7% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 11.9% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -13.2% (2017 est.) GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 21.1% (2016 est.) industry: 22.5% (2016 est.) services: 56.4% (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Agriculture - products:</td><td> cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (manioc, tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Industries:</td><td> crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Industrial production growth rate:</td><td> 2.2% (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Labor force:</td><td> 60.08 million (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Labor force - by occupation:</td><td> agriculture: 70% industry: 10% services: 20% (1999 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Unemployment rate:</td><td> 16.5% (2017 est.) 13.9% (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Population below poverty line:</td><td> 70% (2010 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Household income or consumption by percentage share:</td><td> lowest 10%: 1.8% highest 10%: 38.2% (2010 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Distribution of family income - Gini index:</td><td> 48.8 (2013) 50.6 (1997) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Budget:</td><td> revenues: 12.92 billion (2017 est.) expenditures: 19.54 billion (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Taxes and other revenues:</td><td> 3.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.) Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): -1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Public debt:</td><td> 21.8% of GDP (2017 est.) 19.6% of GDP (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Fiscal year:</td><td> calendar year</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Inflation rate (consumer prices):</td><td> 16.5% (2017 est.) 15.7% (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Current account balance:</td><td> $10.38 billion (2017 est.) $2.714 billion (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exports:</td><td> $1.146 billion (2017 est.) $34.7 billion (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exports - commodities:</td><td> petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber (2012 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exports - partners:</td><td> India 30.6%, US 12.1%, Spain 6.6%, China 5.6%, France 5.5%, Netherlands 4.4%, Indonesia 4.4% (2017) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Imports:</td><td> $32.67 billion (2017 est.) $35.24 billion (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Imports - commodities:</td><td> machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Imports - partners:</td><td> China 21.1%, Belgium 8.7%, US 8.4%, South Korea 7.5%, UK 4.4% (2017) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:</td><td> $38.77 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $25.84 billion (31 December 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Debt - external:</td><td> $40.96 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $31.41 billion (31 December 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:</td><td> $116.9 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $113.4 billion (31 December 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:</td><td> $16.93 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $15.65 billion (31 December 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Market value of publicly traded shares:</td><td> $53.07 billion (31 December 2016 est.) $63.47 billion (31 December 2014 est.) $80.61 billion (31 December 2013 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exchange rates:</td><td> nairas (NGN) per US dollar - 323.5 (2017 est.) 253 (2016 est.) 253 (2015 est.) 192.73 (2014 est.) 158.55 (2013 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=energy>Energy</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - production:</td><td> 29.35 billion kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - consumption:</td><td> 24.72 billion kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - exports:</td><td> 0 kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - imports:</td><td> 0 kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - installed generating capacity:</td><td> 10.52 million kW (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from fossil fuels:</td><td> 80% of total installed capacity (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from nuclear fuels:</td><td> 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:</td><td> 19% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from other renewable sources:</td><td> 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - production:</td><td> 1.946 million bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - exports:</td><td> 2.096 million bbl/day (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - imports:</td><td> 0 bbl/day (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - proved reserves:</td><td> 37.45 billion bbl (1 January 2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - production:</td><td> 35,010 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - consumption:</td><td> 325,000 bbl/day (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - exports:</td><td> 2,332 bbl/day (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - imports:</td><td> 223,400 bbl/day (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - production:</td><td> 44.48 billion cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - consumption:</td><td> 17.24 billion cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - exports:</td><td> 27.21 billion cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - imports:</td><td> 0 cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - proved reserves:</td><td> 5.475 trillion cu m (1 January 2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:</td><td> 104 million Mt (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=communications>Communications</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Cellular Phones in use:</td><td> total subscriptions: 144,920,170 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 76 (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Telephone system:</td><td> general assessment: one of the larger telecom markets in Africa; foreign investment; market competition; LTE technologies available but GSM technology dominate; unified licensing regime; government committed to聽expanding broadband penetration; in Q1 2018, the Nigerian Communications Commission approved seven licenses to telecom companies to deploy fiber optic cable in the six geopolitical zones and Lagos (2018) domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network; multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership base over聽76 per 100 persons (2018) international: country code - 234; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Broadcast media:</td><td> nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations operational; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations typically carry their own programs except for news broadcasts; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available; digital broadcasting migration process completed in three states in 2018 (2019) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Internet country code:</td><td> .ng</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Internet users:</td><td> total: 47,759,904 percent of population: 25.7% (July 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=transportation>Transportation</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Airports:</td><td> 54 (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Airports (paved runways):</td><td> total 40 (2017) over 3,047 m: 10 (2017) 2,438 to 3,047 m: 12 (2017) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 9 (2017) 914 to 1,523 m: 6 (2017) under 914 m: 3 (2017) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Airports (unpaved runways):</td><td> total 14 (2013) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2013) 914 to 1,523 m: 9 (2013) under 914 m: 3 (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Heliports:</td><td> 5 (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Pipelines:</td><td> 124 km condensate, 4045 km gas, 164 km liquid petroleum gas, 4441 km oil, 3940 km refined products (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Railways:</td><td> total 3,798 km (2014) standard gauge: 293 km 1.435-m gauge (2014) narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge (2014) note: As of the end of 2018, there were only six operational locomotives in Nigeria primarily used for passenger service.聽 The majority of the rail lines are in a severe state of disrepair and need to be replaced.</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Roadways:</td><td> total 195,000 km (2017) paved: 60,000 km (2017) unpaved: 135,000 km (2017) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Waterways:</td><td> 8,600 km (Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks) (2011) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Merchant marine:</td><td> total 576 by type: general cargo 14, oil tanker 90, other 472 (2018) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Ports and terminals:</td><td> major seaport(s): Bonny Inshore Terminal, Calabar, Lagos LNG terminal(s) (export): Bonny Island</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=military>Military</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Military branches:</td><td> Nigerian Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Military service age and obligation:</td><td> 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2012) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Military expenditures:</td><td> 0.5% of GDP (2018) 0.43% of GDP (2016) 0.42% of GDP (2015) 0.41% of GDP (2014) 0.47% of GDP (2013) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=issues>Transnational Issues</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Disputes - International:</td><td> Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately cedes sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phaseout of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation; only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries; location of Benin-Niger-Nigeria tripoint is unresolved </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refugees and internally displaced persons:</td><td> refugees (country of origin): 36,810 (Cameroon) (2019) IDPs: 1,980,036 (northeast Nigeria; Boko Haram attacks and counterinsurgency efforts in northern Nigeria; communal violence between Christians and Muslims in the middle belt region, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; cattle rustling; competition for resources) (2019)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Illicit drugs:</td><td> a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets; consumer of amphetamines; safe haven for 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data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ph.png">Philippines</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pl.png">Poland</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pt/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pt.png">Portugal</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pr.png">Puerto Rico</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/qa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/qa.png">Qatar</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/cg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/cg.png">Republic of the Congo</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ro/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ro.png">Romania</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ru/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ru.png">Russia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/rw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/rw.png">Rwanda</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/bl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/bl.png">Saint Barthelemy</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sh/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sh.png">Saint Helena</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kn.png">Saint Kitts and Nevis</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lc.png">Saint Lucia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mf.png">Saint Martin</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pm.png">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vc.png">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ws/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ws.png">Samoa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sm.png">San Marino</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/st/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/st.png">Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sa.png">Saudi Arabia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sn.png">Senegal</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/rs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/rs.png">Serbia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sc.png">Seychelles</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sl.png">Sierra Leone</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sg.png">Singapore</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sx/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sx.png">Sint Maarten</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sk.png">Slovakia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/si/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/si.png">Slovenia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sb.png">Solomon Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/so/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/so.png">Somalia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/za/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/za.png">South Africa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kr.png">South Korea</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ss/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ss.png">South Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/es/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/es.png">Spain</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lk.png">Sri Lanka</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sd/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sd.png">Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sr.png">Suriname</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sj.png">Svalbard</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sz.png">Eswatini</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/se/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/se.png">Sweden</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ch/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ch.png">Switzerland</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sy.png">Syria</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tw.png">Taiwan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tj.png">Tajikistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tz.png">Tanzania</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/th/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/th.png">Thailand</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/bs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/bs.png">Bahamas</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gm.png">Gambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tl.png">Timor-Leste</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tg.png">Togo</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tk.png">Tokelau</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/to/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/to.png">Tonga</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tt/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tt.png">Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tn.png">Tunisia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tr.png">Turkey</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tm.png">Turkmenistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tc.png">Turks and Caicos Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tv/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tv.png">Tuvalu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ug/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ug.png">Uganda</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ua/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ua.png">Ukraine</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ae/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ae.png">United Arab Emirates</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gb.png">United Kingdom</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/us/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/us.png">United States</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uy.png">Uruguay</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uz.png">Uzbekistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vu.png">Vanuatu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/va/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/va.png">Vatican City</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ve/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ve.png">Venezuela</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vn.png">Vietnam</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vi/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vi.png">U.S. Virgin Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/wf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/wf.png">Wallis and Futuna</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/eh/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/eh.png">Western Sahara</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ye/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ye.png">Yemen</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zm.png">Zambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zw.png">Zimbabwe</option></select>« <a href=/factbook/ne><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ne.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> <a href=/factbook/ne style="text-decoration:none;">Previous Country</a> | <a href=/factbook/nu style="text-decoration:none;">Next Country</a> <a href=/factbook/nu><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nu.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> »    Source: CIA - The World Factbook </blockquote> </td> </tr> </table> </div>  <script language="javascript"> $(document).ready(function(e) { try { $("body select").msDropDown(); } catch(e) { alert(e.message); } }); </script> <div class="cl"> </div> <h1 id="logo2"><a href="/index.html">Flag Counter</a></h1> <div class="cl"> </div> </div>  </div>  </div>   <div id="footer"> <div class="shell"> <div class="cl"> </div> <a href="/contact.html">Contact</a> | <a href="/terms.html">Terms of Service</a> | <a href="/privacy.html">Privacy Policy</a> | © <a href=https://boardhost.com>Boardhost.com, Inc.</a> This product includes GeoLite2 data created by MaxMind, available from <a 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